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عزل وتشخيص البكتريا المرضية مع ايلاء اهتمام خاص للبكترياStaphylococcus auerus المرافقة ل Cutaneous Leishmaniasis في محافظة ذي قار == Isolation and Identification Pathogenic Bacteri with Special Regard to Staphylococcus auerus Associate with Cutaneous leishmaniasis at Thi - Qar Province

اسم المؤلف: رضاء الله مرتضى الاعظمي
اسم المشرف: قاسم حسن وداعة
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2017
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study is designed to isolated and identification the pathogenic bacteria associated with Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease characterized by single or numerous ulcerations. This was study performed in Iraqi in Shatra general hospital and Al - hussein teaching hospital in Thi - Qar province 2016 - 2017.Total of 370 samples of suspected patients were taken and after examining them using geimsa stain , the positive were 186 males and 126 females then sterilize the area surrounding for ulcer , all samples were taken to (swab transport media) ,culture to MacConkey agar and blood agar after 24 hr of incubation at 37C ,after diagnosed by biochemical testing then species determined by API system. The positive results on culture media 92/312 , males 62 (67.4%) , female 30 (32.6 %).The total bacteria isolated from the lesions were in males and female staph auerus 52 cases (56.5%), Escherichia coli 8 cases(8.6%) , Bacillus cereus 6 cases(6.5%) , Pseudomonas. aeruginesa 5 cases (5.4% ), Strep. Pyogenes 6 cases(6.5%) ,Strepto.agalactiae 3 cases(3.3%).While other that isolated in males only and did not appear in females were aerobic bacteria ,Listeria moncytogenes 3 cases(3.4%) , Actinobacteria .spp 2 cases(2.2%) ,Klebsiella. Pneumonia 2 cases (2.2%) , Rodococcus .equi 1 cases (1.1%) , and anaeroberia bacteria ,Peptococcus niger 2 cases (2.2%) ,Peptostreptococcus .spp 2 cases (2.2%) .Then find bacteria that more presence more with cutaneous Leishmaniasis ,were it was staph. aureus therefore it were objected study antibiotic resistant .The present study demonstrates that Staph. aureus XIV isolates were resistant to methicillin 50 (96.15%), penicillin 48 (92.30%) , Clindamycin 37 (71.15%), ciprofloxacin 30 (57.69%) , Gentamicin 30 (57.69%),Amoxicalave 29 (55.76%), Azithromycin 25 (48.07%) , Amoxicillin 22 (42.30%), Tetracycline 21 (40.38%), Rifampin 10 (19.23%) and Vancomycin all staph .auerus are sensitive to Vancomycin The all 52 Staph. aureus isolates were further examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of (16SrRNA ,mecA and PVI gene ). 16SrRNA gene which were responsible for diagnosis ,where all isolates were positive to was 52\52 (100%) , mecA gene which were responsible for methicillin resistance this was detected in 52\52 (100%) . of Staph. aureus isolates and a part of virulence factors PVL gene was detected in 46/52(88.46%) of Staph. aureus isolates which are responsible to kill the leukocytes of human and other animals.

التوصيف المظهري والجزيئي للانواع البكتيرية المصاحبة لحالات الحروق في محافظة ذي قار == Phenotypic and Genotypic Charactrization of Bacterial species Assocuated with burn infections in ThiQar province

اسم المؤلف: عبير هادي فرهود الحبيب
اسم المشرف: رحمن لعيبي جلاب
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2016
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى تشخيص الانواع البكتيرية المصاحبة لحالات الحروق والكشف الجزيئي عن الموروثه 16SrRNA في الانواع البكتيرية المشخصة واستخدام تقنية DNA Sequencing . تناولت الدراسة الحالية فحص ومعاينة 107 مريضا تم اختيارهم بشكل عشوائي (ذكور واناث) تراوحت اعمارهم بين 1 - 45 سنة من الراقدين في مستشفى الحسين التعليمي للمدة من حزيران - 2015 تشرين الاول 2016 اذ اجري الفحص السريري من قبل الطبيب المختص وتشخيص الاصابة على انها حالة حروق مرضية ناتجة عن اسباب مختلفة. جمعت 107 عينة مسحات قطنية Cotton swabs وزرعت على وسط اكار المكونكي ((MacConkey agar واكار الدم ((Blood agar والاكار المغذي ((Nutrient agar. شخصت العزلات عن طريق الاختبارات المظهرية والبايوكيمائية وعامل التشخيص API20E ونظام الفايتك ( (Vitek 2compactفضلا عن التشخيص الجزيئي باستخدام جين.16S rRNA واظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية وجود 117 عزلة بكتيرية تفوقت فيها العزلات السالبة لصبغة كرام ((Gram negative بنسبة 93.16% على العزلات الموجبة لصبغة كرام (Gram positive)بنسبة 6,83 وكانت نسب توزيع العزلات البكتيرية المشخصة Pseudomonas aeroginosa 32.47% , Klabseilla pneumonia 21.36% واقل نسبــة عزل كانـت لبكتريا Staphylococcus epidermidis بنسبة عزل 1.7% , في حين كانت نسب العزلات البكتيرية التالية Acinetobacter baumannii , Escherishia coli , . Enterobacter claocae ,Staphylococcus aureus , Burkholderia cepacia, Pruteus mirabillis, , Pantoea agglomerans بنسبة عزل. 12.36% , 11.1% , 5.12% , % 5.12 , 3.41% , 2.56 على التوالي.تناولت الدراسة الحالية بعض الجوانب الوبائية للحالات المصابة التي شملت معلومات عن المرضى المصابين بالحروق التي تضمنت الجنس , العمر , موقع السكن ونوع الحرق. وبينت النتائج ان عدد الحالات المشخصة كاصابات حروق للذكور كانت بنسبة 42.9% بينما كانت نسبة اصابة الاناث 57.%, تم تقسم المرضى الى عدد من المجاميع حسب الفئات العمرية. اعلى نسبة اصابة كانت في الفئة العمرية 9 - 1سنة بنسبة 54.2% وهي الفئة الخاصة بالاطفال تليها الفئة العمرية erishi29 - 20 بنسبة 20.56% واقل نسبة اصابة كانت في الفئة العمرية 49 - 40 بنسبة 4.67% وكانت نسب الفئات العمرية الاتية 19 - 10 , 39 - 30 بنسبة 11.21 , 9.34 على التوالي. اشارت النتائج الى ان حالات الاصابات المشخصة توزعت بنسب متفاوتة فيما يتعلق بنوع الحرق اذ كانت اعلى نسبة اصابة بالحروق بواسطة الماء المغلي Boiled water 38% تليها اصابة الحرق بواسطة لهيب الغاز Fire by gas flame بنسبة 28.9% واقل نسبة اصابة كانت لحروق الصدمة الكهربائية بنسبة 4.67%.اما فيما يتعلق بطبيعة ومكان السكن فقد اظهرت الدراسة ان اعلى نسبة اصابة كانت بين الافراد الذين يسكنون المناطق الريفية بنسبة 84.1% في حين كانت اصابات المركز بنسبة 15.88% . وجدت الدراسة الحالية ان نسبة الاصابة بالحوادث غير المقصودة كانت 86.9% في حين كانت الاصابات المقصودة 13% , لوحظ في الدراسة الحالية ان اعلى الاصابات بالحروق كانت تحدث في فصل الشتاء بنسبة 75.7% مقارنة باصابات الحروق في فصل الصيف 24.29% .اما بالنسبة الى اختبار فحص الحساسية فقد بينت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان اكثر المضادات الحيوية فعالية ضد كل من البكتريا السالبة لصبغة كرامBacteria Gram negative والموجبة لصبغة كرام Gram positive هي Ceftazidin , Ciprofloxacin,Amicacin .واظهرت الدراسة ان اكثر العزلات مقاومة هي بكتريا P.aeruginosa التي اظهرت مقاومة لكل المضادات الحيوية بنسب متفاوتة. اكدت نتائج الدراسة الجزيئية لتضخيم جين 16SrRNA ان كل العزلات اعطت نتيجة موجبة لهذا الجين وان حجم الجين لكل الانواع البكتيرية كان 1500pb كذلك اكدت النتائج ان الحصول على500Pb من DNA Sequencing للجين 16SrRNA كافية لتشخيص الانواع البكتيرية كلا على حدة . ايضا تم مقارنة جميــــع نتائج DNA Sequencing للانواع البكتيرية (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Escherishi coli, Enterobacter cloaca , Proteus mirabillis, , Klebsiella pneumonia Staphylococcus.heamolyticus ,) التي اكدت تشابه نسب تتابع القواعد النيتروجينية مع نسب القواعد النيتروجينية المخزونة في البنك الجيني باستخدام برنامج MEGA6 Moleculas Evolutionary Genetics Analysis)) اكدت نتائج الدراسة الحالية على وجود 21 سلاله جديدة قيد التسجيل واعطيت الرمز TQU1 الى TQU12. | The present study addressed the examination and preview the 107 patients. who were randomly selected (males and females) and who ranged in age from 1 - 45 years old and have fallen asleep at the Hussein Teaching Hospital of the, period from Jon 2015 to November 2016. where he conducted clinical examination by a specialist doctor and diagnosed as a case of burns satisfactory result for different reasons. specimens were cultured on appropriated culture MacConkey agar, Blood agar and Nutrient agar, diagnosed isolates by phenotypic tests, Biochemical test, diagnosis factor API20E system Vitek 2 compact, as well as to molecular diagnostics, During this study, In total 117 bacterial isolates.109 isolates were Gram - negative bacilli and 8 were Gram - positive cocci. he distribution of bacterial isolates diagnosed Pseudomonas aeroginosa 32.47%, Klabseilla pneumonia 21.36% and the lowest rate was to isolate the bacteria by isolating Staph.epedermidis 1.7%, while the following bacterial isolates Acinetobacter baumennii, Escherishia coli, Enterobacter claocae, Staphylococcus .aueus, Burkholderia cepesa, Pruteus mirabillsi, Pantoea agglomerans by isolating : 12 : 82% , 11.1% , 5.12% 5.12% 3.41% 2.56 respectively. The present study addressed some of the epidemiological aspect of infected cases burns,which included information on patients with with burns, which included sex, age, residence location (place), burning type. The results showed that (42.9%) isolates were males and (57.%) were female.The most frequent patient were belonged to the 0 - 9 years old (54.2%) which is for children. 29 - 20 followed by isolation of 22 20.56% and less isolating rate was in the 49 - 40 age group. Created results also cases of infections diagnosed were distributed to varying degrees with respect to the type of cremation, where the highest rate of injury burns Boiled water 38%, followed by the burning by flames gas Fire 28.9%,Fire by gasoline flames (19.6%),Hot liquids (8.41%) and Electrical Shock(4.67%). As for the nature and place of residence have study found that the highest proportion of cases were among individuals who live in rural areas increased by 90 injured 84.1% while the injuries the center has reached 17 cases of burn injury by 10.88% ,Frequency of the manners of burning based on intention or accidentally was as follow : (86.95) of patients were burned accidentally and (13%) were intenion. Present results showed that the most frequent burning (75.7%)was occurred during winter. The lowest frequency (24.2%)was belonged to summer .So the most common time of burning of present was during winter. As for the screening test sensitivity was shown the results of the current study that the most effective antibiotics against both Gram - negative bacilli bacteria and Gram - positive cocci were Ceftazidin, Ciprofloxacin, Amicacin while most of isolates showed high resistance to Ticarkcillin, Gentamicin, Impenem. Where the highest proportion of resistant bacteria P.aeruginosa which showed high resistance to all antibiotics in different proportions. It showed the results of the molecular study to amplify the gene 16SrRNA that all isolates gave a positive result and it's within the range 1400pb - 1500 pb. Also it has been compared to the results of all the DNA Squencing bacterial species (P.aeruginosa, E.coli, E.cloaca, A.baumennii, P.mirabili), which confirmed its similarity ratios nitrogenous bases relay with nitrogenous bases ratios stored in the gene bank

التوصيف الجزيئي لبعض الفطريات الانتهازية المعزولة من المرضى الضعاف مناعيا واختبار حساسيتها تجاه مستخلص الثوم == Molecular Identification of Some Opportunistic Fungi Isolated from Immunocompromised Patients and Their Testing Sensitivity Against Extract of Garlic ( Allium sativum)

اسم المؤلف: هند حبيب عبد الامير الفرطوسي
اسم المشرف: ياس خضير عباس | ميثاق ستار عبود
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2017
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية العزل والتوصيف الجزيئي والمظهري لبعض الفطريات الانتهازية من القناة التنفسية السفلى للمرضى الضعاف مناعيا المراجعين لقسم الاورام في مستشفى الحبوبي والمراجعين للعيادة الاستشارية للامراض الصدرية في محافظة ذي قار (جنوب العراق) حيث تم جمع 130عينة قشع sputum للفترة من 1/10/2015 الى 1/5/ 2016 . بلغ عدد العينات الموجبة للزرع 85عينة وبنسبة 65.38% , اذ شكل عدد عينات الاناث الموجبة 21 عينة وبنسبة 46.67 % , اما عدد عينات الذكور الموجبة فقد بلغ 64 عينة وبنسبة 75.29% . ظهرت اعلى نسبة عزل عند الفئة العمرية 61 - 70 سنة وبنسبة 32.94 % بعدها الفئة العمرية 31 - 40 سنة وبنسبة 15.25 % . وتم الحصول على 106 عزلة فطرية . باستخدام طرق التشخيص المظهرية والجزيئية, بينت هذه الدراسة ان اعلى نسبة ظهور للفطريات المعزولة تمثلت بجنس spp. Candidaثم جنس Aspergillus spp.تلاه جنس Penicillium spp. بالنسب المئوية 49.41% 38.32 % 21.17 % وبالترتيب . كما ظهرت Candida albicans ثم Aspergillus flavus بالنسب المئوية 36.47 % , 12.94% بالترتيب, كما تم تسجيل 15 عزلة من الفطريات المعزولة في البنك الجيني الدولي . شملت الدراسة استخدام اربعة مذيبات عضوية وهي الايثانول, الاسيتون, الميثانول والماء بحيث كان قد استخدم من المذيبات الثلاثة غير الماء التراكيز 50%, 70% فضلا عن التركيز المطلق للحصول على مستخلص الثوم. اختبرت اربعة تراكيز من كل مذيب ضد 11 نوعا من الفطريات المعزولة, واظهر المستخلص المائي كفاءة جيدة في تثبيط جميع انواع الفطريات المدروسة بالمقارنة مع المذيبات العضوية الاخرى اذ بلغ اعلى معدل تثبيط عند التركيز400 مايكروغرام\مل بحيث ابدى الفطر Penicillium notatum تاثرا كبيرا للمستخلص المائي الذي بلغ اعلى معدل تثبيط له (60 مليمتر) عند التركيز المذكور . حددت الفعالية الحيوية لكل مذيب ضد كل الفطريات المدروسة وتم مقارنة المستخلص مع ثلاثة مضادات فطرية Miconazole وNystatin وAmphtericin B واظهر المضادان الاول والثاني تاثيرات متباينة اما المضاد الثالث فلم يظهر اي تاثير على الفطريات المختبرة . تم تحديد السمية الخلوية للمستخلص المائي الخام باستخدام كريات الدم الحمر ولم يتسبب في اي تحلل دموي. كذلك تضمنت الدراسة الكشف عن المركبات التي يحتويها المستخلص المائي للثوم باستخدام الكشوفات النوعية وتقنية كروماتوغرافيا الغاز GC فكشفت تلك الطرائق وتقنية كروماتوكرافيا الغاز بان المستخلص يحتوي على القلويدات والفينولات والفلافونويدات والتربينويدات والتانينات والكاروتينات بالاضافة الى وجود الاحماض الامينية ومركبات كبريتية اهمها الاليسين allicin واخرى اروماتية | The current study included isolation and molecular and phenotypic identification of some the opportunistic fungi from the lower respiratory tract of the immunocompromised patients in the Department of Oncology and Thoracic Consultant Clinic of Alhaboobi hospital at Thi - Qar Province ( South of Iraq). The specimens of sputum were 130 which collected during 1/ October /2015 until 1/May/2016. The study showed that 85 of the collected specimens appeared as positive results which were 65.38% of the ratio in which the females ones were 21 (46.67%) specimens while 64 (75.29%) for males. In addition that, the highest ratio of the positive results was recorded in the ages of 61 - 70 years, followed by 31 - 40 years which were 32.94% and 15.25%, respectively. Totally, 106 isolates of the isolated opportunistic fungi appeared from the positive specimens. Through using morphological methods and molecular techniques, this study showed the first rank of the isolated fungi was Candida spp followed by Aspergillus spp, and Penicillium spp which possessed ratios of 49.41%, 38.32% and 21.17, respectively. According to the species, the first ratio of the isolation was Candida albicans followed by Aspergillus falvus, as 36.47%, 12.94%, respectively. Fifteen fungal isolates of the present study were recorded in the Gene Bank of NCBI. In this study, the extracts of Allium sativum were separately obtained by using four organic solvents (ethanol, acetone, methanol and water) and three concentrations (50%, 70% and absolute) of each solvents except water. Four concentrations of each extract were tested against 11 species of the isolated fungi in which the water extract gave the best value of the bioactivity including highest inhibitory value (60 mm) against Penicillium notatum by using 400µg\ml compared with the extracts of ethanol, acetone, and methanol. The bioactivity of Allium sativum extracts of each solvent was done against the tested fungi in comparison with Amphotericin B, Nystatin and Miconazole in which two of them produced the different bioactivities while Miconazole had no effect. The blood cytotoxicity of the crude water extract was performed against red blood cells and it did not appear any hemolysis. The chemical tests and Gas Chromatography (GC) revealed that the water extract contains alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and carotenes in addition to sulfur formations, such as allicin as well as aromatic compounds.

التحري الجزيئي والوبائي لطفيلي المتحولة Entamoeba Spp. في الاطفال المصابين بالاسهال في محافظة ذي قار == Molecular and Epidemiological investigation of the Parasite Entamoeba Spp. In children with diarrhea in Thi Qar Province

اسم المؤلف: منار كريم كاظم السعيدي
اسم المشرف: فاضل عباس منشد العبادي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2017
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت الدراسة الحالية فحص 3909 عينة غائط للاطفال دون سن 12 سنة الذين يعانون من الاسهال ويشكون من الام بطنية والمراجعين لمستشفى بنت الهدى التعليمي ومستشفى الشهيد محمد الموسوي والمراكز الصحية والعيادات الخارجية في محافظة ذي قار خلال المدة من شهر تشرين الاول 2015 لغاية شهر ايلول 2016 تضمنت الدراسة ثلاثة محاور رئيسة . المحور الاول هو تشخيص جنس المتحولة مجهريا باستعمال المسحة المباشرة الرطبة وطريقة التركيز وذلك للكشف عن الاطوار المتغذية والمتكيسه للطفيلي واظهرت اصابة كلية بجنس المتحولة Entamoeba spp. بنسبة 26.86% واختيرت 80 عينة من العينات الموجبة مجهريا لتاكيد التشخيص باستعمال الفحص الجزيئي PCR بواسطة الجين 18S rRNAفسجلت الدراسة اصابة كلية بطفيلي المتحولة بنسبة 35% ، اظهرت نتائج الفحص باستعمال طريقة Nested PCR لتمييز الانواع (Species Specific) اصابة بطفيلي المتحولة الحالة للنسج Entamoeba histolytica بنسبة 39.29% وبطفيلي المتحولة المتغايرة Entamoeba dispar بنسبة 39.29% . فحصت العينات الموجبة (28) للPCR باستعمال Real - Time PCR وبوجود المجسان Probes المجس Histolytica - 96 T الخاص بالمتحولة الحالة للنسج والمجس Dispar - 96 T الخاص بالمتحولة المتغايرة وذلك لتاكيد التشخيص وتمايز الانواع فثبت وجود المتحولة الحالة للنسج باعلى نسبة 53.57% والمتحولة المتغايرة بنسبة 39.29% والانواع الاخرى لجنس المتحولة بنسبة 7.14% وبفارق معنوي بين الطريقتين الجزيئيتين مع وجود تاثير معنوي لنوع الطفيلي في احداث الاصابة . اظهرت الدراسة اصابة مفرد لطفيلي E. histolytica بنسبة 45.50% ولطفيلي E.dispar بنسبة 27.20% فيما سجلت اصابة مختلطة بنسبة 27.30% كما وسجلت وجود كريات الدم الحمر في 80% من العينات الموجبة لوجود E. histolytica وبنسبة 54.55% من العينات الموجبة لوجود E.dispar . تضمن المحور الثاني دراسة انتشار الاصابة بجنس المتحولة من خلال دراسة علاقة الاصابة مع بعض العوامل الوبائية ، منها فصول السنة التي اظهرت وجود فروق معنوية P≤0.05 فكان فصل الصيف اعلى الفصول من حيث نسبة الاصابة 37.06% وادناها في فصل الشتاء بلغت 14.14% ، كذلك لم تبين النتائج وجود فروق معنوية للاصابة فيما يخص الفئات العمرية فكانت النسب اعلاها بين الاطفال دون (3) سنوات فبلغت 30.50% ادناها بين الاطفال في الفئة الاعلى من (10) سنوات بلغت 17.13% ، لم تسجل الدراسة اية فروق معنوية في نسبة الاصابة بالطفيلي بحسب الجنس فسجلت نسبة 26.87% و26.85% للاناث والذكور على التوالي، في حين اظهرت الدراسة وجود فروق معنوية ملحوظة فيما يخص المستوى المعاشي فكانت نسبة الاصابة لدى الاطفال الذين ينتمون للعائلات ذات الدخل المحدود هي الاعلى 37.98% واقلها للذين ينتمون للعائلات ذات الدخل فوق الجيد وبلغت 10.11% كما سجلت النتائج وجود فروق معنوية في نسب الاصابة حسب المستوى التعليمي للابوين فكانت نسبة الاصابة عالية لدى الاطفال الذين المستوى العلمي لذويهم دون الابتدائية مقارنة بذوي الاطفال من حملة الشهادات الجامعية وبلغت النسب 36.85% و8.55% على التوالي فيما يخص عدد افراد العائلة كانت نسبة الاصابة عالية وبفارق معنوي لدى الاطفال الذين ينتمون لعائلات تتكون اكثر من (10) افراد واقلها للذين ينتمون لعائلات التي يبلغ عددها (5 - 3) افراد بنسب بلغت 36.95% و8.54% على التوالي . تضمن المحور الثالث دراسة بعض المعايير الدمية ومعرفة التغير في نسبة هذه المعايير لدى الاطفال المصابين بالطفيلي عند مقارنتها بالمعايير الدمية للاطفال الاصحاء وتم ذلك باستعمال جهاز Coulter Counter . جمعت 150 عينة دم من الاطفال المصابين بطفيلي المتحولة و50 عينة دم من الاطفال الذين يمثلون مجموعة السيطرة الاصحاء وتبين وجود فروق معنوية واضحة في نسبة خضاب الدم 10.16%وحجم كريات الدم الحمر المضغوط 34.7% حيث لوحظ انخفاضهما في مجموعة المصابين مقارنة بالقيم في مجموعة السيطرة التي بلغت 12.34 و39.10 على التوالي. سجلت نتائج العد الكلي لخلايا الدم البيض وجود ارتفاع معنوي في الاطفال المصابين مقارنة بمجموعة الاطفال الاصحاء وبلغت 11.3، 8.37 على التوالي وفيما يخص العد التفريقي لها فقد بينت النتائج وجود ازدياد بفارق معنوي في عدد الخلايا العدلة 6.92 و4.03 والخلايا الحمضة 0.61 و0.17 والخلايا الوحيدة 1.19 و0.93 على التوالي ولوحظ كذلك وجود انخفاضا معنويا في عد الخلايا اللمفاوية في الاطفال المصابين مقارنة بقيمتها لدى اطفال مجموعة السيطرة التي بلغت 2.19 و2.76 على التوالي | The current study included examination of 3909 stool samples from under 12 years old children who visited Bint Al - Huda hospital, Martyr Mohammad Al - Mosawi hospital, medical centres and outpatient clinics in Thiqar governorate during the period from October 2015 until September 2016. All those individuals were suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain. This study included the microscopic identification of Entamoeba Spp. using direct wet amount and concentration techniques in order to diagnose both Trophozoite and cyst stages of the parasite. The result revealed that 1050 (26.86%) of the collected samples were infected with Entamoeba Spp. Out of these infected samples, 80 were randomly selected for further confirmation by conventional PCR and 18S rRNA. Using this method, 28 (35%) was recorded to have Entamoeba Spp. Positive samples from conventional PCR were further examined by Nested PCR for species specific identification. The result of this method showed the presence of two species, E. histolytica (39.29%) and E. dispar (39.29%).Positive samples for molecular examination (28) were then examined by Real time PCR in order to verify and confirm the molecular results. Two probes were used, Histolytica - 96 Tfor E. histolytica and Dispar - 96 T for E. dispar. A significant difference was observed between two methods. E. histolytica was found to be higher percentage followed by E. dispar and then Entamoeba Spp., 53.57%, 39.29% and 7.14% respectively. The Real time PCR reported mono - infection with E. histolytica in 45.5% and with E. dispar in 27.2%, whereas reported mixed infections by both parasites in 27.3%. Red blood cells (RBCs) were detected in 80% E. histolytica positive samples and in 54.55% E. dispar positive ones.The environmental factors and their correlation with Entamoeba Spp. prevalence were also included in this study. The infection prevalence based on the seasonal variation showed significant differences P≤ 0.05. Summer recorded the highest infection prevalence whereas the lowest was in the winter, 37.06% and 14.14% respectively. Regarding the infection in age groups, the highest percentage (30.5%) was recorded in under 3 years old group and the lowest (17.13%) was found in above 10 years old one. However, no significant difference P≤ 0.05 was observed between these age groups. Furthermore, no significant differences were recorded betweenpatient’s sex. Entamoeba Spp. infection (37.98%) appeared to be higher in children who belong to families with low standard of living compared to those who are from families that earning a higher income (10.11%). A Similar pattern was found in Entamoeba Spp. prevalence based on the number of the patient’s family members. Higher prevalence and significant difference were reported (39.95%) in patients who belong high family member (above 10), compared to those from 3 - 5family member (8.54%).One hundred and fifty blood samples from infected children with Entamoeba Spp. and fifty samples from healthy children as a control were collected during the present study in order to observe the change in blood picture and parameters between two groups. Significant differences were reported in blood hemoglobin (10.16%) and volume of packed RBCs (34.7%) in the infected group compared to 12.34% and 39.10% in the control group. Total leukocyte count was found to be significantly higher in the infected group (11.3) compared to the individuals in the control group (3.37). Differential leukocyte count also showed significant differences in Neutrophils (6.92%, 4.03), eosinophils (0.61, 0.17), monocytes (1.19,0.93) and lymphocytes (2.19, 2.76) in infected and control groups respectively.

تاثير الاصابة التجريبية بطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondii وبعض الادوية على خصوبة الجرذان المختبرية Rattus norvegicus == Effect of experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection and some drugs on fertility rats Rattus norvegicus

اسم المؤلف: زهراء سعدون هادي الغزي
اسم المشرف: فاضل عباس منشد العبادي | علي اسماعيل عبيد السنافي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2016
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study included 3 stages. In the first stage, Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from aborted women placenta who visited Bent Al - Huda hospital and Al - Shatra hospital after confirmation of the prescence of parasite by impression smear method. Then parasite uspension injected 0.3 ml which contain 100 cyst intraperitoneally (174 rat) to 87 male and 87 female rats, inaddition to control group 30 rat (15 male and 15 female). After 10 days of injection, diagnosed the acute infection by Real - Time Poplymerase Chain Reaction(Real - Time PCR) and showed 97.70% (170 infected rat and 4 noninfected rat) , in male 96.55% (84 infected rat and 3 noninfected) ,in female 98.85% (86 infected rat and 1 noninfected) . After 2months of infection 84 animals (42 males and 42 females)were sacrificed, dissected (brain, testis and ovary ) were isolated to confirm the occurance of chronic infection with the using Real - Time PCR. The incidence of infection was 100% in brain males and ovary females and recorded 71.43% in testis and 90.48% in brain females. So diagnosed infection by impression smear method, identified the amount of DNA of the parasite T. gondii by using Real - Time PCR. The use of the remaining number of animals within the following experiments.The second stage included effect of experimental Toxoplasmosis infection and some drugs on fertility 168 rat (84 male and 84 female). Animals were subdivided into 6 groups for each group included 14 rat : (First group) non infected treated by DMSO, (Second roup) non infected treated by Sulfadiazine, (Third group) non infected treated by Pyrimethamine, (Fourth group) infected treated by DMSO, (Fifth group) infected treated by Sulfadiazine and (Sixth group) infected treated by Pyrimethamine.The current study results revealed prominent effect of T. gondii infection on the hormonal level in both males and females. T. gondii infection induced significant decline in Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Testosterone levels in nfected male compared with non infected males treated by DMSO. Sulf. and Pyr. treatment significantly elevated the level of these hormones (P <0.01) in infected males compared with fourth group similar to levels its in first group. Toxoplasmosis in female rats significantly decrease FSH, LH, Estrogen and Progesterone levels in compared with first group, while treating of infected females with Sulf. and Pyr. didn,t improve the declined levels of these hormones in infected and noninfected females comparedwith fourth and first group, respectively.The study showed that Toxoplasmosis in male rats induced significant decline in the sperm count in the epididymal cauda, sperm viability and relative weights of male sexual organs with an increase in sperm malformation ratio in infected male compared with first group. Treatment with Sulf. and Pyr. in infected male significanthy elevated the sperm count and viability (P<0.05), compared with fourth group. Sulf. didn,t induced further significant changes, but Pyr. induced further significant increase in sperm malformation ratio in infected (P< 0.01) and non infected (P<0.05) rats. The study also revealed that Toxoplasmosis significantly decrease the relative weight of ovary and uterus compared with first group, while treatment with Sulf. and Pyr. increased the declined relative weight of the ovary and uterus in the infected females.Testicular histological section of Toxoplasmosis infected male rats treatment with DMSO showed vacular degeneration of spermatogonia and spermatocytes. The seminiferous tubules revealed sever degeneration, shrinkal, necrosis, hemorrhage. Seminiferous tubules lumen contained little amount of sperm with appearance of gaint cell, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and exfoliated cellular debris. Metamorphosis and disintegration of the tissue between the seminiferous tubules was also observed compared to the first group that showed complex histologically intact while testes sections of infected rats treatment Pyr. and Sulf. showed improvement by removing histocompatibility damage caused by the parasite infection.The epididymal sections of T. gondii infected rats treatment with DMSO showed infiltration of mononuclear and multinucleated gaint cell. Sections also showed hyperplasia of duct lining and contained tissue cyst of T. gondii. All these changes were improved in infected males treated by Sulf. and Pyr. Ovary sections of the infected females treatment with DMSO compared with first group revealed decreased primary and secondary follicle increased follicle atresia. Histological sections of ovary females showed in the fifth and sixth group to increase the number of primary and secondary follicles and decreased number of follicle atresia compared overian sections for the fourth group. Uterine sections of the infected females treatment with DMSO showed hypertrophy, increase endometrial thickness and myometerium, increase polymorphonuclear cell infiltration, fewer glands and congestion of blood vessels compared with first group. Histological sections for ovary females of the fifth and sixth group showed changes but less severe than is present in the fourth group.In third stage from studying Toxoplasmosis on fertility parameters of male and female rats, 84 rat(42 male and 42 female) which showed the results of the current study, when paired fertilized healthy females by males is infected and infected of T.gondii treatment with Sulf. , Pyr. and DMSO, and inversion, there is the effect of the parasite and used drugs the percentage of getting pregnant and pregnancy size and rate of embryos weight and placental weight and increase the proportion of fetal resorption and the proportion of early loss of embryos in fertilized healthy females by males five groups compared to the first group.Based on that conclude from the study that the infection of parasite T. gondii had negative effects on the fertility of male and female, and that all of thePyr. and Sulf. were not honest is the other of the impact on reproductive functions.

دراسة العلاقة بين فقدان الجينين الـ GSTM1 وGSTT1 والاصابة بمرض الربو القصبي في محافظة ذي قار == Study The Relationship Between The Null Genotype of GSTM1, GSTT1 Genes And Bronchial Asthma In Thi - Qar Province

اسم المؤلف: نـور عمران عبد الكريم الغـزي
اسم المشرف: حسن ريسان الركابي | عدنان عيسى البدران
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم تصميم هذه الدراسة للتحقق من دور جينات الـ Glutathione - S - Transferase (Mu - 1) gene و(Theta) - 1 Glutathione - S - Transferase ومدى مساهمتها بخطر الاصابة بمرض الربو القصبي في محافظة ذي قار. حيث شملت (105) شخص مصاب بالربو باعمار من (20 - 69) سنة كان | This study has been designed to investigate the roles of the gens GSTMI and GSTTI the extent to which they contribute in asthma at Thi - Qar governorate. The study has been conducted on (105) patients with asthma whose ages from (20) to (69) years. (20) of them are males and (85) are females, and (110) are healthy with no infection of asthma or any sickness of respiratory system as a control group of the same ages, (60) of these are males and (50) are females. Blood samples have been collected from both groups in ampoules with EDTA and stored under temperature ( - 20) until they are used in getting the DNA from the groups. The genes GSTTI, GSTMI, and Albumin have been enlarged as internal control employing Polymerase chain Reaction (PCR). Some dangerous aspects of this disease have been investigated, the results showed that the disease in the urban areas (85. 71 %) higher than it rural areas, and Asthma among females is (80. 95%) higher than males. The results also indicated that asthma in ages (50 - 59) is more than other categories; it is (34.28%). The majority of patients are smokers with (63.80%). The study revealed that (73.33 %) of the patients have a family history with the disease while (26.66 %) have not. Statistical analysis showed that the loss of the gene GSTM1 is about three times in the patients more than the case in the control group. (OR=2.90) , while the loss of the gene GSTT1 is five fold more than it compared to the control group (OR= 5.55). The results indicated a significant effect of the loss of the two genes in having asthma in the urban and rural areas, it is six times and a half larger in the urban areas compared to the control group of the same area. Asthma probability is ten times more in the case of the loss of both genes in the rural areas compared to the control group in the same area. And no significant difference has been discovered when gene patterns of patients in both areas. The results also indicated that the probability of having asthma in male patients is two times and a half as many as it in the females when the gene GSTM1 is lost compared to the control group. While the same probability is eleven times in the case of the loss of both genes in the females as many as it the control group. The loss of Missing the gene GSTT1 is three times in the male patients and five times in the females compared to the two control groups. The results indicated significant differences when gene patterns of males and females are compared in the case of the loss of both genes. The statistical analysis indicated that the loss of both genes in the smoker patients contributes 17 fold in the probability of having the disease compared to the control group. While the probability increases four times approximately in the nonsmokers when the gene GSTM1 is lost compared to the control group (OR=3.77; 95% C1=1.69 - 8.407). No difference has been noticed in the gene patterns of the smoker and nonsmoker patients. The results indicated that the loss of both genes has been in all the age categories. No significant differences have been noticed among the gene patterns between the patients of less and those who are more than 50 years. Asthma probability has been found 7.77 times more in the case of the loss of both genes in the patients who have a family disease history compared with the control group. The asthma probability is twice when the gene GSTM1 is lost in those patients who do not have a family history disease compared to the control group. Upon comparing the gene patterns of patients according to the family disease history, there has been an effect of the loss of both genes and having a family disease history on the probability of asthma, it is almost six times when both genes are lost. The results indicated that the probability increases three times in the loss of the gene GSTT1 in the educated patients compared to control group. The probability also increases seven times when both genes are lost in the uneducated patients compared to the control group. When comparing the gene patterns of patients according to levels of education, significant differences between the educated an uneducated have been approximately twice in the loss of the gene GSTT1.

تقييم فعالية قاعدتين من قواعد شف الجديدة في بعض انسجة ذكور الفئران المختبرية البيض المصابة وغير المصابة بطفيلي المتحولة الحالة للنسج Entamoeba histolytica == Evaluate The Effectiveness of Two Bases of The New Schiff Bases In Some Tissues of Male Laboratory Albino Mice Infected And Non - Infected With The Parasite Entamoeba Histolytica

اسم المؤلف: عبد الجليل عزيز كريم
اسم المشرف: فاضل عباس منشد العبادي | حيدر عباس مهدي الحسيني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية تحضير وتشخيص قاعدتين من قواعد شف، حضر الليكاند الاول L1 من تفاعــل 2 - هيـدروكسي - 1 - نفـثالديهايد مــع الـسلفاميثوكسازول، وحضر الـثانـي L2 مـن تـفاعــل 4 - استميدوبنزالديهايد مع 4, 3 - داي امينو تلوين. شخص الليكاندان باستخدام ت | The present work includes a preparation and characterization of two schiff bases compound, the first from (L1) reaction of 2 - hydroxy - 1 - naphthaldehyde with sulphamethoxazole, and the second from (L2) reaction of 4 - Acetmidobenzaldehyde with 3, 4 - Diamino toluene. These compounds were characterized by the Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H - NMR), Mass Spectra, and the results were virtually identical to what is expected. It has been determined LD50 for the two ligands - after dissolved dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO - and account for them safe therapeutic dose, reaching 0.14 g / kg and 0.24 g / kg, respectively. In order to see the effectiveness of the two ligands on the parasite compared with the infected group and treatment with a drug metronidazole, these two ligands have been administered orally the therapeutic dose each separately on two groups of mice which infected by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Three other groups of mice that non - infected have been also administered separately with the parasite first and second ligands and dimethyl sulfoxide, to see some of the side effects of these three compounds in comparison with the two groups of positive and negative control. At the level of probability (p ? 0.05), the results of statistical analysis show a significant variation, remarkable inhibitory effect of the number of cysts that reached the less impact to the second ligand rate about 2.9. in the seventh day of the injury and treatment. In the fifth day of the injury and treatment, the highest inhibiting effect of metronidazole was at a rate of 0, while in the seventh day of them, the first ligand was a compromise in effect, amounting to at a rate of 1.1. The Histological study of tissue of the cecum, liver and spleen showed a normal state for a negative control, and an occurrence of severe tissue changes in a positive control. In the cecum tissue, the mucosal was thin, and there were crashes in the crypts of Lieberkühn, with infiltration in inflammatory cells, as well as the expansion of the cells lining the crypts, and the disappearance of or crash submucosal layer, as well as severe hemorrhage in muscularis, and thickening in serosa. There was severe congestion of the blood vessel which was observed in liver tissue, as well as thrombus which appeared attached to the wall of the blood vessel, and infiltration of inflammatory cells out of the blood vessel toward the hepatic tissue, especially macrophages and eosinophils. It was also noticed the disappearance of hepatic architecture with degeneration of the liver cells and a clear sinusoids expansion. In addition to vacuolation of liver cells, that the tissue sections showed, with the occurrence of bleeding along the hepatic tissue. The changes in the spleen tissue represented in the occurrence of severe bleeding on the length of the lymphatic tissue of the spleen with infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially macrophages, and the happening of megakaryocytes. There is a remarkable improvement could be noticed in each tissues of cecum, liver and spleen of the infected groups and treatment with metronidazole and the first and second ligands. The improvement ratios were close to some extent : in the treatment group with metronidazole there was observation in tissue cecum to the occurrence of the four layers of its component, and the happening of a little bleeding which, with infiltration of inflammatory cells, and this is roughly similar to what shown by histological sections of two treatments by the first and second ligands. The liver tissue of the group treated with metronidazole showed the occurrence of radially arrangement obviously hepatic cells around the central vein, and liver cells with nuclei appeared clear and centralized with esinophilic cytoplasm, and hepatic cells proliferative as some binucleated hepatocytes, with a simple expansion to sinusoids and the proliferation of kupffer cells, the treatment groups with two ligands marked by the presence of a small clot within the central vein of the liver as well as reported in the treatment group with metronidazole. Tissues sections of the spleen tissue of infected mice treated group by metronidazole showed a clear proliferation of white pulp, which appears containing arterioles clear, white pulp is also surrounded by proliferation red pulp. And showed tissue sections of the group of infected animals and treatment by the first and second ligands as well as the proliferation of lymphocytes, with the presence of megakaryocytes.Showed the three groups non - infected by the first and second ligands and dimethyl sulfoxide, the lack of side effects on each of the cecum tissue, liver and spleen, except for a very simple infiltration of inflammatory cells from macrophages in the cecum of the group treatment by the second ligand

المحتوى الكيميائي والتصنيف العددي لبعض انواع العائلة البقولية Leguminosae == Chemical content and Numerical Taxonomy for some Genera of Family Leguminosae

اسم المؤلف: كريم طالب حمد الحسيني
اسم المشرف: ياس خضير عباس | رزاق عبد المحسن صكر الازيرجاوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:

التقييم المتوقع للعوامل الاحيائية الدقيقة والفسلجية لتطور التدرن البشري في محافظة ذي قار == Prospective Evaluation Of Microbiological And Physiological Factors Of Human Tuberculosis In Thi-Qar Province/Iraq

اسم المؤلف: نافع فرحان مفتن الفرحان
اسم المشرف: منال بادي التميمي | خالد كاطع الفرطوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:

المحتوى البايوكيميائي لبعض الطحالب الدقيقة وتاثير بعض العوامل البيئية والملوثات في الاحماض الدهنية غير المشبعة == Biochemical Content of Some Microalgae and Effect of Some Environmental Factors and Pollutants In Unsaturated Fatty Acids

اسم المؤلف: صفاء حسين عبد الله الحسيناوي
اسم المشرف: حسين يوسف الركابي | راجي طعمة الزاملي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:

الكشف عن بعض جينبت الضراوة في بكتريب Bacillus cereus المعزولة من بيئبة مختلفة في محافظة ذي قار == Detection Of Some Virulence Genes In Bacillus Cereus Isolated From Different Sources In Thi-Qar Province

اسم المؤلف: اسراء ظاهر طاهر
اسم المشرف: راجي طعمة ناصر | منال بادي صالح
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
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