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قضية التبت ومواقف الدول الكبرى والاقليمية منها (1949 - 1959) == The Issue Of Tibet And The Attitudes Of The Great And Regional Powers (1959 - 1949)

Author name: منتصر حسن دهيرب
Supervisor name: فرقد عباس قاسم المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The Issue of Tibet is one of the most important Issues, which Occupied the Formal and Informal world Opinion during the Fifth decade of last Century, Tibet Issue is Regarded as an Important Issue because it Started with the beginning of the Cold war between the two Camps of the Communist and Capitalist after World War II, and the Success of the in control of the General Rule in 1949 Chinese Communist Party in taking Power in 1949 after its Success to move Kuomintang Party away to Taiwan. The Researcher Chose the Year 1949 as a Start for the Thesis title because on that Year the Communist Party has Controlling on Power in China, and his Leaders Started calling for the unification of China and entering Regions and one of them was Tibet to Chinese State Authorities. The end of the Thesis was in the Year 1959, which was the Year Tibet Revolution happened in Tibet Revolution was against Chinese existence. The Revolution ended by Escape of the Dalai Lama outside Tibet and asking for Asylum in India. Moreover Tibet Leadership has Succeeded in showing their Issue to the United National Assembly and getting an International Decision to Condemn china. The Thesis is divided into an Introduction and four Chapters and a conclusion. The introduction included general explanation for the Thesis and its way of building. The Titled of the first Chapter was (General Situation in Tibet 1900 - 1949). And it included three Sections. The First Section Referred to the Geographic, Economic and Social Importance in addition to the beginning of the Political establishment of Tibet. the second section that indicated to political developments in Tibet during period of the British Occupation in 1904 and Chinese Occupation in 1910, while the third section has included political developments during period of independence (1912 - 1949), the Second Section had title (Chinese claim with returning Tibet and attitudes of regional and great States 1949 - 1951). it consist of three Section , first Section indicates to Chinese threats with re - annexation of Tibet and of great and regional States. The Second Section that expresses to shuttle fighters for TibetanDelegation in an attempt to avoided their country the risk of Chinese occupation for Eastern Tibet areas (Chamdo) and force Tibetan Government to inter in bilateral negotiation with china. It also dealt with attitudes of regional and great states of the occupation. Third Section had title (internal political developments in Tibet and attitudes of great and regional States of them )1951 - 1958 that consists of two sections first section indicated to bilateral relations between local government of Tibet and Chinese government this Section dealt with refusal of local government for Chinese administrative procedures in AL Tibet and opposition against Chinese existence on both formal and popular levels the second section dealt with first Tibetan revolution against Chinese Authorities have implemented in two provinces Kham and Amdo. It also dealt with Military and logistics Aids that USA Intelligence (CIA) have Provided to Tibetan Resistance. The four section had title (political developments in Tibet and international and regional attitude of them (10 of march 1959 - November 1959) consists of two sections : first section dealt with second Tibetan revolution in 1959 that has reported direct reasons to starting revolution and procedures that popular Chinese government has taken to its suppression the second section indicated to regional and international attitude of Tibetan revolution the conclusion has included the most important results that have reached the thesis
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الاقصاء الفكري والمذهبي في الاندلس من الفتح الاسلامي حتى سقوط غرناطة 92 - 897هـ / 710 - 1491م == Intellectual And Sectarian Exclusion In Andalusia From Opening Until The Fall Of Granada{ 92 - 897H / 710 - 1491M }

Author name: احمد عبد الكاظم لجلاج
Supervisor name: شكري ناصر عبد الحسن المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Considered Andalus important Islamic metropolises where many scientists and thinkers who have taken it upon themselves to research and development in the fields of science and knowledge that was not the general situation accepted by explicitly but work on the stand especially her face and he saw it outside the Islamic religion famously took action to address them in all shapes and ways to eliminate those of science and knowledge in multiple formats such as imprisonment, exile, murder and other acts.So you divide my thesis to the front and pave contained four chapters in a statement Photos exclusion was a historic evidence from several perspectives in the control of the Maliki school and Aidulogith in the application of his ideas playoffs, has included a plan submitted Find based on unbridled desire that led me to choose a thesis and also the method and approach which it adopted thesis topics on the statement, and the statement of sources that our results in the Thighs thesis on the MAP.Either the first chapter we have offered is subject to the intellectual and ideological trends} origination and exclusion {has combined two sections, the first meaning of the exclusion and the statement of exclusion language and idiomatically as contained in the language dictionaries, as well as references to this meaning in the Koran and how Illth wrote boredom and the bees, which reflected the ideas of storytellers, and Pena impact political factor in the genesis of the doctrines in Andalusia, while the second topic and address the exclusion of doctrines in Andalusia under the headings exclusion of the Maliki school for the rest of doctrines and how he was able Maliki school of control after the support of the authority and its role and address of the exclusionary policy against science and knowledge and how was his word and Satwa on who oppose that Maliki played a major roleEither The second and the chapter was dedicated "religious charges" brought together the first two sections : charges of atheism and heresy "and touched it to the first two issues of religious charges and second counts mental science and made it clear both how to throw different religious charges if the charge of heresy or interest to get out of debt and that jurists which played a role they were able to form through which the interconnected series of charges pervaded the owners of the new science and the owners of renewed thought that scholars did not deliver them to the rest of the doctrines, scientists and thinkers of philosophy, medicine, astronomy and other sciences of those charges, either second topic and address the political charges came under the first two headings charge of conspiracy to power The second charge Altcol power we have explained in which the depth of exclusionary development that he tried to extend his policy all the roads in order to exclude others because of their ideological and intellectual.The third chapter and the chapter was devoted to the statement "intellectual exclusion methods" have included four first sections : exclusion prison and explained how it was able to owners of authoritarian thought the use of charges and packaged form that allows them to throw the accused in prison and policy practice their right tools and the pressure on them and which claimed the lives of some people to death because of those charges either second topic : the liquidation of murder also has its major role in the exclusion processes has used the owners of rigid trends and Alemtemthleen who led the Maalikis activate the secret and public killings tool for the liquidation of opponents of the scientific arena because of what were driven right Almgosain of false charges, either third topic : the displacement is considered the perfect tool for them in Almgosai deal signed after his land and his fellow workers, including an effective tool in the intimidation and terrorism. Either fourth topic : the destruction of intellectual productions and who embodied the most dangerous exclusion processes, as is the termination phase of the owners of the intellectual and religious trends through campus affected by them and which formed a burden on both cases, researchers because of the loss of those books and what the content of which were destroyed because of the desires of scholars and face Almtsidin of the doctrine of al - Maliki, the destruction of their books. The fourth chapter,dealt with and entitled "Methods of face exclusion," which came in the first two sections : hiding from the pressures of exclusion The first two addresses included immigration in order to avoid the development of cases of exclusion and the use of repressive tactics against Almgosain which necessitated their migration and disappearances in the Secretary and remote areas within Andalusia and beyond, and the second face the pressures of exclusion by the challenge and confrontation, or to stay and refused to obey the orders of the authority of the wishes of influential jurists Maalikis.The fourth five entitled "Public attitudes" which we explained where those positions have included the first two sections : the general attitudes of the implementation of the exclusion orders, which reflected the first two aspects positive supporter of thedecisions of exclusion and supportive of her and the second rejecting exclusion and confrontation with its decisions after remedied to the size of the plots hatched against scientists and scholars in order to exclusion, and the second represents their positions of intellectual and revolutionary movements embodied doing some revolutions against those who have been excluded. And the conclusion of the findings of the study of important results Astfadtha of those circumstances and women, which was the reason behind the exclusion of the right of scientists and thinkers the results of the task related to exclusion, as well as a list of the names of the manuscripts and sources in Arabic and translated, references and a number of messages and Alatarih university, periodicals and foreign references.
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بنو مردنيش ودورهم السياسي والعسكري في الاندلس (528 - 636 هـ/1134 - 1238 م) == Bani Mardeneesh Their Political And Military Role In Andalusia ( 528 - 636 A. H./ 1134 - 1238 )

Author name: جابر خليفة جابر
Supervisor name: حسين جبار مجيتل العلياوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The study singled out the political and military role of Bani Mardneeshin Andalusia528 - 636 A.H./1134 - 1238 where this period represents an important aspect of Andalusian history from the late era of Murabiteen and the era of Muwahideen. The research begins from the year 528 A. H./1134, based on the existence of a military role for the grandfather of the family whose name is Mardneesh in that time.Then, the end of the research set in year636 A. H. / 1238, based on the history of the fall of the city of Valencia under the control of the Christians and which were subjected toBaniMardneesh, where ended up by their departure from Andalusia and their evacuation to Africa.The information of this research required to be divide into an introduction, preface, three chapters, a conclusion, and supplements.The preface includes the indication of the general situation in Andalusia until the late era of Murabiteen, and which led to the outbreak of revolutions in various regions of Andalusia, which were subjected to Muwahideenlater, except the areas that were under the subjection of BaniMardneesh. The first chapter dealt with the descent of BaniMardneeshand their social status, and contains two sections : Section I studied the descent of Banimardneeshand if they were from Arab tribes, or the origins of Christianity, also addressed the origin ofBeniMardneeshappellation and the reason for it. The seconddealt with their social status.Chapter two discusses the political role of BaniMardneeshin Andalusia,and divided into three sections : The first dealt with the political relations of BaniMardneesh with Murabiteen, starting from their first appearance on the political scene, and till the fall of the state ofAl - Murabiteen. The second section has included political relations ofBeniMardneeshwithMuwahideenboth during the period of independence ofBeniMardaneeshin their princedombuilt in the east of Andalus, or when they were subjected to the authority ofAl Muwahideenand work with them later. The third section dealt with the political relations ofBeniMardneeshwith the small Christian states.Chapter III focused on the military role ofBeniMardneeshin Andalusia, and divided into three sections : The first studiedthemilitary relations ofBeniMardaneeshwithMurabiteen. The second dealt with the military relations ofBeniMardneeshwithMuwahideen. The third section, dealt with the military relations ofBeniMardaneeshwith the small Christian states, and what was between them such as military confrontations, or alliances and reconciliation.The Conclusion has reviewed the most prominent findings of this study on the history of this family, and its political, military and social roles and status. And the supplements included two pictures forthe gravestone of the daughter of Saad bin Mohammed Mardneesh., and the second picture is for AlmardnishiDinar and the inscriptions on both of its faces
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موقف بريطانيا من الصراع العربي - الاسرائيلي (1967 - 1970) == The Attitude Of Britain Towards The Arab - Israeli Conflict (1967 - 1970)

Author name: سعد علي نعيم الاسدي
Supervisor name: عماد مكلف عسل البدران
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The second chapter researches India’s embracement of Islam during the Islamic Rashydi caliphate. and The ummawy caliphs in the complement of conquest of India and the early Abassid campaigns as well.
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موقف الولايات المتحدة الامريكية من الحرب الاهلية النيجيرية 1967 - 1970 == The Attitude Of The United States Of America Of The Nigerian Civil War ( 1967 - 1970 )

Author name: رغداء عباس كامل العتابي
Supervisor name: نوفل كاظم مهوس
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study concluded that the weathy knowledge produced by the Arab Muslim historians and writers were full mature since those authors made personal visits in these remote areas and they improved their descriptive writings. In spite the fact that India witnessed constant political instability , but the unsetteled affairs could not have affected the cultural promotion and progress. Moreover Indian civic legacy played so great role in the Arab Islamic culture that it produced civilization mixture share by both of Arab and Indian nations later on.
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دور رجالات الشيعة في ادارة الدولة العباسية حتى سنة 334 هـ / 945م == The Role Of Shiite Men In Administrating The Abbasid State Until 334 H / 945 AD

Author name: فلاح عبد عبادي الكعبي
Supervisor name: شكري ناصر عبد الحسن المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Shiite men played a major role in building the Islamic state through their participation in political, economic and social aspects of life. One of the most important aspects of life that Shiites played in was the political aspect, where they held significant and sensitive administrative functions in the Abbasid state as they had an immense role through running the said functions. This is what our study titled " The Role of Shiites in Administrating the Abbasid State Until 334 H/945 AD", has researched for reflecting the impact and participation of these men in the state administration.The current study has addressed the nature of the relationship between Abbasid power and Shiism, and indicated the attitude of the Imams of Ahlulbait (PBUT) toward work with the oppressive power, and the legitimate permission that Imams of Ahlulbait granted to work with the said power. Also this study has focused on how Abbasid state dealt with Alawite movement as Alawites and Shiites through murder, imprisonment, displacement, destruction of livelihoods, confiscation of land and money and attempts to wipe out Imams of Ahlulbaits' traces. Moreover, this study also has mentioned administrative functions that Shiite men held in administrating functions that Shiite men held in administrating the Abbasid state, as they held functions of a ministry, writing, discipline, and leadership of countries as well as stated administrative effectiveness that those men had and works that they accomplished.Besides, this study brought to light the ideological impact in the administrative performance of Shiite men through their endeavors to transfer power from Abbasids to Alawites, how the said men worked to protect Imams of Ahlulbaits and Alawites from murder at the hands of Abbasside powers, and how they worked hard to provide services for Imams of Ahlulbaits, their Shiites, and the public through provision of money, lifting the injustice, helping scholars and activating economic resources and its positive impact on people. Also, this study discussed how some Shiite men dragged to the governing power through snitching others in order to gain power and get closer to rulers, and how some supported terror that exercised by rulers and imitated them in extravagance and waste.Finally, this study tackled the fact that Abbasid rulers did not hesitate to employ Shiite men in the administrative functions for their efficiency. Also rulers could not dispense with them for their experience and capability to run the state affairs and turned a blind eye to being Shiite for their dire need to them especially at crisis times, but when situations settle down, they decide to get rid of such men through murder, imprisonment or isolation
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تطور منهج الكتابة التاريخية حتى القرن الثامن الهجري : كتب التاريخ العام انموذجا == The Evolution Of Muslim'S Historical Curriculum Until The Eighth Century Of The Hegira / The Fourteenth CE (Books Of General History ) Sample

Author name: نضال محمد قمبر
Supervisor name: جاسم ياسيـن محمد الدرويش
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study discusses the latest developments adopted by muslims in the field of general history. Starting with the development of the historical curriculum historic ok the beginnings of books forewords the evolution of the curriculum embedded in these books themselves. The group was selected from the history books that have reached us in full forms , Excluding those that lack substance. Because that the purpose of the study identify the origins of the evolution in the methodology of historical writing , So put a plan aimed at addressing this purpose, The study is divided to four classes. Chapter one follows the methodological development of the preludes of general historical books , And is divided to two sections. The second chapter begins the study of the contents of the general history books , The theme of this chapter the time distribution of historical material and divided in to two sections. The first section specialized is concerned studyn (size classification for historical eras). The second section comes on what type of historical material in various times. Chapter three deals with Methods of historians ; is the divided to three detectives. The first addresses the historical curricula in narratives , the second approaches to the attribution and sources , and the third focuses on critical curriculum. Chapter four considers the factors affecting trends in historical writing. through four detectives ; The first Searches the political factor , the second focuses on regional and national factor, the third discusses religious motivation, and the fourth on cognitive motive
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فلسفة وظائف اعضاء جسم الانسان : دراسة في فكر ائمة اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) == The Philosophy Of Human Body Organs Function Physiology A Study In The Thought Of Ahl - Ul - Bait ((Peace Be Upon Them))

Author name: حوراء محمد خلف
Supervisor name: حميد سراج جابر الاسدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This title studies one aspect of the scientific phenomena , that is , its philosophy and reason. philosophy dose not refer to the traditional definition (wisdom lover) , rather , it is brought here to identify the reason behind this phenomenon or in relation to our subject (The philosophy of Human Body Organs Function Physiology). In other word , the nature of this study is all about the reoson behind a specific organ creation in its shape and the consequences made by it in return and shedding light on the function each organ does specially with the fact that the job of these organs and their functions all work to gether regularly and completing each other.In result, this subject ,with its main concentration on the function of the organs , is not an easy matter, specially because it requires particular devices to examine the human body and until now it needs to the modern and developed tools ,to do that.The question here is how came to people to know this in a time when the minimum level of research tools were not available , what leads us to he fact that the knowledge of Ahl - ul - Bait Imams ( peace be up on them) is a self - origin knowledge , and this what makes this study different.Hence the importance of the study at hand because it aims to achieve inter alia : the first command : to prove and preaching to demonstrate the ability of God and his wisdom in his creatures. The second thing : scientific knowledge - based scientific benefit and the study of cosmic and moral facts, which are not related to a certain competence but Borbab all of science. The third thing : an ideological respect to proving the Imamate Ahlulbait them peace and possessing science that does not come only to those with knowledge of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his family and him from Bari Almighty. This fourth : highlight and resolve many of the problems caused by the ambiguity of some scientific phenomena and the different interpretations and the disruption that.
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سياسة الولايات المتحدة الاميركية تجاه تشيكوسلوفاكيا 1941 - 1948

Author name: حنان عباس خير الله السعيدي
Supervisor name: عماد مكلف عسل البدران
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This Study dealt with the subject "The policy of the United States of America towards Czechoslovakia 1941 - 1948 ". Although Czechoslovakia had gotten the independence in 1918, but it was contained many nationalities. It had taken its lands from German to new state.It made German trying the revenge to itself indeed Czechoslovakia became the victim became the German occupied it 1939. Although the United States of America made the political isolation between the two world wars but the policy was changed for many reasons and was resulted through many situations imposed on political United State direction to take the positions of number of crises that the world is witnessed and determined the European continent , as it had taken the position of some of the issues by adopting global peace process. The subject of the policy of the United State of America towards Czechoslovakia considered as historical issue about people that they situated under the control of German. In addition , the geographical location to Czechoslovakia in center of Europe , it represented the point connection with western Europe , all of these points , it left affects on the political of the United States of America towards Czechoslovakia through American treatment with after the political Czechoslovakia with west and east in order to bridge between them. The Start of the subject 1941 because it involved the entranced United State of America to the word war and the year involved the started resistance in Czechoslovakia in order to American recognize about the government them in outside that it formed in London 1941 after the Soviet recognize and British 1941. The thesis stopped in 1948 because it was the year involved the control of the communisms on the order in Czechoslovakia , which on its impact Czechoslovakia joined the socialist bloc and become part of the communist camp. The formwork of the dissertation consisted of introduction , four chapters , conclusion and indexes. The chapter one concentrated on " The political of the United States of America towards Czechoslovakia 1918 - 1941 ". Chapter Two explained the situation of United States of America towards the republic of Czechoslovakia 1918 - 1920 , in addition to attentions between two countries and the political of United States of America towards Czechoslovakia during the development of the country during between two wars , that period was characterized by frequent civil war and international crises resulting from the expansionist ambitions espoused by the German leader Hitler about that continent , the Czechoslovakia crisis of the most prominent of these crises , also attitude on the United States of America position on the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939 , and the outbreak of the second world war and its impact on United States of America policy toward Czechoslovakia. The chapter two involved " The entrance of United States of America the war and the effect of the political towards Czechoslovakia 1941 - 1944 " In 1941, the policy of United States of America entered to new level represented the effects ( Eduared Benes ) the president of the government Czechoslovakia in the exile for sake the recognition from United States in addition the highlight upon the America situation towards agreement Soviet - Czechoslovakia 1943 , It was addressed to Czechoslovakia proposal for the signing of an international treaty , including the nature of the international situation , and the statement of the position of the Slovak uprising in year 1944. Chapter three involved " The political American towards Czechoslovakia year 1945 ". This chapter explained the United States of America and the situation in Czechoslovakia , also The political American towards Czechoslovakia in light of trends Soviet , it was the highlight of the American interest in the process of transfer of the Sudeten German from Czechoslovakia. Chapter four was addressed the political of United States of America towards the inner developments in Czechoslovakia 1946 - 1948. This chapter studied important developments of inner political and foreign to Czechoslovakia and it concentrated upon the attitude of United States of America towards those the developments particularly after elections year 1946. In addition to studied the project Marshal 1947 and political crisis that happened in Czechoslovakia year 1947 and attitude of United States of America , and attempted to stand the communists and prevent them from control of the government , as well as attitude the United States of America on the communist coup in 1948. The conclusion explained the important results that it arrived the research about the political of United States of America revealed towards Czechoslovakia that it showed the strong political from United States of America before second world war which it affected on the all events in Europe , especially after the British inability from the deterrence of German expansion. The United States of America delayed the recognition of the Czechoslovakia government even entered world war II is undoubtedly a clear indication that he was not specific to the United State of America policy towards Czechoslovakia. But that became apparent after the second world war the United States of America began landmarks determine the orientation towards the strengthening and expansion of political , security and economic alliances that bind the United States of America with the other parties , in allowing it to maintain its influence on the superior, and the inclusion of any global role or European secluded about the American role in the future
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موقف الامام الخميني من العلاقات الايرانية - الاسرائيلية والقضية الفلسطينية 1962 - 1982

Author name: ضحى سليم حسين ياسين التميمي
Supervisor name: عماد مكلف عسل البدران
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Imam Khomeini's political movement began in 1962 and with its launch. Which faced the shah Mohammad Re 20 Pahlavi and his interior arbitrary policy and its relations with Israel and clear in letters of Imam Khomeini which he critici2ed the shah and its relations with Israel and expose the schemes shah towards Islam and issues the task. Including the Palestinian and issues. Which was. Present at every opportunity. Even after victory of the Islamic farina revolution in 1979. Composed the letter of introduction and preface, three chapters and conclusion to ensure the boot historical overview of the positions of the positions of farina clerics toward the freely - Iranian relation and Palestinian cause from 1937 - to 1962. Studied in the First chapter of Imam Khomeini's position through his speeches for Israeli - farina relations and the Palestinian cause from 1973 I discussed in the second chapter Imam Khomeini's speeches between October war in 1973 and the camp - avid Accords in 1978. Khomeini has called for support of his speeches across the Arab states in its war against Israel and to refrain from holding any peace treaty with Israel.And we have dedicated to the separation of the third chapter to study the effect of the success of the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979 on the Palestinian issue and relations with Israel and clear in this chapter Imam Khomeini's position on the signing of the comb - David Accords between Egypt and Israel in march 26 of the same ear and the proclamation of Jerusalem as the world day to support the Palestinian cause and made it clear the Khomeini's position of the Israel invasion of Lebanon in 1982 and directed by the Palestinian resistance from Lebanon.Conclusion included the overall finding of the researcher through the information's in my letter
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فلسفة الاختيار عند الانبياء عليهم السلام == Philosophy Of Choice Of Profits ( Peace Upon Them)

Author name: ذكرى عواد ياسر
Supervisor name: حميد سراج جابر الاسدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This subject is taking care in the study of Philosophy or causes "The Philosophy of choice at the prophets "peace upon them ". The study is not for all choices at the prophets but only interested in part of these choices specifically the special choices. the sudden choices that effects and echoes not just in the time when they are occurs and happen but , also, for the future times and places , the choices that have impact and results. Our attention is on the choices at the prophets outside the divine commands of Alah " the God". Thus this thesis came out containing an introduction and for chapters and four chapters and conclusion. The introduction includes the concept of choices and its relation to the selection of the prophets and their preservation. The four chapters are follows : In chapter one include the title of the Philosophy of the qualified personal and their address of time and place. In chapter two include the study of the Philosophy of immense strategic, dimension and persuasive reasoning in time and place of choices. In chapter three include the social Philosophy and moral deterrent. In chapter four include the statement of Philosophy of evidence and in choices ideological and social logic
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النبي ادم : دراسة تاريخية في ضوء الايات القرانية == The Prophet Adam, Peace Be Upon Him Historical Study In The Light Of The Quranic Verses

Author name: حسن ثاجب الركابي
Supervisor name: علي صالح رسن المحمداوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Ancient History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The study of the lives of the prophets daunting for the researcher because of foot eras, and the lack of information about their age, and what happened in the events as well as the lack of competent older studies archeology about the news received from the prophets, and the dependence on novels news, and to afflict some of the myths and Israeli, and what happened of forgery of some historical facts in the process of some prophets multiple motives, some of the reasons social, ethnic, political or religious, and others..Use the Quran different methods, to get to Maevkr by humans of faith and life issues, was among those methods is the narrative method, which Anmaz being integrated literary style because it is from God. It is the most beautiful of the contents topics Koran wonderful stories that talk about the progress of the prophets and apostles and told God that their stories are the best stories, they are stories right, and not just for fun and enjoy, but it is to achieve scientific and intellectual goals, and educational and advocacy. All this was an incentive to study their stories to make peace in the Holy Qur'an, the choice fell on the story of the Prophet Adam, peace be upon him, it is the story of humanity as a whole, and the study was titled (Prophet Adam, peace be upon him in the Koran). So it was this subject need a scientific study based on the Koran and the correct Sunnah which are consistent with the Qur'an and do not conflict with him, all of my predecessors in writing all aspects did not address as stated in verses stones, was agreed with Dr. supervisor on this topic, take title appropriate for him after extensive discussion, is worth mentioning that some stated in this study is not Koranic verses as they constitute the core of the research sample, relying to some proper conversations approval of the Quran and the mind to analyze and explain the verses.The research plan : Has adopted where the substantive division, Vksmt search into four chapters : First, the conditions of the family, and this chapter has the meaning and derivation of the name of peace, as well as his descendants and Wife, and the story of Cain and Abel friendly mentioned in the Koran, and the issue of nuclear proliferation.II : creation and succession, eat this chapter phases created peace be upon him and the purpose of it and some of the physical attributes, as well as Astkhalafah in the ground, and the nature of the succession, and the position of the angels, including.Third : honor, eating his prophecy peace be upon him, and his knowledge of names and their meanings and content, as well as the angels prostrating to him, and what this prostration and Hakikth.IV : troubled in Paradise, and eat it divine live in paradise and wisdom, and place, and wills and pledges divine Adam, roads followed by the devil to get him out of heaven, as well as a statement of sin and justified, and repentance and their causes and meaning of real.Difficulties : Which I encountered during writing, including : 1 - similarities and redundancy in the Quranic verses, for example, Sura 34 where almost from Surat norms : 11 - 12, and Al - Isra : 61, and the Cave : 50, and content prostrate to Adam, peace be upon him, as well as Al - Baqarah : 35 - like Surat norms : 19, and content of Adam lived in paradise, and other verses that Aasana to mention. 2 - Israeli abounded in the books of interpretation, and different views of the commentators both by his doctrine, and limiting the senior commentators in their interpretation on the meaning of the words, which made us late Nltgi to interpreters to understand the Quranic verses, and infinite views and statement probably. 3 - The lack of Quranic texts to some of the issues which can not be dispensed with in this study, as a matter of creating Eve, Atomic and reproduction, and the language of Adam, and some physical attributes. In spite of this, but we Alsaab and the grace of God first, and the efforts of Dr. supervisor Secondly I managed to overcome them, and if there is a failure in some detective they were not deliberate, this is all we ca
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قيام صلاة الجمعة في العراق في عهد المرجع الديني محمد محمد صادق الصدر 1997 - 1999م : دراسة تاريخية

Author name: عبد النبي جاسم بتور الحلفي
Supervisor name: عماد مكلف عسل البدران
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study attempts to shed light on Friday prayer in the era of the religious authority of Mohammed Mohammed Sadeq al - Sadr (1997 - 1999), searching the reasons of this prayer and how Mr. Muhammad al - Sadr addressed the Friday Fatwa and the events surrounding this prayer and actions taken by the authority to address this prayer, and their effects on Iraqi society.Iraq has summoned the conditions to lead the reform of religious scholars who broke the deadlock Alhuzoi stream and transgressed the limits of the pious exaggerated and enjoyed the ability to employ modern and contemporary ideas and devise solutions jurisprudence.Here, this reform embodies the emergence of the modern renaissance revolutionary line starting renaissance. First Martyr Mohammed Baqir al - Sadr, who founded to reject the injustice of power and urgency to reform society and Revolution for the creation of a generation that believes the message of heaven and justice of God and met this direction great strength dictatorship of the policy of Saddam Hussein's regime who took over the power 1979. This new challenge put the estate and scientists on the road to irreversible. The leadership of the nation overcomed the downturn hit and it goes away from the values of Islam and the submissiveness and undergo policy authority gagged the mouths and constrained freedoms and plunged believers in prison and began executions, especially after the execution of Mr. Mohammed Baqir al - Sadr in 1980. However the estate did not turn inward, but was an incubator for reformers despite the presence of another line only Anicol Bmhadna power but continue to pious approach because of the strength of power and tyranny, but the appearance of a person reference Mohammed Mohammed Sadeq al - Sadr may point to the beginning of a new phase. the tool and device of this new phase wastransformative prayer that Friday obligatory broken with the Shiites in Iraq, and the bilateral walked two parallel tracks and cleared the revival of this obligatory reference and leadership that brought enhance and strengthen the role of the estate in the community through the Friday platform.The actors in this project, was selected in 1997, the beginning of a research topic in order to establish the first prayer in this year, and was named the 1999 end of the research, because it was the year in which the reference Mohammed al - Sadr died and ended with his death Friday prayers in Kufa mosque and stayed in some provinces began several uprisings. The reaction against the authority, which is another stage of the contemporary history of Iraq, where totally ended any bond between the people and the power Baathist spacing between them has increased people became in hand and power in the other hand, putting the nation on the road to claim the application of social justice and striving to get rid of repression Saddam and the establishment of a new system of access to the application of the provisions of Islamic Sharia, and become fans consider the conflict with Saddam Hussein, the United States as a conflict between the oppressor and women and as a result people with him did not stand in this conflict, precipitating downfall in 2003.
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نشاط الحزب الشيوعي في جنوب العراق 1935 - 1958 : دراسة تاريخية == The Communist Party In Southern Iraq 1935 - 1858 (Basra , Almentefiq And Al - Emara) (Historical Study)

Author name: صباح جايد جاسم عرمان الوائلي
Supervisor name: اميرة رشك لعيبي الزبيدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Characterized by political parties in Iraq for the period of 1935 - 1958 in their positions in terms of the impact of her political events, including the rebel tribes movement coup Bakr Sidqi and movement of Higher Rashid al - Kilani and labor strikes and peasant in southern Iraq and the views of its leaders and the position of party newspapers including, for Mleetmta history of modern and contemporary of the multiplicity of Iraq political and intellectual trends that have emerged in Iraq, which expressed itself as political parties continued to practice political activity and took the bug themselves intellectual awareness in the leadership of the masses in order to struggle as part of a national movement.The study of any of the Communist Party in Iraq and unreliable biography by his leadership or in the formation of the first seed but depends on the precise description of any Tater environment on the party and how the internal system of the party agreement and objectives with the environment in which he appeared in the Communist Party came one as one of the political parties in Iraq witnessed by the history of modern Iraq, the Communist Party has been counted as one of the effective Iraqi parties and had an influential role in the Iraqi arena and in particular he carries the banner for the defense of the working class Aomaytaleg in the literature of the toilers Awalbroolttiaraa, but this Flajb Vantoy under his banner and led at the beginning of the founding of Aad cells of sons including those working classes of workers and peasants, as well as Aln was the Communist Party's positions on national and regional issues 0Highlighted messege light on the subject for this message of what is owned by the party from the date of Tzal and the multiplicity of its activities being did not address the domestic side, and the most prominent books by the Communists, who Ngado a lot of negatives or from opponents who Tamdo criticism and abuse of the party right and the right answer for many of these questions can be found in the message. Subject of the message of the Communist Party in South presentation Aq (1935 - 1958) as a subject not taught study a local previously and how formed cells in Basra, southern Iraq and Almentvk and architecture and how it reaches Yusuf Salman Yusuf Fahd of establishing Guy brigades cells South and work on linking South cells cells Baghdad during Phase Iraq, which witnessed the great political events overthrow of the monarchy in Iraq and the establishment of a republican system and the Communist Party in southern Iraq, where the leading and effective role and can not blur the features of those events.Included a letter introduction and a conclusion and Dahrt fraught with four chapters The first chapter discusses the crystallization of socialist thought and Platform for Action by building cells in the south with belonging to the party, configure socialist cells in Baghdad and stage founding socialist cells in Basra and the formation of socialist cells in Almentvk and composition of the Socialist cells in the brigade architecture.Highlighted the second chapter highlights the new phase of the history of the founding of the Communist Party in the south of Iraq in Basra and Almentvk architecture political Early and intellectual activity in which Yusuf Salman Yusuf Fahd took the active role of the Communist Party in Antgadh Suq in the brigade Almentvk in 1935 causes and events, results and position of the Communist Party in the south of the Bakr Sidqi coup and the formation of the Ministry Hikmat Sulayman and result Zguet Yusuf Salman Yusuf and prosecuted by the authorities Aztr travel to Moscow for the purpose of study and variability response Communist Party did in the south of the May movement in 1941 and the difficulty in that stage of not less difficult than its predecessor through exposure Party Communist in the south to the prosecution governing authority in the south and the arrest of the party's leadership and incarcerations Then came the defections numerous ranks phase which alone by Abdullah Masoud Quraini as well as deprivation of citizenship of the most prominent leaders and despite the lack of vacation to work public so exercised by the Communist Party of covert action names Different is no secret that the period which saw its leaders leading to arrest and foot on the execution of a number of them at the beginning of February 1949, which hit Mae Communist Party in the south, although the Communist Party took the leadership in the south but they were not to have the capacity TC to face the governing authority which resorted power to the closing of many of them and thrown them in jail and try to rein in the party and minimize his role in those positions which for in backing by the member states Alcolmntron communist parties, which was held in 1954, and was the most prominent guests of the Iraqi Communist Party.The third chapter dealt with strikes and uprisings unions and peasant in the south was for labor strikes in the District of Basra, an important role in 1951 and strike the Basra oil company workers in 1952 and the uprising of the Frreis 1951 in the District of Alaamarh and the position of the Communist Party in the south of them, and it was the role of the Communist Party, which in the uprising The Zerg in 1953 and shows the extent of the role of the Communist Party, which in spite of the pressures and prosecutions and Alaatqa lattes by the authority, which protect against the sails of the party in the South to expand its activities.The fourth chapter has focused on the study of Alhzbmn political, economic and social issues, the position has included the first part, the Baghdad Pact in 1955 and the position of rejecting his party and the uprising in favor of tripartite aggression against Egypt in October 1956, and the form of the party with the strength other national alliance establishment Jebbeh National to contest the parliamentary elections and several The Communist Party in the south alignment nationally by the National Union Front to face the governing authority in Iraq Aamta and south as especially either economically deteriorate agrarian reform and oil policy monopoly law in Iraq and the deterioration of industry and labor migration from the countryside to the city and the position of the party, including the Lama of social issues in terms of the division of society the layers and the deterioration of education and the deteriorating health situation which led to the outbreak of diseases in Iraq
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بريطانيا وايرلندا الحرة : دراسة في العلاقات السياسية 1939 - 1945 == Britain And Free Ireland A Study In Political Relations 1939 - 1945

Author name: يوسف طه حسين القريشي
Supervisor name: فرقد عباس قاسم المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This dissertation aims at making the Arabs and researchers realize the major aspects of the British - Irish relations in most dangerous period, the Second World War. This study follows up the reasons behind the Irish state refusing of the British demands of the military facilities, especially the using of the Irish ports as well. Moreover, the study discusses the nature of political relations between Britain and Ireland during the Second World War and its effects on war.The study begin in 1939,because it is the year that witnessed the outbreak of the Second World War and at end in 1945 in which Hitler’s defeating in Europe. The study falls into an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter the researcher sheds light on historical background of the British - Irish relations. This chapter focuses on the British occupation of Ireland from early time and the political developments of the relations between Britain and Ireland since the Irish independence up to September 1939.In the second chapter the researcher studies the British - Irish relations from the outbreak of the Second World War up to 1941.The researcher focuses on the Irish attitude towards the military developments of war since early time up to U.S.A. declaration of war against the Aix powers, the British efforts to get the military facilities from Ireland, and follows up the reasons behind the Irish state to refuse the British demands.The chapter three devoted to discuss the international developments and its results on the British - Irish relations from 1942 up to 1943.The researcher focuses on the U.S.A. efforts to improve the British - Irish relations, the Irish reactions on the landing of the American troops on the north Ireland, and the Irish resistance of the Allied demands of the putting up the propaganda and spy of the Aix powers in Ireland. Finally, this chapter deals with the Welch’s visiting to London and its effects on the British - Irish relations. The last chapter devotes to deal with the continuance of the British demands from 1943 up to 1945.The researcher tries to discuss the Irish resistance of the British demands on dismissing of the Aix diplomats from Ireland, the Irish attitude towards the last developments of war, the British demands not to grant asylum to war criminals of the Aix powers, and its demands to hand over the German detainees in Ireland.As for the conclusion, it is as a summary of the most important results that the researcher arrived it
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المشروع الالهي في الخلافة والسقيفة == The Goddess Project In Al Khilafah And Saqeefah

Author name: جاسم حسن جابر الموسوي
Supervisor name: مصطفى جواد عباس
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: A viewer to the reality of the Islamic nation may notice the high level of problems that aggravate and statuses that decline till reaching the killing of its people to each others; giving themselves the right to shed the blood of others using justifications that are unauthenticated by any other law or convention on Earth. Being distracted and servile to their enemies and using fake fatwa, they claim the victims to be unbelievers. Despite the fact that the Islamic nation possesses the factors of strength and the bases of development on the level of human resources, wealth, geography, history, religious and knowledge system; there is a fundamental case and a central problem that makes it unable to arise and proceed. This problem is the main reason for all what the nation suffers and it is inculcated in the conscience and existence of the nation. It is the dispute that busied the nation and made it feeble to overpass to deal with any other problem till it rotted all its structure and killed it. From the depths of suffering, arise the visions and cures through the unification of standards to reach some satisfactory results. From here comes the causes and objectives of this study as an abstract, daring and objective refinement to the reasons of the fundamental dispute in the history of the Islamic nation, its present and future. The dispute is represented by the incident of 'Al Saqeefah' along with the regimes it established, and the associations and shades it provided which had its influences and effects up to date.The researcher worked on the unification of the research approach between the two disputed parties through what is agreed upon from what is said, done and authorized by Prophet Mohammed (Allah blessings upon him and his A'll) along with the sound Soras of the Holy Quran for the purpose of standards unification and accept what agrees with them and reject what disagrees. The purpose here is to stay in line with the goddess project and not to give the judgmental projects a corona of holiness to show them in different pictures rather than their real pictures or to take them as religions and cut off any thought contradicting them. The researcher uses the analytic method for narrations and the accumulation of evidences for the incidents and subjects along with debate and conclusion. The researcher proposed his subject in three chapters; chapter one entitled 'The goddess project for the human being… its dimensions and goals; chapter two entitled 'Events pre - Saqeefah that is attached to Al Saqeefah incident' and finally the third chapter entitled 'The event of the martyr of Prophet Mohammad (Allah blessings upon him and his A'll) and the events of Al Saqeefah. The researcher concluded that the event of Al Saqeefah is a judgmental project that did not go the same direction as the goddess project and did not follow the parameters of the goddess project. On the contrary, it established new visions that are different from the visions of the goddess project and did not follow the goddess method through the separation between the Holy Quran and 'Al Etrah'; the two factors recommended by prophet Mohammad to grasp them tightly according to the collective viewpoint of the Islamic nation. Furthermore, the event of Al Saqeefah did not establish a clear - cut methodology in terms of politics and authority neither in economy. Every Khalifa has his own judgment which was different than his antecessor's till eventually we reached to an armed conflict amongst the comrades. The conflict developed with the feed of the political and financial authority of governors. Consequently the nations divided into different nations and parties and into different intellectual and sectarian schools clashing and considering the results of Al Saqeefah a red unapproachable line, despite the fact it is merely a judgment of the mistaken or a mistake of a judging entity, which is void of any legal document or any attribute from the Holy Quran or Sunnah. It was merely a claim that Quraish has made a choice which is a good one! So, let us take what is agreed upon and work on it and forget about our disputes and let us forgive each other because we cannot make any step forward unless being unified.
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الثورة المكسيكية 1910 - 1940 : دراسة تاريخية == The Mexican Revolution 1910 - 1940 Historical Study

Author name: عقيل جعيز شمخي السهلاني
Supervisor name: ابراهيم فنجان صدام الامارة
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Did not receive historical and political issues for countries the Americas interest academic studies in Iraq, except for the study of the history of the United States and positions on many issues around the world, to the United States from a broad relationships global position as a major country, so it remained date the Americas states unknown is not addressed to him only through the study of European history since the start of the geographical statements, because of the political weight of Europe in that era, and the strength of the ruling European households able to roots date manufactured in the Americas, and stuck to the lead in writing and drafted in accordance with the historical and the European political perspective. Given the changing political situation in the Americas as a result of the liberation movements of European colonialism, especially after the American War of Independence in 1776, linked the peoples of the Americas Association of law, citizenship and belonging and state sovereignty in a new way. This has resulted in all the new events and new variables from which emerged the new date as part independently of European history, and it became necessary to study the history completely independent way from what it was before independence. It is fitting that academic studies trending in Iraq toward areas and historical issues that has not received sufficient attention commensurate historical value new perspective, emphasizes the study of circumstances and experiences of these countries and the size of the similarity between them and the Arab states in the tragedy of division and retail inherited Arab and American countries of European colonization, including where Iraq. Before that democracy achieved in many American states, had to pass through several stages of the struggle, succeeded in some of them, and failed in others, but the struggle for democracy has never abated, it has witnessed the Americas in the early twentieth century revolutions several In order to achieve democracy was the most important subject of the study of the Mexican Revolution. The importance of this revolution back to several reasons, not necessarily called for the study was the most important. Historical extension of the revolution, because the revolution was the outcome of political and social developments and serious economic passed out of Mexico since the Spanish occupation in 1519 have until the fall of dictatorship under Broferrio Diaz in 1910 at the hands of Francisco Madero. That era that changed the moral concepts of the social level, and made Mexico ample vast American intervention at the political level, a cheap commodity and foreign investment in the market at the economic level. The Revolution the lead in advocating the values of socialism worldwide and the first missionary out, as it was the first revolution in the twentieth century has inspired a lot of American States freedom and independence, thus this would be a major historical turning point towards global socialism that has taken root quite the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and its ideology of Marxism in 1917, but the revolution in Mexico has not received as much attention is given to the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. The reason for this is the different ideological visions between the two revolutions, and the export of socialist principles mechanism for other countries, Russia has worked on the export of the socialist doctrine of the world, and Mexico provided only in the framework of American States. The length of time it took the Revolution, which lasted forty years, in which he expressed a continuing insistence of the Mexican people to aspire to freedom and to the establishment of a civil state based on democratic institutions. Mexico also saw a succession in which many governments because of the large number of political conflicts and growing competition in the access to the top of the pyramid of government in the state, as well as changes in the political arena of uprisings and rebellions and counter - revolutions. Permanent political conflict between Mexico and the United States because of the border overlap between the two countries, and the continuation of hatred between the two peoples, because remnants of the Mexican - American War 1846 - 1848, which manifested itself what is known as (b waiver Mexican) all from Texas, Florida and Chrinland to the United States, as well as US concerns Mexico from being sucked toward the socialist bloc led by the Soviet Union in the framework of the World Socialist capitalist race. The class struggle, who grew up under the dictatorship of Diaz, whose impact on the overall social relations in Mexico, which split the Mexican community and the jurisprudence of the two categories of workers, farmers, and gave rise to a lot of uprisings and revolts and strikes led to the result of dismembering the society which form difficult to contain conflicting attitudes in under the Mexican Revolution. So a lot of those so - revolution social revolution. Revolution split into two phases, the first armed struggle involved and spread within the period 1910 - 1920, the second is the stage of the reconstruction of Mexico from 1920 to 1940. And the size of the political challenges faced in the context of those eras. The aim of the study is to show the importance of this revolution, and the analysis of the roles that passed out politically, socially and economically, which crossed the whole for (unanimously for the birth of Mexico current), as well as the desire that this study be suitable to understand a lot of problems that are related to American history away ground import perceptions of Western literature and studies. Besides contributing to fill the vacuum in the Iraqi libraries studying this historic area. Was chosen in 1910, the beginning of the subject, because it is the year that was sparked by the revolution at the hands of Francisco Madero, and fell by the Government Breviro Diaz after thirty - four years of dictatorial rule passage, and your search is over in 1940 after the end of Cardenas rule which put an end to the end of the revolution, so Btamima Mexican oil and apply it the Law of Agrarian Reform and lay Constitution, which was founded on the jurisprudence of the modern Republic of Mexico and the handover of the National Revolutionary Party, which lasted for the next sixty years
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سياسة الولايات المتحدة الاميركية تجاه الهند (1964 - 1972) == United State Of America Policy Toward India (1964 - 1972)

Author name: حيدر عبد العالي جبر
Supervisor name: كاظم هيلان محسن السهلاني
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على اشرف الخلق اجمعين محمد المصطفى واله الطيبين الطاهرين......اما بعد...فان دراسة السياسة الخارجية الاميركية تحظى باهمية كبيرة في التاريخ الدولي المعاصر؛ لان فهم تلك السياسة اصبح ضرورة ملحة؛ نظرا لكونها تشكل القطب | The study tries to study an important topic which is related to the international relation ,more specifically it is American - Indian relations. After Indian gained its independence in 1947, it endeavored to build her bases foreign policy to ensure its independence and to prevent itself from any external interference detrimental, especially after the beginning of the cold war between to main poles United States and Soviet Union.In that period the events an any place of the world had affected by this relation between tow poles in way or Another the cold war synchronized within India's independence, so it endeavored to keep its independence by following neutrality policy. Then talk about the thesis of American - Indian relations in the era of President Nixon and Johnson during the period 1964 - 1972oukd Tenth three ministers and heads of Indians are Jawaharlal Nehru، Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi varied according to the United Alaqtbalolayat international circumstances and the problems faced by India.The study divided the five chapters and an introduction and a conclusion, with supplements, and the first chapter titled stages of the American political evolution, and was divided into two sections presidents first dealt with the concept of foreign policy of the United States to recognize the historical context of the concept, while the second section focused on the mechanisms American political decision - making. As for the second chapter, which came titled US policy toward India 1947 - 1964 he served as an introductory chapter indispensable gives a clear and focused on US policy for the period that preceded the duration of the study image, has been divided into four topics Head first section dealt with the strategic importance of India for US policy, while highlighted the second section highlights the Indian - American political relations, has been highlighted and adequately on the nature of those relationships during the Eisenhower and Kennedy, while singled out the third section of the policy of the United States economic toward India, and in this study were addressed this aspect something detail; to understand its importance in American policy tools. The fourth section, which dealt with the position of the United States towards the Indian foreign conflicts, this section included three axes Axis I touched on US policy toward India - Pakistan conflict over Kashmir state, indicating the most prominent positions Washington from that conflict and the other Axis Turning to the US position on the Sino - Indian war in 1962, which saw the US support and clear the Indian side and the third axis focused on the United States 'position in the Indian conflict - Portuguese on "Goa" region (Goa) 1961, highlighting the United States' position from that conflict and its reflection on the US - India relations. While the Third chapter focused on political Johnson to internal developments in India 1964 - 1968 This chapter section on the three sections Head as eating the first part, the Johnson administration's position on the pay Shastri - Andrigandhi prime minister of India, and in this section the focus was to see the position of Washington political changes after the death of Nehru, and how to deal with these variables, while the second section focused on Johnson's policy toward Indian food crisis of 1965 - 1967, and finally focused on the position of the third section of the Johnson administration to developments in the Indian nuclear file 1964 - 1968. While highlighted in the fourth chapter on the attitudes of mutual countries towards key issues such as the Indian armament issues that separated in the first section of this chapter, and devoted the second topic to talk about the Indian position on the Vietnam issue and its impact on their relationship with the United States, while the third section focused on US position from the second Kashmir war in 1965. The final chapter has focused on Nixon's policy towards India 1969 - 1972 has been divided into four first Investigation eat the nature of American - Indian relations during the period above, while the second topic of Indian - Soviet relations and their impact on US relations, and the third on the Nixon administration's position on the repercussions Bengali crisis and, finally, the fourth section focused on the US position of the outbreak of the 1971 India - Pakistan war.The study was based on a number of diverse sources, which published documents formed the basic source material for scientific material, these documents have supported the basic references, by people who were directly related to the events.Finally, I hope that I have been successful in my modest knowledge of the extent commensurate with the subject of the study, and it may be that I have been able to prepare an academic study draws in that period of American policy toward India landmarks.
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مشكلة المان السوديتفي تشيكوسلوفاكيا 1938 - 1946 == Sudeten Germans Problem In Czechoslovakia 1938 - 1946

Author name: علي عبود محمد
Supervisor name: فرقد عباس قاسم المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This research dealt with the problem of Sudeten Germans in Czechoslovakia from the conference of Munich of 1938 up to 1946. This topic is very important. This research divided into introduction, preface, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction dealt with the historical background of the Sudeten Germans - Czech relations from early times up to September 1938.The first chapter focused on the conference of Munich of 1938 and its effects on the Sudeten Germans problem, establishment of the second state of Czechoslovakia, the attitude of Sudeten Germans towards the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939,the Czech political efforts in exile to get a recognition of the great powers of the Czech new state in exile, and their efforts to persuade the Great powers to deportation of Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovakia after the end of war. The Second chapter discussed the problem of Student Germans from March 1945 up to May 1945.This chapter explained the liberation of Czechoslovakia by Soviet and American troops, and its effects on the Sudeten Germans in Czechoslovakia. The chapter dealt with the attitude of new Czech state towards the Sudeten Germans during this period. The third chapter discussed the problem of Sudeten Germans from June 1945 up to 1946.This period witnessed operations of deportation of Sudeten Germans by Czech peoples and government. The chapter dealt with the Potsdam conference and its effects on the Sudeten Germans
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قاعدة ويلس واثرها في العلاقات الامريكية الليبية 1951 - 1970 == Wheelus Military Base And Its Effect Upon Libyan American Relations 1951 - 1970

Author name: اكرام حسن كامل الكعبي
Supervisor name: ابراهيم فنجان صدام الامارة
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Wheelus Military Base and its Effect upon Libyan - American Relations 1951 - 1970.The Wheelus Military base has been considered as one of the most important bases in the American strategic considerations since its location has a strategic importance relative to other American bases in the Middle East and Europe. Further, this base has enjoyed increasing significance in respect to the rising tension between the United States and Soviet Union during the cold war. Accordingly, Keeping the presence of American power in that base has taken an essential domain in its policy towards Libya in particular and the Middle East in general. Thus, this work is conducted for an attempt to shed light on the importance of this base in exposing the relations between America and Libya and showing its impact on the region where Al - Nasitisin and its national trend have been rising clearly and it has affected Arabic public opinion supported by the Soviet Union. The thesis is choosing 1951 as a starting point for discussion since this period declared Libyan Independence and it made a pact with the United States focusing on managing the American presence in that base. In addition, 1970 is considered the end of the period being argued in this work for it represents the American withdrawal from the base.The work consists of an introduction, preliminaries and four chapters besides a conclusion. In the preliminaries, the Italia occupation against Libya in 1911 is preliminaries, the Italia occupation against Libya in 1911 is presented and discussed. That occupation had established an airport in 1923 near Trebles sued for repressing the public resistance, and how this airport became the American control during the Second World War. Also, this chapter includes a discussion about the American interest in this airport after the war and about how America was managing it till 1951 when The United States supported Libyan independence in the United Nations on the basis of holding a pact aiming at its guaranteed existence in the airport which Iately became known as Wheelus Base.The first chapter devoted to explain the Importance of the Base in U.S. - Libyan relations and Its effect in renewal it (1951 - 1954), and the talks that held about it and its renewal in 1954. The second chapter that entitled (the effect of Base in U.S - Libyan relations between 1955 - 1969. We dealt also with the increasing of importance of the Base in close relations between U.S. and Libya 1955 - 1964. We dealt with coolness of U.S. - Libyan relations as well.The third chapter interested in the popular position in Libya towards the Base.We explained the impact on the U.S. - Libyan Relations till 1969. It explained also the impact of Nassir's Speech on foreign bases in Libya, and Its effect in inflammation this situation. The four chapter entitled ((Wheelus Base and the U.S. - Libyin Relations after 1969 Coup detet 1969 - 1970)) concerned with the negotiations between the two parties that led to evacuate the base
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مصلحة الموانئ العراقية 1958 - 1963 : دراسة تاريخية لفعاليات دوائرها وانجازاتها في ضوء مجلة الموانئ == A Historical Study Of The Activities, Achievement And Department Of Iraqiport Corporation From 1958 To 1963 In The Light Of Al - Mawani Magazine

Author name: فادية يعكوب يوسف
Supervisor name: كاظم باقر علي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Iraqi Port Corporation from 1958 to 1963 : A Historical Study The study deals with the activities, achievements and various departments of Iraqi Port Corporation (IPC). The study consists of an introduction and analysis to the references consulted. It sheds light, also, on the magazine which was published by IPC after the revolution of July 14, 1958. The magazine covered the different activities of IPC. Editors specified a peculiar approach from the first day of publication to the cancellation of the magazine after the coup of February 8, 1963. The magazine is considered as an important reference that identifies the achievements of the IPC because it depends on the archive of the corporation which is full of important documents. It was considered as an encyclopedia because it tacked different topic in literature, sport and culture in general. The contributors wrote on different topics as translations of Aramaic poetry and English poetry.Chapter Two tackles the achievements of IPC like salary increase and supplying suitable housing for the employees; Chapter Three covers daywages workers. Those people were not well paid unlike contractors who used to hire them who received the highest charge. Chapter Four deals with the sport achievement of Port Sport Club as the pioneer club in the area. It was responsible for the development of sport activities of IPC and for setting up different types of sport activities especially in football, basketball, volleyball, body building and weight lifting. The study has arrived at some conclusions which can be concluded in the following : 1 - IPC was a British foundation in terms of administration and organization.2 - IPC witnessed remarkable expansion and development from 1915 to 1917 and from 1941 to 1945 due to the world wars. 3 - IPC witnessed a drastic development after the 1958 revolution when General Mizhir Al - Shawi became DG of the corporation. He exerted a remarkable effort to develop IPC. One of his achievements was the layoff of all British employees.4 - IPC provided different services to the employees when General Al - Shawi provided suitable housing to all the staff.5 - Parallel to his achievements at the level, Al - Shawi was keen to develop and improve the reputation of IPC at the international level by providing the beat service to the ships.6 - Platform workers were provided with the best equipment that played a vital role in the development of their work. 7 - Workshops for maintenance were established during the era of Al - Shawi.8 - Sport activities were strongly supported by DG of the corporation at that time Mr. Al - Shawi.
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الملاحة في الانهر العراقية وموقف القبائل العراقية العربية منها 1869 - 1914 == The Navigation In Iraq Rivers And The Position Of The Iraqi Arabian Tribes, From It During 1869 - 1914

Author name: فراس ابراهيم حميد التميمي
Supervisor name: حسين علي المصطفى
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: There is no doubt that God specialized Iraq with many characteristics that are not found at many states. So they followed many rivers and the people took their navigable agriculture and trade roads. Each country had its own geographical position that had its features but the role of that position was dangerous in history such as Iraq. Iraq is away between west and east and it occurred in the center of the Islamic world. Iraq is called as Mesopotamia because of the presence of Tigris and Euphrates, where their presence and the integration of Iraqi man had great role of Iraqi civilization since the ancient times, as well as their use for transporting goods form north of Iraq to the south. The concern startled with divagation in Iraqi rivers arguments since many centuries and this is confirmed by the archaeological waste and old Iraqi blogs. The water ways were the main means to transport people and good for ancient Iraqi people. the reason behind the wide spread of using this means is the presence water wags in Mesopotamia and easiness of using them. Wherever less using of these roads, the rivers wags helped the Iraqi people to use them for many purposes in their military and commercial uses, where information military indicates. most of the military and commercial activities that made by the Iraqi people in that time, they were using ships of their cities like Akd Babylon and Ur, and this is why the Iraqi kings concerned with navigation because of its important role in enhancing their military and capacities since the year 572 BC. The King Nebuchadnezzar had cleared the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and the canals had been built to simplify the navigation in the two rivers and made them good for relive the ships that came from the Arab gulf. The nineteenth - century was a turning point in the history of Iraq in general and in particular the commercial transporting in particular especially the navigation rivers that the age was the early beginning of the commercial transporting in Iraq. This significantly contributed to fulfil the interests in the development of river navigation, and as a result it was enjoyed by Iraqi strategic location between the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Gulf. The incidence transport on the road to India whereby in Iraq during the past third and fourth of the nineteenth century the process of scanning the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and proved those. However, operations validity River Tigris navigation mandate of Med hat Pasha of Iraq being of contributed navigation an important role in the development of economic and social conditions in Iraq, with the opening of the Suez Canal and enter the modern transportation led to the occurrence of significant shifts in the Iraqi economy in the forefront of growth and expansion of the movement of internal and external trade.the navigation in Iraq collapsed with the emergence of some of the new Iraqi cities along the Tigris River in particular.this has been become a being of areas where ships stop river transport companies, such as the castle town Salah and other cities. the importance of navigation in those rivers in Iraq was for Iraqi Tribes dwelling on the banks of rivers attitude no matter which was Petard hatha continuing on vessels operating in the collapsed The terms were behind those exposures are a number of reasons it was the first of the policy by the Ottoman authorities so those tribes started to make exposure to commercial vessels as it has taken this technique as a tool. pressure on the Ottoman authorities for the purpose of reconsidering its policy direction of the clans, or use Britain as a tool to pressure the government of the Ottoman when they are on British ships, was also one of the reasons the ongoing conflicts between the tribes themselves, so the authorities tried to Ottoman and British all means to gain the trust of the elders clan or resort to force if necessary to end the exposures clan and punished.
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الصراع الاندونيسي - الماليزي 1962 - 1966 == The Indonesian - Malaysian Conflict 1962 - 1966

Author name: فاطمة جاسم محمد الخزاعي
Supervisor name: كاظم هيلان محسن السهلاني
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present thesis deals with a fundamental historical topic represented in the Indonesian - Malaysian conflict 1962 - 1966. The researcher has made a careful approach and offered an objective diagnosis of the main causes and consequences of such conflict. The choice of this topic was motivated by the regional importance of the area which Indonesia and Malaysia occupy in Asia itself and for the international interests. The present research endeavored to identify how the confrontation was originated and developed. Sabah and Sarawak islands were the centre of the confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia and the underlying conflict between the Socialism - Imperialism cold in south - east Asia. The significance of the time duration is justified by the fact that 1962 represents the announcement of the Malaysian Union which includes Malayan Union, Singapore, Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak. In addition to this, 1962 was the year in which the Indonesian Opposition was formed to counteract the union. On the other end, 1966 was the end date for such conflict upon signing a peace treaty between Indonesia and Malaysia after Sukarno was dethroned and the coming of Suharto to the deck. Indonesia recognized Sabah and Sarawak islands as Malaysian territory. The present thesis was structured purposefully as follows : The introductory chapter encapsulated a brief introduction on the main topic, the reason of the choice of the topic, the methodology of the research and a brief analysis of the available references. This chapter also presents the reader with a geographical analysis of the south - east Asia , especially Indonesia and Malaysia. It also traces the nature of the historical relations between the Malaysian states and Indonesia as well as the Indonesian - Malawian relations prior to the formation of the Malaysian Union between (1945 - 1961). Chapter 2 elaborates on the efforts being undertaken in forming the Malaysian Union in addition to the opposition of Brunei Sultanate in 1962. Chapter 3 came to enunciate a comprehensive definition for the Confrontation Policy in and Malaysian Union formation in 1963. There were various reactions towards the formation of such union at the international level. This chapter explores the steps of the Malaysian union in the 16th of July, 1963 and the regional positions towards it. Chapter 4 is dedicated to develop a clear perspective on the position held by the United States towards the Indonesian - Malaysian conflict in 1964. Chapter 5 underlines the separation of Malaysia and the Indonesian - Malaysian relations during the period between 1965 - 1966. The present study came up with a number of conclusions and suggestions for further research projects to take the subject matter further on the reason why Indonesia failed to prevent the formation of the Malaysian union despite its opposition and the military conflict which last for 4 years
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السيدة فاطمة المعصومة عليها السلام : دراسة تاريخية

Author name: نازك نعيم عبد الحسن البهادلي
Supervisor name: نزار عزيز حبيب الخاقاني
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The research has tackled her majesty - alsayda Fatima Almasomma - from a historical point of view. Actually it likes any biography belongs The Prophet Mohammad 's Family since it necessarily illustrates a part of The Islamic Message and the pure religion of Mohammad. The importance of this research comes from it has tackled the life of a lady had a respected place among the Prophet 's sons. It is Alsayda Fatima Almasomma - the daughter of The Imam Mose Ibn Jaffar Alkadhim ( peace be on them ) and a sister to Imam Ali Aladha ( peace on him). The significance of this lady comes also from the fact that she represents an evidence for the Abassian tyranny against The Ali race and especially against the thought which represented the leadership. This tyranny which started fristy from the Imam himself and his close relatives and lastly to further person believed in this thought even if. It seemed suitable to divide the research plan into four chapters , an end and appendixes , the first chapter contains four search focus in which we have tackled the family race of alsayda Masomma , her name , sure name and the titles she had acquired because these topics has got many signs to ensure the high position she were in among The Ali Family. In the second chapter , we have searched the social affair. It composed of two parts - one to explain the social position and about Masomma 's brother who had been rejected as well as those who had been highly appreciated depends on the sure tales which were narrated on the leaders (imams) while the other is signified for the position of Alsayda Mosomma and what she acquired of care by the leader recommended (Almasomain ). The search is also tackled why she was unmarried. The third chapter has tackled the scientific position for Alsayda Mosomma. It contains three points of view - one searched on the woman and the tales narration , it also explained the condition which had affected on the woman tales narration. while the second studied Mosomma and the science , the tales she has told and spread by the narration schools on several Islmic doctrines. the latter is focused on the studing of Alsayda Mosomma in the tale and man (biographical)books.. The fourth chapter has tackled the political events that Alsayda Mosomma lived in. It composed of two parts - one tackled The Alwain emigration and explained its reasons and results , the other studied the emigration of Alsayda Mosommato Khorasan and the reasons which made her leave Almadadiana and went to Persia , her arrival to Qoom city and her highly explained the glorious place she is in
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روايات دلائل النبوة قبل البعثة : دراسة تحليلية نقدية == Tales Of Prophecy Evidence Before The Mission An Analytic Critical Study

Author name: اكرم سعود حاجم
Supervisor name: علـي غانم جثير
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The directories ( evidences) of the prophecy of the Prophet Muhammad (Allah’s blessing and peace be on him and his family) took an important space at the books of biography, We almost find them in all sources. But some scientists like Al - termthi , Bayhaqi , Abi Naim and al - Mawardi and others, have classified private books about the subject, named Indications (Dalaa’l ) or Flags of prophecy (A’laam Al - neboua’) - Discussed those particular directories - most of these books had just listed those recitals randomly without analysis or verification of authenticity. Their main task was to collect and save what was stated in the effects, and the ways in which and through it the recital had arrived, they sent us the historical material as raw material, leaving the task of investigation, analysis and investigation to the historians who come after them. We notice that these directories came into two sections : the first section of which was before the mission ( the Prophet’s mission),The second section was then ( after the mission ), and here we are to study the first section which relates to what it was before the mission ,to focus and highlight on the basics and the possibility of occurrence. In the most recitals about the Prophet's life before the mission was generally little , compared to what is stated for his life later. They talk about the long intervals of his life , but did not hear what was between - his birth to the revelation ( The Divine inspiration) - only a small fraction, and was what it relates of indications ,and much has been classified under this Title - The indications of the prophecy - have combined under a lot of news and stories that need to be screening to know and distinguish the strong or correct recitals from the weak or wrong recitals in the statement of the biography of the most important and the greatest man in history. The work in this research is to examine what came in the recitals about the indications of prophecy before the mission from different aspects, and trial the recitals that fall under this heading to what is in our hands from supporters or opposition, hoping to reach the result produced convincing us the results of this study.This search contained an introduction , three chapters and a conclusion. In Introduction we explain the importance of studying the Prophet's life and the nature of knowing its historical sources, which recitals have listed without analysis or merely simple comments do not fit the importance of the subject.Especially those which related to indications of prophecy before the mission, and then explained the way in which we will deal with recitals. After this Introduction , the first chapter ( Al - Bisharaat), in it we have begun to determine the topic of the research and then we divide it into three sections : In the first , we discussed the indications to the prophets that another prophet will come ( prophets’ Bisharaat) , while addressing the second part the indications to the people of the book that another prophet will come (people of the book’s Bisharaat) and the third part handled the Arabs monotheists ' Bisharat. The second chapter ( The visions and The predictions of soothsayers) which is also on the two themes : The first topic singled with visions, while the second section dealt with predictions of soothsayers. Chapter three ( The Miracles and AL - irhasaat) , was in two sections ,the first dealt with Miracles that may be were before the prophet’s mission and the second dealt with the Prophet's Miracle ( AL - irhasaat) - . Then we proved in the Conclusion the observations and the results that came out of research on these directories.In all cases, the conclusions of the historical researcher remain just relatively Facts. We ask Allah that we have been successful in the raised and discussed. Praise be to Allah, God of the Worlds
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