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دور المسلسلات التلفزيونية في تشكيل صورة العراق : دراسة تحليلية ميدانية == Studies TV Series Role In Shaping The Image Of Iraq Compared To The Fallopian Iraqi And Alsharqiya Study

Author name: زينة سعد نوشي
Supervisor name: عمار طاهر محمد العامري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان اهتمام القنوات الفضائية العراقية المتزايد بالتطورات والاحداث في العراق، قد جعل عملية انتاج المسلسلات التلفزيونية فيها لها وسائلها واساليبها وفلسفتها الخاصة، اذ لم تعد المسلسلات التلفزيونية مجرد مادة للتسلية والترفيه، وانما اضحت وسيلة للحصول على المعلو | Accessories Zena Saad Noshee TV series role in shaping the image of the Iraq Study compared the Iraqi channels and Eastern doctoral thesis, Faculty of Information, University of Baghdad 0.2015.The growing interest of the Iraqi satellite channel developments and events in Iraq, has made the production of TV series in which a process of the means, methods and its own philosophy, as TV series are no longer just a matter of amusement and entertainment, but has become a way to get information and access to the most prominent images from Iraq after a year in 2003, in order to create trends with or against this or that party or for the benefit of this process or that, as well as directed targets enterprise media and policy information to events, hence this study was to figure out the image provided on Iraq in Iraqi Satellite TV channels, especially after twelve passage years of occupation and the developments of events in Iraq To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher using the style of content analysis to identify the contents of each of the series "years under the ashes," and the series "House role" in the two channels spacecraft, one governmental private and the other two Iraqi channel and Eastern Channel, was chosen in a deliberate, in an attempt to detect the basic themes Each channel has sought to confirm them in the context of showing the image of Iraq, and the study sample consisted of (60) ring, at the rate of 30 episodes per series.And adopted a researcher on the content analysis tool in the process of conducting the analysis, through design analysis form in the light of the survey, were subject For measures of validity and reliability before being applied to the analysis of the content of series have, subject of the study, as well as the use of the questionnaire and building a special measure has been the reliance on hypotheses cultivation theory, in order to figure out the image formed on Iraq to the Iraqi public, where the questionnaire distributed to the research sample the (600) form the audience the city of Baghdad in each of the judicial Karkh and RusafaThe researcher has identified targets for study were as follows : : 1. Identify the nature of the subjects addressed by the local TV series2. Investigate the most prominent images covered by the local TV series.3. The disclosure of the dimensions and features the image of Iraq in Iraqi fallopian Series and Eastern.4. The comparison between the image of Iraq presented in the Series Iraqi channels and Eastern.5. Identify the public exposure of Baghdad local television serials on satellite channels pattern.6. Identify the motives of public exposure of the local TV Series.The results of the study that both channels (the (Iraqi)) and ((East)) had contact with interest to the issues of Iraq and events, but differed in the proportion of interest on topics and images for post - 2003 type The study pointed to the existence of an agreement between the two channels in some Pictures provided on Iraq and different in others, and it was the most important findings of the study is the difference negative unit amount which characterized the Iraqi channel Al - Sharqiya in the handling of the image of Iraq as image attributes for Iraq in the eastern channel was more negative than came out in the ethnic channel, The results also showed a majority of the Iraqi public's reliance on Iraqi Satellite TV channels in the follow - up TV series, the study recommended the need for the Iraqi media organizations, unlike real and positive about what is happening in Iraq 's are far from sectarian, factional and political trends partisan, and contained treatise on (69) Software and (2) Supplements.

العلاقات العامة التسويقية للاحزاب العراقية ودورها في ترتيب اولويات الجمهور : دراسة ميدانية لجمهور مدينة بغداد == The Public Relation Marketing For The Iraq Parties And Its Role In Agenda Setting Of Public Preliminaries Survey Study For Baghdad City Audience

Author name: خلف كريم كيوش علي التميمي
Supervisor name: علي جبار الشمري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Public Relation Marketing For The Iraq parties and its Role in Agenda setting of public preliminaries Survey Study for Baghdad city Audience. The public relation marketing became one of the necessities of the political and party life which is regarded as the joining point among all the political parties and audience and being responsible for the processes of explanation, presentation and marketing operations for the ideas and notions of any political party whose activities and means play an important and dangerous role in the formation or building of the public opinion and pushing the groups towards ideas, opines of view and directions of the parties in spite of these audiences of the away from each other from the geographical or disharmonic demography points of view، and can identify the research problem by asking President : (what is the role of marketing public relations for political parties in the order public) priorities? Accordingly, it has targeted current research is primarily the extent of the impact of marketing public relations for political parties in the order of public priorities, and follow the researcher in this research descriptive method to detect and identify the relationship between the different variables of the study of the extent of the prioritization of the public the city of Baghdad by exposure to activities public relations marketing political parties across the field study, may represent a targeted community in this research audience the city of Baghdad, it has reached a number of search results, most notably : First. Conclusion : The present study has arrived at the following conclusions : 1 - The conclusion of the present study emphasized that the objectives of the audience participation in the communicative activities for the political parties is for the purpose of acquaintance towards the current affairs which occupied the first rank.2 - The majority of the sample individuals showed that all of them are agreeable with for the marketing public relation which contributed in the establishment of a number of information ,knowledge and ideas related with the political production market.3 - The majority of the results of the sample demonstrated that the goals of the marketing for the political parties supplied them with new information that pulled their attention that they do not know them before.4 - Moreover , the majority of the results for the sample showed that the activates of the activities of the marketing public relation for the political parties is equivalent with its performance within the present stage that Iraq passes by.5 - The majority of the public relation for the political parties deliberately ignored the political matters that disagree with the party issues.6 - At last but not at least, the conclusions of the present study demonstrated that the party communicative means increased the attention of the meant sample in their attending of the symposiums and meetings which are held by the political parties.

الاساليب والاتجاهات الدعائية في الصحافة الحزبية الكردية الصادرة باللغة العربية ازاء الحكومة الاتحادية : دراسة تحليلية لمضامين المقال السياسي في جريدتي الاتحاد، التاخي للمدة من 1/1/2013 الى 30/6/2013 م == Styles And Trends Propaganda In Kurdish Party'S Newspapers Published In Arabic Towards The Federal Government Study Ofcontents Of Political Articles In The Journals Of "Al - Ittihad" And "Al - Ttaakhi" From 1/1/2013 To 30/6/2013

Author name: حيــدر غازي حسيــن
Supervisor name: نزهت محمود نفل الدليمي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الوظيفة الدعائية اهم وظائف الصحف الحزبية في الحرب والسلم على حد سواء، ومع تزايد التنافس والصراع الحزبي بين القوى السياسية العراقية تتصاعد وتيرة التوظيف الدعائي لتلك الصحف، وبوجود مكاسب تسعى الاحزاب الكردية تحقيقها من جانب ووجود اختلافات في بعض القضاي | Propaganda plays a significant role in the party's newspapers in peace and war times, and the increasing competition and struggle between the Iraqi political powers result in an increasing insinuation of propagandic discourse in newspapers. Kurdish parties seek to promote their political interests through covering some disputes over some unsolving issues with the federal government. This leads the Kurdish political parties insinuate their newspapers with such propogandic content especially those published in Arabic targeting a great audience, namely, the dailies of "Al - ittihad" belonging to the Kurdistan Patriotic Union Party and " Al - ttaakhi " belonging to Kurdistan Democratic Party. It is only through this, the present study comes into being to investigate the political content of these two dailies covering the time period 1/1 - 30/6/2013. This time period has witnessed a number of incidents such as the approval of budget, the share of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, the anniversary of Halabja?s genocide, and the like of incidents. It is the aim of this study to unveil the main topics which are deliberately utilized as propagandic and the main persuasive techniques used in such kind of propagandic content as well as the semantic aspect and function of this content. The researcher has adopted a quantitative analysis including surveying and content analysis and a qualitative analysis. The theoretical background presents and reviews the principles of persuasive discourse, the relationship between the political Kurdish parties and the Iraqi political process since 2003, the controversial issues between the federal government and the Kurdish parties and how the Kurdish parties? newspapers deal with such matters and the kind of propagandic content used by these political parties. The analysis of political articles has revealed that these newspapers resort to negative themes such as the malfunction ofthe government, the administrative and social problems of the government, the misuse of press and media and the like. The research is concluded with the finding that the propagandic discourseuses a lot of techniques such as justification, passing attributes, holding comparisons and analogies, the use of linguistic devices, underestimation, compensation, humiliation, amplification, mental images and the like. In the light of conclusions arrived, the researcher has suggestedthe following recommendations : - Building a propagandic steering center. - Publishing componential newspapers. These recommendations are suggested to enhance the governmental press and media and to guarantee the freedom of press, and being away from political attacking and party's own interest

مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي ودورها في تشكيل الراي العام لدى طلبة جامعات اقليم كردستان : الفيسبوك نموذجا

Author name: باقر داود حسين
Supervisor name: عبد الامير الفيصل
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لقد احدثت وسائل الاعلام ومنذ ظهور اول وسيلة اعلامية والمتمثلة بالصحيفة وما تبعها من وسائل الاعلام الاخرى، حراكا سياسيا واجتماعيا في المجتمع البشري ربما لم تستطع وسائل اخرى ان تحدثه. ويعود هذا التاثير الى ما تمتلكه هذه الوسائل من خواص واليات قادرة على

المعالجة الاخبارية للازمات الامنية المحلية في الفضائيات التلفزيونية العراقية واتجاهات النخبة الاعلامية ازاءها : دراسة تحليلية مسحية == Treatment News Local Security Crises In The Iraqi Satellite Television And Trends Against Whi Ch The Elite Media Analytical Study Survey

Author name: اسماعيل علوان عبيد
Supervisor name: سعد مطشر عبد الصاحب علي الفريداوي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هذا البحث يعنى بالمعالجات الاخبارية التي قدمتها الفضائيات التلفزيونية العراقية (الشرقية، العراقية، بغداد) لاخبار الازمات الامنية بالتطبيق على النشرات الاخبارية الرئيسة التي تناولت ازمة اقتحام ساحة اعتصام الحويجة في 23/4/2013، وازمة قتل الجنود الخمسة قرب | This study concerned with the extent of the existence of a relationship between the Iraqi satellite television, security and crises witnessed, Iraq and witnessed as one of the media which exposed members of the community, which is an attempt to look at the news processors provided by these channels for news security crises application newsletters key which dealt storm crisis Square sit Hawija, and the crisis of killing five soldiers near the Square sit - gray, and the extent of observance of the criteria provided by the theory of social responsibility in those processors security in times of crisis.The study seeks to identify how they dealt with the Iraqi satellite television under study with the news local security crises research sample, through knowledge of attention given to the size of each crisis from the research sample crises, through the study and analysis of news treatments provided to news crises in its news bulletins President, quantified and to identify the news frameworks adopted by each satellite from the satellite channels under study with both crises, the study sample in its processors news, as well as to identify the extent of adoption of the Iraqi media elite sample search on Iraqi satellite television under study as sources for news security crises, and how to achieve case sufficiently, and saturation of information from the viewpoint of the elite sample, and to identify the extent of the cognitive component among the media elite consensus research sample with frameworks posed by satellite under study in its processors news for both crises research sample according to the model adopted by the study, and also to identify the extent of news processors provided by the satellite's commitment under study, the standards established by the theory of social responsibility through the assessment of the Iraqi media elite research sample for these processors.The study included seven chapters, and based on three theories two of which theories of communication media, namely the theory frameworks news analysis, and the theory of mutual dependence on the media, and other media standard is the social responsibility theory, and included a general introduction to the science of crisis management, and to identify the characterization theoretical local security crises , and the relationship of the media crises, also addressed the newsletter TV, news TV security, and its components, and controls, and privacy news processors conducted it, and the relationship of the ownership of the means processors news, and the entrance in all directions, and the elite and the characterization of the media elite and their characteristics, and factors influencing it, and trends elite media, has been reviewing the results of analytical studies and surveys and read their results in the most prominent, and test Hypotheses.And used the study approach the descriptive analysis, and style content of the study analytical analysis, also used the study curriculum descriptive in incising the survey, based on building questions studies and hypothesis on two theories communication media are theoretical frameworks news analysis, and the theory of interdependence to the media, and the theory of media standard is the social responsibility theory , to evaluate the news processors provided by satellite under study based on the criteria that are based on her this theory, as was the use of survey method comparative to conduct some intra comparisons regarding some study axes, and reached the analytical study of quantitative in both, and qualitative, and the study surveys a number of results was most notably the following : - 1 - It became clear from the analysis of news treatments provided through newsletters from the main satellite in the study that there is considerable variation in the use of means of attribution, and the highlight of each crisis crises of the research sample, depending on the ownership of the means, and editorial policy. 2 - Shows a clear contrast sized news coverage provided by satellite under study in its processors news of the three stages of the crises of the research sample.3 - Based on the criteria provided by the theory of social responsibility show after news processors crises research sample analysis not to replace the satellite study these standards adopted by the commitment of this theory.4 - Most of the respondents pointed out that these channels under study ascertains them saturation of information about the security crises for submission to news coverage aspect of the crisis, and insufficient information about them.5 - Trends most cognitive respondents were in line with the frameworks provided by the news channels under study across processors news for both crises research sample. 6 - came directions elite media compatible with the findings of the analytical study of the lack of commitment by satellite under study theory of social responsibility standards when submitting news security crises

الصحافة العراقية ومستويات معرفة الجمهور بقضايا الفساد : دراسة مسحية لجمهور مدينة بغداد == The Iraqi Press And The Audience Knowledge Levels With Corruption Issues A Survey Study On The Public Of Baghdad City

Author name: اريج ناظم يونس سيالة
Supervisor name: هاشم حسن جاسم التميمي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Areej Nadhim Younos Syiala, the Iraqi Press and levels of Public knowledge of corruption issues - survey of the public of Baghdad city. Ph.D research, university of Baghdad, college of media, press section, 2017.This research examines the relationship between the Iraqi press on its various directions (semi official, party, independent and individual newspapers) by addressing the issues of corruption, and the levels of public knowledge of these issues. This research aims to achieve main objective. Answers on questions and hypotheses of the study. And is related to its importance (measuring, the levels of knowledge of the public subject of research on corruption issues).Through the public's knowledge of the corruption issues. By Iraqi newspapers shed light on these issues. By analysis, interpretation and explanation through the arts of various journalism (news, report, investigation, talk and press article).The research included two levels of first questions : the exposure of the public to the Iraqi newspaper's, the level of information it has about corruption issues, and the second level : questions related to measuring levels of public knowledge of corruption issues.The research also included a number of hypotheses. The first assumption : is that there is a significant statistical correlation between the degree of the public's reliance on Iraqi newspapers in their knowledge of corruption issues.And the extent of the contribution of these newspapers to the public and the art of press editing and sources of information that he trusts and the age of the public and his profession and exposure to Iraqi newspapers. Second : assume that there is no linear correlation between the standard of living of the public and the exposure to Iraqi newspapers. The research was based on the descriptive approach that describes the phenomenon in its present state. In order to arrive at accurate data and answers, the descriptive approach was used in both descriptive and analytical terms.The research used three research tools : interview, questionnaire and measure the levels of public knowledge of corruption issues. And to measure the hierarchy of corruption issues according to the interests of the public.The research was also based on a randomized multi - stage sample, with geographic areas selected in stages, and randomly so that they move from a large area to a smaller area at each stage.The sample size selected from the city of Baghdad was (415) single one of the main finding of the thesis is that Iraqi newspapers in the eyes of the public in question contributed to increasing their knowledge of corruption issues.As well as other results related to the relationship between the Iraqi press and levels of public knowledge of corruption issues. And levels of dependence on them to obtain this knowledge and levels of exposure to it.The research recommended the need to activate the focus of cultural awareness on corruption issues and conduct periodic and scientific surveys to measure public knowledge of corruption issues, and strive to deepen the culture of investigative journalism, and its practice on a broad media scale and work on the drafting of a draft law. (right to get information).The research contains (50) schedules and (14) form and (6) appendix.

اتجاهات الاكاديميين والصحفيين الرياضيين ازاء المؤسسات الرياضية في العراق == Attitudes Of The Academics And Sports Journalists Toward Sports Institutions In Iraq

Author name: احمد ناهي عطية
Supervisor name: ناهض فاضل زيدان الجواري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الرياضة هي منتج حضاري لها اثر كبير في حركة الجماعات والافراد ولها الدور في ابراز دور الاوطان واثرها في نشر ثقافة المحبة والصداقة والسلام، ولم تبحث الرياضة القرن الماضي عن الربح المادي، بل انها كانت تمارس كهواية وحب في تحقيق الانجازات للبلد من خلال رفع ا | The Sports is a cultural product which has a great impact on the movement of groups and individuals and has a role in highlighting the role of homelands and their effect on spreading the culture of love, friendship and peace. The last century sports did not search for the material profit, but it was practiced as a hobby and a love to fulfill the achievements for the country through raising the flag. The countries especially the socialist ones specify great amounts of money for the sports and the youth to enlist them according to a certain ideology so as to prevent them from deviation towards negative life; therefore, the ex - Soviet Union and Democratic Germany were controlling the Olympic games and tried to excel the western and capitalist countries then, and the sports institutions in both countries were strongholds of the world sports champions. Yet, the changes occurred to the world in 1980s led to the collapse of Soviet Union and the unification of Germany with its two parts after the demolition of the Berlin Wall at the beginning of 1990s led to a change in the sports concepts and its move from a hobby to a professionalism, as well as the sports conversion from money and resources consumer to a vital product and domain to develop the States' economies which know how to employ then in the right place. As to Iraq's sports, it is still lost between a hobby and professionalism and till now did not know which ways should take to reach the goal it wishes to reach. This study aimed at identifying the attitudes of sports academics and journalists towards the sports institutions in Iraq. Also, the study aimed at having information about the sports issues and the association extent of the audience specifically the sports academics and journalists with the performance of sports institutions. The study showed that the Iraqi sports institutions took and passed many steps and attempts at the level of developing the sports work, yet these steps did not find their way into execution till after 2003, specifically in 2011 when the Act of Ministry of Youth and Sports was passed, thus it still needs many acts and the government support. The study also explained that the Iraqi sports faced and still facing many problems including the football sports ban and the Iraqi athletes being far away from achieving sports achievement. The first of these problems was the result of the nature of the existing relationship which witnesses an intersection between the departments of sports institutions in some sports situations and issues. Despite the current direction of the central government aiming at taking interest in sports, supporting the sports institutions, awarding the holders of good results, not interfering in the football affair, embarking the construction of a number of stadiums and sports halls in the form that meet the athletes and the audiences' needs, yet many procedures of sports institutions are still weak and did not find their way to success in reality yet. Every progress or success at the level of applying the duties and decisions of sports institutions undoubtedly means a greater effectiveness and effect of planning and then leads to the development of the sports reality in different games. Thus, it is necessary to advance in the treatment of the negative impacts created by the previous governments and their leadership of the sports work and to provide the greatest amount of the basic requirements and facilitations to athletes by increasing the financial support, passing laws needed by the Iraqi sports, supervision and following - up, developing the sports work, taking care of the famous athletes so as to reach the sports achievements in different games, taking care of old athletes, giving the greatest role to the sports academics, increasing the interest in the disabled sports, embracing the athletes of various ages, finding the solutions to develop feminine sports, taking care of the disabled athletes, increasing the cooperation size with sports journalists, enlarging the audience awareness in various sports affairs. In order to arrive at the study aims, the researcher had constructed a scale form consisting of three axes and after extracting the validity and reliability, it was applied to a sample of (415) academics and journalists selected by the intentional sample which was one of the non - probable samples types and distributed on four places (both Colleges of Physical Education, College of Physical Education for Women/University of Baghdad, College of Physical Education for Women/Al - Mustansiriyah University, and the Iraqi Federation of Sports Journalism). The researcher used the descriptive method by designing the scale form consisting of two parts : the first part : the demographic information of respondents, and the second part : the form questions numbered (50) questions selected by the respondent from the scale five choices laid by the researcher. After gathering and treating the data statistically and using the split law of Pearson correlation coefficient, the researcher arrived at the following results : 1 - There were no significant differences in the study demographic variables (genre, age, academic achievement, occupation, the number of service years) in the attitudes of sports academics and journalists, which indicated that their opinions were even on the study three axes. 2 - The study showed that (92.5%) of respondents affirmed that the sports institutions should basically rely on the government support, which signified the need of those clubs of its aid in finding investment opportunities. 3 - The majority (97.5%) of respondents affirmed the scarcity of the declarations of sports institutions' leaders, because those declarations were precise and resulted from a search and study because the sports media and the sports audience would not be silent on the contradictions and the imprecision in the declarations; therefore, they were scarce. 4 - The study showed that (91.2%) of the sample believed in the contribution of media in forming the positive attitudes about the sports institutions, which assured the care of media and media institutions in conveying and communicating all the positive activities of sports institutions which served the Iraqi sports to the audience. 5 - The study showed that (65%) of the research sample confirmed that the sports institutions did not provide the care to the pioneers of sports reporters and journalists, which indicated the need of sports institutions to prepare a law draft concerned with the sports reporters and journalists as same as the sports pioneers and champions, or legislate a new amendment of the sports champions and pioneers' law. The research was finished with conclusions and recommendations as well as references used by the researcher, appendices and an English abstract of the research.

التفاعلية في مواقع القنوات الفضائية ودورها بتعزيز حرية الراي والتعبير : دراسة تحليلية ميدانية == Interactive Satellite Sites And The Role Of Promoting Freedom Of Opinion And Expression Analytical Study Field

Author name: احمد عبد الستار حسين الربيعي
Supervisor name: عمار طاهر محمد العامري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد التفاعلية واحدة من اهم السمات التي اوجدتها الثورة التكنولوجية الحديثة للاتصال والتي ساهمت بنقل الاعلام المرئي والمسموع الى مرحلة جديدة ومتقدمة تقوم على الانفتاح وعرض وجهات النظر واعطاء الجمهور المزيد من الدور ليكون فاعلا في العملية الاتصالية، فقد ا | The Interaction in the Websites of the Space Channels And Its Role in the Reinforcement of Ones Opinion and Expression Freedom An Analytic and Field Study. The interaction is considered the most important characteristic which has been created by the modern technological revolution for the communication that contributed in the process of conveying both of visual and audible media new and advanced stage based on the opening and show of the points of vieul and giving the mass the increasing role to be more interactive in the communicative process ; the technological developments , represented by the appearance of the internet for the space channels , created an opportunity for the development its styles and means represented by the erection of news websites and pages on the social communicative nets which are regarded its communicative sites that extend the communicative bridges among or with the mass that lead to the process of obtaining or getting the required information and the achievement of its wishes for expressing ones points of view. Depending on what has been already mentioned above , the present study deals with the treatment of the subject of the interaction in the websites of the space channels and their effective role in the reinforcement of both expression which has been tackled by the researcher by the process of raising the following question.What is the interaction which has been created or done by the websites of the space channels and its pages on the social communicative nets and what is its role in the reinforcement of the opinion and expression freedom among the mass ? The present study sheds the light on the interactive tools which have been supplied by the space channels which are the sample of the present research in their websites and pages on the nets of the social communication for the achievement of the five interactive diemensions namely ( the variety of choices , the easiness of information addition , the content participation , the easiness of the personal connection and the evaluation diemension) and to be acquainted with the patterns and traditions of mass use of the space channels websites and their pages on the social communicative nets , and looking for the goals which stand behind the mass interaction with the space channels websites and their pages on the social communicative nets , in addition to the process of finding out the most distinctive subjects or topics that mass does prefer the interaction with on the websites of the space channels and their pages on the nets of the social communication , and how to limit the shapes and the direct and indirect methods or ways which have been used by the mass for the purpose of the interaction with the websites of the space channels and their pages on the nets of social communication. It can also be said that the present research or study is researcher used the surveying procedure represented by its two branches , namely , the mass surveying and the content analysis style as a branch of the surveying program. The researcher basically depended upon the deliberate sample in the choice of particular websites channels namely (AL - Sharqia - AL - Arabia and AL - Hurra) , and their pages on the social communicative nets as a sample on which the analysis was carried or achieved in its analytic trend which is represented or being characterized by all the websites and pages of the social communicative nets which belong to the Iraqi , Arab and foreign space channels which are directed by the Arabic Language respective. The researcher has chosen his sample , fox his field study , from the people who live in Diyala Governorate of its six districts through different stages. In the first stage , he basically depended on the numerous stages sample to limit the districts of Diyala Governorate ; in the second stage, the researcher depended upon the sharing sample to limit the share of each district from the sample , and then , the researcher tackled or dealt with the deliberate sample for the choice of the sample individuals in a deliberate way who are (482) in number who are actually interactive with the websites of the space channels and their pages on the nets of the social communication who live in Diyala Governorate who are 18 years old or those who exceed this age. The researcher has used a number of the tools or means for the fulfillment of the goals of his present study or research represented by the questionnaire of the content analysis accompanied by the scientific note , and the measurement and investigation questionnaire. The researcher has actually arrived at a number of conclusions and suggestions. They are as follows : 1. The news websites for the space channels and their pages paid much care and attention on the social communicative nets which are the sample of the research for the available supply of a group of means or tools which is capable for the achievement of the five interactive diemensions which are depended by the researcher in the private measure within the study or research , but this kind of care did not arrive at the required which are created by the technological developments. 2. It has been observed that the news websites for the Arabia channel and its pages were highly successful if they were compared with twitter on one hand and youtube , on the other websites and pages of both AL - Sarqia and AL - Hurra through its supply for the interactive tools or means whereas , the page of AL - Sarqia channel has achieved success against the Facebook on the two pages of both the Arabia and AL - Hurra channels of through the process of obtaining or getting the majority of marks which are more than the measure of the available interactive tools or means. 3. The majority of the sample of the present study or research prefer the use of the pages of the space channels on the facebook permanently , whereas the points of view of the sample towards the news websites for the space channels and their pages on twitter have been divided into two groups namely some of them use such websites or they sometimes use them. 4. The majority of the sample demonstrated that the interaction with the websites of the space channels and their pages on the social communicative nets increases their information concerning The current affairs and enrich and strengthen their freedom for expressing their points of view and attitudes. 5. Finally , it has been found that the conclusions arrived at demonstrated that the test for the hypotheses of the research achieved all the hypotheses and proved its authenticity

القيم السائدة في الاعلان التجاري التلفزيوني وانعكاسها على السلوك الشرائي للجمهور العراقي == The Prevailed Values In TV Commercials Advertisements And Their REFLections On The Purchasing Behavior Of The Iraqi Public

Author name: عبد الستار حميد جديع الدليمي
Supervisor name: عبد المحسن سلمان الشافعي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: عنوان الدراسة : (القيم السائدة في الاعلان التجاري التلفزيوني وانعكاسها على السلوك الشرائي للجمهور العراقي) دراسة مسحية على عينة من جمهور مدينة بغداد قوامها (526) مبحوث.في ظل تعاظم التاثير الاعلامي بحياة الفرد، والذي اصبح فيه التلفزيون من اهم وسائل تعلم ال | The title of the thesis "The Prevailed Values in TV Commercials Advertisements and Their Reflections on the Purchasing Behaviour of the Iraqi Public" a survey study of Baghdad province people for "526". In the shed of the greatening massmediat effect in the life of the individual, in which T.V. become one of the most important means of acquiring the value beside the traditional sources like family, school, and mosques, where the individual find this matter by the repeated exposure for pictures & concentrated messages and familiar for the audience in the commercials, so we can feel the importance of the commercials as social & cultural motive. From the results of the thesis, it became clear that the commercials work as an enhancing factor that support the connection between the value of the product, and the personal values of the audience, where they form inner relation between the commercials and the values used by the advertiser, where this value is considered advertising strings which the commercial based on to pursued the audience, as well these values reflect the personal values and values pattern the prevailed values in society, the study was divided into five chapters and as follow : chapter one : the curriculum frame of the study, chapter two : the prevailed values in the commercials and their reflection on the social system, chapter three : T.V. commercials between the achieved possibilities and the economical social effects, chapter four : the purchasing behaviour of the consumer and the factors effecting it, and chapter five : the field study "the applying frame of the study". The results of the field study proved through the questionnaire list by identifying the peeks came in the commercial and which have an effect on the behaviour of the Iraqi consumer by the way of some sentences in the questionnaire and responded the sample's individuals in addition to that the field study proved that there is a positive trend between the traditional values used in the commercials like respecting the old, group spirit, the religious values, distinguishing & uniqueness, rest & health, where most of the sample individual agreed on and that the study proved that there are some negative values that appeared in the commercials and admit that their effect is big on the public purchasing behaviour toward certain products like sex values, individual values, consuming values, motivating to take great interest in the outlook, and imitating others. As well, the repeating the commercials on T.V. channels generate sustain existence of that product in the memory of the consumer, and the most attracting method of commercials on T.V. for the products is by acting.

العلاقات العامة وادارة الازمات في قطاع الطاقة : دراسة تحليلية للمدة من 1/1/2010 ولغاية 31/12/2013 == Public Relations And Crisis - Management In Energy Sector An Analytical Study From 1/1/2010 To 31/12/2013

Author name: سارة جمال منعم الزبيدي
Supervisor name: ارادة زيدان الجبوري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتناول هذا البحث (العلاقات العامة وادارة الازمات في قطاع الطاقة) ثلاث وزارات خدمية مهمة هي : النفط، والكهرباء، والموارد المائية في محاولة للوقوف على اهم الازمات التي تواجه تلك الوزارات وكيف تم التعامل معها وادارتها، اذ يهتم البحث بدراسة العلاقات العامة واد | This study deals with (Public Relations and crisis - Management in Energy Sector) in three important service ministries : Oil, Electricity and Water Resources in an attempt to tackle the most important crises dealt with by these ministries. The research crises for public relations and crises management. In spite of the importance of the topic, it did not get the big share in the media studies, especially that the ministries tackled here are service ministries that are related directly to the masses. The study aims at the mechanism of crises management in the sector starting from the diagnosis of the most important reasons of crises and ending with the criteria for evaluation of preformation. In addition to that, the study aims at knowing the role of public relations in the crises management and an attempt to come up with recommendations that could contribute to the enhancement of the worker performance in crises management. This research is classified within the descriptive studies as the researcher used the survey approach. The researcher made a survey of the news content in daily news bulletin of the ministries of energy sector by using the method of comprehensive restriction of the news issued by those three ministries within the period from (31/1/2010 to 31/12/2013). In addition to the survey of the internal masses specialized in represented in the team of the crises management in the three ministries sectors to reach to the data and information that are hardly to get in the other means. The researcher prepared a questionnaire form that includes a number of pivots that are distributed to the team of crises management of (77) respondents in the ministries.The nature of the study required the division into five chapters : Chapter One the theoretical framework of the study tackles (the problem, importance, objectives and scopes of the study as well as the approaches and tool also the previous studies that are related to the study. Chapter Two includes the concept of crises and the theoretical management in three inquiries : the first deals with the concept of crises and the related concepts; the second includes the means of diagnosing crisis in terms of characteristics, reasons and the curricula used, and the third inquiry is to clarify the crises management in terms of concept and the different between crises management and the measurement of crises management.Chapter Three is entitled public relations and the crises management in the three inquiries : the first inquiry tackles the public relations and the relation of the crises management and the activity practice, the second is about the employment of public relations for the tools of soft power in the crises international management, and the third inquiry studies to show how to crises management media. Chapter Four tackles the analytical aspect of the study. It includes the analysis of the media bulletin of the ministries of energy in three inquiries : the first tackles the analysis of the daily media bulletins of the Ministry of Oil; the second tackles the analysis of the daily media bulletins of the Ministry of Electricity; and the third tackles the analysis of the daily media bulletins of the Ministry of Water Resources.Chapter Five is devoted to the analysis of data and showing the results of the team of crises management in the ministries of energy in three inquires : the first inquiry includes data analysis and showing the results of the team of crises management in the Ministry of Oil, and the second includes data analysis showing the results of the team of crises management in the ministry of Electricity while the third inquiry includes data analysis showing the results of the team of crises management in the ministry of Water Resources.

صورة وسائل الاعلام الاميركية الموجهه للعراق لدى جمهور مدينة بغداد == The Image Of Us Media - Oriented Among The Audience Of Baghdad City

Author name: رنا عبد اللطيف حامد العزاوي
Supervisor name: عبد المحسن سلمان الشافعي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ملخص الاطروحة : تعد الولايات المتحدة الامريكية من ابرز الدول التي استخدمت وسائل الاعلام في تنفيذ سياستها الخارجية لتصدير افكارها ورسائلها، وفق سياقات واطر مختلفة منها العولمة، والديمقراطية، وحقوق الانسان، والحرية، كاهداف معلنه للراي العام، وكانت المنطقة ال | The United States is one of the most prominent countries which used media in executing its external policy to export its own ideas and agendas under different frameworks and contexts including globalization, democracy, human rights and freedom as an announced aims for the public opinion. The Arab region was the most targeted with this policy. in an attempt to win the Arab public opinion in general and in particular the Iraq public opinion. To Form its image, The United States worked on creating television channels and radio stations in Arabic language oriented to the Arab audience in general and in particular to the Iraqis including : Alhurra - Iraq Satellite Channel, Radio Sawa and Free Iraq Radio.For this reason, our current thesis came to detect the image formed by the Iraqi public about the US media, and through which we will discover the image that the United States seeks to be formed.The Thesis used “survey method Media”, By scanning the media audience, and used for that “newspaper questionnaire tool” which applied on Baghdad audience. The Thesis also hired other research tools which are : - Scientific observation, which is a codified form to gain information about a certain phenomenon - Personal Interviews, which is an interview to collect data from people in charge of communication by interviewing them face to face to clarify some of the ambiguities.The main results of the thesis are as follows : - The thesis revealed the success of the US media - oriented "under study" in forming a positive image about the United States among the Iraqi public, the positive image came up in a big percentage among the audience. - The thesis revealed that the United States sought to improve its image in the Arab region in general and Iraq in particular, after marred by a lot of distortion as a result of the disastrous mistakes made by the US administration during the occupation of Iraq. - The thesis revealed that US media - oriented Is one of the important sources of political, cultural and social information to the Iraqi public; being widely watched by them - US media - oriented received high rates of preference among the Iraqi public, Alhurra Iraq Channel came first, Radio Sawa came second and finally Free Iraq Radio. - US media - oriented hired all technical tools to effect the targeted audience (Iraqi audience)and the thesis revealed that young people were the most targeted to influence them and form their opinions about controversial issues around the world.

اتجاهات الصحافة المصرية نحو السياسة الامريكية في العراق : دراسة تحليل مضمون المقال الافتتاحي في جريدتي الاهرام والاسبوع للمدة من 9/4/2003 لغاية 15/12/2005 == The Egyptian Press Orientations Towards The American Policy In Lraq Deals With Analysis Study of The Opening Article In Al - Ahram And Elaosboa Newspapers From 9\4\2003 To 15\12\2005

Author name: مؤيد خلف حسين الدليمي
Supervisor name: عدنان عبد المنعم احمد ابو السعد
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتناول هذة الاطروحة دراسة اتجاهات الصحافة المصرية نحو السياسة الامريكية في العراق.دراسة تحليل مضمون المقال الافتتاحي في جريدتي الاهرام والاسبوع للمدة من ( 9|4 |2003 لغاية 15 |12 |2005 ). وتناول هذا البحث متغيران هما اتجاهات وموقف الصحافة المصرية السياسة | The tendencies and attitudes of the egypian journalism are two variables tackled in this study.the researcher depends on available sources to gather the theoretic subjects from the libraries - also he has gained opening articles of microfilms from al - as

دور وسائل الاعلام في تشكيل اتجاهات اعضاء مجلس النواب ازاء الازمات == The Role of Mass Media In The Formation of Attitudes of The Arliament Members Towards The Crises

Author name: فتح الله غازي اسماعيل الساعدي
Supervisor name: هاشم حسن جاسم التميمي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: رافق تطور الحياة السياسية وتغيير نظام الحكم في العراق عقب 2003 تطورا في العمل الاعلامي الذي هو الاخر انتعش في ظل تكنولوجيا المعلومات وتطور الفضائيات واستخدام الانترنيت حتى اخذ هذا التطور يؤثر هو الاخر بالعملية السياسية في تقييم الاداء السياسي وشكلت فيه و| The development of the political life and the change in Iraq after 2003 was accompanied by development in the media work. This was flourished under information technology and the development of the satellite and the internet until that began to affect the

قضايا الحداثة في المسلسلات التلفزيونية المدبلجة وانعكاساتها على النسق القيمي لدى جمهور الشباب == Issues of Modernism In Dubbed Tv Series And Their Reflections on The Value Pattern For The Youth

Author name: فاتن علي مراد الداغستاني
Supervisor name: عبد النبي خزعل جاسم
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعنى هذه الدراسة برصد قضايا الحداثة في المسلسلات المدبلجة وانعكاساتها على النسق القيمي للشباب تم اختيار ثلاثة انواع من هذه المسلسلات هي : المسلسل الكوري ايام الزهور، والمسلسل المكسيكي ماري تشوي، والمسلسل الامريكي تالا لتكون محل الدراسة التحليلية لمضمونها | This study tackles the Issues of Modernism in Dubbed TV series and their Reflections on the Value Pattern for the Youth. Three types of series were chosen : the Korean Series (Days of Roses), Mexican series (Marie Chewi) and American Series (Tala) to be t

التوظيف الاخباري للصورة في وكالة الصحافة الفرنسية : دراسة تحليلية للصورة الخاصة بالشان العراقي في عام 2008 == The News Employment of Pictures In The France Press News Agency : Analytical Study For The Pictures Concerning The Iraqi Affairs In 2008

Author name: علي عباس فاضل
Supervisor name: وسام فاضل راضي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الاهمية الكبيرة التي تتمتع بها الصورة جعلتها اساسية في العمل الصحفي والتلفزيوني فهي تتسم بمميزات جعلتها تستقطب اهتمام القائمين على العمل الاخباري في معظم وسائل الاعلام والذين بداوا بتوظيفها ضمن مجالات ومستويات مختلفة وصولا الى النتاج الاخباري المتكامل | Media is regarded as the cornerstone in the journal and TV media work. There are characterized by the features which made media have the great ability of attracting and convincing the public.So, for the exceptional importance of these image, it began to

الاعتماد على الاذاعات الدولية الموجهة ودوره في بناء المعرفة السياسية لدى الاعلاميين العراقيين == Dependence on Directed International Broadcasts And Its Role In Constuction of The Political Knowledg For Iraqi Journalists

Author name: علاء نجاح نوري السمرمد
Supervisor name: عمار طاهر محمد العامري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: كانت الاذاعات الدولية الموجهة لعقود خلت ومازالت مصدرا مهما من مصادر المعرفة السياسية والمعلومات والاخبار فضلا عن سعة انتشارها وكفاءة العاملين فيها وضخامة تمويلها واستعانتها بمجموعة من الخبراء والمحللين السياسيين المعروفين, هذه المكانة والتاريخ الطويل له | International broadcast oriented were targeted for decades and is still an important source of political knowledge, information and news as well as the capacity and spread efficiency employs, the magnitude of the funding and they outsource a range of expe

تقنيات الاتصال الحديثة ودورها في تطوير اساليب العلاقات العامة : دراسة مسحية لاستخدام وسائل الاتصال الحديثة في شركة اوراسكوم تيلكوم == The Modern Techniques of The Communication And Their Role In Development of The Means of The Public Relations

Author name: عبد الرحمن علي سعود العيساوي
Supervisor name: عبد الرزاق النعاس
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اصبحت العلاقات العامة في عالمنا المعاصر مفهوما ونشاطا وجانبا من جوانب الحياة المدنية وشرطا من شروط التكيف لمستلزماتها، وقد اضحت جزءا من فلسفة الحياة الاجتماعية لما تنطوي عليه من تصور لطبيعة العلاقات الاجتماعية التي يمارسها الافراد من ضمن المنظمات كما | The Public relations increasing significance in the modern Society becomes Conception, activity and Condition of the civilization and its adoption with its requirements. It is part of the social live of the individuals within the organization and the orga

اتجاهات الراي العام العراقي ازاء الحكومات المحلية : دراسة ميدانية في محافظات : الانبار وبابل وميسان == The Trends of Iraqi Public Opinion Toward Local Governments : Field Study In The Provinces Al - Anbar, Babil And Maisan

Author name: عبد الحسين كاظم مريخ العطواني
Supervisor name: رشيد حسين عكلة الشمري
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى معرفة اتجاهات الراي العام العراقي ازاء الحكومات المحلية، وذلك ضمن اطار منهج اللامركزية الادارية التي تعد احدى الشروط الاولية لتطبيق هذا النوع من النظام ونجاحه.وكذلك هدفت الدراسة في الحصول على المعلومات نحو القضايا المحلية ومدى ارتباط | This study is aiming to identify the trends of Iraqi public opinion toward the local governments, within the frame of management non central curriculum which is considered one of the primary conditions for applying and the success of this type of regimes.

معايير النخبة الاكاديمية العراقية في التعرض للتلفزيون وحدود الاشباع المتحققة - اساتذة جامعات بغداد انموذجا == The Values of The Iraqi Academic Elite At The Exposure To Television And The Achieved Gratifications Baghdad University's Academics As Sample

Author name: عمر عناد شلال
Supervisor name: وسام فاضل راضي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يختص هذا البحث في القيم التي تتبناها النخبة الاكاديمية العراقية كمعايير تقويمية في تعرضها للتلفزيون والاشباعات التي تسعى لتحقيقها من هذا التعرض فضلا عن اختبار العلاقات الارتباطية بين معايير التعرض كمتغيرات مؤثرة مفترضة في تحقق الاشباعات التي تعد متغيرات | This research search the values which are adopted by the Iraqi Academic elite as ratificated values in their exposure for the TV and the gratifications they seek to achieve by this exposure in addition to the testing the connectional relations between the

القيم السائدة في الاعلانات الموجهة للاطفال : دراسة تحليلية لاعلانات قناة Space Toon العربية == The Prevailing Values In Advertisements Directed To Children : Analytic Study of "Spacetoon" Children Satellite Channel

Author name: هدى مالك شبيب
Supervisor name: عبد الامير مويت الفيصل
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يؤلف الاطفال عالما على درجة بالغة من المرونة والقابلية للتشكيل واكثر الوسائل احتمالية في التاثير في نمو وبناء شخصيتهم هو التلفزيون الذي بات يعرف عند الباحثين (بالاب الثالث) لكونه يسهم الى جانب الاسرة في تنشئتهم. ولكون التلفزيون عالما مثيرا ومشوقا وجذابا | Children create a world characterized with high degree of flexibility and power of formulation &imagination. Television is the most effective method that plays a great role in building the children' personalities and minds. It is described by many researc

دور القنوات الفضائية في تشكيل الراي العام تجاه الازمات السياسية في العراق : دراسة ميدانية على جمهور النخب الاكاديمية في بغداد == The Role of Satellite Channels In The Formation of Public Opinion Toward The Political Crises In Iraq : A Field Study on Public Academic Elites In Baghdad

Author name: غزوان جبار محمد حسين العامري
Supervisor name: عبد الباسط سلمان
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يسعى القائمون على القنوات الفضائية الى التاثير في متخذي القرار بصورة مباشرة او غير مباشرة، عبر مساهمتها في ايصال وجهات النظر المختلفة، سواء اكانت اراء قادة الراي في المجتمع، ام اراء عامة الناس، عبر ترتيب اولويات قادة الراي والجمهور بشان الازمات السيا | Those who are in charge of satellites attempt to influence decision makers directly or indirectly via conveying different perspectives whether the leaders' or the public within society through sorting priorities of the leaders opinion and the public about

العنف في البرامج الاخبارية التلفزيونية واشاعة القلق لدى الجمهور : دراسة جمهور محافظة بغداد

Author name: يوسف حسن محمود فاضل الفراجي
Supervisor name: عبد السلام احمد السامر
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Media
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: عنوان الدراسة ومحتواها : هذه الدراسة بعنوان العنف في البرامج الاخبارية التلفزيونية واشاعة القلق لدى الجمهور - دراسة جمهور محافظة بغداد. وقد اشتملت هذه الدراسة على خمسة فصول، اولها تضمن الاطار المنهجي للبحث، اما الفصل الثاني فتناول فيه الباحث نظرية ال

دور التلفزيون في بناء الوعي الامني لدى الجمهور : دراسة مسحية على جمهور مدينة بغداد == The Role of Television In The Construction of The Security Awareness Among The Audience : A Survey of The Audience Baghdad City

Author name: احمد عبد الحسين ثاني السوداني
Supervisor name: عبد السلام احمد السامر
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناولت الدراسة الموسومة (دور التلفزيون في بناء الوعي الامني لدى الجمهور) دراسة حديثة تناول الباحث فيها نظرية الغرس الثقافي بشكل موسع عن طريق اجراء دراسة مسحية على عينة من جمهور مدينة بغداد المركز، وقد اعتمد الباحث في اجراء هذه الدراسة على فروض نظرية الغرس | The research (The Role of Television in the Construction of the Security Awareness among the Audience) addressed a modern study. The researchers never addressed extensively before the theory of cultural cultivation by conducting a survey study on an audie

التغطية الاخبارية للقنوات الفضائية : دراسة تحليلية لاخبار العراق في تلفزيون BBC العربي للمدة من 201/10/1 لغاية 2012/3/31 == News Coverage of Sat. Channels It's Formats And : Styles Analyses Study of Bbc Arabic T.V News From 1/10/2011 To 31/3/2012

Author name: سعد ابراهيم عباس ابراهيم
Supervisor name: رعد جاسم حمزة الكعبي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: The Press
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: News coverage is one of the most distinct features of the news programs, both reflected in the News Bulletin, summaries or news talk shows. The last twenty years have witnessed remarkable developments in terms of news coverage in formats and style, and h

دور برامج العلاقات العامة في تحفيز السلوك الانتخابي لدى المواطن العراقي == The Role of The Public - Relations' Programs In Election Stimulation Behaviour of The Iraq Citizen

Author name: ايثار طارق خليل العبيدي
Supervisor name: جاسم طارش العقابي
General topic: Media
Specific topic: Public Relations
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تكتسب الانتخابات اهمية متزايدة لدى الشعوب بما تحتضنها من مؤسسات وهياكل وافراد متطلعين للعب دورا سياسيا فيها، واخذين بالديمقراطية منهجا للوصول الى جادة الحكم الرشيد. وهذا التنافس يحتم على هؤلاء اللاعبين التسابق للوصول الى هذه الجماهير؛ بغية الحصول على | The elections acquire an increasing importance for the people as they are including institutions, formations and personnel looking forward to play a political role within considering democracy as a method to fulfill the reasonable authority. This competit
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