Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the oxidant and antioxidant level in cancer patients in Basrah during the period from the first of October 2002 till the end of April of the 2003. A total of 98 patients were investigated, who were admitted to the Basrah General Hospital, Teaching Hospital and Basrah Hospital for Maternity and Pediatric in Basrah City. They were 52 female patients with breast cancer and 46 leukemic patients (24 male and 22 female). In addition 125 sex and age - matched persons without malignancy served as controls. They were 64 persons as control for leukemic patients (32 male and 32 female) and 61 females as control for breast cancer patients. The haematological parameters measured were haemoglobin concentration(Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) value and white blood cell (WBC) count, while the biochemical parameters measured were glutathione (GSH) level, uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA) and phagocytic activity . The leukemic patients were subclassified into two groups according to their age (30 patients ≤16 years and 16 patients >16 years). The breast cancer patients were subclassified into three groups according to their age (11 females as 25 - 34 years old, 17 females as 35 - 44 years old and 24 females as ≥45 years old). The Hb concentration and PCV value were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in leukemic patients of age group 16 years old ,however, in age group > 16 years old ,the decrease were extremely significant (P<0.001). In breast cancer patients the Hb concentration decreased extremely significantly in all age groups (P<0.001). A highly significant decrease was found in PCV value of age group 35 - 44years old (P<0.01), whereas a significant decrease in 25 - 34 years and  45 years age groups (P<0.05) was observed. The WBC count in leukemic patients showed an increase in WBC count significantly in 16 years old age group (P<0.05) and extremely significant increase in >16 years old age group (P<0.001). In breast cancer the WBC count showed decrease in WBC count significantly in 25 - years old patients (P<0.05), highly significant decrease in 35 - years old patient (P<0.01) and extremely significant decrease in 45 years old patients (P<0.001). There were no significant differenses in Hb concentration, PCV value and WBC count between male and female leukemic patients. The biochemical investigation showed an extremely significant depletion in GSH levels in leukemic and breast cancer patients (P<0.001). The phagocytic activity was extremely significantly decreased in all leukemic patients (P<0.001) and highly significant increase in 25 - 34 years old breast cancer patients (P<0.01), significantly increase in 35 - 44 years old breast cancer patients (P<0.05) and extremely significant increase in  45 years old breast cancer patients (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between male and female leukemic patients in phagocytic activity. The MDA level was highly significantly increased in 16 years old leukemic patients (P<0.01) and extremely significant in >16 years old leukemic patients (P<0.001). In breast cancer the MDA level was highly significant increase in all age groups patients (P<0.01). The investigation of uric acid concentration shows extremely significant increase in all leukemic patients (P<0.001) and highly significance increase in 25 - 34 years old and 35 - 44 years old breast cancer patients (P<0.01). Also shows extremely significant increase in 45 years old breast cancer patients (P<0.001). In conclusion, cancer patients suffer a high degree of ROS formation causing considerable oxidative stress which associated with decrease glutathione level and significant degree of lipid peroxidation.

Author name: هدى حاكم سعدون الاسدي

Supervisor name: ميعاد مهدي الجابري

General topic: Agricultural sciences

Specific topic: Soil and Water

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Agriculture

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: For the purpose of identifying the efficiency of inoculation different genus of fungi isolated from agricultural areas in the bioremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon nearby regions from some the oil fields in the province of Basrah, southern Iraq, and the impact on plant growth as has been selected sites west of Qurna fields and North Rumaila fields, mixed with non - contaminated soil from the same areas at rates of 100% and 75% and 50% to reduce the pollution of oil hydrocarbons ratio.Isolation and purification of two species from fungus Aspergillus (A. niger and A. versicolor), Trichoderma viride and Penicillium citrinum from Five of agricultural areas (Shatt Al - Arab, Garma Ali, Al - Zubair, Al - deer and Abu Al - khaseeb) and studied the possibility of its adaptation and its growth in nutritional media contaminated with the quality of the two regions of oil each separately and inoculated the soil treatments that represent percentages above and inoculated at a temperature of 25 ᵒC to study the total numbers of bacteria and fungi and CO2 amount from Activity microbial in soil and estimated the amount of hydrocarbons broken by the inoculation process fungal soil every 10 days for 60 days of incubation.Agricultural experiment carried out by tested the most efficient of the two fungi in degraded hydrocarbons for each soil and for each contamination level in addition the treatment of a mixture of the most efficient of the two fungi and control treatment (without pollination), left after the treatments for two months with maintaining the humidity at around 75% of field capacity in a way to compensate the weight loss and planted them maize seeds Zea mays L. class Bhooth 106 and after 45 days of germination was estimated proportion of hydrocarbons broken and some parameter of plant growth as a rate of plant length, dry weight of the shoot and the quantity N, P and K absorbed in plant. Were obtained the following results : 1. increase the number of the total fungi and bacteria with time in soils inoculated with isolated fungi to Limit 60 days compared to the control treatment in which the increase lasted only 40 days in the pollution levels of 75% and 100%, while the increase continued to 60 days at the level of 50% of all pollination treatments, including the control treatment.2. increase the amount of CO2 liberated from Bioactivity with time in soil inoculated fungal treatment compared with control treatment and fungal isolates varied in their efficiency to stimulate biological activity, and mitigate pollution of soils to the extent of 50% contributed to the increase in the vital activity of soils represented an increase of the amount of the liberated CO2 .3. inoculation contaminated soils fungal isolates led to increase petroleum hydrocarbon ratio analysis with time and varied fungal isolates in their ability to biodegraded hydrocarbon wholly followed the following sequence : Aspergillus niger > Penicillium citrinum > Trichoderma - viride > Aspergillus versicolor in the soil of North Rumaila and sequence : Penicillium citrinum < Trichoderma viride < Aspergillus niger <Aspergillus versicolor in soils west of Qurna fields and gave the pollution level 50% higher analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon ratio compared to levels of 75% and 100%.4. Inoculate all levels of contamination by fungal isolates most efficient led to increasing lengths and dry weight of the plant maize and increase the quantity absorbed N, P and K by the plant and were observed increase in the proportion of hydrocarbons degraded at the end of the agricultural experiment.5. Soil North Rumaila showed a response to the inoculation of fungi in all levels of contamination of soil over Western Qurna fields in terms of the total numbers of fungi and bacteria and amount of the liberated CO2 and hydrocarbon ratio degradation as well as an increase in parameters of all the maize plant growth.6. The fungus Penicillium citrinum and Trichoderma viride Showed more efficient in increasing the activity and bioremediation in soil Western Qurna fields, while the fungus Aspergillus niger is the most efficient in the soil of the North Rumaila