اسم المؤلف:
غيث مجيد صاحب
اسم المشرف:
ندى خليفة محمد علي الركابي
المستخلص:
The management of municipal solid waste needs a comprehensive strategy involving public sector organizations and private sector with all kinds and local groups and all parties that related to the protection of the environment, and the process of sustainability in solid waste disposal has an environmental and economic significance when the mechanisms and means ensuring the success of this process are available, the method of solid waste disposal has great demand in developed countries currently. therefore, the management of municipal solid waste is treatment of organic, inorganic, dangerous solid waste, dispose of it with safe and proper methods as the city of Karbala suffers as most of the rest of the cities of our country from lack of municipal solid waste management and failure to follow the methods of modern planning, thereby, there is a clear imbalance in the work of government departments and institutions concerned involved in the collection and disposal of it. And we will try through this research which entitles "Solid Waste Management" to discuss thoroughly the concept of solid waste and it's classified, properties and components, also the concept of management of municipal solid waste was highly discussed and recognition on the bases of waste management and integrated environmental management system of solid waste from the process of collection, transport, final disposal, and then identify the principles of sustainability by displaying the most important techniques used in the disposal of solid waste, also a study of environmental awareness and the concept of environmental education have been addressed then displayed some local and Arabic experiences applied to the waste management system and the principles of sustainability. Then touched on the holy city of Karbala by studying the reality of the disposal of municipal solid waste in the city (study case) generally, and two residential localities (306 & 402) have been studied as selected localities because of the variation in the population densitybetween them and the difference in the cultural and living level as well to questionnaire the views of those who dwell and to find out the degree of satisfaction by distributing the questionnaire. Also descriptive and analytical approach has been used to questionnaire the views of those who dwell in the studied localities, the study has concluded that the variation of capita's portion in waste production between the locality and the other, for example, in locality(402) per capita has (1,25 - 1)kg but in the locality (306) has reached (1 - 0,8)kg, also it is turned out that there is an obvious contrast in providing municipal services between the locality and other because of the lack of clear scientific method or certain standard that enables the concerned authorities in achieving justice in the provision of municipal services to the localities and neighborhoods of the city.The study came out to a set of conclusions and recommendations related to the aim of the study conclusion.1. The solid waste components in the city of Karbala are recyclable and reusable materials as it is consists of (food waste - 64,5),(Plastic - 6,33),(Mines - 8,40),(Leather and skins - 2,50) (Tissues - 2,50),(Papers 1,50), (wood 3,00), (classes 3,50), (ether materials 4,77).2. There is no transformative station for the waste in the study area where solid waste is collected and transported to the deface location.3. Landfill location that exists in the study area not conforming the environmental and planning criteria Stipulated by environmental legislation specialized with landfill locations.4. Conversion of abandoned spaces Within residential neighborhoods To locations for waste disposal randomlyFor The most important recommendations1. Build an integrated system for the management of solid waste in accordance with the proper environmental planning is based on a schematic legal approach according to the scientific method and must have a high efficiency to counter the increase of waste for the coming years.2. Apply the environmental standards and legislation for solid waste by imposing sanctions and financial penalties and impose strict laws on the one who throw the waste randomly.3. Establish transformative plants and selecting suitable locations to it according to the scientific schematic criteria.4. Created a healthy deface location identical to the determinants and environmental requirements.5. Contracting with private sector companies for the purpose of establishing, sorting and recycling factory to take advantage of recyclable materials that waste Contains.
