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الصورة البكتيرية والنسيجية المرافقة لالتهاب اللوزتين المزمن والادينويد عند الاطفال == Bacteriological And Histopathological Profile Associated With Chronic Tonsillitis And Adenoid Hypertrophy In Children

اسم المؤلف: رشا محسن كاظم الحسيني

اسم المشرف: حبيب صاحب نهر | صفاء حسين الطريحي

الموضوع العام: الطب

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الطب - قسم الاحياء المجهرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: This study aimed to investigate the bacterial profile of surface and core of infected tonsils and adenoid tissues and histopathological examination of these organs.A total of 122 samples represented by 63 excised tonsils and 59 excised adenoids in addition to 57 blood samples were collected from 70 patients who were referred to Hilla Teaching Hospital (Ear, Nose and Throat unit) in Hilla city within a period of four months from November 2015 to February 2016. Those patients weresuffering from chronic tonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy. The ages of those patients ranged from 2 to 15 years, 41 (59%) of them were males and 29 (41%) were females.The study included three main parts. The first one was the bacterial diagnosis based on relied diagnostic procedures. Second part was the detection of antistreptolysin O (ASO) by using latex agglutination test, while the third part included histopathological study to detect the pathological lesions that occur during these infections.The results indicated that, the most age group being susceptible for chronic tonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy was the group of 7 - 10 years, represented 33 patients with a percentage of (47%). Among this group, males were more susceptible with percentage of 20 (29%) compared to female patients13 (19%).The surface of all samples (tonsil and adenoid) revealed positive results for bacterial culture, while in the core of tonsil only 44 samples (70%) were positive for bacterial culture while 19 samples (30%) were negative results (no growth). As in tonsils, the core of adenoid revealed positive results in 32 (54%) samples, while 27 (46%) samples were negative results.The suspected isolates were fully identified by using bacteriological, biochemical and Vitek 2 techniques (for two isolates because of those isolates give variable biochemical test results which confused their diagnosis that lead to using of vitek system technique to diagnosis them, these isolates were rare bacteria that infect tonsil and adenoid). The most common types of bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus which accounted for 75 isolates (23.6%), followed by Streptococcus pyogenes 61isolates (19%), Escherichia coli 57 isolates (18%), Klebsiellae pneumoniae 55 isolates (17.3%), Hemophilus influenza 37 isolates (11.6%), Sphingomonas paucimobilis 14 isolates (4.4%), Staphylococcus epidermides 7 isolates (2.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosae 6 isolates (2%), Pseudomonas stutzeri 5 isolates (1.6%), and Staphylococcus saprophyticus only one isolate (0.3%).Regarding the bacterial population, there is a difference between tonsils / adenoid surface and tonsil/ adenoid core culture were the most predominant isolate from tonsil surface was Staphylococcus aureus and K. pneumoniae from tonsillar core, while from adenoid surface was Streptococcus pyogenes whereas E. coli from adenoid core.The ASO titer in patients with or without group A streptococcal infections were determined by using latex agglutination test. The results revealed that 8 samples (14%) exhibited positive results, while 49 samples (86%) exhibited negative results out of 57 samples. The results showed statistically no significant differences between patient age groups but showed highly significant differences between males and females.Eight specimens were taking for histopathological examination randomly, four samples were adenoids and four samples were tonsils. The histopathology examination of tonsil and adenoid showed the presence of lymphoid hyperplasia,multiple lymphoid follicles, vascular congestion, fibrosis, germinal centers, infiltration of inflammatory cells, necrosis and apoptosis of tissues

تقييم المؤشرات السريرية وبعض الدلائل الحيوية في مرض دواعم الاسنان == Evaluation Of Clinical Parameters And Some Biomarkers In Periodontal Disease

اسم المؤلف: امل عليوي حسن

اسم المشرف: سعد مرزة حسين الاعرجي | وسام وهاب الحمادي

الموضوع العام: الطب

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الفسلجة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الطب - قسم الفسلجة والفيزياء الطبية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: امراض دواعم الاسنان هي مجموعة من امراض الالتهابات التي تصيب التجويف الفموي وتعرض الهياكل الداعمة للاسنان للخطر. تحدث هذه الامراض بسبب عدم التوازن بين الجراثيم المحيطة بالاسنان واستجابة المضيف. يعتبر مرض التهاب اللثة ومرض النساغ المزمن هي من الاقسام الرئيس | Periodontal diseases are a group of inflammatory diseases that affect the oral cavity and jeopardize the supporting structures of teeth. They are caused by an imbalance between periodontal pathogens and host responses. Gingivitis and chronic periodontitis are the major categories of these diseases. The study sample consisted of 80 individual of both genders, their age ranged from 30 to 50 years, and they are divided into three main groups according to the clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing index, probing pocket depth index and clinical attachment level index). Group ? comprised from 24 (15 female and 9 male) healthy gingival volunteers as a control, group ?? comprised from of 29 (12 female and 17 male) patients with gingivitis, lastly group ??? comprised from 27 (11 female and 16 male) patients with chronic periodontitis. Unstimulated whole saliva samples are collected to determine the levels of Prostaglandin E2, Matrix Metalloprotinase - 8 and Alkaline Phosphatase. Clinical periodontal parameters are recorded at four sites per tooth. The results of present study revealed a highly significant difference (P - value < 0.01) in the mean ± SD for all of clinical periodontal parameters and for the levels of salivary biomarkers (Prostaglandin E2, Matrix Metalloproteinasee - 8 and Alkaline Phosphatase) among chronic periodontitis, gingivitis and control groups. The chronic periodontitis group revealed the higher mean value followed by the gingivitis group and the control group presented the least value. Regarding the correlation between the salivary biomarkers levels and clinical periodontal parameters, the present study showed a significant positive correlation (P< 0.05) and a highly significant positive correlation (P - value < 0.01) between each of salivary biomarker levels and all of clinical periodontal parameters. In addition, this study showed a highly significant positive correlation (P - value < 0.01) between Prostaglandin E2 and Matrix Metalloproteinasee - 8 and a significant positive correlation (P< 0.05) between Prostaglandin E2 and Alkaline Phosphatase and between Matrix Metalloproteinasee - 8 and Alkaline Phosphatase for gingivitis and chronic periodontitis groups. The present study re - emphasized the importance of whole saliva as sampling method in relations of immunological purposes in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis and proposed that the elevated levels of Prostaglandin E2, Matrix Metalloproteinasee - 8 and Alkaline Phosphatase may be one of the host - response mechanisms connect with the clinical appearances of periodontal diseases. Salivary Prostaglandin E2, Matrix Metalloproteinasee - 8 and Alkaline Phosphatase levels may reflected the severity of disease, thus help in the early detection of the disease.

تاثير احمرار الدم الثانوي الدم على وظيفة بطانة الاوعية الدموية الجهازية في محافظة بابل == Effect Of Secondary Polycythemia On Systemic Endothelial Function In Babylon Province

اسم المؤلف: احمد محي الدين سهراب

اسم المشرف: غافل صيهود حسن الشجيري | عامر صاحب المؤمن

الموضوع العام: الطب

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الفسلجة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الطب - قسم الفسلجة والفيزياء الطبية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تغير قطر الشريان العضدي كاستجابة الى الاحتقان , يستعمل بصورة واسعة لتقيم وظيفة بطانة الاوعية الدموية الجهازية بواسطة تسجيل التغير كاستجابة للاحتقان. ضعف او قلة التوسع يلاحظ بصورة واضحة لدى المرضى المصابون باحمرار الدم الثانوي.التوسع المحدث بالمد يقاس كن | Brachial artery diameter variations in response to hyperemia were widely used for the assess endothelial function by recording variations in response to hyperemia. Vasodilation was markedly impaired in polycythemic patients.Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was measured as the percentage increase in brachial artery diameter at diastole after 5 minute of ischemia.Objectives : Material and MethodsThe present study was conducted at Echo - Doppler department in Marjan medical city / Hilla , in cooperation with the department of physiology of College of medicine / University of Babylon, from November 2015 to April 2016. A history, physical examination, blood pressure, and laboratory were performed on all subjects (patients with secondary polycythemia, and control groups). Seventy subjects were included in the present study. Their ages was ranged between 40 - 60 years. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 : Included 30 healthy subjects without polycythemia, all men, their mean age was 47.20 ± 7.3 years and they served as control group.Group 2 : Included 40 patients, all men, with secondary polycythemia, their mean age 46.90 ± 7.3 years.Method : Measurement of flow - mediated and nitroglycerin - induced dilatation of the brachial artery.Measuring blood pressure, auscultatory method.Assessment of BMI.Laboratory analyses : Serum urea test.Serum creatinin test.White blood cells (WBCs) count : Platelets count.Estimation of packed cell volume (PCV %).Red blood cells (RBCs) count. Hb. level test.Cholesterol test.Triglyceride test.Urea test.Creatinine test.Results : The mean flow mediated dilatation (FMD) on two groups was significantly (p value < 0.01) decreased (16%) in patients group (8%) comparison to control group (24%). The mean Hb concentration was significantly (P value < 0.01) increased in patients group compared to control group.The mean packed cell volume (PCV) was significantly (P vale < 0.01) increased in patients group compared to control group.The mean FMD was found to be significantly (16%) decreased in smoker patients group (8%) compared to nonsmoker control group (24 %).The mean red blood cells count was significantly (P value < 0.01) increased in patients group compared to control group.It was found that triglyceride level significantly increased (P value < 0.01) in patients group compared to control group.There was negative correlation between triglyceride and FMD in patients group. Their are No correlation between age and FMD in patients group.The mean serum cholesterol level was not significantly ( p value < 0.07) increased in patients group compared to control group , while serum triglyceride level, serum creatinin, serum urea were significantly ( p value < 0.01) increased respect in patients comparison to control. Mean glucose, Platelets and red blood cells counts were significantly (P value < 0.01) increased in patients group (polycythemic group) respectively compare to control group respectively.Mean body mass index (BMI) and packed cell volume (PCV) were significant (P value < 0.01) increased respectively in patients group compared to control group. Ages of patients group was non - significantly (P value = 0.89) decreased (46.90 ± 7.00 years) in patients group compare to control group.Conclusions : 1 - The mean flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was significantly decreased (16%) in patients group compared to control group. 2 - The mean Hb concentration , mean packed cell volume (PCV) , red blood cells count, platelets , and body mass index count was significantly increased in patients group compared to control group.3 - Polycythemia as with endothelial dysfunctions that may perform in diagnosis of arterial disease. That used to estimate whereas endothelial dysfunctions result from problem in the cardiovascular system with problem in the prothrombin time.4 - Polycythemia can result in raises causes of thrombosis.Through increase platelet dysfunctions, increase ; white blood cell counts, Hb count, homocystein and cholesterol level as with endothelial dysfunctions.