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مقومات التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في محافظة الانبار == The Components Of Sustainable Agricultural Development At Anbar Governorate

اسم المؤلف: امنة جبار مطر درويش الدليمي
اسم المشرف: محمد دلف احمد الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Anbar governorate is the largest governorates in Iraq. Its area is 55878708 sq.m. forming one third of the western part of Iraq. Thus, it has the natural and human components that can contribute to achieve agricultural development, if it is employed in a scientific and deliberate way. The economic basis of the governorate depends mainly on the agricultural sector. The variety of the natural and human components plays an essential role in the variety of the agricultural crops. These components can be utilized to construct a base for sustainable agricultural development at Anbar governorate.The district administrative units are used in the present study due to the largeness of the area of the governorate. The components of the governorate stimulate the researcher to pursue her study, especially the county got through drastic political events that affect negatively the whole agricultural process. Hence agriculture becomes subsidiary profession for citizens as they intend to be appointed at the governmental and administrative establishments.The present study introduces an overview of the natural components (the geological structure, surface levels, climate, soil, and water resources) and their impact upon the sustainable agricultural development, in addition to the human components that give a vivid picture of the aim of the sustainable agricultural development. Population is the means and end of development, what leads to tackle the agricultural state of the governorate with its two branches : crop and animal production. Then, the attitudes of the agricultural development at the governorate the agricultural development and its components at the governorate.Detailed information of the bases of the natural and human sustainable agricultural development, setting the reliable means to promote the agricultural state and achiere the aim of the sustainable agricultural development.

التباين المكاني لخصائص التربة في مركز قضاء الصويرة == The Spatial Disparity Of The Soil Characteristics In Al - Sweyra District

اسم المؤلف: يوسف سامي حاج بازل
اسم المشرف: سعد عجيل مبارك الدراجي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The purpose of this study is to know the spatial variation of the soil in terms of the physical and chemical characteristics and the suitability for the agricultural production. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a space visual scale 50000 : 1, and geological map scale 100000 : 1 and the topographic maps 100000 : 1 were taken to obtain the data from the climate from Al - Kut, Al - Hay, Badra, stations for the period 1982 - 2011.After the termination of the office work, we went to the field for the purpose of observing the area of study and taking samples. 41 sample for the soil were taken, the researcher chooses area samples from different regions of the soil of orchards and the regions of the fodder fields.The study comes up to the following results : 1 - there is a vertical and horizontal characteristics in the soil : textile, structure, colors, real density, porosity, salinity, pH, organic materials, calcium carbon (plaster), calcium sulfate(gypsum).2 - Soil poor with organic materials ranged (%1.5 - 1.74) 3 - the soil suffers from salinity as we went above the Tigris River in the mud. 4 - the value of pH ranged (6.8 - 8.3). The erosion range of soil according to the general equation of the soil losses was assessed. It ranges between (3.6 - 1.5) ton\hectare\year in the shoulders areas while ti ranged between (3.3 - 8.9) ton\hectare\year in the field areas. For the orchard areas, it ranged between (7.1 - 9.9) ton\hectare\year and the bare areas ranged between (3.1 - 16.3) ton\hectare\year. Finally, the classification of the study area by SyS 1980. The lands were classified according to the productivity.

توزيع سكان قضائي حديثة والرطبة : دراسة مقارنة == Distribution Of Population In Haditha And Rutba A Contrastive Study In The Geograophy

اسم المؤلف: يوسف علي محسن يوسف الفهداوي
اسم المشرف: حسين علي عبد محمد الراوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This thesis aims at studying the distribution of population of Haditha and Rutba districts : a contrastive study so as to be acquainted with the main factors affecting place and time of the distribution. Haditha district forms 206% of the total area of the governorate which is 137808 km. The center of the district forms 45.8% from the area of the district for the years of census 1997 - 2007 - 2010.This is a small ratio as compared to the whole district area which is 3684 km although the district represents a population size which is 78.3% , 78.2% and 75.2% for the years 1997, 2007 and 2012 respectively in comparison to Rutba district with all its administrative units.This reflected in discrepancy of the population of the area of study. The study reveals that the majority of Haditha inhabitants are concentrating in the administrative units along the Euphrates bonks i.e near the water resources whether surface or ground water.This results in an increase in their ratio in some of the administrative units on the account of other units. Rutba district forms a ratio of 67.8% from the total area for the aforementioned years of census , yet this immense area suffers from the rarity of population due to the rarity of water resources , human and natural abilities and the economical circumstances together with the nature of the desert area as compared to Haditha district which help in the stability of population in this district which is associated with Euphrates. The study falls into four chapters together with the conclusion and suggestions. In the introduction , the problem of the study, purpose, hypothesis , value of the study and approach as well as a definition of the geographical area (geographical site) have been presented. The first chapter deals with the geographical characteristics. It is divided into two sections : the first deals with the natural characteristics which affect the discrepancy of population. These include terrain climate , soil , water resources and natural plant. The second section is concerned with the demographic characteristics represented by population distribution and their growth as far as the two areas are concerned for the years 1997 - 2007 - 2012. It also includes the numerical and relative distribution and the population growth for the areas of study. The second chapter is divided into three sections : the first section deals with the environmental distribution for the areas of the study (urban - rural). The second section deals with the scales of population concentration.It includes the ratio of this concentration and Lorenz, James - Martin formulas. The third section deals with density of population which implemented by numerical, agricultural, rural and productive density. This distribution is represented by maps which facilitate their comparison by sight throughout the use of simple statistical methods. The third chapter deals with the change of population distribution. This is used via various methods such absolute , and relative changes and the change guide. The fourth chapter represents views of the distribution of the population of Haditha and Rutba for the period 2012 - 2021. The study is rounded up with conclusions and recommendations which are thought to be suitable solutions for the possible phenomena especially in Rutba. The researcher arrives at the conclusion that the density of Haditha population is a result of its situation represented by the Euphrates which helps in the linear spread of population along its banks together with the concentration of social , economical , and administrative establishments. Thus it occupies highest ratios of services for the population as compared to Rutba which lacks such services. This is passively reflected in the population distribution. The study recommends putting a plan to establish population complexes with reasonable distances so as to find a kind of equilibrium between the population and the total area occupied by Rutba district.

العلاقات الاقليمية للمستوطنات الريفية في ناحية السوير وسبل تنميتها : دراسة في جغرافية الريف == Regional Relations Of The Rural Settlements In The Alsuwair District And Ways Of Its Development (A Study Of Rural Geography)

اسم المؤلف: حسين علي صاحب
اسم المشرف: حبيب راضي طلفاح الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: خلصت دراسة العلاقات الاقليمية للمستوطنات الريفية في ناحية السوير في ضوء المعايير المعتمدة بان هناك علاقات اقتصادية وخدمية متنوعة سلطت الضوء على قوة علاقات بعض المستوطنات وضعف الاخر منها، وهو امر يتيح للباحث الجغرافي والمخطط الريفي مفاتيح مهمة تحدد سبل تنم | The study found that rural settlements in alsuwair district varied regional economic relations and service, which is helping geographical researcher planned to identify ways to develop spatially, The study found the correctness of Research Hypothesis wihch based on the diversity of regional relations between rural settlements in the study area and in the following manner : 1 - The natural ingredients such as geographic location, climate and water resources and surface soil, and human, such as population size and growth of the geographical distribution of the population, and projects and irrigation methods and other character distinct lets provided strength characterize some rural settlements where and earn power in regional relations, especially near urban centers and rural settlements and adjacent to rivers and fertile soil of sedimentary.The study found that (%44.7) of the total employees practiced agricultural activity, and is a farm income ratio (%45.8) of the total economic entered into, and that means the predominance of agricultural activity on the rest of the economic activities.It also showed that (%35.5) of the marketers of agricultural products turned towards the city of Samawah, while Turn (%34.5) of them toward the administrative center, and was heading ratios toward AL - Khuder and AL - Warka (%4.5,%25.6) of the total marketers of agricultural products to urban centers on the respectively.And displayed (%56.60) of the total self settlements perfusion, while (43.40)% of them have relied on others to get watering and irrigation water, and emerged (%58.49) of the approved settlements on the same access to agricultural mechanization, and (%41.51) of them have relied on other settlements in access to agricultural mechanization.As varied importance of pastoral regional relations rural settlements in the study area, some of which are characterized by regional relations pastoral distinct, like Nasser elaaj and Kareem Sadkhan and Hammadi and Hillel settlements and Al - Tadhhiea, etc., While decreased importance of the pastoral relations in agricultural and regional ties, such as settlements Al - Hamraa walKhomas, and Aelchenibrh and Alroydhi and others.2 - study showed the relative importance of industrial activity, with occupancy rate of (%5.2) of the total workers in economic activities, and the ratio of (%19.8) of the total cash in, and emerged the highest workers in North bodies ratios where the Alshainn settlement, while the highest rates appeared commercial access in the north - eastern and northern sides, where settlements of Aldabaal, and Almajoon walmalt , Kazem Salem, and Alamaal walhodeidah.Depending on the direction of movement of industrial products, industrial relations strong settlements north side with the elimination of Warka, the East with the AL - Khuder destrict, while the direction of the movement of industrial goods in the western and southwestern settlements towards the AL - Samawah district , and increase industrial relations with alsuwair district center as we head towards the central sides of the study area.And varied areas of industrial use, among others the study area, as appeared in the Aradhi abu mahar wal elchenblana Wal roaieia reaching 1200 m2, while the back of the least in Al - Zrijiah and Abu tebeekh and Hor Ziad, it did not exceed 100 m2.3 - study showed the importance of commercial activity, economic activity helps people to improve their living conditions, which showed employees ratios (5.6)% of the total workers in various economic activities, and the form of business income ratio of (18)% of the total entry of economic events in the study area, and appeared higher staff ratios in the northern authorities where the settlement Alsehainn, while the highest rates appeared commercial entry in the northeastern and northern sides, where settlements of Aldabaal, and Almajoon walmalt , Kazem Salem, and Alamaal walhodeidah.A trend most of the population of western and southern areas around the city of Samawah for the purpose of trade, while most of the northern settlements population moved Al - Warka district, either settlements south - eastern sections, namely population of Alskaf walkhninih settlements moved towards AL - Khuder destrict.It turns out that the size of the area of commercial use depends on the population size mainly, reaching the proportion of the population of the provinces of the first category (46)% and second (35)%, while the third (16)% of the total population of the study area.4 - The regional relations services for the education and health services grabbed a study the direction of the movement of people to urban centers to get those services, appeared Direction for most people in the northern provinces settlements towards the elimination of Al - Warka, and residents of the central provinces settlements around alsuwair district center, while the population of the western provinces and southwestern settlements turn towards Al - Samawah district, and the proportion of the population of the eastern provinces of eastern and southern settlements moved to AL - Khuder destrict.The study showed the geographical distribution of religious services provided by rural settlements contrast to each other, which were distributed in eight mattresses spearheaded Alkuam settlement in the central sides, for providing religious services to all settlements in the study area, while appeared in the western and southern sides settlements of Alroydhi and Farhan Mohsen and Besateen Aldora ranked the last.5 - The rural settlements in alsuwair district suffers from a distinct lack of provision of basic services, despite the fact that there are settlements where available (7 - 5) services but does not meet the needs of the population, as the number of such settlements is only accounted for seven of (13.21) % of total settlements, while the rest of the settlements, however, are suffering clearly from the deterioration of services in quantity and quality, where most of them provide the (4 - 2) Services and total(46) rural settlements form (86.79) % of the total settlements, and this will reflect negatively on the economic and social role of the population in the study area.6 - The study is based on the findings of the regional economic and service relationships in determining the ways of development that would advancement of rural economic and service settlements.

دور مصر في النظام الشرق اوسطي وافاقه المستقبلية : دراسة في الجغرافيا السياسية

اسم المؤلف: اعياد عبد الرضا عبد ال
اسم المشرف: سعدون شلال ظاهر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

الخصائص المناخية للاقاليم التضاريسية في الجزيرة والهضبة الغربية للعراق == The Climatic Features Of The Terrain Region In The Peninsula And The Western Plateau Of Iraq

اسم المؤلف: اسيل موفق محمد الطائي
اسم المشرف: سالار علي خضر الدزيي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The climatic features are only a group of exchangeable relations between the elements that shape them. This study is carried out to seek for the features and traits of the terrain regions of the peninsula, represented by the upper and lower islands, and the western plateau represented by the upper valleys, the rocks and the pattering.The researcher relied in this study on the stations of the terrain regions constructing the area under study. This includes Al - Mousil and sinjar's stations, representing the upper islands' region, Baji's station representing the lower islands' region Al - Rutbah station representing the upper valley's region. Al - Ruwayshid station representing the Hamadah region, and the stations of Anah, Hadithah and Al - Najaf are representing the region of the lower valleys. As for the stations of Al - Nikhaib and Al - Salman, those represent the rocks' region, and for the station of Al - Bassiyah and Al - Theebah, they represent the plattering region.It has been clarified through this study that these region are characterized by a diversity in their topography and in their natural phenomena, and this led to the variations happening in the climatic features of each in the area under study. This has been made obvious by shedding the light on the analysis of the climatic elements (normal temperature, the macro temperature, the micro temperature, wind speed, the relative humidity and rain) of the stations consisting the area under study. Through two study it has also been identified the type of the climate in each of these terrain's regions and this is done by using the climatic classifications as Borisor's classification of identifying thecontinental temperature, Curner's equation of identifying the ocean temperature, Tom's equation of knowing the rate of the climatic comfort for each season (winter, spring, summer and autumn), Lang's criterion to identify the dry region, and finally cobin's classification. The variation coefficient has been used to know the ranging of the climatic elements from one year to another, and to know, also, the climatic characteristics of the regions consisting the area under study.The statistical relation have been used between the surface layers of the area under study, and the climatic elements by using the T - test and correlation coefficient through finding the relations between the light of the stations related the regions of the area under study and their climatic elements.It has also been shown through this study that the high - temperature regions, of the area under study, take the shape of parallel ranges. In this way, Al - Hamada region and the pattering region appeared within a single temperature class, while the regions of the upper islands and the lower islands and of the upper valleys have shown themselves within two different temperature classes. As for the regions of the lower valleys and the rocks, they appeared within three temperature classes. It has also been clarified that the pattering region recorded the highest averages of the macro temperature amongst all the regions consisting the area under study, while the region of the upper islands recorded the lowest ones. Concerning the micro temperature, Al - ltamadah region and the pattering region were both occurring within a single temperature class, while the region of the rocks and the upper valleys were includedwithin two temperature classes, while the other regions, that are the upper islands, the lower islands and the lower valleys, were found within three temperature classes.Fur the more, it has been made obvious through this study that the regions of pattering and of the rocks are the most terrain regions having high wind speed, while the least regions in their wind speed are of Al - Hamadah, of the lower islands and of the upper valleys. Also, it has been clarified that Al - Mousil station is the only one in the area under study that has a normal average of the relative humidity, while in the other stations the relative humidity is absent; these stations proved to be dry. Further, for the amount of the annual falling rains, it decreases as much as the direction is for the north, moving away from the south of the area under study.Also, it is shown in two studies that the area is characterized by a continental climate and this is due to its being for away from the bodies of water, adding to this, is the diversity (variation) in the temperature averages between winter and summer in the area under study. Also, the ocean temperature increases in the north and the western parts of the area and decreases in its other parts. It has been made obvious that the climatic comfort in the area under study is ideal in the two seasons of spring and autumn, while in winter and summer there is no climatic comfort. Also, it is clarified that the stations of Al - Mousil and sinjar are characterized by a dry climate while the other stations have an excessively dry climate according to Lang's classification. Also , the terrainregions in two area are identified as dry regions according to cobia's classification.According to this study, it has been shown that the variation coefficient varies between one region and another in respect to the wind speed and rain amount, while this same coefficient does not show that diversity between one region and another in respect to the other climatic elements (as the normal temperature, macro temperature , micro temperature and relative humidity). It is also clarified that the correlative relation (person's) between the height of the stations above the sea level, and the climatic elements in the area under study (as the normal temperature, macro temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rain) is an inverse relation except for the rain amount for it is a direct relation, yet it is a weak direct relation. As for the relation of the height of the terrain regions above the sea level with the climatic element, it is an inverse relation, but it ranges from strony, medium to weak.

التركيب التعليمي لسكان محافظة بغداد للمدة 1997 - 2013 == The Educational Structure To The Population In Baghdad Province

اسم المؤلف: اسيل ابراهيم طالب
اسم المشرف: صلاح محسن جاسم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على التركيب التعليمي لسكان محافظة بغداد، ومعرفة مدى الارتباط الجغرافي بين السكان والعوامل الديموغرافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية، وتحديد تباين التركيب التعليمي من وحدة ادارية الى اخرى وتوزيعه بصورة علمية جغرافية تتضمن الربط | The present study aims at knowing the educational structure of Baghdad province , and the geographic correlation between the population and the demographic, economic, social and cultural factors. It also aims at determining the variance of educational structure from one educational unit to another for the period 1997 - 2013, and to know the change that was made on that structure through the educational unit which was provided. It also tackles the changes that were made on the level of education as a result of the economic sanctions which Iraq goes through as well as the change that took. A high rate begins the more the level is advanced to high levels it declines gradually for different stages. Also, the variation in the gender, environment and the age section. We depended on the data issued by the Ministry of Planning and Education. The study showed a positive development has occurred in the primary, secondary and university as well as postgraduate education services with an increase in the number of students and their growth for the period 1997 - 1998\2013 - 2014. There is also a variance in the admission of male students in comparison with female ones. The study also shows a decline in the educational level following gender, and especially female students in comparison with males the period 1997 - 1998\2013 - 2014 due to sociological factors and the traditions and the cultural costumes deep rooted in the governorate of Baghdad. Most families, especially in the suburbs of Baghdad, try to prevent the admission of females to education after 2003. There is also a variance in the rate of educated individuals between the urban and rural areas for the concentration of the educational centers in the urban centers. The study also shows that there are a group of variables effecting the spatial distribution of the education. The household income is specified as the most important variable affecting education and also the situation in which Iraq has gone through in the course of education as a result of the population increase. Through the application of the standard degree and the use of SPSS package. When using the factorial analysis method it appease that the sum of all these affecting factors which explained (%95) out of the total variation of the variables which were inserted in the program the most important of which is the monthly household income (Iraqi dinar) and the parent level of education , and the instability of the security situation. There is variation between the other variables.

التباين المكاني للحوادث المرورية في قضاء الكرخ == The Spatial Variance For The Traffic Accidents In Alkarhh Province

اسم المؤلف: اسماء دهـش محـمـد
اسم المشرف: جمال حامد رشيد الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الانتقال من مكان الى اخر هو ضرورة حياتية لاغنى للانسان عنها , وان هذا الانتقال يتم في الغالب عن طريق مركبة يقودها الانسان في ظل حركة مرورية بالغة التعقيد والازدحام , لذلك اصبحت حركة الانسان ماشيا اوراكبا محفوفة بالمخاطر والمتمثلة بالحوادث المرورية التي | The transportation from one place to another is an indispensible fact. This movement is done mostly via a vehicle driven by human in a very complex traffic movement and congestions. Therefore, the movement of man whether pedestrian or riding vehicle is one of the most serious problems that are faced by the modern societies for the economic, social they inflict as well as the waste of the human and material resources. The province of Alkarkh suffers from high rates of traffic accidents as it is part of the center of Baghdad, in addition to being an entrance for most of the southern governorates. This will result increase the density of the traffic movement in a manner not consistent with the capability of the streets to comprehend that number of cars. That led to the great number of traffic congestion and traffic jam. Also, the big number of checkpoints spreading in the streets is a result of the accidents. Hence, the aim of the study is know the size of the traffic accident problem in the province and determine the degree of danger through classification, analysis and following the statistics related to various types, and to know the most dominant types, so that we can realize the most outstanding location in which accidents occur. This is because the scientific and subjective realization of the spatial distribution and its time - based trends is regarded as application contribution to know the effects resulting from traffic accidents and the followed procedures to stop them. The study comes up to a group of findings such as : • The number of traffic accidents is increasing in the period of study (2006 - 2015). The highest level was in 2015 in (382) traffic accidents out of the total number of traffic accidents (3064) accidents. • It was clear from the study that numerous natural and human causes lurk behind the traffic accidents. However, the basic elements causing them are man (the user of road), the vehicle, the road, but man with his negligence and violation of the traffic rules is considered the main reason behind the traffic accidents, especially the driver. The percentage of (%49.3) out of the total number of accidents are caused by men, whereas the pedestrians, vehicle and the road caused (%9.9, %22.6, %11.7) of the traffic accidents respectively. • The variables (population size, number of cars, climatic elements) are shown to have effect in traffic accidents. However, the most effective of these variables were (population size, number of cars) in the province. • The study affirms that the problem of traffic accidents has a big economic and social dimension. It has a clear influence on the national GDP, as it is clear in the cost of these traffic accidents (22038000) $ during the period of study(2006 - 2015).• The weak procedures followed to stop the traffic accidents whether related with the traffic awareness, or the geometric dimensions of the roads and the cars, the sanitary, social factors and the governmental politics

التحليل الجغرافي لكفاءة خدمات البنى التحتية في محافظة الانبار == Geographical Analysis Of The Efficiency Of Infrastructure Services In Anbar Province

اسم المؤلف: احمد محمود علي احمد الحرداني
اسم المشرف: مشعل فيصل غضيب المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The significance of studying the infrastructure utilities comes from its being the basic factor of the structural centers and human settlements. Besides to its effects , positively , in the growing of the movement of the people inside these settlements. Moreover , infrastructures are considered one of the main elements of housing and one of the important and vital subjects which are related to the ability of the planner and the executor alike while on executing the proposed plans and evaluating them regularly so as to get the results that help bridging the gaps and coming up with the scientific development.This study (The Geographic Analysis of the Capacity and Levels of the Infrastructure in Anbar Province) Limits its subject in studying the reality and the levels of the infrastructure utilities However , the hypotheses of thee study were hypothecated according to the problem of the falling of the levels of the infrastructure for the population of Anbar. we had searched the reasons and made database explained in maps and daters so that we can give a scientific vision to overcome the obstacles and the problems of the low capacities of these utilities The study depended on the inductive , deductive and field survey styles and an analysis in the form of the questionnaire which was given to a sample of people throughout Anbar province according to the milieu they live in.The study concluded many results. The most important ones of these results are the quality, quantity and coverage of the utilities indicating that there is a state of ignoring the schematic criteria in most of the results of the hypothetical analyses. The general average of the area of the roads was (286.7km. length for each 1000 people). All these roads are under the world schematic criterion. It was found out that %69.1 of people are benefited from the drinkable water, %71.5 of them are urban and %67 are rural. In turn of this the pre capita of the produced drinkable water is 250 liters a day the urban and 48 liters a day for the rural population. However , there is a disability to meet the needs of the province in the drainage, gargoyle and the electrical system throughout the province. The reflects a state of depravation in varied levels among the indications of the infrastructures that show a dropping in the capacity of the provided utilities.In constructing any infrastructure - utility project, a clear strategy has to be taken into consideration. This strategy, a clear strategy depends on comporting with reality by using the suitable schematic criteria for arriving the amid purposes. In addition to the co - ordination among the utilities of the infrastructure to unify the data among the rules of the in infrastructure utilities for future purposes. This helps forming greater activity in the plans of development and in taking the best decisions

الخصائص الطبيعية والاقتصادية الاجتماعية لمدينة خان بني سعد == The Natural, Socio - Economical Characteristics Of Khan Bani Saad City

اسم المؤلف: احمد كريم ناصر الساعدي
اسم المشرف: محمد علي مرزا
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The essence of this thesis is summarized in the discussion and analysis of internal structure of Bani Saad city, or the so - called the urban land use. This city has been chosen for the size of its population (29.9) thousand person, and its total area1000 hectares, in addition to being one of the satellite cities of Baghdad even though it is a center of the province affiliated to Baquba district of Diyala Governorate.Since land uses represent the basic element in the economies of land uses, which is a product of the interaction of the natural features of the position and location of the city that give indication of the available sources on those two levels on one side and the populations of the city in terms on demographic growth and their social and economic other hand, and the reflection on their attitudes and behavior and their intellectual tendencies.Therefore the thesis includes an analysis of these two aspects and their by the uses of the land inside the city. According to those trends, the research perspective has become combined in a net of relations with mutual effect and influences in the formation of the environmental system of the city.The research has also been directed towards the study of a series of the operations of alteration in the city through analysis of the morphological stages.The conscious study required depending on the use of methods and scientific curriculum and the realization of some of the concepts and theoretical thoughts for the surprise of analysis interpretation and conclusion in the first chapter.The study was supported with tables, diagrams, figures, maps and images of the direct field surveys, the study comes up to the diagnosing of the land uses, their features and spatial distribution, in addition to evaluation in accordance with the population requirements and needs. The study also presents the suggestions for the means and procedures to the treatment of the shortages and weakness in the city so that it becomes a city of healthy environment for living, work and entertainment. Consequently, it may become a center of luminance and affection in the future.

مقومات القوة الصينية والتوازن الاقليمي في اسيا == Elements Of Chinese Regional Power Balance In Asia

اسم المؤلف: احمد رعد رمضان الخزاعي
اسم المشرف: شيماء محمد جواد الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتفق معظم الباحثين في مجال الجغرافية السياسية على ان الدولة هي اشهر الظاهرات السياسية الموجودة على خريطة العالم، وتخضع الدراسة الحالية الى تحليل جوانب الصين من الناحية الطبيعية والبشرية والاقتصادية، والوقوف على نقاط القوة والضعف في كيان هذه الدولة، وباختص | Most researchers agree in the geo - political area that the state is months of political phenomena on the world map, and subject to the current study to analyze aspects of China of natural, human and economic terms, and stand on the strengths and weaknesses in the entity of this state, in short, the present study was concerned with studying China strength and the importance of such a force on the regional and international levels and their impact on the state's power levels, and meant this study was to know the international balances that are part of the geo - political, concerned with the study of geographical conditions and its dealings with the international system through three mechanisms, namely, (integration, change and isolation), and through the application of this category to China, we find that it is heading in terms of integration, China is linked to working within the current system of rules in the world, and China accept the main basis of the international system in today's world, and that does not mean she does not prefer the change in international politics, it rejects hegemony of the United States of America and its interference in the Taiwan issue, and that the growing power of China has been invited to impose its hegemony on the regional level, the growth of China from a weak state of the third world to a strong state and a more well - being of its population led to strict foreign policy, and see China today in its relationship with the outside world is moving towards the principle of insurance needs energy and strategic minerals that support the growing level of living standards for a large number of the population, representing almost fifth of the world's population, as China has become, thanks to its continuous growing on the international and regional arena of the main distinguishing features for beyond the end of bipolarity China is the highest growth rates of its kind in the world and strategic weight at the regional and international level flying towards modernization and military institutions of higher population density and its cultural heritage, historical and cultural great, it has become a place of various think tanks and academic institutions specialized care throughout the world. The population (the human element) moving a vital factor in political unity, as well as increasing their importance, it is associated Bhgmehm distribution and their composition and national feelings of ethnic, social and Ansjammehm, and this factor is the essence of power in the state unless it is linked to the economic, political and military - inspiring.

اليمن : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Yemen : A Study In Geopolicy

اسم المؤلف: حميد سعيد خالد المخلافي
اسم المشرف: جواد صندل جازع البدران
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study auns at exposmg the geographic components; natural 3illd man, I - e. public, economic and political which Yemen enjoys, and to evaluate m from a geo - political point of view and analyze them to indicate their vantages and disadvantages in order to reflect their exclusive power. The study is divided into introduction, conclusions and recommendations and ve chapters.iapter One presents the natural geographic components of the region which is 1bject of the study. These components include position, area, shape, roof, climate r natural resources, e.g. natural plant, water and minerals resources which have rous impacts on the state. hapter Two discusses the human components, e.g. public and economic and onomic. These are numerous such as population, the geographic distribution and tensity, the quality structure , age , the social and economical indicators. The cimomical components present the most important variables. This chapter also s ~ies the economical sectors of the state which include agriculture, hunting , iperals, transforming industrials, services, tourism, trading, communication and nsformation and the contribution of each sector in the local aggregate. apter Three is concerned with studying the political structure of the state and its c mponents. The contents of this chapter shows the development in the political s stem, the regime - structure and decision - making centers. J!apter Four analyzes the foreign policy of Y cm en : its neighbouring countries. It a •~ deals with the relations of Yemen with the Arab homeland, and with the great p ier like the united states, the European Union, Japan and with the international nizations.apter Five foreseers the geo - political future of Yemen through the researcher's scriptive and through his evaluation of the reign which is subject of the study.< : main conclusions that the study has arrived at are : Yemen has an important position which ts characterized by its geo - political effects on the reign.2. The large area of Yemen brigs a variety m the natural phenomena, e.g. the hypgraphic nature and clinate which help in creating various climatic and plant environments that provide economical specification among the different districtsin Yemen (the products of the orbit areas in planes, the products of the moderate areas in the high lands). This brings about a self - sufficient rate reaches at (%55 - 31) of food. Moreover, the area of Yemen gives it the ability to defend itselfin depth. 3. Yemen has (5) neighboring countries, 3 of which are marines and the other two are land countries : despite that Yemen has border problems with most of these countries, yet Yemen was able overcome these problems through makinga!,'feements to solve them.4. Although soil represents an important element of the elements of power in state, Yemen sulfurs from a reduction in the area of agriculture soils which include about 3% of the entire area of the country this is a small area and it represents oneof the geo - political weaknesses of the state.5. Yemen suffers from a clear reduction of water. The roof waters are very few and the rain waters arc inadequate in most areas.6. The study explores that Y cm en has about ( 4) billions drums of oil reserviour in 2000. This forms 0.4 , 0.5 of the world reservoir and opec reservoir in the same year. Yemen also has a large amount of natural gas, about (479)billions/m3 Thisforms a rate of(0.30, 0.69) of the world reservoir and opec reservoir respectively in the same year.7. The population intensity varied among the different districts in Yemen. It is very high in the capital, Ta'z and Al - Hudidya where it reaches about (6703, 204 , 145,7) pcrson/km2 respectively in 2000. On the contrary, the population intensity records the lowest rate in Al - Muhra' where it reaches (1) person I km2. This has a negative influence on the political and economical situation in Yemen. he study finds that there is a reduction in the social indicators for the public such as health. This reduction is due to the rate of spending on this sector which records about (1 and 2) in the aggregate of the local production.emen still depends in its foreign exports on a sole resource which is oil. The oil exports forms about %69.85 of the total exports in 2000.1 • The study shows that the strategic industrial sector occupies the first rank among the other economical sectors in the total aggregate where it fonns about (% 38.8). this sector includes about (0.49) only of the total employee in Yemen,whereas the agriculture sector contribute in about %54 of the employee in 2000. I. In studying the decision - making constitutions, it appears that the position of the president of the republic has effectively and vitathy affected the policy if the state. The other constitutions such as the representative council , the ministry council , the foreign ministry and the Judicial power have taken a participant rote in the political system. I •Yemen's economical relations with the other Arabian countries, i - e. non - gulf countries , are still wench. The economical indicators indicate that the value of the Yemenian exports to these countries reached about (51652000) dollars in 2000; while the Ycmen

تطور النقل بالسيارات في العراق 1950 - 1980 : دراسة في جغرافية النقل

اسم المؤلف: حميد غالب عجيل السكيني
اسم المشرف: سرى محمود المدرس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1988
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

دراسة جغرافية لمنظومة الري في محافظة ذي قار == A Geographical Study F'Or The Irrigation System In Thi - Qar Governorate

اسم المؤلف: فيصل عبد منشد
اسم المشرف: ماجد السيد ولي محمد العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1990
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The research aims at studying irrigation tables in the governorate and analysing its sufficiency through studying the geographical factors influencing on it. The ireaearch falls into three chapters.The first chapter dealt with the geographical circoastances of' the governorate, where it appeared that the : physical f'ac.tors (surface, weather, soil) had a large linrluence on the expansions of rivers and channals.The surface had affected by its slow slopeness on 'the expansions of rivers and the movement of water inside ithem •. The weather had also affected through its variations ion the increase of' evabo : ration and consequently on the num11er of irrigations and their quantities. It has also ~p~d that the dii"f erence in osmosisty of the soil had - .n : b'd'luence on the irrigation processes in the governorate. The second chapter dealt with the geographical expansions commonly used method, despite of its detects and its influenceon salting the soil. The third chapter dealt with an evalution to the enougbness of irrigation the study of the Crops needs ot / water. It appeared that there was always a sUllllller lack of I/ water in most of the rivers and irrigation - canals in the govern.orate and there was always winter extra water expelle4 to the marshes. !he districts that sutfer from natural diab1lity (lack) or which do not have enough irrigating water had been designated (limited) and proper stut1ons had been ottered (given).!'he two - divisions system in the governorate had also been studied and found that system needed coordination with the neighbouring goverBorates to limit water portions to each are et them. Tl : le thesis ended with a.revealation et the most important conclusions that the : research reached.

صناعة وسائط النقل المائي في محافظة البصرة وافاقها المستقبلية : دراسة في الجغرافية الصناعية

اسم المؤلف: فارس مهدي محمد
اسم المشرف: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي | كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

طرق التكوين الاساسية لاطلس محافظة البصرة الزراعي : دراسة خرائطية

اسم المؤلف: مها دحام عبد الرضا السامر
اسم المشرف: مصطفى عبد الله محمد السويدي | بشرى رمضان ياسين
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تحليل جغرافي للانتاج الزراعي في قضاء المدينة == Analyse Of Geography For Agricultural Production In Al - Madina District

اسم المؤلف: بشرى رمضان ياسين
اسم المشرف: ماجد السيد ولي محمد العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1992
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: AL - Midayn9.h District is situated in the north - west part of Basrah Governorate. It consists of three administrative units : The district centre, Al - Huwair ~. and Talha zone. It's surrounded by water from - three directionsJ its northern and northern - west parts are represented by the' mid - marshe'S, and its southern and southern - west parts are represented by Al - Hammar Marsh.The interaction of the natural factors plays a great part in the agricultural production, in its spatial variations among the different places of the different quantities from year to year. most of the crops is concentrated on the District and in i r The cultivation if sides of the Eup~ because of the concentration of the river levees that arecharacterized by its relative height if compared with the! low areas t~at are nearby to it. It seems that most of - t'l he climate factors are adequate to cultivate and produce diffe rent crops relatively in the district.The effect of the human factors is no less in imp<F than the effect of natural factors in the agricultural pro duction and its variations from one place to another, Chapter three reveals that there are two types of' ' agricultural production in the district. They are the typof horticulture cultivation and field cultivation. Th~ former iH concP.ntrf' : ted mainly in the areas of river letee where loem clay soils of good discharge are dominant •tic are adequate to the cultivation of Horticulture crops.The latter, like wheat, is concentrated in the river basin areas where clay soils of bad discharge are dominant. This shows the intermixing of the cultivation of these types due to intermixity of agricultural soils with one another in the district.Chapter four deals with the most important natural and human problems which the ae;ric1il tural production has in the area of the study field. The salinity problem is considered one of the most obstacles in the agricultural production tbat leads to the lessening of the soil fertility yearly.Water resources, also have different problems which are represented by the continuation of the low levels of water and their variations. In addition to this fact, there is bad use of these resources and a growing of wate~ plants through river ducts.The research work reveals the decrease in efficiency o using agricultural lands in spite of the possibility of expansion in its use which could lead to the increase of the quantities of agricultural production in a way that is symmetrical to the increase of population - growth averages which is accompanied by need for more food.

تحليل اثر العوامل الجغرافية في التباين المكاني لزراعة الطماطة في محافظة البصرة

اسم المؤلف: محمود بدر علي
اسم المشرف: عبد الاله رزوقي احمد كربل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1987
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: TOlllllto i• a crop whoae origin ldd ia the 110untaine of Alldez1 it •• tr11J1.9ferred to the Old \ilorld "DJ' Spanish explorers. '?be crop ha• • high nutritive value 'because it has Vitainin(c) and coDSiderable amount• of minerals, protein and carbohydratea. It lute also an economic val11• aince it ia the raw aterial. for a llUllber of induetries such aa to•tfopaate alld tomato juice. The effect of the geographical factors on tb9 difference in llaerah is the subject of thia study. Chapter One ehowa that there ia a big developaent in the plantatl!on of this crop, especially after 17 - : 50 July Revolution. Demands for tld• crop M.ve increaNd markedl7 ae a result of the high rate of conllUllPUoa due to an incr... se in population rates, and the rise in the et•~ of living. It also ahov• that the high revenues accured, the developaeat of transportation sector and colllllUDication, along vi.th the faciliti•• and aide rendered bY the gover1111ent to develop agriculture have contri ted a great deal to the development of tomato cultivation. Th.refoN, ellltivation of the crop increased : from 116,7 : 50 donum in 1969 to 190.p : !I · in 1985. The study, •oreover, shows that the areas pl.e.11ted in aumaer eMI• are far gr... ter than those of winter. In addition, a difference ie l'ecogDiHd. in the aru planted with tomatoe among the governoratee in Ir : Be.srah governorate coaee firet in ternlll of the size of the arees, the quantity produced during the d,..,. : .t {f. ~.i. ' i~'i '~, - Y• while it is still ~rciilc behind in the other eouterl : m ,gOverap~tee a~; some of those in the - 1 •· In the late seventies, to.;t;,o c~;~ : li~}ti~.Ji~neeaed a big increase ill Chapter Two showa that natural factors (land aurface, climate, water reaource, eoil) have their clear impact on the geographical diatributioa of t - to in Baerah. For land surface, it ia noticed that we caa al.most divide it into t"9 equal parta : the eastern which ia a plan area characterised with it• al.ow elope, natneaa except the river levee• and the mrt.U adjacent to th•. It i• thia very area which i• relied on for agricul.tllre And the Weatarn part baa becoae the aoat aui table area for t - t• cul ti#atioa dae te certain charactariatica.Aa to the cli•te, it baa been clear that it ia suitable for the prod11otion of ~to •• winter crop. Aa to beet, it ia alao auitable, even in its highest and loweat degree•, for the crop to grow during the vario11a etas••• In aoat extreme caaes, producers can le1111en the effectll by protecti11g the crop with the uae of the available meana. Rain, however, baa not that high significant to the agricultural activitiee due to the fact of its littleness aJ : ld fluctuation. Tbua, cultivation becoaea dependent upon the irrigation potentials available in the area of at'Udy - wiJlde - blowing on the area is ao11tl7 north - west; it ha• negative infl11ence11 on t - to duri11g winter aince it decreases tea,111t1 : '&4 ture in winter and al90 cauaea water los11e11 in sumer because it is bot;In addition, it bas its influencea on water levela in Shatt - Al - Arab and thia will conaequently ha•• ita influences on agriculture in the are moat iaportant reacurcea of irrigation in the eastern part is the ri•era, •inl7, the Tigris and Euphrates and Shatt - Al - Arab. Levelsof watera ha•e strong relationa with the cultivation of crop. It is noticed that thi• part is now suffering from low levels of - tera as underground.,.ter baa no 11ignificaw : e to the agricultural activities due to ealination rates that are high. Certainl;y, it i• found thatsubterranean water ha11 become the eole aource that tomato plaJltation depllJlda upon, in the western part of the governorate. Soil, it is found, is of alluvial origin, newl : r foraed and prevale11t through the eastern part of the area of this stud : J. Moat of the soils of this part 11\lffer fro• high salination rates and bad draiaage, and high leYel of aubterr&11ea11 water except lillited areas repr...aented by riTer levees llJld some areas adjacent to thell. Man has teaded in the 11&rsh area11 to collect soil as e•bankaent making use of the hilgh leYels of waters in welling up the ealts of the soil, and therefore,. the IJUCcesa of to•to cultintion. Sand;y soil conatitute.e the weatena part of the governorate characteriMd by rough texture and le•• aali•tion rate• and the decreaae or the rate.e or organic.. teri•la. Chapter Three •hows that manpower (workers, irrigation proceaae..peasant• Aaeociations) has a great role in the development of the tOllllto agriculture in the governorate since manpower is one of the basic fac.. tors for the success and the deTelopment or to.. to plantation, despiteor llOdern mechanization in some agricultural proceseea. Manpower is divided into hired and native; the first is emplo;yed in Zubllir - Safwan and mo.et of it co•es fro• Egypt and Sudan while the native are mostl7 ef family members in addition to part - timers to work out some agricultlU'tl activities in the areas of 11&rabe11. The 11tud1 has ehown that there are chazlges in irrigation CQllP8recl to that in the fifties. While cultivated ar.. s used to be irrigated 'r free now of water in the fifties, this wa7 ia no longer used, and itis replaced by pu11p11. The ways adopted in irrigation are MDY' there ia the open C8Dllllls uaed in Zubair - Safwan, and Shatt - Al - Arab levees, the •bluikments in the iaarshes, the bllllins method in Talha, aQd fina.lly ao•e Jl].aatation areaa have adopted a very developed method in Zube.ir - Safwn. Co - operative Farmers Association have played a prominent role in the development of T011ato plantation through the services rendered to - bera. Theae services take the forms of loans, machines and agricultur.i aupplies. Alao Agricultural offices in the area pl~s an equal active role through guidance given in application of modern techniquea. Chapter Four shows that the cultivation of To111ato is concentratedin aoae llU'eas and thus the area of the study is divided into three producing regio111t on the basis of the concentration rates of to.. to in it. It also revealed that theae regione vary according to the historical background of the area in question and the significance of the crop in it in proportion to other crops planted in every regions and ao.. of the - e;ricultlll'el activities required. Chapter J'ive deals with marketing since it is one of the basic factors that help develope the plantation in the research a.t'ea. Marketing haa witnessed during the latest 1e&rs a major development as a • re81.ll t of the developaient of factors related. These include the high d - . for thia crop, advances in transport and co111111Unication. The Mrketing of the crop now is rUJl buy the private sector, it is : ahown that Baghdad governorate gets the largest eh&.re of tomato lllllrketed ' tro11 B&srah governorate. It is fOUlld out that lllBrketing auffers 0011 from so many probl - auch as non - availability of ellOungh trailers to transport outside the governorate, the low prices of crop mainly

تصنيف بعض اراضي منطقة البصرة : دراسة في الجيومورفولوجيا التطبيقية

اسم المؤلف: صباح عبود عاتي
اسم المشرف: تغلب جرجيس داود
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1988
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This thesis is concerned with the study of the Land 111 Classii'ication of part of Basrah District, applied Geomorph - f,1 ological Approach. The study area lies between lai tuds 0° 20 - - 31° BN & longj)itude 47°E, to Shat - Al - Arab RiverIi from the east bounded by Qurna in the North and Abu - Al - Khaseeb ii in the South. The area is extended from Hor Al - Hammar in the north to Khur Al - Zubeir in the south. Air photos, topoi ~. graphic maps and field checkes revaled that the - a.. - "N : !a could be ciassii'ied to eight land Systems as folJ.o1 - Natural Levees of Shatt Al - Arab.2 - Al - Hartba Land System.3 - Ho.. - Al - Hammar Land System.4 - Hai Al - Shuhadaa Land System.5 - Al - Zubair Land System. u·111 - The.i.ow land of Burgesia Land System.Al - Subkha Land System.8 - Arte.wee Land System.These land Systems have diffe~ent phisicai properties soil texture, percentage of clay minerals, soil PH, So, soditun ion exchange and Salinity.• The study of the area has shown that these variations ;in those elements due the different geomorphological processes : which effected the area. The Zubair land system is formedfrom Alluvial deposits and affected by deflation and denudation while Artawee Land System represent afluvial 'l!deposits of ancient running water. The Hur Al~Hslll!ll8.r formation is part of Marshes and moor lands lie in the Southern part of Iraq. The Natural Levee of Shatt - Al - Arab formed from suspended material carried by the river. Eartha ladd system forever is affected by the flood of Hur Al - Ha~r and Shatt Al - Arab and is formed.by Fluvial Flood plain. Hai Al - Shuhadaa represent the effect ion fresh water deposits on one hand, and by sediments from the Arabian Gul.t during I' the high Tide. It has been found that the high percent or Salinity end gypsum formation are the main elements of salt weathering in the area.The extent and rate of the geomorphological processes are affected by two types : - l. Dry weather and high temperature, so as the salts in solution are drawn up vmrds by capila : rry action and deposits in the upper horizons of the land, especially in Hartha landsystem, the margines of Hur Al - Hammar, the Hai Al - Shuhadaa and Artawee formations. ' The area is also affected by natural subsidense due to the earth staticts process which causes the subsidense of Deltatic area in the southern parts of Mesopotamian plane in Iraq.This plane is fulled up by deposi.. carried by the Tig : ris, Euplu?ates and their tributaries in : addition to the aealian deposits which is thought to be (l,750m3) million and caused t~e high percentage of clllY minerals montmorillon;te type, Silt and gypsum in the flood plain, v1h : t - : : e the quartz and non clay minerals become higher in the western parts of the area. 2. Human interfeJ."ence, where the land is an old civilization area, many civilized construction, had bui.ld up in the area, like rivers and canals used in irrigation processes from ancient times, which caused the aalinimation of the soil, on the other hand, man has constructed some dams at the margins of Hur - Al - Hammar as a mean !or draining the area and reclamation or the dam which was constructed !rom Basrah to use as railways. This dam has prevented the fresh water of the Hur to flood over the area, and exceeds the effects of the Arabian Gulf water to pentrate through it. These reasons revealed that the area become under the influence of high degree of salt weathering which attacts the concrete formation in one hand and lowering the agricult111' 9 capability on the other hand. So the area cound be classified for land use to four c1asses with minor ones.l. Land with minor limitation good for agriculture and civil construction i.e. Natural Levee Land System. 2. Lands with moderate limitation for agriculture and civil construction.3. Lands with moderate sever limitation restrict its use in pasture, agriculture, civil constructions.Lands with extremely sever limitation cannot be used for Human activity. However, the study has revealed that. the area could be [i face in future some problems mainly :

جمهورية اليمن الديمقراطية الشعبية الخصائص الجيوبوليتيكية للموقع الجغرافي واثرها في علاقاتها الدولية

اسم المؤلف: خلف راجح جيناوي المالكي
اسم المشرف: عبد الحميد عبد المجيد القيسي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The coru : lusi.on that the study came out with i~; the significance that the geographical location envoys, lwt.11 011 th., n•ylortMl 1u1d 1.11.. IHUI l\1 AIJ 1..,,v.,I du.. D111mocr.. tic v..... m. For 1 : 11.. intpr - nAtlfHo.~l JJO~IFff&#34;I i&#39;ln~ u...beneficiaries of the geographical location to achieve its strategic and political interests. This has its own reperoussions on Democratic Yamen where it has been partitional into two.Moreover, its has negative infuences on its relations with the neighbouring collntries. All have negative ingluences on national secur i ti. - .This study falls within the field of political geography for it deals with the geopolitical features of the geographical location of the Democratic Republic of Yamen. In order to give prominence to the influence on : 1 - Rise of the state and its development.2 - Nature of the political situation.3 - International Relations The study includes ·{or chaptersChapter one studies the yeographic : al c : ont!lilnte of the geographical location comparing it with elements of power in the state. Chapter two includes the. idea of the state, and the factors of its valuation throuhg studying the tribal tendency, the British policy, and the National movements.Chapter three studies the political situation in tha mtata and the most important political events. This is done through the sutdy of the historical roots of the, ruling political organization and its internal relations.Chapter four studies the international relation of the damccratic republic of Ya.men and the influencing factors, this is studied on two levels.

النقل بالسيارات على الطرق الخارجية في محافظة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Transportation By Automobile On The Highways In Basrah Governorate A Study In Transport Geography

اسم المؤلف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
اسم المشرف: حميد غالب عجيل السكيني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This thesis aims at studying the subject of the transportation by automobile on the highways in Basrah Governorate in 2000 concerning its increase of population, direction, the motives behind its ~ motions,1 and the capacity of these ways to contain this motion.This study is necessary because of the strategic importance of Basrah for its vital geographical position, high density of population and for, having different economic activities. Moreover, Basrah is regarded as the only Iraqi harbour occurring at the Arab Gulf thatmakes it the only path for the lraqi foreign trade through the see... etc. And. due to the significance of automobiles in the process of transportation, this study is conducted to know the range of the automobile's capacity to carry people and goods from Basrah to the other governorate and vice versa. This is know the ability of this kind of transportation to contain this motion and the need to be developed in order to be in a suitable level for present and future activities. This thesis consists of five chapters. The fist chapter deals with he development of the land transportation in Basrah concentrating mainly on the transportation by automobiles. The second one deals with the 1study of the effects of the environmental and human factors on the transportation by automobiles on the highways in Basrah. The third chapter studies the motion of the vehicles on the highways in Basrah. It consists of two sections. The first one deals with the study of the motion of vehicles on the northern and southern highways. - The second section deals with the study of the motion of vehicles on the eastern and western highways. Many observation points have been chosen on the highways for three hours daily and for several days. The fourth chapter deals with the study of the motion of buses on the highways in Basrah. It consists of two sections. The first deals with the motion of buses on the notihern and southern highways. The second deals with the motion of buses on the eastern and western highways. The fifth chapter sheds light on the study of future development in the transportation by automobiles on the highways in 13asrah and what might develop the transportation by automobiles during the next decade.It is concluded through out the study that the motion of the transportation by automobiles on the highways is in a continual shooting up in comparison with the last decades. Moreover, it is found that the motion of the transportation by automobiles on the westernhighways occupies the first position in accordance with the density, followed by the motion on the northern highways, while the motion on the southern highways occupies the third position and lastly the ,, motion on the eastern highways stands in the fourth position in accordance with the motion of the passing automobiles through these ways.

التغلغل الصهيوني في افريقيا بعد بدء ما يسمى بعملية السلام : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == The Zionist Penetration On Africa After The So - Called Peace Process A Study In Political Geography

اسم المؤلف: هاشم كاظم صبيخي الربيعي
اسم المشرف: جواد صندل جازع البدران
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

دراسة جغرافية لمنظومة الري في محافظة بابل == Irrigation System In Babylon Governorate : A Geographical Study

اسم المؤلف: علي صاحب طالب
اسم المشرف: عبد الاله رزوقي احمد كربل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

الموارد المائية في حوض وادي سردود : دراسة في جغرافية الموارد المائية == Aquatic Resources In Wadi Surdud Basin Astudy In The Geoqraphy Of Aquatic Resources

اسم المؤلف: ماجد احمد عبد الله الورد
اسم المشرف: ماجد السيد ولي محمد العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The researcher arrived at the following conclusions concerning water resources in the basin of wadi (valley) surdud : 1. It is situated to the west of the capital San' a between lont,>titudes of 42.30 - 44.00 to the east and latitudes 15.00 - 15.40 to the north. It is an arid and semi - arid area.2. The area of the basin of the wadi is 2846.7 Km2. Topographically, this wadi is divided in to two sections. The first section is the coastal plain, which is characterized by being dilated with some inclination towards the Red Sea. The second section is the eastern heights of the basin of the wadi, which contain mountains of very steep slopes. These mountains reach height of more than 3000 meters.3. The climate in the wadi is not equable for example, temperature is high (43.3 C0 ) in the coastal plain area in July where as it decreases on the peaks of the mountain slopes to reach 22.7C0 in the same time of the year.4. The soil of the wadi, along the whole water path, is almost alluvial thick because of the flood deposits where as it is a mixture in the southern and northern parts of the wadi. 5. Vegetation cover is poor in the coastal plain of the wadi because of the dry climatic conditions and grass is dominating.6. The basin of the wadi is nearly triangle and its shape coefficient is 0.26.7. Relief rate in the wadi is 35.2 111/km.8. River grading ranks in the wadi arc six with 2449 downstream.9. The meandering rate in the wadi is l.43. This means that the wadi is zigzagged.10. Drainage types in the wadi are the tributary and the perpendicular.11. Underground water is almost every where in the basin of the wadi and it is easy to take out especially in the plain area.12.Underground water in the wadi is supplied by filtration from the bottom of the wadi. From running rain water and from irrigation surplus. 13.The depth where underground water is found in the wadi ranger from l 0 to 30 meters and it increases to more than SO meters in the area of the alluvial soil.14.The total rate ?fwater taken out from artesian and manually - digged wells is 133 x 106 m3/r.15.Water in the basin of wadi surdud is appropriate for different uses in terms of UN and WHO criteria.16.Number of population of the basin of the wadi is about 380.000. 17. Water needs for domestic purposes is 1S.200.00 liter /day.18. The total area of the land irrigated by water of wadi surdud is 33.000 hectares and the total water consumption is 1295.000 m3 /r. 19.The main crops in the wadi are cereals, vegetable and fruit.20.Livestock in the wadi is 250.000 in number and it consumes water of 760.500 m3/r.21. Water balance in the wadi is achieved by summation of the available surface and underground water and it is estimated to be 202 million m3/r.Total water need is 145.460.000 m3/r.

من خصائص ترب محافظة ميسان : دراسة في جغرافية التربة

اسم المؤلف: عصام طالب عبد المعبود السالم
اسم المشرف: داود جاسم الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

القارية والمحيطية في مناخ العراق بتاثير المسطحات المائية المحيطة به

اسم المؤلف: كرامة ناجي عبود
اسم المشرف: عبد الاله رزوقي احمد كربل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1997
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: There were many geographical as well as climatical studies that were devoted to tudy diffrent climatic elments , factors and phenomena in Iraq.However, few of them gave the subject of the degree ofContinentality & Oceanity in Iraq climate and factors by which it was affected the erequired attention.The present study intends to estimate the effect(s) of the five seas surround Iraq namely Black sea,Red sea,Mediterranean sea, Capsin sea and the Arabian gulf, on the degree of Cotintenentality & Oceanity in Iraq climate.The main aim of this study ,in conjunction with the above ,is to find a regional distribution patteren according to the degree of Continentality & Oceanity in different parts of the country and to notify up to what degree this distribution agree with the climatic regions obtained throughout the application of a number of standar climatic classifications.Data relied in this study was collected from a fifteen meterological stations spreading along the whole Iraqi land. these include : ZAKHO , SALAHADDIN , SULAyYMN~IYA , MOSUL, KIRK.UK, BAIJI, KHANAQEEN , ANAH , RUTBA , BAGHDAD , NAJAF , HAI , AMARA, NASIRIY A and BASRAH for asmall climatic cycle of eleven years in the period from 1980 - 1990.Asceintific background of this topic was attempted in chapter one which consist of three sections : the first one used to define the Continentality & Oceanity concept.Mathimatical equations and expressions used to determine the Continentality & Oceanity and the corresbonding standar climatic classifications are intended in the second section. A topographical study for the five seas mentioned before , and thier climatic influences on Iraq , is conducted in section three.A detailed analysis and discussion of various climatic elements and factors such as air temprature, pressure , rain falls , air mass, etc. and their contribution onto the Continentality & Oceanity degree were obtained in chapter two.According to their Continentality & Oceanity degree different parts of Iraqi land 11~,Pivided into a number of regions using different equations and sta?Oar~.. '1'.lotov~ aclimatic regional divission to Iraqi climate was obtain~ accord..U i'ti.<to 'four =tan.d'd climatic classifications namely : KOPPEN , THOTyRNW : CE· ·. ,DE ~ ONE , LANGE. There a compars10n study has been made be en them w ; so discussed in details. Moreover the study consist of many illustrative figures (charts &maps ) showing the behavior of different climatic elements and there distributions.Study include also final conclusion article to specify the final results obtained..

قضاء الزبير : دراسة تطبيقية في الخرائط الاقليمية == Qadah Ai - Zubaip Appleciable Study In Regional Maps

اسم المؤلف: حنان علي شكير العتابي
اسم المشرف: مصطفى عبد الله محمد السويدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1999
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims at preparing an regional atlas consists of a set of specialized maps which deals with geographical, natural, and humanitarain characteristics to Qadha Al - Zubir. This subject derives its importance from using the representation of the map and its analysis in the geographical research in general and the regional studies in particular.. The study falls into two parts. Part One includes of four chapters.Chapter One represents the theortical framework of regional geography : its importance the region concept, the problem of determining region and the importance of map in the geographical research. Moreover, it deals with maps of region and the regional atlas. As for as Qadha Al - Zubir is concerned, Chapter one deals analytically with the maps of its atlas.Chapter two hardies with the natural characteristics of Qadha AlZubir : Location, area, geological construction, parts of earth surface and their features, climatic features, water resources, Soil, and the natural plant. Chapter three deals with population ofQadha AL - Zubir. It discusses the distribution of population according to environment and sex. Then, it deals with the geographical distribution of the population depen ding upon · certain criteriaChapter Four tackles with the economical activities in Qadha ALZubir : agriculture activity industrial activity, geographical distribution of oil >yells, and the roads of transportation in this place Part two, which represents the regional atlas of Qadha AL - zubir,consists of 32maps. Each one of these maps has its own in formation concerning the means and the representations of the maps. Besides this atlas incJudes 15 assistant figures in order to give a complete and clear idea as far as possible about this place. The study has arrived at some results and , recommendations.

استخدام تقنيتي التحسس النائي ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS في دراسة الملامح الجيومورفولوجية ما بين شط العرب وخور الزبير == The Using Of Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Ystems (GIS) In Study Geomorphologyic Features Between Shatt Al - Arab And Khor Al - Zubuir

اسم المؤلف: محمد عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
اسم المشرف: تغلب جرجيس داود | قاسم محمود السعدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aimed to delineated the geomorphologic features in the area bounded between Shatt Al - Arab and Khor Al - Zubair by means of Remote sensing and Geographic Information system (GIS) techniques, southern Basrash city. The study traversestarted from Al - Saraji River in the north to the shore line of Arabian Gulf (Ras Al - Bisha) in the south. To acieved this study the researcher adopts four main methods : descriptive (filed trips), origin, development, and quantitative methods, the last one comprises theanalysis of texture and other physical and chemical soil properites, as well as, the using of GIS technique, i.e., the using of satellite image which supplied by the Landsat - 7, this image has many bands;1,2,3,4,5,7, and 8 bands, the sixth band was excluded because of its thennal nature which is out of the present study scope. To present a full desctiption and explanation for the geometric features, the data bases was employed for maps construction, the satellite images was subjected to many soft maps construction, the satellite image was subjected to many soft ware program to carried out engineering correction, digitization management, and position analysis and date base builddup to achieve the necessary maps. The information abstracted from the image analysis in addition to the physical and chemical properties of the study soils enable us to categorized the observed geomorphic features into four main unit; natural levees, transitional lands, sabkhas, and tidal flats, furthermore 1l is also thepresent present study emphasized the activity of GIS in offering time and efforts in studying the natural phenomena incomparsion with the traditional methods, moreover the GIS provide us with high flexibility in controlling the scale of the prepared maps. Regarding the physical and chemical weathering processes, the present study proved that the extension, contraction, dryness and wethess process play an important role in physical weathering which seems to be the dominant processes incomparsion with chemical one. The deposited sediments of both fluvial and Aeolian origin yield new lands, the continuous sediments deposition during 1983 - 2002 period creating a new land with a total area of about 92278 square meters.

التباين المكاني لخصائص سكان سلطنة عمان حسب تعداد 1993 : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == The Place Difference Of The Population'S Characteristics Of Sultanate Of Oman According To Census Of 1993 Analysis - Population Study

اسم المؤلف: حسين عليوي ناصر الزيادي
اسم المشرف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: It is clear that the population geography has got a remarkable position mong branches of human geography clue to the importance of population in perations of planning and development. There is an obvious shortage in the opulation studies concerning Sultmrnte of Onrnn because the first census in the ultanate took place in December 1993 and other one was in the end of 2003. ftcr the researcher had got the preliminary results of this census, he included it the subject of this study so as to make comparison and know the time velopment of this phenomenon so a time dimension had been added to this Udicd phenomenon.l : The study is divided into four chapters. The first chapter has discussed the puh1tion growth in the Sultanate since the beginning of the twentieth century t I 2003. This chapter is divided into five subjects. The second subject has s died the population growth of Omanis and non - Omanis. As for the third s bjcct, it has tackled the natural increase of population, birth rate and death r tc depending on modern statistics issued by the ministry of health and n 1tional economy in Sultanate of Oman. The fourth subject has studied the f. urc of population growth in the sultanate while the fifth subject has studied ti urban growth.The second chapter has studied immigration and its geographical traits. Jt 1s divided into three subjects. The first subject has tackled the coming 11 uigration, its sources and currents. As for the second subject has studied rnal immigration. The third subject has studied the traces of immigration. The third chapter , which is the biggest one, has studied the distribution a density of the population. lt is divided into three subjects. The first subject h studied the size and relative distribution of population on the level the S ltanate and nationality. The second subject has been allocated to study ncrs of the distribution and its kinds. Population concentrations in the S tanate have been studied in detail we have cnlrnnced thut by maps, diagrams an tables. The third subject of this chapter has showed the effecting factors inth population distribution.Due to the importance of population structure, this subject has been sh eel in the last chapter which was divided into six subjects such as agest cturc , sex - structure 111 economic - structure, religious - structure, educationalstr cture and marriage structure.The study has concluded many results , the most important of which is dis ·ibution of population in the Sultanate in addition to the disability and dif rcncc that prevailed the former population estimations of the year of census as ell as the increase of illiteracy in the Sultanate. · In addition to that the Omani worl•crs were in the marginal jobs while the inc ming workers increased in the productive jobs.

التباين المكاني للمرائب الرئيسية في محافظة ميسان == Diffrential Location Of The Main Garages In The Missan Governorate

اسم المؤلف: ضحى لعيبي كاظم السدخان
اسم المشرف: سعدي علي غالب
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study deals with the main garages in the Governorate ofMissan that ( represent the terminal of the movement of external, internal, and international means of transport. In the Governorate, this has made the private transport service adopt procedures about organization and submitting the services of transport in arranged. The means transport, operating at the garages, stand for a fundamental language for getting to and interconnecting with the city and it is outskirts in addition to the Govern orate and neighboring provinces. Also after the development and improvement of transport network;expansion of roads and interconnecting of chief garages are regarded a foundation of basic requirement for economic and social grpwth that will lead to the reduction of cost of transport. Later the reduction of cost commodities with link - up of entities of production with entities of consumption, taking the outlying regions out of isolation, ·facilitates the spread of cultural and sanitary services. It is not strange for center ·• of cities to be crowded and suffering from the traffic - game on account of the unexpected increase in the vehicles.The Governorate provided a large number of vehicles exceeding, it isl capacity and potential of regulation of streets and the area of the main garages! that cannot accommodate up to that increase in the number of vehicles operating!. the garages, this has results in difficulties and appearance of a lot of irregular situation witch have influenced the time - table of traffic in the main garageSJ owing to increase of demand of transport drivers.As a result of variety of location of the chief garages in the Govemorate, : the study only concerns the movement of transport of passengers and suffering of some garages from failure of planning in choosing this sites, so the stud)t relies on references and sources of a library in addition to the field study that ha$ contained some part of the subject in detail because of the carcity of source$ i concerning the topic of transport in Maisan.The research is composed of five chapters. The first one is about thit understanding of public transport; the second one focuses the natural principle$ and human factors affecting the motion of transport in the garages. The third one deal with the location of area, number of Jines, kinds of motion of transport anlll date of construction of garages, the fourth one studies the queuing theory. The fifth one is about public and private problems and problems of driver's vehicle taking conclusions and suggestions for solving such problems into consideration at the terminals (garages).

التوسع المساحي لمدينة البصرة 1947 - 2003 : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Areal Expansion To Basrah City 1947 - 2003

اسم المؤلف: صلاح هاشم زغير مبارك الاسدي
اسم المشرف: ماهر يعقوب موسى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aims at investigating the phenomenon of area expansion of Basra city , together with examining the directions of this expansion and the factors that affect increasing the city area , as well as the influences that such an expansion makes in the city and its adjacent lands. The problem of the study can be summed up in that Basra city in the period 194 7 - 2003 expanded in its area by the leaping approach into different directions leaving lands of variable areas inside the city unexploited , in its tum , is reflected on the city achievement of its jobs.The significance of the study lies in the fact that it can be regarded a guide to studying other Iraqi cities throughout studying Basra city to solve the problems resulting from this expansion. This can be listed as an endeavor to estimate the real need to the urban areaBasra city is of a historical dimension and it has developed its jobs to arrive at Such a high level. This development could not happen unless a number of shard factors worked together to draw the city picture with all its surveying and demographic dimensions. The city of Basra has an obvious property , representing in its geographical position which gathers a unique social , cultural , and economic structure , which makes it somehow different from other Iraqi cities.The present city deals with the surveying expansion of Basra city in a particular period 194 7 - 2003 for a number of reasons. First , the study depends on the first census made in Iraq in 194 7 , which helps examine the surveying development of the city throughout connecting it with the statistical side ( the nurp.ber of city population ). Second , the first design of the city was made in 1942 , five years before the official census which helps follow such a development. Third , examining the surveying development of the city largely depends on its demographic weight , which clarifies the directions of this expansion. Such a development cannot be understood unless the researcher follows the movement of the demographic census ~ I inside the city. To achieve this aim , a specific geographical approach is followed in the four chapter of the study.Chapter One presents the theoretical background of the study , including the definitions , concept , and theories which are , in one way or anther , related to the subjected of the study.some of the definitions and concepts presented here are somehow similar in their titles. Besides , the chapter shows the theories that dealt with the internal structure of the city , and the approaches of surveying expansion , as well as studying the stages of city development so as to achieve the research objective. f Chapter Two exhibits the analysis of the factors of the city surveying expansion. These factors have played a very essential role in time and location , in terms of the objective Conditions of each stage that the city surveying development has passed through. Consequently , this chapter comes to be historical , descriptive , and analytic , which depends , in its information , on historical and field resources.Chapter three Consists of three axes. The first axis deals with the obstructions of the surveying expansion , whether Topographical obstructions or Human ones , and their influence on the city expansion in its successive stages. The Second axis examines the expansion directions through the stages of the city 1 development , and finally the third axis reflects the designing efforts.Chapter Four deals with three items , the first of which investigates the expansion influences , direct or indirect , on the city , whether in the quality of the services presented , its morphology , or its social influences on the population. The Second item clarifies the affects of such an expansion on the adjacent lands , whether the cultivated lands or the empty ones. The last item reflects the surveying expansion future of the city according to three approaches : the prophetic, the average of the individual 's shave , and the criteria of the urban designing.

القيم الفعلية للامطار واثرها في التباين المكاني لزراعة محصولي القمح والشعير في العراق

اسم المؤلف: باسمة علي جواد
اسم المشرف: ماجد السيد ولي محمد العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1987
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

النقل في مدينة البصرة : دراسة في النقل الحضري == Transportation In Basrah City A Study In Urban Transportation

اسم المؤلف: حميد غالب عجيل السكيني
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1998
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to deal with the subject of transportation in Basrah city, as Ii study urban transportation geography, to evalute the qualification of the elements o , transprtation, particularly the ability of the modes and means of transportion, routes in fulfiling the needs of the movement of transportation in the city to face th1 demands of the city in transporting people and goods at present and future.. This general objective requires studying the relationship between the urbagrowth of the city and the development of transportation in it, and analysing landuse in the city in general, and the transportation landuse in particular. To achiere this ai there has to be an emphasis on transportation movement in the city concerning i directions, motivations, density, and the variables affecting transport in order to dra acl~ picture of the present of transport in the city.• The study b dirided into six chapter. Chapter one deals with the urhan grot I and development of transportation in Basrah city because of the close relations 11 between them, and for the long history of the city. ,Chapter two discusses the transportation landuse in the city, including tar, , water, and air, where emphasis will be on the distribution of land use and the relati n ' ii ship between them in order to evaluate their qualifications.Chapter three deals with the directions of transportations morement in the c ty which result from the relationships between the different landuses in the city and its region. Some aspects, such as population distribution, trips orginates and ps : terminates, routes of trips, and time of trips are considered in this chapter. ·Chapter foure examines the motives behind transportation movements in the c •hese motives lead to the movement of people through out the city. Three motives, in eluding working, shoping, and recreation, are dealt with in this chap Chapter five presents the density of transportation in the city, which ~ a. significant criteria used to eraluate quxlifications of modes of transportation and r~s.The last chapter deals with the variables affecting transportation in the ci at present and fature. To analyse the relations between these variables and tr ansporta on, certain statistscal methods are used.

تحليل بيئي للعوامل المؤثرة في نوعية الملوثات الجوية لمحافظة البصرة == Environmental Analysis Of Factors Influences The Quality Of Air Pollutants In Basrah Governorate

اسم المؤلف: ايمان كريم عباس المياحي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: influence and determine the quality of air pollutants in Al - Basrah governorate. It deals in details with the most crucial human an natural pollutants air factors such as rain falling , dust , lead in domestic dust , the acid rain degree , the concentrations of some gases (Oxide and amoniaoxide Carbon, amoni - oxide Sulfuric , Hydrocarbons , Chlorine , di hydrogine sulfur and Amonia ) throughout the area using (Aspirating Pump OS 50) and some bottles fir measuring atmosphere gases in part per million (ppm).The study falls into four chapters. Chapter one deals with the ·theoretical and systematic of the thesis , chapter.utwo tackles the natural factors that influence , positively or negatively the problem of the study , Chapter three discusses the human factors that help in causing the problem And chapter four includes a locational analysis of the most important air pollutants throughout collecting and measuring them and reaching at their concentrations.The study arrives at the following conclusions : 1. The astronomic position determines the climatic characteristics of the study area for it falls in the dry region which is reflected on the other natural factors and their effects on the distributions and concentrations of these pollutants.The geographical position of the study area , which is adjacent to Thi - Qar governorate which has the highest repetition of dusty and sandy storms in Summar , has a negative effect in increasing these pollutants in this area. In addition , there are some oilycountries adjacent to the study area that have an important role in casting much of these pollutants.The flat surface helps in activating the role of the wind in spreading the air pollutants and never be concentrated in certain places. This decreased the problem of air pollution.The climate causes the aridity of the soil , and fewness of the natural that supports the raising of the striping operation and the oxidation of the elements and gases that cause air pollution.The sandy dry soil has a negative role because of the easiness of its denudation by the wind which causes air pollution in the western part.Even water helps in absorbing some of the air pollutants and finding agricultural distances and natural plants. However , this factor looses much of its vital role because of the human interference in its pollution by drying out most of the marshes.The scarcity of natural plants has a negative role in protecting the air from pollution. The population which is (2100326 person) fling rubbish to the environment without any remedy. This increases the problem of the study.9. The fewness of the agricultural areas influences in increasing the problem of the study , in addition to the use of the chemical and organic fertilizers , insecticide and others.10. The increasing number of vehicles from (51383) at 2003 to (104012) at the end of 2004 increas air pollution. 11. Most of the environmental pollutants was resulted from some essential industries.12. The wars plays a great and danger role in destructing the environment.13. The highest average of the falling dust in the western side in Qhur Al - Zubair was (71.9) g/m2 , and the lowest average in the eastern ,., ~ side in Abu Al - Khaseeb was (38.6) g/m2 14. The amount of (Co2) exceeded its natural concentration (0.03) ppm. The highest concentration was (0.08 - 0.3) ppm and the lowest was (O.Ol)ppm.15. The oxide Carbon (Co) exceeded its natural and permitted concentration. The highest polluted concentration of the gas was (80 - 100) ppm, and the lowest was (5) ppm.16. The concentration of the polluted sulfur Dioxide (So2) exceeded its natural and permitted concentration the highest polluted concentration was (20 - 30) ppm, and the lowest was (10) ppm.17. The hydrocarbons had polluted concentrations exceeded permitted ones , as the highest polluted concentration was (10 - 20) ppm, and the lowest was (5 - lO)ppm.18. The chlorine gas has polluted concentrations exceeded the permitted ones, as the highest concentration was (1.0 - 2.0)ppm , and lowest was (5.0 - 1.0)ppm.19. The Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) has polluted concentrations the highest was (3 - 5) ppm and the lowest was (2) ppm. 20. The Amonia (NH3) gas has polluted concentration , the highest was (10 - 15) ppm, and the lowest polluted ones was (5) ppm.21. The highest average of the obstacles concentrations that contain lead (pb) was (2112.84) mlg/m3 , in which the percentage of the lead was (0.515)ppm in the southern sandy side , and the lowest concentrations of these obstacles that had lead of about (1623.28)mlg/m3 and (0.258)ppm was in Sa'ad Sequare.22. The concentration of the lead in the demostic dust is (0.033) ppm in Al - Basrah and (0.030) ppm in Al - Hartha.23. The (PH) of the falling rain varied between (6.9 - 8.4) , the highest one was (8 - 4) in Al - Basrah , and the lowest was (6.9) in Al - Qurna.

تحليل جغرافي لظاهرة التصحر في محافظة بابل == A Geographical Analvsis Ot The Deserification Phenomenon In Babel Province

اسم المؤلف: عمار عبد الرحيم حسين المندلاوي
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == United Arab Emirates Study At The Political Geography

اسم المؤلف: عبد العالي حبيب حسين
اسم المشرف: سعود عبد العزيز عبد المحسن الشعبان الفضلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This research aims to evaluate the natural , popular , econ ic "''u~· political factors according to the political geography point of iew • the influence of these factors on the interior behaviour of the cta1111try through the spread of resources and the external inf,ueh includes the foreign relationships of the country. I The research shows , too that· the UAE have an imP<> gic geographical position made this country an important ce important circle meet there communications ways amor)g he ent centres of trade. In addition , this country has long aoa ts lfltlrlh. lie on two gulfs Arab and Oman Gulf granted the country S\'OU ce apolitical power The research also explains that the UAE suffers from m ny wililHlems such as ( Shortage of water , bad soil quality , the com ng ants and the shortage of self - efficiency ) which cause to ial conomic dangers affect on the UAE behaviour internal!~ a d itM11na11y..The research shows the small number of UAE citizerts y an idea about the number of population which is about(70250 ). eans its rate is ( 24 ,3 °/o ) from the whole UAE people in 200 , ~~llltieans looking for substitutions reconcile the shortage of work rs lead to depending on emigrants with all different influenc s 1111 : a· are caused by those who emigrate to the country.This research shows us that the UAE economy mostly drt11 ds on oil export which form great importance in foreign trad~ to

التمثيل الخرائطي لمظاهر استعمالات الارض لمدينة ابي الخصيب وتقييمها لعام 2014 باستخدام تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية == Cartographic Representation Of Land Use For Abu Al - Khaseeb City And Its Evaluation In - 2014 Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems Technology

اسم المؤلف: جمعة مبارك عزيز الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: طارق جمعة علي المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة ثلاثة محاور تمثل الاول في بناء قاعدة معلومات متكاملة عن منطقة الدراسة استنادا الى معطيات الاستشعار عن بعد اذ استخدمت بيانات للقمــر الاصطناعـــي الامريـــكي(Land Sat)، فضلا عن استخدام بيانات القمر(Quick Bird 2) ومرئية(NDVI) المستخلصة من | The Study examined the Three Axes the First represents the construction of an integrated database for the Study area based on the data of Remote Sensing as Study used data from the US artificial satellite (Land Sat), as well as the use of Satellite data (Quick Bird 2) and visible (NDVI) derived from the Digital Processing Operations as well as data Digital Classification of Both Types (Supervised Classification and Unsupervised Classification ) and visual, as the Study area in the southeastern part of the province of Basra which its area (47 570) km2 in the district of Abu Al - khaseeb Center by 5.2% of the total amount of the district space (908 ) km2 located between astronomical latitudes (30°, 24?.55?? O30°, 27?.50?) in the North and along the brackets (47°, 53?.48? O48°, 1?, 48?) to the East, the city's population is estimated to be (128 682) people. The Second Axes Representation of Cartographic for land use and then Evaluated within some spatial and Statistical tools available within the GIS Environment (GIS) after the election of a Number of criteria such as : standard size (using the query tool (Area Query), Standard efficiency distribution uses by Using the link Neighboring coefficient ( (Nearest Neighbor Analysis, Standard direction of the distribution of actual and ideal uses Using the Default Positioning Point (ideal) (Central Feature) and the actual Point of concentration ((Mean Central, Standard Easy Access to the Service Using the Service range (Buffer), the Standard Number of Population whom are serviced by using congruence (overlay ) and the Intersection between the Classes (intersect), concluded the Study through these tools to the digital maps showed several of those uses is obvious inability to meet the requirements of the Population within the local Standards, in particular the use of the Service. In the Third Axes, the Study concluded that the adaptation of Technicians available in the GIS can be used to create the optimal Sites for New Services. constructing convenience spatial model (Suitability Model) as the retina (Raster) to the Best Site.

تصميم نظام معلومات جغرافي لتقييم كفاءة محطات تصفية المياه في مدينة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Designing A Geographic Information System To Evaluate The Efficiency Of Water Treatment Plants In The City Of Basra : A (Study In Urban Geography)

اسم المؤلف: غزوان اسحاق يعقوب
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم زغير الاسدي | خديجة عبد الزهرة حسين
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اعتمدت الدراسة الحالية تصميم نظام معلومات جغرافي لتقييم كفاءة محطات تصفية المياه في مدينة البصرة، وتاتي اهمية هذا الموضوع من خلال الطلب المتزايد على المياه لاسباب عدة اهمها الزيادة السكانية والتوسع المساحي للمدينة،ووجود مشكلة حقيقية تتعلق بقلة كمية المياه | The current study adopted the design a geographic information system to evaluate the efficiency of water treatment plants in the city of Basra, and the importance of this issue through the growing demand for water for several reasons, the most important population increase and expansion of the areal of the city, and the existence of a real problem concerning the lack of water quantity and poor quality, but the purpose of the adequacy of the amount of water evaluation produced in the filter plants, it had to be the spatial distribution of plants, and the statement of its production capacities, and the spatial distribution of the network of pure water distribution, and representation Jaraittiya adoption of GIS technology (Arc Gis) and software (Arc Map), then divide the study area into nine ranges of service, According to the plants fed by comparing the amount of daily consumption of the population and housing units with the amount of the actual energy that feeds its service ranges, it showed the study of two types of the first service ranges in which the deficit in the amount of produced water, and the second showed a surplus which, the quantitative assessment of the distribution network showed three types of the service ranges, the first amount of water which is sufficient and the power of compressed high - called pregnancy higher the applicable zone, and the second a few quantity of water and the strength of compressed high - called load applied to the Mediterranean region, and the third a few quantity of water and the strength of low pressure called the pregnancy low applied area. while the qualitative assessment of the efficiency of plants and distribution network in the light of the demonstrated biological analyzes, chemical, physical, and comparing the approved standards at the ministries of health and the environment, and showed a negative study, some analyzes in some stations and different points of the distribution network, and positive to each other, and the study showed expectations increase future in the numbers of the population and housing units, and increase consumption. The results of the study to the following : 1 - that the filter stations are not working their energy design and available, but working the actual her energy, which vary from one station to another, from one chapter to another, as a result of association with hours of operation, where total in the winter of 2014 separated about (672937.5 m 3 / day), while total in summer about 624843.75 m3 / day).) 2 - total service ranges from pure water consumption in 2014 amounted to about (778338.08 m 3 / day), and the study pointed to a decrease in the amount of production as much as in the winter about ( - 105400.58 m 3 / day), and in the summer about ( - 153 494.33 m3 / day).3 - study pointed to expectations of future increase in population and housing units, and an increase in the amount of consumption is expected to reach in 2020 about (924100.6 m 3 / day), and is expected to reach the lack of production is about ( - 251156.1 m3 / day), if I stayed stations the same current production capacities

التكرارات السطحية للمنظومات الضغطية الشمولية المؤثرة في مناخ شبه الجزيرة العربية == Surface Duplication Of Totalitarian Systems Barotrauma Affecting The Climate Of The Arabian Peninsula

اسم المؤلف: علي محســـن طاهر الابراهيمي
اسم المشرف: عزيز كوطي حسين الحسيناوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة التكرارات السطحية للمنظومات الضغطية الشمولية المؤثرة في مناخ شبه الجزيرة العربية,مستندا على منهجية واضحة تتلائم وطبيعة الموضوع في تحليل خرائط الطقس اليومية لدورة مناخية صغرى امدها احد عشر عاما وهي التي تبداء من السنة(1998/1997)و | This research aims to study duplicates surface systems piezoelectricity totalitarian affecting the climate of the Arabian Peninsula, based on a clear methodology fit the nature of the subject in the analysis of weather maps daily cycle climatic junior standing a ten - year - old that starting from the year (1997/1998) and ending in the year (2007/2008), and relying on Alrsdtan (00) (012) universal time.Were calculated duplicates surface systems piezoelectricity affecting the climate of the Arabian Peninsula during the period above which appeared clear over the area of study at the level of barotrauma (1000) millibars, and the show was a difference Tkaradtha temporally from one month to another and from one year to another depending on the observations as well as the variation Tkaradtha between the two regions North the South and the various systems piezoelectricity affecting the climate of the region.It was found through research that there are several factors affecting the duplicates surface inclusiveness, including fixed as the location astronomer and geographer, and the varying manifestations terrain over the area and the neighboring areas of the region, including animation that affect the variation duplicates spatially and temporally to the study area such as temperature maximum and minimum relative humidity and atmospheric pressure. Has led site Arabian Peninsula, which is located within the south - western part of the continent of Asia, according to the latitude extended above to be an area of conflict for the extreme weather months, which are affected by several types of heights Kalmrtf air subtropical and highair Siberian and high atmospheric EU and the heights of the heat island, as well as vulnerability of several types of systems, low Kalmnkhvd Sudanese Air India and low seasonal depressions and NPF and depressions of the Arabian Peninsula and the Arabian Sea and low depressions merged. It was evident from the study that the highlands through the air affecting the climate of the Arabian Peninsula has recorded the highest rates in the northern region, while depressions recorded the highest in the southern region.

اثر التغير المناخي في تغيير حركة الاخاديد والانبعاجات الهوائية واثرها في مناخ العراق == The Impact Of Climate Change In The Change Of The Movement Of Grooves And Air Indentations Aerobic Affecting Iraqi Climate

اسم المؤلف: منصور غضبان يزاع الجوراني
اسم المشرف: عزيز كوطي حسين الحسيناوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to show the impact of climate change on the movement of he pllenomenon of grooves and Air indentations that appear at the level of ess111re 500 millibars, since the study relied on a clear methodology to cope 'th the subject, through analyzing liturgical daily maps for the purpose of owledge frequency and duration of the phenomenon over Iraq for the period 1957 - 2008) for meteorology ( •• ) with international timing , for three imatic cycle for each one seventeen years and know the amount of changeemporally through its climate and space between one region and another, here the length of stay varied Feeding Frequencies from month to month. As well as the study showed that grooves pneumatic control on Iraq starting rom September until March and was the northern region is the biggest impact ut of central and southern regions, while the control indentations air from April o August and the southern region was the most affected central and northern egions.As well as the impact of this change on the climate of temperature eat (maximum and minimum), relative humidity and dust storms, through the nalysis of climate data for the six stations climatic surface by two each region of the race three North, Central and South and for the same duration and number of cycles It has been also analyzed the correlation between the phenomenon of grooves and indentations with temperature maximum and minimum relative humidity in addition to rain as varied values of relations between the positive and negative weak, medium and strong and full of the three stations that have been selected to represent the northern and central regions and the southern and month and last for the stations it selves

التنبؤ بالتساقط باستخدام بيانات الغطاء الغيمي في العراق : دراسة في جغرافية المناخ == Forecasting The Precipitation By Using Cloud Cover Data In Iraq Study In The Geography Of The Climate

اسم المؤلف: سالار علي خضر الدزيي
اسم المشرف: نعمة محسن لفتة الفتلاوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The aim of this study is (forecasting the precipitation by using cloud cover data in Iraq). To achieve this goal, the properties of low, medium and high clouds affecting Iraq mounted (27) types are studied through their diffusion percentage (coverage), base height, types and the relation between each of these properties and rainfall with its five shapes (drizzle - rains - snows - heavy showers and thunderstorms). for eight climatic stations from Iraq (Mosul, Kirkuk, Baghdad, Rutba, Al - Hay, Diwayniya, Nasiriya and Basra).The research results were reached the following points : - Concerning the clouds' properties like their diffusion percentage and base height, the results have proved that the season difference affects these two properties greatly where the diffusion percentage of the clouds increases during winter and decreases during spring and autumn, also the base height of the clouds decreases during winter and increases during spring and autumn. - As to the nine types of low clouds, it is found that they do not appear evenly for some types appear more than the others.Generally, the types of low clouds that hold the characteristics of the layered clouds and the accumulated clouds are the most apparent types in Iraq weathers such as the layered accumulation clouds on one hand. The appearance of types with the layered shapes increases during cold months (winter), whereas the appearance of types with accumulated shapes increases during moderate months (spring and autumn) on the other hand. - For types of medium clouds, their appearance average also varies according to their types. The appearance of the layered types increases during winter and the appearance of the accumulated types increases during spring and autumn, too. - The high clouds are characterized with their all nine types being at the peak of appearance averages during spring, autumn then winter.The results, related to the relation between rainfall and its types with the clouds' base height, prove that there are heights for clouds' bases contribute largely in forming rainfall and its shapes Vs the non contribution of other heights except with too little rates of rainfall. Regarding the relation nature between rainfall and its shapes with low and medium clouds, it is clear that not all types of low and medium clouds are unproductive for some types are greatly responsible of forming rainfall compared to other types thathave a too little role, on one hand. It is found that there are certain types of clouds responsible of certain types of rainfall and its shapes, on the other hand. In order to complete the picture concerning this subject, the analytic method of flat and upper maps air for the two pressure levels (850 - 500) Millibar is used to define the types of the flat and upper pressure system responsible of forming the types of clouds and their height forming in tum different rainfall shapes. The results have proved the existence of a certain order for those different pressure systems during the formation of a certain shape of clouds and rainfall. This order is exposed to change during the occurrence of another shape of rainfall. These changes can be used for future forecast of various rainfall shapes. In addition, T t/> gram diagram is used to define the thickness and height of chosen types of low and medium clouds functionally through following ·up the temperature of air and dew point.

الخدمات الصناعية لمدينة البصرة

اسم المؤلف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تحليل جغرافي للخدمات التعليمية في ريف محافظة الانبار

اسم المؤلف: بلال بردان علي الحياني
اسم المشرف: محمد دلف احمد الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Educational services are the most important services that affect the life of the population. They represent active tools in the economic, social, health, cultural and technological structure.The distribution of parameters of the educational services, particularly, the educational organizations and their buildings, constitutes a problem for students to join these organizations. Also, it affects the efficiency of these facilities specially in the ruralregions that are characterized by different modes for distributing the rural settlements that effect the distribution of services and, as a result, affect the efficiency of these services.The present study aims to analyze the educational services in Anbar province rural regions, spatially, quantatively and qualitatively, to depict the efficiency of these services throughout their stages of development in the rural regions in Anbar provinceto compare them with these in the center of the province and in the country and its rural regions. Moreover, it aims to identify the recent and future need for these services in the rural regions of the province.The introduction has consisted of a limitation of the problem, its hypothesis, objectives of the study, its significance, methodology and a review of previous studies.The study has included an introduction, four chapters followed by conclusions and recommendations. The first chapter has covered the development of educational services in the rural regions in the province from the Othman era until today by dividing this era into periods on the basis of the developments the educational services have entertained, and comparing these services with their counterparts in the province and Iraq and its rural regions depending on educational as well as population indications.The second chapter has dealt with an analysis of the real state of the educational services in rural regions in the province for the academic year 20I0 - 2011 by studying the sectarial structure of these services and - - Oet€rmining - their - rates - - to those - in - the.pro¥.ince and Iraq and its rural regions. Also, it has studied the spatial distribution of the educational services in rural regions in the province all the level of all stages. It has analyzed the quantitative and qualitative reality of the school facilities in the rural part of theprovince.The third chapter has focused on the relative change of educational services in the rural part of province throughout the period from 1987 to 2010 to depict the regions gaining more attention by the state regarding education dissemination. The fourth chapter has talked the analysis of the efficiency of educational services in the rural part of the province using statistical methods and GIS as well as educational and population indications and the ease to get to facilities, population satisfaction.It gives an indication of the present and future need for educational organizations and their facilities in the rural part of the province until 2015.The study has ended with a number of conclusions and recommendations the researcher hopes will contributes in improving the state of the educational services in the rural part of the province.

تغيرات بيئة اهوار جنوب العراق وتاثيراتها الجغرافية == Environment Changes It Southern 1Rau Marshlands And Its Geouraubtcal Impacts

اسم المؤلف: عبير يحيى احمد الساكني
اسم المشرف: ماهر يعقوب موسى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The purpose behind this study is the analysis of spatialdistribution for the marshes, and the influence of human;interference in the changing of the surface areas which were floodedwith water, and the environment consequences resulted in thisregion during (1970 - 2007) by using maps for three stages that themarshes passed through, and its analysis to know the gradation ofthe environment system, therefore to know the influence of thegeographical setting for the area where the region existed. ,'I - !e results show clearly the impact of water, and its role t1create unique environment. •Before the drought, this region represented a touristic[ieconomic, social and residential reality which differs from the othetregion in Iraq.The study concluded that the desiccation process which cameabout the marshes region led to collapse the environmental systent'of the marshes especially that it has been exposed for a long time ttthe d.!;,.?ught, which led to a clear chaining in the characteristics of.the marshes soil.As for its water which has been mainly exposed to the drough~its chemical and physical characteristics have been changed after theflowage because of the litters left by the desiccation process.

جيومورفولوجية حوض وادي بنات الحسن == Geomorphology Of Wadi Banat Al - Hassan I Basin

اسم المؤلف: زياد فريح مطر عباس الجليباوي
اسم المشرف: مشعل محمود فياض الجميلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Banat AL - Hasan basin is one of the dry valleys in the Iraqi west plateau. Its water flows into the Euphrates river during rainfalls.This valley passes through a region with homogeneous rocks and sandy and gypsum soils. The region is often affected by the linear formations that have remarkable effect on valleys. 90 linear phenomena have been characterized in this region. The region isalso famous for low slop; the highest slop found is of 2 degrees.The desert dry climate dominates the region with little plant cover.The quantitative analysis of the properties of the basin net depending on topographic maps of 25000 : 1 scale and the field study as well as the analysis of longitudinal and latitudinal sections of the valleys and the analysis of hypsometric curve have shown that basins in the study area take a form very close to the circular shape. They show, moreover, an increase in the indication of flood risks as a result of the speed at which water waves reach the main stream and because the waterways are short and because of the decrease of the ratio of surface and under evaporation as a result of the short distance of the flow. It has also, been shown that the valley passes through the early stage of maturation as the two processes of erosion and sedimentation are equal, and some of theland formations are still constructing. Banat AL - Hasan valley consists of five river ranks. Land formations in the study area have been built as a result of the effect of flowing water in rainy periods as the recent climate is unable to construct these formations, but only develop them at low rates.Land formations have clear effects on human activities; human settlement is restricted very close to the Euphrates river. The agricultural activity, on the other hand, is restricted inside valleys and at flood plains and at desert oases to the south of the studyarea. Pasturing spreads over all the area of the basin.

خصائص مناخ اليمن السياحي == Characteristics Of Yemen Tourist Cllmale

اسم المؤلف: عبد الله حير سالم علي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: selecting the relevant extent of climate to the tourist movement of attractio in terms of time and place, and the extent of tourist movement correlation wi the climate in Yemen.The study consist of five chapter. Chapter one deals with the concttpt f tourist climate and the most important elements of it. It also deals with the e impotence of climate in Yemen , including sun radiation , temperature , humidity , and wind.Chapter two deals with the contexts of tourist climate. Compou d contexts have been discussed , including Effective Temperature context ( ET , wind cooling context ( KO ) , Humidity - Temperature context ( TH]), S context and Singer diagram. Also discussed in this ChapttJr e comprehensive vital climate classifications , including ( O!egiay classifiK;af n and Terging classification ).Chapter three deals with evaluating the tourist climate in Yemen , ( during night , during day time , and during leizure ) compound context (ET, THI, Singer, diagram). Chapter four deals with assessing the tourist climate in Yemen ( du night , during day time , and during leizure ) through applying the omprehensive vital climate classification , including ( Olegiay clasification Terging clasification ).Chapter five discusses the onalysis of climate effect on thel to rist IlllOVement in Yemen. It included the ingredients of tourist arena the develoment of tourist movement , and the climate effect on tourist movenne t in Yemen.Following are the most important results of the study : i l. Due to the astronomical location of Yemen , She enjoys large sun radiation ranging between 400 - 656 K I K I Cm2 I hr. Height factor influnces largely the monthly and yearly distribution of temperature averages.. Temperature conditions are alike m terms of height between the coastal 1 stations and eastern land. . Relative humidity rates are high in coastal stations , and relatively low at the1 mountainous area at the eastern land.1 - Annual rate of wind speed ranges between 1 - 3 m I sec. at the I mountainous area and eastern land , and between 3 - 5 m I sec. at the I coastal stations.5 Climate of Yemen is consistent with the astablishment of tourism ( tourist \ industry ) accordin to world scale.6 Yemen has various humand and natural tourist attractive ingredients.7 The size of tourist movemant in Yemen is not consistent with her verious ingrsdients of tourist attraction.8. he voume of intemation tourist flow of comers to Yemen according to '!months and regions is relatsd to climate. So , the months in which the number of tourists are high are the moderate and confortable months , while e months in which the number of tourists are low the one having narrower d less moderate scope at the station of the study.

الصناعات الانشائية في محافظة البصرة واقعها وافاقها المستقبلية == The Construction Idustries. Basrah Province : Its Reality And Future Expectation

اسم المؤلف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
اسم المشرف: عبد العزيز محمد حبيب العبادي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير العوامل الجغرافية في الاهمية الجيوبولتيكية للانهار المشتركة بين ايران والعراق == The Impact Of The Geographic Factcrs On The Geopolitical Importance Of The Shared Rivers Between Iran And Iraq

اسم المؤلف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
اسم المشرف: سعود عبد العزيز عبد المحسن الشعبان الفضلي | حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Shared rivers and borders between Iran and Iraq were a source of dispute between the two countries. They were the main reason behind the war that took place from 1980 to 1988. Consequently , they evoked avaviety of possibilities for the middle east and the Arabian Gulf in particular. So many people couldn't realize the geopolitical reasons anrl the stmggle among the international and local powers. Forexample , in shatt Al - Arab Case , Which is among other 42 rivers both parties hold strict positions. They were not ready to give any mutual concessions. Moreover , the interntional law and the bilateral agreements show the natural right of Iraq in these rivers. Iran was dribbling with Iraq but; it was so cooperative in solving water resources problens.This indicates that the stvuggle between Iraq and Iran is ideological , ethrographic and Civilization One. The British occupation to the area of study worked on sophisticating the problem. Their attitude tawards this I problem is the sans as it is with other border problems in the area. Whatever are reasons behind the Iraqi - Iranian war , the main one is the inability of the tues countivies to arrive at a satisfactory settlement since the appearance of the indepevdent Iraq in 1921. This includes the whole eastern border line that extends from the very south to the two countries and Turkey which is about 1312 km. Iraq is have feeling that the Iranians what to have a control over the Iraqi territories and water resources , Especially , Iraq has a short Coast on the Arabian Gulf whichis about 60km from Fao to Um Qasr. Iran , on the other hond , hasa 2000km - Coast long. In addition , Iran did not respect the principles o neigh - bourhood and the international Low Concerning the Utilization of the Shared rivers. This conld be attributed to the multi - ethnic and multi - nationa 1S;·.0 l nature of Iran. The geostratigic location of the area is reflected in th S~ strategil American in the area. Hence , the U.S.A. has worke o g~ depening the points of dispute and encouraged the Iranians to to e s~ radical position and refuse any possibility of cooperation are! har on SS - between the two Islamic Countries. The research has arrived a th SJ : ;, ~ following Conclusions : There is no honest will between the Co - riparian states to solve thebordor problems because they don't Comply with the principles of intemationel Low and arbitration.2 - The water Source Countries ( Iran and Turkey ) do not recognize the right of Iraq of a just Share of the water and the joint property and not Causing any damage to others. on their part and in using water , Iran and Turkey have caused damage to Iraq.3 - The security of any state is determined by natural , topographical , economic , political , military , Scientific and culturol properties. They play an effective role in the state political weight ( strongth or weakness).They also play a role in the cooperation and dispute between Iraq and Iran Concerning the joint rivers. 4 - There is no future strategg between the two countries about the investment and maintenance of the shared rivers for they are not interested in this crucial source.5 - The real problem of the shared rivers between the two countries is that they do not make use of them in the proper way , and old procedures used because of the poor en

تكرار المنخفضات الجوية واثرها في طقس العراق ومناخه == The Impact Of Depressions Frequency On Iraqi Weather And Climate

اسم المؤلف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
اسم المشرف: عبد الاله رزوقي احمد كربل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The research intends to study the sequence of depression passing through the country generally, with eiuphysis on the Mediterranean depressions, The analys~s of the surface weather maps to the frontal depressions reveal the impoctrthnce of the Sudanese and he Fused depressions due to the transformation of some of the thermal depressions in Sudan into frontal depression or, its Fusion with one of the Mediterranean depressions. All kinds of depression that pass through Iraq durin the season of the passage of frontal Mediterranean depressions starts from October till end of May are eua.miP,ed We call this period as season of passage of frontal depres ion.May is excluded from the study because the researcher is not able to acquire the information needed.To study the sequence of cyclone "depression" and its climatic effects, choose eleven seasons "small clim$.ti cycle" starting from season of 1978/1979 and ending with season 1988/1989. Make this choice due to the availabilit of data and maps in Iraq and the adjoining Arab countri~s ( Saudi Arabia and Kuwait).To analyse this topic, the researcher depends on surface and upper climatic maps. Also he depends on hourly, daily and climatic data and on monthly climatic' reports. In addition, depends on Library references, t~ugA they are few. The researcher uses statistical pr•cedures to analyse the data and to find the power of relation among the variables, especially the correlation <X>effioient and standard degree.'!he me.in e.im of this research is the study of the frequency of the depression that passes through Iraq in the cold period which concentrates on the mid latitude frontal depressions and its impact on the weather and the climate of the country.In the First Chapter the characteristics of the depression and their relation with air masses.In the same time the chapter discusses the relation between the depression and the movement of the air at the upper layers of the atmosphere, then the study focuses on the origin of the depressions that influence the weathef' and climate of Iraq.In the Second Cwpter we find the.t the mid latitude : frontal depression oomposes the majority of the depressior that pass through Iraq, then the fused depressions and. finally the Sudanese one.~he researcher analysis all weather phenomeXJB. and their relation with depressions, especially the fronts. So we found that there were little differentations fromone station to another or from one depression to another. This work will be done in the third chapter of the thesi~.In the Fourth Chapter the researcher makes certain : elations between the depressions and climatic features in Iraq such as (temperature, wind and precipitation ) ~ rhe researcher thi : okS that there are some close relations among them.We can sunJlllS.rize the results attached by the researcher as follows : l. The weather is unstable through the cold period of the year as a result of the passing of many different masses and depressions.2. Through the cold period, the country is influenced by uany mid latitude frontal depressions (Fused and Mediterranean), Sudan, thermal and monsoon depressiorls of India and Arab peninsula.3. The frequency of M.L.F.D. is increased to the north of La.t. : ;o0 N while the Fused depressions are covering a.11 area of Iraq. At the same time Sudan depressioll#il are restricted as a whole ill the southern part of tije country.4• The determination of movement direction and speed of frontal depressions are influenced by roa : oy factors which control them.5. The weather was unstable through the cold period as a result of passing many leinds of depressions througl : l one or more days. Especially ~hen a Fused depress~on errossing the country. The responsibility on the occurrance of cold waves belongsto M.L.F.D., while hot waves belongs to Sudan depression. The passing of depressions makes short variations in the speed and direction of the wind. 7. The occurranceof dust and dust storms belong to the frequency of Kha.main frontal depressions l!'used and Sudan depressions. While Fog accompanies most of the 14.L.F.D.8. Most of the precipitation on the country is a result of the frequency of M.L.F.D. The precipitation is due to the cold front in the northe= part of Iraq and the warm front in the southern part and both of them in the middle.9. There are many factors that impact the temperature such s, Lattitude degree, altitude, and distance from seas.10. As a result of the increase in the frequency of the Fused and M.L.F.D. in the north and the Sudan depression in the south the temperature is decrease , 11. The increase in the frequency of thermal and Khamsin depressions caused an increase in the temperature throu12. In the seasons that many Sudan thermal and Khamsin depressions occur, dust and dust storms occur too. The frequency of rainydays related to the frequency of M.L.F.D. The later responded to the increase in precipitations in the north.14. Most thunderstorms in Iraq are a direct or indirect result of frequency of M.L.F.D

تلوث مياه نهر الفرات في محافظة ذي قار : دراسة جغرافية بيئية

اسم المؤلف: احمد ميس سدخان
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: SM;thesis titled (Water Pollution in Euphrates, Thi Qar Go~morate Environmental Geography Study) includes an experiment to Euphrates water in Thi Qar Govemorate of pollution after making a n•riofchemical and physical tests, water was tested for the period from 2006 - 2007 throughout relating the polluted concentrations for the river with rates of water discharge which differ according to the diff~nt of seasons. "five sites were specified within the study area are different. spatiaJ,ly, and picking up samples during the four seasons which include the water of Euphrates and others of its bottom sediments. Then the results wer~ shown and evaluating the river's water regarding these results throughout using the water for different human purposes include drinkingp~ti*elS·,1'.ndustrial and agricultural usages (Irrigation). !he content of the study has four chapters and introduction. First , chapter discusses hydrological study for Euphrates water from its high sources in Turkey passing in Syria and Iraq till the area of the study expJaining the main problems leads to change quantity features and quality of its water. Second chapter deals with the natural factors in area of the stuqy, which has an effect on changing characteristics of river's water.. Thitd c~pter discusses the human factors which lead to pollution of Euphrates' water within Thi Qar Govemorate represented by dirt of civil sewage, industrial, drainage water and fertilize' rs used in agricultural field.Fourth chapter has a number of chemical and physical characteristics for water and sediment of Euphrates that that results shows an increase in co¢entration proportion for each of (Tran, Si02, Mg, P04, CL, Tur, TH, Ee), which exceed environmental limits for their concentration accol.'ding to Iraq Standard of Water Environment. The concentration proportion of (N03, Do, TDs, HC03, Ca, S04, PH) are within the environmental limits for their concentration.The results of bottom sediments of Euphrates for (TOC, EC) exceed environmental limits for their concentration, but the value of PH is within these limits but. it is distinguished of alkalinity. So, Euphrates water was polluted and it is not good for human usages (drinking), as well as it is not suitable as water used for industrialization, except cooling purposes, also is not proper to use this water in irrigation because it is classified within C3 Type of irrigation water types in the American Laboratory and it is of highsalinity and it doesn't use in the case of existing active drainage networks, high penetration soils and agricultural crops have the ability to resist the salinity.

هيدروجيومورفولوجية حوض وادي السدير في هضبة العراق الجنوبية == A Hydro - Geomorphological Study Of Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin In The Southern Iraqi Plateau A Thesis Submitted

اسم المؤلف: علي مجيد ياسين ال بوعلي
اسم المشرف: سعدية عاكول منخي الصالحي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم بحث هيدروجيومورفولوجية حوض وادي السدير باستعمال تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)، الذي يقع اداريا ضمن حدود محافظة المثنى، وطبيعيا ضمن هضبة العراق الجنوبية، واحتل مساحة قدرها (1805.28 كم2) والذي يجري واحواضه الثانوية الاربعة مع الاتجاه العام للانح | The present study has investigated the hydro - Geomorphology of Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin which is located in Al - Muthanaa Governorate of the Southern Iraqi Plateau through the use of the geographic information system technology (GIS). Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin constitutes an area of about (1805.28 KM) which is running with its four sub - basins from the southwest to the north and northeast. Its astronomic location is situated between the latitudes of (29? - 53? - 41?) and (30? - 45? - 26?) north, and the longitudes of (45? - 31? - 44?) and (46? - 7 ? - 18?) east, that is, it falls within the climate of dryness and semi - dryness Iraqi region, and its water is running during the yearly raining season.This study is intended to identify the natural physical geography of this basin in terms of its natural processes and factors, featured draining systems and the morphological shapes of this basin. In addition, it is intended to identify the most prominent natural potentials of Wadi Al - Sadeer Basin like water harvesting operations, renewable wind and solar energy resources that can be utilized as natural resources. The natural physical resources comprise the ground structure, topography, climate, soil and natural vegetation. It is noted that the land structure has played a crucial role in the land formation, and the role played by the ancient climate conditions is of great impact on the geomorphology of the basin formation compared to current climate conditions. Besides the role of natural topography, soil and vegetation, is not less important than the aforementioned factors. The characteristics of water drainage network of the basin are analyzed according to the procedures so - called (Wadi Analysis) within the program applications of (Arcgis 10.2.2) operating in accordance with the methodology proposed by Strahler (1957). It consists of spatial, morphological, longitudinal and topographic characteristics of the basin and, the water drainage network. In addition, the analysis of hydrological characteristics of the basin is carried out in terms of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water. The data analysis is based on the climatic information data provided by Asimawah and Nasiriya stations between the time periods (1984 - 2014). A set of equations have been computed to identify the quantitative characteristics of water resources. Also, the qualitative characteristics of specific samples of basins’ water have been checked to determine its safe use. Identification of geomorphological processes including the erosion and weathering operations and the like, has been done. It has been concluded that the water resources of Wadi Al - Sadeer can be exploited and used. Finally, the study has come up with a number of conclusions and recommendations

ظاهرة الصقيع واثرها في انتاج بعض المحاصيل الشتوية في العراق == Frost Phenomenjt And Its Effect On Some Winter Corpsproduction In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: مروة جاسم محمد السلماني
اسم المشرف: بدر جدوع احمد المعموري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study addressed "The Impact of Frost on the Productivity of Some Winter Yields in Iraq". It aims at identifying the spatial and time variance of frost states, the synoptic conditions, atmospheric characteristics which lead to the occurrence of frost and themanifestation of the impact of frost waves on the physiology, shape and variance of agricultural crop productivity in Iraq for the period 1980 - 2010. it also aims at identifying the protection styles from frost and means of annihilation.To achieve these goals, various data were used some of them concern the atmospheric data of 11 climatic station distributed allover Iraq the northern, eastern, western, middle and southern, some concern the daily weather maps, and some others concern theagrarian data on the frost disadvantages on the agricultural harvests and the area and production of agricultural crops since 1980 - 2010. A number of statistical methods and styles were applied on these data like : The most prominent results at which the study arrived were that the frost types prevailing in Iraq was the radiation frost, most frost states were accompanied by the presence of Siberian anticyclone, the northern and mountain stations (Salahuddin, Sulaimaniya, Mosul) specially were considered the most areas in Iraq witnessing frequent frost waves then followed Aana station in western Iraq, the frequent frost waves on Iraq had a clear negative impact on the agrarian crops in Iraq especially the frost wave of 2008 where the rate of damages were high on various yields, the productivity of agrarian yields were variant in terms of the frequency rage of frost occurrence, its time distribution and the intensity of temperature decrease; therefore, the frost had an evident impact on the most important life areas like agriculture and caused great financial losses which affected different social and economic life fields.Thus, understanding the frost phenomenon and its results enabled us from lowering those losses which affected the national economy.

التحليل المكاني لانتاج القمح ومواقع خزنه في العراق : دراسة في الجغرافية الاقتصادية == Spatial Analysis Of Wheat Production And Storage Site In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: نورة زايد عاتي حميد
اسم المشرف: ندى شاكر جودت الفرطوسي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The storage process is considered one of the important elements relied on in providing the spatial and temporal benefits of the stored produce. Hence, the study got its importance because it highlights the spatial distribution of the Wheat silos in Iraq that the storage methods varied in Iraq including the systematic storage processes represented by the storage in silos of three types (vertical, horizontal, astral), and the non - systematic storage processes represented by storing in the open air in addition to storing under roofs, in bunkers, and in concrete terraces, The study area has been divided into five geographical territories excluding Kurdistan region. The territories are : 1 - The Northern territory includes Mosul, Kirkuk and Saladin provinces. This territory area is (71365) sq. Km with a ratio of (%18, 04) of the total area of Iraq.2 - The Western territory includes Anbar, Najaf, and Muthana provinces. The area is (218372) sq. km constituting (%55, 21) of the total area.3 - The middle territory includes Baghdad, Diyala, and Wasit provinces constituting (39393) sq. km of the total territory area representing (% 9, 96).4 - The middle Euphrates territory includes Babel, Karbala, Al - Qadisiyaah provinces with a total area of (18306) sq. km representing (% 4, 62).5 - The Southern territory includes Maysan, Thii Qar, Basrah provinces with a total area of (48042) sq. km i.e. (% 12, 14).The temporal dimension of the study represented the period extending from 2004 to 2013. The study put forward a number of conclusions the most important of which is that the total of wheat storage capacities of different types in Iraq reached (3708730) tons. The northern territory scored the highest wheat storage capacities followed by the middle territory followed by the Western territory and middle Euphrates ,While the lowest of the all the territories in terms of the storage capacity was the southern territory.And contrast each type of storage in the provinces of the study area,It was calculated the difference between the energy storage design (engineering) and actual energies Alkhoznip has seemed clear differencebetween each of the two variables, as it exceeded the difference between the two variables to (81,550 tonnes) as is the case in the province of Baghdad.And found through the study to be marketed quantities of wheat crop to centers Altsoeqh may be distributed to a group of marketing tract and they form the marketing tract (marketing trends) wheat crop varied quantities marketed towards both conduct marketing and ensure that this tract of both the domestic market, and marketing centers affiliated to the Ministry of Commerce and inventories at the farmer and companies.it was the cese for spatial amount of the surplus and the deficit of the wheat crop in the provinces of the study area Northern Territory emerged as the highest amount of surplus wheat crop of 2004 while remained the other three provinces (province of the Middle Euphrates and the southern province and western) food deficit of the wheat crop, and when the case of self - sufficiency study for 2013, depending on the commodity balance, we find that the geographical distribution of the state of self - sufficiency in the picture may have changed if food surplus wheat crop and relying on statistical methods used to predict and of decline simple linear been the case the outlook for production and consumption until 2025 study, and then determine the size of the gap / food surplus wheat crop, which will be witnessed by Iraq until the year depending on commodity balance.

التحليل المكاني لاستعمالات الارض الدينية في مدن محافظة ميسان == The Place Analysis For The Religious Land Uses In Maissan Governorate Cities

اسم المؤلف: حسام كاظم حافظ عبود
اسم المشرف: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Modern geographical studies are interested in determining and analyzing phenomena that took place on the surface of our planet, through a genuine methodology, scientific steps, accurate scales and authentic features and data in attempts to comprehend the phenomena and predict new changes to them. Urbanite land investment is among interests that echoed heavily in the geography of cities. Its real start, concerning application, was directly after world War Two when many of world cities were destroyed. Among uses is the use of religious land, whose urbanite projecting suffered a wide failure, during modern era, which contributed into the rise of several urbanite settlements during history due to its importance.Therefore, the role of the researcher, as a geographic, rises to study this use in cities of Maissan Governorate; which are 15 cities. The study aims at highlighting the importance of religious factor, the extent of special organization, and offering religious services to the inhabitants of these cities in accordance with analytical method.The study is of an introduction and three chapters. Chapter one deals with theoretical background, the concepts that clarify the special limitations of the study and concepts of religion and the city, the impact of the religious factor and its significance to the city, as well as what uses are there to the religious land and its articles. Chapter two clarifies the picture of special distribution of the religious land in the cities of the governorate; which are the cities Amara, Ali el - Gharbi, Ali el - Sharji, Al - Kumait, Al - Musharrah, Al - Kahlaa, Qal'at Salih, Al - Uzair, al - Majar el - Kabeer, Al'Adil, al - Maymoona, As - Salam, Seid Ahmad Ar - Rifaa'I, beni - Hashim and al - Kheir. The technology of relation of neighborhood (the closer neighbor) was adopted in Chapter three to find out the special manners of distributing religious land. Here, the manner shows gathering centered in the cities of Ali el - Sharji, Al - Kheir and Seid Ahmad Ar - Rifaa'i, whereas it was random in Qal'at Salih, convergent in Ali el - Gharbi, Amara, Uzair, Al - Majar el - Kabeer, Al - adil and al - Maymoona, and divergent in the cities Al - Kumait, al - Misharrah, Al - Kahlaa and as - Salam. The study arrived at some conclusions and recommendations

المولدات الكهربائية في محافظة البصرة : دراسة في الجغرافية الصناعية == Electricity Generators In Basrah Province (A Study In The Geography Of Power)

اسم المؤلف: شروق طالب عبد الوهاب
اسم المشرف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Power is the back bone for modern civilization. Moreover, it is the vital element for agriculture, industry and prosperity. Iraqi citizens have suffered a lot because of fluctuation of power which is supplied. This has pushed people to look for different alternatives. One of these is using power generators which are considered now as inseparable part of modern life in Iraq in general and in Basrah in particular. Still, this solution is regarded by many people as insufficient and negative solution which is imposed by the security conditions that the country has experienced. The solution actually has some advantages in providing power to fill the gaps of the programmed cuts but the use of these generators has also some disadvantages. It is supposed that after the embargo and the political change, things would change and this phenomenon would shrink and decline with time and the improvement of the network. What happens in reality is that the deterioration is still going on the main power supply. Actually, there is a shortage of research concerning this topic and we are not exaggerating in saying that this is the first and only study on this topic at the level of departments of Geography at the Iraqi universities. The study aim at revealing the real situation of using power generators in Basrah Province. The study consists of six chapters : Chapter One introduces the importance of electricity power, its use and how it is imported to the country and to Iraq. In addition, it defined what is meant by generators and where they are used in Arab countries.Chapter Two deals with the economic and geographic factors that lead to the use of these generators i.e., temperature, wind, rain, fuel, land, water, population, marketing, income, capital, transportation, governmental policy and power supply system.Chapter Three covers the classification of these generators according to property and popwer in relation to sectors in addition to the geographic distribution of these generators. Among the districts of the province.Chapter Four tackles power production from stations in Basrah. It also tackles the production of power by the generators and the geographic distribution in relation to the different districts of the province.Chapter Five covers the consumption of the power of the generators and the geographic distribution in addition to the properties of this consumption.Chapter Six deals with the problems of these generators

التحليل المكاني لاسواق تجارة الجملة للمواد الغذائية في مدينة بغداد == Spatial Analysis Of Markets For Wholesale Trade Of Foodstuffs In The City Of Baghdad

اسم المؤلف: عدي ناهي حسن
اسم المشرف: ندى شاكر جودت الفرطوسي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناول هذا البحث التحليل المكاني لاسواق تجارة الجملة للمواد الغذائية في مدينة بغداد فالاسواق من المشاريع الحيوية والهامة نظرا لاهميتها في عملية التبادل التجاري في جميع مستوياتها المحلية، الاقليمية، الدولية والتي تعكس مستوى التنمية والتطور الذي تشهده البل | This study deals with the spatial analysis of the food wholesale markets in Baghdad. The markets are vital and important projects due to their importance in the trade exchange process in all its levels, i.e., the local, territorial and international ones which, in their turn, reflect the development level witnessed by countries. The food wholesale markets are among the most important markets in Baghdad that played a great role in the local trade in Iraq represented by Baghdad and specifically Ash - shorja and Jamila markets that are located in Ar - Rasafa side, yet in 2003, a huge change happened in the number, nature and spread of the food wholesale markets in Baghdad because of the change of the economical, social and security conditions that Iraq witnessed after 2003. Food wholesale markets have become one of the most important trade activities that witnessed huge changes that they started to extend outside the main wholesale trade zone (Ash - shorja and Jamila markets). We notice that this expansion is found in all Baghdad townships in the main trade streets and even in the back streets, but in varying patterns and proportions in different townships. This expansion could be according to disciplined and organized foundations asserting a normal and correct condition for the change and it could also be undisciplined from the planning perspective which could have negative outcomes and consequences. This research depended on the study, and on the descriptive and quantitative analysis to show the pattern of this distribution in all the 14 townships of Baghdad, depending on the field study, the questionnaire used especially by the wholesale merchant, and a statistical style (Nearest Neighbor Analysis) which is a statistical standard widely used in studying the spatial distribution of the geographical phenomena using (GIS) program for the statistical analysis. It has become clear that the distribution of these stores and markets has taken the cluster approximate pattern on the level of the entire city, but on the level of the townships three patterns have been found(random approximate, apart, cluster approximate ).The reasons behind this huge increase in the number of the stores and the wholesale markets have been reached in addition to the consequences, the solutions, and the suggestions for organizing and managing this unplanned expansion

التحليل المكاني لمولدات الطاقة الكهربائية في مدينة الصدر

اسم المؤلف: هديل عبد الامير رحيم علي الحميداوي
اسم المشرف: انتصار حسون رضا السلامي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تاتي اهمية موضوع الدراسة من ارتباطه بتوفير الجو المريح مدينة الصدر فان تزايد ساعات الانقطاع والتدهور في الشبكة الوطنية يضيف اعباء على المدينة وهي تعيش في ظل ظروف اقتصادية صعبة فمعظم سكانها هم من ذوي الدخل المحدود او المنخفض والتدهور في منظومة الشبكة ال

التحليل المكاني لفقر الاطفال في قضاء الرصافة لعام 2016 == Spatial Analysis Of Children Poverty In Rusafa District In 2016

اسم المؤلف: علي صالح نصيف جاسم
اسم المشرف: علي عبد الامير ساجت الكعبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناول هذا البحث التحليل المكاني لظاهرة فقر الاطفال في قضاء الرصافة لعام 2016 على مستوى الاحياء السكنية والمتضمن ((31 حيا تم دمجها الى عشرة مناطق محاولا الاجابة عن مشكلة الدراسة التي تضمنت معرفة التباين لدليل فقر الاطفال من الناحية الجغرافية وصفا وتحليلا | The study is a spatial analysis of the phenomenon of children poverty in Rusafa District for the year 2016 on the level of residential neighborhoods, which are 31. These neighborhoods were divided into ten zones. The study tries to tackle the problem of the study which is to find out discrepancy in the indicator of children poverty geographically through description and analysis by the use of nine fields according to each field indicators. The study tries to find out the privation within the fields of children poverty and the spatial discrimination on the level of zones, in accordance with spatial variety of the indicators of each one, which amount to 47 indicators. The field study was adopted of which privation percentage of each of the nine fields was deduced and their final outcome was the indicator of children poverty. The study concluded that the percentage of children poverty in Rusafa district demonstrated variety in the values from zone to another and from field to another. The first and third zones, which include the neighborhoods of (Ma'moon, Khansaa, Akkad, Za'faraniya, Sinbad, Diyala, 6 Kanoon) demonstrated the heaviest poverty in most fields, whereas the eighth and sixth zones, which conclude the neighborhoods of (Muthanna, Mu'tasim, 14 Tammoz, Idreesi, Nile, Mustansiriya) the lowest rates of poverty. Privation shows various rates according to fields. Percentage of health privation was (400.3) of each thousand, nutrition was (233.1), education privation was (284.2), housing privation was (349.3), privation of pure water and sewage were (262.6, 274.8) , whereas privation of early childhood development, children protection and information were (420.3, 308.9, and 390. 5) respectfully. The value of the indicator of children poverty for the study area varied according to each category and to each place. The first zone demonstrated the highest value of children poverty indicator, whereas the eighth zone demonstrated the lowest value of children poverty. The study made use of many statistic methods, such as Pearson's Product Moment Correlation among the indicators of each field according to categories. Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient was also used to find out correlation among fields, (economic, social and demographic) variables, and Geographical cluster analysis according to clusters in which fields of privation are close to each other.The field study showed a correlation among fields of children poverty with various satiation factors, which reflects the total correlation children poverty. The variable of (monthly income and education of the parents) demonstrated a strong correlation among most fields that showed the extent of correlation between the characteristics of the family and children poverty. The first, second and third zones demonstrated the strongest factor of nearness, as a result of high values of privation for the fields indicators of children poverty with the general indicator. The indicator of children poverty and its value correlates with the values of fields with multi - dimensions which relate, in turn, with the indicators of these fields and their values. Therefore, the interpretation of the discrepancy of these indicators plays a vital role in the geographic dimension of its fields and its indicator of children poverty.

خصائص الترب لمشروع قصب السكر واثرها في الانتاجية في محافظة ميسان == Soil Characteristics Of The Sugar Cane Project And Its Impact On Productivity In Maysan Province

اسم المؤلف: حيدر اسعد عبد الامير
اسم المشرف: سعدية عاكول منخي الصالحي | حسين لعيبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: مشروع مزرعة قصب السكر في محافظة ميسان من المشاريع الاستراتيجية التي انشئت في سبعينات القرن الماضي, بعد نجاح زراعة قصب السكر واستنباط اصناف ملائمة للزراعة في المناطق شبه المدارية بين خطي عرض 300 جنوبا الى 340 شمالا عن خط الاستواء. تقع مزرعة قصب السكر (منط | Sugar cane plantation in the province of Maysan, a project of strategic projects established in the seventies of the last century, after the success of the cultivation of sugar cane and devise appropriate varieties for cultivation in subtropical areas between latitudes 300 south to 340 north from the equator. Sugar cane plantation is located (the study area) between latitudes 310.40 - 300.30 to the north, and the brackets of the length 470.10 - 470.06 east, mediates Hungary Great River (a tributary of the Tigris River) farm, which is the source of President perfusion of the farm. Soil sedimentary farm sugar cane, as a result of DepositionsTigris River and its branches, so they made up mainly of alluvial mud and silt, sand and clay. And have a minor decline of no more than 0.002 from the northeast to the west where the altitude ranges ground (7 - 2 M) above sea level.The climatic factors of solar radiation and temperatures suitable generally for the cultivation of sugar cane crop, especially after the adoption of the autumn farming system (start cultivating the mind in mid - August until mid - October month - a period Germination - with and there is a dormant period after the tailoring stage for a period of four months to inadequate climatic conditions extends until June to begin later growth stage Great - Vegetative growth - ). The rainfall system is not suitable for the cultivation of sugar cane, but on the contrary have to rain a negative effect, through the water increase in plant sugar cane for the required limit, as well as the rainfall in the winter has a negative effect, as the process of harvest delay and increased impurities ratio sugar juice and sugar extracted later.The jungles of the problems of the sugar cane crop, and is the deterioration of the quality and the winning amount for the sugar cane crop, as well as being host to many insects and plant pathogens and cause extra costs of labor, machinery, equipment and pesticides. And it is the growth of the bushes thickly in the early growth, which allows them to excel in growth on the main crop (sugar cane).Texture of soil to farm sugarcane as samples are Specimens alluvial mud, mud - placer as well as having Specimens sand at the rear of the second series of Saada. Accordingly, the physical properties of soils farm sugar cane does not represent any hindrance or a determining factor for the production of sugar cane crop with a good management of the soil and to suit the crop. It represents a cation exchange capacity (sodium absorption ratio) the soil's ability to deliver food material to the plant. And the ability of the soil depends on the ratio of colloids (size beloved diameter less than 2 microns) In other words, based on the proportion of Mvsolat mud and silt in the soil, because they are just that diameters of grains crystallized (2microns or less). And the value is 24 mg /100g minimum capacity of cationic exchange. Analyses of samples taken for chains of sugar cane plantation soils have shown that the value of cation exchange capacity 43 mg /100g, as a result of the high percentage of clay, and it does not represent the cation exchange capacity is no obstacle in the cultivation of sugar cane crop. Soil farm sugarcane neutral in terms of the degree of interaction, but it is to be poor in terms of food material in the soil, especially the elements phosphorus and nitrogen and potassium, so these elements being added through manure during certain periods and quantities needed by the plant.Degree drainage soils for sugarcane project varied between good, medium and bad, which is taken into account in the perfusion operations or when a land reclamation operations and reduce the salinity in the soil. The percentage of salinity and salinity in soils and accumulation of specific sugar cane crop factors. Salts has spread to large areas of farm soils sugar cane as a result of neglect and even in those lands that are Terpha with good drainage.This call to the speed of Reclamation irrigation canals and drainage and disposal of underground water near the surface of the earth, and that contributed to the increase of salinity in the soil. And creating irrigation systems and effective puncture in order to make the sugar cane project leader in Iraq with economic returns, which contributes to assign the economy of Iraq project, especially since the project is linked with other projects such as sugar cane factory - farm or constructed to take advantage of the remains of sugar cane after its age and extract sugar, such as near a farm sugar cane paper factory.The revival of the sugar cane project will encourage the relevant government departments, work to find similar projects both in Maysan or in other provinces and then there will be a new look at Iraq's economy is based on the establishment of commercial and strategic agricultural projects that will create industries are its Article preliminary cultivated crops or residues. Or projects that are based on the cultivation of cash crops, according to modern methods of agriculture. And then create a multi - polar economy countries and reduce dependence on oil and its derivatives as an economy of the country unilaterally.

تاثير الصناعة النفطية في تلوث الترب الزراعية لقضائي القرنة والمدينة : دراسة في جغرافية التلوث البيئي == The Impact Of Oil Industry Pollution On Agricultural Soils For Qurna And Madina Districts (Study Of Ecological Pollution In Geography

اسم المؤلف: سها وليد مصطفى السلمان
اسم المشرف: نصر عبد السجاد الموسوي | نايف محسن عزيز
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Pollution caused by the oil industry and its impact on agricultural soils are among the most serious problems that threaten the integration of the natural environment and human beings. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of showing the extent of the influence of the oil industry (oil hydrocarbons and some heavy metals) on the pollution of agricultural soils and surface water and comparing the concentrations of these pollutants with the permitted environmental standards. The study shows the role of the geographical area characteristics, the physical and chemical properties of soils contribution to the concentrations of pollutants variation in soils, water and plant of the area according to the temporal and spatial dimensions. Therefore, the study is concerned with the effect of oil pollution on agricultural soils as regards cadastral dimensions and agricultural crops as well as the number of workers in the agricultural sector and the possibility of developing methods to treat the soils affected by those pollutants. Fifty one samples of soils, water and plants of the study area were collected and analyzed.Forty samples were collected from soil sites located within the administrative boundaries of the area : (20) samples for each season (winter and summer) in 2014 at two depths (0 - 30 - 31 - 60 cm).A laboratory analysis was conducted to determine the concentrations of the physical ,chemical properties of oil and contaminants represented bypetroleum hydrocarbons HC and some heavy metals (cadmium Cd,Nickle Ni, lead Pb, copper Cu and cobalt Co). Six samples werecollected from the surface water of the area : (3) samples of each season(winter and summer) during the agricultural season in 2014 andlaboratory analysis was conducted to measure the concentrations of oilpollutants (above - mentioned) and (5) samples were collected of of okraAbstract222plant during the due period (April 2014) and were analyzed to measurethe concentrations of pollutants in the plant.One of the findings of this study is that the geographical characteristics(natural and human) have a role in differing concentrations of oilpollutants values. The study showed that there is a clear temporal andspatial contrast in physical and chemical soil properties where theconcentrations of oil pollutants were higher in summer (October) in 2014than in winter (May 2014). The results recorded high concentrations ofpollutants values nearby sites of oil production sources. This studyindicated that the concentrations of pollutants in surface water samplesfor the study area were temporal and spatial, where pollutant valuesincreased in winter more than summer. This study showed that theconcentrations of pollutants values in okra were high and exceededpersistent environmental limits. As the study showed , there is a cleardecline in the cultivated land area of winter and summer crops and a cleardecline in the number of workers in the agricultural sector.

التمثيل الخرائطي لمظاهر التصحر في محافظة البصرة باستخدام تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية == Cartographic Representation Of Aspects Of Desertification For Basrah Governorate Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems Technology

اسم المؤلف: عمار عبد الرحيم حسين المندلاوي
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر | حسن عداي كرم الله
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اعتمدت الدراسة تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد (R.S) ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) في تمثيل مظاهر التصحر في محافظة البصرة على مدى الاربعين سنة الماضية (1973 - 2013)، ومحافظة البصرة من المحافظات العراقية ذات الاهمية الاستراتيجية، تقع جنوب العراق بين دائــرتـي عرض(2 | The study deals with the Remote Sensing techniques and Geographic Information System (GIS) in the representation of the manifistications of desertification in Basra province through the last forty years (1973 - 2013). of course , Basra province has an important strategic location amang other Iraqi province , for its situation is between latitudes (29? 6? 21? &31? 16? 45?) north and longitudes (46? 43? 33? &48? 37? 31?)to the east rond (17700 km2). As it includes wide plane lands and untapped often faced by a series of geographic factors which have led to desertification of the various forms of soil desertification. The study used sensors data (MSS , TM and LDCM) of the American Artificiat sat (Land Sat) , as well as using Sat data (Quick Bird 2 ) for three images Sattelite for the years (1973, 1990 and 2013) to determine the manifestications of desertification and the most important development which changes by analyzing the reflective properties spectral features floor of the study area visually and mechanically. The study relied an several indexs in the study and controlling aspects of desertification index (SI) for the study of soil salinity index (EMI) to measure wind erosion index (NDVI) for measuring the intensity of natural plant and other indexs cover , all of which show that the total desertified area in Basra province was (3156.2 km2) in 1973 it rose to (4714.6 km2) in 1990 and increases to (7803.3 km2) in 2013 to the appearance of salinity and wind erosion only sand and dunes. Matching Cartographic reveal the complex process (appropriate spatial) that natural factors played amajor role in increasing the desertified area Basra province suffers from desertification in general and particularly in Western divisions.

مناطق العوز البيئي والصحي في مدينة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية البيئة والصحة == Environmental And Health Destitution Areas In Basrah City : Study In Environmental And Health Geography

اسم المؤلف: معد داود جاسم الربيعي
اسم المشرف: امال صالح عبود الكعبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناول الدراسة تحديد مناطق العوز البيئي والصحي ومستوياته في مدينة البصرة وذلك من خلال قراءة مكانية لبعض المعطيات المرتبطة بالبيئة الحضرية وقياس كفاءة خدمات مراكز الرعاية الصحية لاولية. بالاضافة الى انتشار الامراض الانتقالية في المدينة. حيث تناولت الدراسة ا | This research deals with determination of the environmental and health destitution areas in Basrah city and their levels. This is through spatial investigations for some data related with the urban environment first. Also Measuring the efficiency of primary health care centers second.In addition to spread of communicable diseases in the city. On the basis of the above mentioned factors, the study was built from four chapters. The first , clarify the historical development of primary health care centersand municipal Services such as Cleaning , quality of liquefaction water and sewage services.The second chapter discussed some environmental problems which are facing the city population like a household waste, contamination of drinking water and the collapse of the sewerage network. Oslo it deals with the environmental variables such as population crowding, housing space, the type of construction material, home garden. As for the third chapter included the analysis of the health setting in the city through the measurement of the efficiency of health centers based on local health standards.With respect to the fourth chapter , it classified the environmental and health destitution areas into several levels. In addition to the most important social and economic characteristics that could contribute to the growing phenomenon of environmental and health destitution in the city. The study came up with a number of results represented as follows : - Most (98.5%) of Basrah city population is within the scope of the environmental destitution. However, there are spatial variation in environmental destitution among the areas of the city, which was the result of a difference to the shortfall in the efficiency of the environmental indicators prevailing in each area of the city. - All areas of the city are within the health destitution, according to the health status indicators mentioned earlier. In the light of the criteria under which were identified the areas of health destitution areas in the city. But there is a spatial disparity in the health destitution levels , which was the result of a difference for the shortfall in the efficiency of health indicators, which is practiced in every neighborhood of the city of the Basrah city. - A set of economic and social factors have contributed to the growing phenomenon of environmental and health destitution in the city such as education, soccupation and monthly income rates

التحليــل الجغـرافـي لمعامل تعبئة الغاز ومحطات الوقود في محافظة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية الصناعة == Geographical Analysis Of Gas Filling Plants And Fuel Stations In Basra Province (Study At Industrial Geography)

اسم المؤلف: اسحاق نمر عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The marketing of liquid gas has a great importance at present time as a result of its roles in different aspects of life. The daily need of fuel had led to the increased demand of petroleum products for their various uses in industrial, commercial, and domestic fields. Such products represent the most significant factors reflecting economic and social conditions in any society, in addition to the degree of its improvement and development. From that angle comes the importance of this research which aims at detecting the reality of the spatial distribution of filling plants and fuel stations being the most familiar marketing facilities of petroleum industry in Basra Province. The research also aims at exploring the factors affecting the distribution of such facilities and the environmental impacts on surrounding atmospheres. The study results showed that the distribution of the mentioned marketing facilities is adequate with population density at administrative units. Also, there appears to be a group of factors affecting their distribution; among them are natural factors like climate conditions among others, while other factors are epidermal like population, transportation routes, and governmental interference.The current study is made of four chapters. The first of which deals with the historical development of gas filling plants and fuel stations, which reflects its continuous increase to suit population growth since the middle of 1900s till our current time in a proportional manner and to cover local daily need of such products necessary to life. The second chapter in concerned with the functional performance of plants and stations within the geographical area of Basra on accordance with natural and epidermal factors contributing to their establishment and improvement, provided that the current study is the first to examine this crucial facilities in Basra. The third chapter concerns the classification of such facilities according to different bases like ownership, required manpower, and their capacities. In addition to that, it sheds the light on their spatial distribution by using normative degrees as an accurate statistical method showing their disparity in administrative units related to Basra with reference to population count and economic activity. Also, the correlation coefficient refers to differences of factors affecting such distribution, like population size, the distance from supplying sources, transportation routes, etc. Then comes the fourth chapter which is dedicated to detect monthly and annual supply sources and rates of factories represented by South Oil Company which in turn represents about 60 - 70 % of the liquid gas quantities supplied in the Province, while the rate of the second supplying source represented in Basra Refinery is about 30 - 40 % only, because the gas produced therewith is a subsequent of refining operations. As for the process of supplying stations with fuel, it is made clear that all stations working in Basra receive daily supply according to weekly - organized plans to determine quantities of each station and supplying port with reference to importance and geographical location. The Study shows the presence of several problems affecting the work mechanism of these important marketing facilities. Among them are problems with factories and stations, like vaporization and the lack of power supply, as well as other problems of facilities resulting from pollution and other reasons. The most important results of the study show that all filling plants and fuel stations acting in Basra are controlled by a weekly supply plans organized by Gas Filling Company and Oil Products Distribution Company on accordance with the importance and geographical location of each plants and stations. In addition, the study shows the spatial misdistribution of filling plants and fuel stations, as some plants and stations are seen to have density in certain administrative unit while others are not. As example, the centers of Al - Zubair and Abu Al - Khaseeb territories are characterized with the density of gas filling plants and fuel stations; as three plants for each and on the rate of 21,42 %, in addition to 11 and 12 fuel stations on the rate of 31,25 % and 14,45 % for each respectively. On the other hand, the center of Midaina territory and nearby areas (Ezz Al - Din and Al - Sadeq) are empty of filling plants despite the high population density. This matter requires the rely upon the filling plant in Qurnah territory, which is the main source of covering local consuming need of the two territories.

الاستهلاك الاسبوعي من المواد الغذائية للاسرة في مدينة البصرة واثاره الصحية : دراسة في الجغرافية الصحية == Weekly Consumption Of Food Stuff And Its Healthy Effects On The Family In Basrah City : A Study In Healthy Geography

اسم المؤلف: صباح صكبان سعدون
اسم المشرف: داود جاسم الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study aims at shedding the light, from geographic analytical viewpoint, on the weekly consumption of foodstuffs of family and its relevant impacts in Basrah. That's because the relation between food and health is among the crucial matters that became the concern of many researchers from various scientific and humanitarian disciplines. The said matter even exceeds that stage to reach the international concern level, as food security is a highly sensitive issue determining the existence of people and countries. Thus, it can be seen how nutrition forms a major basis to the health of society individuals and to maintain their lives and safety. Decrease or decrease of necessary nutrition makes people subject to diseases. The proper nutrition is the most important factor to achieve health and safety at all age groups, from childhood to old age stages. The problem of the study lies within the divergence of quality and quantity of foodstuffs weekly consumed by family in Basrah.The compliance with nutrition requirements of family members has the most priority of fundamentals taken into consideration at planning for the preparation of food and meals. Therefore, those in charge of the selection and preparation of food should have a concept of nutrition requirements of family members in accordance with age groups being planned for. That requires food options selected to be properly built on accurate scientific bases and fundamental.The current study accredits certain geographic approaches, starting from the field approach standing upon detecting a phenomenon and furtherly exploring it by means of personal interview with families, filling a questionnaire form prepared in advance; then applying the descriptive approach to give a comprehensive accurate description of that phenomenon by form of numbers. After that comes the analytical approach according to the study sample representing 2% of families at each district included within the study area. The study covers 770 families (6043 members). They answered the questionnaire questions concerning weekly consumption of foodstuffs with reference to accredited qualities and quantities, their impacts on weekly consumption, as well as the relation to some diseases caused by weekly foodstuffs consumption.The study consists of four chapters; the first of which deals with the theoretical and conception frame. This first chapter includes two sections; the first of which is the theoretical frame while the second is the study conceptions. The second chapter deals with some demographic, economic, social, and residential characteristics of family. Then comes the third chapter covering food consumption and weekly meals consumed by family. The fourth chapter concerns with health impacts caused by food consumption. Later, the study ends at certain suggestions and recommendations.reached by the course of study are : conclusionsAmong the most important1 - The existence of divergence on the level of residential districts of Basra in terms of weekly consumption of foodstuffs, as it is shown how there is clear divergence in quality and quantity, leading to some pathological cases caused by such family consumption.2 - The economic factor is among the most influential factors to family foodstuff consumption according to residential districts, as firm connection ties disclosed.3 - Social and residential factors have direct and indirect impacts to family foodstuff consumption, like educational level, family size, income, and habitation type.4 - The decreased nutrition knowledge of many families located within the study area.5 - The existence of spatial divergences at malnutrition diseases cases in connection to family foodstuff consumption at the study area.The study recommends the following : 1 - The conduct of a scientific study at various levels and abilities with a governmental support to explore nutrition status of Iraqi population, for the disclosure of nutrition needs of population, and examining the diseases caused by foodstuffs consumption, as well as the way to treat such diseases.2 - Accreditation of nutritional and health cultural knowledge at study curricula for all age groups, starting by early children education, primary schools, and reaching to Iraqi universities, to educate people on the importance of nutrition information and their connection to human health.3 - Reinforcing governmental efforts to take care with sensitive social groups (children, teenagers, pregnant women, breast - feeding women, and old agers) for their intense vulnerability to family nutrition status, by means of providing necessary health care.4 - The necessity of holding training courses to educate housewives about nutrition importance, as administered by governmental foundations and civil society organizations interested in the field of woman. Such courses may be held according to different age groups to educate women the proper ways in healthy cooking and the choice of notorious and useful food rich by notorious elements.5 - Graduation of cadres specialized in the field of nutrition through the opening of institutes and colleges to study the healthy nutrition.

تحليل جغرافي لظاهرة التصحر في قضاء علي الغربي - محافظة ميسان == Geographical Analysis Of Desertification In Ali Al Gharbi District - Maysan Governorate

اسم المؤلف: نقاء سلمان جاسم الربيعي
اسم المشرف: عبد الله سالم عبد الله المالكي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اختصت هذه الدراسة بظاهرة التصحر في قضاء علي الغربي الذي يشغل القسم الشمالي والشمالي الغربي من محافظة ميسان بمساحة تبلغ 3596,85كم2 وتشكل نسبة 22,4% من اجمالي مساحة المحافظة البالغة(16072كم2). وقد اسهمت مجموعة من العوامل الجغرافية الطبيعية والبشرية في نشوء | This study has dealt with desertification in Ali al - Gharbis district which Occupies the northern and western north parts of Maysan Governorate, It stretches over an area around 3596.85 km2. It also amounts to about 22.4% of the total of the governorate.A group of natural geographical and human factors have contributed to The rise and increase of desertification in the district, they are represented of dry & hot Climate , Chemical and physical features of the soil , and the quality of surface and subterranean water along with the low of natural plant.In addition there is a misuse of natural resources which include soil , water and wild plants. All these factors have resulted in the rise of high Salinity , wind erosion , sand dunes and dust in the atmosphere , which are geographically distributed in the district.The key feature in the study area is shown in the salinity of the soil and the spread of sand dunes. These features however have exercised their impacts ecologically and economically. The most prominent of these are the contraction of cultivation on arable lands and the decline in productivity of the soil.Moreover superiority is given to the salinity - enduring plants and the rise in production and reclamation of lands can also be traced. The study also shown the danger incurred by desertification in the district, the areas that are exposed to sever and very sever desertification are2903 km2 which represent 80.7% of the total area. Efforts are there for needed to help curtail the negative impacts of desertification. The best possible ways to lessen the negative influences of desertification include land reclamation and the adoption of reassemblemethods in agriculture and the development of natural pastures and the fortification of sand dunes through temporary and durable methods

التركيب التعليمي لسكان قضاء المدينة == The Educational Structure Of The Population Of The Medina

اسم المؤلف: محمد سجاد عبد محسن
اسم المشرف: صادق جعفر ابراهيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: لاشك ان التعليم بجوانبه المتعددة يعد من اهم ركائز التنمية البشرية وابرز مؤشراتها، وهو حجر الاساس لرقي وتقدم الشعوب، فضلا عن كونه الركن الاهم القادر على خلق وبناء العناصر البشرية المؤهلة لاستغلال الموارد الطبيعية التي لا تكفل تحقيق التنمية بمعزل عن وجود ال | There is no doubt that education with its multiple aspects is one of the most important human development pillars and the leading indicators, which is the foundation stone for the advancement and progress of peoples, as well as being the most important corner of the capability of creating and building qualified human resources for the exploitation of natural resources which do not ensure development in isolation from the presence of capable and qualified human element to exploit those resources optimally. The research aims to identify an important characteristic. The most important characteristics of the population is the educational status which is one of the main indicators of the extent of the community's awareness and intellectual maturity, and the extent of his awareness of the importance of education, the study addressed the gender and age combination and environmental distribution of the population and then spatial variation of illiteracy and subsidence and infiltration as well as the reality of Education with judiciary, and the subject of the enrollment to Education and then Relative distribution of the population at various stages of education, starting from the case of illiteracy and ending with the postgraduate studies at the level of the judiciary as a whole and at the level of provincial units. The study also linked the status of education with demographic indicators, other economic indicators such as fertility , occupation and the relationship with each other and then this relation was tested by a factor of Spearman correlation. The last chapter of the study came to the most influential variables in the educational structure of the population of the city and the search for contrast factors among the administrative units of judiciary and the spatial relations that explain this discrepancy and explains these changes and studying the temporal difference in the educational structure and the knowledge of the change in the educational structure of the population that happened between the years (1997 and 2014) of the studying area, especially after the wars and the economic blockade. The researcher used the analytical descriptive approach supported by statistical tactics to detect the spatial variation of the phenomenon being studied, as well as searching for the variables that help the researcher in the interpretation of spatial variation of the educational installation and geographic factors affecting the contrasts in the phenomenon studied. With regard to the sources of the study, it has been relied on the data released by the Ministry of Planning, represented with sources, official pamphlets as well as letters and published research and scientific journals and theses. The study used statistical bag of Social Sciences (SPSS) to show the simple Order Spearman correlation coefficient and also used standard class and the study consisted of five chapters as well as the introduction and conclusion.The study found many conclusions including finding a positive development in educational services (1997 / 1998 - 2013 / 2014) both in terms of increasing the number of schools or preparing the pupils and students and the increasing in students enrolled in the academic for the year (2013/2014) in the primary stage and the secondary due to multiple social and economic factors, as well as the increasing of the number of female of primary and secondary stage during the period (1997 / 1998 - 2013 / 2014) and the happening of a large leak in the primary and secondary school start from (2009 - 2010) until (2013/2014) with a gradual decline to the last year. As for Illiteracy, it has concentrated in the group age of (15 - 44) as the percentage reached (45.5%) in 1997 and fell to (41.2% ) and reduction of the illiteracy rate of the population of the judiciary (12 years and above)from (32%) to (26.9%) for the period (1997 - 2014), also the illiteracy rates is higher for females than males for the same period with the direction to decrease for both types. The illiteracy rate drops in rural areas compared to urban areas for all administrative units because of inadequate services in rural areas as the study reached a high illiteracy rate in part of Imam Sadiq and EzAldeen Saleem in 1997 by (49.3% and 46.5%), respectively, each with a decline in 2014 plus the existence of an inverse relationship between education and fertility since the high level of education leads to a decline in the number of births, and vice versa, as well as a strong and positive relationship between education and the profession, as education affects in the different type of occupation, as well as the low quality of the educational levels during the period of the study due to mismanagement and negligence experienced by administrative units. The study also showed a high female ratios in educational levels in 2014, it is high in comparison to 1997 and the search reached a high degree certificate holder (elementary - and higher) in analogy between urban and rural areas for the years (1997 and 2014) and this is the result of group of forces and standing variables product set List forces and variables in the community of studying area that have been addressed in detail.

تاثير الخصائص المناخية في تركيز وترسيب ملوثات الهواء في محافظات البصرة وذي قار وميسان == The Impact Of Climatic Characteristics On Concentration And Deposition Of Air Pollutants In The Provinces Of Basra, Dhi Qar & Maysan

اسم المؤلف: شاكر عبد عايد الزيدي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى دراسة وتحليل تاثير الخصائص المناخية في تركيز وترسيب ملوثات الهواء في محافظات البصرة وذي قار وميسان , وذلك من خلال جمع البيانات المناخية من الهياة العامة للانواء الجوية العراقية وتبويبها ومن ثم تحليل الخرائط الطقسية للمستوى الضغطي (100 | The aim of study is an analyzing the impact of the climatic characteristics in the concentration of air pollutants in provinces of Basra, Dhi Qar and Maysan, through collection and classifying the climate data which were got from the Iraqi meteorological organization and seismology , also th collection and analyzing the maps liturgical to level barotraumas (1000) milli bars from web site (Vortex Plymouth and NOAA ) for the period from (2003 to 2014) the purposes of analyzing them is to know the occurrences systems piezoelectricity which are effect on the, area of the study, of each them, and studying the climatic effects of associated with them to knowing its impact on the concentrations of polluting gases to the air and amounts falling dust variation over an study area of the study.The study deals wthe the measurement of concentrations of a range of gases in different locations in the region of the study and then compare them with previous studies and compared with the normal limits of gases in the atmosphere These gases are (mono carbon CO dioxide, and dual dioxide, CO2, and sulfur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx , NO2 , NO)In thes study we also collect falling dust samples per month for (September 2013 / August 2014)in nine location from (9) in the region of the study and weight them by using private balance then we record their weights for each location after wards the samples were collected every three months to represent one of the seasons and then analyzed them in a central laboratory of Iraqi Ministry of Environment to see the concentrations of heavy elements blended with falling dust particles has been confirmed on four heavy elements (copper, lead, nickel and iron) so we tested (36) samples seasons in each therefore a total of them were 144 checks, and then we study the impact of climatic characteristics in contrast temporal and spatial amounts falling dust qualitative and contrast the concentrations of heavy metals in the monitoring sites. The results of study : 1. All the rates at concentration which were recorded during the period (September 2013 / August 2014) exceeded the natural concentration for mono gas carbon dioxide (CO) in the air (0.1ppm).2 The climatic elements as the high temperatures and differing wind speed are impacting in the temporal variation of concentrations of gas (CO) in the measurement locations in Hartha site record in the month of(CO) was the highest in May,It was 20 ppm.3. All registered rates of concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) during the period (September 2013 / August 2014) exceeded the (CO2) concentration rate which were recorded before the Industrial Revolution (285ppm) in all measurement sites4.The climatic characteristics have been influence on the contrast of the spatial of the concentrations rates of (CO2) where the concentration rate of (CO2) was recorded(389.3ppm) in a technical college site in January, while it was recorded (400.7ppm) May and same way it was recorded 480 ppm in Alhabboubi square site in February while it increased in July until 630 ppm.5. The dual concentrations of sulfur dioxide gas rates (SO2) exceeded its natural concentration in the atmosphere of (0.001ppm( in all measurement locations6. The climatic characteristics have been influence on the contrast of concentrations levels of (SO2) per month in measurement sites during the period (September 2013 / August 2014),where it was (3.7ppm) in umm Qasr in January while it reached to(10.9ppm) month in April.7. The concentrations rate Monoxide nitrogen (NO) exceeded natural gas level in air (0.0025) at all measurement locations for all months during the period (September 2013/August 2014)8 A climatic characteristics contribute to vary the concentrations rates of (NO) in the measurement sites in limit time.The concentration rates of ( no ) were recorded (2.4ppm) Fao station in January while it rose to (4.0ppm ) in June.9. It is found that the concentrations of binary rates of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exceeded the normal limits for the amount of gas in the air (0.01) in all measurement sites and for all months during the period (September 2013 / August 2014).10. The climatic characteristics have been influence on spatial contrast of the concentrations rates of (NO2) by months, in the measurement sites through divergence concentrations rates between cold months and hot months where the concentration rate of (NO2) was (12.2ppm) in the Fao site in January while it rose to (20.6ppm) in June.11. There is a variation amount of falling dust above monitor sites according to environmental monitor sites and according by time (September 2013 / August 2014),Thus recorded the Environment office in Dhi Qar site recorded a highest amount of falling dust at September (93.1 g / m2 / month) formed (26% ) of the total amount of dust recorded in September, while the lowest amount of falling dust was recorded in Al - ishar site site for the same month,it was (15.3 g / m2 / month) by (4.3%)12. The environmental monitor sites recorded a lowst amount of dust in January where the more amount of dust was recorded in the Environment office in Dhi Qar site , it was (29.6 g / m2 / month) while the lowest amount of dust was record in FAO station ,it was (4.2 g / m2 / month).13. The properties of hot season have been influence in the recorder amount of dust which were recorded in the environmental monitor sites , However the dust amounts which were recorded in June , July and August, more than that were recorded in December , January and February the highest falling amounts of dust were recorded in the environment department in Dhi Qar site (78 g / m2 / month) in June and the lowest of it was recorded in the Qurna (18.9 g / m2 / month(14. The volumes of falling dust were recorded more amount in the transitional seasons than the rest of the months in year. The highest amount were recorded in October while the lowest were recorded in the cold season , where all monitor sites were recorded the lowest amounts in January.15 The study demonstrated by measuring the concentrations of heavy metals in falling dust samples that the highest concentration of the element copper was recorded in Fao site in the summer theoretical separation (148.9 g / m 3), while the lowest concentrationwas in the theoretical spring (11.6 g / m 3) Environment office in Dhi Qar site.16. The highest concentration of lead was recorded in Basra Environment office in site element of in the autumn theoretical separation , it was (76 g / m 3), while the lowest concentrations were recorded in Environment office in Dhi Qar site at winter (11.4 g / m 17. The highest concentration of nickel element was recorded in Environment office site in Dhi Qar in all seasons of the year and the highest was in summer (117.3 g / m3) and the lowest was in winter (108.2 g / m 3).18. There is a high iron concentrations in the falling dust samples which were measured in all monitor sites and in all seasons so the highest concentration s were recorded in summer in each environmental monitor location.

اثر تغير المناخ في تغير العلاقة بين المنظومات الجوية السطحية والعليا فوق العراق == The Impact Of Climate Change In The Changing Relationship Between Surface Pressure Systems And The Upper Pressure Systems Over Iraq

اسم المؤلف: عبد العباس عواد لفتة الوائلي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى تحليل اثر تغير المناخ في تغير العلاقة بين المنظومات الضغطية السطحية والمنظومات الضغطية العليا المرافقة لها فوق العراق، من خلال معرفة المنظومات السطحية المؤثرة على مناخه والمتمثلة بالمرتفعات والمنخفضات الجوية والركود الهوائي عند مستوى (100 | The study aims to analyze The impact of climate change in the changing relationship between Surface pressure systems and the upper pressure systems over Iraq, by knowing the surface systems of anticyclones , depressions and Col aerial at (1000) hpa, the upper phenomena over the air waves (Transverse, troughs and ridges) at (500) hpa, and the Jet streams (sub - tropical and sub - polar) at (200) hpa and at (300) hpa , And the impact of change in climatic characteristics change over Iraq from the temperature minimum, maximum, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure and rainfall. This was based on the collection and analysis of maps ritual daily and balances (1200 GMT) and published in the global telecommunications network (the Internet), including meteorological center in the state of Plymouth United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and calculate the number of days survival systems piezoelectricity totalitarian high and low and the recession over parts of Iraq, Iraq has been divided into three area ((Northern, central and southern) By latitude, has been mapping the surface ritual and upper analysis for the period (1950 / 1951 - 1960 / 1961) the first as a cycle and (2003 / 2004 - 2013 / 2014) as a cycle second., and extract the monthly average and its percentage of comparing and calculating the change in those systems piezoelectricity, where Iraq is exposed to several types of systems piezoelectricity It is a conflict between different types of systems surface piezoelectricity, and through the study area it became clear that Iraq is exposed to more than (13) Pressure systems, including five high represented at Siberian high, European , Sub - Tropical , Azzurri and local, and eight depressions systems represented Indian low,Sudanese, the Mediterranean Sea, the Arabian Peninsula, seas west Asia (Depressions Caspian and Black) , the red sea , the local sea and integrated, and the phenomenon of Col aerial.The study consisted of six chapters, the first chapter will be of two sections first ensure that the theoretical framework and methodology of the study and the second examined the impact of global climate change in the change Iraq climate, The second chapter studied the anticyclones and the upper phenomena accompanying the two above, while the third chapter two sections included first studied the subject depressions and upper phenomena associated with them for two sessions, while he fifth chapter dealt with the changing relationship between surface depressions and waves upper and jet streams, Chapter VI dealt with the impact of the changing relationship between totalitarian systems Sainopetical surface and upper change in climatic characteristics over Iraq The study found : 1. The phenomenon of climate change, which increased change the natural characteristics of the atmosphere, where human factors form the basis of the source of this phenomenon is caused by the launched of gases in the atmosphere are increasing, leading to climate change and its impact on the changing relationship between systems piezoelectricity surface systems upper accompanying her.2.The study revealed a clear change in the duration of survival systems piezoelectricity high surface systems piezoelectricity upper accompanying over Iraq between sessions, where Siberian - Anticyclone and the European Anticyclone a rate and a higher percentage back in the second round than in the first session, while the high subtropical he scored low in recurrence of the number of days survival rate in the second session In the first session, despite the limited number of days remaining in the month with indentations accompanying high rate, and the average number of days the survival to Azzurrian anticyclone and Local anticyclone in this month there appeared in the first session and did not demonstrate in the second session.3. high for the survival of anticyclones and depressions influential and that contributed to the weather and climate change Iraq, but it was accompanied by such systems high accompany the zonal index review and the sub - tropical jet stream in the second session the largest percentage of troughs and ridges and the sub - polar jet stream.4.there are suborbital jet streams it was speeds did not exceed (44 m / s) the highest and the duration of stay of sub - polar jet stream which was his speed in the first session (40, 45, 48) m / s, while Speed down in the second session to (35, 30 , 35) m / s over the northern region and medium region and Southern region, respectively, but it was more to accompany the anti cyclones of the sub - polar jet streams except December and January Monthly.5.Change the relationship between those systems which led to the change of climate characteristics, which increased temperatures and decreased relative humidity and atmospheric pressure values have changed over the study stations.6.It shows that the air depressions in the month (December , January , February and March) was to accompany troughs have a rate more frequent than the waves transverse and ridges, but it changed in the second session so that the waves became reviewed more escort her from the troughs in addition to the high recurrence jet streams rate sub - Tropical accompanying her.7.Increase repeat phenomenon Col aerial in the transitional seasons and less in cold season and warm season is due to be in the transitional seasons where meet systems range surface piezoelectricity high and low for wrestle over Iraq, allowing his chances to be the phenomenon of Col aerial before that occupies a strong same area system, leading to higher survival rate in spite of the limited number of days.

التباين المكاني لقيم الاراضي السكنية في مدينة البصرة == The Positional Discrepancy Of Residential Land Prices In Basrah City

اسم المؤلف: احمد سراج جابر الاسدي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The tittil of this thesis " The positional Discrepancy of Residential Land Prices in Basrah city ". It dealt with land prices discrepany and how it is developed according to the area and position of the land in Basrah city. The thesis studies the factors that lead to this discrepancy It also divides the areas in to residential dissectors. Each dissector includes number of blocks that differ in size and area. This thesis depends on the structural and residential developmentin Basrah city through out the time. the need for residential land There fore , The study includes a comparsion between the prices before and now. The study is included four chapters , The first chapter dealt with the historical development of the residential and building expansion in Basrah city and how land is used for. The second chapter dealt with the desigen and charts of Basrah city as well as the subject of residential areas lacking and the need for new residential areas and number of houses. Thrird chapter dealt with the elements that effect on position discrepancy of land prices in Basrah city. The study is depended on the government information about the subject and the results that are obtained by the scollar from his auestionnaire. The forth chapter dealt with the prediction about in creasing the number of residents and the areas that are needed as well as the e xpansion and residential areas are needed in the city and the future residential

تقييم كفاءة النقل النهري في شط العرب وافاقه المستقبلية : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Evaluation The Efficiency Of River Transport In The Shatt Al - Arab And Future Prospects A Study In Transportation Geography

اسم المؤلف: عبد الودود عبد الرضا عبد
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The river transport in the Shatt Al - Arab is one of the most important economical activitives which has a main role to develop Iraqi economy for along time.That was because setting up Al - Maakel port which is made as amajor outlet for importing and exporting lost of goods through this shipping line that links Iraq with many different countries in the world since 1919 So this activity largely shares in fencing the national economy with yearly revenues , that are obtained through the provided service to river units which sail into this channel by exploiting the potential which donated them. The natural conditions to make safe river navigable in the waterway of the Shatt - Al Arab associated with human efforts that have been able to setup pavements. Those pavements could have this activity through the processing necessary for the operations of handling equipment, as well as the processing of these pavements with losts of stores to save the exported and imported goods with all the necessary infrastructure. However , this activity has stopped completely for more than two decades ,that was from 1980 to 2003 because political events which took place in Iraq. Those bad events caused a very big decline in the performance of river transport elements starting from the infrastructure of the piers which processes followed the falling of the former regime in Iraq.This cause with drew on the efficieng of the navigation channel which has become to contain the sediment which has become an important drawback and main objected river navigation in it and that contributed to the declining numbers of marine units that were faring this channel which led to decreased amounts of mobile goods through it , All these reasons has gathered to influence on the Iraq,s commercial fleet and worked to weaken it , while the mass of river transport with various forms and sizes were major means to transport people and goods to many cities on both banks of the river in Iraq and they transported to other countries specially Arabian gulf states. Shat Al - Arab has plenty of natural ingredients that could return it to be better than it was in the case of investment by benefiting from of developed countries , as it can take advantage of these ingredients to establish a tourist activity compete in its imports a lot of activities that require a lot of expenses by depending on the monuments' and religious shrines which lies close to the coast line. As we know Shatt Al - Arab surrounding with large area of fertile bottomlands on both banks that we will support farmer , moreover it also will support the national economy and that will happen by exporting a agricultural to many countries in area specially Arabian gulf countries. Further more , lots of economical activities that depends on that river as a source of the work and getting money by doing som activities such as fishing. In spite of - the governments go towards investment ,but that investment didn't rise to the required level , and that failure investment makes the efficiency of the river transport elements requires extra efforts to promote with it through greating financial and managerial system takes care to this task then fore this will bring an increase in the value of venues versus expenses

الكفاءة الانتاجية للنظم الحيازية والانماط المزرعية في قضاء القرنة == Production Efficiency Of Possessory Systems And Agricultural Patterns In Qurna District

اسم المؤلف: حسنة خزعل موازي الشريفي
اسم المشرف: محمد رمضان محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تمثل الارض اهم مصادر الثروة الوطنية فهي من الموارد التي لايعادلها مورد طبيعي اخر بصفتها الشرط الاول للانتاج الزراعي، لذلك فان مسالة تطوير القطاع الزراعي والنهوض به يستلزم الاستثمار الامثل لهذا العنصر للوصول لانتاج مرض من مختلف المحاصيل لسد الاحتياجات | Land is the most important resource of national Wealth, being the first element of agricultural production. So, the development of the agricultural sector requires the optimal exploitation of this element to reach a satisfactory production of various crops that corer the local needs, or part of them, or go to exportation However, Land exploitation house varied from place to place and from season to season due to several factors. Thus the current study aims to revel the impact of some of these factors, namely ownership systems and agricultural patterns, on the efficiency of land exploitation. The Qurna centre, has been chosen for this field study. The study depended basically on field work to collect data; a comprehend sive survey for (948) properties in (10) counties representing (21.3%) of the total (47) countries of Qurna District was carried out. This surrey enabled the researcher to arrive at the actual state of land exploitation in planting crops in summer and winter seasons. The techniques used in the study which include the crop density factor and analysis of variance revealed that ownership systems and agricultural patterns common in the District of Qurna have an impact on agricultural land exploitation, as there are significant differences revealed; the crop density factor varied among ownership types; agrarian reform lands, private property lands.Results also indicate that land dispel is caused by a number of factors. The most important of these factors are : Land salinity, fluctuation of the amount of litigation water and change in quality, agricultural pests, and Lower motivation to from work in most rural Labour force due to increasing production cost and work importation policies of craps especially after 2003

مصادر الاملاح الذائبة في مياه نهر الفرات ضمن محافظة المثنى == The Sources Of Dissolved Salts In Euphrates River At Muthanna Province

اسم المؤلف: كريم خلف محل الموسوي
اسم المشرف: صفاء عبد الامير رشم الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد نهر الفرات المصدر الاساس لمياه الانشطة المنزلية والصناعية والزراعية في محافظة المثنى، وذلك بسبب انتفاء او ندرة مصادر المياه الاخرى. وقد اهتم موضوع هذه الدراسة بالتعرف على الاملاح الذائبة المتواجدة في مياه النهر، ووصف المصادر الرئيسة لتلك الاملاح ولاس | Due to scarcity of other water resources, Euphrates River has been considered as a fundamental source of water used for domestic, industrial and agricultural purposes all over Muthanna Governorate. The study has concerned a number of objectives such as identifying the particular salt melted in the river, describing its main sources ( in particular these of high level) and to discover the interrelation between melted salt and water quality to determine the convenience of various usage. Four different sites are distributed Along the Euphrates River where (16) samples of river - water as well as (2) samples of waste water haven been taken during the four year season. Accordingly, various laboratory tests have been done to investigate physical and chemical properties. These include the total dissolved salt (TDS), electric conductivity (EC) in addition to main cations and anions. Both of Shatt Al - Atshan and Samawa sites indicate highest concentrations of (TDS) in comparison with Shatt Al - Saable and Al - Khudhir sites. Generally, in comparison with global average, Euphrates River is well known of its high ionic composition. It can be said that Sodium dominates the cations as well as Chloride dominates the anions. Throughout Muthanna governorate, agriculture activities together with Al - Atshan stream have been considered the main sources of melted salt in Euphrates River. Whilst, the chemical composition of the river is clearly affecting by river - draining, ground water - flowing as well as dissolved gypsum and lime stones along with activities of aquatic organisms. As a matter of fact, the dissolved salt has affected the quality of river - water and its hygienic usages. In line with WHO, FAO and Iraqi standard measurement have indicated that the river - water of the mentioned four sites is not useful for the purpose of drinking and irrigation, yet it is proper for livestock and poultry. However, this water is not beneficial for industrial usages

الخصائص النوعية لمياه شط العرب وكرمة علي قرب محطات توليد الطاقة الحرارية

اسم المؤلف: مروة فريد عودة العطبي
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية تقييم الخصائص النوعية لمياه شط العرب وكرمة علي قرب محطات توليد الطاقة الحرارية اخذت عينات من الماء وحللت على اساس فصلين الصيف (اب) والشتاء (كانون الثاني) خلال عامي (2014 - 2015) وبواقع ست عينات لثلاثة مواقع لمحطة النجيبية اذ يقع الموق | The present study deals with the assessment of the qualitative properties of Shat Al Arab and Gharmat Ali water near thermal power stations. Samples of water were taken and analyzed on the basis of two - season approach , summer (August ) and winter (January ) during the period (2014 - 2015 ) , 6 samples per 3 sites. The first site lies at the water discharge zone. The second one lies at about 500 m the station westwards. The third site lies about 500 m the station eastward. furthermore , 3 sites were selected to the Al Hartha station. The first site lies at water discharge zone. The second site lies about 750 m the station Northward. the third site is about 500 m the station Southward. The focus was led on 14 parameters out of other water qualitative parameters which have a decisive effect affecting water potability , water suitability for irrigation , environment and industry. They are : EC , total dissolved solids (TDS) , Chloride , Sodium , Magnesium , Calcium , Magnesium , Bicarbonate , Base , BOD , Sulphate , suspended solids and total hardiness. The results of the present study explained the rate of electrical conductivity (2 ,4 - 3,3 - 3,4 ) d Siemens / m and (4 , 2 - 3 , 5 - 4 ,8 ) d Siemens / m for Al Najibiyah station. the rates of the dissolved solids values were also reported : (1516 - 2108 - 2170 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (2717 - 2295 - 3050 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. the rate of Chloride values ranged (308 - 300 - 405 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (209 - 368 - 509 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah.The rate of Potassium values ranged (75,2 - 80,8 - 50 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (153 - 120 - 110 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. The rate of Calcium values (164 - 140 - 196 ) mlg /ltr for Al Hartha and (180 - 200 - 212 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. Magnesium value rates ranged (106 - 100 - 120 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (124 - 133 - 165 ) mlg /ltr for Al Najibiyah. Bicarbonate value rates ranged (284 - 249 - 315 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (442 - 515 - 436 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah respectively. Base value rates ranged (205 - 220 - 215 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (295 - 310 - 330 ) for Al Najibiyah. concentration rate of BOD was within the range of (4,5 - 5,2 - 6 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha station and (4,2 - 6,25 - 8 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah station respectively. Sulphate value rates ranged (710 - 530 - 100 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (278 - 169 - 275 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah respectively. suspended solids value rates ranged (21 - 82 - 85 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. the water of the stations under study is hard. Total hardness value ranged (865 - 900 - 1000 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (905 - 920 - 980 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. The study reflected a clear - cut deterioration in Shat Al Arab water properties that electrical conductivity and TDS have got both increased in both stations Furthermore , Chloride ion concentration was recorded to be higher than that of Bicarbonate and the later is higher than that of Sulphate while Calcium ion concentration was recorded to be higher than that of Magnesium. Moreover , the study demonstrated differences in the concentration of Sodium and Potassium ion as well as the suspended solids seasonally. Using such water for the purpose of drinking , irrigation and industry results in growing problems in terms of salinity and toxicity. It also brings drastic damages since most of which pass over the maximum limits approved by WHO.

نقل النفط واثره على التنمية الاقتصادية في محافظة البصرة باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (G.I.S) : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Transportation Of Oil And Its Effect On Economic Development In Basra Governorate Using Geographic Information Systems G.I.S

اسم المؤلف: علي حسين خميس
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي | طارق جمعة المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study discussed the subject is one of the most important and prominent geographical and economic themes, which is one of the pillars of economic development, a topic that transport crude oil from the province of Basra, to the importance of the strategic role played by the crude oil in the economic development for the province of Basra, first and Iraq second, using geographic information systems (G.I.S) in order to draw a digital data of the study area as a base of geographic studies or other subsequent studies of other base.Reviewed with it the historical development of the transportation of crude oil in Iraq and the province of Basra since 1925 and until the year 2013, with touched on the most important historical developments and changes that have affected the transportation of crude oil from the Basra Governorate process. And it focused on the stage after 2003 until 2013 as crude oil transfer process undergone numerous historical Bmnattvat affected positively and negatively on the activity of transport crude oil from the province. It has also pointed to the geographical distribution of oil fields in Basra province and through the number of fields and the amount of crude oil reserves are being drawn by the futuristic image of the crude oil transportation and economic development operations.This thesis also addressed the study of natural and human factors, geographical variables fact have a significant impact on the quantities of crude oil transported from the Basra province to the rest of Iraq, or those transferred quantities to export. Especially since natural factors is the fact that a variety of Basra province, lies between the two sides, one nautical overlooking the bay Barre and the other linked with the rest of the Iraqi provinces, making this natural factors take an influential role different aspects. The human factors have been touched them as they represent the reality of man in the study area and other factors exceeded the geographical area of study like the factors of economic and demand and other factors affecting human limits. This is in order to understand the most important geographical challenges facing crude oil transfer process.The study discussed the means of transporting crude oil networks took place in the province of Basra, crude oil pipelines and knowledge of the energies of those pipe - borne and the quantities in which domestic consumption, the study of the oil ports and energies and the quantities transported through them abroad during the period 2003 - 2013, the study pointed to the logistics support to transport crude oil being one of the essential elements to you can not do without them in this process, especially since these processes are constantly flow and allow the transfer of crude oil from the province of Basra.She noted this thesis to contribute to the importance of the transfer of crude oil from the province of Basra on economic development on the GDP and economic activities, economic and trade balance of Iraq during the period 2003 - 2013, also touched on other aspects of the role of the shortage of crude oil from the province of Basra to the economic development of the productive sectors and companies that using movable crude oil from the province of Basra from this side. On the other hand contributed to the study identifies the role of the transfer of crude oil from Basra province, regional economic development through the revenues that accrue to the province of production and transportation of crude oil operations for the duration of the study

تذبذب مستوى المياه الارضية في قضاء الفاو واثارها الجيومورفولوجية : دراسة في الجغرافية الطبيعية == Fluctuation Of Ground Water Level In Faw Province And Its Geomorphological Effects (Study Of Physical Geography)

اسم المؤلف: بنين نوري نصار الكعبي
اسم المشرف: نمير نذير مراد علي الخياط
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
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