البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

نتائج البحث: 25 من أصل 4,123

دور الشفافية الاستراتيجية في الحد من الفشل التنظيمي في ظل الدور التفاعلي للبراعة التنظيمية : دراسة تحليلية لاراء عينة من المسؤولين في بعض شركات وزارة الصناعة والمعادن العراقية == The Role Of Strategic Transparency In Reducing The Organizational Failure : Organizational Ambidexterity As A moderator An analytical Study to a number of officials views in Iraqi ministry of industry and minerals companies

اسم المؤلف: وليد عباس جبر الدعمي

اسم المشرف: محمد حسين منهل العيساوي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: During the last centuries, The Strategic transparency obtained considerable attention throughout numerous books presented about that topic , regarded as an essential determinant of organizations sustainability and competitivity , and for its tremendous contribution in improving the competitive opportunities of achieving success. Determining the causal relationships between the strategic transparency and Organizational failure within moderating role of organizational ambidexterity that what this study aimed to. The conceptual and hypothesis study model are developed through extensive and in - depth review of the literature related to the three variables of the study (strategic transparency as an independent variable , organizational ambidexterity as a moderating variable and Organizational failure as dependent variable) .The study problem in both its conceptual and field sides have been formulated in light of the analysis and diagnosis of many contemporary cognitive contributions , as well as the results of the survey and unstructured interviews conducted by a researcher at the targeted industrial organizations.The problem of the study is remarkably embodied upon the main question which is ( what is the possibility range of interpretation of the variation in organizational failure indicators of the organizations in terms of the level of strategic transparency?, and how can organizational ambidexterity as a(moderator) contribute to improving the strategic transparency role in enhancing the capabilities of the organizations to avoid threats of failure rising from its competitive environment?).The researcher has adopted the descriptive analytical approach in the study through employing the implications of both deductive and inductive analysis in the areas of the theoretical framing and practical tests of the model and the hypotheses of the study.The researcher also has adopted the survey methodology or exploratory methodology in procedural measurement of the variables of the study. The study has collected data from (four )Iraqi state companies working in the national industrial environment which are (State company for Iron and steel, State company for Paper industries , and State company for tires industry, State company for ready - made clothes) as an organizations that are facing competitive challenges cause loss its ability to responding to the growing rapid developments in the industry environment. The survey was conducted upon (198) individuals from the four surveyed companies) , the individuals were executive officials in regard with implementing strategic decisions of the mentioned companies .The researcher has employed a lot of methods to collect the necessary information and data for testing the study model and hypotheses, including : a questionnaire designed according to five - point LIKERT scale which the researcher relied upon conducting measurement tests, this method used in world - wide studies ,and has been adapted for the purposes of the present study. The reliability and validity measurements have been tested via exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.Research data was subjected to statistical analysis by employing a package of (SPSS). Results of statistical analysis proved the validity of many of the hypotheses that have been developed in accordance with study model. In general, the results of statistical tests proved a study model and hypotheses with statistically acceptable rates

تاثير اليقظة الاستراتيجية في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية المستدامة بالاعتماد على نتائج التحليل البيئي باعتماد مصفوفة SWOT متغيرا تفاعليا : دراسة تحليلية لاراء ادارات المدارس الاهلية في محافظة البصرة == Strategic Vigilance on Sustainable Competitive Advantage The Impact of The Adoption Moderating Of Matrix SWOT Analysis Results An analytical study of the views of Managers of private schools In Basra governorate

اسم المؤلف: هلين نعمة حطاب المالكي

اسم المشرف: محمد حسين منهل العيساوي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

اثر الانخفاض في قيمة الموجودات الثابتة على الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية من وجهة نظر مستخدم القوائم المالية في العراق == The Impact Of The Impairment Of Fixed Assets On The Characteristics Of Accounting Information From The Users Of Financial Reporting In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: مروة نبيل عبد الله

اسم المشرف: علاء عبد الحسين صالح الساعدي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The goal of this research to know the importance of applying the standard of impairment of fixed assets from the perspective of the users of financial reporting in Iraq , as well as prove alabagh between the use of standard impairment of assets and the quality characteristics of Accounting Information from the perspective of the users of financial reporting in Iraq , as well as knowledge of the variation in the opinions of those users about the importance of applying the standard of impairment of fixed assets . This research was conducted using questionnaire for users of financial lists in Iraq .It was reached a set of conclusions including the existence of importance to the application of the standard for impairment of assets and that users of financial reports have the knowledge and perception of importance of application of the standard for impairment of assets , as well as the impact there to apply the standard of the impairment of assets in improving the quality characteristics of Accounting Information, the result were all positive , confirm the existence of the effect of the application of the stand and for impairment of assets in improving the quality characteristics of Accounting Information this came through test several properties of the quality characteristics of Accounting Information it is the relevance , Faithful Representation , Comparability ,understandability, verifiability and timely , and also it dose not have impact of the different demographic characteristics of the users of financial reports in the importance of the application of the standard for impairment of fixed assets .The researcher presented a set of recommendations represented the need to keep up with the Iraqi standards thats are developed by the council of rules and standards in Iraq with issued as late of international standards with the the need to issue an accounting standard governing the issue of the impairment of assets in line with the requirements of the Iraqi environment .

التوجه السوقي متغيرا وسيطا في العلاقة بين التسويق الشامل والميزة التنافسية : دراسة تحليلية لعينة من المديرين في المصارف التجارية الخاصة في العراق == Market Orientation as Mediator Variable in the Relationship Between Holistic Marketing and Competitive Advantage (An analytical study of a mangers' sample of commercial banks in Iraq

اسم المؤلف: محمد راشد حميد الفتلاوي

اسم المشرف: عبد الرضا فرج بدراوي الخماس

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تسعى هذه الدراسة الى تحديد دور التسويق الشامل بابعاده المتمثلة بــ (التسويق المتكامل, التسويق الداخلي, التسويق بالعلاقة, تسويق الاداء) بوصفه متغيرا مستقلا, في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية بابعادها(الكلفة, الجودة, المرونة, التسليم, التكنولوجيا) بوصفها متغيرا معتمدا بوجود التوجه السوقي بابعاده المتمثلة بـــــ(التوجه نحو الزبون, التوجه نحو المنافس, التنسيق بين الوظائف) بوصفه متغيرا وسيطا, لاعتماد استراتيجيات تسويقية مناسبة تاخذ بنظر الاعتبار شدة المنافسة الحالية والمتوقعة في القطاع المصرفي, خاصة في ظل انفتاح العراق على العالم وتشجيع الدولة على تاسيس مصارف خاصة او فتح فروع لمصارف عالمية, وفي الوقت نفسة لتلبية حاجات واذواق الزبائن بتقديم افضل الخدمات وبميزة يتفوق بها المصرف على منافسيه. ومن هنا فان مشكلة الدراسة تجسدت في تساؤل جوهري مفاده ((هل للتسويق الشامل بابعاده دور في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية بابعادهوابوجود التوجه السوقي كمتغير وسيط)) وبتحديد اكثر تحاول الاجابة عن التساؤلات الاتية التي تشكل بمجموعها مشكلة الدراسة : 1 - هل تعتمد ادارة المصارف استراتيجية التسويق الشامل ؟2 - هل هناك علاقة وتاثير ما بين اعتماد التسويق الشامل والميزة التنافسية من خلال المتغير الوسيط التوجه السوقي ؟ كما تسعى هذه الدراسة الى تحقيق جملة اهداف منها : 1 - معرفة مدى ادراك الادارة داخل المصارف عينة الدراسة للتسويق الشامل بابعاده .2 - تسليط الضوء على التسويق الشامل وامكان تبنيه في المصارف عينة الدراسة .3 - تفعيل دور التسويق الشامل من خلال التوجه السوقي لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية.وقد توصلت الدراسة الى نتائج عده دعت الى رفض الفرضيات الرئيسة والفرعية واختيار الفرضيات البديلة فرضيات الوجود، كما توصلت الى مجموعة من النتائج، اهمها : يسهم التسويق الشامل بابعاده في تعزيز قدرة المصارف على مواجهة التغيرات المتسارعة ومن ثم تدعيم مواقفها التنافسية من خلال تحقيق الميزة التنافسية والمحافظة عليها, وجود علاقات ارتباط وتاثير قوية لكل من ابعاد التسويق الشامل والميزة التنافسية والتوجه السوقي. | This study is intended to determine the role of the holistic marketing with its factors, (integrate marketing, internal marketing, marketing in relation and performance marketing) which is an independent variable in achieving the competitive advantage with its dimensions (cost, quality, flexibility, delivery and technology) which depends on the market orientation with its dimensions (customer orientation, competitive orientation and coordination of tasks). It is worth relying on appropriate marketing strategies that consider the intensity of the current and potential competition in banking sector. This is supported by the encouragement of the government of establishing private and international banks. The study also aims to satisfy the needs and tastes of customers by offering distinct competitive characteristic of the bank.Thus, the study matter has been embodied in a question as to does holistic marketing in its dimensions have a role in achieving the competitive advantage its dimensions with the existence of market orientation as a mean factor? The following questions make up the research matter : 1 - Does banks management rely on particular marketing strategies including the holistic marketing strategies?2 - Is there a relationship and effect between the dependence on inclusive marketing through the mean factor and the market orientation? Does this lead to an increase in the effect on the competitive advantage?In addition, this study aim at achieving objectives such as the following : 1 - Realizing the extent to which bank staff consider the study sample on holistic marketing with its dimensions. 2 - Shedding light on holistic marketing and how likely it is to adopt the study sample.3 - Activation of holistic marketing through marketing orientation to achieve competitive feature.In order to achieve the study objectives, default chart has been prepared to identify the relationship with the study variables. The study has been raised from the following propositions : 1 - There is no meaningful and statistical impacting relationship between holistic marketing and the competitive advantage of study sample of banks.2 - There is no meaningful influential , statistical relationship between the holistic marketing and the market orientation with its factors.3 - There is no meaningful influential , statistical relationship between the holistic marketing and the competitive advantage with its factors with the existence of the market orientation with its factors as mean variable. To examine the credibility of those propositions, data related to the study sample variables has been gathered according to a questionnaire, personal interviews. Field observation on banks. The study sample was conducted on a group of bank managers and bankers, and bosses. The study sample was given to (163) individuals in (16) bank in order to achieve measurement tool's data precision, finding analysis credibility. In addition the study reached findings that rejected the basic and secondary propositions and chose the alternative proposition for the existent propositions. It brought in some practical and theoretical inferences among which is the conclusion - that holistic marketing with its factors contribute to support the ability of banks to challenge the dramatic changes and thereafter stabilizing their competitive situation through achievement of the competitive advantage. There is also the existence of strong influential relationships of each of the inclusive marketing factors and the competitive advantage of the market orientation.

امكانية استخدام الخيارات المالية للتحوط من مخاطر المحفظة الاستثمارية : دراسة تحليلية على بيانات سوق العراق للاوراق المالية == The Possibility of Using Financial Options to Hedge from Investment Portfolio Risk Study Analytical on the Iraq Stock Exchange

اسم المؤلف: حسين كريم فضاله السعيدي

اسم المشرف: حسين جواد كاظم

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Because of increasing risks that facing the investors in financial markets specially after increasing the range of financial globalization , the freedom of capital movements and markets opening .The based on financial engineering have tended to invent new tools to maximize return and minimize risk.one of the most important tools is the contracts options, which have become one of the leading global markets activities because of its reat importance as a tool for hedging and speculation. Proceeding from its importance the present study endeavoured to provide a knowledge and practical framework about the ability of contracts options of reducing risks of stocks prices for the selected sectors listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange by using the most important financialtheories, namely portfolio theory and the theory of financial options, to show the role of the policy of diversification in reducing irregular risks, as well as the prominent role given by the covered call option strategies to benefit from expectations of the current and future stock prices , that would contribute to the hedging of risks.The present study has reached a set of conclusions, including that the reduction of irregular risk depends on aimed diversification, which focused on the importance of correlation coefficients of returns, while the application of covered option strategy based on binomial model on efficient portfolio led to the advantage of the value of premium paid by the call option holders , that prices as long as witnessed a large fluctuations during the period under study, which proves the validity of our hypotheses through the study on the possibility of obtaining the best trade - off between return and risk when diversifying portfolios ,and that their possibility of reducing efficient portfolio risks by using the strategy of sale covered call option. and This is harmony with the expectations of portfolio managers on that decline, which leads to non - implementation of the option contract

تقييم اداء سوق العراق للاوراق المالية : دراسة تحليليه مقارنه مع بعض اسواق الدول العربية للمدة 2003 - 2013 == Evaluating the performance of Iraq Stock Exchange ( A comparative study between the Iraqi market and markets of some Arab countries for the period 2013 - 2003

اسم المؤلف: تحرير صلال ربيع الحميدي

اسم المشرف: منتظر فاضل سعد البطاط

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

اثار المشاريع المائية التركية في العراق == The effects of Turkish water projects in Iraq

اسم المؤلف: اياد خلف علي العاقــول

اسم المشرف: عبد الرزاق يوسف نصر الله

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Water is the most important natural resources in the desert and semi - desert climate countries such as Iraq, because it controls the distribution of population and economic activities, especially the agricultural field, and thus is one of the most important pillars of national and food security.Iraq suffers from a water problem of internal and external factors, factors interior is increasing demand, due to population growth and the increasing requirements of economic development, as well as the climatic changes that are seeing more drought and scarcity of rain and high temperatures, and the intensification of evaporation, which increases the water wastage in agriculture , and the problems of water pollution to a large limits exceeded Standards set by the Iraqi state, because of the throw of the cities and factories of liquid wastes in rivers, as well as what caused the discharge of drainage water contaminated with chemicals and pesticides process coming from upstream countries or from local projects in Iraq and toxins, which constitutes threat to human and environmentally significant organisms of all kinds, and the external factors, they include policies upstream countries (Turkey), through the construction of dams and projects on the basins of the Tigris and Euphrates, the leading exporters of surface water in Iraq, as well as a decline in the quantity and quality of water received through the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, to levels that do not meet basic needs, which has become a threat to food security. Which requires on Iraq, to put effective strategies to address the water crisis, and reduce the negative effects on economic activities, social, environmental, and to achieve the Iraqi water security, through the development and management of water resources, and regional cooperation among the riparian states, and move at the international level, to force Turkey to abide by international conventions, for the exploitation of shared water basins, and the conclusion of the Convention on the division of water, to ensure the rights of Iraq gained, and to achieve stability and security in the region

تقييم الاداء المالي في النظم المصرفية : دراسة مقارنة لعينة من المصارف الخاصة الاسلامية والتقليدية في العراق للمدة 2010 - 2015 == Assess the financial performance of the banking systems (a comparative study of a sample of private Islamic and conventional banks in Iraq for the period 2010 - 2015)

اسم المؤلف: حيان ياسين عبد الله محمد الحياني

اسم المشرف: علي عبد محمد سعيد الراوي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة العراقية - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم العلوم المالية والمصرفية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تؤدي المصارف بنحو عام دورا هاما في الحياة الاقتصادية فهي تعمل كوسيط بين المدخرين والمستثمرين لذلك فهي تعمل على تحريك عجلة الاقتصاد الوطني وزيادة نموه ونظرا لاهمية الجهاز المصرفي عموما والمصارف الاسلامية خصوصا حيث جرى العمل على تحليل ادائهوامقارنتها بالمصارف التقليدية من اجل اثبات فرضية البحث التي استندت على ان المصارف الاسلامية في العراق تمتلك مقومات النجاح التي تمكنها من منافسة المصارف التقليدية وفي سبيل تحقق ذلك استخدم اسلوب تحليل النسب المالية على عينة تتكون من (6) مصارف (3) مصارف اسلامية خاصة و(3) مصارف تقليدية خاصة باستخدام عدد من النسب التي تم اختيارها على اساس امكانية تطبيقها على كلا النوعين من المصارف . وفي سبيل تحقق هدف البحث تم تقسيمه الى ثلاثة فصول رئيسة تضمن كل فصل منها ثلاثة مباحث تناول الفصل الاول منها اسس التحليل المالي , وتطرق الفصل الثاني الى المصارف الاسلامية والتقليدية من حيث (الاطار العام ,الاهداف وادوات الاستثمار) وناقش الفصل الثالث تحليل اداء بعض المصارف الخاصة الاسلامية والتقليدية في العراق للمدة (2010 - 2015) . وبذلك توصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج التي ثبت صحة الفرضية على الرغم من وجود بعض المؤشرات السلبية في بعض الجوانب ومن اهم هذه النتائج ان متوسط نسب السيولة المحققة من قبل المصارف الاسلامية اكبر من نسب السيولة المحققة من قبل المصارف التقليدية , واما فيما يخص نسب الربحية للمصارف الاسلامية فكانت اقل من متوسط نسب ربحية المصارف التقليدية عدا نسبة ( صافي الربح الى اجمالي الودائع) اذ حققت المصارف الاسلامية فيها متوسط نسب اعلى من متوسط نسب المصارف التقليدية . كما ان المصارف الاسلامية حققت متوسط نسب توظيف في (الاستثمارات/ الودائع) اقل من متوسط نسب توظيف المصارف التقليدية , واما فيما يخص نسبة (الائتمان النقدي / اجمالي الودائع) فقد استطاعت المصارف الاسلامية من تحقق متوسط نسبة اعلى من متوسط نسبة المصارف التقليدية . واما فيما يخص نسب الكفاية فقد حققت المصارف الاسلامية متوسط (نسب كفاية في راس المال) اعلى من متوسط (نسب كفاية راس مال) المصارف التقليدية . اما بالنسبة للتوصيات فكان اهمها ضرورة استغلال الموارد في صيغ مختلفة وعدم اقتصاره على صيغة المرابحة مع العمل على استخدام احدث اساليب منح الائتمان لتقليل الخسائر خصوصا في المشاركات والمضاربات . | Banks in general play an important role in economic life, They are working as an intermediate between savers and investors Thus, They are working on moving the wheel of the national economy, and increase its growth. Given the importance of the banking system, Generally, and Islamic banks, especially, where work was to evaluate the performance of Islamic banks , comparing With The conventional banks, to prove the Research Hypothesis, which was based on that the Islamic banks in Iraq have the Success factors that will enable Them to compete with the conventional Private banks : In order to achieve that, it was used the "Financial Ratio Analysis" on a sample consists of (6) Banks : ( 3) Islamic Private banks and (3) conventional banks using a number of ratios that have been selected, based on their applicability to both types of banks . In order to achieve the goal of research was divided into three main chapters, every chapters, including three sections, first chapter dealing with foundations of financial analysis, and the second chapter discussed the Islamic and conventional banks in terms of (the general framework, objectives and investment instruments), the third chapter Discuss, analysis performance of some Islamic and conventional private banks in Iraq for the period (2010 - 2015). ……………………….. Thereby, the research concluded a group of results that substantiate the hypothesis, in spite of negatives in some aspects, and the most important of these results is that the average liquidity rates achieved by Islamic banks are bigger than Liquidity rates, achieved by the conventional banks; The profitability ratios of Islamic banks were less than the average profitability rates of conventional banks, except (net profit to total deposits), ratio Where Islamic banks have achieved rates average is higher than the rates average of conventional banks. Also, Islamic banks rates average, achieved in the employment (investments / deposits), less than the average rates of employment of conventional banks; is The proportion (cash credit / total deposits) of Islamic banks has been able to achieve a proportion average higher than the rate average of conventional banks. As regards the adequacy ratios, Islamic banks have achieved an average (adequacy ratios in the capital)That is higher than the average (capital adequacy) of conventional banks, and also higher than the specific rate by the Central Bank rates. As for the most important recommendations was the need to exploit resources in different formats and not confined to the (Murabaha) with work on the use of most recent methods of granting credit to reduce losses, especially in the (Musharakah) and (Mudarabah

معالجة مياه الصرف الصناعي لمصافي النفط بالاكسدة الانودية المباشرة == Treatment Of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater By Direct Anodic Oxidation

اسم المؤلف: انغام سامي حمزة

اسم المشرف: علاء نور غانم الموسوي

الموضوع العام: الهندسة الكيمياوية

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الهندسة الكهروكيمياوية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكيمياوية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: مياه الصرف الصناعي لمصافي النفط الناتجة بصورة رئيسية من عمليات تكرير النفط الخام والصناعات التحويلية، مواد التشحيم والبتروكيماويات الوسيطة. هذه السوائل هي المصدر الرئيسي للتلوث البيئي المائي. تتكون مياه الصرف الصناعي من الزيوت والشحوم والمركبات العضوية ا | Petroleum refinery wastewater originating from petroleum industries primarily resulted in refining crude oil and manufacturing fuels, lubricants and petrochemical intermediates. These effluents are a major source of aquatic environmental pollution. The wastewaters are composed of oil and grease, toxic organic compounds along with many other minerals. In this study, wastewater of Al - Najaf petroleum refinery was used as electrolyte solution in the experiments, and the effect of some variables on the removal of organic material as a pollutant in term of COD were studied. The performance of anodic oxidation represented by COD removal was studied using 1 liter batch - mode parallel plate electrochemical reactor at constant initial COD concentration and fixed agitation speed of 250 rpm with the variation of operating conditions that were expected to have a major effect on process. These variables were : electrodes material (platinum, stainless steel, graphite, PbO2, and carbon felt), current densities (5, 15, 25) mA cm - 2 for carbon felt electrode and (10, 30, 50) mAcm - 2 for other electrodes, pH (4, 7, 10), temperatures (25, 40, and 55)?C and with electrolysis time up to 120 minutes. The results show that the direct anodic oxidation process gave the best COD removal percent of 84.88% and 86.27% at 50 and 25 mA cm - 2 current densities for PbO2 and carbon felt anode materials, respectively. The highest COD removal was predicted at pH 4 and the best temperature at 55?C for all electrode types. The reaction was followed by pseudo first - order kinetics rate. As well, it was studied the effect of current density on the current efficiency, instantaneous current efficiency, energy consumption, charge load with the time and calculated activation energy.

تحضير عامل مساعد زيوت Y من قشور الرز العراقية لتطبيقات تكسير الهكسان == Preparation Of Zeolite Y Catalyst From Iraqi Rice Husk For Cracking Of n - Hexane

اسم المؤلف: زينب محمد صبار

اسم المشرف: نجاة جمعة صالح | بشير يوسف شرهان

الموضوع العام: الهندسة الكيمياوية

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: تكرير النفط والصناعات البتروكيمياوية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة التكنولوجية - قسم الهندسة الكيمياوية - فرع الهندسة الكيمياوية وتكرير النفط

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Silica nano particles were prepared from Iraqi rice husk (al - Najaf province) by precipitation method. Rice husk (RH) was treated with two different concentrations of inorganic acid (i.e. 1 & 3 N HCl) then burning at 700 °C under two heating rates. Chemical composition of rice husk ash (RHA) determined by X - Ray fluorescence (XRF) was contained about 89.5 wt% and 95.2 wt% SiO2 by treatment with 1N HCl at 10 and 5 °C/min heating rates for 3 hrs, respectively. While, XRF analysis was given 97.5 wt% SiO2content in RHA by treatment with 3 N HCl at 5 °C/min heating rates for 2 hrs. 3N HCl and heating rate at 5°C/min seems to be the best method to reduce the metallic ingredients and to obtain highly purified nanosilica powder at a purity of 98.9 wt%.The prepared nanosilica was also characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), in order to investigate its properties.X - ray results revealed a strong single beak of 2? at about 22° with an amorphous phase. Surface area was measured for nano silica to be 298 m2/g. The average diameter of prepared nanosilica is 89.58 nm as obtained by AFM analysis. Rice husk is seen to be a frugal waste material, high silica content, and it will be able to apply as a natural source of silica for preparation the zeolite - Y catalysts rather than burnt or dumped it as waste, causing environmental and health problems. On the other hand, the commercial source of silica (i.e. Ludox As - 40) is industrially used with other materials for synthesizing the zeolite type - Y catalyst and economically it has an expensive cost. Hence, it is essential to find out another pathway for silica source.This work deals with the replacing of costly commercial precursors of silica by a cheap natural nano - source silica from Iraqi RH. As such this study focuses on the optimization of percentages of natural and/or commercial silica applied within either seed gel or feed stock gel in the zeolite - Y synthesis process in order to investigate the effect of the nature of the silica used on both the structural properties of produced of Y - catalyst as well as on the catalytic performance of these catalysts in hydrocarbon cracking reactions forimproving the production catalytic activity and selectivity. Commercial zeolite - Y catalyst was laboratory prepared by means of commercial silica source and named as “A” sample, whereas other four samples of zeolite catalysts were successfully synthesized with a desired zeolite - Y phase and so - called “B, C, D and E” using different percentages of natural silica source. All the achieved samples are investigated by characterization techniques (i.e. XRD, BET - surface area, Pore volume, FTIR SEM, AAS, and EDX). The synthesized HY - catalyst samples were catalytically tested in the cracking of Hexane (C6H14) through an experimental cracking rig, and the reaction products were analyzed by GC. The performance of Iraqi RH zeolite type - Y catalysts was compared with the commercial lab HY - catalyst. Catalyst B prepares from only natural nanosilicasource and in comparison with other synthesized Y - catalysts; it gives the best catalytic behavior with 98 - 95 mol% conversion together with the selectivity domination of isomer and normal paraffin within the reaction products during more than 2 hrs at 450 °C. This result confirms that the use of natural silica source can be enhanced the catalytic properties of zeolite type - Y catalyst.

بناء معيد ترميز تكراري شبه مثالي للاشارات المرمزة المعتمدة على مخطط تانر == Implementation Of Modified Suboptimal Iterative Decoding For Tanner - Graph Based Coded Signals

اسم المؤلف: محمد ثامر نصر

اسم المشرف: احمد عبد الكاظم حمد

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: في هذا العمل, تم اقتراح خوارزميتين لتحسين اداء معيد الترميز التكراري التجميعي. الاول انجز باضافة رموز ارشاد بين سيل البيانات التي تدخل الى المرمز. في هذه الطريقة, رموزالارشاد ترمز مع البيانات المدخلة (رموز الارشاد المرمزه او الداخليه) مقارنة بالطريقة الاع | In this work, two algorithms were suggested in order to improve the performance of systematic RA decoding. The first one was accomplished by the insertion of pilot symbols between the data stream that entering the encoder. In this way the pilot symbols are encoded along with the input data (encoded or internal pilots) in contrast to the usual way where pilots are inserted after encoding (unencoded or external pilots). The positions where pilots should be inserted are chosen in such a way that to improve the minimum Hamming distance and/or to reduce the error coefficients of the code. Moreover, the known pilots have higher reliability than data and can significantly improve the initial decoding.The second proposed algorithm includes the utilization of the inserted pilots to estimate scaling (correction) factors. Two - dimensional (2D) correction system was suggested in order to enhance the performance of traditional Minimum - Sum (MS) decoding of regular RA codes. By calculating the mean square difference (MSD) between the values of received pilots and the a - posteriori data of bit and check node related to them, which are created by the MS decoder, an adaptive method can be achieved for getting the correction factors.Since encoded pilots in systematic RA code are embedded in data, it is possible to puncture all or part of them to increase the code rate. The pilots still have their effect on increasing the minimum Hamming distance.Extensive simulation tests reveal that the suggested quasi - optimal algorithms supply error performance be able to compare as Sum - Product (SP) decoding whilst maintain less complexity. Practical experiments are carried out by utilizing the capability of data acquisition toolbox supported by MATLAB to provide a hardware interface with the computer sound card. Here, the sound card plays the role of ADC and DAC converter in the physical layer. A different graphical user interfaces (GUI) are designed for the transmitting and receiving terminals to facilitate the selection of different code options. Signals are transmitted over wireless channel using a 2.4 GHz band indoor audio tranceiver. According to the aquired results, the modified coding system outperforms the original one when it is tested over AWGN and fading channels. An improvement may be realized about 1.5 dB and 1.3 dB at BER=?10?^( - 5) for punctured and unpunctured systematic (50,35,3,7) code with adaptive scaling, with three encoded pilots over AWGN channel and about 3.4 dB and 3.3 dB at BER=?10?^( - 4) for punctured and unpunctured systematic (50,35,3,7) code with constant scaling, with two encoded pilots over fading channel.

حساب توزيع الطاقة الممتصة في راس الانسان باستخدام نطاق الفرق الزمني المحدد لانظمة الاتصالات المتنقلة == Computation Of Sar Distribution In Human Head For Cellurlar Mobile Communication Systems Using Fdtd

اسم المؤلف: هويدا كمال عبد الفتاح

اسم المشرف: عضيد حسن سلومي

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Widespread wireless communications system in the last few years, leads people to ask many questions about the advantages and disadvantages of those systems, especially about electromagnetic waves pollution and their effect on human health.The mobile device is frequently used by the general public from adult to child, one of the main sources of electromagnetic waves and very close to the human head. Therefore the focus of this research on the impact of electromagnetic waves from mobile to human health by measuring the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), at the human head and the hand through SEMCAD - X that uses the Finite Different Time Domain (FDTD). SAR computation uses (FDTD) in the way the limited space of time, to calculate the specific absorption rate. The results have been compared with standards averaged over any 1 g of tissue and averaged over any 10 g of tissue. It didn't exceed the applicable standard.This work evaluates specific absorption rate (SAR) at different ages of three people. Firstly, old man, who was estimated to head 100% size of header used in the program SEMCAD - X. Secondly Adult man was estimated his head by 85% size of header used in program, and finally the child who was estimated his head by 65% size of header used in the program SEMCAD - X, the design hand has been used with all cases.The design of the mobile phone software works in four different packages of frequencies; the packets are the center frequencies 900MHz 1800MHz, 2100MHz and 2400MHz, when increased frequency the SAR increased but in the some state and frequency decreasing.The Evaluation of SAR in the head and the hand of the user device and the generic phone, the highest value of SAR decreases with increasing distance between the generic phone and the user's head and reducing the proportion was 50% for the old man, 40% for adult man and 35% for child. It can be noted that the angle of the rotation of the various frequencies is not fixed, while the ratio approximately is 25% for each angle of rotation.Also, it can be noted that for fixed frequency, the input power is increased to a double and the SAR have been used increased almost to a double.The different positions show that the methods of holding generic phone have a significant impact on the value of SAR. Therefore, the value of SAR can be reduced into 90% when using the correct method.The evaluation of SAR in these cases shows their influence on children and it was much greater than the adult human or old human by parentage 40% old man and 35% adult man.

مبدل فوتوفولطائي مايكروي احادي المرحلة نوع فلايباك المغذي للشبكة == Single Stage Grid - Connected Flyback Photovoltaic Microinverter

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى عباس فضل

اسم المشرف: تركي كحیوش حسن

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء - قدرة ومكائن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

مسيطر السرعة المثالي بالاعتماد على المتجه المسيطر لمسوق محرك التيار المستمر عديم الفرش == Optimal Speed Controller Based On Vector Controlled For A Brushless DC Motor Drive

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى بشار عبد الملك

اسم المشرف: تركي كحيوش حسن

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء - قدرة ومكائن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اصبحت محركات التيار المستمر عديمة الفرش شائعة جدا في الكثير من المجالات مثل في الصناعة والتطبيقات المنزلية؛ وذلك يعود الى مميزاتها العديدة على محركات التيار المستمر ذوات الفرش والمحركات الحثية؛ مثل كفائتها العالية, كثافة قدرتها العالية وحجمها الصغيرنسب | Brushless DC (BLDC) motors have become very popular in various fields such as in industry or home appliances; and that is due to their many advantages over the brushed DC motors and the induction motors such as their higher efficiency, high power density and respectively low volume. The traditional and most popular way to drive BLDC motor is by using six - step or trapezoidal technique. This technique however has several problems such as high torque ripple and high distortion in the currents. This thesis presents a BLDC motor drive system where the performance of the motor is improved on various aspects. The first aspect is to improve the speed response by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to find the optimal parameters of the speed controller. The second aspect is to reduce the torque ripple associated with the traditional driving technique and also improve the dynamic response of the motor by using vector or field - oriented control to drive the motor. The third aspect is improving the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the voltages and currents by using multilevel inverter. The last aspect is driving the motor in sensorless operation for reduced cost and for applications where speed and position sensors cannot be used; this operation uses a flux - linkage observer with a phase - locked loop (PLL) structure to estimate the position and speed of the rotor. The control methods are modeled using MATLAB/Simulink program and the results show that the proposed systems has significant improvement in performance as compared with the traditional technique in terms of speed response, torque ripple and THD of the voltages and currents

تمييز الوجوه اعتمادا على التحويلات الكونتورية ومصنف الشبكة العصبية متعددة الطبقات == Face Identification Based On Contourlet Transform And Multi - Layer Neural Network Classifier

اسم المؤلف: علي فتاح حسون

اسم المشرف: ماهر خضير محمود

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Face recognition plays an important role in many applications like security, banking, access to buildings, and surveillance …. etc.Because of the face image can significantly change due to changing in some factors, such as lighting conditions, facial expression, and others factors, therefore face recognition is still a challenging mission. Useful properties of the Contourlet Transform (CT) are exploited in this thesis to investigate more discriminant features to enhance the face identification performance. In this thesis, a face identification system is suggested based on CT, and Multi - Layer Neural Network (MLNN) Classifier. The main reasons behind using the CT are : First, the CT supports progressive data compression/expansion, hence it is used for image compression. Second, the features in human face are not just horizontal or vertical. CT is utilized for feature extraction because it is a genuine 2D transform that can capture the edge information in all directions. After decomposing an image by CT, low and high frequency coefficients of CT are calculated in different scales and various angles. Most significant information of faces is contained in coefficients, which is important for face identification. The frequency coefficients are utilized as an input feature vector for a neural network classifier. Simple feed forward MLNN neural network is used to achieve the identification process. The network parameters are tuned to optimal values, in order to produce fair comparison between different types of feature vectors. To evaluate the algorithm performance, seven standard databases, and a proposed database are used. Some of them are of high variability, to examine the algorithm robustness against variability. In addition, the proposed algorithm is also evaluated using a generated database composed from five databases. Then the suggested method is compared with other classical feature - based methods such as, wavelet, Principle Component Analysis (PCA), and CT - PCA. The results indicate that the CT - based method has better identification (ID) rate, and is faster than the Wavelet - based and the PCA - based methods. This is due to the high sparsity of the CT and its efficient capability of compression. The ID rates obtained for a tested databases are Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) database (100%), face 94 database (99.34%), proposed database (98.55%), ORL database (96.5%), Senthil database (92%), Yale database (90%), FERET database (76.2 %), and FEI database (72.57 %), and comparing with other systems, an average identification rate 90.64% for the CT, 85.71% for the Wavelet, 53.92% for the CT - PCA, and 46.7% for the PCA for all tested databases.Moreover, the characteristics of low and high frequency sub bands a are studied with their effect on ID rates. The simulation results indicate that the best identification rates are obtained when using only the low frequency sub - band for all tested databases

تصميم وتحليل هوائيات مغيرة الرقعة للتطبيقات ذات الحزمة العريضة == Design And Analysis Of Slotted Patch Antenna For Wideband Applications

اسم المؤلف: سيف ناظم غالب الساعدي

اسم المشرف: رعد حمدان ظاهر

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The main objective of this work is to design, fabricate and test irregular, diamond wideband microstrip patch antenna which satisfy UWB. A series of parametric study is conducted to show how the characteristics of the antenna depend on the various geometrical and other parameters. These geometrical parameters of the antenna include the dimensions of the patch, feeder and ground plane. Slots are inserted different shapes and sizes in antennas to show which give different bandwidth. The first designed antenna has regular pentagonal patch and 50? microstrip line on one side of dielectric substrate and partial ground plane with square slot on other side. This antenna gives dual bandwidth 2.73 - 7.5 GHz and 8.7 - 20 GHz. This antenna is modified by changing the patch from regular to irregular pentagonal patch with the same area and fixe the other parameter of the antenna. Therefore, the antenna is improved in term of bandwidth and gain, which gives bandwidth of 2.74 - 20 GHz. Many slots with the different shape and size are added to the irregular pentagonal patch to modify this antenna, which makes this antenna have bandwidth of 2.6 - 20 GHz which is suitable for the application that operating in this band. The second design consists of diamond patch and microstrip feed line on one side of dielectric substrate and partial ground plane has square slot on the other side. This antenna is modified by adding three slots in the patch which modifies the gain, so this gives bandwidth of 2.3 - 18.5 GHz. The third design consists of irregular pentagonal patch that is fed by 50? Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) and 4 - step stair added to ground plane is printed on one side of dielectric substrate and c - shape independent piece on other side. This antenna gives bandwidth of 1.48 - 14.2 GHz which is suitable for the applications that operating in this bandwidth. The fourth antenna consist of diamond patch that fed by 50? Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) and 4 - step stair added to ground plane is printed on one side of dielectric substrate and independent piece on other side. This antenna is suitable for the applications which is operate in band of 1.35 - 16 GHz. The design and simulation of the antenna is carried out using CST microwave Studio simulation software.

خوارزمية فعالة للسيطرة على التردد اثناء تغيير الحمل في منظومة القدرة == An Effective Algorithm Of Load Frequency Control In Power System

اسم المؤلف: ساره عباس حسين

اسم المشرف: قاسم عبد الرزاق الانباري | عباس حسين مري

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء - قدرة ومكائن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: في السنوات السابقة، زادت اهمية تحسين النظام الكهربائي. وان ثبوت التردد هو واحدة من الاشياء التي اثرت في خصائص النظام الكهربائي هي ثبوتية التردد. ولهذه الغاية، وحدة التوليد ملحقة بمسيطر اوتوماتيكي على التردد اثناء تغيير الحمل (LFC) لتنظيم القدرة الفعالة | In recent years, the importance of improving electrical power has been increased. One of the things influenced the characteristic of electrical power is the constancy of frequency. To this end, the generator unit is equipped with an automatic load frequency control (LFC) to adjust the active power produced and restore the frequency and tie line power exchange to their nominal value.The total model of a hybrid power system has a high dimension. The classical design tools are inadequate to cope with all dynamic features. Artificial intelligence techniques are found to be a promising tool to optimally minimize the transient dynamics and control efforts in a load frequency control. This thesis shows the execution of various Artificial Intelligence techniques on the tuning of PID controller in a load frequency control system to compute the PID controller. The techniques of genetic algorithm technique GA, particle swarm optimization PSO and artificial bee colony ABC were applied on four areas, six tie lines power system. The dynamic model was formulated in state variables form. A comparison between these techniques with different performance indices was presented. Results of the test system 1 and 2 were computed and compared. They showed that in test system 2 the load frequency controller can chase the load fluctuation in a short time. The IAE performance index gives an optimum dynamic performance using ABC. From the outcomes, they show that the test system 2 outputs regarding settling time and maximum overshoot were the best performances.

الرؤية المجسمة لتخمين المسافة باستخدام SAD مع مرشح كشف الحواف Canny وتقنيات التعويض == Stereo Vision Distance Estimation Using SAD And Canny Edge Detector With Interpolation Methods

اسم المؤلف: زيد خضر حسين

اسم المشرف: رعد حمدان ظاهر

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

تصميم وبناء شاحنة بطاريات ذكية لمنظومة القدرة التي تعمل بالالواح الفوتوفولطائية == Design And Implementation Of An Intelligent Battery Charger For A Photovoltaic Power System

اسم المؤلف: حسين سعود مرض

اسم المشرف: عصام محمود عبد الباقي

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء - قدرة ومكائن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: ان الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الرسالة هو استخدام الطاقة الشمسية لشحن بطاريات الرصاص الحمضية. تعتبر الشاحنة من اهم اجزاء المنظومة الشمسية وذلك لكون بطاريات الخزن هي الجزء الوحيد المحدود العمر منها. بطاريات التخزين ضرورية في جميع المنظومات الكهربائية الشمسية المس | The main goal of this thesis is to use the photovoltaic (PV) power to charge Lead - acid batteries. The charger is the most important part of the solar system because the only limited - age part of this system is the storage batteries. Storage batteries are essential in all standalone PV power systems. Their efficiency and life time affects significantly the overall PV system performance and economics. The storage battery's effectiveness depends on the charging process. Hence, this thesis deals with the study, simulation and design of an intelligent charger fed by solar system due to the latest technologies.The developed charging method entitled "the decreased charging current based on state of charge" is adopted in this thesis to charge a lead - acid battery. The principle of decreased charging current is to make the real charging current as close as possible to the maximum acceptable current. The advantage of this technique is to mix between the rapidity of charging and prevents of the overcharging and generates gases.The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is adopted to maximize the PV output power, whatever of the temperature and irradiation conditions. The design considers different operating conditions of load, battery state of charge (SOC) and ambient effect in order to achieve the best charging condition of the batteries and to be compatible with the user requirements. The flexible, simple and cheap design is the objective of this charger.This PV charging system is composed of a solar panel, lead - acid batteries, buck converter as power charging circuit and a microcontroller as a control unit.The simulation results are achieved by using Simulink Proteus Isis Professional software. These results demonstrated the validity of the proposed charging technique. The battery charger prototype was tested and the obtained results agree with those obtained from the simulation

تحسين اداء هوائي فيفالدي باستخدام المواد ما بعد المادية == Vivaldi Antenna Performance Enhancement Based On Metamaterials

اسم المؤلف: ادهم ربيع عزيز

اسم المشرف: زيد اسعد عبد الحسين | طه احمد عليوي

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترونيك

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: يتطرق البحث الى المتطلبات الاساسية في الانظمه اللاسلكيه الحديثة والضوابط المتوافقة مع امكانية اعادة التشكيل وقابلية التحديث مما ادى الى ان يصب مجال الدارسة في تحقيق تصميم هوائي يمكن له استيعاب ذلك. في هذه الدراسة، صمم هوائي مطوي على اساس هيكل فيفالدي مع | The urgent demands for a miniaturized, compatible, reconfigurable, updatable, and additive - able wireless communication systems for advanced handle held and portable electronics devices are rarely relaxed due to the inherent antenna limitations. In this study, developing a folded microstrip antenna based on a novel antipodal Vivaldi structure based metamaterial inclusions of single negative properties is proposed for wideband applications. Although, Vivaldi antennas show unlimited bandwidth, an acceptable directivity, small size, light weight and easy to fabricate, but, it suffers from low gain due to traveling surface waves effects and therefore, it cannot be embedded inside the integrated systems ,where, the radiation direction is in the end - fire that limits their use to the outdoor applications. Therefore, a remarkable attention was the first in the literature, is proposed in this thesis by introducing single negative metamaterials to the folded antipodal Vivaldi antenna structure. This work is developed based on a systematic approach which can be divided mainly into four parts : First of all, design a single negative metamaterial structure of a surface area 5×5 mm2 on an FR4 - Epoxy substrate. The unit cell properties are evaluated numerically and analytically, then, compared to the measurement. Second, a systematic approach is applied to design an antipodal Vivaldi antenna based flat profile of a corrugated shape with 50×38 mm2 on the FR4 - Epoxy substrate. Third, the best arrive of the flat geometry is folded on a hello Teflon substrate of an elliptical cross - sectional area. Fourth, the folded antenna structure is surrounded by a U - shaped single negative metamaterial array. The performance of the all proposed antennas are evaluated numerically, then, compared to their measurements in both S11 and radiation patterns. It is found that the antenna bandwidth has affected insignificantly by applying the metamaterial structures. However, with respect to the flat antenna model, the gain is increased generally by 6 dB as well as the radiation pattern is oriented to the broadside. It is worth to mention that the achieved enhancement in the gain is mostly attributed to the folded substrate and the metamaterial introduction. While, the bandwidth enhancement is mostly obtained from the folded antenna structure. The optimum structure shows a first mode around 1.4 GHz and the second one at 2.86 GHz, while, the flat antenna only one mode at 1.5 GHz is appeared.Finally, the HFSS, CST MWS, Matlab and ADS software packages are used in this thesis to study the unit cell performance and the antenna structure. Excellent agreements have been found between the simulated and measured results.

تقييم صخور الحجر الجيري لمنطقة عيون الشجيج محافـظة النجف (وسط العراق) كمواد انشائية == Evaluation of The Limestone of Eione Al - Shujage Area In Al - Najaf (Middle of Iraq) As Construction Materials

اسم المؤلف: وائل نوري مرزة النافعي

اسم المشرف: جعفر حسين علي الزبيدي

الموضوع العام: علم الارض

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: علم الارض

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم - قسم علم الارض

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

كفاءة التنظيف لمبرد XP - endo Finisher بالمقارنة مع انظمة الارواء بالتردد الصوتي والتردد فوق الصوتي : دراسة خارج الجسم == Cleaning Efficiency of Xp - Endo Finisher File In Comparison With Sonic And Ultrasonic Irrigation Systems (An In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: مهند غازي عزاوي

اسم المشرف: جمال عزيز مهدي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: معالجة الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare the efficiency of XP - endo Finisher, EndoActivator sonic irrigation system and the NSK Varios ultrasonic irrigation system in removing dentin debris at three levels of root canals and to compare the percentage of dentin debris among the three levels for each irrigation system. Sixty freshly extracted upper molar teeth with straight palatal root canals were used in this study. All canals were prepared with ProTaper NEXT rotary files to size X4, 1mm from the anatomic apex with irrigation of 1 ml 2.0% NaOCl between the files. After that the samples were randomly distributed into three groups of twenty samples each, irrigated with 1 ml 2.0% NaOCl, followed by irrigant activation for 60 seconds with three different irrigation systems; group one, by using the XP - endo Finisher; group two, by sonic irrigation using the EndoActivator system; and group three, by ultrasonic irrigation using the NSK Varios, then all the groups received a final rinse of 5 ml 2.0% NaOCl. After the final rinse, the roots were split longitudinally into two parts and photographed with a professional digital camera. The digital images were then transferred into a computer and opened in Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 software and the canal was magnified 200x. The percentage of dentin debris remaining at the apical level (0 - 3mm), the middle level (3 - 6mm) and the coronal level (6 - 9mm) was calculated by dividing the number of pixels occupied by the dentin debris at each level by the number of pixels representing the entire canal area. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and LSD at 1% and 5% significant levels. This study showed that cleaning the canal with the XP - endo Finisher or NSK Varios ultrasonic irrigation system resulted in significantly cleaner canals (P<0.01) than the EndoActivator sonic activation system at all canal levels. The XP - endo Finisher resulted in cleaner canals than the NSK Varios ultrasonic irrigation system at all levels, but the difference is not statistically significant (P>0.05). The apical level of all the canals showed a greater amount of dentin debris (P<0.01) compared to the middle and coronal levels, regardless of the irrigation device used.

تحليل القوى المستقرة لثلاثة انواع مختلفة من المواد الراتنجية بطريقة عملية وعددية == Static Stress Analysis For Three Different Types of Composite Materials Experimentally And Numerically

اسم المؤلف: محمد وائل سعيد

اسم المشرف: حكمت عبد الرحيم الغراوي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: معالجة الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: t is important to analyze and compare the stresses induced in different composite material types during load application to know which type of composite will behave as preferred under the loading in the same circumstances. This study aimed at measuring and comparing the stress induced in Filtek ™ Z350 XT (3M ESPE) composite, Tetric EvoCeram ® (ivoclar vivadent) composite and BRILLIANT ™ NG (Coltène/Whaledent) composite experimentally and numerically.Experimental analysis included cavity preparation in the Brass block with a concave (U - shape) cavity which represent a proximal cavity preparation. This cavity was used as a mold for sample preparation. The internal line and point angles of the cavity (mold) were rounded and the dimensions of the cavity (mold) were 10mm × 10mm × 10mm (Total height of the box × Width of the top side of box × Length of the top side of box). The internal diameter of “U” was 5 mm at the base of the box. The mold was used to prepare forty five samples, fifteen samples for each type of composite material. So, three groups were prepared : Group A filled with Filtek ™ Z350 XT composite material, Group B filled with Tetric EvoCeram ® composite material and Group C filled with BRILLIANT ™ NG composite material.Electrical strain gauge (Tokyo Sokki, Japan) was embedded in composite material horizontally at the same level in each sample. Static load of 50 N was applied perpendicular to the center of the occlusal surface of composite restoration in each sample testing. The strain gauge was connected to a Wheatstone bridge with a signal amplifier which measures the strain during load application and gives the amplified signal from (0 to 4.8 volt) to LabJack data acquisition where a stream software give the final values of strain with the aid of a scaled equation of voltage. Then, the von Mises stress (effective stress) was calculated by using equations. Numerical analysis was done by using ANSYS 16.1 - (2015) (finite element tool) software that was used to create the 3 - Dimensional models represented the same materials and dimensions used experimentally. The physical characteristics of the composite models were inserted in the software which included Elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio (?). Analysis was selected in a finite element method according to boundary conditions. A mesh size and an element size were estimated during the study. The stresses were calculated at static load of 50 N with the ANSYS 16.1 - (2015) software.The data were analyzed statistically by One - way ANOVA test and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. One - way ANOVA test and LSD test results showed that there was a highly significant difference (P<0.001) presented between groups A and B, groups A and C and between groups B and group C. The Stress induced in BRILLIANT ™ NG composite after load application was the lowest stress value followed by Tetric EvoCeram ® composite and followed by Filtek ™ Z350 XT composite which was the highest stress value experimentally and numerically.

التسرب المايكروي لنوعين من القشرة الخزفية بوجود وعدم وجود الحشوة الراتنجية تحت جهاز التحميل الدوري == Microleakage of Two Porcelain Laminate Veneers Materials With And Without Composite Filling Under Cyclic Loading

اسم المؤلف: ياسر علي النقيب

اسم المشرف: عمار عطا الله علي السعدي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: معالجة الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Although investigators have evaluated the microleakage of porcelain laminate veneers, there is insufficient data regarding the durability of porcelain laminate veneers bonded to existing composite fillings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of porcelain veneers restorations fabricated from two types of CAD/CAM ceramic blocks bonded to teeth with or without composite class V composite filling.Forty eight sound, crack - free human maxillary first premolar extracted for orthodontic reasons were selected for this study. Teeth were divided randomly into.2 main groups, which further divded into 2 groups (12 sample each). Group A1 : IPS e.max CAD veneers with standardized class V composite filling, Group A2 : IPS e.max CAD veneers, Group B1 : VITA Suprinity veneers with standardized class V composite filling, Group B2 VITA Suprinity veneers. The class V cavities was restored with nanofilled composite (Filtek™ Z350 XT, 3M ESPE). Standard veneer preparations were made using Ceramic veneer burs system (Keramikveneers. de, Komet). All the veneers were milled by CAD/CAM technology (CEREC MC XL, inLab SW 15, Sirona Dental Systems) Composite fillings (groups A1 and B1) were sandblasted with alumina oxide.Porcelain veneers were cemented in place using light - cured resin cement (Rely Veneer Cement, 3M ESPE), Then the specimens were stored at 37? in distilled water for 2 weeks. Then mechanical load cycling (50,000 load cycle of 49 N at 2.5 Hz) and thermocycling procedure (500 cycles of 5 - 55 Co with 20 sec dwell time) were done. The specimens’ crowns were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye for two days, then mounted in clear acrylic before sectioning with a 0.35 mm microtome. Microleakage percentage were recorded using stereomicroscope and ImageJ program. Results were checked for normality of distribution (Kolmogorov - Smirnov test and Shapiro - Wilk test), and were analyzed with twoway ANOVA and independent samples t - tests. Two way ANOVA shows the significant effect of type of ceramic restoration and the highly significant effect of composite filling, however, the interaction between the main factors was non - significant. The results showed that the lowest mean of microleakage percentage was recorded for group A2 (4.6058% ± 1.5091) which considered statistically significant compared to group B2 (6.105%±1.456), and statistically highly significant compared to group A1 (6.6075%±1.3259) while group B1 recorded the highest mean of microleakage percentage (7.3158%±1.38713). In conclusion, the type of ceramic restoration and the presence of class V filling both had significant effects on microleakage of porcelain veneers. IPS e.max CAD veneers had significantly lower microleakage percentages compared to VITA Suprinity veneers. The presence of class V composite filling within the cervical finishing line of porcelain veneers had a highly significant higher microleakage percentage compared to groups without composite filling.

تقيم معارف العناية الذاتية للمرضى المصابين بداء السكري النوع الثاني في مركز السكري في محافظة بابل == Assessment Of Self - Care Knowledge Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients At Diabetic Center In Babylon Governorate

اسم المؤلف: سالم كريم هجول الجبوري

اسم المشرف: سلمى كاظم جهاد

الموضوع العام: الطب

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية التمريض

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اجريت دراسة وصفية (عرضيه مقطعيه) للفترة من 20/10/2015 ولغاية 25/6/2016 من اجل تقييم معارف الرعاية الذاتية لمرضى السكري النوع الثاني في مركز السكري في محافظة بابل. وقد اختيرت عينة هادفة من (120) مريضا باستخدام تقنية اخذ العينات غير الاحتمالية، التي تشمل ا | A descriptive design cross - sectional study has conducted throughout the period of October 20th 2015 to June 25th 2016 in order to assess the self - care knowledge of patients with type II diabetics mellitus at diabetic center in Babylon Governorate. A Purposive sample of (120) subjects were selected throughout the use of non - probability sampling approach, that include patients who were diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus visiting diabetic center in Merjan medical city/ Babylon Governorate. A questionnaire was constructed to achieve the objectives of the present study, comprised of four domains including (50) items. Data was collected from patients attending for or treatment diabetic center in Hilla city through the use of interview technique, during the duty shift for the purpose of receiving health care, each patients' individually interviewed, helped by the researcher and taking a corresponded period of between ( 20 - 25) minutes. The questionnaire was clear and adequate for the measurement of the phenomenon except some adjustments are made on few items according to the experts' suggestions.Reliability of the questionnaire was determined through a pilot study and the validity was achieved through a panel of (16) experts. Data were analyzed through use of the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 20). Reliability was concerned with the consistency and dependability of the research instrument. Determination of internal consistency, reliability of the questionnaire is based on computation of Alpha Cronbach's Correlation Coefficient.The findings of the study indicated that Type II diabetes mellitus age group have old age. Sample less opportunity to read and write.Results of the diabetes mellitus patients demonstrated that sample acceptable level of socio - economic status. Regarding residency it was shown that most Diabetes mellitus type II patients existed in urban areas. study sample was found to score body mass index of overweight feature. Fortunately participants showed a good knowledge about the diabetes mellitus and its complications. In regard to knowledge of sample about self - care it was demonstrated that their achievements were fine. Self - care in diabetes has been defined as an evolutionary process of development of knowledge or awareness by learning to survive with the complex nature of the diabetes in a social context. The recent study summarized that some dietary behaviors need more attention from the patient to regulate and balance the condition, It is interesting to find out that sample study had reached good scores in regard to different issues of self - care except with some exercises and activities related to foot care. As well as current study concluded that Patients' age, levels of education, family history of diabetes and marital status affect their knowledge level as overall. The study recommended that. Patients with chronic diseases like the current one need to be educated in regard to some misconceptions such as treatment of the illness, Although majority of patients know the signs and symptoms of disease, health care facility can help in emphasizing the lack of information in some areas of the subject, Some self - care results show deficits concerning the diet, appropriate strategies such as give priorities to those very vital factors in controlling blood sugar when teaching patients can be used to correct the patients dietary habits. Educational materials or programs designed to assist Patients in practicing some activities to reduce burden of the condition.