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مناخ الاستثمار في العراق للمدة 1997 - 2007
Climate Investment In Iraq For The Period (1997 - 2007)
اسم المؤلف:
خولة رشيج حسن
اسم المشرف:
نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2010
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Iraq economy has experienced asignificant shifts in the second half of the last century, as a result of shifting in political level, which was highlighted by the revolution of July 17 to 30. Resulted in it has establishment of a political system characterized by centralized, which leading to control of the puplic sector for the whole economic activity in the country. Despite the improvement that occurred during the seventies,due to increase oil revenues after the nationalization , the situation has not invested optimally, beside,breakiugant the Iran - Iraq war. The subsequentes economic blockade, the followers of misguided policies and ill - considered, which caused several disruptions contributed, because of the huge change of times for Iraq economy. During the second half of the nineties previous Government tried hard to make some adjustments.It proceeded to establish the Commission on investment, Ministry of Planning, reflecting the trends and new U.S.investment,especially Arab and foreign investments. But these directions and policies have not been stable, because of the conditions that prevailed at that time.After the fall of the former regime in Iraq in 2003 the successive governments adopte new direction aimed to develop the Iraqi economy by stimulating investment, both domestic and foreign investment ,that had been established through the issused Investment code No.(13)for the year 2006.The process of attracting investment is based primarily on the availability of investment climate characterized by political and economic stability and provide the infrastructure as well as the availability of legal stability and other things contained in thenvironment or investment climate.
👁 مشاهدة
قياس وتحليل دالة الطلب على النقود في العراق في الامد الطويل والقصير في اطار التكامل المشترك
Measuring And Analyzing The Demand Function For Money In Iraq For Long - Term And Short - Term Under The Co - Integration Framework
اسم المؤلف:
خليل اسماعيل عزيز
اسم المشرف:
سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
يعد الطلب على النقود احد طرفي التوازن النقدي الذي يشكل عرض النقود طرفه الاخر من المتغيرات النقدية الاساسية التي تم التركيز عليها في النظريات النقدية , وتكتسب دراسة وتحليل دالة الطلب على النقود اهمية خاصة سواء في الاقتصاديات المتقدمة ام النامية, وتساهم هذ | The demand for cash as one of the main variables in the cash theory is one of the two sides of money equilibrium which the supply for cash is the other side. The demand for cash model has special importance in the developed and developing countries equally. This dissertation aims to study and estimating the demand for cash and the effecting factors in Iraq for the period from 1990 - 2014. The cash for demand model was estimated by using (ARDL) and bound test to test the Cointegration and the long - run and short - run between the demand for cash in Iraq as a depended variable which is determined by bunch explanatory variables i.e. Gross Domestic Product in fixed prices(GDP), nominal interest rate, inflation rate and Iraqi Dinar rate of Exchange. The relationship among the variables was examined by Impulse Response Function (IRF) through which the internal variable shock impact will be measured in VAR model on the present and future values. The Johansen test results came out to confirm integrated direction relationship of one of the study variables whether using Trace Test or Maximum Eigenvalue test , as the estimated value was found to be greater than the critical value for both the cases at the significant level (p=0.007) for Trace Test and (p=0.018) for Maximum test, which indicates the long - run equilibrium relationship among the study variables and subsequently indicates integrated direction relationship between the real demand for money as a dependent variable and the other explanatory variables. The study is also confirms a short - run equilibrium among the study variables in direction of long - run equilibrium according to the error rectification model and the short - run relationship under ARDL model. The results of the long - run relationship between of the demand for money and its limitations came out to confirm the short - run relationship, and in other side the estimated value of ARDL test according to (SUSUMSQ) and (CUSUM) as it's within the critical area, therefore, the variables are stable for both the short - run and the long - run.
👁 مشاهدة
مقارنة اساليب بيز مع طرائق اخرى لتقدير منحنى الانحدار اللامعلمي
A Comparison of Bayesian Approaches With Other Methods For Estimating Nonparametric Regression Curve
اسم المؤلف:
خلود يوسف خمو يوسف
اسم المشرف:
ظافر حسين رشيد النجار
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2004
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحصاء
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
لقد شهدت طرائق الانحدار اللامعلمي اهتماما ملحوظا في السنوات الاخيرة كان السبب في ذلك هو ان التفكير المعلمي الصرف المستخدم في تقدير منحنى الانحدار لا يتوافق مع المرونة في تحليل البيانات.ومع التطور المنجز في اجهزة الحواسيب من الناحية المادية وكذلك انجاز | In recent years, too many considerations have been given for the Nonparametric Regression methods. This is for the reason that the concept of pure parametric; used for the estimation of Regression curve, does not cope well with the flexibility needed for data analysis.With the progress made in computer machines, in terms of economy and running performance, it has become possible to develop many of Nonparametric Regression methods theoretically. Though many of these are still under perfection, and facing a number of problems.Hence we see the importance of focusing on methods related to smoothing of Nonparametric Regression functions. This is for the purpose of producing the best methods convenient for various models. And for the Distribution Random error, in its two cases; Normal and Contaminated. Thus, the most important purpose of the research, is to find what the studies so far, have offered in the field of Nonparametric Regression. Also to find alternative or modified methods; which are reliable for the treatment of conditions of failure regarding the methods in use, as well as to alleviate the complexity of some methods, especially those related to Bayesian procedures.One of the most outstanding aims of the research focuses on the study of Nonparametric Regression using Bayesian variable selection. This suggests a modified technique to be reliable and of less complexity than the original one.Amongst the other research intentions, when data are contaminated with outliers, is to explore the Robust Nonparametric Regression, using Bayesian variable selection method. Also to suggest a modified Bayesian method; resistant to outliers, and of less complexity than before transformation. As well as offering suggested methods for Robust Nonparametric Regression. This is of the feature of having less sensitivity towards outliers and reliable in comparison to very few techniques supplied with robustness, as the Bayesian approach.A simulation model has been performed with different distributions, for the random error and for a number of models.To verify the performance of such methods, many criteria have been carried out.To satisfy the purpose of this research, the study has been divided into five chapters. Chapter I consists of an introduction, the problem under research, its importance and purposes. It also covers a literature survey. Chapter II covers methods for smoothing Nonparametric Regression. While chapter III is devoted for Nonparametric Regression and Robust Nonparametric Regression using Bayesian variable selection method. Also in this chapter are details of the suggested methods. Then chapter IV implements the experimental part of the study. Finally chapter V comprises the conclusions and suggestions that the research has recommended. As well as the future studies, which have been proposed regarding this research.
👁 مشاهدة
اعتماد تقنيات حديثة في نظام ادارة الكلفة لتطوير اعداد الموازنات التشغيلية : دراسة تطبيقية في الشركة العامة للصناعات الصوفية
Depending New Technique For Cost Management To Development Preparation of Operating Balances Practical Study In General Company For Wool Industry
اسم المؤلف:
خلود عاصم وناس
اسم المشرف:
نصيف جاسم الجبوري
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2007
الموضوع الدقيق:
المحاسبة
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Many challenges have been surrounding the modern works environment such as competent characteristic، globalize، continuous improvement، information technology and others, which deserve reaction in order to stay within the competencecircle and achieve decisive success. Therefore we must focus the light on the computer future information in which the administrative computer in genera which save these information.As far as the operating balances as an instrument to observe the future , it should work and harmonize with environment situations changes , especially we are living in the technology revolutionary era.The integration of commercial & financial markets is the main motive which pushed towards open competition , that lead to review the technique of cost administration system.therefore a change is made from traditional costs to aimed at costs.The researcher has focused on some new used technology to prepare the employment balances (Activity Based accounting ‘ continuous improvement، aimed at costs، Kaizen costs، reengineering the operation ) , and how comply with in the IRAQI environment.Some believe that there is the ability to continue making the traditional employment balances, but globization of the environment, and abate the influence of local environment changes on the industry, will force us nowadays more than any other times to proceed forward using modern technique, because our relatively small company works today according to world system.There fore the researcher creates the proposed treatment for how develop the preparation of the employment balances according to the modern technique for costs administration system. In order to achieve this study , we divide it to five chapters to cover both sides , theoretical and practical.Chapter one is specialized for displaying of research program and the previous studies through two researches ; first one is dedicated with methodology of the research and the second is dedicated for previous studies.Chapter two is specialized for studying the system of costs administration and its technique , which is focused in both researches on : first is dedicated to study the system of costs administration ; the second is dedicated to study the technologies of the system of costs administration and its methods for achieving the strategy of economy unity. Chapter three; is dealing with the role of the costs administration system in preparing the employment balances through two researches ; first is dealing with the concept ofemployment balances and how prepare them , the second is dealing with the technique of system of the costs administration to prepare the employment balances.Chapter (four); is dedicated to study the actual performance of the wool industry company through two researches ; first research is dedicated to the presentation of the company and its production operations and organizational structure in general, and mechanical carpet victory particularly ; the second research is dedicated for studying the use of some technique of system of the costs administration to prepare employment balances.Chapter (five); is dedicated to display the conclusions and recommendations which were reached according to the practical and theoretical studies.
👁 مشاهدة
مقارنة طرائق تقدير دالة المعولية للتوزيع الاسي الخليط مع تطبيق عملي
Comprastion Between Methots Estimator Reliability Function of Of A Mixture Exponential Distribution With A Practical Application
اسم المؤلف:
خضر نصيف جاسم البياتي
اسم المشرف:
عبد المجيد حمزة الناصر
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2012
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحصاء
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
ان الاهتمام المتزايد في دراسة نماذج الفشل جاء نتيجة للدور الذي تضطلع به نظريه المعوليه ودالة الاخفاق بالتعامل مع الاعمار لدراسة ومعرفه سلوك اوقات الفشل في الزمن اللاحق, وتعتبر المعولية احد المقاييس للتعبيرعن اداء اي مفرد او نظام لفترة قادمة لذلك تعد المعو | Reliability theory and Hazard function have played a great role in the rapid interest in the study of failure models. These theories deal with the study of ages to investigate and study the behavior failure time at posterior time. Reliability theory is one of those standards that show the performances of any unite for an expected period of time. It is also considered an indicator for future planning.Accordingly, reliability theory is adopted to study and analyze behavior of failures and the factors behind such failures. To achieve this, the parameter estimators of failure models, with good prosperities and efficiency, are required to count the reliability estimation. Therefore, it is of keen significance to study the methods and techniques for getting the parameter estimators of failure including the parameter estimations of a mixture failure model. These estimations have a great role in reproducing complex cases of non - homogeneous populations. Like the importance of the normal distribution for biological studies, the exponential model is considered of a great significance for the study of failure models.The study aims to estimate the reliability function by employing various methods to estimate the model parameter exponential mixture. To achieve this objective, this study is divided into four chapters. Chapter I shows the introduction and the literature review. Chapter II defines some key concepts of the topic; it also presents the theoretical framework for the employed methods of estimation for a number of parameter estimator method’s complete sample of a mixture of two exponential distributions with different two parameter and percentage p. them of normal school such as Maximum likelihood method estimator and symbolizes her short (ML) and the method of moments and symbolized short (MO) and the least squares method and symbolizes her short(LS) and the least squares weighted and symbolized short (WL) and propose application Bayesian Method using (Lindley' s approximation) of this mixture distribution as not used in Iraq (by informed researcher) and study the behavior of a function failure rate for this distribution using expression w(t) which is also taught for the first time in Iraq, according to the informed researcher. Chapter III is divided into two sections. The first section includes the application of imitation style for generating data and performing a sample application based on the theoretical background. The second section reports about a field work on one of the public institutions for electrical industry. Chapter IV shows the results and conclusion of this study. It also suggests some recommendations for future research.
👁 مشاهدة
امكانية قيام الوحدة النقدية الخليجية في ضوء تجربة الوحدة النقدية الاوربية
اسم المؤلف:
خالد عبد الحميد عبد المجيد العبدلي
اسم المشرف:
ايمان عبد خضير الغريباوي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2012
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
👁 مشاهدة
تقويم النظام المحاسبي الموحد في ضوء نظرية المحاسبة والمعايير المحاسبية العراقية الدولية
The Evaluation of Unified Accounting System In The Light of Accounting Theory And International And Iraqi Accounting Standards
اسم المؤلف:
حيدر عبد الحسين حميد المستوفي
اسم المشرف:
ماهر موسى العبيدي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2005
الموضوع الدقيق:
المحاسبة
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
The accounting uniformity concept is not coming from nothing, but it emerges due to requirements resulted by certain conditions and justifications associated with human development movement in economical and social environment. In fact, several professionalorganizations, which have the right to develop accounting, have issued obligated accounting standards. Also, the Arab league and Arabic organization for administrative sciences have adopted trends put unified Arabic proofs for accounting administrative andeconomical systems, in addition, the issue of several of unified accounting systems in some of Arabic and foreign countries.Moreover, United Nations adopted schedules and indications of the national accounts for all countries in the world, {recommendationsand integrated patterns}.The accounting system is considered as a copy of accounting integration pictures because it is determining perfectly and typically all aspects of accounting applications, starting from accounts guide and finishing with preparation of final accounts lists.Iraq is considered one of the countries, which is followed the way of central planning of the economy. This is necessitated the adoption of unified accounting system in order to ensure that the economical unites are followed unified bases in methods of treatingthe presentation and classification of accounting data and ))b(( information. So they will provide a wide fundamental of data and information which serve various needs of the economical unites. Also they provide the economical planning establishments according to their need of data and information through joining the accounts of economical unites with national accounts.The international impacts into the accounting are becoming today direct international challenge to the accountants in most countries of the world. Therefore, a set of international accounting researches appeared which aimed to face the internationalenvironmental changes in all aspects. For this reason, the international accounting is found as accounting field that makes comparisons and classifications for the accounting systems and for the applications at international level. It is also issued a set ofresearches, which help to organize and control international businesses, beside its publication to a group of accounting standards which could be applied internationally as an aim to coordinate the accounting and then unified them internationally.The existence of international accounting rules and standards does not also neglect the importance and necessity of finding and doing national accounting standards, because of the accounting environment difference which is a result of differences ofeconomical, social, political and legislative systems in the different countries. The finding and presenting local accounting standards do not mean necessarily the interaction with international and regional accounting standards but the reality insisted to be both accounting ))c(( standards together into entire completed frame. Accordingly, it is essentially to spend more efforts to take the core transactions which are working to narrow the gaps between world’s countries, and to limit the variety and the differences in accounting standards, methods, and applications within those countries. For raising up the real situation of accounting practices have been used in Iraq as one of the developing countries, also at the same time it is aiming to achieve more progress and luxury. Thisstudy is done to make practical and scientific evaluation for the unified accounting system and to show to which extent this system has been participated in performing the needs of various parties utilized from the information. This evaluation will be done in light of accounting frames and international Iraqi accounting. Thus, to achieve this purpose, the study is divided into five chapters. The first one presents the based methodology and previous studies in two researches. The second chapter is the entry to main subject through its presentation of the accounting uniformity.it has three researches too, the first one is about the experiment of the accounting integration at international level. The second research is on the characteristics and principles of unified accounting system. The third one deals with the coordination of international accounting standards at international level.The third chapter is dealing with the study of the adjustment of the unified accounting system with theoretical frame of the accounting and with international and Iraqi accounting standards.This chapter has also three researches. The first one is about the adjustment of unified accounting system with the theoretical frame of the accounting. The second research is on the experiment of Iraq in making the accounting rules and standards and how these are adjusted with international accounting standards. The third research is on the adjustment of unified accounting system with international accounting standards.The fourth chapter discusses the practical side of evaluating the integrated accounting system in light of accounting theory and international and Iraqi accounting standards by practical study to the academic and professional application, and then analyzing theanswers of the questionnaires with output analysis. This chapter has three researches too. The first one is on the evaluation of adjustment of accounting system in light of the accounting theory.The second is dealing with the evaluation of the unified accounting system in light of Iraqi accounting rules and standards. The third research is discussing the adjustment of unified accounting system in light of the international accounting.The study is ended with the fifth chapter, which is concentrated on demonstrating the important conclusions that the study reached. Thereby the important recommendations and suggestions to which the study reached in order to participate in developing the accounting in Iraq so that it could be in its expected real role.
👁 مشاهدة
تحليل وقياس ظاهرة العجز المزدوج في مصر وتونس والمغرب للمدة 1975 - 2000
Analysis And Measurement The Twin Deficiit Phenomenon Iin Egypt,, Tunisia And Moroco For The Period ((1975 - - 2000))
اسم المؤلف:
حلمي ابراهيم منشد
اسم المشرف:
عباس جبار الشرع
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2004
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
The main aim of this Thesis is to test the twin deficit phenomenon and the Ricardian equivalence hypothesis in Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco for the period (1975 - 2000). To satisfy the aim, a several number of Econometric tests are follow : 1 - Testing of independent of monetary policy from the Fiscal policy. The results show us that the monetary policy dependent on the Fiscal policy in Egypt, and the budget deficit have an inflationary effect, in contrary to Tunisia and Morocco.2 - Testing the effect of Fiscal variables on private consumption by using Feldstein and Modigliani approachs. The results refer to the negative effect of budget deficit on private consumption in Egypt according to Feldstein approach and which meet to Ricardianequivalence in Egypt, in contrary to, in Tunisia and Morocco.3 - Testing the effects of Fiscal variables on private investment by using stepwise regression model, the results tell us the Crowding - out effect for some Fiscal variables in these countries, and Crowding - in effect for Trade liberalization on private investment in Tunisia and Morocco.4 - Testing of causality relationship between budget deficit and current account deficit, using Augmented Dickey - Fuller (ADF) test, Cointegration test, Engel - Granger approach for error correction model, and Grager causality test, we find that non - Cointegration of time series of variables in Tunisia, and Cointegration of time series of variables in Egypt and Morocco. And satisfying the Ricardian equivalence in Egypt and Tunisia, and satisfying the twin deficit in Morocco according to the bidirectional causality relationship between budget deficit and current account
👁 مشاهدة
تقدير الدالة اللامعلمية للبيانات العنقودية
Nonparametric Regression Function Estimation of Clustered Data
اسم المؤلف:
حلا كاظم عبيد
اسم المشرف:
سجى محمد حسين الهاشمي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحصاء
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
البيانات العنقودية تظهر في الكثير من العلوم الاجتماعية والصحية والسلوكية. وتتميز هذا النوع من البيانات بوجود الارتباط بين مشاهداتها. وممكن التعبير عن العنقدة من حيث العلاقة بين القياسات على الوحدات ضمن نفس المجموعة فان النماذج الاحصائية تحتم على حساب الار | Cluster data appears in a lot of social, health and behavioral sciences. And featuring this type of data link between the presences of her observations. And possible expression of clustering in terms of the relationship between measurements on units within the same group, the statistical models makes it imperative for the link account at every level, because failure to do so leads to misleading results. Hence the importance inside the Observations link to the estimating of the function non parametric for cluster data where the use of parametric method for ICON is always desirable to estimate some functions Because of the shape of the data is unknown in advance the appropriate function or as a result of the existence of some obstacles so it is the use non parametric method to estimate (smoothing) Nonparametric function.. Research has shown developed in recent times on the use of non parametric regression when parametric the assumptions are unfulfilled. And non parametric regression allows greater flexibility of functions dependent variables resulting from the data. Previous research has touched on the case of cluster data estimating the ways non parametric and semi parametric methods and was adopted state of neglect of the link within the same cluster property data that distinguish cluster data is particularly. And local kernel estimator achieved more efficient negligently correlation within clusters (even if the correlation is in the interest the study). While some touched on the case taking correlation between Observations per cluster using the estimated equations. Others had created the kernel methods in the case of cluster data behave completely different from the behavior of the capabilities of the spline estimator as has achieved kernel methods results more efficient when the neglect of the link within the clusters, while spline methods results achieved less variance of smoothing fixed parameters at taking the link inside clusters into account in the estimation process.So in this thesis will be nonparametric function estimating for clustered data using the Seemingly Unrelated Kernel Estimators, and The Generalized Least Squares Smoothing Spline Estimators and propose Robust methods and comparison of the methods listed above to indicate the best estimate of the nonparametric function estimating for clustered data, taking into account the structure of the link within the clusters were cluster data, The adoption of cluster data, which has the same number of explanatory variables within each cluster. To achieve this, thesis was divided into five chapters, the first chapter included introduction and aim of the research and reference review, either Chapter II now include the theoretical side which discussed the methods used to calculate the non parametric function of cluster data in the presence of the link. While included Chapter III experimental side (simulation) and the application addressed method in the second chapter and the statement of the best way has less (MAE) or (MSE). and either the fourth chapter includes the applied side to the real data for the proportion of white blood cells and its impact on the proportion of blood per patient (cluster) and Chapter V which includes the most important conclusions and the recommendations.it is through simulation experiments have been finding the best way to estimate the non parametric function for cluster data and a way The robust Generalized Least Squares Smoothing Spline Estimators in the case of a correlation. It was the application of all methods of the practical side using real data about the proportion of white blood cells and their impact on the proportion of blood hemoglobin for patients with blood cancer (leukemia).
👁 مشاهدة
امكانية اعتماد الحلول الراديكالية في تغيير واقع التنظيم المحاسبي في العراق
The Possibility of Adopting Radical Solutions To Change The Reality of The Accounting Regulation In Iraq
اسم المؤلف:
حكمت حمد حسن
اسم المشرف:
بشـرى نجم عبد الله المشهداني
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
المحاسبة
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تعد المحاسبة علما من العلوم الاجتماعية يستند على مجموعة من المبادىء والقواعد القائمة على مبررات منطقية , حيث تتولى مسؤولية توفير المعلومات المالية عن حقيقة الوضع المالي لمنشاة الاعمال , وبالتالي فهي تخضع لذات المداخل الفلسفية التي تخضع لها العلوم الاخرى | Accounting is Science from the Social Sciences is based on a set of principles and rules based on rational justification, which is responsible for providing financial information about the fact of financial position of the entity business, and are therefore subjected to the same philosophical entrances governing other sciences to explain and interpret the nature and the way of progress in science. This study is consistent with several previous studies which see accounting progressing according to the approach of radical revolutionary, completely as described by a professor of the history of American science Thomas Kuhn (1922 - 1996) in his book " The Structure of Scientific Revolutions," in which he sees that the progress of science with the open end starts from the stage before the science and followed by the stage of normal science, and then the stage of the crisis when anomaly states that undermine confidence in the Paradigm of natural science are increasing , then the revolution to resolve the crisis through adoption of new Paradigm able to cope with the problems that the former Paradigm from was unable to deal with them. One of the most important findings of this study is that the progress of accounting within the last hundred years had embodied the steps defined by Kuhn in the private approach in progressing of science, where the international paradigm accounting moved from the form historical cost to the form of the fair value which was culminated in the issuance of standard reporting International financial 13 ( fair value measurements ) and if it has now compared with the local paradigm in Iraq (standardized accounting system) , the size of gap has been continuously widen over time compared with the previous Iraqi studies which carried out similar comparisons, because of the stability in the local paradigm and its inability to accommodate environmental change while the change and development on the other side continued. These results paved the way for introducing recommendation in necessity to change local paradigm and replaced it thoroughly by the paradigm of international accounting, being unable to achieve the goals that accounting founded for them ( providing useful information ) in the current environment conditions making use of the experiences of several countries that have passed similar circumstances and with deliberate manner in cooperation with the international professional bodies.
👁 مشاهدة
تاثيرات الخطا البشري في المخاطر المصرفية وامكانية التحول نحو المنظمة المتعلمة : بحث تجريبي في عدد من المصارف العراقية الخاصة
The Effects of Human Error In The Banking Risks And The Possibility of Transition To A Learning Organization Empirical Study In A Number of Iraqi Private Banks
اسم المؤلف:
حسين لازم الزيدي
اسم المشرف:
سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
صادق راشد حسين الشمري
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
ادارة اعمال
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة تاثيرات الخطا البشري في المخاطر المصرفية وامكانية تحويل المصارف العراقية الخاصة الى منظمات متعلمة، وذلك من خلال قياس واختبار تاثير الخطا البشري في المخاطر المصرفية، والوقوف على المخاطر الاكثر ارتباطا به للتركيز عليها، وتقديم المع | This research aims to study human error effects in the banking risks and the possibility of converting the Iraqi private banks to educated organizations, and through the measurement and testing of human error effect in every kind of banking risks types and stand on the most closely associated with the risks in order to focus on them and make appropriate processors have with respect to and increase the availability of skills and expertise required to carry out banking operations of error - free manner. Find dealt with human error in terms of meaning and understandable, classifications and types, causes and consequences and its approaches and theories. Also addressed placed banking risks in terms of meaning and concept, species and entrances and theories, also addressed placed banking risk management and measurement. Also addressed the evolution of organizations down to the learning organization, including the concept and characteristics and dimensional measurement, and the requirements of becoming a learning organization. The research was sealing his intellectual and theoretical study of the relationship between the three threads with the submission of a successful international experiences. We depart search of his problem to was the need of the Iraqi private banks, which are supposed to reflect the level of development and progress in financial and economic of the country areas, to a deeper understanding of the human errors committed within the bank either by management or employees, and to understand their causes and consequences and its direct and indirect effects in banking risks, which are a feature of the banking environment, and thus its impact on the bank's success in achieving its objectives, or protect it from falling into failure, and leave the banking market. So it was necessary to find a strategy to ensure the management of human errors and management of banking risks, be the basis of learning from the mistakes of the past and adopt the principle of creativity and knowledge, within the court system called the learning organization.The research methodology depend on experimental method, has identified a set of hypotheses that have been tested different tools of financial analysis, the style of case study statistical tools. Has been selected five banks exposed to real problems for analysis and access to the results serve to know the effects of human error in the banking risks, it was also selected three banks from the good rating for comparative purposes to measure the possibility of converting to banks, educated organizations. The research has come to many of the most important results that the most important errors that affect the banking risk is management mistakes, especially mistakes of decisions making, and that more risk is affected that the credit risk. The research found that the dimensions of learning organizations in Iraqi banks available moderately, and that non - distressed banks are best able to switch to an learnining organizations
👁 مشاهدة
الاوراق المالية الاسلامية بين النظرية والتطبيق
Islamic Securities Between The Theory And Practice
اسم المؤلف:
حسين علي هاشم اللعيبي
اسم المشرف:
اسعد جواد كاظم الانصاري
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2009
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
ndirect investment with securities in the international bourses is developed upon merging the globalism and the wide range of communication revolution making this world like a little mini village, but handling the securities under the law made by mancontrolling the economic movement according to the capitalism eventually is in contrary with the rules of the Islamic forgiveness legalization advices us to avoid selling through corruption things, those harming the community or prohibited for itself nature and itsnegative effects on its taker as to it is interested with producing and merchandise alcohols, drugs , or pork flush etc. of unethical services or those dealing with usuries which is sale the debts which is a prohibited or aleatory contracts or gambling sales' forms and then Islamic Economical Thought now passing a parturition and coming to a point where the outcome providing types of Islamic tools and securities which may an alternative of the economical law made by the man.This thesis is interested to separate the right one from others this from and showing its correlation with the economical theorem and the scientific concepts serving the economical development , First chapter argues the matters of comparative and distinguishingbetween these two types in regards to the theoretical part arguing the theories of concerned capital interest price related with the securities in the capitalism economical though and then discussing the principles of Islamic economics and the prohibited sales as per the Islamic legalization whole the second chapter argued the economical inclusion of it attempting to find its relation with the theories of production, distribution and handling as well as the methods of filling the saving and financing investments eitherdirectly or indirectly. Third chapter concerned with issuance such these securities in the real world in the states and is different in the financial institutions , banks, investment funds and incorporations , also the economical principles of fiscal , monatory and development policiesbenefiting from such these applications. While fourth chapter is dictated to show modernized methods to produce such these securities called Islamic Financial Engineering followed by the conclusion of the researcher to produce new products in relevantwith developments need and application. Consequently, the researcher concluded the most important results and recommendations in this regards through which it is notice the realization possibility of verification from the target hypothesis or not!.
👁 مشاهدة
راس المال الزبائني بتماثل الزبون والمنظمة في اطار فلسفة التسويق الشمولي : دراسة تحليلية لاراء عينة من المدراء والزبائن بمصرفي الرافدين والرشيد
Customer Capital Via Customer - Organization Identification Within The Framework of The Holistic Marketing Philosophy (A Analytical Study of Sample Opinion From Managers And Customer At In Al - Rafideen And Al - Rasheed Banks
اسم المؤلف:
حسين علي عبد الرسول الجنابي
اسم المشرف:
غسان قاسم داود سلمان اللامي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2012
الموضوع الدقيق:
ادارة اعمال
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
يهدف البحث الحالي الى توظيف اطار فلسفة التسويق الشمولي لتعزيز راس المال الزبائني بوجود تماثل الزبون مع المنظمة كمتغيروسيط. وتتجسد مشكلة الدراسة الرئيسة بتساؤل اساسي مفاده كيف يستطيع المصرف ان يعزز راس ماله الزبائني من خلال تبني فلسفة التسويق الشمولي. وت | Current research aims to employ framework of a holistic marketing philosophy to enhancing customer capital existence of customer - organization identification. And embodied the main problem of the study questionably fundamental view how can the bank to enhancing its capital customer through the adoption of a holistic marketing philosophy. The study sample target managers in the Rafidain and Rasheed, as well as his customer, has been included in the study sample (120) individual heads of departments and branches. Offset (120) customers of the two banks. For the purpose of data collection research relied on questionnaire as the main tool has been developed in the light of the views and thoughts of researchers and specialists in the field of study variables.In light of the results of the statistical analysis, Search devised a set of conclusions was the most important : Bank can enhancing its capital customer through relied on marketed holistic philosophy verify the customer's social needs in identification. Based on conclusion study by the research, was derived a set of recommendations, the study community can find to overcome some obstacles present or future, especially since the banking industry in Iraq is witnessing dramatic shifts. Perhaps the most important of these recommendations was the need to adopt management banks surveyed holistic marketing philosophy and work to make them, through the inclusion of the Bank's vision and mission, and must move towards different market sectors so that they can penetrate as much as possible from the market
👁 مشاهدة
الفساد الاقتصادي واثاره على عملية التنمية الاقتصادية في البلدان النامية
Economic Corruption And Its Effects On Economic Development Processes of Developing Countries
اسم المؤلف:
حسين جابر عبد الحميد الخاقاني
اسم المشرف:
يحيى غني جاسم النجار
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2008
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
There are many economic issues that concern society at the local level and international level and which constitute a serious challenge to the peoples and governments, perhaps including the issue of corruption in all its forms and manifestations and effects, which now attracts the attention the issue of human society everywhere. It is simply exploiting public office for personal gain, and reflects the exploitation of aberrant behavior in the noble human values of justice and equality. Perhaps the importance of these values stem from the focus of divine religions and the situation on their relationship to human life, all peoples seek to achieve, and failure to achieve increase of injustice and poverty deepens and broadens social differences, and put right is misplaced, whichincreases the weight of life and the high cost of living.The term "corruption" was not known in the literature or the media before the final quarter of last century, but spread wide and its negative made him impose himself strongly in global forums, and that started the last decade of the last century until the issue of corruption became the focus of attention of researchers who studied forms of corruption The concepts and revealed about the bad effects at all levels including the economic level, complicated by the conference, which was established by the organizations and issued the right decisions at the level of global forums like the United Nations and the European Union and others, until now the foremost concern of each government is trying to instil confidence among the governed aspiring to good governance associated with low degree of corruption. Researchers have not agreed to define the concept of corruption or specific definition is due to a disagreement over any type of conduct that should be included or excluded from the concept of corruption, in addition to the different culture from one country to another, as well as laws and social mores that allow certain behaviors are considered corrupt in the eyes of the countries Other.With the rapid globalization and economic openness in the Nineties past, corruption has become the focus of global concern, those years have seen a growing recognition that addressing the phenomenon and discussed by policy makers and academics.Many of the studies discussed the issue of corruption has focused on noneconomic reasons for corruption, which causes social, legal, administrative, and suggested means of reducing corruption through a package of laws and anticorruption legislation and the application systems of good governance, either for reasons of economic corruption have been the lowest share of research and analysis. Despite the importance of non - economic causes of corruption, but the economic causes of great importance established by the facts in the form of slower economic growth and the erosion of available resources and deepening poverty situation, which requires due attention to this aspect.This research focuses on the economic effects of corruption through disclosure of the nature of corruption and clarifies concepts and factors of the spread and the impact on economic variables. Has been to rely on the extrapolation method, with emphasis on theoretical analysis based on the logic of economic theory, method and use descriptive analysis at hand and the mathematical technique and standard models, other times to clarify the relationship between corruption and macro - economic variables and come out of that relationship from the negative effects, using schemes and fees Illustrations and graphs and tables of data available. Using different sources of literature on this subject and issued by international institutions and organizations of the reports and working papers relating to corruption in both Arabic and English, in addition to the adoption of studies and articles for specialist researchers published in professional journals or posted on the websites of international organizations related.
👁 مشاهدة
الجوانب الاقتصادية للموازنة المائية في العراق
The Economic Aspects of Water Balance In Iraq
اسم المؤلف:
حسيب عبد الله رويح الشمري
اسم المشرف:
جليل شيعان ضمد البيضاني
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Water is life and the first article, to which mystery of God in this life and survival ,and existence and construction. As the Water is the most important resource on earth is the guiding force that underpin the efforts of social and economic development.Not only the water problem in Iraq on the lack of revenue but also in the water. extends to water quality decline and turn into water unfit for use, especially after the establishment of water projects in Turkey, Syria and changing river courses for Iran.Hence the importance of water crystallized at the end of the twentieth century at the global, regional and numerous studies of water in spite of their rarity and therefore it is necessary to develop new strategies for the development and management of water in aneconomical and proper in order to avoid scarcity at various levels. Which will be pressure on agricultural production and to weaken the domestic situation of the families of the rural and industrial sectors, not to mention the increased risk to the environment and health problems.And tried to touch on the thesis that the thought of water and the proposals of the international and Bey, which now focuses on the concept of a single incision and left the supply - side water. The thesis focused on the concepts related to water markets andTrading. Where in addition to the concept of virtual water in addition To a set of indicators Various aquatic. Turning to the thesis of equitable and reasonable use on water quotas, which means to remedy the negative effects and work to build bridges of participation and interest based on a solid base of what will lead to economic revitalization and promising work to assess all the results to achieve sustainability in water resources and good management.And water in order to be a way of cooperation, the researcher about that summarizes a set of points, namely : 1 - so they can be that the style of cooperation rather than confrontation and water as a neutral and a key element of cooperation and good neighborliness.2 - The need to do a quick and urgent review of water policy in the country.3 - the need to expand the establishment of small and medium - sized dams with the allocation of agricultural land to them. 4 - The importance of the seizure to the environment and the fear of pollution should be made to.As for water policy should be to put the basic foundations and on the basis of the interaction between water security and food security and environmental security. In order to be a water policy actors in order to raise the efficiency of water use and which results in density crop with targeting the expansion of cultivated areas in order to increase agricultural production and water policies also work the integration of a harmonious between the system of natural and human system so that the concept of integration and sustainability factor in achieving a balance between supply And demand. The researcher within the plan discussed in the following chapters : Chapter I : The situation of water resources in the world.It included three sections each containing the Study of the subdivisions The first topic : addressing the problem of water globally, within the The second topic : the distribution of water resources, the Arab world. Section III : Economic theory and the integrated management of water resources.Chapter II : Water Resources in Iraq..The first topic : the reality of water in Iraq..Section II : Water demand in Iraq..Section III : Water supply in Iraq..Chapter III : The water balance in Iraq..The first topic : water policy and changing the water.Section II : Cases of water balance and ways to address water deficit.Section III : Estimates of water future resources in Iraq.
👁 مشاهدة
تطوير اجراءات محاسبة التكاليف في النظام المحاسبي الموحد وفقا لمعايير محاسبة التكاليف لدول مختارة
Developing Cost Accounting Procedures In The Unified Accounting System According To Costing Standards of Selected Countries
اسم المؤلف:
حسنين حميد العبيدي
اسم المشرف:
نصيف جاسم الجبوري
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
المحاسبة
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تسعى الشركات العراقية الى تحديد كلفة المنتجات والخدمات التي تقدمها الى الزبائن بشكل دقيق من خلال استخدام الطرائق والاجراءات والمعالجات التي يوفرها نظام محاسبة التكاليف، والاعتماد على مخرجات النظام لما يوفره من معلومات تحليلية وتفصيلية لتحديد كلفة الانتاج | The companies in Iraq make efforts to define exactly the cost of products and services provided to the customers by using methods , procedures and treatments of costing system. Also , the outputs and the detailed information of that costing system can be used to define the cost of production and inventory which would be disclosed through closing accounts , as well as providing another detailed information to be used by management for planning , control , and making decisions. It included the problem of the study on the absence of rules or standards for cost accounting issued by local professional actors or global to the application of cost accounting by economic units system measures but are relying on the exact cost accounting in the consolidated accounting system, which does not meet the needs of the economic system of units. The study concluded a set of conclusions most important, professional bodies have not issued in the Republic of Iraq, especially the standards to regulate the accounting work regarding Alklfoa side, only ordains its accounting system of concepts, general principles and leave the freedom and economic units in the choice of methods and techniques in the application, and in return it has confirmed the internal control guidance directed ministries, issued by the Office of control over the procedures to audit the cost accounts, and for the purpose of measurement and reporting of cost information by economic units form that provides reliable information, it has issued standards that many countries cost accounting, including the United States, India, Pakistan and other countries, as well as the instructions issued by the international Federation of Accountants for the purpose of uniformity and consistency, consistency and comparability
👁 مشاهدة
تاثير التحليل البيئي في المزيج التسويقي السياسي وادارة علاقات الناخب : دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من اعضاء مجالس محافظات الفرات الاوسط
Environmental Analysis Effect On The Political Marketing Mix And Voter Relationships Management
اسم المؤلف:
حسين فلاح ورد ورش البدري
اسم المشرف:
انتصار عباس حمادي الدليمي
يوسف حجيم سلطان الطائي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2012
الموضوع الدقيق:
ادارة اعمال
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تناول الدراسة الحالية موضوع تاثير التحليل البيئي في المزيج التسويقي السياسي وادارة علاقات الناخب ولقد استطلعت الدراسة اراء عينة من اعضاء مجالس محافظات الفرات الاوسط في العراق التي تضم خمس محافظات هي ( القادسية، بابل، النجف، كربلاء، المثنى ). اذ تحددت | This study deals with the effect of environmental analysis on political marketing mix and voter relationships management. The study had been done. The study had been done on a sample of a governorates councils of ( M. U ) in Iraq , which it involve (60) members they are distributed according to a group of demographic characteristics. And questionnaire had been depended on in the study as a tool to collect the data. And the two computer programs (SPSS) and (STATICA) had been used , to process the data and reach to the results which concern with computation of values of ( ratios , frequencies , means , and standard deviations ) as well as test the hypotheses of study , by computation , the values of the relationships of direct effect and indirect among the variables of study , and it’s significance of this relation ships. The study has tried to test a number of major and minor hypotheses related to the relation and regression among the variables of the study. So , the study has reached to several conclusions , such as there is significant effect of environmental analysis on political marketing mix , and there is significant effect of environmental analysis on voter relationships management by political marketing mix. And according to these conclusions , the study presents many suggestions which be useful tools , to the political parties (which are studied ) , either now or in the future
👁 مشاهدة
تطبيق الخوارزمية الجينية في تنظيم تتابع العملية الصناعية في ورش الانتاج : دراسة حالة
اسم المؤلف:
حسن عبد الهادي حسن
اسم المشرف:
مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2005
الموضوع الدقيق:
ادارة اعمال
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
👁 مشاهدة
العلاقة بين مكونات الطلب الكلي وتوزيع الدخل في العراق للمدة (1990 - 2014)
The Relationship Between The Aggregate Demandcomponents And Income Distribution In Iraq For The Period (1990 - 2014)
اسم المؤلف:
حسن خلف راضي
اسم المشرف:
فارس كريم بريهي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تهدف هذه الدراسة الى اختبار العلاقة بين مكونات الطلب الكلي،وتوزيع الدخل في العراق للمدة (1990 - 2014) باستخدام بيانات السلسلة الزمنية بالاسعار الجارية وبالصيغة اللوغاريتمية، وامكانية الاجابة عن الاسئلة، هل انعكس توزيع الدخل في النمو الاقتصادي على واقع ا | This study aimed at testing the relationship between the components of aggregate demand and income distribution in Iraq for the period (1990 - 2014) using time series data at current prices and as logarithmic. It also aimed to answer the following questions : was the income distribution reflected on the reality of the rentier Iraqi economy? Were the aggregate demand components able to achieve the fair distribution of the income in the Iraqi economy? And was the growth achieved first or the distribution and the response exchange between them when tracking the time and quantitative path of the study variables? for the purpose of proving the study hypothesis which states that the relationship between the aggregate demand components and the income distribution in Iraq for the period (1990 - 2014) is weak. In addition, the study aimed at testing the relationship between the components of aggregate demand and economic growth in Iraq. The study also measures and analyzes the relationship between the expenditure and the economic growth and Gini index to measure the inequality in the distribution of income according to a family survey of the year 2012. Determining the reality of the of the aggregate demand components and the distribution of the growth benefits and their effect on the inequality in the incomes distribution in the Iraqi economy which is described as a rentier economy. The distribution of delay model (ARDL) was used. All the variables of the study were shown to be stable at first difference or at the level of some variables. The long and short - term equilibrium relationship (co - integration) between variables and test the causality of these variables was tested. Tests showed that governmental spending has positive impact in the short term and negative impact through long - term in the model that measures the relationship between aggregate demand components and economic growth. The individual spending was found to have a positive impact on the average income of the individuals for the short term because increasing spending leads to an increase in the economic growth. Negative impact in the average spending was found over the long term for economic growth. The Gini index for measuring the disparity in income distribution had no significant impact in the long term on the growth in the provinces of Iraq. The remaining variables included in the study were found to have no effect in the short - term economic growth, where the parameters of these variables were low and has no impact on the growth. The study recommended the diversification of income sources in Iraq
👁 مشاهدة
استخدام اسلوب بيز التجريبي في تقدير معلمات انموذج الانحدار الخطي
Using Empirical Bayes Approach For Estimating Parameters In A Linear Regression Model
اسم المؤلف:
حازم منصور كوركيس عربو
اسم المشرف:
اموري هادي كاظم الحسناوي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2005
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحصاء
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
The primary purpose of our thesis is to assess the importance of using empirical Bayes approach in regression analysis. At the first some empirical Bayes techniques in point estimation are considered. It is well known that in point estimation with a squared error loss function the Bayes estimator is the posterior mean. In the empirical Bayes approach we must construct a consistent sequence of estimators for this posterior mean using past experience. This construction is done for three general families of distributions. New estimators for the parameters in the simple orthogonal linear regression model are presented using not only the usual random sample of observations but also past experience in the form of previous estimators of parameters in similar but independent situations. The regression parameters are considered to be random variables. Bayes estimators are given for a squared error loss function. Even though the prior density of the parameter is unknown the Bayes estimator can be written in terms of the marginal density of sufficient statistic. This marginal density can be estimated empirically , thus forming the empirical Bayes estimator. Empirical Bayes estimators for the parameters in the general linear regression model are presented. These estimators by pass exact knowledge of the prior distribution of parameters by means of supplementary informations from similar independent experiments. The case in which the error variance is unknown and may vary from one experiment to the next is included. Some basic concepts in shrinkage estimators are introduced. The definition of multicolinearity as the existence of near linear relationships among the independent variables is given. Effects of multicolinearity on estimated regression coefficients are explained. Sources of multicolinearity and methods of detecting multicolinerity are presented. The method of ridge regression is given as one of several methods that have been proposed to remedy multicolinearity problems by modifying the method of least squares to allow biased estimators of the regression coefficients. The technique of ridge regression first proposed by Hoerl and Kennard has become a popular tool for data analysts faced with a high degree of multicolinearity in their data. Ridge solution properties and methods for choosing the ridge parameter are presented. The first method is graphical applied by using graphical display called 'ridge trace' the second method is the iterative method proposed by Hoerl and Kennard. The equivalence of ridge regression estimator with Bayers estimator is proved. Bayesian methods are employed for choosing the ridge parameter. An empirical Bayes estimator of the ridge parameter is presented. An empirical Bayes estimator of the ridge parameter which result in minimax ridge regression estimator under strawderman's loss function (formula 2.81) is also presented. By minimax estimator we mean an estimator which is uniformly better than the least square estimator in terms of risk. In the practical part of the thesis we apply ridge regression analysis to the set of actual data suffer from multicolinearity. Three methods are employed to determine the value of the ridge parameter. Comparisons between the three methods are made on the basis of various statistics that might go into the choice of the ridge parameter. According to these comparisons we conclude that the value of the ridge parameter obtained by using empirical Bayes approach (formula 2.78) is better than the other two methods. Ridge analysis is repeated for another set of experimental data obtained by constraint simulation. The same conclusion is obtained when the dependent variable is any one of the variables Y2 ,..... Y6.
👁 مشاهدة
القيمة المضافة للمعرفة في ظل تداؤبية العلاقة بين المورد المعرفي وتكنولوجيا المعلومات : بحث ميداني مقارن في بعض المصارف الاهلية العراقية
Knowledge Value Added Under The Relationship Synergistic Between Knowledge Resource And Information Technology Comparative Field Research In Some of The Iraqi Private Banks
اسم المؤلف:
حاتم علي عبد الله الحمداني
اسم المشرف:
صلاح الدين عواد كريم الكبيسي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
ادارة اعمال
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الكلمات الدلالية:
المورد المعرفي، تكنولوجيا المعلومات
القيمة المضافة للمعرفة
سلسلة قيمة المعرفة
مقدرات المورد المعرفي
امكانات تكنولوجيا المعلومات
نموذج خلق المعرفة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تضمن البحث تكوين تصورات واضحة حول القيمة المضافة للمعرفة من خلال تداؤبية العلاقة بين المورد المعرفي الاساس في هذه القيمة وتكنولوجيا المعلومات كاداة مساعدة في تحقيقها استنادا الى طروحات(Nonaka et al,1996)، في محاولة لتعميم النظرية وامكانية تطبيقها في البي | The present research tries to create a clear perceptions on Knowledge Value added through the Synergetic relationship between the fundamental Knowledge resource in this value and information technology as a tool to assist in their investigation, based to the proposals of (Nonaka et al, 1996), who tried to generalize this theory and apply it in the Iraqi environment, therefore, this research is a start from the research dilemma to bridge the Knowledge gap between the existing intellectual reviews and the possibilities of its applications, it aims to identify the Knowledge resource Competencies and information technology Capabilities and their impact through the Synergetic relationship to achieve the Knowledge value added. The present research is basically on the deductive approach driving from the subjectivism philosophy to deriving it's Hypotheses from the theoretical framework, then trying to test it through statistical and knowledge means in order to verify the objectivity through : first, analytical survey for (114) managers working in three private banks (Middle East, Trade Gulf and North) to verify the availability of Knowledge value added by using statistical means and comparison between them. Second, based on the Knowledge value added methodology which proposed by (Housel & Bell, 2001) to support the first tool and make a comparisons among the three private banks which was supported by the coefficient of creating intellectual value by knowledge means, this was based on Simi - structured interviews with (15) managers to identify the learning times, further, to know the ration of completion the banks processes through the information technology.The results of the present research are supporting all the propose hypothesis based on the experimental level except sixth hypothesis that dealt with finding the significant differences between the research sample banks, and the content analysis which been proofed through it that the Gulf Bank was superior based on return on Knowledge and the coefficient of creating the intellectual value, second and third placed were for Middle East bank and North bank respectively, in spite of the absence of significant differences between them as test (One way ANOVA). Based on the results we can recommend using the Knowledge as platform in the banks working environment and take advantage of the Competencies of its knowledge resource, then the research was closed by many suggested future studies.
👁 مشاهدة
تعزيز فاعلية نظام موازنة البرامج والاداء باطار نظريات ادارة الوقت
Enhance The Effectiveness of Programs And Performance System In Theories of Time Management Framework
اسم المؤلف:
جوان جاسم خضير العبيدي
اسم المشرف:
سلمان حسين عبد الله الطيار
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
المحاسبة
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
يهدف البحث الى دراسة مفهوم موازنة البرامج والاداء وتحليل ابرز النقاط التي تبنى عليها هذه الموازنة وبيان فائدتها وفاعليتها في فرض الرقابة على الانفاق الحكومي، وكذلك تسليط الضوء على مفهوم ادارة الوقت وبيان النظريات التي تبنى عليها هذه الادارة وبيان دور ادار | The research aims to study the concept of budget programs, performance and analysis the most highlight points that the budget depends on, also state its usefulness and effectiveness in the imposition of controls on government expenditures, as well as explain the concept of time management and explain theories the administration depends on also explain the time management roles with its theories and styles it offer when mixed with the programs and budget performance and it will lead to enhance control over government expenditures as well as assist in determining accurate estimates.The research achieve these goals through the following premiere hypothesis to enhance the effectiveness of control on government expenditure by depending on budget programs, performance framed by time management theories.This study has reached a set of conclusions we will mention the most important : 1 - Managers and officials in response to application programs and budget performance and enhance it with priority theories to manage time which enables the software to prepare estimates being known for managers that helps control government expenditures, it is then verified statement of planned targets achievements.2 - Budget programs and performance has a role in time loss reduction by identifying programs and timetables for the implementation of each program within the budget.The study has find the following : a - The need to adopt budget programs and performance by the ministry of finance - General Accounting Department in the preparation of state budget because it based on scientific and practical foundations in preparing estimates which will help to achieve future programs and imposition controls on government expenditures.b - The need to adopt priority theories by time managing in programs arrangement, also arrange activities in the program according to priority and importance which lead to the allocation of resources for chosen programs and then allocation the needed time to implement all the programs that helps in estimate expenditures for every program which helps in impose controls on government expenditures
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مقارنة بعض المقدرات البيزية الحصينة مع مقدرات اخرى لانموذج GARCH(1.1) مع تطبيق عملي
A Comparing of Some Robust Bayesian Estimators With Another Estimators For Garch (1.1) With Practical Application
اسم المؤلف:
جنان عبد الله عنبر
اسم المشرف:
نزار مصطفى جواد الصراف
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2016
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاحصاء
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
تعاني بعض السلاسل الزمنية من التقلبات او عدم الثبات في التباين مثل السلاسل المالية والاقتصادية والبيئية وغيرها, وقد يرافق ذلك وجود التلويث او القيم الشاذة في تلك السلاسل والذي يرافق عملية جمع البيانات في اغلب الاحيان ولاسباب عديدة قد يؤثر ذلك بشكل كبير عل | Some of time series suffer from volatility or instability in variation, such as financial , economic , environmental and other time seriesIt was accompanied by the presence of contamination or stray values in those chains that accompanies the data collection process often for many reasons, which greatly affect the estimation models parameters and thus makes the estimated models parameters and thus makes the estimated models are inaccurate and affect the future in the forecasting process this makes the process of estimation the traditional methods is not accurate and not feasible in practice and that is what led many researchers to find alternative methods of estimating for those methods reduce the impact of contamination and the volatility in the process of estimating the time series models,, including autoregressive conditional heteroscadestic models family (ARCH and GARCH). So the goal came thesis complement the work of researchers as thesis aims to find robust Bayesian estimators to the estimate first order generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscadestic model GARCH (1.1) when errors followed normal distribution, and that by proposing three robust Bayesian methods to estimate a method (y ?BM.Bayes) and method (BM.Bayes) and the reduced method (BM.Bayes Shrinkag). As was the use of certain methods of estimation models (GARCH), such as (MLE) traditional method of estimation and the method of (Bayes) and three robust bounded methods a (BM.Huber) and two methods by the proposed (BM.Hample) and (BM.Tukey). The use of simulation in the style of the experimental side for a comparison between the methods adopted in research using polluting ratios (0% 0.1% 0.10% 0.15% 0.20%) and volumes of samples (500, 1000.1500), In addition to the use of different values of the parameters it is found favorable proposed method (BM.Bayes) be when the values of the two parameters (?1, ?) close to each other when any correlation strength is high , Simulations were also on the values of the parameters of the real series that have been estimated in a manner program application (MLE) and some of them were far from any values that weak correlation strength , It turns out that the best method was the proposed (BM.Bayes.Shrinkag). In the practical side it has been stated in the application of the theoretical side of the building stages of the model and testing of those stages on a series of (1254) Show prices daily sales of Basrah, for the period (2 \ 1 \ 2008 - 31 \ 12 \ 2012) through the application of the proposed third method (the reduced method) (BM.Bayes Shrink) which was best when applied to the estimated values of the parameters in a manner (MLE) in the experimental side as it made less (MSE) and estimate the appropriate model GARCH (1,1) proposed the adoption of the reduced way (BM.Bayes.Shrinkag).
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قياس اثر برامج الاصلاح الاقتصادي على الفجوة الغذائية في الوطن العربي : مصر, الاردن حالة دراسية
Measuring The Impact of Economic Reform Programmes On The Food Gap In The Arab Homeland : Egypt & Jordan (Case Study)
اسم المؤلف:
جليل كامل غيدان الجبوري
اسم المشرف:
سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة:
2007
الموضوع الدقيق:
الاقتصاد
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة بغداد
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
The world order witnessed vast structural changes branded by rapidity and comprehensiveness which caused dramatical changes on many economical variables. It also influenced the social and economic situations to all countries whether developed or developing. So the developing countries find itself required to enter or adopt the policies of political reform imposed by the world economic environment factors, local factors represented by economic recession, increase in oil prices, aggravation of the crisis of foreign indebtedness, international increase of interest prices, the trend to globalization, the prominence of the private sector as a main axis to activate the economic activity and to undertake an effective role in the economic development. All these factors led to structural confusion in the economies of the developing countries, including the countries of the Arab Homeland. Food is regarded as an essential indicator for economic growth and a measure for the level of individual's luxury, so this study aims at showing the extent of the influence of the policies of the economic reform programmes used in the Arab World countries on the food gap represented by the difference between consumption and production hypothesizing that, these policies have positive and negative influences on the food gap. This study is divided into three chapters.The first chapter includes a theoretical vision for the economic reform programmes and its reflection on the food gap. The first section deals with the concepts of economic reform. In the second section, the food gap tackled, and the section devoted to the theoretical influences of the economic reform programmes on the food gap.The second chapter tackles the applications of the economic reform programmes and the food gap in chosen countries (Egypt & Jordan)..
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استخدام مدخل الخصائص التقنية لمعلومات المحاسبة الادارية في صياغة وتنفيذ استراتيجيات المزايا التنافسية : دراسة تطبيقية في شركة الهلال الصناعية - مساهمة مختلطة
Using Technical Attributes Approach For Management Accounting Information In Formulating And Executing Strategies Competitive Advantages Applied Study In Al - Hilal Industrial Company
اسم المؤلف:
جابر حسين علي جابر
اسم المشرف:
هاشم علي هاشم الموسوي
الموضوع العام:
الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق:
المحاسبة
الدرجة:
دكتوراه
الجامعة:
جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة:
العربية
مكان الجامعة:
البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص:
Accompanied by application a traditional Techniques of management accounting a lot of criticisms that it has not kept pace with developments and changes in the business environment and are thus unable to meet the requirements of administration inachieving competitive strategies of the organization, This had the effect of weakening the competitive position of the organizations has therefore required change in the information systems in general. The focus was more on management accountinginformation for their technical characteristics of (Relevance in the process of decision making and to respond to the requirements of understanding and recognition processes).Accordingly, the study was aimed at achieving the following : - 1 - Diagnosing deficiencies in traditional management accounting techniques applied in the sample study in response to the requirements of contemporary competitive environment, and to the competitive strategies (reduce the cost, improve quality, just - in - time delivery) 2 - Solve deficiencies in traditional management accounting techniques applied in the sample study by using technical characteristics approach for management accounting information.This study conclude the importance of management accounting information in formulating and executing competitive strategy and the importance of adapting the competitive strategy (reduce the cost, improve quality, just - intime delivery) as one package in sample study besides concentrated on delivery in a time strategy in watercondation factory and reduce cost strategy in Electrodes factory and adapting improve quality strategy in Cover factory
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