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فاعلية ادارة فرق عمل الحملات الوطنية للتلقيحات : دراسة استطلاعية لاراء بعض المشاركين فيها : دراسة تطبيقية في دائرة صحة بغداد الكرخ / قطاع الكرخ The Effectiveness of The Teams Management In The National Campaigns For Immunization

اسم المؤلف: فائزة احمد امين الحكيم
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: ان بحثي هذا الموسوم بـ ( فاعلية ادارة فرق العمل في الحملات الوطنية للتلقيحات - دراسة استطلاعية لاراء بعض المشاركين فيها ) , كان الهدف منه هو دراسة العديد من العوامل المؤثرة في فاعلية فرق عمل التلقيحات , وذلك بغية تحسينها , وصياغة انموذج لفاعلية ادارة فر | My research that is called " Team Management Effectiveness In National Campaigns For Immunizations - Study for the opinions of some of the participants " , Aimed to study many of the factors influencing the effectiveness of the immunization teams , to improve this effectiveness , establish a model for the effectiveness of immunization teams in Iraq that can be useful for the health authorities , and to discover the problems and difficulties facing these teams and to establish suggestions to solve them. Also , to discover the relationship between the immunization team empowerment and their management effectiveness. The importance of this study is that the immunization are very important weapon that has a close relation to people health and the safety of the community by minimizing the spread of the communicable and infectious diseases , that cause a lot of illnesses , handicaps and death in the community. So , I was convinced that this study could help in improving the health status in the country. For this I dispensed 60 questioner lists that designed according to Likert's measurement and used the statistical styles to analyze the information collected. The results showed that their was importance impact and a positive relation between the immunization teams empowerment and their management effectiveness , this goes with previous studies
الصفحات الاولى:

المتغيرات الاقتصادية العالمية المعاصرة واثارها على الاقتصادات العربية The World Economic Contemporary Variable And Its Impacts On The Arab Economie

اسم المؤلف: عيادة سعيد حسين
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: ايمان عبد خضير الغريباوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: The Arab economy suffers from many structural imbalances problems which are getting complicated by the appearance of the world economic variables. This change held risky challenges for the Arab economies in the light of unsuitable regional and international conditions. Since then it has been very essential for the Arab experts, especially those related to economy and politics, to face those new challenges or, at least, adaptation with them believing that they can have both positive and negative impacts on the Arab economy. This study has acquired its importance in the light of the critical levels the Arab economy reached out of the world economic variables, resulting in long - term crises. of the most fundamental variables facing the Arab economy and the world as well are : - The scientific and technological revolution. - The increasing tendency towards creating world - wide economic groups - Globalization and its instruments. Aiming to explain the world economic impacts on the Arab economies, the study is divided into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the Arab economies and contemporary developments. It was discussed in terms of two sections : The current situation of the Arab economies, and the developments of the Arab contemporary economies. The second chapter reviews the world economic variables mentioned before. The last chapter discussed the economic impacts of the world economic variables on the Arab economies. At the end, the study reached to several conclusions and recommendations which might help doing something to the Arab economy as a whole.
الصفحات الاولى:

تشخيص وفحص مدى الملاءمة لنماذج السلاسل الزمنية المختلطة ذات الرتب الدنيا Identification And Diagnostic Checking For Low Order Mixed Models

اسم المؤلف: عبيد محمود محسن الزوبعي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: عبد المجيد حمزة الناصر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تمثل الهدف ببحث مرحلتي التشخيص Identification وفحص مدى الملاءمة Diagnostic checking للنماذج المختلطة ARMA ذات الرتب الدنيا في مجال الزمن Time Domain وفي مجال التكرار Frequency Domain والمقارنة بين ادوات التشخيص ومعايير اختيار الرتبة واختبارات فحص مدى المل | The aim of this work is to study the two stages of identification and diagnostic checking of mixed models (ARMA) with low orders of time domain and frequency domain.The methodology of research had tackled in balanced way both the theoretical part (by using statistical theory) and experimental part (by using simulation). The thesis consisted of five chapters in addition to introduction. The first chapter contained the basic concepts of time series, stationary, mixed models with low orders and analysis tools for time domain and frequency domain.The second chapter included the identification stage as it contained the identification tools and selection criteria for models order.Also it included asggestion for two new methods of identification and anew criterion for order determination. The third chapter tackled the diagnostic checking by using a group of tests depending on time domain and frequency domain.Also it included viewing of some other aspects in time series analysis in order to open new avenues which could be traded by other researchers.The fourth chapter contained the experimental part by applying what had been depicted in previous chapters on mixed models (ARMA(1,1)), (ARMA(1,0)) and (ARMA(0,1)) and then to find out comparisions between identification tools, order selection criteria and diagnostic checking tests through giving different values of the parameters [?1,?1] and for different sizes of series and by iterating the experiments (1000) times.It had been arrived at some conclusions and recommendations which were consisting the fifth chapter
الصفحات الاولى:

تدقيق اداء النشاط الخدمي الحكومي : تدقيق اداء عينة من انشطة امانة بغداد Performance Auditing For Governmental Services Activities Auditing The Performance of A Sample of Baghdad Mayoralty Activities

اسم المؤلف: عبد الوهاب عبد الرزاق مهدي العبيدي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اسم المشرف: عبد الفتاح امين حسن
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: لقد شهد التدقيق خلال الفترة الماضيه القريبه تغيرات كبيره وواضحه نتيجة للغييرات الاقتصادية الواسعه والمتسارعه التي حدثت. فضهرت انواعا عديده اخرى من التدقيق بجانب التدقيق المالي كان اهمها تدقيق الاداء.وتجلت اهمية هذا النوع من التدقيق في القطاع العام لم | During the Near past period, many significant changes took place in auditing as result of the huge rapid economics changes that’s influence in creating of many other kinds of auditing in addition to the financial auditing. One of the important kinds is performance auditing.The importance of this kind of auditing appears in public sector which need a continuous following up and allocation of a lot of amounts of funds in order to deliver services to the public properly. According to that, financial auditing becomes unsuitable, which only focuses on auditing the financial actions according to the budgets.Financial control also focusing on flowing up and verifying that expensing money and collecting revenue take place according to the plan (budget) and the procedures take place according to the valid regulations. That’s happen without considering the impact of the results of expensing money. According to that performance auditing appears too focused on auditing the efficiency of using resources and auditing the entity effectiveness.Regarding privet sector, financial auditing doesn’t provide a comprehensive view about the company performance. The objective of financial auditing is to report if the financial statements represent fairly the financial position and business result and its cash flow without determining the performance efficiency and effectiveness.Performance auditing start from the point which the financial auditing end through providing a comprehensive view about the efficiency, economy and effectiveness of performance, that’s will integrated with the information providing by financial auditing in submitting a massive clear view about performance. Another point is that performance auditing providing information that help in carrying out the public accountability.The point which represents evidently the importance of performance auditing is issuing standards dealing with that subject from the international organization of supreme audit institutions (INTOSAI).Performance auditor is the most suitable side for carrying out performance auditing because other sides when doing such audit will not starting from evaluating control system (as the auditor do) belong to the auditee, that’s will make the performance auditor is the most capable side for doing performance audit.Owing to the importance of performance auditing subject, this dissertation divided methodologically graded in to six chapters. The first is the thesis methodology and related previous studies which reviewed the methodology of the study, previous studies. The second chapter is the theoretical background of performance auditing through three sections, first section contain the concepts of performance auditing and its principles , goals, differences with financial auditing and its requirements.In the second section, we discussed the phases of performance auditing starting from planning phase and through preliminary survey, designing audit program, collecting evidence and the necessary information, preparing audit report and ending with flowing up phase. In section three we touched upon the basic elements of performance auditing; efficiency, effectiveness and economy and other related performance indicators.In the third chapter, we presented the international standards related to performance auditing issued by INTOSAI through three sections; general standards, field work standards and reporting standards and we showed their similarities to performance auditing standards belong to some countries.The fourth chapter show through three sections measuring performance; the first contain the concepts, principles, obstacles of performance measurement and the characteristics that should be available in performance indicators. Second section contain talked the rules and methods of performance measurement, while the third section dealt with presenting municipal performance indicators.Chapter five contain auditing performance of a sample of Baghdad mayoralty basic activities; purifying and distributing water, swage solid waste collection and cleaning and properties management belong.Finally we close chapter six with our conclusions and recommendations concerning the subject.
الصفحات الاولى:

التعلم المنظمي واثره في نجاح المنظمات : دراسة ميدانية في شركات وزارة الاعمار والاسكان في العراق

اسم المؤلف: عبد الستار ابراهيم دهام
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: صلاح الدين عواد كريم الكبيسي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: شهد العالم تقدما كبيرا وقفزات نوعية في مجالات الاعمال ولا سيما في مجال اعمال البنى التحتية كالمباني والاسكان والطرق والجسور في ظل تحولات جذرية ومتسارعة لاساليب العمل والادارة في الشركات المختصة بتلك المجالات من خلال تبني وتفعيل التعلم المنظمي بوصفه عملية
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر الانماط القيادية في ادوار الصحة والسلامة المهنية : دراسة استطلاعية في مستشفيات دائرة صحة بغداد الرصافة The Effect of Leadership Styles On The Role of Occupational Health And Safety

اسم المؤلف: عباس حسين جميل
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: عباس علي ظاهر العامري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تعد القيادة جوهر العملية الادارية وهي المعيار الذي يتحدد في ضوءه نجاح او فشل اي منظمة او تنظيم، والقائد يحتاج الى المام واسع وتفهم عميق للبيئة والظروف المحيطة وتاثيرها على المنظمة التي يقودها، ولابد ان يكون اثر القيادة واضحا بعد بيان وتحديد مكونات ادوار | Leadership is the fundamental manageal operation and criterion by which the success or failure of any organization or system is determined. The leader needs a wide inspiration and a deep understanding of the effect of work environmental and conditions on the organization that he leads.The effect of leadership should be clear while the leader recognizes and determines the constitutes and dimensions of the roles of the occupational health and safety , so that the leader might be able to create and prepare a safe and stable work environment which would give positive social and economic results to the organization.The problem of the study can be summarized in the effect of different leadership styles is not clear concerning the roles of leadership , and in the most common leadership styles in the health organization. The impertinence of this study arises from the rarity of the previous studies which were done about the same subject.The samples of this study were x - ray unit managers at Baghdad health office - Al - Rusafa which involved 24 (twenty four) hospital including a wide geographical area so that to obtain more precise and accurate information to enrich the study.This study depended upon the hypothesis which says that (the leadership style has an influence on the roles of occupational health and safety ).The Conclusions and recommendations obtained from the study were based on theoretical field. The most important conclusion was the poor effect of leadership styles of the research sample in general, on the roles of occupational health
الصفحات الاولى:

العوامل المؤثرة في سلوك تمهيد الدخل : دراسة في عينة من المصارف الاهلية في العراق Factors Influencing Behavior of Income Smoothing A Study In A Sample of Iraqi Private Banks

اسم المؤلف: طارق توفيق يوسف العبد الله
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: فاطمة جاسم محمد السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: This study aims at demonstrating the importance of Income Smoothing behavior and internal and external factors, in addition to giving an insight about the most important studies, which dealt with this topic from all its aspects. The study was conducted on a sample of Iraqi private joint - stock banks in terms of whether or not these banks tend to the application of smoothing, as well as the influence of these factors on these banks.The study depended upon a set of hypotheses and reached to findings, the most important of them are the tendency of the study sample to practice smoothing behavior, and the great influence of internal and external factors on the research sample.It has beenclear that the internal factors have more influence than external ones, in varying degrees; in that the size factor has the greatest effect among other factors.The study presented a number of specific recommendations
الصفحات الاولى:

اشكال تمويل الخدمات الصحية العامة في العراق : دراسة تحليلية Financing Fors For Governmental Health Services In Iraq Analytic Study

اسم المؤلف: صباح صاحب المستوفي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: محمد علي ابراهيم العامري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تناولت هذه الدراسة خيارات تمويل الخدمات الصحية في العراق، اذ بحث الجزء النظري منها الخلفية التاريخية لواقع الخدمات الصحية حيث كان العراق من الدول التي شهدت تحسن في مستوى خدماتها الصحية الا ان هذه الخدمات تدهورت واحد اسباب تدهورها هو شحة التمويل، ولم يستطع | The study discuss financing forms for Iraqi's Health Sector, the 1st part review the main features of the current health situation, during the last period there has been a disastrous decline in people's health because of the shortage of finance.Both the central budget and self - financing (auto - financing) can not improve the level of health financing to increase the health expenditure per capita to the same level in the surrounding countries.The 2nd part of the study analyse the financial data and compare the results with some health statistics as indicators for the level of health services, the result of analysis indicate the need for repair of the health financing system in addition to search for new health financing forms.The main option to raise money for health is to charge patients for health care, charges were the main sources to improve the health system and make users aware of the real costs of health care.To increase the financial risk protection, a high percentage of funding should be prepayment rather than coming from out - of - pocket sources at the point of using health services, so that it is important to ensure that appropriate levels of financing for health sector are included when ever the government prepares it's budgets.Islamic aids as an alternative can contribute to social health insurance funds, a tax on tobacco could be introduced and the proceeds allocated to the health budget on the ground that smoking cause ill health and impose extra costs on the health services
الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير تـدفق القـروض الخارجـية في تحقيق التحولات الهيكلية لاقتصادات بعض دول الاسكوا للمدة (1990 - 2002) The Effect of External Loans Flow Through Achieving Structural Transformation For The Economy of Some of The Escwa Countries (1990 - 2002)

اسم المؤلف: صادق زوير لجلاج السعيدي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: راوية عبد الرحيم ياس
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: This Study Concerns itself with shedding some Lights on the size of External Loans flow of some Escwa Countries (Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, and Yemen), the burden such Loans make and the ability of such Loans to make some desired Structural transformations in the economy of such countries.To achieve the above aim, an evaluation model was used (Chenery - Taylor) after making some modifications on that model. Then, the independent variables and Structural Indicators were specified. Such Structural Indicators are : 1 - Yagr : Represents share of the Agriculture sector in GDP as a percentage from GDP. 2 - Yind : Represents share of the Industrial sector in GDP as a percentage from GDP.3 - Yser : Represents share of the Service sector in GDP as a percentage from GDP.4 - Yaem : Represents share of the labor force in Agriculture sector as a percentage from the total labor force.5 - Yiem : Represents share of the labor force in Industrial sector as a percentage from the total labor force.6 - Ysem : Represents share of the labor force in Service sector as a percentage from the total labor force.The independent variables were : X1 : Total loans as a percentage from GNP. X2 : Total Investment as a percentage from GNP.X3 : Population.X4 : Gross domestic product per capita.X5 : Total exports of goods and service as a percentage from GNP.X6 : Total Imports of goods and service as a percentage fromGNP.This Study also depends on analytical quantity model in research for building economic model and estimate parameter in regression by (OLS) then tests the power of these models through statistical testing. The Study ends in some conclusions related to the results of analyzing the economic measurement model for the effect of some independent variables on chosen structural Indicators. Such structural transformation, which happened in nearly all the countries in the sample of this study. This study doesn’t take the transformation from agricultural sector to industrial and service sector, except (Egypt), the external loans has effect on desired structural transformation in its economy, this belongs to political causes..
الصفحات الاولى:

تصميم نظام تقويم الاداء الاستراتيجي للجامعات باعتماد تقنية بطاقة الدرجات المتوازنة : دراسة تطبيقية في جامعة بغداد

اسم المؤلف: سناء عبد الرحيم سعيد
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاداء الاستراتيجي، مقاييس الاداء
  • ادارة الاداء الاستراتيجي
  • مقاييس الاداء الاستراتيجي
  • تقويم الاداء الاستراتيجي
  • بطاقة الدرجات المتوازنة
  • عوامل النجاح الحاسمة
  • مؤشرات الاداء الرئيسة، النتائج
  • جودة العملية التعليمية
  • جودة الخدمات الساندة
  • التعلم
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحـث الى تصميم ومكننة نظام متطـور لتقويـم الاداء الاستراتيجـي للجامعات العـراقيــة، باعتماد تقنية جديدة هي " بطاقة الدرجات المتوازنة " من خلال دراسة وتشخيص معالـم النظام القائم حاليا، وتحديد نقاط قوته وضعفه، فضلا عن تصميم ومكننة نظام معلومات | This research aims to design and mechanize a developed system for evaluating the strategic performance of Iraqi universities depending on a new technology named " The Balanced Scorecard ". We study and diagnose the present system and determine its strengths and weaknesses, in addition to that we design and mechanize information system capable of providing data of the desired features, through it, we can achieve the evaluation process in term of the proposed system. The research has depended on two styles : case study and empirical study to reach the desired results, and it didn’t only study what is in hand, diagnose the weaknesses in present system, and treat them by the proposed system, but further it applied the proposed system on a sample of Iraqi universities, university of Baghdad; and various interviews were made with the managers responsible for performance evaluation in the Scientific Supervision & Evaluation Apparatus / Performance Evaluation department in Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research, other interviews were made with the instructors in various colleges continuously, and there were field visits the researcher made to the Ministry & Baghdad university and some colleges to know work details and to get the data. of the field study, it was clear that the Education Ministry was in need for a comprehensive system for evaluating its universities & colleges performance as the present system suffers weaknesses representing in : some of its indicators were unsuitable because they couldn’t reflect the universities performance accurately, there were a shortage in determining the system weights and failure in determining the critical success factors that contribute in distinguishing the universities, and the system lacked the descriptive indicators that make university costumers take part in evaluation process, Moreover, the system lacked financial indicators that measure financial performance efficiency and the benefit of its output was limited. The research came out with several theoretical and applied conclusions, the most important of them were : 1. The strategic performance measurements measure the strategic plans performance by concentrating on key activities which accomplish strategic objectives that require various measurement tools, financial & unfinancial. The performance measurements on the basis of balanced score card technology present a whole picture about result and reason connections that lead the businesses toward maintaining strategic objectives.2. The technology of balanced scorecard is considered more objective because of its scientific methodology in determining the relative importance of strategic performance dimensions and it’s key performance aspects.3. The university performance evaluation is an accurate examination for the reality, it shows where the university is doing well, why? And where it fails, and how it can treat this failure?. The dependence on balanced scorecard technology in evaluating university performance gives a chance for forming an organized series of measurement which interpret the message of creating knowledge and participation, and benefit of it in cohesive general dynamic framework.4. The proposed system presents a description of the university in details, the positive and negative aspects through the accurate analysis and schedules, and also presents an approach for the whole measurement of the universities performance as all the dimensions are measured totally; and an approach for the partial measurement.5. The system automation on computer enables us of using various windows characterized of a distinguished capability of linking more than one database or taking the database contents and showing them on the screen directly, for the purpose of adding or deleting some data, and this facilities the process of inserting data, and eliminate the probability of error in data insertion. The research concludes with suggesting an automated system to evaluate the universities performance besides several recommendations are made, the most important were : - 1. Using the proposed system to evaluate the universities performance as it involves various financial & unfinancial measurements that present a clear and objective picture about university performance outcomes.2. Providing the necessary requirements for the successful application of the proposed system including the comprehension of all measurements, supporting the top management, providing the required human resources, equipments, and training the people responsible for performing this process.3. Supplying the university with the evaluation outcomes by depending on " Evaluating Publicity " 4. The importance of existing an objection system against evaluation results as an attempt to turn the system from the formal state to objective state.5. Setting an incentive system linked with the proposed evaluation system.
الصفحات الاولى:

دراسة احصائية لوفيات الاطفال الرضع لمحافظة نينوى للفترة 1987 - 2004

اسم المؤلف: سما سعدي علي الهاشمي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين زيني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: يعد الاحصاء السكاني ( الديموغرافي ) من العلوم المهمة في الوقت الحاضر، فهو الدراسة الاحصائية للسكان وخصائصهم وفعالياتهم وتغييراتهم من حيث التكاثر والوفاة والانتقال والعوامل التي تؤثر فيها والنتائج التي تنشا عنها. من اهم التغيرات التي تحدث على السكان ه
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تحليل مؤثرات الشراء الصناعي : دراسة حالة في مصنع الكونكريت الخفيف The Influences Analysis of Industrial Buying - Case Study In A Factory of The Light Concrete

اسم المؤلف: سرمد حمزة جاسم الشمري
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: ثامر ياسر البكري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: اصبحت منظمات الاعمال الحاضرة تؤكد على مشترياتها من المواد والخدمات التي تحتاجها لانجاز عملياتها التشغيلية، وان ذلك التاكيد يتطلب منها ان تهتم بوظيفة الشراء التي تزايدت اهميتها بسبب نشاطاتها التي لها تاثيرات واضحة ومباشرة في ربحية المنظمة، وهكذا فان بامك | The business today has to focus on her competitive superior by her purchases from materials and services, which are operational processes needs to it. The purchasing function is of a great importance because its actions will impact directly on the organization’s profitability, so as organizations can be save money by its effective purchasing processes. This search tries to analysis environmental, organizational and individual influences in an industrial buying that have to facilitate achievement of organization’s objectives. Industrial buying is a process carried out by individuals, in interaction with other people, in the context of a formal organization. The organization, in turn, is influenced by a variety of forces in the environment. By using a methodology of case study at the Factory of Light Concrete in Iraq, this search concludes a great importance of organizational influences in industrial buying. And it refers to that organizations have to develop a purchasing department with permanent employees, and it have to establish for them a clear tasks to manage the efforts of industrial buying effectively.
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مقارنة بعض الطرائق المعلمية واللامعلمية لبعض تصاميم القياسات المكررة A Comparisoin of Some Parametric And Nonparametric Methods For Some Repeated Measures Designs

اسم المؤلف: سجى محمد حسين علي الهاشمي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: ظافر حسين رشيد النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: في الكثيرمن الدراسات الطبية والتربوية والسيكولوجية (علم النفس)وعلم الاجتماع نشاهد بان المفردات (subjects) تتكرر تحت مختلف الشروط التجريبية((conditions والتي تسمى بالمعالجات (treatments) وان البيانات المتجمعة من مختلف الوحدات التجريبية تفترض لان تكون مستقل | In many medical , educational , psychology and sociology studies we find that the same subjects repeated under different experimental conditions which called treatments. The collected data from different experimental units suppose to be independent while the observation for the same experimental units will be dependent. The term repeated measures designs is called for this type of data in which the response for every experimental units or subjects is tested or measured under a number of different experimental conditions. Our attention will be on the case of a univariate response variable. There are many procedures for testing the null hypothesis that there is no treatments effects, depends on the number of treatments. either the same subjects are tested under two treatments or tested under three treatments or more. The aim of this study is comparing the tests for nonparametric and parametric methods of repeated measures designs for two treatments through applying the tests on true experiments data. and comparing the tests for nonparametric and parametric methods for three treatments or more, which included two designs which are the complete randomize block design when the ANOVA conditions are satisfied. And the One - way generalized repeated measures model when does not assume specified form of the variance - covariance matrix.Simulation procedures are used in order to compare probability of type one error and power of the test for all methods. In addition , the researcher presented the suggested methods and analyzing the results by comparing them with the other methods for the mentioned designs.
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استخدام سلاسل ماركوف في التعرف على تعاقبات الحامض النووي DNA

اسم المؤلف: زينب هاتف عباس الركابي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: ضوية سلمان حسن الجنابي علي عبد الرحمن الزعاك
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: بحوث العمليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: ان للحمض النووي الدنا DNA اهمية كبيرة وبالغة لكونه حاملا للمعلومات الوراثية وبالتالي فان دراسة تعاقبات الحمض النووي DNA سوف تعطينا انطباعا عن الصفات الوراثية للكائن الحي.وبالنظر لاهمية سلاسل ماركوف في تفسير وتحليل الكثير من الظواهر من حيث حيز التكرار، ول | The DNA has great importance because it is a hereditary information carrier. In view of the importance of markove's chains in explaining, and analyzing many of the phenomenae through succession, our research incentive has therefore came to represent markov chains applications on the DNA and considering the conditional transitional probabilities of these chains elements for its great importance in finding the hereditary genetics from DNA compositions. Markov chains has been implemented for the probable alignment of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth orders. Three means depending on these alignments have been used. Experimentation on four of DNA chains was carried out for human growth hormone and relied on DNA succession for comparison between the three ways that nominate the chain of the greater probability to represent the gene.In addition, a program was created to code and translate the three models of the ORF for the DNA succession and the chains for the three models which start with the start code and end with the stop code. The program was written by Visual basic language to carry out these operations and to yeild sequence alignment between the human growth hormone gene and other chains.The program implemented DNA chains in which the nucleotide number is less than 3000 bases examplified by the human growth's hormone, mouse and chicken growth hormone.As well, entrotoxins produced by E.coli, salmonella , shigella representing prokaryotes were also included one of the most significant conclusion reached is that markov assessment method of calculated weights by means of Chi Square is the best mean for identifying genes from DNA sequences.
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تحليل مقومات ادارة المعرفة علاقتها بالابداع : دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من منتسبي الشركتين العامة للصناعات البتروكيمياوية وصناعة الاسمدة

اسم المؤلف: زين العابدين جاسم محمد السالم
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Knowledge management is a new organization concept, which recently has been commonly used ,and which is concerned with organizing and providing intellectual resources for a modern organizati0n through the adoption of management for applications andmechanisms that in courage innovation and , preference of competitive advantage , cost reduction , and quality improvement for the purpose of increasing the ability of organization to survive and grow in to days world.The study aims analyzing knowledge management , exploring its basic components & the relations among them , and reflection of this on the level innovation in the two sample companies.The study was conducted at tow companies : state companies for Petrochemical Industry , and Fertilizers Industry. A sample of ( 40 ) persons in each company were selected for the study purpose ,including ( top management , departments of R& D and trainingdepartments , in addition to distinct persons ( technicians and administrative personal ).For the purpose of data collection , a questionnaire of ( 12 ) ma in and minor variables was developed. The study was based on tow main hypotheses relating to correlation coefficient and variance.The study has arrived at a set of conclusions , the most important of which is the high interest and benefit by the subjects of study in knowledge management requisites , especially knowledge product , organizational culture leadership, human resources evelopment in enhancing innovation
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قاعدة البيانات واهميتها في تقدير الحاجة الى الادوية : دراســة تطبيقيــة في دائـرة صحــة النجــف الاشــرف The Data Base & Its Importance In The Need Estimation For Drugs Applied Study In The Najaf Health Organi

اسم المؤلف: رياض شاكر هادي عمارة
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: عبد السلام لفتة سعيد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث الى محاولة بناء قاعدة بيانات لعمل مذاخر الادوية والمستلزمات الطبية وبالذات لمعالجة مشكلة من المشاكل التي تواجهها ادارات المذاخر الطبية سواء في فرع الشركة العامة للادوية في النجف او في مذاخر الادوية في المستشفيات والقطاعات والمراكز الصحية وا | The research aims to design Data Base for doing drug & medical equipments & instruments storage to solve one of the problems which interface the drug storage management either in the drug general company in Najaf Governmental or in the hospitals & sectors & primary health centers. This problem is the annual need estimation of the drug and medical equipments & instruments to reach its needs & lastly reach the patients needs. This problem pursuer where the drug storage is pursuer and still now. So this research partaking of two important sides to solve the problem. The theoretical side took the conceptual framework for Data Base which put the general Bases for the D.B. storage & the specialty of the drug. While the practical side took the designing & building Data Base. Which are specialized in drug in their storages in the drug general company and health organizations which are supplied from these storages. And as seen by the researcher the importance of following of development in designing of this Data Base in new technology & pay more attention for Data which we must gain which are important in structuring of their Bases according to a correct scientific style to prevent the accruing of the over flowing or ungenerous or losing in the drug & medical instrument through a correct estimation in quantity & quality required, or defined data for supplying or defining the productive lifetime of the medical instruments for assuredness of saving according to the patient & health organizations need which introduce the health & medical services, (treatable & community prophylactic) to boosting up the individual health level. The researcher pay more attend to all Data which are necessary & needed to structuring the Data Base in Najaf health organization and in which manager they will gained from their sources in addition to analyze the work procedures to reach to this, and also the researcher pay attention to the periodical reports which are working now in addition to the developing these reports.
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تاثير استراتيجية الموارد البشرية في الاداء المنظمي : دراسة ميدانية في بعض الشركاث الصناعية العراقية في البصرة The Effect of The Human Resources Strategy On Organizational Performance Empirical Study of Sample In Iraqi Industrial Companies In Basrah

اسم المؤلف: رشا مهدي صالح كسار الخفاجي
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Astrategic Relationship of Human Resources and its Impact in the Organizatiional Performance. A case Study of Sample in Iraqi Industrial Companies BY Rasha Mahdi Salih Kassar AL - Khafaji This thesis tends to test the relationship between the strategic human resources across its constitation (the strategic orientation of human resources, the attract of human resources, the development of knowledge and skills, the retain of them, appraisal of develop and improvement performance) and its impact in the organized performance according to its constitution (productivity, the satisfaction of employees, the turnover of labour, costs). This study is conducted in the general company of petrochemical and the general company of beeds or samples of (50) person consisting of boss ofarrangment and monitoring who have Bachelor and their service not less than (20) years. The researcher followed the hypothesis which tells that there is a feedback relationship and abstract meanings among human resources strategy and organizational performance. This study used the questioneere bill according to (likert) fifth scale. The study ceneludes that there is an atteution on the part of the samples and their support for the scale of (strategy of human resources) and (organizational performance).
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العوامل السلوكية والتنظيمية المؤثرة بالسرقات في المستشفيات الحكومية : دراسة تطبيقية في دائرة صحة بغداد الرصافة

اسم المؤلف: دشوار جلال عبد الحميد الاتروشي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تعتبر السرقات التي يقوم بها العاملين، في المنظمات التي يعملون فيها، من الممارسات السلبية التي لم تعد خافية او يمكن انكارها او اخفائها، وعلى الرغم من خصوصية المستشفيات كمؤسسات خدمية تعمل على مدار الساعة، وتتعامل مع حياة الناس، فانها لم تكن معصومة من ت
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تاثير الهيكل التنظيمي واللاتاكد البيئي في فاعلية بعض كليات جامعة بغداد والكليات الاهلية : دراسة ميدانية The Effect of Organizational Structure & Environment Uncertinity On Effictiveness In Some Baghdad College & Privat College - Afield Study

اسم المؤلف: خمائل طالب طه مهدي الرسول
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: صلاح محمود عبد الكريم الرحيم
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة عامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: يعد الهيكل التنظيمي خير الية تعتمدها المنظمة للموائمة والانسجام بين طبيعة العوامل الموقفية (التكنولوجية، البيئة، الحجم، الاهداف )وبين الظروف الداخلية للمنظمة. والهيكل الافضل هو القادر على التوفيق ما بين العوامل الموقفية والعوامل الداخلية للمنظمة. | In Time That Was The Environment Have Become Complex & Uncertain That Necessitate Paying More Attention To The Organization Structure. So That Managers Often Assess The Uncertainty In External Environment of Their Organization When Considering Design. They Can Design The Organization TO Increase Information About The Environment & Make The Organization More Flexible In The Response To The Environment The Existing Structure May Fail To Signal Mangers That A decision Is Needed Now Because of Such Environmental Changes.This Research Deals With The Effect of The Environment Uncertainty In The Organization Structure, & The Relation Both of Theme In The Organization EffectivenessThe Research Aims To Evaluate The Dimension of Organization Structure In The Universities of Public & Private Sector. The Research Had Used Auctioneer To Measure The Dimension of Organization Structure (Formulation, Centrality, Complexity), Dimensions of Environment Uncertainty (Change, Complexity, THE Environment Richens), Environment Interdependence & Organization Effectiveness. The Research Involves Sixth Chapters, The First Contains the General Framework of Research, While The Second Involves Specified For Study &Analysis of Organization Structure, Environment Uncertainty, The Organization Effectiveness, & The Analysis of Relation between : The Environment Uncertainty With Organization Structure, & Organization Effectiveness, The Third, Forth, &Fifth Chapters Deals With The Practice Framework of Research.The Researcher Had Use The Regression, Frequencies & “Sperman” Correlation To Measure The Variables of Research, The Sixth Chapter Deals With The Most Important Conclusion & Recommendation For This Research.
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اثر المناخ التنظيمي في عملية الابداع : دراسة ميدانية في عينة من المنظمات الانتاجية في محافظة البصرة Effects of Organization Climate In Innovation Process Logistic Study For Sample Productive Organizations In Basrah Governorate

اسم المؤلف: خليل ابراهيم عيسى الخالدي
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: محمد عبود طاهر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: the aim of this study is to discover the effect of organization climate in innovation organization process in the productive organizations in Basrah.hrough analysis and diagnosis the defect and power points in thecorrelation among the varables either independent or main and the variable accredited the organization innovation as shown by the analysis of the importance of sub - variables form each main variable.the study has been made for a pattern of directors, engineers , technicians,creators in protective organizations Basrah.his study is depended upon three main hypotheses and sextracted other sub - hypotheses as the researcher used the descriptive manner in the theoretical aspect and statistical analysis in the application one. For this turn , it is developed controlled and tested questionnaire form.the study concluded the importance of organizational climate and its effect in innovation at the protective organization. All the correlations among the dimensions of organization climate and the variable accredited the organziation innovation are an importance and positive correlations. Also, the study recommended on the importance of organization climate and its active role in organization innovation espeially at the protective organizations ( of electric and industry sectors in Basrah).
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ابعاد الجودة في السيطرة على عدوى المستشفيات المكتسبة في عينة من المستشفيات العراقية

اسم المؤلف: خالد كاظم عبد الامير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: ان موضوع البحث (ابعاد الجودة في السيطرة على عدوى المستشفيات المكتسبة لعينة من المستشفيات العراقية) هو اكبر من ان يغنيه بحث او تشبعه رسالة او اطروحة لما يحمل مابين طياته من افاق وابعاد تحتاج الى تظافر جهود العديد من المتخصصين والباحثين في العلوم الطبية وال
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تقويم النظام المحاسبي الموحد في ضوء نظرية المحاسبة والمعايير المحاسبية العراقية الدولية The Evaluation of Unified Accounting System In The Light of Accounting Theory And International And Iraqi Accounting Standards

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عبد الحسين حميد المستوفي
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اسم المشرف: ماهر موسى العبيدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The accounting uniformity concept is not coming from nothing, but it emerges due to requirements resulted by certain conditions and justifications associated with human development movement in economical and social environment. In fact, several professionalorganizations, which have the right to develop accounting, have issued obligated accounting standards. Also, the Arab league and Arabic organization for administrative sciences have adopted trends put unified Arabic proofs for accounting administrative andeconomical systems, in addition, the issue of several of unified accounting systems in some of Arabic and foreign countries.Moreover, United Nations adopted schedules and indications of the national accounts for all countries in the world, {recommendationsand integrated patterns}.The accounting system is considered as a copy of accounting integration pictures because it is determining perfectly and typically all aspects of accounting applications, starting from accounts guide and finishing with preparation of final accounts lists.Iraq is considered one of the countries, which is followed the way of central planning of the economy. This is necessitated the adoption of unified accounting system in order to ensure that the economical unites are followed unified bases in methods of treatingthe presentation and classification of accounting data and ))b(( information. So they will provide a wide fundamental of data and information which serve various needs of the economical unites. Also they provide the economical planning establishments according to their need of data and information through joining the accounts of economical unites with national accounts.The international impacts into the accounting are becoming today direct international challenge to the accountants in most countries of the world. Therefore, a set of international accounting researches appeared which aimed to face the internationalenvironmental changes in all aspects. For this reason, the international accounting is found as accounting field that makes comparisons and classifications for the accounting systems and for the applications at international level. It is also issued a set ofresearches, which help to organize and control international businesses, beside its publication to a group of accounting standards which could be applied internationally as an aim to coordinate the accounting and then unified them internationally.The existence of international accounting rules and standards does not also neglect the importance and necessity of finding and doing national accounting standards, because of the accounting environment difference which is a result of differences ofeconomical, social, political and legislative systems in the different countries. The finding and presenting local accounting standards do not mean necessarily the interaction with international and regional accounting standards but the reality insisted to be both accounting ))c(( standards together into entire completed frame. Accordingly, it is essentially to spend more efforts to take the core transactions which are working to narrow the gaps between world’s countries, and to limit the variety and the differences in accounting standards, methods, and applications within those countries. For raising up the real situation of accounting practices have been used in Iraq as one of the developing countries, also at the same time it is aiming to achieve more progress and luxury. Thisstudy is done to make practical and scientific evaluation for the unified accounting system and to show to which extent this system has been participated in performing the needs of various parties utilized from the information. This evaluation will be done in light of accounting frames and international Iraqi accounting. Thus, to achieve this purpose, the study is divided into five chapters. The first one presents the based methodology and previous studies in two researches. The second chapter is the entry to main subject through its presentation of the accounting uniformity.it has three researches too, the first one is about the experiment of the accounting integration at international level. The second research is on the characteristics and principles of unified accounting system. The third one deals with the coordination of international accounting standards at international level.The third chapter is dealing with the study of the adjustment of the unified accounting system with theoretical frame of the accounting and with international and Iraqi accounting standards.This chapter has also three researches. The first one is about the adjustment of unified accounting system with the theoretical frame of the accounting. The second research is on the experiment of Iraq in making the accounting rules and standards and how these are adjusted with international accounting standards. The third research is on the adjustment of unified accounting system with international accounting standards.The fourth chapter discusses the practical side of evaluating the integrated accounting system in light of accounting theory and international and Iraqi accounting standards by practical study to the academic and professional application, and then analyzing theanswers of the questionnaires with output analysis. This chapter has three researches too. The first one is on the evaluation of adjustment of accounting system in light of the accounting theory.The second is dealing with the evaluation of the unified accounting system in light of Iraqi accounting rules and standards. The third research is discussing the adjustment of unified accounting system in light of the international accounting.The study is ended with the fifth chapter, which is concentrated on demonstrating the important conclusions that the study reached. Thereby the important recommendations and suggestions to which the study reached in order to participate in developing the accounting in Iraq so that it could be in its expected real role.
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دور المنظمات غير الحكومية في تنمية المجتمعات المحلية : دراسة تحليلية لعينة من المنظمات غير الحكومية في محافظة كركوك Role of Non Governmental Organizations In The Development of The Local Communities Analysis Studying For A Sample From The (NGOs) In The Governarate of K

اسم المؤلف: حميد انور احمد العبيدي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: منقذ محمد داغر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة عامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: من المعروف المنظمات غير الحكومية مكونا رئيسا من مكونات التنمية التي تساهم في تعزيز دور الحكومات في هذا المجال، واصبحت هذه المنظمات تمارس ادوارا تتراوح بين تقديم الخدمة الى الدفاع عن حقوق الافراد واستدامة البيئة. استهدفت هذه الدراسة بيان دور المنظمات | The NGO non - governmental organizations represent the main contents of the development in the time where the governments do not play main role in the arena. These organizations play role witch ranges from presenting services to defend the right of individual, and to maintain the environment.One of the objectives of the thesis is to clarify the role of the “NGO” the non - governmental organizations in Karkouk in order to achieve the local development through studying a sample/example of an organization working there. And for achieving the main objectives, the research tried to achieve the subsidiary objectives represented in recognize the characteristics of the Non - Governmental organizations and to know its objectives and its contents and what is concerning its independence.Finally, recognition of the development activities that these organizations are undertaking, and analyzation these organizations for knowing the role they play in the development of the local community in Karkuk.The thesis was generated by the question : do the non - governmental organizations, in Karkuk, play a role in the development of the local communities? Is there an interest in a certain dimension of the local development dimensions (economic, social, political) more than the other dimensions? Is the announced specialization of the organization plays a role in determining the dimension on whish based the local development? The questions of the thesis have been answered and conclusions have been made, which the most important are : there is no balance in the geographic distribution for providing the activities of the non - governmental organizations, for the interest of the city on the count of the countryside; the limitation of the participation of the non governmental organizations in the economic development field while it ontributes highly in the political and social development field. And finally, the majority of the organizations are serving a specific sect.Also, the study made recommendations like : the necessity that the non - governmental organizations take care of the economic filed. And the necessity that the non - governmental organizations get away of the social classes in the field of its work. It is necessary to direct and to highlight the necessity of unifying the direction of registration of the non - governmental organizations.
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تطبيق الخوارزمية الجينية في تنظيم تتابع العملية الصناعية في ورش الانتاج : دراسة حالة

اسم المؤلف: حسن عبد الهادي حسن
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
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تحليل التباين متعدد المتغيرات لتصميم القطع المنشقة - المنشقة Multivariate Analysis of Varaince For Split - Split Plot Design

اسم المؤلف: حسام عبد الرزاق رشيد البكري
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: ظافر حسين رشيد النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: This research work is a study of multivariate analysis of variance model (MANOVA) for the design of split - split plot to a complete randomized block. As it is an important method for determining whether the response variables are influenced with each other or in other words whether the correlation between the variables of a force such that it influence the decision taken concerning the applied hypothesis. When we don’t ignore the relationships which are created between the responses variables lead us to generalize the tests in the univariate analyses about the means of normal population to be changed to tests involving mean vectors responses taken from multivariate normal population. Ignoring the existing relationships between variables lead us to untrue conclusions, so in doing the (MANOVA) gives us a full picture of the experimental factors and their interaction in the experiment as a whole. The concentration on doing the (MANOVA) should not be at the expense of the study of the univariate analysis. So the research work involves the problem of heterogeneous in sub - sub plot variances, which is considered one of the important problems put forward by other researchers which may limit his work in special procedure. We are interested in solving this problem by using a univariate analysis procedure after splitting the error of sub - sub plot and then finding the standard deviation used in comparison testing between about the third factor (c). Then comparing them with the standard deviation used, if we assume the existence of homogeneity in variances of sub - sub plot.
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استخدام اسلوب بيز التجريبي في تقدير معلمات انموذج الانحدار الخطي Using Empirical Bayes Approach For Estimating Parameters In A Linear Regression Model

اسم المؤلف: حازم منصور كوركيس عربو
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: اموري هادي كاظم الحسناوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: The primary purpose of our thesis is to assess the importance of using empirical Bayes approach in regression analysis. At the first some empirical Bayes techniques in point estimation are considered. It is well known that in point estimation with a squared error loss function the Bayes estimator is the posterior mean. In the empirical Bayes approach we must construct a consistent sequence of estimators for this posterior mean using past experience. This construction is done for three general families of distributions. New estimators for the parameters in the simple orthogonal linear regression model are presented using not only the usual random sample of observations but also past experience in the form of previous estimators of parameters in similar but independent situations. The regression parameters are considered to be random variables. Bayes estimators are given for a squared error loss function. Even though the prior density of the parameter is unknown the Bayes estimator can be written in terms of the marginal density of sufficient statistic. This marginal density can be estimated empirically , thus forming the empirical Bayes estimator. Empirical Bayes estimators for the parameters in the general linear regression model are presented. These estimators by pass exact knowledge of the prior distribution of parameters by means of supplementary informations from similar independent experiments. The case in which the error variance is unknown and may vary from one experiment to the next is included. Some basic concepts in shrinkage estimators are introduced. The definition of multicolinearity as the existence of near linear relationships among the independent variables is given. Effects of multicolinearity on estimated regression coefficients are explained. Sources of multicolinearity and methods of detecting multicolinerity are presented. The method of ridge regression is given as one of several methods that have been proposed to remedy multicolinearity problems by modifying the method of least squares to allow biased estimators of the regression coefficients. The technique of ridge regression first proposed by Hoerl and Kennard has become a popular tool for data analysts faced with a high degree of multicolinearity in their data. Ridge solution properties and methods for choosing the ridge parameter are presented. The first method is graphical applied by using graphical display called 'ridge trace' the second method is the iterative method proposed by Hoerl and Kennard. The equivalence of ridge regression estimator with Bayers estimator is proved. Bayesian methods are employed for choosing the ridge parameter. An empirical Bayes estimator of the ridge parameter is presented. An empirical Bayes estimator of the ridge parameter which result in minimax ridge regression estimator under strawderman's loss function (formula 2.81) is also presented. By minimax estimator we mean an estimator which is uniformly better than the least square estimator in terms of risk. In the practical part of the thesis we apply ridge regression analysis to the set of actual data suffer from multicolinearity. Three methods are employed to determine the value of the ridge parameter. Comparisons between the three methods are made on the basis of various statistics that might go into the choice of the ridge parameter. According to these comparisons we conclude that the value of the ridge parameter obtained by using empirical Bayes approach (formula 2.78) is better than the other two methods. Ridge analysis is repeated for another set of experimental data obtained by constraint simulation. The same conclusion is obtained when the dependent variable is any one of the variables Y2 ,..... Y6.
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توظيف نظام دعم القرار الاستراتيجي على وفق مدخل اصحاب المصالح Employing Strategic Decision Support System According To Stakeholder Approach

اسم المؤلف: بكر تركي عبد الامير خضير الحبيب
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: جاسم محمد الذهبي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة عامة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى توظيف تقانة نظم دعم القرار في عملية صنع القرار الاستراتيجي بالاستناد الى مدخل اصحاب المصالح الذي سيمثل القاعدة المعرفية للنظام المصمم. اما الاهداف التي يامل ان تحققها عملية التوظيف : فهي تحسين عملية صنع القرار الاستراتيجي من خلال توفي | This study aims essentially to Employ Decision Support System Technology in strategic decision making according to stakeholder approach which presents knowledge base of the system. Such a system can improve strategic decision making process through providing help to achieve better decisions in environmental conditions where multi - stakeholders play a great role to maintenance their different goals. The importance of study emerges from several aspects : Firstly it focuses on important and newer approach in strategic and organizational thought. Secondly the employed SDSS is truly rare in Arabic studies; furthermore employing process contain using the system in Ministry of Trade and Alrafdain College , This process can be considered an opportunity to investigate feasibility and adoption of Stakeholder Approach in public sector. Employing process depending on available knowledge embedded in Strategic Analysis Models; Support Systems and Information Technology Techniques.The study strives to construct all that in consistent integral synthesis, so the researcher has developed and adapted many tools for achieve an organic integrity of employed system. The process accomplished by using SDSS in analyzing two strategic problems : One of them is restructuring of configurations in Ministry of Trade (public organization ); and the problem of futuristic strategic threats in Alrafdein College(business organization). Study has found that strategic decision support system according to Stakeholder Approach can provide many facilities and advantages to strategic decision makers like : Using strategic analysis tools, adopt systematic logical thinking, and capitalize information technology abilities. Recommendations of study certify of : The importance of designing stakeholder's Information System, The necessity of Information Technology tools by establishment of special Center for DSS Research. Also mangers recognition must be directed towards stakeholders influence on organizational performance and work to integrate their goals in decision making.
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توزيع الارباح وسلامة راس المال على وفق المنظور الفقهي الاسلامي : دراسة حالة في المصرف العراقي الاسلامي - نموذج مقترح

اسم المؤلف: ايمان سعيد عيدي
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اسم المشرف: مكي عبد الكريم عبد الواحد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: This instruction is discuss how division the profits in the islamic bank activities in perservation understood in money capital , and which represented the application student for accounting bases according to the isIamic phiIoIogy , and this the student is includedfive sections as below : 1. first section : include the research procedure.2. second section : discuss the thought developed for accounts ,account concepts , objectives , account , information - character isties properties and system out puts , and deals with the difinitionand discussion in the assumrtions , principles , determinates.3. third section : deals with the acount develope in islamic thought and discussion the assumptions , principle and determinates from the islamic philology.4. fourth section : deals with the account application in islamic iraq bank with suggested sample.5. fifth section : conclusion and advices
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تصميم نظام ترتيب خلوي باستخدام الانسان الالي : دراسة حالة في ورشة التحدي في شركة نصر العامة للصناعات الميكانيكية Cellular System Layout Design Via Industrial Robot Case Study At Al - Tahadi At Al - Nasir The Company of Industrial Mechanicic

اسم المؤلف: الاء طلال ياسين ابراهيم
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: صباح مجيد سعيد النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة صناعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تناولت هذه الدراسة مشكلة اعداد نظام خلايا التصنيع في شركة نصر العامة للصناعات الميكانيكية - ورشة التحدي حيث لوحظ من خلال المعايشة الميدانية في عينة البحث وبمراجعة تقارير الانتاج الشهرية والمعلومات المستنبطة من تقارير المتابعة وبطاقة مسار العمليات للاجزاء | This research deal with the Problem of preparation Manufacturing Cells System at AL - NASIR the company of industrial Mechanic AL - TAHADY job shop. He note during the field research in research Sample and during reviser the Monthly production reports and the information derived from follow up reports and flow process chart for the product part that there is difference in production quantity, batch demand, demand repeatedly on the product part continual and these difference clearly for the same product in the actual total time.In this research the researcher Design a Cellular System and calculate the efficiency of the Design by the efficiency criterion for the Cellular Design. The researcher used one of Mathematical Methods to formula the machine groups and part families for each set of data and at the same time. The researcher adapts Incidence Matrix Aided Computer and Depend on VBA for Excel and Access in Data Base windows Environment, and compares these efficiency criterions with the Global criterion. This research lean on experiment two main hypothesis deal with Cellular layout performance compare with actual layout performance and compare Cellular layout performance with Cellular layout performance using Industrial Robotic in lauding / Unlading Process.The researcher Design Simulation Model to obtain Data to experiment actual performance compare with Cellular layout performance and a Virtual Simulation Model to compare Cellular layout performance with Cellular layout performance using Industrial Robotic in lauding / Unlading Process.This research appeared the below Result : 1 - The Grouping Efficiency and the Grouping Capability Index and Global Efficiency surpass Global criterion which Support Cellular Layout.2 - There is a Difference incorporeal between Cellular layout performances Compare with actual performance. There is a Difference incorporeal between Cellular layout performances Compare with Cellular layout performances using Industrial Robotic in lauding / Unlading Process.3 - The Finance Analysis become courageous to investment the Industrial Robot in the Al - TAHADY.The researcher devise to depend the Cellular layout to solve production problems in AL - TAHADY job shop and to approval the methodology that the researcher use it in Cellular Layout
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مقارنة بين طرائق تحليل وتنبؤ السلاسل الزمنية وتطبيقها على مبيعات الشركة العامة لتوزيع كهرباء بغداد Comparative Studies Among The Methods of Analysis And Forecasting Time Series With Application On Electricity Sales In Baghdad City

اسم المؤلف: اسيل سمير محمد محمود
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: عبد المجيد حمزة الناصر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: يعد التنبؤ بالسلوك المستقبلي للسلاسل الزمنية من الموضوعات الهامة في العلوم الاحصائية، وذلك للحاجة اليه في مجالات الحياة جميعا، مثل التنبؤ بالحالة الجوية ودرجات الحرارة، حالة السوق والاسعار، تدفق المياه، واستهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية. وقد تزايد الاهتم | Forecasting of future behavior of time series is one of the important subjects in statistical science, because of its need in the different fields of life, like forecasting of weather state and air temperature market state and price water flow consumption electrical power, in the recent years there is an increased interesting in forecasting, and some new techniques like Artificial Neural Networks and Fuzzy Trend Sets. These techniques are able for learning and self - adaptation with any model, and don’t need assumption on the natural of time series. On the other side, the classical forecasting methods like Box - Jenkins method, exponential smoothing and adaptive filtering need certain conditions. A condensed study was done to compare between ordinary methods, namely; Box & Jenkins, ES, and Adaptive Filtering with modern methods namely; ANN, and Fuzzy Trend Set, where some new results are obtained and new method was proposed. A raw data electrical power in Baghdad city is used to perform this comparison through the application of the two programs Statistica and Matlab. From the practical application it found that proposed method gives better and more efficient results than others.
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العلاقة بين الترويج الصحي والتسويق الصيدلاني : دراسة ميدانية في الشركة العامة لتسويق الادوية والمستلزمات الطبية

اسم المؤلف: اسماعيل كاظم هادي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: فليح عبد الزهرة الزبيدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الى تقويم النشاط التسويقي في الشركة العامة لتسويق الادوية والمستلزمات الطبية من خلال نشاط الترويج ومدى تحقيقه لاهداف التسويق الصيدلاني.اعتمد الباحث المعايشة الميدانية في موقع الشركة، اذ تم جمع البيانات والمعلومات اللازمة في مكتب الاعلام الدوا
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الائتمان المصرفي بين تحديات المخاطر وسبل المعالجة : دراسة تحليلية للمصارف التجارية الخاصة في العراق

اسم المؤلف: ازهار حسن علي ابونايلة
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: ثريا عبد الرحيم علي الخزرجي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: ن المؤكد ان للائمان المصرفي دورا مهما جدا في دعم عملية التنمية الاقتصادية، بعده وسيط مالي بين المدخرين والمستثمرين، ويعد الدور الكبير للائتمان المصرفي في توجيه النشاط الاقتصادي صوب المشاريع الاستثمارية المهمة ذات الاستغلال الامثل للموارد المتوافرة والد | IT is certain that bank credit has an essential part in supporting the economic development process as a financial intermediary between savers and inverters. Beside the essential role of bank credit in directing the economic activity towards the important investment projects that best make use of available resources and supporting the economic development process, therefore, bank credit represents the economic activity mainstay.Banks are liable to financial and bank risks such as; interest rate risks, exchange rate risks, market risks, rubbery and bankruptcy risks, investment risks, national risks, liquidity risks, inflation risks, globalization risks, and merging risks, In addition to, credit risks. Accordingly, suitable means must be found to overcome these risks. Private Commercial banks in Iraq were allowed to practice their work in 1992 in unnatural conditions such as the embargo, high average of inflation, and changing from of government; so, these banks are liable to many financial and risks besides the influence of general conditions, such as the unstable economic and political condition on these banks.The economic problem of research (bank credit risks and credit problems increase and happen together with the unstable economic and political condition).The study came from a theory has significance (the bank credit process as any financial process is liable to many risks and challenges).The study implies three chapters; each chapter contains three fields of researches, conclusions, and recommendation. The first chapter refers to the bank credit impractical framework. The second chapter refers to bank credit risks between Basel committee decision and bank reform. While the third chapter refers to bank credit analytic study and its risks on private commercial banks in Iraq and their quitted for reform.
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تطبيقات (ISO 9001,CMM,TQM) لقياس جودة الاداء الكلي : دراسة حالة في الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية The Applications of (ISO 9001,CMM,TQM) In Measuring Total Performance Quality Case Study At The General Company For Leather Industries

اسم المؤلف: اخلاص زكي فرج الجبوري
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم ادارة الاعمال
اسم المشرف: صباح مجيد سعيد النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: تتمحور مشكلة البحث بوجود فجوة بين نماذج الجودة ( ISO 9001,CMM, TQM) والبيئة الداخلية للمنظمة وقدراتها ومواردها. ان معظم نماذج الجودة تفترض بانها تقدم افضل الحلول لمشاكل الجودة وهذا ما لم يتم اثباته بشكل قاطع. فضلا عن ذلك فان البحوث الاكاديمية التي اجريت ف | The problem of this research represents in the gap existent among quality models (ISO 9001, TQM, CMM) and the internal and external environment of an organization, it’s abilities and resources, Most quality models assume that they provide the best solution to the quality problems but that wasn’t proved absolutely. In addition, the academic research work conducted in Iraq, since the 1990’s, has only measured the gap between the requirements of ISO 9001 and the current quality system at the researched organizations and has urged the organizations to bridge the gap to achieve the ISO certificate.It is noticeable that all the researches written about quality management systems and environment in Iraq have recommended the ISO as the best alternative in solving quality problems; but at same time the company environment, internal resources, self - ability have been forgotten in these researches. Moreover these researches haven’t mention the test for ability of quality models integration in achieving the organization objectives representing in quality problems solving and improving its total performance.So, this study handled the effect of the integration among (ISO 9001, TQM, CMM) in improving the total performance quality; evaluating the reality of quality in General Company for Leather Industries (GCLI) (research sample) and determining the quality model that corresponds with the sample environment, resources, and needs.The research is trying to achieve a number of aims ,and it is depending on hypothesis, while the required data and information are gathered from the company registers, structural interviews are made by using checklists, personal observation, and reviewing documents to analyze and evaluate quality system. In addition to that the researcher has made a field living to complete some aspects which lack documented data in the company registers to check the correctness answers in the checklists. These lists have shown a fluctuation in the company performance quality and weaknesses in its performance, also the studied effected factors haven’t get high evaluation and this denote that the company is suffering from problems.Questionnaire is used in gathering data and information related to integration in research sample, and many statistical methods are used in handling data which are multiple and simple regression, and path analysis. These methods have come out with many results, the most important of them have shown that total - effect of integration among (ISO 9001, TQM, CMM) in total performance quality is more than the effect of each model alone, it is also shown that the use of ISO 9001 alone is not sufficient for improving the company total performance quality.In discussing the results, the study assured the importance of integration among the models in achieving quality requirements and has recommends the necessity of depending on integration elements in improving the total performance quality of company.
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المقارنة بين بعض طرائق تقدير انموذج انحدار اللوجستك والطرائـق الحصـينـة للتجارب الحياتية ذات الاستجابة الثنائية باستخدام اسلوب المحاكاة Al - Comparison Between Some Estimated Methods of Logistic Regression Models And Robust Methods For The Bioassays of The Quantal Response By Using Simulation Procedure

اسم المؤلف: احمد ذياب احمد العزاوي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: دجلة ابراهيم مهدي العزاوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله سيدنا محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم) وعلى اله وصحبه وسلم اما بعد... تناول البحث استخدام انموذج انحدار اللوجستك في التجارب الحياتية باعتباره موضوعا على قدر من الاهمية , وان هناك شروط يجب ان تتوفر لغرض اجراء التحليل بال | This study deals with using the logistic regression model in the bioassay which is considered an important topic and there must be assumption which should be satisfied in order to carry out analysis in the classical methods ( Weighted least squares method and Maximum likelihood method ) as success normal distribution assumption for errors , when one assumption of normal distribution is fail or outlier in data this lead to taking the fail decision concerning the problem needed so be studied.Here lies the importance of applying robust methods (M method and R method ) in the bioassay of the quantal response because the Robust estimated has little response and little effects of outlier.To state the contents of this thesis it was divided into four chapters. The first chapter included the introduction and the aim of this research work. The second chapter included the theoretical part where we stated the estimated methods for the logistic regression model and the Robust methods. The third chapter went through the practical part of this research work. Finally Chapter four went through the conclusions and recommendations of this research work. As well as the future studies, which have been proposed regarding this research. of the most important results the study reached is the efficient M method and R1 method for two robust in estimator the parameters dose model of the quantal response
الصفحات الاولى:

استخدام البرمجة الديناميكية في ايجاد الاحتمالات الانتقالية للحمض النووي DNA مع تطبيق عملي على البشر والجرذان

اسم المؤلف: ابراهيم زغيتون جلوب الدليمي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاحصاء
اسم المشرف: ضوية سلمان حسن الجنابي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: بحوث العمليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: في هذه الرسالة تم استخدام اساليب رياضية واحصائية هي على وجه الخصوص البرمجة الديناميكية وسلاسل ماركوف المخفية وطريقة الامكان الاعظم في التقدير لغرض تحليل السلسلة الجينية لهرمون الانسولين لكل من الانسان والجرذ حيث تم حساب الاحتمالات الانتقالية من الرتب العل
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم سياسة سعر الصرف في العراق للمدة 1951 - 2000 Exchange Rate Policy Evaluation In Iraq Through The Period (1951 - 2000)

اسم المؤلف: شيماء رشيد محيسن العابدي
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم الاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جليل عبد الحسن الغالبي حنان عبد الخضر هاشم الغالبي الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: النجف
المستخلص: The exchange matter attracts the researcher’s interest in all the international economice relations fields , specially after the development of the relations between all over the world , so any country trying to select an exchange system must take care of specific factors , these factors results from special properties of the country’s economy , which are related to economic structure and the nature of the conditions that surround it locally and internationally , so take Iraq as an example to study the economic developments which take place in the different periods of history and cause its currency to crash down.Significance of the study This subject constitutes the central interest for the economists and the most important thing, for researchers nowadays so we concentrate on it in detail to serve Iraqi economy in general and Iraqi economic leader ship in particular. Study problem The study is set fourth to study the problems of economic leadership exactly in choosing the perfect exchange system for Iraqi dinar in all particular periods , in which the Iraqi economy faced the stable and unstable conditions effected on its value Study objectiveThe present study focus on following goals : 1 - To study the Iraqi dinar exchange rate for the period ( 1931 - 2002) 2 - To select the Iraqi dinar most acceptable exchange system in stable conditions. 3 - To select the Iraqi dinar most acceptable exchange system in unstable conditions. 4 - To establish the most admitted exchange system through the period (1931 - 2002)5 - To suggest the expected exchange system to harmonize with Iraqi dinar in the next period Organization of the study trying to get an exact results I divide the study into three chapters , the first chapter is the intellectual and conceptional framework for the exchange rate subject ,included three topics the first is to discuss the exchange rate concepts and systems , the second is to discuss the foreign exchange market and the definition of exchange rate ,the elements effected on it.the third is to demonstrate the theory of exchange rate , the second chapter deals with the basis of choosing exchange systems, It is divided into two subjects the first clarifies the (exchange system choice limitation factors) in stable conditions ,the second clarifies exchange system choice in unstable conditions (shocks) , The third chapter demonstrates the exchange rate policy in Iraq, It is divided into two subjects , the first deals with the Iraqi exchange rate development since the year 1921 , the second is explain the most agreeable system for exchange in Iraq.In addition to scientific systematic requirements for butter results and conclusions.
الصفحات الاولى:

التضاد في اللغتين الروسية والعربية

اسم المؤلف: علي راضي مشجل الشمري
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية اللغات
الموضوع العام: اللغات الاجنبية
الموضوع الدقيق: الروسية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الروسية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

النون في اللغات السامية : دراسة سامية مقارنة The " Noon" In The Semitic Languages : A Comparitive Semitic Study

اسم المؤلف: بلال خاشع عبد الفتاح العاني
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية اللغات
الموضوع العام: اللغات الاجنبية
الموضوع الدقيق: العبرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

الكلمات الروسية ذوات اللاحقة

اسم المؤلف: فاضل عباس شلال الدليمي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية اللغات
الموضوع العام: اللغات الاجنبية
الموضوع الدقيق: الروسية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الروسية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

الرمز والاسطورة في الشعر العبري الحديث والمعاصر : نماذج ومختارات

اسم المؤلف: ازهر كريم حميد العبيدي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية اللغات
الموضوع العام: اللغات الاجنبية
الموضوع الدقيق: العبرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العبرية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

اليهود بين النصوص المسمارية واسفار العهد القديم : دراسة مقارنة

اسم المؤلف: نهاد حسن حجي الشمري
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية اللغات
اسم المشرف: خالد اسماعيل علي
الموضوع العام: اللغات الاجنبية
الموضوع الدقيق: اللغات السامية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العبرية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

الخصوصية الدلالية والتكافؤ الترجمي

اسم المؤلف: عماد اسماعيل غانم
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية اللغات
الموضوع العام: اللغات الاجنبية
الموضوع الدقيق: الروسية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الروسية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر عرض البوستر في الاداء الشفوي لطلبة الجامعة العراقيين دارسي اللغة الانجليزية لغة اجنبية The Effect Of Poster Presentation On Iraqi EFL University Students' Oral Performance

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: حسين كمر كرم
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية التربية ابن رشد للعلوم الانسانية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: فاتن خيري محمد سعيد الرفاعي
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس اللغة الانكليزية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
المستخلص: عرض البوستر هو : تقنية ووسيلة بسيطة، من السهل استعمالها، وفهمها واستيعابها. اذ انها وسيلة ممتعة في تدريس مادة المحادثة وهو خليط بين البحث الورقي والعرض الشفوي. فالبوستر هو وسيلة يمكن استعمالها ؛ لايصال الفكرة الاساسية المتعلقة بالبحث او الدرس. ويع | Poster presentation is a simple media, which is easy to be used, understood, and comprehended. It is an interesting media in teaching speaking. It is hybrid between a research paper and an oral presentation. It is visual medium that is used to communicate a key idea related to research. It presents an idea in verbal and graphic ways and a dynamic way to share information in a social context with conference delegates.It combines text, graphs, tables, photos, charts, titles, and brief textual summaries of research information to present work in a way that is visually interesting, accessible, and clarity of content. It allows displaying work to a large group and to talk to and receive feedback from in interest audiences.The study aims at finding out the effect of poster presentation on Iraqi EFL University students' oral performance. It is hypothesized that there are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group which is taught according to poster presentation technique and that of the control group which is taught according to the currently used technique in their oral performance.The procedures undertaken in the present study include choosing a pre - post control group design; selecting a representative sample which has been divided into two groups experimental and control; constructing an oral post test, and securing its validity, reliability and practicality; applying the classroom students - made poster presentation technique on the experimental group, while the control group has been taught conversation by the currently used technique; administering the post test to both groups at the end of the experimental work; collecting , computing and analyzing data by using suitable statistical tools; and The sample of the present study consists of 101 students from the Department of English Language at the College of Education/ Wasit University during the academic year 2014 - 2015. The sample has been distributed into an experimental group of 48 students and a control group of 53 students. Both groups have been equalized in some variables, namely age, gender, parents’ level of education, and the pre test.A post test has been designed and exposed to a jury of experts for the purpose of ascertaining its face validity, while reliability has been ensured by using Person Correlation Formula. Data has been analyzed by using the two independent samples t - test. Results show that there are statistically significant differences between the two groups in their mean score in favor of the experimental group which has been taught by poster presentation. The students of the experimental group are better than those of the control one in their oral performance. This indicates that teaching conversation by using the poster presentation technique is more effective than teaching by the currently used technique method. Based on the present study results, suitable conclusions, recommendations, and several suggestions for further research have been put forward.
الصفحات الاولى:

تقويم منهج مادة الرسم المدني للمرحلة الثانية في اقسام التقنيات المدنية في معاهد التعليم التقني في جمهورية العراق من وجهة نظر الطلبة Evaluation The Curricula Of Civil Drawing For Second Stage Of Civil Technical Department Of Iraqi Technical Institutes In Regards Of Students Views

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: خالد طاهر حبيب الخرسان
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: تحسين فالح مبارك الكيم قحطان عدنان عبد القادر
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس التقنيات المدنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

بناء انموذج لتقويم منهج مادة التاريخ في معاهد اعداد المعلمين والمعلمات في العراق Constructing A Model For Evaluating The History Subject Curriculum Of The Teacher Training Institutions In Iraq

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: يسرى كريم هاشم النوري
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية الاساسية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: سعيد جاسم علي الاسدي سليم حسين ياسين
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس العلوم الاجتماعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Education is the central corner for developing any society. It ·reflects its nature, philosophy, and hopes. It is also the means of : its existence and development.The society build the schools to achieve the educational aims. The school with its teachers and curriculums can achieve the aims. The teacher plays a great role in the educational process. So the programs of developing the teaching process as a means todevelop the teacher himself show take a considerable attention. Cuniculums of the teachers training institutions play a grate role in graduating the future teachers.It is very important to assess the curriculums of history subject in these institutions (the ai1ns, content, methods of teaching, audio - visual aids other activities) to diagnose the weak and strong points.The importance of this thesis stems from the history subject itself because it illustrates the values for the society and the students.Aims of the study : The study aims at constructing a sample for assessment, of the history curriculum of the teacher training institutions in Iraq, fromdifferent sides : 1 - The aims2 - The content3 - Methodology4 - Audio - visual aids5 - The accompanied activaties Assessment To achieve the aims of this study, the researcher followed the ·following process : 1. Consulting the theoretical parts that are related to the construction of the curriculums and their assessment.2. Consulting some Arabic and foreign previous studies on assessment.The subject of the sample was (50) persons, some of them were the teachers who teach the history and the anthers are the educational supervisors of history. The researcher arise at (149) items which are distributed aver six fields of the sample.To achieve the face validity, the ite1ns are exposed to (20) experts. The agree1nent percentage was (80%). Some changes are done according to the experts' advice then the number of the items becomes ( 119). Then these items are exposed again to ( 15)experis to be put in their final form. The researcher gets a sample for history curriculum assessmentwhich contains ( 119) items as follows : I. The field of history aims (20) items.2. The field of the content ( 18) items.3. The field of audio - visual aids (21) items.4. The field of the accompanied activities (21) items.5. The field ofmethodology (19) items.6. The field of assessment (20) items.According to the obtained results, there 1s a number o conclusions : The six field of the sample fro ms a unified system. No fi ld can assess the curriculum separately.2 - The ideas of the experts are almost similar as far as e assessment of the items are concerned according to Delp tours.The researcher recommends that the sample should be used in diagnosing the weak and strong points in teaching history. e researcher recommends also the following : 1 - The sample should be used in as applied study.2 - To construct a san1ple of curriculum assessment for teachi g history in the teacher's training institutions/ the specializ d stage.To conduct a sitnilar study foe assessing the other curricul m that are taught in teacher training institutions.
الصفحات الاولى:

تصميم اداة لتقويم منهج مادة المكائن الكهربائية لطلبة المرحلة الثانية في قسم التقنيات الكهربائية في المعاهد التقنية : بناء وتطبيق Dsign A Mode For Evaluation An Too/For Electrical Machines Syllabus To The 2Nd Year Students In The Electrical Technical Department Of The Technical

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: شاكر بناي البصيري
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: عياد اسماعيل صالح السامرائي خالد ابراهيم عجيل
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس التقنيات الكهربائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تقويم منهج تعليم اللغة الانكليزية للصف الخامس الابتدائي سلسلة الرافدين RECI من وجهة نظر المعلمين Evaluating Rafidain English Course For Iraq ( RECI ) From English Teachers' Point Of View

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: نادية داود سلمان الشعبان
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: بتول غالي الناهي سلمان داود سلمان
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس اللغة الانكليزية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Teaching English as a foreign language ( henceforth TEEL ) is one of the important topics of the school syllabus. Being aware of the new educational developments abroad , the Iraqi educationalists made their attempt to introduce the communicative approach to TEEL classes in Iraq starting with Book I as early as the fifth - year stage of the primary school. Hence , this study aims at evaluating this attempt to show the point of strength and weaknesses of Rafidain English Course for Iraq ( RECI ).Aims of study This study aims at the following : 1 - Constructing a tool for evaluating RECI including the objectives , Content , Methods of teaching , Evaluation , teaching aids and technicalities of the textbook.2 - Applying this tool to show the points of strength and weakness in RECI according to the viewpoints of the RECI teachers. 3 - Identifying the statistically significant differences m the teachers' responses with reference to the variable of experience.Limits of study. The sample of this study is a number of REC! teachers m the governorate Basrah during the academic year ( 2004 - 2005 ). Procedures f study.To carry out the aims of this study, the research worker has constructeda tool of measurement and made many steps as follows : a - A questionnaire has been distributed to arrive the field of the RECI according to the viewpoints of supemisors and specialists of syllabus writing and methods of teaching. The responses of those concerned with the subject under investigation the following fields have been chosen : Objective Methods of teaching, Content. Teaching aids, Accompanying activities, Evaluation, and Technicalities of Textbook writing. b - In the light of the relevant literature , 180 items have been written and distributed over the seven fields mentioned in (a) above.c - The items have been shown to a number of specialists in education , psychology , Counseling , Guidance , and Methods of Teaching English. Three items have been deleted as a result of this step.d - A five - point scale has been development for the pilot study which has \ covered 400 teachers of the both sexes. 108 responses have been found to be worth statistical analysis making use of the mean and standard deviation to arrive at the power of discrimination for each test item with reference to the upper 108 items and lower 108 ones after deleting 21 item which were a failure. Hence , the total number of items under investigation has been limited to 157.100 teachers of both sexes have been given the questionnaire to judge the content validity of the items by applying Pearson's correlation oefficient. Here seven items were deleted technically.f. The 150 - item questionnaire was applied again by giving it to 50 t chers of both sexes a fortnight later. Comparing both responses , the e~earcher arrived at the reliability of 0.928.01 arrive at the second aim , this 150 - item questionnaire was given to 216 a¢hers of both sexes to calculate the item relative significance by applying t 1 : orrect mean and percent weight.By applying Qui Square technique the researcher has proved that there astatistically significant difference between the responses of the two groups of teachers ; namely , those of more experience and those of less experience.The difference is in favour of the former group.In the light of the conclusions arrived at above , the research worker Irecommends the following : 1 - The teaching of REC! should be a task of those graduates of teachers Training Institutes or Colleges of Teachers. 2 - Teachers' awareness of the necessity of covering all the units should be increased though frequent discussion sessions and seminars to prepare learners for the next educational stage.3 - Supervisors and other specialists should attend training courses aboard. 4 - Training teachers of English continuously to master new technicalities such the computer and modern audio - visual aids.5 - Providing sclmol teachers with all basic audio - visual aids. 6 - Encouraging school teachers to have competitions and workshops to transfer the effect of training to wider social situations outside school environment.
الصفحات الاولى:

بناء مقياس للوعي البيئي عند تلاميذ الصف السادي الابتدائي Constructing A Scale For The Measurement Of Environmental Awareness In Sixth - Year Elementary School Pupils

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: سيتا ارام كيورك كرابينيان
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: نبيل محمد علي العبيدي فاضل عبد الزهرة مزعل
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The present study aims at constructing a valid and reliable scale for 'the measurement of sixth - year elementary school pupils' environmental i awareness. The study is limited to sixth year elementary school pupils both males and females in the province of Basrah. The scale was constructed according to Likeli's method because it gives different I alternatives to pupils so they can choose the most suitable one. In constructing the preliminary version of the scale, the researcher has conducted a questionnaire which was distributed among 80 pupils. Forty males and 40 females of the sixth elementary grade. They were from four schools; two for boys and two for girls. The researcher has obtained some items according to the responses of those pupils. Other items were added according to the review of literature. In addition to the textbook of the sixth elementary grade. The researcher, accordingly, has obtained 87 items which were stated by using suitable and simple words and phrases that fit the status of the pupils. The answer to the items is by choosing yes or no.The face validity of the scale was achieved by giving the scale to 13 referees specialized in education, psychology and other disciplines. After considering their comments in about 75% and more, 38 items were excluded while 49 remained for the agreement of those referees on them. After some modifications like blending and changing, the final result was 52 items.Then, the items were given to a language advisor to make sure of their grammaticality. In order to make sure of the instructions for the responses, the scale was administered to a random sample of 80 pupils of both sexes. lt ''as found that all the items were clear to them. The scale then was administered to a random sample of 445 pupils who represent the subjects of the study to check the distinguishing power of the items. Forty - five answer sheets were excluded because the responses were not complete. That's \vhy only 400 sheets were subjecJed to statistical analysis. The scores were arranged from the highest score to the lowest. 27% of the highest scores and 27% of the lowest scores were tested. The scores of the highest group were between 51 and 52. The scores of the lowest group were between 7 and 43. The t - test was used to measure the significant difference between the two groups. The SPSS was used. The items were measured at a level of significance which is 0.05. The t value of the items of the scale was between 3.483 and 13.395 and they are all higher than the t critical value which is 1.99 at a degree of freedom 107 and a level of significance 0.05.Thus, the scale still consists of 52 items.The reliability of the scale was measured by the test and retes~ technique. It was given to a sample of 40 male and female pupils of th sixth grade elementary school in the centre of Basrash. After 14 days, the.scale was given to the same sample and the reliability value was 0.603 which a suitable reliability value. When counting the standard error of the scale, it was found 0.120 that is a marginal one because of the reliable value of the scale.The study has arrived at constructing a scale for the measurement of the environmental awareness in sixth - year elementary school pupils according Likert's method. This scale is valid and reliable. It consists of 52 items which are answered by either yes or no. One core goes to the answer by yes and nil goes to the answer by no. The final score represents the total of the alternatives of all the items. The researcher has arrived at certain recommendations and suggestions. The result of the study could be useful for the treatment of the environmental problems and the interest in the environmental issues. Environmental education should be added to the items of the curriculum of all the stages. Environment societies and associations should be established. The scale could be applied to the same grade of students but in other different areas of the country. Other scales should be constructed to other grades all over the country.
الصفحات الاولى:

اهمية التدريبات اللغوية واثرها في تدريس قواعد اللغة العربية في المرحلة الابتدائية Significance Of Language Drills And Their Effect In Teaching Arabic Grammar At The Primary Stage

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: صباح عبد الكريم مهدي الباهلي
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: سعيد جاسم علي الاسدي فاخر هاشم الياسري
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: طرائق تدريس اللغة العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Teaching Arabic grammar is a source of an educational problem for it is a common claim that learners at all levels have not developed grammatical skills that that can be of good help to them in their speech and writing. Moreover, certain learners have even hated Arabic as a school subject due to the difficulties that face them while studying Arabic grammar.It is hypothesized that grammatical problems can be overcome through conducting more and more well - planned practical drills that should be paid their due attention on the part of teachers of Arabic. Though the primary school syllabus introduces Arabic grammar in the second half of the primary stage, there is still certain need to improve these drill to make them match with educational classroom conditions to lead to a better understanding of Arabic grammar.The research worker tries to answer these questions 1n relation to the problem of the present study.1 - What is the significance of language drills in teaching Arabic grammar?2 - What are the pros and cons of the language drills available in the present syllabus of the primary stage?3 - Is there any effect of these drills included in the books of the stage mentioned above on the learning and teaching Arabic grammar? This study aims at identifying the following : I - The significance of language drills in relation to teaching Arabic grammar at the primary educational stage.2 - Positive and negative aspects of the language drills included in primary school books.3 - The effect of language drills on the achievement of primary school children of the last three school years in Arabic grammar.Limits of Study1 - The first sample is limited to 120 male and female primary school teachers of Arabic who teach fourth, fifth and sixth - year classes.2 - The second sample consists of 218 male and female primary school children from the fourth, fifth and sixthyear classes.3 - The third sample consists of 30 primary schools for boys and primary schools for girls.4 - The spatial domain is the centre of the govemorate of Bas rah.5 - The temporal domain is the second tenn of the school year 2003 - 2004.6 - Certain topics are selected from the prescribed Arabic grammar book (Edition No.14) taught to fifth - year learners. These topics are subject, predicate, defective verbs, semi - verb particles, dual forms of noun, and regular plural forms for males. A) 1. All samples have been chosen at random. 2.158 subjects are schoolchildren taken from both Shaheed Mohammad Bakir Al - Sadr Primary School for Boys and Basra Primary School for Girls. Other 60 subjects have been taken from both Zahawi Primary School for Boys and Zaytooneh Primary School for Girls.(B) Two types of data collection have been used here. They are a questionnaire and an achievement test.The sample of school children has been divided. into two groups : a ( C ) control group of 78 subjects and an experimental group of 80 subjects. The latter group has been taught using training drills whereas the former one has been the same material but without any training drills. Statistical procedures followed in this study are five : 1. Percentage factor.2. Pearson's correlation coefficient.3. Item power discrimination.4. Item difficulty formula.5. At - test for two independent samplesTraining drills have been proved to be of statisticalsignificance for the following reasons : a - They make Arabic grammar more comprehensible.b - They help learners memorize grammatical rules and increase their linguistic knowledge.c - They can serve as a means by which teachers point out the points of weakness and difficulties face their pupils.2. The scores obtained from the achievement test have shown that training drills have a positive effect to the extent that the achievement of the experimental group has been statistically more significant. This effect has been almost the same on subjects of both sexes
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تقويم التربية العلمية لطلبة معاهد اعداد المعلمين والمعلمات

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: نضال عيسى عبد المظفر
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: سعيد جاسم علي الاسدي مها حسين يوسف السالم
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2005
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The scientific education it is the main operator to whom testing with successful the Institute in setting teacher, in spit of important of scienti fie education with general and viewing in special case to selling teacher, we need to research from this type in this time , e need to guide to make a vision to student and supporting truce to student in training work : So the research take the following objects : I - Know view items to whom take i• - the teachers in teachers institute 2 - Know view items to whom take it students the final classes in institute of teachers3 - Evaluation of view on questioners filed that special with teachers4 - Know on application items to whom interest students of the final class5 - Know on application items to whom interest students in final classes6 - Evaluation.application in questioners filed special in teachers Basic sample contains ( 40) teachers in final classes to this institute with rate ( I 0.09 % ), we need to put two questioners for training education for students of the final classes, second application questioners that special with same of sample.Research of faithful questioners, and prove test that special with teachers ( 0.93 ) and questioners of view that special with students (0.85) , with teachers ( 0.89 ) , with students ( 0.69 ).And using in operating setting research tool in analysis of results that it is : Percent rate, medium, standard deviation, Kronbakh equation, T - test, probable medium, weight percentage. And be summary of important results lo whom arriving research as follow : - Result of special view of questioners with teachers : so that kind was proved of two items (teachers have a god personality) and (urging students about follow subject study) and this case be found in probable medium ( 2.75 ) and percentage weight ( 91.666 ) so was paved the first rank.Meanwhile item occL~~; : ~~ TV films record about modules teaching in subject (1liat\ii;,i;lt')"spe 'i I student), last rank in questioners with probable rnediunl( k : 4~i\·J", we·' 1t percentage ( 47.5 ).Secon The result that\spe~,~~l - i"~t / teaching : this item ( acq11ired the confidence lo damag1'l;,'1J¢ft· to whom being in application ) and this is foutid in objective view , ability medium ( 2.266), percentage weight ( 95.555).Meanwhile another item ( view of Tv. Films record about modules study in subject (material) student materials ) and this is found in substitute style to view in last rank with ability medium ( 0.775 ) , percentage weight ( 25.833 ).Third : The result of questioners view to samples teachers and students of final classes. I - There is difference statistics between teachers responsibilities about teaching of final classes in teachers institute in objective filed, but did not found any differences between this objectives in view of student and study subject and substitute style to view and result of view in questioners.2 - There is differences with statistical reference between students in view operating of student of teachers institute in objective filed, meanwhile did not found any differences between it.Fourth : Result of questioners of application that special with teachers : - This item (Writing name of subjects and date on blackboard) and this is located in introduction of study , ability medium ( 4.35 ) and percentage weight ( 87.00).Either item ( care with opinions of students) and located in special filed to whom characterized the ~tudent, items ( testing students with replay about questioners in summary ) and ( with kind from tesLing to know properties student and kind of supporting that introduced to it) and ( linking questions with object study ) , all of it be located in summary operation , and this is found in last rank in questioners with same ability medium ( 3.275 ) and percentage weight ( 65.5 ).Fifth : Result of questioners applicants that special with students : - This item (kept on common system inside of class) and be locate and administrate class with ability medium ( 4.841 ) and weight ( 96.833 ).ln same time be item ( make student duties to sol some examinations inside of class ) and be locate in files of summary operation with ability medium ( 3.841 ) and percentage weight ( 76.833 ).Sixth : Result of questioners applicants to samples teachers and students of final classes.] - did not found any differences bet.veen teachers in operating application to students institute for teaching in differences of questioners that special with it.2 - the is differences statistical between student of final classes in !'perating appljcants in objects and properties to whom describe student. Thus basing to result to whom reaching the following item contain recommendation : - 1 - Ministry of education ( Guide ) to declare all things that limit in it the ill" charge of administration institute and student that applicant and teachers I supervisor.2 - Necessary to increase questioners to show and applicant that build under want.3 - Administration of institute must be make it special care with using questioners that and applicant from results.4 - Necessary of summary the step through teaching in practical applicants.Also suggestions be contain in other studies : I - Performance study to declare view point of scholar administration and teaching establishment in primary schools.2 - Performance practical study to teaching method on student of teaching institute to know of practical operating.3 - Perfonnance study compare between programs of education operating.
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