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تاثير الرش بالاثيفون في البناء البايوايميائي والتشريحي لثمار السدر "Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk." وحاصل الشجرة في صنفي التفاحي والجبجاب خلال مراحل النمو والنضج == EFEECT OF SPRAYING ETHEPHONON THE BIOCHEMICAL AND ANATOMICAL BULID - UP OF JUJUBE FRUITS "Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk."AND YIELD TREES OF TUFAHI AND CHIBCHAB CULTIVARS DURING GROWTH AND RIPENING
Author name:
وسن فوزي فاضل الابريسم
Supervisor name:
علي حسين محمد الطه
General topic:
Agricultural sciences
Specific topic:
Plant - Gardening
Degree:
Master
University:
University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Agriculture
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
31T1733 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The present study was conducted on jujube trees "Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.", cv. Tufahi (grown in a private orchard at AL - Hartha district, Basrah Governorate) and on cv. Chibchab (grown in a private orchard at Abi ELKhassib district, Basrah Governorate) during the growing season 20007 - 2008 to investigate effects of the plant growth regulator "Ethephon " at the concentrations of 0 , 100 , 300 , 500 mg/1 on the biochemical and anatomical build - up of fruits and yield quality. The results of this study were as follows : All ethephon spray treatments had significant effect on the physical and chemical characters of fruits and yield of trees. The ethephon treatment at the concentration of 500 mg/1 for both cultivars recorded the highest increases in fruit volume, length, diameter, fresh weight of fruit, pulp and seed, total soluble solids, fruit skin content of carotene pigment, nitrogen concentration, proten, respiration, ethylene production, number of cells per mm2 (for Chibchab cv. only) cell length and width, total and reducing sugars, sucrose, vit. C. and potassium concentration per fruit. Ethephon treatment at the concentration of 500 mg/1 gave also insignificant increased in fruit dry matter percentage. The control treatment (0 mg/l ethephon) for both cultivars had significantly highertotal acidity, pectins, phonolic compounds, fruit skin content of chlorophyll a(for Tufahi cv. only), b and total chlorophyll, and phosphorus concentration per fruit over the other treatments. Ethephon treatment at the concentration of 100 mg/1 ethephon gave significant increased in fruit skin content of chlorophyll a for Chibchab cv. only, and total chlorophyll, and insignificant increased in number of cells per mm2 for Tufahi cv. only. Ethephon treatment at the concentration of 300 mg/1 increased the fruit weight per tree and total yield per hectare significantly over treatments for both cultivars but the differences were not significant with ethephon treatment at 100 mg/1 in both characters for Tufahi cv. only.Periods from anthesis factor had significant effect in all characters for both cultivars. Periods 122 and 131 days from anthesis for Tufahi and Chibchab cultivars respectively recorded the highest increases in fruit volume, length, diameter, fresh weight of fruit, pulp and seed, fruit dry matter percentage(for Tufahi cv. only), total soluble solids, fruit skin content of carotene pigment, cell length and width, whereas period 40 days from anthesis increases significantly fruit moisture content(for Tufahi cv. only), dry matter(for Chibchab cv. only), total acidity, pectins, phenolic compounds, fruit skin content of chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, nitrogen concentration, protein and cell number per mm2 over other periods. Period 67days from anthesis recorded Significant increase in moisture content per fruit for Chibchab cv. , while period 101 days from anthesis gave Significant increase in respiration rate and ethylene production for both cultivars.The The combination of ethephon treatments and periods from anthesis had significant effects in all fruit characters for both cultivars but frut moisture content and dry matter percentage were Significant in all combination treatments for Tufahi cv. only.All ethephon treatments hastened fruit ripening by means of changes in fruit color and picking date for both Tufahi and Chibchab jujube cultivars in comparison to control treatment, with the treatment at 500 mg/l ethephon recording the best results in this respect. Fruits of both ethephon treatments at 300 mg/l and 500 mg/l were picked three times in the season and fruits of ethephon treatment at 100 mg/l and control treatment were picked five times in the season.
