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مناخ الاستثمار في العراق للمدة 1997 - 2007 == Climate Investment In Iraq For The Period (1997 - 2007)

اسم المؤلف: خولة رشيج حسن
اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Iraq economy has experienced asignificant shifts in the second half of the last century, as a result of shifting in political level, which was highlighted by the revolution of July 17 to 30. Resulted in it has establishment of a political system characterized by centralized, which leading to control of the puplic sector for the whole economic activity in the country. Despite the improvement that occurred during the seventies,due to increase oil revenues after the nationalization , the situation has not invested optimally, beside,breakiugant the Iran - Iraq war. The subsequentes economic blockade, the followers of misguided policies and ill - considered, which caused several disruptions contributed, because of the huge change of times for Iraq economy. During the second half of the nineties previous Government tried hard to make some adjustments.It proceeded to establish the Commission on investment, Ministry of Planning, reflecting the trends and new U.S.investment,especially Arab and foreign investments. But these directions and policies have not been stable, because of the conditions that prevailed at that time.After the fall of the former regime in Iraq in 2003 the successive governments adopte new direction aimed to develop the Iraqi economy by stimulating investment, both domestic and foreign investment ,that had been established through the issused Investment code No.(13)for the year 2006.The process of attracting investment is based primarily on the availability of investment climate characterized by political and economic stability and provide the infrastructure as well as the availability of legal stability and other things contained in thenvironment or investment climate.

استعمال اساليب السلاسل الزمنية للتنبؤ بالتضخم الشهري في العراق للسنوات 2017 - 2021 == Using Time Series Models To Forecasting The Monthly Inflation In Iraq For (2017 - 2021)

اسم المؤلف: خوله جعفر احمد
اسم المشرف: فارس طاھر حسن الكواز
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء التطبيقي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يشكل التضخم عائقا امام تنمية الدولة لما يقع عليه من اضرار اقتصادية واجتماعية لذا تحرص الدول على متابعة سلوكه احصائيا من اجل اخذ الحيطة والحذر والحيلولة دون ارتفاعه عن طريق اتخاذ القرارات السليمة ورسم السياسات الكفوءة.لذا يهدف البحث الى ايجاد افضل انموذ | Inflation forms an obstacle to the country's development because due to its influence on the economic and social damage, so the state is keen to follow up on its conduct statistically in order to take caution and prevent rising through sound decision - making and efficient fee policies.So research aims to forecast the inflation rates Through a series of inflation on the one hand and a series of indices on the other hand, for the period (Jan 2017 - Dec 2021) and reaching any strings best in the prediction by models (Box - Jenkins) and based on the indices data for the period (Jan 2009 - Dec 2015), through the modeling of the data in accordance with the methodology (Box - Jenkins) to build models starting from the diagnosis stage and the ending in the stage to predicting forecasting ,so several types of (ARIMA) models have been proposed, including choosing the most appropriate model specimen , according to the trade - off criteria (RMSE, MAPE , BIC, AIC, Schwarz, Hannan - Quinn), then used the possible greatest function in the estimation of the model specimen parameters, it has conducted tests (Ljung - Box, test my own confidence and Normal distribution of errors test) to determine the appropriateness of the model diagnosed, and then made a future forecasts according to the model, specimen It is better to get of the results based on the ready softwares (SPSS - 22) and the program (Gretl - 1.1) and the results that have been reached were, series of inflation rates stable in mean ,seires indices of consumer prices is'nt stable, where it has a general trend stabilized after taking the first difference and depending on the test (Augmented Dickey Fuller), and was reached that the best model for forecasting inflation of inflation series is a specimen ARIMA (0,0,2) (1,0,1)12 and using the indices series is a model ARIMA (0,1, 2) (1,0,0) 12 and if we make a comparison between the two models forecasting predictions concluded that the forecasting prediction by using a series of inflation gives better results than using the indices to predict a series where the average to smooth the predicted average inflation closer to the original series and therefore, the predictive values of rates inflation closer to the values of the original series viewing And that curve prediction of a series of inflation rates better than the curve predictions using the indces as he gave finer predictions and longer periods of time.

دور القواعد القانونية في الحد من جرائم الوظيفة العامة : حالة دراسية في وزارة البيئة == The Role of The Legal Rules To The Reduction of Public Office Crimes (Search In The Office of The Inspector General of The Ministry of Environment)

اسم المؤلف: خنساء جواد حسين
اسم المشرف: محمد احمد حمد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاداء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الى تغطية البيانات للفترة من 2010 الى 2014 في وزارة البيئة وتشخيص بعض الظواهر السلبية التي تم الكشف عنها خلال تلك السنوات وقياس فجوة تطبيق القواعد القانونية من قبل الادارة والخاصة بالمخالفات والجرائم الواقعة على الوظيفة العامة والمرتكبة من قبل | The goal of the research is to diagnose some of the negative phenomena which was discovered through the period from (2010 to 2014) as determined by the national strategy to eliminate the corruption which was set out by the joint council of the corruption elimination in Iraq. And to measure the gap in applying the legal rules by the administration, concerning the misconducts and felonies upon the state employments made by the state employee and how far they are applied in the studied sample and to show the nature of the rules and their importance and their role when they are applied in scientific and expertise manner. And to encourage the offices of the general supervisors to adhere to them which will lead to the reduction of administrational and financial corruption which is inflicting the state employments, and to achieve distinguished monitoring level to achieve their goals in eliminating the corruption. The point of the research is to identify if there's an application for the legal rules that governs the state employments in an appropriate manner by the administration, and how much did their application had reduced the corruption financially and adminsterationally?. And to reach the goals of the research, three proposals have been made. Then applying the case study at the general supervisor's office of the environment ministry. And gathering the information and the data by : The annual reports issued by the general inspector's office between ( 2010 - 2014 ) Following a checklist made for the purpose of the research. The presumptions of the research was tested by nominal economical tools like ( the mean value, and, the standard deviation )The research came to conclusions, a remarkable one of them is, the application of the legal rules in scientific and studied manner by specialized employees in administration associated with the spread of awareness about legal texts which control the state employment has reduced misconducts and felonies in state jobs. As a result of the research some recommendations were made , most important, the administration of the researched office must emphasize on giving training and developing courses on a continuous basis for the employees on the level of the ministry an the office to explain the rules that governs the state jobs, and the rules of behavior of the jobs. And explaining the rights and duties of the employees to rise the level and quality of the employee performance. And increasing the awareness in the legal education for the employees, with assessment of their performance in the jobs. Which will play a role in reducing management misconducts due to the lack of knowledge and ambiguity in the legal base which controls the job. And emphasizing on the legislators to provide independence in work for general supervisors offices and their disconnection with their subordinates in decision making. To ensure they do their role in eliminating the corruption independently, unbiased and without the effects of external sides.

تاثير الهيكل التنظيمي واللاتاكد البيئي في فاعلية بعض كليات جامعة بغداد والكليات الاهلية : دراسة ميدانية == The Effect of Organizational Structure & Environment Uncertinity On Effictiveness In Some Baghdad College & Privat College - Afield Study

اسم المؤلف: خمائل طالب طه مهدي الرسول
اسم المشرف: صلاح محمود عبد الكريم الرحيم
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة عامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد الهيكل التنظيمي خير الية تعتمدها المنظمة للموائمة والانسجام بين طبيعة العوامل الموقفية (التكنولوجية، البيئة، الحجم، الاهداف )وبين الظروف الداخلية للمنظمة. والهيكل الافضل هو القادر على التوفيق ما بين العوامل الموقفية والعوامل الداخلية للمنظمة. | In Time That Was The Environment Have Become Complex & Uncertain That Necessitate Paying More Attention To The Organization Structure. So That Managers Often Assess The Uncertainty In External Environment of Their Organization When Considering Design. They Can Design The Organization TO Increase Information About The Environment & Make The Organization More Flexible In The Response To The Environment The Existing Structure May Fail To Signal Mangers That A decision Is Needed Now Because of Such Environmental Changes.This Research Deals With The Effect of The Environment Uncertainty In The Organization Structure, & The Relation Both of Theme In The Organization EffectivenessThe Research Aims To Evaluate The Dimension of Organization Structure In The Universities of Public & Private Sector. The Research Had Used Auctioneer To Measure The Dimension of Organization Structure (Formulation, Centrality, Complexity), Dimensions of Environment Uncertainty (Change, Complexity, THE Environment Richens), Environment Interdependence & Organization Effectiveness. The Research Involves Sixth Chapters, The First Contains the General Framework of Research, While The Second Involves Specified For Study &Analysis of Organization Structure, Environment Uncertainty, The Organization Effectiveness, & The Analysis of Relation between : The Environment Uncertainty With Organization Structure, & Organization Effectiveness, The Third, Forth, &Fifth Chapters Deals With The Practice Framework of Research.The Researcher Had Use The Regression, Frequencies & “Sperman” Correlation To Measure The Variables of Research, The Sixth Chapter Deals With The Most Important Conclusion & Recommendation For This Research.

تقلبات سعر صرف الدينار العراقي للمدة من عام 1996 لغاية منتصف عام 2005 والتنبؤ بسعره في المستقبل باستخدام سلاسل ماركوف == Fluctuating of The Iraqi Dinerexchange Rate Since 1996 Until Mid 2005 And Forecasting It In The Future By Using Markov Chains

اسم المؤلف: خليل برهان الدين فرمان السعدي
اسم المشرف: صباح منفي رضا الشمري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان هذا البحث هو دراسة احصائية اقتصادية في مجال سعرالصرف بدراسته من عام 1996 لغاية منتصف عام 2005، ويتلخص بهذه العبارة (( الحاضر جني الماضي والمستقبل غرس الحاضر)) وهو محاولة متواضعة لبلورة هذا السعرفي اسلوب علمي احصائي، وكانت سلاسل ماركوف خير معبرعن ذلك | This research is considered as a first statistical and economic study in the field of Exchange rate during the period from 1996 till midd 2005. It could be summarized with this sentence (present is the fruit of the past and the future is the plantation of present). Markov chains was used as a scientific statistical method in forecasting process being one of the easiest models. When the data at present is represented in three conditions (i.e high, low, and stable) and between the past, present and future, it was possible to achieve the ideal method in the analysis by using Maximum Likelihood method and Ordinary Least Square method in estimating transitional probabilities matrix. The probability values have been put for all stages and for both methods in one table. The period was divided to three phases according to the political circumstances in Iraq in addition to general phase. The results of the matrices were clean and independent when multiplied by (n) times as shown in attached annexes and in stationary distribution vector, when the probability values were stable for the three cases in definite number and for each phase. The conclusions achieved in the third phase and the possible study to rise Iraqi Diner value to a certain level has been coincided. Finally , the study submitted some useful recommenda - tions.

قياس وتحليل دالة الطلب على النقود في العراق في الامد الطويل والقصير في اطار التكامل المشترك == Measuring And Analyzing The Demand Function For Money In Iraq For Long - Term And Short - Term Under The Co - Integration Framework

اسم المؤلف: خليل اسماعيل عزيز
اسم المشرف: سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد الطلب على النقود احد طرفي التوازن النقدي الذي يشكل عرض النقود طرفه الاخر من المتغيرات النقدية الاساسية التي تم التركيز عليها في النظريات النقدية , وتكتسب دراسة وتحليل دالة الطلب على النقود اهمية خاصة سواء في الاقتصاديات المتقدمة ام النامية, وتساهم هذ | The demand for cash as one of the main variables in the cash theory is one of the two sides of money equilibrium which the supply for cash is the other side. The demand for cash model has special importance in the developed and developing countries equally. This dissertation aims to study and estimating the demand for cash and the effecting factors in Iraq for the period from 1990 - 2014. The cash for demand model was estimated by using (ARDL) and bound test to test the Cointegration and the long - run and short - run between the demand for cash in Iraq as a depended variable which is determined by bunch explanatory variables i.e. Gross Domestic Product in fixed prices(GDP), nominal interest rate, inflation rate and Iraqi Dinar rate of Exchange. The relationship among the variables was examined by Impulse Response Function (IRF) through which the internal variable shock impact will be measured in VAR model on the present and future values. The Johansen test results came out to confirm integrated direction relationship of one of the study variables whether using Trace Test or Maximum Eigenvalue test , as the estimated value was found to be greater than the critical value for both the cases at the significant level (p=0.007) for Trace Test and (p=0.018) for Maximum test, which indicates the long - run equilibrium relationship among the study variables and subsequently indicates integrated direction relationship between the real demand for money as a dependent variable and the other explanatory variables. The study is also confirms a short - run equilibrium among the study variables in direction of long - run equilibrium according to the error rectification model and the short - run relationship under ARDL model. The results of the long - run relationship between of the demand for money and its limitations came out to confirm the short - run relationship, and in other side the estimated value of ARDL test according to (SUSUMSQ) and (CUSUM) as it's within the critical area, therefore, the variables are stable for both the short - run and the long - run.

اثر المناخ التنظيمي في عملية الابداع : دراسة ميدانية في عينة من المنظمات الانتاجية في محافظة البصرة == Effects of Organization Climate In Innovation Process Logistic Study For Sample Productive Organizations In Basrah Governorate

اسم المؤلف: خليل ابراهيم عيسى الخالدي
اسم المشرف: محمد عبود طاهر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: the aim of this study is to discover the effect of organization climate in innovation organization process in the productive organizations in Basrah.hrough analysis and diagnosis the defect and power points in thecorrelation among the varables either independent or main and the variable accredited the organization innovation as shown by the analysis of the importance of sub - variables form each main variable.the study has been made for a pattern of directors, engineers , technicians,creators in protective organizations Basrah.his study is depended upon three main hypotheses and sextracted other sub - hypotheses as the researcher used the descriptive manner in the theoretical aspect and statistical analysis in the application one. For this turn , it is developed controlled and tested questionnaire form.the study concluded the importance of organizational climate and its effect in innovation at the protective organization. All the correlations among the dimensions of organization climate and the variable accredited the organziation innovation are an importance and positive correlations. Also, the study recommended on the importance of organization climate and its active role in organization innovation espeially at the protective organizations ( of electric and industry sectors in Basrah).

مقارنة اساليب بيز مع طرائق اخرى لتقدير منحنى الانحدار اللامعلمي == A Comparison of Bayesian Approaches With Other Methods For Estimating Nonparametric Regression Curve

اسم المؤلف: خلود يوسف خمو يوسف
اسم المشرف: ظافر حسين رشيد النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: لقد شهدت طرائق الانحدار اللامعلمي اهتماما ملحوظا في السنوات الاخيرة كان السبب في ذلك هو ان التفكير المعلمي الصرف المستخدم في تقدير منحنى الانحدار لا يتوافق مع المرونة في تحليل البيانات.ومع التطور المنجز في اجهزة الحواسيب من الناحية المادية وكذلك انجاز | In recent years, too many considerations have been given for the Nonparametric Regression methods. This is for the reason that the concept of pure parametric; used for the estimation of Regression curve, does not cope well with the flexibility needed for data analysis.With the progress made in computer machines, in terms of economy and running performance, it has become possible to develop many of Nonparametric Regression methods theoretically. Though many of these are still under perfection, and facing a number of problems.Hence we see the importance of focusing on methods related to smoothing of Nonparametric Regression functions. This is for the purpose of producing the best methods convenient for various models. And for the Distribution Random error, in its two cases; Normal and Contaminated. Thus, the most important purpose of the research, is to find what the studies so far, have offered in the field of Nonparametric Regression. Also to find alternative or modified methods; which are reliable for the treatment of conditions of failure regarding the methods in use, as well as to alleviate the complexity of some methods, especially those related to Bayesian procedures.One of the most outstanding aims of the research focuses on the study of Nonparametric Regression using Bayesian variable selection. This suggests a modified technique to be reliable and of less complexity than the original one.Amongst the other research intentions, when data are contaminated with outliers, is to explore the Robust Nonparametric Regression, using Bayesian variable selection method. Also to suggest a modified Bayesian method; resistant to outliers, and of less complexity than before transformation. As well as offering suggested methods for Robust Nonparametric Regression. This is of the feature of having less sensitivity towards outliers and reliable in comparison to very few techniques supplied with robustness, as the Bayesian approach.A simulation model has been performed with different distributions, for the random error and for a number of models.To verify the performance of such methods, many criteria have been carried out.To satisfy the purpose of this research, the study has been divided into five chapters. Chapter I consists of an introduction, the problem under research, its importance and purposes. It also covers a literature survey. Chapter II covers methods for smoothing Nonparametric Regression. While chapter III is devoted for Nonparametric Regression and Robust Nonparametric Regression using Bayesian variable selection method. Also in this chapter are details of the suggested methods. Then chapter IV implements the experimental part of the study. Finally chapter V comprises the conclusions and suggestions that the research has recommended. As well as the future studies, which have been proposed regarding this research.

واقع اجراءات الرقابة المخزنية للحد من التسرب الدوائي : دراسة استطلاعية في مستشفى الكاظمية التعليمي == Reality of Inventory Control Procedures To Prevent Leakage of Drug An Exploratory Study In Al - Kadhemyia Educational Hospital

اسم المؤلف: خلود كريم عبد كبة
اسم المشرف: سعدون حمود جثير الربيعاوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد تسرب الدواء من قبل العاملين في المنظمات الصحية التي يعملون فيها، من الممارسات السلبية التي لم تعد خافية او يمكن انكارها، والتي اثرت على المخزون الدوائي في المستشفيات، ولخصوصية المستشفيات كمنظمات خدمية تعمل على مدار الساعة، وتتعامل مع حياة الناس، ولكون | The leakage of the drug by those working in health organizations in which they work, the negative practices that are no longer hidden or be denied, and which has affected the stock drug in hospitals, private hospitals as organizations service working around the clock, dealing with people's lives, and the fact that stock drug is Lifeline hospital and we find without Health Organization has stopped working somewhat, it was important to search for inventory control systems and their role in reducing dropout pharmaceuticals.The problem for research in the phenomenon of leakage of the drug from the Health Organization in several ways, which is a kind of theft, the importance of research stems from the importance of the activity of the Organization of health in society and in particular on the aspect of medical and humanitarian and economic reasons, as well as the importance of good efficient and effective system oversight and control of this stock activity in health, and a statement following a leak of medicine Health Organization to highlight the phenomenon of drug shortages and their impact on the health of citizens.Researcher concluded by searching a number of conclusions, most notably : The stores Pharmaceuticals in general is perhaps the less leakage of the medication, even though it contains more stocks therapy in the hospital. And some hospital staff at all levels of scientific and management are leaking medicine to outside health care. also gone out of the researcher's recommendations including : the need to work control regimes inventory and the introduction of modern technology (computer), and the introduction of workers in the stores cycles of modern techniques in the management of warehouses, and the need to have the senior management of the organization of health knowledge management side in addition to the medical address the phenomena of corruption and confusion that filled by some organizations of health.

اعتماد تقنيات حديثة في نظام ادارة الكلفة لتطوير اعداد الموازنات التشغيلية : دراسة تطبيقية في الشركة العامة للصناعات الصوفية == Depending New Technique For Cost Management To Development Preparation of Operating Balances Practical Study In General Company For Wool Industry

اسم المؤلف: خلود عاصم وناس
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Many challenges have been surrounding the modern works environment such as competent characteristic، globalize، continuous improvement، information technology and others, which deserve reaction in order to stay within the competencecircle and achieve decisive success. Therefore we must focus the light on the computer future information in which the administrative computer in genera which save these information.As far as the operating balances as an instrument to observe the future , it should work and harmonize with environment situations changes , especially we are living in the technology revolutionary era.The integration of commercial & financial markets is the main motive which pushed towards open competition , that lead to review the technique of cost administration system.therefore a change is made from traditional costs to aimed at costs.The researcher has focused on some new used technology to prepare the employment balances (Activity Based accounting ‘ continuous improvement، aimed at costs، Kaizen costs، reengineering the operation ) , and how comply with in the IRAQI environment.Some believe that there is the ability to continue making the traditional employment balances, but globization of the environment, and abate the influence of local environment changes on the industry, will force us nowadays more than any other times to proceed forward using modern technique, because our relatively small company works today according to world system.There fore the researcher creates the proposed treatment for how develop the preparation of the employment balances according to the modern technique for costs administration system. In order to achieve this study , we divide it to five chapters to cover both sides , theoretical and practical.Chapter one is specialized for displaying of research program and the previous studies through two researches ; first one is dedicated with methodology of the research and the second is dedicated for previous studies.Chapter two is specialized for studying the system of costs administration and its technique , which is focused in both researches on : first is dedicated to study the system of costs administration ; the second is dedicated to study the technologies of the system of costs administration and its methods for achieving the strategy of economy unity. Chapter three; is dealing with the role of the costs administration system in preparing the employment balances through two researches ; first is dealing with the concept ofemployment balances and how prepare them , the second is dealing with the technique of system of the costs administration to prepare the employment balances.Chapter (four); is dedicated to study the actual performance of the wool industry company through two researches ; first research is dedicated to the presentation of the company and its production operations and organizational structure in general, and mechanical carpet victory particularly ; the second research is dedicated for studying the use of some technique of system of the costs administration to prepare employment balances.Chapter (five); is dedicated to display the conclusions and recommendations which were reached according to the practical and theoretical studies.

علاقة الانماط السلوكية لشخصية المدير باتخاذ القرارات الادارية في المنظمات الصحية في دائرة مدينة الطب : دراسة تحليلية

اسم المؤلف: خلود سليم حسن الحمداني
اسم المشرف: عبد الرحمن الملا
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جاء البحث لتوضيح علاقة الانماط السلوكية لشخصية المدير باتخاذ القرارات الادارية في المنظمات الصحية للعاملين فيها من ذوي المهن الطبية وذلك عن طريق الدراسة الاستطلاعية التحليلية التي تمت في مستشفيات دائرة مدينة الطب والمراكز التابعة لها، حيث توصلنا الى ان ال

تقويم اداء مراكز المسؤولية باستعمال اساس الانشطة : دراسة تطبيقية في الشركة العامة لصناعة الزيوت النباتية (مصنع المامون)

اسم المؤلف: خضير مجيد علاوي
اسم المشرف: جليلة عيدان حليحل الذهبي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The performance evaluation regarded very important process because of the management's need to the periodical & continues evaluation for its different activities, especially they face many problems in using it's recourses in an active & efficient manner.The responsibility accounting system had been used as a result for the development in economic environment as a tool for control & performance evaluation.so in order to achieve its objectives the responsibility accounting system must depend upon a modern accounting system in evaluating responsibility centers.This research aims to show deficits sides in evaluating responsibility centers beside improving the methods & techniques of performance evaluation by using activities base, depending on ABC & ABM information, by applying & testing in the general company for the vegetables industry (ALmaamoon factory).This research consists five chapters : The first chapters had allocated to show the research methodology & the previous studies through its two sections.The second chapter had allocated as an introduce to performance evaluation of responsibility centers through its three.The third chapter had deal with activities base & performance evaluation of responsibility centers through its three sections.The fourth chapter had allocated to the practical side through its three sections.Finally the fifth chapter summarized the major conclusions and presented some recommendations that relate to the study aria through its two sections

مقارنة طرائق تقدير دالة المعولية للتوزيع الاسي الخليط مع تطبيق عملي == Comprastion Between Methots Estimator Reliability Function of Of A Mixture Exponential Distribution With A Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: خضر نصيف جاسم البياتي
اسم المشرف: عبد المجيد حمزة الناصر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الاهتمام المتزايد في دراسة نماذج الفشل جاء نتيجة للدور الذي تضطلع به نظريه المعوليه ودالة الاخفاق بالتعامل مع الاعمار لدراسة ومعرفه سلوك اوقات الفشل في الزمن اللاحق, وتعتبر المعولية احد المقاييس للتعبيرعن اداء اي مفرد او نظام لفترة قادمة لذلك تعد المعو | Reliability theory and Hazard function have played a great role in the rapid interest in the study of failure models. These theories deal with the study of ages to investigate and study the behavior failure time at posterior time. Reliability theory is one of those standards that show the performances of any unite for an expected period of time. It is also considered an indicator for future planning.Accordingly, reliability theory is adopted to study and analyze behavior of failures and the factors behind such failures. To achieve this, the parameter estimators of failure models, with good prosperities and efficiency, are required to count the reliability estimation. Therefore, it is of keen significance to study the methods and techniques for getting the parameter estimators of failure including the parameter estimations of a mixture failure model. These estimations have a great role in reproducing complex cases of non - homogeneous populations. Like the importance of the normal distribution for biological studies, the exponential model is considered of a great significance for the study of failure models.The study aims to estimate the reliability function by employing various methods to estimate the model parameter exponential mixture. To achieve this objective, this study is divided into four chapters. Chapter I shows the introduction and the literature review. Chapter II defines some key concepts of the topic; it also presents the theoretical framework for the employed methods of estimation for a number of parameter estimator method’s complete sample of a mixture of two exponential distributions with different two parameter and percentage p. them of normal school such as Maximum likelihood method estimator and symbolizes her short (ML) and the method of moments and symbolized short (MO) and the least squares method and symbolizes her short(LS) and the least squares weighted and symbolized short (WL) and propose application Bayesian Method using (Lindley' s approximation) of this mixture distribution as not used in Iraq (by informed researcher) and study the behavior of a function failure rate for this distribution using expression w(t) which is also taught for the first time in Iraq, according to the informed researcher. Chapter III is divided into two sections. The first section includes the application of imitation style for generating data and performing a sample application based on the theoretical background. The second section reports about a field work on one of the public institutions for electrical industry. Chapter IV shows the results and conclusion of this study. It also suggests some recommendations for future research.

تاثير الرؤية الستراتيجية في ضمان وتحسين جودة الرعاية الصحية المقدمة في المستشفيات المتخصصة : دراسة استطلاعية في مستشفى الجراحات التخصصية == The Effect Strategic Vision On Improvement Health Care Quality Provide By Assurance That Specialized Hospital Case Study In Specialized Surgical Hospital

اسم المؤلف: خالدة سلمان سعد
اسم المشرف: رغد محمد نجم الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The aim of this research is to know the role of strategic vision in the quality of health services which are introduced to the patients and its improvement.This study is designed for future administration and as a source of belonging to work by health provided through a researcher work in health institution so she found “the researcher” different problems mainly absence of scientific knowledge of strategic vision and of the efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness of strategic vision. The study depends on questionnaire and distributed on the leaderships of medical and managerial persons which included general information and variables of strategic vision.The research included four parts about conception of strategic vision and Health care quality and improvement.ConclusionThe straight of strategic vision its effective on improvement of health services.Advisement The most important advice is the connection between element strategic vision and quality of assurance of health services and how benefit this connection in further plain and hospital in order to provide a better health services.

مستقبل الدولة الريعية في العراق == Future of Revenue State In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: خالد مطر مشاري
اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Iraq Oil occupies a big strategic importance in both , external and internal levels. However on the external level , Iraq possesses a huge oil reserve for this reason , it is classified in the place after both Saudi Arabia and Iran.Moreover it is expected that Iraq shall be the main financer of the global oil Market and the oil experts expect that many oil field will be discovered.especially in wide areas of Iraqi lands. These areas are undiscovered lands ,which have not been excreted or searched. Thus the period of the Iraqi oil production will last longer theirs expected.The strategic importance of the Iraqi oil increased hugely because of increasing global need that accompanies the continuous economic growth this is on one hand. On there other hand the decreasing of reserve oil as well as there have not been discovered a new oil field.On the internal level the oil imports enjoys with great importance in the total production and the oil exports dominate on the total exports form as well as it is considered the main foreign currencies and the general imports.Consequently it plays a vital role as the most important source of the economic development in Iraq and identify the different effects.Since the oil incomes in Iraq economics , Iraq has got the feature of the revenue state. Thus it is naturally the state can control and run this sector.The state developed it is role to run oil revenues and the methods of investment. Iraq find itself however facing a lot of external and internal challenges through the ability of income sources variety and attempt to reduce the rate of independence on oil incomes because source and the external challenges representive by how the state running the oil sector in order to reduce the effects of different external impacts on Iraqi economy.Although the Iraqi oil has a strategic importance in Iraqi economy but rather it has social and economical costs that the Iraqi society as well as economy and the revenue state has a vital role to stabilize and deepen it is tracks. The future of Iraqi economy depends to a great rang on how the state runs the oil worth , whether it was through production joint contracts in Iraq or through the state control remain on oil sector.

سبل تطبيق نظام الحوكمة في مجلس محافظة ديالى == Ways of Implementing The Corporate Governance System In The Provincial Councils

اسم المؤلف: خالد محمد امين العزاوي
اسم المشرف: عبد الناصر علك حافظ
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة محلية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد تجربة مجالس المحافظات تجربة جديدة على مجتمعنا ولاسيما بعد التغييرات التي حصلت بعد 9 نيسان 2003 وما تبعه من تشكيل لهذه المجالس والتي تعد الممثل الحقيقي لابناء الوحدات المحلية والمحافظات من اجل تسهيل الاجراءات وتقديم الخدمات للمواطنين ولكن هذه التجربة ل | The experience of the provincial councils new experience on our society, especially after the changes that took place after April 9, 2003 and the subsequent formation of these councils, which are the true representative of the people of the local units and the provinces in order to facilitate the procedures and the provision of services to citizens, but this experience was not without some mistakes in the application and implementation and lack of the use of modern methods in the process of providing services and the adoption of the old traditional ways and constant routine, which was and still suffers from the citizen, so we tried in our research that shed light on these mistakes and what are the problems of the Diyala provincial council and what are the strengths and weaknesses enjoyed by the Council. The most important of these problems is the weakness of the administrative and organizational structure of these boards and the lack of interest in the application of corporate governance and its mechanisms, characteristics and importance in facilitating procedures and reduce red tape and speed in the completion of transactions, because the survival of the contemporary and modern themes (governance) without research and analysis of the survey will miss the opportunity on the provincial council to take advantage of legibility intellectual to improve and create boards or active and influential organizations and will continue their activities and their effectiveness is characterized by being routinely as would be unable to achieve adaptation and rapid response to the requirements of the data environment in which it operates in the framework of Diyala provincial council, as well as the lack of a clear strategy in the work of the Diyala provincial council in the medium and long term every direction changes surrounding it, as well as the limited attention of the Board of Directors of the need and the importance of the adoption of the application system of governance in all parts, and the people of the Council, and of the goals of this research is to stand on the most important administrative weaknesses and make proposals to strengthen and resolution as well as the proposal of a new organizational structure for the provincial council in line with corporate governance requirements and laws, the importance of the subject of governance, which is one of the most effective trends to evaluate and assess the performance, especially in light of establishing control system and smart follow - up to translate the performance criteria under which targets corporate governance, have been addressed in this research to some of the questions which you can apply the governance of the Diyala provincial council requirements? Is the advantage of the organizational structure of the provincial council complex or flexible? Does the possibility of the development of the Council's work in line with developments in the rake of government services to the people of the province are available? And that of the main conclusions reached by the researcher is, variation application governance requirements levels in accordance with the organizational level and the importance of function at the level of the Council, and that it is the most important application of governance begins devoutly Council administration in adopting the principles of corporate governance requirements, and help governance to determine the needs of the organization of the training and development of personnel programs workers in the Council, as well as help the governance councils to increase management's ability to control their employees, and strengthening the role of citizens is through communication with them and follow up on complaints about the Council's work, and that the most important proposals and recommendations included the need to increase attention to governance, tools and mechanisms and their targets because of their impact significantly to the success of the Council in its accomplishment, and the need for the Council to attract workers who have the scientific background to strong for the transfer of information and knowledge among all personnel in the Council, and adopt corporate governance requirements as to enhance the effective contribution of the citizens of the delivery of their opinion to the responsible parties in the province, and the longer these proposals the recommendations are very important reached by a researcher at the end of his research in order to enhance the work of the Diyala provincial council and development in order to provide better services to citizens and a record time

ابعاد الجودة في السيطرة على عدوى المستشفيات المكتسبة في عينة من المستشفيات العراقية

اسم المؤلف: خالد كاظم عبد الامير
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان موضوع البحث (ابعاد الجودة في السيطرة على عدوى المستشفيات المكتسبة لعينة من المستشفيات العراقية) هو اكبر من ان يغنيه بحث او تشبعه رسالة او اطروحة لما يحمل مابين طياته من افاق وابعاد تحتاج الى تظافر جهود العديد من المتخصصين والباحثين في العلوم الطبية وال

امكانية قيام الوحدة النقدية الخليجية في ضوء تجربة الوحدة النقدية الاوربية

اسم المؤلف: خالد عبد الحميد عبد المجيد العبدلي
اسم المشرف: ايمان عبد خضير الغريباوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

قياس مدى تلبية مخرجات الهيئة التمريضية لمتطلبات سوق العمل : بحث ميداني في كلية التمريض == Measure The Output of Nursing Staff To Meet The Requirements of The Labor Market (Field Research In Nursing College)

اسم المؤلف: خالد حليم حسن الاعرجي
اسم المشرف: صبيحة قاسم هاشم الاعرجي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد مهنة التمريض من المهن الطبية التي تحتل دورا مهما في مجتمع اليوم ويعد التمريض من العلوم والمهن التي ارتفع الاهتمام بها وبشكل مطرد في العالم الغربي حتى اصبح من الضروري مواكبة هذا التطور، كما ويشكل التطور الانتاجي وتحديث الخدمات الى زيادة الطلب على | The nursing profession is one of the medical profession, which occupies an important role in today's society and the science of nursing and professions that interest them, and rose steadily in the Western world until it became necessary to keep pace with this development, as a productive development and modernization of services to increase the demand for labor. The research aims to understand the relationship between the demand for nursing staffs and outputs of University College of Nursing. As well as understanding the relationship between the demand for health service staffs and the demand for nursing staffs, and provides a better understanding of the determinants of the demand for nursing staffs and those affecting the output of the Faculty of Nursing. The aging of the nursing staffing crisis causes a lack of staffing and the nursing shortage crisis, increasing the leaving is not registered or recognized and even in the case of compensation during the current lack of employment there is the problem of shortage of nursing faculty to teach these new educational programs through appropriate nursing. The resort of many countries after a certain periods of development in which to encourage the demand for a particular type of services and this applies to the health service embodied the demand for professional staff nursing and this is what tries to find proven by chapters of the four included in research starting from the first chapter, which includes a detailed methodology and previous studies, which indicate clearly poverty Arabic studies in this area while reflecting the amount of interest in the West and foreign universities in this field. The second chapter is a theoretical framework for the study and divided into two sections includes a first output College of Nursing in terms of the evolution and definition as well as the determinants and impact on the output while the register the second section the definition of the labor market nursing, which unfortunately lacks Iraq's most basic principles in the context of supply and demand employment, especially in relation to nursing staffs in order to adopt the Iraqi Health Ministry on the appointment of the central objection may reflect an implicit and an attempt to absorb the graduates of schools, institutes and colleges of nursing and also includes the topic and specific factors affecting the demand for nursing staffs. `The third chapter has dealt with methods of data collection and analysis based on the resolution of the stomach. Out Search a set of results such as lack of vision real with the students of the College of Nursing of the nature of the nursing profession applied also found that there are strategies reflect a shared vision between the reality of a basket of skill to fulfill the College of Nursing through training programs and teaching in it, which is a weakness in recognizing the nature of education and training in the College of Nursing, which should correspond to the needs of the labor market. this and that the labor market has a vision more clearly from the College of Nursing, which does not take into account the relationship between the staffs at their disposal and the increase in the plan acceptance, which leads us to the need to have a representative of the labor market in Board of the Faculty of Nursing and scientific departments contribute to the unification of visions and perceptions of the reality of acceptance and the necessary skills and quality of output and to build a College of Nursing vision and mission based on analysis of data from the external environment and what is involved in the opportunities and challenges of the factors of strength of its infrastructure and Mlakatha operating and technological capabilities.

واقع التنويع الاقتصادي ومتطلباته في ظل سياسات التحول في العراق للمدة 1970 - 2008 == Reality of Economical Variety And Its Requirements In Change Politics In Iraq During (1970 - 2008)

اسم المؤلف: خالد جميل كامل
اسم المشرف: مانع حبش الطعمة
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The issue of multisource of income is considered to be very important in developing countries especially in Iraq and Arab countries, where the economical strategies used in those countries failed to achieve this goal as it failed to create national economy core able to steadily survive and grow up for long time. The Iraqi experiment shows that its economy fully depends on its oil revenues in treating all existing problems whether it is social, economic or political problems. Consequently , instead of developing and increase economical sectors which will prepare the country gradually to be self - dependent regardless of depleted oil wealth, they (i.e.developing countries) involved in polices and measures that led to exhaust most available energies and turn away from productive sectors, so it is not only failed to create new productive activity but they cause to make all existing traditional activities to be stumbled in those countries such agricultural and trade sectors and othersin addition to aggravate the imbalance framework like high rate of employment in governmental sector.Therefore, multisource is very necessary and urgent in Iraq which coincide with the increasing demand on oil economically which it is very important to find substitutions that can redeveloped and able to reduce the dependence on oil revenues influence on Iraqi economy and then create real wealth that capable to be durable and face external crisis which national economy may subject to as what happen by the end of 2008.To achieve this goal, we should reconsider the measures and strategies acted by Iraqi government in past years after it has become obvious that those strategies unable to improve the economical performance and the welfare of the society in spite of all potentials of which the oil resources make it possible to happen. All that should accompany by creating national strategy which determine the basic priorities in the field of reform and economical variety work side by side with required will to achieve this goal. Thus these, two conditions (the transparency of strategy and willingness availability) considered to be very important otherwise all efforts seek to diverse the production resources and increase revenue sources will be obviously failed.

التحليل النوعي للبيانات في القوائم المالية المنشورة للمصارف التجارية لغرض تقو م الاداء : دراسة تطبيقية في مصرف الشرق الاوسط العراق للاستثمار للسنوات 1998 - 2002 == Qualitative Analysis of The Data In The Published Financial Statements of Commercial Banks For The Purpose of The Evaluation of Performance : An Applied Study of The Iraqi Mideast Bank For Investment (1998 - 2002)

اسم المؤلف: خالد جبار سوادي محمد الظالمي
اسم المشرف: فاضل حنتوش عبد الله المحسن
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Qualitative analysis of the published financial data is very important to know about the actual performance of the economic unit. Such analysis depends on evaluating the type of policies ,principles and techniques of the accountancy that are employed toprepare the financial data so as to extract the financial indicators that measure performance.This study aims at displaying the contents of the published financial statements and the criticism directed to them. Then , the study tackles the concept of qualitative analysis of the published financial data. It also shows the techniques and the indicators that can be relied on for the process of analysis. Techniques of qualitative analysis are used to reveal the actual performance of the bank under study after making some substantial modifications on the numbers in the account books.The case sample chosen in this study is the Iraqi Mideast Bank for lnvestment because it is a pioneer domestic bank in Iraq.The study arrived at some conclusions ; amongst which is that the published financial statements are considered as an important and principal source of information though they have some defects that limit employing them in the qualitative analysis. Also , it isnecessary to carry out a qualitative analysis of the published financial data for the bank under study here , so as to clarify the principles , the techniques and policies of accountancy that the bank utilized to prepare its financial statements , and to show the degreeof risks surrounding its assets.The study presents somerecommendations that can help the bank measur its actual performance.

جودة الخدمات الصحية ودورها في تحقيق رضا الزبون باستخدام نموذج (5Qs) - بحث تطبيقي في مستشفى بغداد التعليمي == Quality of Health Services And Their Role In Achieving Customer Satisfaction By Using (5Qs) Model - Applied Research In Baghdad Educational Hospital

اسم المؤلف: حيدر منصور كاظم الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: نادية لطفي عبد الوهاب الجنابي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث الى تشخيص مستوى جودة الخدمات الصحية التي تقدمها مستشفى بغداد التعليمي وتحقيق رضا الزبون (المريض) باستعمال انموذج ((5Qs بابعاده الخمسة (جودة الاهداف، جودة العملية، جودة البنية التحتية الاساسية، جودة التفاعل، جودة الشعور العام) المطور من | This research aims to diagnose the quality of health services provided by the Baghdad Teaching Hospital and achieve customer satisfaction (the patient) level using (5Qs) model five dimensions (Quality Objectives, Quality of Process, Quality Infrastructure , Quality of Interaction, Quality of Atmosphere) developed by (Zinelidin, 2006), as well as determine the level of the gap between the dimensions of the model (5Qs) and the reality of health services provided and indicate the order of the dimensions of the model, according to the degree of importance , The research problem is to double the quality of health services assessment systems as well as weakness in identifying customers and their desires needs, and use the (Checklist) as a tool head in the collection of data as well as form questionnaire includes( 13) paragraph to poll customers about the health services provided to them and measure satisfaction with these services totaling (120), as well as the data and information obtained from the records and documents of the hospital with its various sections (technical department, quality department, pharmacy, medical equipment, medical education department), and get the results used some statistical methods including (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentages) , As well as the use of statistical program (SPSS), the research found a set of conclusions, including : 1 - The possibility of the application of model (5Qs) dimensions in the hospital on the quality of health services, measurement of these dimensions has shown good results. 2 - Dimensional arrangement, according to the results sequence of importance (Quality of Process, Quality of Interaction, Quality of Objective , Quality Infrastructure, Quality of Atmosphere ), amounting to total quality (70%), which means the possibility of adopting this model to evaluate the quality of services provided at the hospital. Find the need to adopt the dimensions of the(5Qs) model has been recommended to assess the quality of health services provided to patients within the Baghdad Teaching Hospital, since these dimensions is a modern indicators of some type, which provides a comprehensive assessment of the quality of health service in the hospital

ادارة النفايات الصلبة ودورها في حماية وتحسين البيئة / رؤية استراتيجية : دراسة حالة في بلدية الرشيد

اسم المؤلف: حيدر كامل مشتت يسر
اسم المشرف: لورنس يحيى صالح
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدف البحث هو ايجاد استراتيجيات ملائمة لادارة النفايات الصلبة في بلدية الرشيد التابعة لامانة بغداد باعتماد اليات التخطيط الاستراتيجي تساهم بتقليل التلوث الناجم عن الادارة الحالية والوقوف على خطورة المعالجات الراهنة وانعكاساتها السلبية على البيئة والصحة الع

استخدام البرمجة الديناميكية لحل مشكلة جدولة انتاج متعدد لماكنة منفردة لكلفة خزين متغيرة == Using Dynamic Programming To Solve The Multi - Item Single Machine Scheduling Production Problem For Variable Inventory Cost

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عدنان امير
اسم المشرف: لميعة باقر جواد الجواد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: بحوث العمليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الغرض من هذا البحث هو تطبيق اسلوب البرمجة الديناميكية Dynamic Programming لتخطيط الانتاج لمنتج واحد او اكثر بواسطة ماكنة واحدة ولعدة انواع من دوال الكلفة الخطية والمقعرة والمحدبة. سوف نهتم بتخطيط الانتاج لفترة زمنية مستقبلية تسمى ( فترة التخطيط ) Planning | The purpose from this research is to apply one of operations researches manners and its Dynamic Programming manner, to planning for one manufacturer or more and for many types from linear cost functions, convex and concave which are manufacture by lonely machine.We will pay attention in manufacturing planning for future chronological period named Planning Horizon for a machine is manufacturing many manufacturers with a machine changeover cost, where in this period the ordering average is change on the manufacturer, we’ll suppose too that the chronological space is divided to periods , the planning problem is happening by determining manufacturing average for every period in Planning Horizon , for knowing the ordering on every period is known but it’s not constant from each period to other which give it the Dynamic Form.In the research aim about how we planning for manufacturing period, so it will be study different models for cost function in one manufacturer case or more and apply an algorithm for each case and after that programming some of these algorithms to determining the best Planning Horizons where at them wholly cost function is might less.This subject consider as one of the important subjects in manufacturing operation fields, industrial operations, geometric operations and etc …For the important of leather industries, this subject apply on the factories of the Common Company of Leather Industries and that is happen by planning for outputting and stock to find less possible cost and the choice happen for four factories from the company and it’s : 1. Baghdad shoes factory ( Bata previously )2. kufa factory ( sporty shoes )3. Bags factory 4. Leather clothes factory And this by forming models to Dynamic Programming and it’s : 1. forward algorithm without disability 2. forward algorithm with disability 3. backward algorithm allow disabilityIt’s developing by the researcher to apply it in the multiple outputting and solve them and taking the results through a computer program written by the researcher for every model in Visual Basic Language.

تقويم النظام المحاسبي الموحد في ضوء نظرية المحاسبة والمعايير المحاسبية العراقية الدولية == The Evaluation of Unified Accounting System In The Light of Accounting Theory And International And Iraqi Accounting Standards

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عبد الحسين حميد المستوفي
اسم المشرف: ماهر موسى العبيدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The accounting uniformity concept is not coming from nothing, but it emerges due to requirements resulted by certain conditions and justifications associated with human development movement in economical and social environment. In fact, several professionalorganizations, which have the right to develop accounting, have issued obligated accounting standards. Also, the Arab league and Arabic organization for administrative sciences have adopted trends put unified Arabic proofs for accounting administrative andeconomical systems, in addition, the issue of several of unified accounting systems in some of Arabic and foreign countries.Moreover, United Nations adopted schedules and indications of the national accounts for all countries in the world, {recommendationsand integrated patterns}.The accounting system is considered as a copy of accounting integration pictures because it is determining perfectly and typically all aspects of accounting applications, starting from accounts guide and finishing with preparation of final accounts lists.Iraq is considered one of the countries, which is followed the way of central planning of the economy. This is necessitated the adoption of unified accounting system in order to ensure that the economical unites are followed unified bases in methods of treatingthe presentation and classification of accounting data and ))b(( information. So they will provide a wide fundamental of data and information which serve various needs of the economical unites. Also they provide the economical planning establishments according to their need of data and information through joining the accounts of economical unites with national accounts.The international impacts into the accounting are becoming today direct international challenge to the accountants in most countries of the world. Therefore, a set of international accounting researches appeared which aimed to face the internationalenvironmental changes in all aspects. For this reason, the international accounting is found as accounting field that makes comparisons and classifications for the accounting systems and for the applications at international level. It is also issued a set ofresearches, which help to organize and control international businesses, beside its publication to a group of accounting standards which could be applied internationally as an aim to coordinate the accounting and then unified them internationally.The existence of international accounting rules and standards does not also neglect the importance and necessity of finding and doing national accounting standards, because of the accounting environment difference which is a result of differences ofeconomical, social, political and legislative systems in the different countries. The finding and presenting local accounting standards do not mean necessarily the interaction with international and regional accounting standards but the reality insisted to be both accounting ))c(( standards together into entire completed frame. Accordingly, it is essentially to spend more efforts to take the core transactions which are working to narrow the gaps between world’s countries, and to limit the variety and the differences in accounting standards, methods, and applications within those countries. For raising up the real situation of accounting practices have been used in Iraq as one of the developing countries, also at the same time it is aiming to achieve more progress and luxury. Thisstudy is done to make practical and scientific evaluation for the unified accounting system and to show to which extent this system has been participated in performing the needs of various parties utilized from the information. This evaluation will be done in light of accounting frames and international Iraqi accounting. Thus, to achieve this purpose, the study is divided into five chapters. The first one presents the based methodology and previous studies in two researches. The second chapter is the entry to main subject through its presentation of the accounting uniformity.it has three researches too, the first one is about the experiment of the accounting integration at international level. The second research is on the characteristics and principles of unified accounting system. The third one deals with the coordination of international accounting standards at international level.The third chapter is dealing with the study of the adjustment of the unified accounting system with theoretical frame of the accounting and with international and Iraqi accounting standards.This chapter has also three researches. The first one is about the adjustment of unified accounting system with the theoretical frame of the accounting. The second research is on the experiment of Iraq in making the accounting rules and standards and how these are adjusted with international accounting standards. The third research is on the adjustment of unified accounting system with international accounting standards.The fourth chapter discusses the practical side of evaluating the integrated accounting system in light of accounting theory and international and Iraqi accounting standards by practical study to the academic and professional application, and then analyzing theanswers of the questionnaires with output analysis. This chapter has three researches too. The first one is on the evaluation of adjustment of accounting system in light of the accounting theory.The second is dealing with the evaluation of the unified accounting system in light of Iraqi accounting rules and standards. The third research is discussing the adjustment of unified accounting system in light of the international accounting.The study is ended with the fifth chapter, which is concentrated on demonstrating the important conclusions that the study reached. Thereby the important recommendations and suggestions to which the study reached in order to participate in developing the accounting in Iraq so that it could be in its expected real role.
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