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التاثيرات النسيجية والدمية والكيموحيوية لفلوريد الصوديوم على بعض اعضاء الجسم في الارانب المحلية == Histological, Haematological And Biochemical Effects of Sodium Fluoride On Some Body Organs of Local Rabbits

Author name: مقداد احمد شهاب

Supervisor name: هاشم محمد عبد الكريم العلاق

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Zoology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: The present study had been carried out to elucidate the toxic effects of sodium fluoride on local rabbit males, this study involved determination of the histological Changes of some organs include (Testes, Liver and Kidney) , moreover study the changes in body weight of the animals and the percentage of organs weight and some blood parameters and biochemistry which include packed cell blood volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (Hb), Total white blood cells, Testosterone hormone, T3, T4 hormones, Glucose concentration, Cholesterol, Urea, Transaminase enzymes and Bilirubin - level in blood. Twenty local adult male rabbits were included this experiment their ages ranged between 10 - 14 months.The animals were treated with oral swallow for 12 weeks. The animals were divided into four groups : control group is treated orally with (0.9%) normal saline; First group was treated orally with 10 mg/kg of body weight sodium fluoride, second group was treated orally with 20 mg/kg of body weight sodium fluoride and third group was treated orally with 30 mg/kg of body weight sodium fluoride. The results of present study showed a significant decreased (P<0.05) in body weight of treated animals with dose of sodium fluoride 20 and 30 mg/kg of body weight, while there is no significant differences in the body weights of treated animals with sodium fluoride dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight when to compared with control group. The percentage of organ weight to body weight showed a significant decrease in testis weights and liver weight, while there was no significant differences in kidney weight in treated group with sodium fluoride when to compared with control group. Concerning histological changes showed a reduction or freezed stages in spermatogenesis processes which timed with decrease in number of primary spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes in addition to infiltration of lymphocytes, also found that NaF cause disorganization, denudation, and reduction in germinal epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules and associated with absence of sperm in the lumina, also showed a decrease in radius of epididymus ducts and decrease in number of sterocilia and decrease number of mature sperms. Histological sections of kidney showed that there was a clear shrinkage of glumeruli.Histological section of kidney of animals that treated with sodium fluoride showed a mild blood vessels congestion, shrinkage in glumeruli, distributed in renal tubules and erode its epithelium with some apoptotic areas. The liver sections appeared appreciable effect with fluoride include dilation in central vein and erode to its epithelium, congestion in hepatic sinusoids with apoptosis and erode to general structure of liver with some of inflammatory cells and death in some cells which lead to erode of typical ray arrangement. Regarding blood parameters the present study showed a significant decrease (P<0.01) in percentage of (PCV) and (Hb) of the animals treated with sodium fluoride, while showed (WBCs) count significant increased compared with control group. Hormonal analysis (Testosterone, T3 and T4) showed a significant decrease, while significant increase of glucose, cholesterol, urea, transaminases enzymes for (AST, ALT) and bilirubin levels. Results obtained from this study and mentioned above may be attributed essentially to that of Naf administration results in sever lesion of male reproductive system wich may be aggravated with increase administration concentration of Naf.

حركية بعض العناصر النزرة في النظام البيئي لنهر الديوانية == Kinetic of Some Trace Elements In The Ecosystem of Al - Diwaniya River

Author name: حيدر مشكور حسين

Supervisor name: باسم يوسف الخفاجي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Environment - Environmental pollution

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: The current study was conducted to understand the Relationship among concentration of selected of trace elements(Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, Lead and Zinc) in some trophic levels, water, and sediments, in Al - Diwaniya River. Samples were collected monthly for water, sediments, plant Phragmites australis (Cav.), phytoplankton, zooplankton, and two species of fish. from May (summer) 2013 up to April(spring) 2014 from three sites in Al - Diwaniya river. The current study included determine some physical and chemical parameters such as air and water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Salinity, Light Penetration, Turbidity, Dissolved oxygen, the Biological Oxygen Demand, Total Organic Carbon of sediment, determined of the soil texture; and some trace elements in abiotic component such as water (dissolved and particulate), and in sediment, and so in biotic component included plant P. australis, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and two species of fish females (Cyprinus carpio) and (Tilapia zilli). The results showed that the air and water temperature ranged between (16.4039.55) ?C; (11.42 - 30.57) ?C respectively. The study also demonstrated that the pH values were neutral tend to light alkaline and ranged between (7.34 - 8.10), the electrical conductivity ranged between (7021 7021 - 7947 7947) µs/cm. while the TDS, ranged between (09.502 09.502 - 729950. 729950.) mg/l, according to the values of salinity ranged between (0.773 - 0.954)‰ the water of the river was classified as Oligohaline, while the values of Light Penetration ranged between (28.81 - 120.61)cm, and the turbidity ranged between (43.26 - 55.78) NTU, also showed dissolved oxygen as its value ranged between (45729 45729 - 7.979) mg/l, while the biological oxygen demand showed value ranged between (1.123 - 2.627) mg/l, The values of total organic carbon in sediments ranged between (0.440 - 1.045)%, While the sediment texture was sandy - silt in the first site, and sandy - clay in the both two and three sites of Al - Diwaniya river. Results of Concentration of trace elements (Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, Lead and Zinc) in dissolved part ranged between (252222. 252222. - 2522724 2522724), ( 252270 252270 - 252200 252200), ( 25227. 25227. - 252290 252290), (252224. 252224. - 2522022 2522022 ) , ( 25279. 25279. - 252010 252010 ) mg/l., whereas in particulate part ranged for between (0.29 - 1.49), (3.46 - 13.04), (12.51 - 20.99), (1.08 - 4.67 ((, (65.54 - 127.51 ) µg/g dry weight. and in sediments ranged between (0.53 - 1.96), (23.93 - 49.65), (136.85 - 166.09), (4.14 - 5.92), (126.69 - 176.64) µg/g dry weight respectively. In the Descending sequence in concentrations of all trace elements in abiotic components was as follow : sediments> particulate part> dissolved part. in producers of Al - Diwaniya river ranged in plant P. australis from (0.07 - 0.20), (5.93 - 16.21), (8.67 - 46.87 ) , (0.89 - 2.93), (26.60 - 103.78) µg/g dry weight respectively. in phytoplankton from (0.40 - 1.77), (8.89 - 25.2), (28.0666.49), (1.47 - 3.59 ) , (103.39 - 159.70) µg/g dry weight respectively. In the Descending sequence in concentrations of all trace elements in producers was as follow phytoplankton> plant P. australis. While the concentrations of trace elements in consumers in (zooplankton) of Al - Diwaniya river ranged from(0.56 - 4.41), (21.89 - 56.08), (51.64 - 152.79), (2.806.06), (137.14 - 183.61) µg/g dry weight respectively. While in two species of fish according to organs in gills of Cyprinus carpio ranged from(0.63 - 2.07) ) ) 3.19 3.90), ) ) 4.04 - 8.96) , (1.95 - 3.76), (182.14 253.89) µg/g dry weight respectively, in liver from(0.41 - 1.78), (6.20 - 32.47 ) , (5.97 - 10.39), (2.06 - 5.37), (136.15 184.75) µg/g dry weight respectively, and in muscles from (0.49 - 3.43و) , (و 2.82 10.40), (7.17 - 11.57 ) , (0.61 - 4.60 ) , (110.96 - 160.46) µg/g dry weight respectively. and ranged in gills of Tilapia zilli from(0.44 - 1.15), (1.06 - 6.83), (8.18 - 13.97 ) , (1.46 2.89) , (99.03 155.33) µg/g dry weight respectively, in liver from(0.571.64 ) , (13.08 - 28.06), ( 8.03 - 18.50), (1.32 - 3.02), (112.68 176.32) µg/g dry weight respectively, and in muscles(0.46 - 1.80), (2.42 2.93), (7.47 - 10.52), ( 0.20 - 3.16 ) , (79.74 - 153.58 ((µg/g dry weight respectively. concentrations of all trace elements in consumers always were higher than with producers and abiotic components In the Descending sequence in concentrations of all trace elements in consumers and producers was as follow : zooplankton> Cyprinus carpio> Tilapia zilli> phytoplankton> plant P. australis., And in the organs of fish was as follow in Cyprinus carpio : gills> liver>muscle, while in Tilapia zilli was follow liver > gills >muscle. While the values of the bioconcentration factor for (Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, Lead and Zinc) in producers of the study area ranged in plant P. australis. From 747542 747542)) - 7200500 7200500), ( 0.7150. 0.7150. - 729445.4 729445.4), (..1750...1750. - 047..59. 047..59.), ( 004540 004540 411507 411507), ( 44.592 44.592 - 4740509 4740509) respectively.In phytoplankton (7027512 7027512 - 000.2522 000.2522), (.704504.704504 - 79...549 79...549), ( 7111.547 7111.547 - 99420594 99420594), ( 7049542 7049542 - .20454..20454.), ( 0110527 0110527 77944502 77944502) respectively. the values of the bioconcentration factor for elements in consumers of the study area ranged in zooplankton from (712.59. 712.59. - .7444544.7444544), (0071504 0071504 - 42914504 42914504 ) , ( 0.004597 0.004597 - 07.700524 07.700524), ( 0..7527 0..7527 - 7709.544 7709.544), ( 4010577 4010577 70744574 70744574) respectively.in fish organs Cyprinus carpio ranged in gills from(197571 197571 - 97922522 97922522), (839.47 - 2808.33), (1704.16 - 4640.00), (1500.00 - 4076.92), (6876.10 - 13873.77) respectively. in liver ranged from (482.35 - 35600.00), (001.522 001.522 - 10075.00), (2473.81 - 6453.33), (1665.00 - 4646.15), (6373.16 - 12568.02) respectively. and in muscles (.14591.14591 - 40422522 40422522), ( 190572 190572 - 0444544 0444544), ( 7049500 7049500 9002500 9002500 - ) , ( 047520 047520 - 1214540 1214540), ( 4220501 4220501 - 9111502 9111502) respectively. while in Tilapia zilli organs ranged in gills (.71549.71549 - 00222522 00222522), ( 000500 000500 - 01015.2 01015.2) , ( 000254. 000254. 4070500 4070500), ( ((00475.0 00475.0 - 40.504 40.504 , (.40050..40050. - 0901541 0901541 ) respectively. in liver (4125.0 4125.000022522 00022522 ) , (.02.504.02.504 - 00000500 00000500), ( 0017590 0017590 - 77.405.2 77.405.2), ( 09457. 09457. - 9044500 9044500) , (499.5.0 499.5.0 - 0420592 0420592 ) respectively. and in muscles ranged from (.97571.97571 - 00022522 00022522), (771.05 - 0744544 0744544) , ( 7414574 7414574 - 401.522 401.522), ( ( ( 0.44500 0.44500 - 700502 700502, ( 5414.28 - 7354.09) respectively. results showed that the aquatic organisms (Consumers, Producers) have ability to bioconcentration of trace elements. and showed the descending sequence in concentrations of all trace elements in consumers and producers was as follow : zooplankton> Cyprinus carpio> Tilapia zilli> phytoplankton> plant P. australis. The result of this study confirms the biomagnification phenomenon (the increase of trace elements concentration with elevation in trophic levels of the food web) in study of Al - Diwaniya river ecosystem, as it's the case in other region of the world

انتشار داء اللشمانية الجلدية في محافظة القادسية مع تقييم مدى الاسجابة للعلاج بعقار البنتوستام بطريقة RT - PCR == Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Al - Qadissia Province And The Evaluation of Treatment Response By Pentostam With Rt - Pcr

Author name: رنا صالح صاحب محلول الدفاعي

Supervisor name: غيداء عباس جاسم الجبوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: Results of clinical and laboratory examination of 239 cases showed 55 infection cases in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and in infection proportion reaches at 23.01% out of the total number of the Cutaneous cases which are similar to Leishmaniasis during the months of the study. The Results also showed that the highest infection was recorded between the ages 1 - 10 years old and about 26 cases in 47.27% and between 10 - 20 years old about 17 cases in 30.9% and the lowerest was between 40 - 50 and 70 - 80 years old in one cases in 1.8%. The summit of the disease spread was in February for about 24 cases in 43.63% specially in AL - Hamza AL - Sharqi where the highest number of infection was recorded for about 23 cases in 41.81%. It is followed by AL - Shafiya for 10 cases in 18.18% and the lowerest was AL - Mhannawiya for one case in 1.8%. It has been clear that the number of the multiple epidemics is more than the individual ones in 70.5% while the latter in 29.98% respectively. It was focused on hands and legs in 50.35% and 24.46 %. The tissue test showed thick perspiration in the big infected pharynx and lymphatic cell in addition to the existence of abscess to the smash of the infected cell. Forty nine positive cases were found in 89.09% for the genetic material DNA which is connected with Leishmaniasis by mean of NestedPCR to identify the type results showed 47 samples which is L. major in 95.91% and to get sure by investigating the virulence factor lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and cysteine protease it was found that all sample were positive in 100% as Leishmania. major. To know the affect of treatment pentostam on these samples, the standard proportion for the genetic patterns was calculated factor lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and cysteine protease during five week. Results showed that there was a big difference for each gene in a solation during the period of treatment in a level of the possibility of (P?0.05) when used test LSD. and by comparing the three genes it was found that there was a meaningful between cysteine protease and the other two factor lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and there wasn’t difference between lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan. Hence, it has been clear that the treatment pentostam has a big affect in parasite by its affect on the virulence factors and this explains that possibility of infection may happen again after having the treatment. The skin disease cutaneous Leishmaniasis is considered as one of the endemic parasitic diseases in Iraq. This study aims at identifying its prevalence and specifying the virulence factors in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in order to define the type of disease reason and the affect of the treatment of Pentostam on the virulence factors lipophosphoglycan, Cysteine protease, proteophosphoglycans by means Real time - PCR

دراسة الاصابات الفطرية الجلدية لدى الاطفال في موضع الحفاظة == Mycological Infections In Children In The Position of The Diaper

Author name: عباس عبد الحسين محي

Supervisor name: ماجد كاظم عبود الشبلي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Fungi

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

تاثير الرش بمستخلص الاعشاب البحرية وخليط من الاحماض الامينية في الصفات الفسلجية والتشريحية لصنفين من نبات الفلفل الحلو Capsicum annuum L == Effect of Spraying With Seaweed Extract And Amixture of Amino Acids In Physiological And Anatomical Characters of Two Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Cultivars

Author name: انتظار عباس مرهون الزبيدي

Supervisor name: مجيد كاظم عباس الحمزاوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Plant - Physiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: Three experiments were conducted on two cultivars of sweet pepper Capsicum annuum L.; Flavio F1 and California wonder, to study the effect of seaweed extract and amino acids mixture and their combination on some vegetative and reproductive parameters, and some physical and qualitative characters of fruits. In addition, the chemical composition of leaves and some anatomical characters of stems were also evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of some treatments on genetic variations in both cultivars were studied. The field experiments were carried out at the fields the College of Agriculture/Al - Qadisiya University. The experiment was started at 18 - 1 - 2013 and ended at 3 - 7 - 2013. Seaweed extract, Basfoliar Kelp SL, was used at two concentrations; 3 or 6 ml. L - 1 in addition to control treatment (distilled water only). Also, a mixture of amino acids was used at two concentrations; 400 or 800 mg. L - 1 in addition to control treatment. Spray with the two substances was done in the early morning. The treatments were designed as a factorial experiment with two factors (3X3) in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The vegetative characters measured included; plant height, number of branches, percent of dry weight of shoot and root, and leaf chlorophyll content. Also, nitrogen percent, phosphorus and potassium content in leaves and roots was determined. The flowering and yield characters included; total number of flowers per plant, fruit set percentage, and total fruit yield per plant. In addition, weight, size, diameter and fruit length were measured. Vitamin C, total phenols, TSS, total sugars, alkaloids percent and the capsicin were measured in fruit juice. The anatomical characters of plant stem were included; epidermis, cortex and vascular bundles thickness, diameter of vascular units and pith thickness. The laboratory experiment was carried out during the period from 2 - 9 - 2013 till 16 - 10 - 2013. Spray with the two substances and their combination, at the same concentrations as used in the field experiment, was done on plants at the true leaves stage. The experiment was design as a factorial experiment with two factors in completely randomized design with four replications. The chemical characters measured in leaves included; content of auxin and gibberellin like substances, activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, amino acid content in addition to protein and sugar percent. Also, the genetic variation and genetic distance degree due to some treatments compared to control treatment using the RAPD with five primers was studied. The results were as the following : 1. Using seaweed extract and amino acids mixture, especially at the higher concentration, caused a significant increase in all vegetative characters measured for the two cultivars. 2. There were a pronounced increase in nitrogen percentage in plant shoot and root as the concentration of the treatments increased in both cultivars. 3. Increasing the concentration of the two factors caused an increase in phosphorus content in plant shoot of both cultivars. In roots, the use of the higher concentration of seaweed extract increased phosphorus content in Flavio F1 cultivar only. on the other hand, there was no significant effect on the mineral content in California wonder cultivar. Also, there was no significant effect on the phosphorus content in both cultivars due to the use of the two concentrations of amino acids and the combination of the two factors. 4. The use of seaweed extract caused a significant increase in potassium content in the shoots of the two cultivars. Also, the two concentrations of the amino acids caused an increase in the mineral content in shoots of the Flavio F1 cultivar only, while there was no effect in the California wonder cultivar. In roots, there was a significant effect due to the use of seaweed extract on potassium content, while there was no effect due to the use of the amino acids in Flavio F1 cultivar. In California wonder cultivar, no significant increase in potassium content was recarded in roots due to the use of all concentrations. 5. Seaweed extract and amino acids extract concentrations caused significant increase in total flowers number, fruit set, number of fruits per plant, plant yield and the physical characters of fruits, where the higher concentration of the two substances used gave highest values of fruit diameter, weight and size in both cultivars. Fruit length was not affected in Flavio F1 cultivar only. 6. The use of the two substances caused pronounced increase in TSS, sugars, vitamin C and phenols in the fruit of the two cultivars. Also, The use of seaweed extract had no effect on total alkaloids in Flavio F1 cultivar. While the amino acids mixture at the two concentrations increased alkaloids percent in fruit of the two cultivars. Also, there was a clear increase in the active ingredient (capsicin alkaloid) as the concentrations of the two substances used increase. 7. Both substances increased the auxin like substances in leaves of the two cultivars. The gibberelline like substances did not affect due to the use of seaweed extract of either cultivars. Amino acids had no significant effect. 8. The use of seaweed extract and amino acids mixture and their combination caused a significant increase in catalase and peroxidase activity in leaves, except the activity of peroxidase in leaves of California wonder cultivar which not affected by the seaweed extract. 9.Total free amino acids content and protein percent increased as the concentration of the two factors increased. Also, seaweed extract had significant effect on the percent of the total sugar. Amino acids treatments had no effect on sugar percent. 10.Using seaweed extract or amino acids caused an increase in epidermis and cortex thickness and size of vascular bundles of stem of both cultivars. 11.The use of seaweed extract, especially at the higher concentration, had significant effect in increasing the diameter of vascular units, while there was no effect due to the use of the amino acids. 12.There was a negative effect of the seaweed extract on pith thickness due to the use of the seaweed extract. on the other hands, the amino acids treatments caused an increase in stem pith. 13.The combination between seaweed extract and amino acids treatment had significant effect on most of the morphological, physiological and anatomical characters studied for both cultivars. 14.Increasing concentrations of seaweed extract and amino acids mixture or their combination caused an increase in DNA and RNA content in leaves of the two cultivars. The increase was greater at the higher concentration of both substances used. 15. Treatment with some concentrations of seaweed extract and amino acids and their combination produced plants with genetic variation as compared to the control plant using RAPD technology with five primers. The variation ranged from 13.04% using OPB - 9 primer to 33.33% using OPB - 4 and OPB - 11 primers in Flavio F1 cultivar. In California wonder cultivar, the variation ranged from 4.35% using OPB - 14 primer to 73.33% using OPB - 5 primer.

تاثير اشعة الفا على التصاقية بعض انواع البكتريا == Study The Effect of The Alpha Ray On The Adhesion Some Type of Bacteria

Author name: فردوس غضبان كاظم

Supervisor name: زياد متعب الخزاعي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Bacteria

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية جمع 37 مسحة من المرضى المصابين باخماج العيون في مدينة الديوانية ومن كلا الجنسين حيث تضمنت الدراسة سيادة نوعين من المسببات البكتيرية لاصابات العيون ودراسة قابلية التصاق هذه البكتريا على العدسات اللاصقة وهي المكورات العنقوديـــــــــــ | The current study included (37) samples were collected from sicks of Eyes infection in Al - Diwaniya city from two kinds that the study included two type dominant of Bacteria causes for Eyes infection and study this Bacteria adhesion ability on the Lenses, that the Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as the impact of exposure to (Radiology Alpha and Gamma rays) on adhesion ability, As well as the search included the application of a mathematical model to adhesion formula. The current study results are showed the Staphylococcus aureus for percent (45.94)% and then the Pseudomonas aeruginosa for percent (32.43)%. The results were obtained being clear impact of irradiation on Bacteria adhesion ability to Lenses. The results were obtained the higher level adhesion reaching its, the Staphylococcus aureus in the natural case to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×292) that in three hours whereas the Alpha ray exposure more than adhesion level that range six hours to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×302) and when the Gamma ray exposure the higher adhesion level reaching that range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×233) during exposure period that reach to four and half hour. About the Pseudomonas aeruginosa the adhesion higher level in the natural case to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×204) during two hours and half hour whereas when exposure its, to Alpha ray that reaching to higher level adhesion range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×298) during six hours as well as when exposure to Gamma ray the higher level adhesion reaching range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×250) during four and half hour. Application the mathematical adhesion sample, the result obtained that the disengagement coefficient, the valuable impact its, so that the valuable increased as well as temporal to be late in approach stage of zero who mathematically certain the lenses importance that the important dangerous effective for Eye infection distribution. As well as the results were certain the Alpha and Gamma rays were irradiation, that have impact of where decreasing the adhesion bacteria numbers for lenses, that decreasing from Eyes infection

تاثير الاشعة فوق البنفسجية Ultraviolet (UV) على بعض المعايير التكاثرية (معامل الانقسام للحيامن والتشوهات في رؤوس النطف) في الجرذان البيض == Effect of Ultraviolet On Some Reproduction Parameters (Mitotic Index of Sperms And Head Sperms Aberration)

Author name: قيس هادي لايذ الكرعاوي

Supervisor name: حسين خضير الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

تاثير مستخلص الثوم والرمان على الجرذان المصابة تجريبيا بطفيلي Cryptosporidium parvum ومقارنتها مع عقار Metranidazole == Effect Extract Allium Sativum And Punica Grantium On White Rat Expermental Infection Cryptosporidium Parvum And Comper With Metranidazole

Author name: سرى رزاق خضير عبادة

Supervisor name: نجم عبد الواحد عبد الخضر الجدوع

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%89-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: جمعت عينات البراز من الاطفال في مستشفى النسائية والاطفال كذلك جمعت من العجول المصابة حيث اجري فحص العينات بصبغة الزيل نلسن ثم عزلت ونقيت الاكياس بطريقة التطويف بمحلول شيذر السكري وجرعت 2103xكيس بيض لكل جرذ بانبوبة التجريع الفموي وسجلت المدة قبل البائنة من | Collects stool samples from children in the women's and pediatric hospital. also collects all those from infected calves, where he conducts testing samples dye Zail Nelson then isolated and scrubbed bags manner floation solution Shidhir diabetes and gived rat 2 x103 bag eggs per rat tube dosage oral and recorded for the period before dowry of 3 - 5 days as recorded wounding 100%. The result is the appointment of the lethal dose of moderation LD50 of aqueous extracts of the garlic, peel the pomegranate after giving the rats doses graded by the mouth and the results indicate that the dose 7500 mg / kg of body weight is the lethal dose of aqueous extracts of garlic bulbs and dose limits of 5250 mg / kg is the lethal dose to peel pomegranate then tretment using cold aqueous extract to plant garlic. Allium satvuim L. peel and pomegranate Punica granantum L and drug Metronidazole (Flagyl) concentration of 250, 500, 750 mg / kg, the results shows the effectiveness of the current study, the aqueous extracts in the treatment of the parasites it turns out that the time required to kill the parasite suit inversely with the increasing concentration of extracts also show the efficiency of the aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole concentration of 750 mg / kg in the treatment of 100% after 13 days of treatment with stops put bags of egg either concentration of 500 mg / kg of aqueous extracts garlic bulbs and metronidazole has shown the efficiency of treatment of by 100 % after 15 days of treatment showed, while the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel concentration 750 mg/kg therapeutic efficiency of 98.41% after 15 days of treatment, while the control group continued to launch until after the egg sacks (15) of treatment. The study shows histopathological section on the small intestine (duodenam, ileum, jejunum) Rats infection parasite get pathological changes represented by the crash of the villi of the small intestine and change epithelium from the vertical to the cube and the adhesion of some of the villi and gatherings of inflammatory cells in layer plate fitted, as well as for necrosis and desquamation of the cells lining the villi also destroyed gland and appeared egg sacks in the intestine result use 2x103 frome egg sacks also appeared effective abstract aqueous garlic in the intestinal tissue to restore its natural form after 15 day use concentration 750 mg/kg of aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole while have taken normal sat to tissue treaement with aqueous pomegranate peel long than 15 day. test the effectiveness of aqueous extracts cold of garlic bulbs. Alluium sativum L. and peel pomegranate Punica granantum L in treatment parasite spores Cryptosporidum parvum and compared with the treatment of Metronidazole (Flagyl) in laboratory rats. Conducted on plant extracts cold of garlic and pomagranite the chemical tests have shown the presence of active substances of both alkaloids, carbohydrates, Flavonides, Alglycosidat, Alsaponyat, Alresins, phenolies

تقييم نوعية مياه نهر الفرات (بين مدينتي الكفل والشنافية) وسط العراق == Assessment of Water Quality of Euphrates River (Between The Cities of Al - Kifl And Al - Shinafiyah) Iraq

Author name: دنيا باهل جدعان صلال الغانمي

Supervisor name: حسين يوسف خلف الركابي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Aquatic Environment

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية على جزء من بيئة نهر الفرات الممتد بين مدينتي الكفل والشنافية لمدة عام تقويمي من ايار 2013 ولغاية نيسان 2014 واختيرت اربعة مواقع مختلفة وموزعة على منطقة الدراسة شملت ثلاث محافظات هي : بابل - النجف - القادسية (الفرات الاوسط - العراق)، | The current study has applied on the Euphrates River for a full year from May 2013 until April 2014. Four sites selected along the river whithin three provinces; Babylon, Najaf, Al - Qadisiyah. Assessment of water quality done by using Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) and Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) for the purpose of determining the validity and quality of its water for the General purpose and for Drinking and Irrigation.The physicochemical properties and biological (Phytoplankton) were studied during the study period. These properties were; temperature of the air and water, light penetration, electrical conductivity, salinity, turbidity, water current speed, total suspended and dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, carbon dioxide, total alkalinity, acidity, total hardness and ions of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and the sodium adsorption ratio, chlorides, sulfates, boron, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, silica and some heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, chromium, manganese in both phases : dissolved and particulate. results showed that the values of the physical and chemical factors ranged as follows : (7 - 47) C, (10 - 31) C, (14 - 177.5) cm, (1020 - 5600) µs/cm, (0.65 - 3.46) 0%, (0.07 - 129) NTU, (27.03 - 115.57) cm/s, (591 - 2985) mg/L and (0.001 - 0.128) mg/L, (7.04 - 8.8), (6 - 11.8) mg/L, (0.13 - 6.6) mg/L, (8.2 - 53) mg/L, (81.4 - 198) mg/L, (30 - 200) mg/L, (6 - 46) mg/L, (490 - 929.67) mg/L, (83.37 - 290.18) mg/L, (0.79 - 174.84) mg/L, (92.5 - 713) mg/L, (1.9 - 11.18) meq/L, (6 - 133) mg/L, (97.97 - 861.73) mg/L, (329 - 1040) mg/L (0.01 - 4.23) mg/L, (0.008 - 1.33) µg/l, (2.16 - 44.74) µg/L, (0.012 - 0.59) µg/L and (104 - 514) µg/L respectively.Concerning the heavy elements, the values of dissolved cadmium ranged between (undetectable - 0.075 mg/L) and it's particulate between (0.0043 - 0.2705) mg /L and dissolved lead between (undetectable - 0.0232 mg /L) and it's particulate between (0.0045 - 0.148) mg/L and dissolved zinc between (un - detectable - 0.0168 mg/L) and it's particulate between (0.0115 - 0.316 mg/L) and dissolved copper (undetectable - 0.0273 mg/L) and copper is particulate between (0.0062 - 0.063 mg /L) and dissolved chromium between (undetectable - 0.0193 mg/L) and the chromium is particulate between (0.0043 - 0.0449) mg/L and dissolved manganese (undetectable - 0.0256) mg/L and it's particulate between (0.0085 - 0.0739) mg/L.The biological tests include Qualitative and Quantitative Study on phytoplankton and also included calculating the total number of coliform way casting dishes by using the MacConkey Agar media.The number of diagnosed species of Phytoplankton was 295 species, belonging to 74 genera. The Diatoms Bacillariophyceae won the biggest part of it as it formed 160 species and 35 genera any rate (54.24%), followed by green algae (70 species belonging to 24 genera) and green algae (52 species belonging to 11 genera) then Euglenophyceae (10 species belonging to both sexes), while golden brown algae and algae Pyrrophyceae were less algal groups registered as belonging to the two single - sex. Some types of phytoplankton existed in most of the duration of the study, including Bacillaria paxillifera, Cocconies placentula, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Diatoma elongatum, Fragilaria virescence, Melosira ambigua, Synedra acus.The total number of phytoplankton is estimated between (104.9 - 4460.09) cell × 103/liter. An increase in the number of phytoplankton in July and January was observed clearly. The concentrations of chlorophyll - a were ranged between (0.0693 - 9.78 mg /L). While the total number of results for coliform were (5 - 281 × 103) cells/liter, The water quality of the evidence Account (Canadian model) using a number of physical, chemical and Biological properties. The results showed that the waters of the Euphrates are located within categories (Poor - Good) with respect to the public evidence of the quality of water of this river while it was located within categories (Poor - Acceptable) with respect to their use for drinking, While its use for irrigation purposes, it was clear that run river water data fall into two categories (Poor - Good). The results of the analysis of the main components Principal component Analysis (PCA) indicate that the nitrates and the total number of coliform and dissolved oxygen, phosphate, zinc, lead and Biological oxygen demand and pH are the biggest impact on the water quality of the index values of the variables of general purpose.These factors are responsible for the deviation index values, followed by turbidity and total hardness and electrical conductivity and temperature of the water, copper, chromium, and cadmium heat. But with the biggest impact of the index water quality factors for drinking purposes are chloride and electrical conductivity and total hardness, magnesium, turbidity and basal college, sodium, calcium, copper, sulfates, nitrates and coliform, zinc and dissolved oxygen, pH, manganese and lead followed by boron nitrite, cadmium, chromium and vital requirement for oxygen. While the chloride and conductivity electrical, the proportion of sodium, copper, zinc and adsorption of boron have greatest influence on the value of water quality index for irrigation, followed by manganese, cadmium, chromium, lead and pH.The phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity (P - IBI) has been calculated using ten units including (relative abundance of green algae, green algae, pyrrophyta, Euglenophyta, Xanthophyta, Centralales, pennales, species richness index, the density of phytoplankton and chlorophyll a) The results showed that phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity values ranging between (47 - 74) in the first position and (47 - 67) in the second location, and (45 - 76) in the third site and (45 - 71) in the fourth site. In other words, phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity with estimating index (good - poor). The results showed the effectiveness of phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity values in estimating the environmental changes.

التحديد الجزيئي لبعض عوامل الضراوة في بكتريا Klebsiella spp المعزولة من مصادر سريرية مختلفة == Molecular Identification of Some Virulence Factors In The Bacterium Klebsiella Spp Isolated From Different Clinical Sources

Author name: فرقد حسن فليح

Supervisor name: بهيجة عبيس حمود الخالدي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: جمعت (150) عينة من المرضى المراجعين والراقدين في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي والذين يعانون من اصابات مختلفة وللفترة من 1/كانون الاول/2013 ولغاية 1/نيسان /2014 وتضمنت هذه العينات ماياتي : (50) عينة حروق وجروح، (50) عينة ادرار و(50)عينة قشع من المرضى المراجعين | One hundred fifty samples were collected from patients admitted in Al - Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and suffering from various injuries and for the period from 1 / December / 2013 and up to 1 / April / 2014 these samples in clude : (50) sample burns and wounds, (50) urine and (50) sputum.The results showed that 90 samples (60%) of the total number gave is positive result for the growth.the bacterial isolates were distributed among 35 samples (70%) of burns and wounds, (33) the sample (66%) from urine and (22) sample (44%) from sputum After biochemical and cultural test found that 99 isolate belonging to Different Genus and species of bacteria these isolates include 40 isolate (44.44%) bound and wound isolates Staphylococcus sp was the predoniant in these samples by rate (42.5%), 36 isolate(40%) E.coli was most isolate by rate 50% in urine sample and 23 (25.5%) Klebsiella pneumonia was the most common isolate by rate (78.26%) in these putum.. Sensitivity test results of antibiotics showed that most of the isolates have high resistance against antibiotics used in the study and the most isolates possess multiple resistance (Cross resistance) as shown resistance to most of antibiotics that used in these study. All asolates (% 100) were resistant to nitrofurantin and Tetracycline while(95%)is resistant to ampiciline (90%) of isolate were resistant to thired generation of cephalosporins (ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime) and (%80) of isolate wereresistant to gentamicin and impeneme, finely (%80)of isolate were resistant to azetroname..The results of the molecular detection of genes uge and mag A gene in Klebsiella sp in the 16 (50%) of the isolates had mag A as the 8 (44.44%) of the isolates bacteria K.pneumonia carrier of mag A and 8 isolates of type K.oxytoca had of the gene above the gene uge was his appearance in the proportion of isolates (46.87%) as it appeared in 9 (50%) of the isolates K.pneumonia and 6 isolates (42.87%) of the isolates k.oxytoca..There were relationship between resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and possession of these genes

دراسة تشريحية لسيقان وسويقات واوراق بعض اجناس العائلة الوردية rosaceae في الديوانية == Anatomical Study of The Stems, Leaves And Petioles For Some Species of Family Rosaceae

Author name: حسنى مهدي رياح الفتلي

Supervisor name: ازهار عبد الامير سوسة

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Plant

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

علاقة بعض الهرمونات والمعايير الكيموحيوية للمصابين بحصى المرارة == Relation of Some Hormones And Biochemical Variables For Patients With Gallstones

Author name: انسام فيصل ياسر الجوراني

Supervisor name: احسان ريسان ابراهيم الركابي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة مستويات بعض الهرمونات والمتغيرات الكيموحيوية لممصابين حصى المرارة، اذ اجريت الدراسة على المرضى الوافدين الى مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي ومستشفى الكرامة التعليمي / قسم الجراحة في محافظة واسط للمدة منذ بداية شهر تشرين الاول (2012) حت | The study was Designed to investigate some hormonal levels and biochemical variables in patients with gallstones, where the study was conducted on patients attending Zahra Hospital and Karama Hospital / Department of Surgery in Wassit province for the period since the beginning of the month of October (2012) and until the end of the month of April (2013), The number of patients (75) were aged between 15 - 70 years and the number of males (15) and females (60) compared with healthy controls and numbered (25) aged between 15 - 70 years and the number of males (5) and females (20). Blood samples were collected in volume (10 ml) blood serum was isolated to achive required measurements, which included measuring the level of the hormone leptin, thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH), also the study included estimate the concentrations of biochemical parameters : total cholesterol (T.Chol), higher density lipoprotein cholesterol (H DL - Chol), factor risk (RF), liver enzymes ALT and AST, total serum bilirubin (TSB), glucose, creatinine, albumin, Globulin, and total serum protein (TSP), The results of the study were as follows : .Prevalence of gallstones in Wassit province, and Females injury rate will gallstone in wassit province much higher than males with rate of 5/1. Significant increase (P <0.05) in the levels of leptin hormone and GH as well as non significant increase (P >0.05) in the levels of the hormone TSH, while there was a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the level of the hormone T4 in people who suffer from a gallstones disease compared with healthy people. Significantly increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of T.Chol, and RF, while there a non - significant decrease (P> 0.05) in the concentration of HDL - Chol. significant increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of ALT, AST, TSB, and glucose with a non - significant increase (P>0.05) in the concentration of createnine. significant decrease (P <0.05) in the concentration of albumin, TSP, while an increase is not significant (P>0.05) in the concentration of globulin. There is effect of sex, age, BMI, and duration of the disease for patients with gallstones compared to healthy persons. There is effect of the taking contraceptive pills for female patients infected with gallstones compared to patients female non Taking contraceptive pills.

التعبير الجيني للمورث Erg11 وعلاقته بالمقاومة وظاهرة رجوع النمو لبعض عزلات خميرة المبيضات البيضاء المختبرة تجاه مضادات الازول الفطرية == Gene Expression of Erg11 And It’s Relation With Resistance And Trailing Growth Phenomena of Some Isolates of Candida Albicans Tested Against Azole Antifungals

Author name: حيدر عبد الحسين عباس

Supervisor name: عدنان حمد عبيد الحمداني

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى الكشف عن دور المورث Erg11 والتعبير الجيني النسبي له في مقاومة خميرة المبيضات البيضاء C.albicans وعلاقته بنشوء عزلات مقاومة او ظاهرة رجوع النمو Trailing growth لهذه الخميرة عند اختبار حساسيتها الدوائية تجاه بعض مضادات الازول (الفلو | The current study aimed to detect the role of Erg11 gene and its relative expression in the resistance of Candida albicans, and its relationship with the emergence of resistace or Trailing growth isolates when tested its susceptibility against azoles agenst (fluconazole, ketoconazole). A total of 120 specimens were collected from patients of both gender with different ages whom infected with oral thrush, uro - genital and Gastrointestinal candidiasis and admitted the General Teaching Hospital and materinaty and children Teaching Hospital in AL - Diwaniyah city during the period from December/2012 to February / 2013. The isolation and identification of yeast isolates were done based on their morphological, Cultural and biochemical tests in addition to use the confirmatory systems such as the growth on Chrom Agar candida, Api Candida and Tobacco Agar medium to distinguish C.albicans from other yeast spp. Also, some virulence factors of C.albicans such germ tube formation, chlamydospores production, growth at of 45 c and resistance to cycloheximide were detected. The antibiotics sensitivity test was used in two method (disk diffusion & dilution) to determine the sensitive, trailing growth, resistance isolates and minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) toward azole agents. The qRT - PCR was used to detect the relative quantitative of Erg11 gene expression and its relationship with resistance to azole and emergence of trailing growth phenomena in the presence of Fluconazoles and ketoconazole. The isolation and identification results revealed that the isolation percent of C.albicans was 47.05 % incomparison with other Candida species that were 15.3%, 11.76 %, 8.23 % and 5.9 % for C.krusi, C.dubliniensis, C.tropicalis, C. parapsilasis and C.glabrata , respectively. The antibiotic susceptibity tests of C.albicans showed the presence of resistance precent (38.89%) to fluconazole and the most of sensitive isolates revealed a trailing growth phenomena in the zone of growth inhibition of floconazole in a ratio 55.56%. While the resistance percent to ketoconazole was 27.78 % and the sensitive isolates showed the trailing growth in a ratio (38.89%). The statistical analysis showed a significant differences (P <0.05) among tested treatments. The MICs values of fluconazole against C.albicans isolates were 8, 16, and 64 Mg/ml for sensitive isolates and were 0.125 and 0.5 Mg /ml for resistance isolates and the trailing growth phenomena occurred at MICs value ? 8 Mg/ml within 24 hours of incubation while the values became ? 64 Mg/ml after 48 hours of incubation.There was a significant differences (p< 0.05) among tested treatments isolates incubated at 24 hours while there was no significant differences (P>0.05) at 48 hours of incubation. In respect with Ketoconazole, the resistance of C.albicans was increased after 48 hours of incubation at MICs values 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 Mg /ml while its was sensitive at values 4, 8 and 16 Mg /ml and the trailing growth phenomena occurred when the MICs ? 2 Mg/ml after 24 hrs of incubation, while it reached to ? 8 Mg/ml after 48 hrs of incubation. There was a significant differences (p< 0.05) among tested treatments incubated after 24 hours while there was no significant differences (P >0.05) among treatments after incubation 48 hours. The results of relative quantitative gene expression for both genes revealed a significant differences (p< 0.05) in gene expression levels through the occurrence of increased in the transcription of mRNA quantity among tested treatments.The up - regulation of Erg11 and fold change in mRNA transcription was 2.498 fold compared with 1.0 for control treatment after 24 hrs of incubation in the presence of antifungal, while the increasment was 12.606 fold after 48 hrs of incubation of isolates with antifungals.

دراسة بيئية للهائمات النباتية في مبزل CD4A (مبزل هور شعيب) الديوانية - العراق == Ecological Study of The Phytoplankton In Cd4A (Hor Shuaib) Drainage In Al - Diwaniya Iraq

Author name: ابتسام كاظم خضر الصالحي

Supervisor name: فؤاد منحر علكم

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Plant

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية بيئة الهائمات النباتية في مبزل CD4A (مبزل هور شعيب) في الديوانية - العراق. للمدة من ايلول 2011 حتى نهاية اب 2012 حيث تم اختيار ثلاثة مواقع على المبزل، يقع الموقع الاول في بداية مجرى المبزل عند قرية شويخة ويقع الثاني على بعد 10 كم من | The present study deal with phytoplankton in CD4A drainage for a year starting from September 2011 to August 2012.Three sites have been chosen, the first is near shoekha village at the beginning of the drainage, Second is after the first site ten kilometers, while the third site is at the end of the drainage after Neffr sub district. The study includes measuring physical, chemical and biological properties of drainage water which includes studying quality and quantity of phytoplankton. The study shows that the temperature of the air is ranged from 12.5 - 42.1 c? and water temperature is about(11.5 - 31.5) c? light penetration from 16 - 57cm while turbidity is(49 - 2.1)NTU The study shows that the pH is limited in along the period of the study (6.4 - 8.4), Electrical conductivity is approximately about (2247 - 8030 µs/cm), the water drainage Oligohaline The dissolved oxygen values was from 3 - 8.6 mg/l and carbon dioxide values were ranged from 80.2 - 227.8 mg/l, it also show that drain water is alkaline and bicarbonate ions prevailed, total alkaline is (281.3 - 102.6)mg/l of calcium carbonate. It is discovered that the water in the area under investigation is too hard, hardness values were ranged from 1439.5 - 517.6 mg/l, while Calcium concentrations were ranged from 232.5 - 98.1mg/l andMagnesium concentrations were ranged from 220.3 - 64.2mg/l. Chloride concentrations were ranged from802.01 - 334.1µg/l, while Sulfate concentrations were ranged from 1184.9 - 421.03µg/l Plant nutrients Nitrite concentrations are about (6.22 - 0.58) µg/l, Nitrate concentrations (122.3 - 19.5) µg/l and Phosphate concentrations are about (2.09 - 0.1) µg/l, Phytoplankton types which are diagnosed during study period (143). Bacillariophyceae is dominate on other class and Chlorophyceae Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, the study shows there are99, 120 and 125 species in the first, second and third site, the species that have highs number (Nitzschia, Navicula, Cynbella, Oscillatoria, chlorella, cocconeis, Amphora.Cyclotella), During the period study there are seasonal and site changes is total number of of phytoplankton which ranged about)5218.9 - 267.9 (x 103 cell/cm2. Statistical analysis showed there morale differences between locations and seasons in relation to physical, chemical and biological features also there is an interference between months, there are negative and positive, morale and in morale correlation between phytoplankton and physical, There are negative and positive, morale correlations between phytoplankton and physical, chemical features that measured during study period at probability level of (0.05).

استجابة نبات السلق (Beta vulgaris var. cilca L.) للشد الملحي وحامضي البرولين والجبرلين == Response of Chard Plant (Beta Vulgaris Var. Cilca L.) To Salt Stress, Proline And Gibberellic Acids

Author name: حيدر عبد الامير مظهور

Supervisor name: انتصار حسين مهدي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Zoology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: نفذت التجربة في الموسم الشتوي للعام (2012 - 2013) م في احد الحقول التابعة لناحية الحر في محافظة كربلاء, لمعرفة استجابة نبات السلق للشد الملحي والرش بحامضي البرولين والجبرلين والتداخل بينهما في بعض الصفات الكمية والنوعية لبعض الاجزاء الخضرية والتكاثرية (ا | An experiment was conducted in the winter season of the year (2012 - 2013) in a private Al - Hur district in Karbala governorate, to find out chard plant response to salt stress, proline and gibberellic acids and their interaction on some quantity and quality characteristics to some parts of vegetative and reproductive (leaves, flowers and seeds) to chard plant (Beta vulgaris var. cilca L.).The design of the experiment was randomized complete blocks (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement with three replicate. The first factor was four levels of saline water (0(River water), 2, 4 and 6) ds. m - 1 and the second factor was seven concentration of proline acid (PA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (0(River water), 50PA, 100PA, 150PA, 50GA3, 100GA3 and 150GA3) mg. L - 1. Means were compared by using averages revised least significant difference (RLSD) at 0.05 probability level when the treatments referred to significant effect. The results showed : 1 - The negative effect of salinity levels on the qualities of the vegetative plant chard before flowering stage with the except of the dry weight of the root system, which had increased significantly with the level of salinity 2 ds. m - 1.2 - The negative impact of salinity levels in vegetative qualities of chard plant after flowering except root length, leaves chlorophyll content (a, b and total), nitrogen%, protein% and proline which increased with the level of salinity 2 ds. m - 1. as well as the potassium% in leaves with a salinity level 4 ds. m - 1 and dry weight of shoots with all levels of salinity and especially 6 ds. m - 1.3 - Gibberellic acid was dominant on proline acid in terms of chard plant by 150 mg. L - 1 concentration before flowering and 50 mg. L - 1. concentration after flowering while proline acid was dominant on gibberellic acid in dry weight before flowering and root dry weight of shoots after flowering, by 50 mg. L - 1 and potassium% in leaves and the protein% with 100 mg. L - 1 concentration.4 - The interaction between the salinity levels and acids concentrations add showed a significant difference in most of the traits of the plant, especially in combinations consisting of level 2 ds. m - 1 or comparison of saline with gibberellic acid by 150 mg. L - 1 before flowering and 50 or 100 mg. L - 1 after flowering while gave a combination of salinity level 4 ds. m - 1 with concentration of proline acid 100 mg. L - 1 higher of potassium% in leaves

دراسة مظهرية ووراثية عن بكتريا Enterococcus faecalis المعزولة من مصادر سريرية مختلفة في مدينة الديوانية == Phenotypic And Genotypic Study On Enterococcus Faecalis Isolated From Different Clinical Sources In Al - Diwaniyah City

Author name: حيدر سعود مايح الكرعاوي

Supervisor name: ازهار نوري حسين الموسوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Bacteria

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: جمعت 280 عينة من حالات سريرية مختلفة من مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي ومستشفى الولادة والاطفال في مدينة الديوانية للفترة من 20/11/2012 لغاية 12/4/2013، لغرض عزل وتشخيص المكورات المعوية البرازية Enterococcus faecalis ودراستها مظهريا ووراثيا. اذ عزلت وشخصت 20 ع | Two hundred eighty samples were collected from different clinical cases of Diwaniyah Educational Hospital and Maternity and Children Hospital in the city of Diwaniyah, during the period from 20/11/2012 till 12/04/2013. 20 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis were isolated and identified.This isolates distributed on : 10 isolates from urinary tract infections and 10 isolates from cases of diarrhea while not isolated from wound and burn infections. The results of morphological cultures and microscopic study, biochemical tests, In addition to the use of diagnostic system Histrep and then the final diagnosis by a Vitek 2. Molecular diagnosis showed that all isolates contained 16S rRNA gene. Susceptibility test was done for all bacterial isolates against (9) antibiotics. The results showed that all isolates were complete resistance (100%) against Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Rifampin and Ciprofloxacin. While its resistance for other antibiotics was varied. The resistance isolates for Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin, Penicillin, Gentamycin and Vancomycin were 50 %, 85%, 60 %, 70 % and 35 %, respectively. The results showed that the total resistance for E.faecalis isolates was higher than the sensitivity (more than 70% of these antibiotics). Polymerase chain reaction was used for detecting some genes for antibiotics resistance. The results showed that 7 bacterial isolates had van gene which were resistance to Vancomycin. 6 isolates of these bacteria contained vanB gene while one isolate contained vanA gene. Also the results showed that the bacterial isolates had antibiotics resistance genes as follow : aac (6) - aph (2) gene responsible for resistance to Gentamycin, cat gene responsible for resistance to Chloramphenicol, erm (A)gene responsible for resistance to Erythromycin, and tet (M) gene responsible for resistance to Tetracycline were 70%, 50%, 45%, 100% respectively. Some virulence factors had been detected for bacterial isolates including the ability of isolates of haemolysin production, protease production, gelatinase production and the ability to capsule formation. The results showed that 5 isolates (25 %) its ability of producing was type beta, and 15 isolates(75%) its ability of producing protease, 8 (40%) its ability of producing the gelatinase , and 5 isolates (25%) had the ability on capsule formation. The investigation for these virulence factors in genotypic method, the results showed that bacterial isolates had cylA gene responsible for the production of haemolysin, asal gene responsible for the production of aggregation substance, esp gene responsible for the production of Surface proteins for Enterococcus faecalis and hyl gene responsible for the production of hyaluronidase the percentage 25%, 90%, 55% and 5% respectively.

انتشار انزيمات بيتالاكتاميز نوع OXA بين عزلات بكتيريا الزوائف الزنجارية في مدينة الديوانية == Prevalence of OXA Beta - Lactamaes of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Al - Diwaniya City

Author name: رنا مشعل سالم

Supervisor name: سيوف خومان علوان الرماحي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B7-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: The aim of This study is to determine the prevalence of OXA ? - lactamase in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical and other environmental cases in Al - Diwaniya Teaching Hospital using phenotypic and molecular methods.The Samples of the study were collected from various sources and they were 390 samples for the period from November 2011 to March 2012, and they includ (292 clinical specimens and 98 environmental sample), the results of cultural and biochemical tests showed that 50 isolates (39 of them were from clinical cases and 11 were from environmental samples), belonged to ps. aeruginosa, and their diagnosis were confirmed by 16s - ribosomal RNA, and the study showed that all the isolates containing the 16s - ribosomal RNA gene, which represents the designed diagnostic gene in this study.The results of this study showed that the higher rate of P. aeruginosa isolates was due to burns infections (23.68 %) , followed by respiratory tract infections (sputum) that were (15.38 %) and then the case to otitis media infections (12.5 %), and lastly that due to urinary tract infections (10.49 %), while the rate isolation from the environmental samples was (5.11 %) from the floor of burns department, followed by (10.8 %) from the medical instruments of department workers.It was noted from this study that the age and gender of the patients have some effect on the infection by P. aeruginosa it was recorded that the higher rate of infection was in patients older then 61 year old, and regarding gender, it was found that females are more infected than male, especially in urinary tract infections. The study showed that there is high rate of infection in the admitted patients, in older people and in those who need urinary catheterization, in addition to those with severe burns and those in the intensive care units. Drug sensitivity test had been carried out for all the bacterial isolates to 22 types of antibiotics by disk diffusion method of Kirby - Bauer, and this study had indicated that there was relatively high resistance from P. aeruginosa to ? - lactam antibiotics, aminoglycoseides, and fluoroquinolone. The results also showed that the studied isolates has possibility of producing broad - spectrum ? - lactames enzymes, and this is supported by the resistance of this bacteria to the third generation cephalosporins and to Alaztronam, it was also shown that there was difference in the resistance to carbapenems antibiotics, the resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem were 16% and 64 %, respectively. Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E also called (Colistin) antibiotics were also used, and the resistance rate %0 for Colistin and %4 for Polymyxin B, that means there was two isolates which are resistant to Polymyxin B and this resistance was a challenge to the success of therapeutic efforts. this study noted that there was 22 (44%) isolates which were resistant to at least three types of antibiotics, and regarded as multi - drug resistant (MDR) and Extensive - drug resistance (XDR) isolates were26 (52%) which was the higher rate among the three types of resistance, The third type of resistance was 2 (4%) which represents the resistance to all types of studied antibiotics (PDR). The ability of these isolates to produce broad - spectrum OXA ? - lactames enzymes groups was investigated thrrough detection of presence of genes blaOXA - 10, blaLCR - 1, blaOXA - 18, blaOXA - 1, blaOXA - 2 in these isolates by using the polymerization chain reaction enzyme technology] (PCR) it showed 50/50 (100%) isolates contain blaOXA - 10 gene, which belongs to the OXA group I, and the results of this study showed no amplification results for blaOXA - 18, blaLCR - 1, blaOXA - 1, blaOXA - 2 genes, which belong to the main groups of broadspectrum OXA ? - lactames enzymes which are OXAgroup II, OXAgroup III and OXA groupV respectively except OXA18 enzyme

دراسـة مظهرية وتشريحيـة مقارنة للاجناس Sophora L. وTaverniera DC. وSecurigera DC. (Leguminosae) في العراق == Morphological And Anatomical Study of Genera Sophora L., Taverniera Dc. And Securigera Dc.(Leguminosae) In Iraq

Author name: زهراء قاسم عبد محسن الكلابي

Supervisor name: ازهار عبد الامير سوسة

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Plant

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمن البحث الحالي دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية لثلاث اجناس للعائلة البقولية Leguminosae في العراق وهي Securigera DC. وSophora L. وTaverniera DC.، ودرس نوع واحد من الجنسين الاول.securidaca S والثالث T.nummularia ونوعين من الجنس الثاني So.japonica وSo.gibbosa.تم | The present research included Morphological and Anatomical study for three genera Securigera DC. , Sophora L. and Taverniera DC. belong to the family Leguminosae in Iraq. Four species it was taking one species of the first genus S.securidaca and third genus T.nummularia , two species from the second genera So.japonica, So.gibbosa. The study of Qualitative and quantitative characters of vegetative and reproductive parts were also study and discuss The variation in These qualities. Morphological traits were compared in terms qualities of characters of Habit and Duration , stems, leaves, stipules, inflorescences , bracts and parts floral , fruit and indumentum. Species were separated and placed in groups depending on the obvious differences and similarities these qualities as some of morphological characteristics such as the shape of Leaves, if possible to isolate species T.nummularia it have Unifoliolate Leaves and the outer species have Imparipinnate and the rest of stipules shape in isolate species S.securidaca if was a shape Foliar and other species was Spiny and other qualities. other variations have been discussed with in the qualities. And it became clear of Habit and Duration , stems, leaves, stipules, bracts and parts floral, fruit were of considerable taxonomic value. The study also involved anatomical characters of different organs particularly the leaf epidermis, indumentum, cross section of the leaves, petioles and stems also venation.as some Anatomical characters like species S.securidaca for the rest of the species it Undulate wall clearly been under review also benefit from cross section of the stems as possible to isolate species S.securidaca it was Hollow and empty Pith from the cinter either species was Solid if occupies the Pith status. show that many of anatomical characteristics specially the stem, leaf and also the shape of the walls of epidermal cells and some qualities indumentum taxonomic importance were assessed. Taxonomic treatment has been carried out for all genera and their species and a key was designed for them. with description for each genus and species in this study.

دراسة تشخيصية وجزيئية لطفيلي الجيارديا المعوية Giardia intestinalis لدى الاطفال المصابين بالاسهال في محافظة القادسية == Diagnostic And Molecular Study of Giardia Intestinalis In Children Infected With Diarrhea In Al - Qadisiya Province

Author name: لبنى عبد القادر خنياب الابراهيمي

Supervisor name: هادي مدلول حمزة الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية فحص 926 عينة غائط للاطفال المصابين بالاسهال والمراجعين لمستشفى الديوانية التعليمي ومستشفى الولادة والاطفال، وبعض المراكز الصحية والمختبرات الاهلية في محافظة القادسية خلال المدة ما بين 1/11/2012 الى 30/6/2013 وللفئات العمرية من ?1 - 1 | The current study included examination of 926 stool samples of children with diarrhea who attended to didactic hospital in Al - Diwaniya. The maternity hospital, some health centers and competent laboratories in Al - Qadisiya province during the period from 1/11/2012 to 30/6/2013 and for age range of ? 1 - 12 year exclusively. The current study showed the rate of total infection of Giardia parasite was 5.61% (52 of 926 samples). They were examined by direct wet smear method and floatation method by using light microscope to detect the trophozoite and cyst phases of parasite. It was found in numerous stool samples. The results of samples showed that the infection in males was higher than in females 6.12% and 5.11 % respectively. The age range 2 - 4 years recorded highest incidence of infection and the age range 8 - 10 years recorded the lowest incidence of infection 13.87% and 1.52 % respectively. Also it was recorded higher infection rate in June and the lower infection rate in January 10.37% and 1.92% respectively. It was recorded higher infection rate among the rural population in comparing with urban population 7.07% and 4.45 % respectively. statistical analysis results show a significant differences at(P?0.05). In the present study, Real - Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Giardia parasite infection in microscope positive examined samples where it had record total Infection rate of 73.07% (38 of 52). Statistical analysis of survey results after depending on PCR technique showed significant differences in infection among the age range. The age range 2 - 4 years had recorded the higher infection rate 83.33% while there are no significant differences of infection according sex.It reached in males to 75% in comparing with females 70.83 %, also it did not show significant differences in infection rate according to living areas.It had reached in rural areas to 75.86 % in comparing with urban areas 69.56%. In addition, polymerase chain reaction technique was used (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP - PCR) to determine genotypes of Giardia intestinalis parasite for 20 case from diarrhea positive cases of children in Al - Qadisiya province, by amplifying gene (gdh) glutamate dehydrogenase gene by using specialists primer. They are GDHiF and GDHiR It got the amplification results successfully in all stool samples of 20 and positive examined Real - Time PCR were it had determined the existence of gdh gene of molecular weight of 432bp in all those samples. The study showed that 7 of the previous samples belong to genotype A (35%) and 13 samples belong to genotype B (65%).It showed that all samples of genotype A belong to secondary genotype AII in rate 100%, while samples of genotype B belong to two secondary genotypes, they are BIII (61.53%) and BIV (38.46%). The study showed the appearance of genotype A in the age range under six years, while genotype B in all age range approximately. The distribution of genotypes according to sex and housing it had record both genotypes appeared in both sex with different rate genotype B was more appearance than genotype A in males than females. According to the nature of housing secondary genotype AII had appeared in rate 70% in urban areas, while genotype B with its secondary different genotypes in both areas urban and rural, but with higher rate in rural areas (100 % and 30 % respectively). We had concluded from the current study that there is a close relationship between infection, the sex, age range, nature of settlment and monthly distribution.There are two basic geno types in province, they are A and B, for each of them there aresecondary genotypes AII, BIII, BIV.

التوصيف الجزيئي لبعض مسببات الاخماج الجلدية في محافظة الديوانية وتاثير جزيئات الفضة النانوية في نموها == Molecular Characterization of Some Dermatophytic Fungi In Al - Diwania Province And The Effect of Silver Nano Particles On Their Growth

Author name: نور جاسم محمد

Supervisor name: نيران عبيد جاسم

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AF.pdf

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة للتحري عن الفطريات المسببة للامراض الجلدية في الانسان حيث تم جمع 100عينة من الاشخاص المشكوك باصابتهم بالفطريات الجلدية من المرضى المراجعين لمستشفى الديوانية التعليمي من بداية تشرين الاول 2013 وحتى نهاية مايس 2014 وكانت هذه النماذج ماخوذة | This study was conducted to investigate the fungi that causes skin diseases of human. One hundred samples were collected from people who suspected to infect with fungal skin disease from patients coming to Al - Diwaniya teaching hospital from beginning of October 2013 till the end of May 2014. These samples from (skin, hair and nail). All samples that taken from patient were subjected to direct examinations by using wet touch of (KOH 10%) solution. At the same time the samples were grew on sabroud media to determine the type of fungal skin diseases of human. The direct examination shows positive results of 72 samples which represent 72% while for laboratory growth results, its shows 65 samples with positive results 65%. There are three types of Trichophyton fungus had been isolated which are T.rubrum 28 isolates, T.mentagrophytes 16 isolates and T.schoenleinii 4 isolates and there was one type of genus Microsporum which is M.canis 24 isolates. The results show that Tinea corporis infection is the common and its more among females than males where it is 26.39% and 13.89% respectively, then Tinea capitis which is 19.4% in males which is higher than in females which represents 13.89% while Tinea unguium was in females more than males which was in females 16.67% while in males 9.72%. The percentage of fungal skin infection was differ according to the location where the number of infections in the rural area for all types of Tinea were more than the number of infection in the urban area where the number of infected people with Tinea corporis was 18 which represent 25% while in the urban the number was 11 which represent 18.28% while the number of infected people with Tinea capitis in the rural area were 16 which represent 22.22% and the infected in the urban were 8 which represent 11.11%. While Tinea unguium the number of infected people in the rural 10 which represent 13.89% and in the urban 9 people which represent 12.5%. The diagnosis of isolated fungi depended on phenotype of fungal growth and microscopic examination, in addition to special tests for diagnosing skin fungal infections. Also the PCR was used for diagnosis and the work had been completed by using genotypic tree for fine diagnosis and detection the fungal species. The result were send to the genes bank site to be sure about the fungus type through comparison with the registered fungi in this site and by using MEGA6 program for genetic tree analysis of type (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean). The results of analysis shows clear converge of local Trichophyton spp. Isolates with Trichophyton rubrum in comparison with other types that appears in the genetic tree analysis while Microsporium diagnosed through genetic tree analysis of type (up GMA tree) and the result of analysis shows clear converge of local Microsporium spp. Isolates with Microsporium canis compared with other types of genetic tree analysis. The effect of silver nanoparticles that is used against growth of T.rubrum, T.mentagrophytes and M.canis. The results show that all the concentrations used were effective in stopping of growth of T.mentagrophytes when deal with the standard measure when dealt with concentration of 4 mg/l the more effective in stopping of radiating growth of the fungus. Regarding the fungus T.rubrum the concentrations of 4 mg/l more effective in stopping of growth while there was no difference for 1mg/liter concentration. Regarding the fungus M.canis, the mentioned concentrations had large effect on fungal colonization growth compared with the standard and this fungus more than other fungi affected by nano silver ions

تاثير تراكيز مختلفة من الجبرلين والسماد النتروجيني في نمو وحاصل والمادة الفعالة لصنفين من نبات الكرفس Apium graveolens L. == Effect of Use Different Concentration of Gibberellic Acid And Nitrogen Fertilizer On The Growth, Yield And Active Substance For Two Cultivars of Celery

Author name: ماهر جاسم محمد الاسدي

Supervisor name: انتصار حسين مهدي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Plant

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: نفذت التجربة في الموسم الشتوي لعام (2013 - 2014) م في اصص بلاستيكية بقياس 15×16 سم في محافظة ذي قار, لمعرفة تاثير الرش بحامض الجبرلين ومستوى السماد النتروجيني والتداخل بينهما في النمو ومحتوى الثمار من الزيت الطيار والمادة الفعالة لصنفين من نبات الكرفس Api | The experiment was conducted in the winter season of the year (2013 - 2014) A.C. in a home garden in the governorate of Dhi Qar, to find out the effect of spraying Gibberellic acid and level of nitrogen fertilizer and the interference between them in the growth and content of the fruits of the essential oil and active substances for two cultivars of Celery (Apium graveolens L.).The design of The experiment was Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) with three replicates in factorial arrangement for three factors (2×4×4 the first factor includes two types of Celery cultivars (local and imported), the second factor includes four concentrations of Gibberellic acid (0, 50, 100 and 150) mg.L - 1, the third one includes four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 10, 20 and 30) kg.dunam - 1. used Revised Least Significant Difference (RLSD) at probability level of (0.05) to compared the averages. The results showed the following : 1 - The local cultivars was significantly Outweighed in content of chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll and the percentage of essential oil in plant seeds. imported cultivars was significantly Outweighed on the local cultivars in other characters. 2 - The applying of Gibberellic acid caused a significant increase in all traits, the highest percentage increasing of the Characteristics at a concentration of Gibberellic acid (150) mg.L - 1 for most traits.3 - The nitrogen fertilizer levels (30)) kg.dunam - 1 were used gives significant increase in all of studied traits of the plant except for the percentage of phosphorus, where the increase did not reach to the significant level.4 - The interference between cultivars of plant and Gibberellic acid showed a significant difference in most of the studied traits except the Characteristics stem diameter, number of branches, flowering inflorescences, the wet and dry weights for shoot and root increase in significantly. the treatment of (150)) mg.L - 1 with a imported cultivar was Outweighed significantly in most vegetative growth Characteristics.5 - Binary interference between the plant cultivars and nitrogen fertilizer showed a significant effect for most of the characteristics, which reached the highest increase significantly treatment (30) Kg.dunm - 1, nitrogen of the imported cultivars. 6 - The binary interference between Gibberellic acid and nitrogen fertilizer caused significant effect in all traits except number of branches. Outperforming combination plants (150) mg.L - 1, Gibberellin and (30) Kgm.dunm - 1, significantly nitrogen fertilizer in most vegetative growth Characteristics and floral characteristics and the percentage of oil and active substances and yields the plant from seeds and t1000 seed weight.7 - The triple interference between study factors significantly affected the most qualities, where the given combination (150) mg.L - 1, Gibberellin and (30) Kg.dunm - 1, fertilizer nitrogen in the imported cultivars highest significant increase in most vegetative growth Characteristics and yields the plant from seeds.

التحري عن طفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondii في الطيور الداجنة في منطقة الفرات الاوسط والقطط في محافظة الديوانية باستخدام التقنيات المصلية والجزيئية == Detection of Toxoplasma Gondii In Domestic Avian In Middle Euphrates Region And Cats In Al - Diwania Province By Serological And Molecular Techniques

Author name: خديجة عبيس حمود الخالدي

Supervisor name: خيري عبد الله داود العكيلي | هادي مدلول الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية الكشف عن طفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondiiفي اربع انواع من الطيور ضمت الدجاج المحلي Gallus gallus domesticus والديك الروميMeleagri galbpavol والاوز الاربد Anser anser والبط المحلي Anas platyrhychos domesticus في منطقة الفرات ا | The current study was conducted to detect of Toxoplasma gondii in five species of avian including, Gallus gallus domesticus, Meleagris galbpavol, Anser anser, Anasplatyrhychos domesticus in middle Euphrates provinces of Iraq, also in cats in AL - Diwania province, during 2011 - 2013 by using serological tests (Latex, Rapid test cassette) and molecular test (conventional - PCR and Nested - PCR) as confirmative tests to detect of B1gene which was specific gene of T.gondii in blood and Tissue samples of different organs such as Liver, Heart, Brain, Eye, Lung, Pectoral muscles, Small intestine, Spleen, and Leg muscles of avian and cats which were seropositive cases of Rapid test cassette, also the study was included the detection Oocysts of T.gondii in soil samples of ten cities from Al - Diwania province by using sedimentation and floatation methods as primarily diagnosis, also using the polymerase chain reaction to detect of B1gene in these samples. A total of 320 Avian collected, include 80 samples of each species (20 samples of chicken, Turkey, geese, and Ducks) of each province of middle Euphrates (AL - Diwania, Babylon, AL - Najaf and Karbala), in addition to 10 samples of cats and 100 samples of soil from the center of AL - Diwania province, samples of avian and cats were involved to serological test such as LAT, the results showed there were 96 positive samples in percentage %30, include, 31(%38.75) of chicken, 28 (%35) of turkey, 22 (%27.5) of geese, 15 (%18.75) of ducks and 5 (%50) of cats, the higher Percentage (%23.95) of infection with T. gondii in avian was in titer 1/160 and the lower percentage (%3.73) in titer 1/640, Whereas in cats, the higher percentage in titer 1/20 and lower percentage in titers 1/40, 1/80, 1/160 which reaches %20. The results of Rapid test cassette were showed there were 60 out of 320 samples in percentage %18.75, include 24 (%30) of chicken, 19 in (%23.75) of turkey, 10(%12.5) of geese, 7(% 8.75) of duck and 3(%30) of cats. Also the results of Rapid test cassette were showed the higher percentage of types of antibodies in the serum of avian was %36.66 of IgG +IgM together and the lower percentage was %28.33 of IgM, whereas in cats, the higher percentage was %66.66 of IgG and the lower percentage was %33.34 of IgG +IgM together. To confirm the infection of avian by T.gondii, Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to detect the B1 gene (399 bp) in 320 blood samples of avian and 10 samples of cats, the results were showed there were 34 samples (%10.62) of avian gave positive result, include, 14 (%17.5) of chicken, 12 (%15) of Turkey, 8 (%10) of geese, whereas the results were showed the B1 gene was not present in the blood samples of ducks and cats. The results of Latex, Rapid test cassette and polymerase Chain Reaction were showed, the higher percentage was recorded in chicken % 17.5, %30, %35, whereas the lower percentages were %18.75, %8.75, %0 in D ucks by using the three tests, respectively. According to the results of Rapid test cassette (IgG, IgM +IgG), the results of polymerase Chain Reaction to detect the B1 gene in 16 samples of avian (4 samples of each species) out of 39 samples and 3 samples of cats, showed there were 9 samples (%56.25), include 4 (%100) of chickens, 3(%75) of turkey, 1(%25) of geese, and 2(%66.66) of cats and the higher percentage of B1gene (399bp) in livers of avian was %55.55, %22.22 in pectoral muscles then heart, spleen and small intestine in percentage %11.11 for each one of them, whereas in cats the percentage were % 66.66 in liver while in brain and kidney the percentage was %33.34 of each one of them.. The results of Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction for amplification the gene B1 in 12 blood samples (4 samples of each species of birds except ducks) was positive for conventional - PCR, Showed the amplification occurs in 4 samples in percentage % 33.33 during the first round of reaction and 3 samples in percentage %75 in the second round, in 10 samples of tissues, the amplification occurred in 6 samples in percentage %60 during the first round and in 4 samples in percentage % 66.66 during the second round of reaction. Also the results were showed the percentage of T.gondii antibodies in serum of four types of avian (except pigeons) according to the provinces were %28.75 in AL - Diwania, %40 (Higher percentage) in Babylon, %12.5(Low percentage) in AL - Najaf and %38.75 in Karbala by latex test, whereas the percentages %26.25 (higher percentage), %10 (lower percentage), %12.25, %17.5 in each of Karbala, AL - Najaf, Babylon, AL - Diwania province respectively by Rapid test cassette, and by using polymerase chain reaction, the percentages were %16. 25 (Higher percentage), %5(Lower percentage), %6.25, %15 in AL - Diwania, Babylon, AL - Najaf and Karbala province, respectively. Also the results showed, the percentage of infection in AL - Diwania province the samples of rural areas were higher (%37.5, %22.5, %17.5) whereas the percentages were lower (%20, %12.5, %12.5) in urban areas by using latex, rapid test cassette, and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The results of comparison between two serological tests and Polymerase Chain Reaction, showed the percentages of infection were % 10.62 (34), %18.75 (60), %30 (96) by using Polymerase chain reaction, Rapid test cassette, latex test, respectively, also the sensitivity and specificity of latex test were %35, %72 whereas the sensitivity and specificity of Rapid test cassette were %35, %88, respectively in compared with standard Polymerase Chain Reaction. In the soil samples, the percentage of presence of Oocysts of T.gondii was %10 by using floatation method and %4 by conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction. The study of grossly and microscopy pathological changes in avian and cats which infected with T. gondii, was showed there were lesions on each of liver, heart, pectoral muscles, small intestine, brain and kidney.

تاثير المعاملة ببعض مبيدات الافات والمواد الكيمياوية في نمو الفطرين Alternaria tenuissima وFusarium oxysporum المرافقة لبذور وجذور الحنطة Triticum aestiumn == Effect of Some Pesticides And Chemicals In The Growth of Fungi Alternaria Tenuissima And Fusarium Oxysporum Associated With The Seeds And Roots of Wheat (Triticum Aestiumn)

Author name: مهند جاسم حمود

Supervisor name: عبد الامير سمير سعدون

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Fungi

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اذ تم في هذه الدراسة عزل عدة انواع من الفطريات المرافقة لجذور وبذور الحنطة تموز 2 مصدق 1وتم تشخيص تسعة انواع من الفطريات المرافقة للبذور وبنسب تردد مختلفة وهذه الانواع هي Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum , Alternaria tenuissima, Rhizopus stotanifer | As it was in this study to isolate several types of fungi associated with the roots and seeds of wheat July 2 certified 1 was diagnosed nine types of fungi associated with seeds and different frequency rates and these types areAspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum, Alternaria tenuissima, Rhizopus stotanifer P. digitatum, Fusarium oxysporum, A.flavus, Fusarium solani, A. alternata. Was diagnosed nine types of fungi isolated from the roots of wheat and the surrounding soil and different frequency rates and these types. A. alternata, A. niger, R. stolanifer, Mucor sp., Trichoderma hazianum, P. notatum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Alternaria tenuissima. Testing was diagnosed two fungal species tested using a technique monomer chain reaction PCR. These species are fungal Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria tenuissima. This study tested the effect of pesticides is a fungal pesticide jungles Granstar and insecticide Wide. The transactions chemical which urea and NaCl in the growth of some fungi isolated from the seeds and roots of wheat as it has been test the effect of different treatments and their interaction in the germination of seeds of wheat on the filter paper and compare nets comparison innate Elsa (Carbendazim) and underwent tests the effects of different treatments and their interaction in radial growth and dry weight of the two types of fungi isolated in the germination of their spores and bacterial length of the tube, as well as test the effect of transactions and their interaction in the germination of seeds in the soil sterile and non - sterile. The results showed that the use of urea and sodium chloride concentration of 15 mg / mL in the treatment of seeds of wheat led to increased germination of these seeds and the impact of a negative in some types of pathogenic fungi associated with them as well as the use of pesticides other than fungal pesticide jungles Granstar and insecticide Wide negative effect also in the vitality Activity and fungi.germination The results showed the existence of significant effects on rates of seeds treated with pesticides and salts on the filter paper analogy transactions comparison since given concentration 15 mg / 10 mL of pesticides and 15 mg / ml of salt are high in the germination of the seed treatment, which exceeded ratios germination of seeds of wheat treatment urea fertilizer treatment fungicide Elsa. As rate ratios germination of wheat seed treatment with urea 96.66%, while the rate ratios germination of seeds of wheat pesticide Elsa 93.33%, followed by treatment of pesticide Wide as rate ratios germination 83.33% and 80.00% for wheat seed when the focus 15 mg / ml of sodium chloride salt treatment, and after treatment Karan Star as the rate of germination rates of seeds of wheat 73.33%. The results showed the existence of significant effects in increasing the proportion of seed germination treatment with pesticides and salts in the soil sterile and non - sterile as it gave the Focus 15 mg / 10 mL of pesticides and 15 mg / ml of salts highest rates of germination of these seeds came these results are compatible with the results of seed germination in the filter paper. The results show that as well as the individual transactions were more influential than the transactions overlap in radial growth and dry weight of fungi testers and their spores germination rates and lengths of germ tubes, as growth rates of radiographic Fungi F. oxysporum and A. tenuissima in the treatment of a mixture Wide and Granstar 11.44, 8.55 mm, respectively, while the rates of diameters of the colonies for the treatment of urea pesticide Wide 33.66 and 26.66 mm, while the pesticide mixture Wide treatment with sodium chloride amounted to 37.00 and 15.00 mm, in while rates were diameters of colonies for the treatment of a mixture Granstar with sodium chloride, 52.66 and 25.00 mm, and the growth rates were radiography for the treatment of pesticide Granstar with urea 25.00 and 11.66 mm, and the growth rates for the treatment of sodium chloride with urea 31.24 and 37.33 mm, compared with the fungicide Elsa, which amounted to the radial growth rates of 8.55 - 11.44 mm Fungi testers respectively.

دراسة علاقة سم Ochra. A بحالات الفشل الكلوي غير معروف الاسباب في محافظة القادسية == Study The Relationship of Ochra.A With Kidney Failure of Unknown Case In Al - Qadisiya Governorate

Author name: هدى رحيم هاشم الموسوي

Supervisor name: بهيجة عبيس حمود الخالدي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Fungi

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد العلاقة بين السموم الفطرية وحالات الفشل الكلوي غير معروف الاسباب لدى المرضى المراجعون الى مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي للفترة من اذار/2012 الى كانون الثاني/2013 والذين تم تشخيصهم من قبل الاطباء المختصون. اظهرت نتائج فحص عينات الادرا | This study was designed to detection the Relationship between some fungi and it’s toxin with Renal falier in patients suffer from Renal falier attended to Al - Diwanyia teaching hospital in period from March/ 2012 to January/ 2013, These patients were diagnosed by physician in above hospital. By using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) the results showed 23.07% from patients blood specimens had Ochratoxin A, 19.23% from patients urine specimens had Ochratoxin A 38.46% from patients had Ochratoxin A in blood and urine where only 59.61% your blood and urine were clear from above toxin, So healthy persons were had Ochratoxin A in your blood and urine by rate 20% 40% respectively and 10% from them had Ochratoxin A in your blood and urine and only 65% from them don’t had Ochratoxin A in their blood and urine.the concentration of Ochratoxin A in blood were ranged between 6.2 - 25.8 ?g/kg from weight boody and 4 - 10.3?g/kg in urine and in healthy reach concentration of Ochratoxin A in blood 2.3 - 3 ?g/kg from weight boody and 4.3 - 4.6 ?g/kg in urine.The data of this study showed the male highly infected 87.5% with ocratoxin while in female 70% and 71 - 80 years age had highly infected 92.85% with ochratoxin A. The results of study of biochemical parameter in patients showed highly raised in WBC and urea and Keratinin to reach to 12000 corpuscle /ml3 310 mg/dl, 12.2 mg /dl respectively and lowed the activity of alkaline phosphates enzyme and albumin into 2.2 u/l, 1.5 gm/dl, respectively and suger 120 mg /dl. The results of isolation and diagnosis by depending on Morphological, Microscopical and Biochemical characters showed there were two species of fungi belong to Aspergillus sp, include A. ochraceaus 25.42%, A. niger 12.71% and A. candidus 15.25% and Candida albicans 46.61% were isolated from urine patients where only C. albicans and C. krusi were isolated from blood of patient by percentage 66.66% and 33.33% respectively. So the results of single PCR method selected to detection the OCR and PSK genes in Aspergills spp which responsible for ochratoxin A production , showed 83.33% from A. ochraceaus isolates had OCR gene (907 bp) and 66.66% from A. nger had PSK gene (584bp)Also the results of this study showed A. ochraceus and A. niger had ability to produce metabolic compounds when grow on yeast - extract broth and these compounds had significant toxic effects(P?0.05) in biochemical parameters in albino rats represented raised number of white blood cells (WBCs) into 10610 cell/µm3, urea into 228 mg/dl and Keratinin into 15 mg/dl in blood of animals which treated with 5000 ?l/kg from metabolic products of above fungi respectively, comparative with control groups 10100 cell/µm3. in other side, these metabolic products caused in same dose lead to lower of albumin and activity of alkaline phosphatase enzyme into 2.8 mg/dl and 3.7 u/l respectively where normal level for this parameter in control groups.Histological study showed the dose of metabolic products 500 - 5000 µl/kg for both fungi caused pathogenic changes in kidney represented by, atrophy highly proliferation of cells in endothelial layer of Bowman's capsules in addition to hemorrhage and Focal agrgregate inflammatory cells.In other side, study of toxicity of ochratoxin A which extracted by using thin layer chromatography (TLC) teqnique from urine and blood of patients and yeast extract broth media that had growth of A. ochraceus and A. niger showed signification effects(P?0.05) for this compound in physiological and biochemical parameters also caused significant effects in histological parameters similar to these effects which occurred in previsious experiments while these effect don’t appear in control groups.

تحديد القابلية التمنعية لمستضد الفوعة لبكتريا (Vi) Chitosan المحملة على حبيبات Salmonella typhi وذيفان الكزاز في الجرذان == Determination of Immunogenicity For Virulence Antigen of Salmonella Typhi Antigen Conjugated To Chitosan And Tetanus Toxoid In Rats

Author name: رغدة سعد محمد العمري

Supervisor name: زياد متعب الخزاعي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A9.pdf

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: This study was carried out during the period from October 2013 to September 2014. Salmonella typhi Samples were obtained from the Central Health Laboratory for the purpose of purification capsular polysaccharide antigen (Vi Ag). Capsular polysaccharide antigen was loaded on chitosan nanoparticle and tetanus toxoid. Recorded results showed that the antibody titers in (T1) Vi Ag + chitosan groups(620.8±364.8) were increased significantly than other groups, it included (T2) Vi Ag group (448±117.73), (T3) Vi + Tetanus toxoid group (537.6±142.53) and (T4) Vi Ag+ Ch. +TT group (121.6±38.4) at (P? 0.05).The documented results of total and differential WBCs counts were showed a significant increment in group (T1) (21020 ± 891.85 cell/1ml) compared with the control group (C) (5500 ± 230.94 cell/1ml) and other groups, it included (T3) group (10740 ± 980.61 cell/1ml), (T4) group (10650 ± 1217.78 cell/1ml) and (T2) group (9980 ± 572.18 cell/1ml) at (p? 0.05). on the other hand, the results of differential count showed elevation in percentage of neutrophils in group (T2) (40 ± 1.89%) compared with the control group (C) (33.3333 ± 0.66%) and other group, it included a (T3) group (33.6 ± 0.67%), (T4) group (34 ± 1.37%) and (T1) group (19.4 ± 0.66%) at (p? 0.05). Results also showed an increase in lymphocytes in the group (T1) (79.2 ± 2.7%) compared with the control group (58.3333 ± 1.76%) and other group, it included (T4) group (62 ± 2.06%), (T3) group (61.2 ± 2.72%) and (T2) group (55.8 ± 1.11%) at (p? 0.05).Also The study included determination the level of gene expression of two clusters of differentiation, CD25 and CD29 gene expression by RT - qPCR. The results of relative gene expression in CD25 gene showed in T4 (5.1936±2.17) were increased significantly than other groups, it included T1 (2.5604±0.64), T2 (3.7032±0.54) and T3 (4.4739±1) at (P? 0.05). The results of relative gene expression in CD29 gene which showed T3 (162.3256±89.52), increased significantly than other groups, it included T1 (33.8276±16.6), T2 (59.6817±26.65), and T4 (37.9605±3.09) at (P? 0.05).This findings were supported by the increment activity determined in lymph nodes of spleen & thymus which increased in size and numbers with active germinal centers. The overall results indicated that the use of chitosan nano particles and tetanus toxoid can enhance and improve the immune response against a given vaccines.