Share
الملاحة في الانهر العراقية وموقف القبائل العراقية العربية منها 1869 - 1914 == The Navigation In Iraq Rivers And The Position Of The Iraqi Arabian Tribes, From It During 1869 - 1914
Author name:
فراس ابراهيم حميد التميمي
Supervisor name:
حسين علي المصطفى
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
11T2918 - p.pdf
Abstract:
There is no doubt that God specialized Iraq with many characteristics that are not found at many states. So they followed many rivers and the people took their navigable agriculture and trade roads. Each country had its own geographical position that had its features but the role of that position was dangerous in history such as Iraq. Iraq is away between west and east and it occurred in the center of the Islamic world. Iraq is called as Mesopotamia because of the presence of Tigris and Euphrates, where their presence and the integration of Iraqi man had great role of Iraqi civilization since the ancient times, as well as their use for transporting goods form north of Iraq to the south. The concern startled with divagation in Iraqi rivers arguments since many centuries and this is confirmed by the archaeological waste and old Iraqi blogs. The water ways were the main means to transport people and good for ancient Iraqi people. the reason behind the wide spread of using this means is the presence water wags in Mesopotamia and easiness of using them. Wherever less using of these roads, the rivers wags helped the Iraqi people to use them for many purposes in their military and commercial uses, where information military indicates. most of the military and commercial activities that made by the Iraqi people in that time, they were using ships of their cities like Akd Babylon and Ur, and this is why the Iraqi kings concerned with navigation because of its important role in enhancing their military and capacities since the year 572 BC. The King Nebuchadnezzar had cleared the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and the canals had been built to simplify the navigation in the two rivers and made them good for relive the ships that came from the Arab gulf. The nineteenth - century was a turning point in the history of Iraq in general and in particular the commercial transporting in particular especially the navigation rivers that the age was the early beginning of the commercial transporting in Iraq. This significantly contributed to fulfil the interests in the development of river navigation, and as a result it was enjoyed by Iraqi strategic location between the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Gulf. The incidence transport on the road to India whereby in Iraq during the past third and fourth of the nineteenth century the process of scanning the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and proved those. However, operations validity River Tigris navigation mandate of Med hat Pasha of Iraq being of contributed navigation an important role in the development of economic and social conditions in Iraq, with the opening of the Suez Canal and enter the modern transportation led to the occurrence of significant shifts in the Iraqi economy in the forefront of growth and expansion of the movement of internal and external trade.the navigation in Iraq collapsed with the emergence of some of the new Iraqi cities along the Tigris River in particular.this has been become a being of areas where ships stop river transport companies, such as the castle town Salah and other cities. the importance of navigation in those rivers in Iraq was for Iraqi Tribes dwelling on the banks of rivers attitude no matter which was Petard hatha continuing on vessels operating in the collapsed The terms were behind those exposures are a number of reasons it was the first of the policy by the Ottoman authorities so those tribes started to make exposure to commercial vessels as it has taken this technique as a tool. pressure on the Ottoman authorities for the purpose of reconsidering its policy direction of the clans, or use Britain as a tool to pressure the government of the Ottoman when they are on British ships, was also one of the reasons the ongoing conflicts between the tribes themselves, so the authorities tried to Ottoman and British all means to gain the trust of the elders clan or resort to force if necessary to end the exposures clan and punished.
Summary:
11T2918 - A.pdf
References:
11T2918 - R.pdf
