اسم المؤلف:
عباس كاظم عبید عباس
اسم المشرف:
عصام حسین علي الدوغجي | نوال مهدي حمود
المستخلص:
Two experimentswere conducted during autum seasonsof 2013 - 2014 and 2014 - 2015 in Tomato Development Project belong to Basrah Agricultural Director, Khor Al - Zubairin southern Iraq to study the effect of foliar application of tryptophan, glycine and soil appliedBiohealthongrowth and yield of some potato cultivars. The aim of the experiments was focused on the effect of three potato cultivars (Draga, Arnova and Provento) in the first season and (Arizona, Arnova and Rivira) in the second season.Spraying with two concentrations( 100 and 200 mg.l - 1)for both Tryptophan and glycine and 0 mg.l - 1(sprying with distilled water).Spryingwas done twice 45 and 60 days after after propagating.Besides, additiontwo concentrations ofBiohealthinto the soil( 0 and 1 g.l - 1for the first seasonand 0 , 1 and 2 g.l - 1 for the second season). The addition ofBiohealthwas done twice 45 and 60 days after propagatingfor both seasons. The experiments was adopted as factional experiment.Split - Split Plot Design was used with three replication,Least Significant Differences Test(LSD) was used at probability of 0.05. The results could be summarized as follows : 1. Emergence of field parameters Results showed that"Arnova" cultivargave asignificant increases in speedemergence field after 20.51 and 19.43 daysin both season,respectively."Brovento"in first season and “Arezona” in the second seasongave asignificant increasesin the percent of field emergence 96.42 and 89.33%respectively, .2.Vegetative growth parameters Resultsshowed that"Draga"cultivar in the first season and "Rivira" inthe second seasonincreased significantly in mostvegetative growth parameters.Spryingwith 200mg.l - 1 tryptophan in bothseasons gave increased significantly in mostvegetative growth parameters.Application withbiohealth1 g.l - 1 in the first seasonand 1, 2 g.l - 1In the second season gave significant increases in mostvegetative growth parameters.The interactions between the studied factors caused significant increased effects in all vegetative growth parameters on both seasons. 3. Yields parameters Results in the first season showed that "Draga" cultivar gave significant increases in tuber number.plant - 1,total plant yield, marketable yield,total yield, small and large tubers yield (6.10 tuber,379.9g,3.36 ton.donum - 1, 3.71 ton.donum - 1,0.35ton.donum - 1 and2.52 ton.donum - 1,respectively), While "Rivira cultivar in the second season gave significantincreases in tuber weigh,total plant yield,marketable yield,total yieldand large tubers yield(88.38 g, 492.6g,4.50 ton.donum - 1,4.82 ton.donum - 1, 3.87 ton.donum - 1,respectively).Sprying with 200 mg.l - 1 tryptophan in the two seasons gavesignificant increases in tuber weigh (69.08, 74.95 g), total plant yield (389.1 , 438.4 g), marketable yield (3.54, 3.87ton.donum - 1),total yield (3.80, 4.28 ton.donum - 1) and large tubers yield(2.44, 3.08 ton. donum - 1) respectively, While the 100 mg.l - 1 tryptophan increases in tuber number.plant - 1 in the first season(5.76 tuber) and 200 mg.l - 1 tryptophan increases in the first seasonin yield medium tubers (1.10 ton.donum - 1)and in the second season increases in tuber number.plant - 1(5.90 tuber).Application with1g.l - 1 biohealthin the first season gave significant increases in tuber number.plant - 1,total plant yield,marketable yield,total yield,medium and large tubers yield(5.72 tuber, 366.6 g, 3.28 ton.donum - 1,3.59 ton.donum - 1,1.03 ton.donum - 1and 2.26 ton. donum - 1,respectively), while in the second season application with 2 g.l - 1 biohealthgave significant increases in tuber number.plantC 1,total plant yield,marketable yield,total yield,and large tubers yield(5.85 tuber, 423.4 g), 3.75ton.donum - 1 ,4.15 ton.donum - 1 and 3.00 ton.donum - 1,respectively). The interactions between the studied factors caused significant increased in allyields parameters on both seasons.4. Chemical characteristics 4 - 1. Leaves chemical characteristics Spraying with 100 and 200 mg.l - 1 tryptophan in Carbohydrate contents. In the second season200 mg.l - 1glycinegave significant increases in carbohydrate contents.Application with 1 g.l - 1biohealthin second season gave a significant increase incarbohydrate contents.The interactions between the studied factors caused significant increased effects in all leaves chemicalparameters on both seasons.4 - 2. Tubers chemical characteristics Results showed that "Brovento" cultivar in the first season gave significant increases in the percentage of dry matter, starch and specific gravity, "Draga" increases in thepercentage of protein, vitamin C and total solubilesoilds, "Arnova" increases intotal free amino acids. In the second season "Rivira" cultivar gave significant increases inthe percentage of dry matter, starch, specific gravity and total free amino acids and"Arezon" increases in thepercentage of vitamin C and total solubilesoilds.Foliar application with tryptophan at 200 mg.l - 1 in the first season caused an increase in the percentage of dry matter, starch,specific gravity and protein, while 200 mg.l - 1 glycine increases in vitamin C and total solubilesoilds, glycine at100 mg.l - 1increases in total free amino acids.Foliar application with tryptophan and glycine at 200 mg.l - 1in second season caused an increase in the percentage of dry matter, starch andspecific gravity, while 200 mg.l - 1 glycine caused increases in the percentage of protein and total free amino acids, glycine at100 mg.l - 1 increasesin vitamin C and tryptophan at 200 mg.l - 1 in total solubilesoilds.Application with biohealth gave asignificant increase in mosttubers chemical characteristics for both season.The interactions between the studied factors caused significant increased effects in all tuber chemicalparameters on both seasons.
