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مفهوم الامامة في كتاب عقيدة الشيعة لدوايت م. دونالدسن : دراسة تحليلية

Author name: زينب علي عبد
Supervisor name: عمار محمد يونس
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

صورة الامام علي (عليه السلام) في مرويات المفسرين من الموالي : التابعين انموذجا == Image of Imam Ali (p.b.u.h.) in Patron's Narrations : The followers as a model

Author name: هناء خضير حسين الشمري
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

مرويات طريق هجرة المسلمين الى المدينة المنورة : دراسة تحليلية == Narrations of Muslims Immigration Rout To the Shining Medinah : An Analytical Study

Author name: خضر عبد العزيز خضر
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

الدعوة الاسماعيلية في الاندلس جذورها واثارها العامة == The Ismaili Call in Andalusia is a study of its roots and general effects

Author name: ايمان مهدي لفتة
Supervisor name: محمد مهدي علي الشبري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

التطرف المذهبي في العصر العباسي واثره في تشويه الفكر الاسلامي == Sectarian extremism in the Abbasid era and its impact on the distortion of Islamic thought

Author name: قاسم خضير كاظم محمد الطالبي
Supervisor name: عباس جبير سلطان عبد الله التميمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

ال ابي الحسين الكلبيون في صقلية 336 - 444هـ /947 - 1052م == The Family of Abi Al Hussein Al Kelbis in Sicily 336 - 444 H

Author name: ريم مسلم هاني كشمر اليساري
Supervisor name: هاشم ناصر حسين الكعبي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Al Kelbis is one of the Arab families that had a role in the history, particularly Fatimid state. This family had a role in weakening disorder of Abi Yazid Mukheled which was considered the most dangerous disorder that faced the Fatimid state in North Africa. In the wake of disturbed situations in Sicily which belongs to the Fatimid state entrusted Sicily island ruling to Al Kelbis as a reward to their great efforts and prestige. They could rule Sicily island from 336 to 444 H. with the continuity of loyalty to Fatimid. The study included an introduction, a preface, three chapters, conclusions, and a list of references. The preface was devoted to the naming study and the geographical location as well as the island climate and most important cities, in addition to the general situations in Sicily before Al Kelbis ruling. The first chapter dealt with Al Kelbis' title and their role in fixing the Fatimid rule in North Africa and Sicily. It was divided into four sections. First sections clarifies Al Kelbis' descent, the second talks about Al Kelbis' military efforts in North Africa, the third mentions fixing Fatimid rule in Sicily, and the fourth talks about Al Kelbis' wars against Romans and Umayyad in Al Andalus. The second chapter is entitled Al Kelbis' military efforts in Sicily was divided into two sections. The first section gave attention to the role of the prince Ahmed Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali in Sicily and throning of the prince Ahmed Bin Al Hassan in Sicily. It also mentions the role of the prince Ahmed in the Fatimid - Romans conflict in Sicily and the relation of Sicily with the Umayyad in Al Andalus during the era of the prince Ahmed Bin Al Hassan. The second section mentions Al Kelbis princes in Sicily after the prince Ahmed Bin Al Hassan from 358 - 373 H. / 970 - 982 A.C., it states reaching the prince Abu Al Qasim Al Kelbi, and the prince Jabir Bin Ali. The third chapter which was entitled Sicily situations till disassembly and end of Al Kelbis family, was divided into three sections. The first section tackles Sicily situations from 373 - 388H./ 983 - 998 A. C. it talks about the prince Jaffar Al Kelbi 373 - 375 H./ 983 - 985 A.C. and his cunning to protect cities, and the prince Abdullah Al Kelbi375 - 379 H./ 985 - 989 A.C. and the most important events in his time, as well as the prince Abu Al fetouh Yousif379 - 388 H. / 989 - 998 A.C. and his care to the poetry. The second section was entitled disassembly of Al Kelbis family. It mentions the prince Jaffar Bin Yousif Al Kelbi 388 - 410 H. / 998 - 1019 A. C. and the beginning of Al Kelbis family from the revolution of Ali Bin Yousif and the revolt of Sicily people against the minister of the prince Jaffar Bin Yousif, as well the loss of south Italy. The third section was entitled the end of Al Kelbis state. It talks about the prince Ahmed Al Akhel and his interior policy 410 - 427 H./ 1019 - 1035 A. C. in addition to the relation of Sicily with the Romans during the era of the prince Al Akhel, and also the prince Hassan Bin Yousif Al Sumsam 341 - 443 H. / 1039 - 1051 A.C. and the Roman campaign against Sicily beside the disciplines in Sicily.

موقف الاتحاد السوفيتي من الحرب الاهلية اللبنانية (1982 - 1975) == The Attitude Of The Soviet Union From The Lebanese Civil War (1975 - 1982)

Author name: اسراء محمد علي عبد الكریم كساب
Supervisor name: جاسم محمد شطب العبیدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: This study or research deals with (The Attitude Of The Soviet Union From The Lebanon Civil War (1975 - 1982), The importance Of Lebanese crisis with contributed to its causes ,events and results in changing and drawing The local , region and international strategies . It was The most appropriate and appropirate stage For The Arab conhtries to prove their Foreign diblomatic in Fluence on one hand . Its explatation Of launching Of guerrilla operations a gainst Israel. On The otherhand The Arab - Israel conflict was On The worst stage. It was a shitable For The super power to show Their power and political , military capalites and maneuveaAfter The snd world war ended,The cold war had started between The western capitalist and Eastern Socialist camps . They made The middle East as astrategic target For political and military competition between Them . Taking Dlace From several eouhties Allies and mediators in The region , and This applies to Lebanon ,as is The case with Syria , That was For Soviet and Isreail For United stats . Each of Them was as a fundemantal pillor to confront The strikes under The hidden support of it'sallies . Taking The differente of or state of demographic diversitg and build on it . on The basis of The political division The National chapter in 1943 , when he made The political system based on The sharing of power when caused The country to be subject to sectarian clashes and to spark The anger in any serious blow . This anger was exacer bated in The aftermath of June 1967 setbaek , when The Arab eries of support For Palestinian resis tance rose and Promised a Fedrlly legitimate , duty of Arab countries to support it in all espects It was a great victory For The Palestinian res's tance after allwing it's armed political presence in The lebanses teiritories. The events of September 1970 created an intense fication and intensification of it's presence in labanon after expulsion of The Plastime liberation organization From Jordan. The countions guerrilla (Fedaiyian) operalions . especially during 1973 war which was launched From southern lebanon agaiht Isreail were The expected result and rejected by The mornite Lebanese right. The Palestinian presence was source of confusion and demographice in Lebanon and For The benefit of molims . All this made shadowed amajor crisis , The destrucation of in frastructur and loss of millions of lives , as well as the economic collapsein eastern Switzer land. The study period was From 1975 - 1982 in The history of labanon. It was The spark of anger actually tools place in eastern Switzer land On 13 April 1975 when the western camp had succeeded in exiting and expelling the P L O and Palestine refugee From labanon . At that tim , The second Isreali invasion Followed it . It was the most worct For the work of Arab - Palestinian cooperation also it was the success of imperialism , That year was make of the political and military diplomatic détente of the Soviet union ,especially after the death of president Soviet , (Brezhnev) in mid - November , Yuri Andropov became president . As well as The period of research did not meet adequate studies to take long tim in the history of Soviet Foreign diplomatic . This thesis consists of an , introduction , a preface Three chapters and conclusion . The conclusion consists of The import results that can be studied . The preface includes Three main points . The first points includes (A , B) the general conditions of the Soviet Union and the general condition of Lebanon . The study also shows or includes presentation of the deomgraphic , policy , socially of the two countries . The second Point dealt with the Soviet foreign policy on the Middl - East , especially Egypt , Syria and Lebanon . theses point were a fundamental and important starting points for the research . While the third point was to explain the 1958 crisis , American troops lowering , the period of shihabi rules and Soviet positions . The first chapter deals with the motives of the Lebanese civil war and it's after math , Arab - Israeli conflict . The study included a catalog For the period From (1967 - 1973) The chapter consists four sections . The first topic deals with (kxNakba Bof June 1067 and the Soviet position . A.The result of the direct war, B . The results of the Indirect war . The second topic reviewed the Cairo convention and the events of September black in 1970 and the Soviet postion of the Palestine liberation Organization (P L O ) , That was the foucus of the research in the third topic . The fourth Topic deals with the deterioration of 1973 war and it's impact on the Lebanese civil war . The importance of this period is the accumulation of events and Arab crises that affected the events in Lebanon . The second chapter deals with the declaration of Lebanese civil war and the deterioration of the internal situation until the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1975 and the Soviet position . It is divided in to Four Topics . The first deals with the causes of forcing war while the second is the reasons of the internal war The third is the Syrian invasion to Lebanon and the Soviet position (1975 - 1976) , The fourth topic deals with the first Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1978 and the impact of the two poles (side) Soviet and American policy on Lebanon . The third chapter pauses on the Soviet scenes From the three crises in Labanon between (1980 - 1982) and it's after math - It is distributed on four topics. The first topic deals with the Syrian rocket (crises of Zahla ) and the Soviet reactions . The second topic treated of the position s of Soviet From the invasion of Isaeli and From the massacres of Sabra and Shatila . The fourth topic dealt with the Soviet policy following the second invasion of Lebanon . The conclusion was basced on the most important findings and conclusion of the position of Soviet Union of the Lebanese civil war . This study concluded in some of it's results to the divergen of the Soviet positions throught the period of war .The shy positions committed by Moscow making as on lookers that was in the eyes of many Arab countries - especially those loyal to Soviet , this is incompatible with its history role and greet advocatey of oppressed people as a super Power . on the other hand , the military development achieved by the United states and the political weigh that it leads in the Middle East , especially lebanon is amcasure of Soviet domination . As for Syria , it has always been trying to prove its influence and lebanon's dependence on it . Especially as it was the backbone of the Foreigen policy of Soviet in lebanon and the middle East in general . Despite the different attitudy towards it sometimes , depending on the stage . But the relation have been closed since 1982 .

الرواية والاسناد واثرهما في وضع اخبار السيرة النبوية : المرحلة المكية انموذجا == Narration and ascription and their effect in Writing of prophetic Biography of Mecca Phase as a sample

Author name: سهاد محمد باقر جواد صادق
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Since long time, man interested in history whether by a scientific knowledge or be a desire to save his remarkable deeds and glorifying forefathers. This is to express his affiliation to his society and living land. Interest in saving history varies according to variety of cultures and their people, for each civilization has its own history. Arabs were the first who interested in saving their religious and cultural heritage. And in spite of the modest historical material of Arab history before the prophet mission that reached us; it is in fact a history that needs a lot of thorough examination and purification particularly in what concern with the religious side for most of its sources came through poetry, legends, folklores, and from some old Testament books. The prophet mission had great influence on development of history science for Arabs because of entrance of Arabic history into new era of documentation dew to the news that came through Holy Quran about previous nations. This is in addition to appearance of prophet Mohammed ( p.b.u.h.)as an Arabic personality that made a change in Arab peninsula and neighboring communities. This directed historians towards Arabic and Islamic history that started since descending of inspiration. This interest did not prevent fabricators to insert their lies to Islamic history particularly the prophet biography exploiting authority's prevention for writing down from one side and for the political conflict from the other side. Thus, the land was fertile and there was enough space to plant many lies in theprophet's( p.b.u.h.)biography. Despite of severity and verification means that muslim scholars in accepting or refusing narration, fabricators exploited transferring and narrating rules and source refusal to insert their subjects. Therefore, the source was a means to pass the faults and detestable narrations. Accordingly, there was a reason for a study deals with the source and narration and their influence on the historical fabrication process. This is what mentioned by Prof. Dr. Ayad Al kheffaji. He chose the prophet's biography to be his study, and in particular the Meccan period of the prophet life for its importance in the Islamic history. In addition, it was a very fertile land for fabricators because most of its events were not documented that makes easy for them to add whatever sources they want to the weak narrations. Our work in the dissertation was to discover whatever relates to the prophet's biography when he was in Mecca, starting from his birthday to his immigration to Medina, then studying sources and bodies narrations. For each narration had its own privacy that differs from others. There was the weak narrations whether by its source or body. Others had no source. Thus, there was necessity to criticize the text by comparing it with other historical tests one time and submitting it to the mind and logic on the doctrine criteria

موقف اهل الكوفة من الاحداث السياسية في خلافة الامام علي بن ابي طالب (عليه السلام) (35 - 40 هــ) == Al - Kufa people's position towards political events in Caliphate of Al - Imam Ali bin Abi Talib ( p.b.u.h.)( 35 - 40 Hijri)

Author name: رسمية خماط عبد الزهرة عباس الجبوري
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: In spite of the huge number of the previous studies that tackled Al Kufa city that focused on the religious , cultural, social, and economic aspects there, the researcher liked to study ' Al - Kufa people's position towards political events in Caliphate of Al - Imam Ali bin Abi Talib ( p.b.u.h.) ( 35 - 40 Hijri) '. this has an influence on my spirit to request more and encircle the subject and to discover facts that seems ambiguous. Nature of the study demanded that the study should be divided into an introduction, four chapters, conclusions including the most important results, and a list of the most important references. First chapter deals with the social construction of Al - Kufa community, tribes' emigration and their place of settlement, and a historical background of each tribe. Second chapter deals with Al - Kufa people's position towards Al Jemel battle. It starts from the city stand of the caliph Othman bin Affan, murder and paying homage to Al - Imam Ali and his administrative reforms that form a starting point to events represented by Al - Sham ruler's disobedience and mutiny to the caliphate legality Third chapter is devoted Al - Kufa people's position towards Seffean battle. Due to the press important and great influence on the wars directions, we preferred to study it with more detail for both fronts. We shed light on Al - Kufa people's position which forms a strong support for Imear Al Muamnean's (p.b.u.h.)front. Fourth chapter mentions Al - Kufa people's position towards Al - Nehrewan war. The study concentrated on the arbitration case andits role on appearing of Al - Khewarij group, Al - Kufa people's position towards Al - Khewarij war and the political events that followed. That was represented by the raids adopted by Muaweh on Al Imam Ali's states, and conducted by the hidden conspiracy to kill Imear Al Muamnean. After finishing the study, the following results can be drawn : 1.The tribe forms the social and political unit in the Kufa community when it was established, a plan was devoted to each tribe and this simplified recruitment and leading armies and distributing gifts as well as other issues.2.Tribes were divided into two parties Adnani and Ghahtani.3.Kufa became the capital of Islamic Arab state. So, the political center moved from Al - Medinah to Kufa which became the heir of Al - Medinah. It lasted as the decision center and the caliphate headquarter for four years. This has clear influence on the later times by its leadership for the Islamic Arab state. This formed a great danger to the resolutions and as opposition focus against unfair and disobedience.4.The study showed the supporting Kufa people's position to Al - Imam Ali (p.b.u.h.). since long history Kufa was identified by its tendencies to Imam Ali. Kufa people formed the strong support to Ali's army and the victory device in his three battles : Al Jemel, Seffean, and Al - Nehrewan.5.The military incidents that Imam Ali led are considered great incidents in history of Islam, for it was first local war among muslims. It was also first disobedient movement to the Islamic legality represented by the caliphate and Imameh together. He led his first war against perfidious to his pay homage ( A'isha, Telha, Al - Zubair ). The second war was against the mutant Al - Sham ruler (Muaweh). The third war was against the recant of religious (Al - Khewarij).6.First splitting among Al - Kufa people happened when some of them raised the disobedience flag. Those were minority. Historically, they were known Al - Khewarij. The Prophet's talks were foreseeing their existence and he was urging their fighting to eradicate them

صراع الجناح السياسي والجناح العسكري في الدولة العباسية حتى عام 218هــ

Author name: قاسم علي محمد اليساري
Supervisor name: عمار محمد يونس الساعدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

العلاقات اليمنية الحبشية من القرن الاول الميلادي حتى نهاية القرن السادس الميلادي == Yemeni african relations Abyssinian from the first century AD until the end of the sixth century AD

Author name: تيسير عماد مرزوك
Supervisor name: علي كسار غدير الغزالي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Arab History Before Islam
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

موارد القاضي النعمان ومنهجه في كتابه المناقب والمثالب == Judge Nu'man's Resources and Curriculum in His Book Al Mnakeb wa Al Mthalb

Author name: محمد باقر عودة ابو السود
Supervisor name: حسين كاظم حسون القطب ال طعمة
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

السجون في مدينة بغداد : دراسة في خططها واساليب التعذيب فيها من 334 - 447هـ/945 - 1055م == The Prisons in Baghdad study in it's planning and methods of torture from (334 - 447 A.H , 45 - 1055 A.D )

Author name: وجدان صالح داخل العبيدي
Supervisor name: ميثم مرتضى مصطفى
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The subject of Prisons in Baghdad city study in its planning and methods of torturer from (334 - 447 A.H , 45 - 1055 A.D ) is the important subject which the researchers did not study well especially during the Buwaihed's period in Iraq . This study aims to show the role and the significant of the prisons on human who take two way ; the first is repairing the human self, the second of aims to punish the criminal which is value of his criminal against humanities. The study is also show the development of the prisons in history in the Buwaihids periods . The establishment of prisons in Baghdad during the Buwaihids periods were taking two ways, the first was some of prisons in Baghdad were building before the Buwayhid reign but they were still continued, and the other were building during the Buwayhed reign . The information of prisons in the history books are very little but I collected these information and analysis it in order to reach for better conclusions . Islamic religion put many punishment for many crimes but did not declare for the prisons . We divided this study for four section . At the beginning we study Bani Buwaih in their original and the first step to establish their state in Persian lands and then go to Baghdad , the research also contain the Buwaihid princes in Baghdad . The first section contains the meaning of prison in language and idioms and its meaning in Holy Quran and sunnat . This first section also study the historical development of prison in Persian empire , Byzantine empire , and Arab tribe before Islam , and in Arabic state during the state of prophet Mohammed ( peace be upon him ) and Rashid caliphate , Umayyad and Abbasid caliphate . This study refer to the prison form , kinds of different sentences toward prisoner . The second section contains prison planning in Baghdad and its administration , the meaning of plain , the form of prison , the responsibility of its administration the persons who issued the orders of prison , the tools of touchier ; The third part of this we study the kinds of prisons in as general prison , special prison , woman prison .The fourth second contains the kinds of prisoners in Buwaihid period from the caliphates , princes ministers , writers , secretaries , Alawies , Qaramita and the prisoners of rebellions and revolutionaries . The information of prisons is very little during the Buwaihid period because most of the prisons was destroyed because of the political or natural as flood or burning it by the rebellion . We depended in this study on several sources as Arabic , Persian ,and English books in order to reach for the best conclusion .

بهجة السامعين والناظرين بمولد سيد الاولين والاخرين للعلامة المحدث الشيخ ابي بكر محمد بن احمد نجم الدين الغيطي الاسكند ري الشافعي ت 981 ه/ 1573 م : دراسة وتحقيق == Bahjat Al - Sam'een wa al - Nadhereen bi Maoled Sayyed Al - Aweleen wa Al - Akhereen For The Expert, Narrator, Sheikh Mohammed Ahmed bin Ali bin Abi Bekr Al - Ghadhy Al - Eskandy Al - Shafi'y ( d. 981A. H/ 1573A.D) A S tudy and Investigation

Author name: محمد نعمة طاهر الصريفي
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: By this study, the researcher obtained a number of conclusions that couldbe summarized as following : - 1 - The intellectual and cultural movement in Egypt, in the Mamloky era or the following Islamic eras, had flourished in the intellectual and theological schools that had gave us a great number of scientists, narrators and jurists.Many intellectual schools had been established where the great scientists, especially of the Shafi'y sect, had studied to be experts in the fields of the prophetic biography, jurisprudence and prophetic tradition or hadith.2 - In this study the researcher attempted to exhibit the biography of the author Najimul - Deen Al - Ghadhy and the scientific movement which he had lived where many scientists had worked to defuse the intellectual, religious and cultural awareness.3 - The study revealed the books and manuscripts, the published and the missing ones, of the author, his permission to the scientists of his era and the opinions upon his works, where his era had witnessed a serious competition among the scientists.4 - Throughout the study, we found that author Najimul - Deen Al - Ghadhy Al - Shafi'y is one of the narrators whose masters had described him as ( jam'e al - kamalat) and compared him to Al - Bokhary due to his scientific status in Egypt.5 - The study dealt with the masters, sheikhs and scientists who had praised his scientific march, and those who had learned and get used of his scientific works; written and orally.6 - The author had taught many of the student who had become a distinguished figures in the different fields of knowledge such as : - hadith, interpretation or explanation and jurisprudence according to Al - Shafi'y sect.7 - The researcher had not been restricted to the resources on which the author had depended, he went beyond them to the resources of biography, explanations, hagiography as well as the historical books that deal with all the details of the prophetic biography.8 - In this study we have referred all the narrations and texts of the this subject to their original resources completing them and correcting the distortion to have a clearer and more correct text.9 - The author's resources, declared and non - declared, had been put in a table. 10 - A scientific comparison had been conducted between original copy and the secondary one referring to the resources to get the correct text.11 - The results had been summarized and exhibited in the conclusion .By the support of His Almighty God, and the guidance of our master teachers, the researcher had accomplished studying and investigating Bahjat Al - Sam'een wa al - Nadhereen bi Maoled Sayyed Al - Aweleen wa Al - Akhereen, for The Expert, Narrator, Sheikh Mohammed Ahmed bin Ali bin Abi Bekr Al - Ghadhy Al - Eskandy Al - Shafi'y, ( d. 981A. H/ 1573A.D). Praise be to Allah, Lord of worlds, prayer and peace be upon the most honorable Mohammed and his pure progeny.

نساء ال عبد المطلب واثرهن في الحياة العامة حتى نهاية العصر الراشدي (41ه) == The Women of the Abdul Muttalibs and their impact on Islamic historY Until the end of the Rashidi erA

Author name: مروة رحيم راضي حنون الغزالي
Supervisor name: علي كسار غدير الغزالي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Abd al - Muttalib bin Hashim was a prominent figure in the community of the Arabian Peninsula in general, and Mecca in particular, he was the leader of the tribe of Quraish after his father Hashim bin Abd Manaf, and he had great works and alliances with other tribes, as well as the role of Abdul Manaf, In the commercial side. The profession of trade is one of the most important professions practiced by Abdul Muttalib after his father Hashim who inherited from, and his father played a prominent role in the ILAFF contract with kings and emperors and other Arab tribal leaders to pass the Quraish trade peacefully. The women of Al - Muttalib have a clear influence on the literary aspect before Islam through their saying of poetry , all its types . They were well - versed poets in this aspect, as they excelled in the poetry of lamentation, dancing, praise, bragging, and other kinds of poetry. Some of them were skilled traders, they collected from this trade large sums of money, for example, some of them speculations in the money.The women of the Abdul Muttalib house had a wide presence in most social events, as well as the participation of some in some decisions and alliances, such as the MUTAIBEEN alliance and others. Their speech had a clear impact on this aspect. The women of the Abdul MuttalibAAAAAAA family emerged during the invitation of the messemger, Muhammad through their participation in the migrations (Abyssinia, the city) such as Safia daughter of Abdul Mutalib, Fatima daughter of Asad, UM Hani daughter of Abu Talib ,Ruqaia daughter of Saifi and others. Some of the women of al - Muttalib participated in the wars of the messenger, Muhammad, where they were courageous against the polytheists, such as the participation of Safia daughter of Abdulmuttalib in two battles (Auhd and the trench), as well as the participation of the other women, such as Libabah bint al - Harith , UM Hani and others. Where they were courageous unlike some men. Some of the women of the family of Abd al - Muttalib urged their children to support the call of the messenger, Muhammad . So their position had a clear effect on the messenger, Muhammad. In addition, some women chose a negative role in calling the messenger Muhammad And the fight against his call, including UM Jameel, Abu Lahab's wife, who used all means against the call of the messenger against the rest of the women of the family of Abdul Muttalib.The women of Al - Muttalib had a prominent and clear effect in the narration of the sayings about the messenger Muhammad , through their coexistence with the reality of the events, as well as many of them reported about the messenger Muhammad, they were honest in this aspect, as they spoke about some other social aspects. so As the role of some women emerged after the death of the messenger and during the period of RASHIDA succession , they lament the Messenger of Allah Muhammad after his death.

مرويات سلمة بن الفضل الابرش (ت191هـ/806م) في تاريخ الطبري المرحلة المكية انموذجا : دراسة تحليلية == Narrations of Selem? Bin AlFedhil AlAbrish(Born 191 H. / 806A.D.) in AlTeberi History, The Meccan Stage as a Sample : An Analytical Study

Author name: حيدر عبد الحسين عبد السادة الحسيناوي
Supervisor name: انتصار لطيف حسن السبتي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

الامامة السياسية في فكر اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) من عام 114هـ/732م حتى عام 203هـ/818م == The Political Imamate in Ahlal - Bait Ideology ( 818A - 203H /732A - 114H

Author name: عباس علي حسين الشمري
Supervisor name: عمار محمد يونس الساعدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The political leadership played a great role over the periods passed by the Arab Islamic country has been the leader in the community and is the final authority in many of the issues that have been exposed to the Umayyad state as well as Abbasid as a broad thought helps the prosperity of the state and its recovery. The political leadership in governance as well. It reflected Maidor in the minds of the weak and the poor of the people and the literature has exceeded the leadership of the thinking of the people of the house peace be upon them very few and rare in the period covered by the research and the subject dealt with the knowledge of two periods Tari The State of the Abbasid State, as well as the Abbasid state because the political aspirations represented by Imam Jaafar Sadiq peace be upon them the two countries together, so the sources used by the researcher, thank God, are available mostly in libraries and in electronic libraries. The nature of the research was divided into an introduction, Chapters .. Part of the prelude to the first .. The House in the Koran and Sunnah .. Second .. The concept of Imamah in the minds of the people of the House peace be upon them until the end of the first century AH The researcher to provide a detailed explanation of the people of the house in the Koran and Sunnah as well as the role and role during The first century AH As for the first chapter, he was carrying the title of the people of the house and political issues during the Umayyad and Abbasid states and divided into three sections. We spoke in the first section about the position of the people of the house, peace be upon them, from the revolution that was done by their name, and it dealt with the revolutions that took place in the Umayyad and Abbasid periods, Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) and how they dealt with those who carried them out. In the second topic, the title of the top revolutions in the Abbasid period and the position of the people of the house were discussed, and we referred to the names of the upper revolutions and to the people who suffered the harm and spread their swords against the two Umayyad and Abbasid states As well as how they managed to bring the Ansar and what is the position of the Imam peace be upon them, the third topic was entitled : the new state and the position of the House of the peace be upon them, where we discussed the meeting of the vacuum and how the Abbasids managed to take the dispute and how the dispute between the branch Hasani and Abbasi The naming of the Khalifa and the roles of the people of the House peace be upon them in the Abbasid state and how they managed to live among the Abbasites. The second chapter included the title of the nations of the House of Peace be upon them to stand in front of political issues and divided into two sections was the first topic bears the title : the introduction of the owners of peace be upon them in the institutions of the state has addressed the researcher to the owners of the imams who were working within the Abbasid state and how they managed to support their weak brothers In order to live in the state, knowing that they were unable to science within their institutions sometimes by the guidance of the faith and the other because they do not want to work with power, but in the second section was entitled : Islamic schools founded by the people of the House peace be upon them Which was founded by Imam Jafar Sadiq peace be upon him and the numbers who were agreed under his hand and how this school was able to spread the science of the people of the House peace be upon him and the teacher Imam Musa Kadhim peace be upon him and how he managed to face the state of this science that he gave to his students and how this school moved forward Ali Al - Redha peace be upon him and how he managed through these sciences to expand at the expense of power as it became the state of the era of Al - Ma'moun Abbasid. The third chapter dealt with the title of the types of political response to the families of the House of peace be upon them divided into three topics dealt with the first topic Title : The second topic was : rejection in the manner of governance and purity of purity, and the researcher touched upon the origin of al - Taqiyya as the system that followed it. Most of the people of the house, peace be upon them, and they did it because they are not allowed to do the face of the state. As for the third topic : preparing the people for the next and the announcement of the leaders of the community was speaking by searching for the origin of the Imam, which runs according to the genetic system, which is prescribed by God Almighty and how they enemy leaders of the community working with them so that they can face the oppressors and so to spread the justice that characterized him Ahl al - Bayt peace be upon them. The letter was followed by his conclusion, in which he addressed the researcher to the most prominent findings reached through the subject of this research, and then a list of sources and references. The sources of the Islamic jurisprudence : These sources are the main basis on which the research was based on the matters of Imamah and beliefs of the people of the House peace be upon them, provided these sources valuable information and including the (Imamah and vision) Ibn al - Mufaydah al - Qumayyat, 329 AH, and 'Usool al - Kafi', 348 AH, and Sheikh al - Mufid 's writings.The sources of the Islamic jurisprudence : These sources are the main basis on which the research was based on the matters of Imamah and beliefs of the people of the House peace be upon them, provided these sources valuable information and including (Imamah and vision) Ibn Qabayyat Ibn al - Qayyim 329 Hijri and (Osool al - Kafi) for the Caliphs 348 AH, and the writings of Sheikh Mufid (disclosure in Imamah, correct belief, beliefs) (Shiites means) free world 1104 AH. 2) Books Tafseer and Hadith : These sources helped to highlight the thought of the people of the House peace be upon them through the Koran and the Hadith of the Prophet, peace be upon him and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) Al - Hasakani, 490 AH (Bayan Complex in the interpretation of the Koran) Tabarsi of the sixth century AH. As for the books of Hadith and Sanctuary, it has brought with it many evidence and evidence on the rehabilitation of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and the people of the House (peace be upon them) to lead the nation with the text on its front and from (Saheeh Al - Bukhari) Al - Bukhari, 256 AH (Musnad Imam Ali) Qabbanji (Encyclopedia of the Ghadir) Amini (Encyclopedia Imam Sadiq peace be upon him) Caspian. 3) Books of classes and translations : These books represent a great value for the mystery of information and accuracy and from the oldest of these books (the major classes) of Ibn Saad 230 230 Hijri, which provided information about companions and followers, either books translations, most famous (the laparism) Balzadr 279 Hijra (fighter students)Abu Farj Al asfahani is on a distinguished road. 4) General History Books : These sources were distinguished by valuable information that the researcher was able to identify the most prominent events and at all levels and the most famous of them (the front and politics) Ibn Qatayh al - Dinuri 276 AH (long news) Abu Hanifah al - Dinuri 282 AH (date Yaqoubi) Yacoubi 292 Hijri (The History of the Apostles and Kings), the History of the Apostles and Kings (Tabari, 310 AH), Ibn al - 'Atham al - Kufi, 314 AH (gold lawns and minerals of substance, proof of the commandment) Masoudi 346 AH (regular in the history of kings and nations) The ether is 630 AH. 5) Literary sources : No less important than the above mentioned sources because of the information contained in various aspects of the lives of orphans : Among them (pros and cons) Baihaqi 470 AH (approach to the rhetoric) Ibn Abi Al Hadid 656 Hijri.The sources of the Islamic sources can not be overlooked because they contain extensive information that is important in all aspects of research in its broad sense, including Imam Ali, the voice of justice and humanity, George Gurdak, the sheikh and the parish, Ben Ali (Akkad) Imam Jafar Sadiq (Soldier) Imam Sadiq and the four sects) Asad Haider (Gharib Tos) d. Hassan Haj Hassan (Imam Musa Kadhim) KameSuleiman.Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research .. University of Karbala .. Faculty of Education for Human Sciences .. History section .... (political leadership in the minds of the people of the House peace be upon them from 114 AH to 203 H .A letter submitted by the Master student to the Council of the Faculty of Education for Human Sciences. University of Karbala, which is part of the requirements for obtaining a master's degree in Islamic history .. Supervisors Professor Dr. Ammar Mohammed Younis Saadi .A letter submitted by the student Abbas Ali Hussein to the Council of the Faculty of Education for Human Sciences. University of Karbala, which is part of the requirements to obtain a master's degree in Islamic history .. Supervisors Professor Dr. Ammar Mohammed Younis Saadi .

القبائل العربية في الكوفة وخططها : دراسة في كتاب خطط الكوفة لماسينيون (1883م - 1962م) == Arab tribes in Kufa and their plans Study in the book of Kufa plans for Massignon(1883 - 1962)

Author name: الاء جاسم محمد صافي
Supervisor name: انتصار لطيف حسن السبتي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

الدور الاسرائيلي في الحرب الاهلية اللبنانية 1975 - 1983 == The Israeli role in the Lebanese civil war (1975 - 1983)

Author name: علاء غني عطب الكرعاوي
Supervisor name: حاتم راهي ناصر الزوبعي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Lebanon Is One Of The Arab Countries That Received The Attention Of Researchers And Historians Who Dealt With The Situation And The Events It Experienced, Especially The Lebanese Civil War, Which Broke Out In 1975 Due To Various Political, Economic And Social Factors Exploited By Some Regional Neighbors To Incite Sectarian Strife Through Its Interference In Lebanon's Internal Affairs. ) One Of Those Countries That Worked To Tear The Lebanese Society By Employing It For Religious And Sectarian Diversity And Exploiting It To Expand At The Expense Of Lebanon's Independence And The Unity Of Its People And Territories Because The Zionists Took A Truce In 1949 As An Excuse And Pretext For Interference In Internal Affairs Lebanon, And The Creation Of Internal Conflicts, Because Lebanon Is Linked To Direct And Long Borders With The Zionist Entity Extends About 79 Km, Tried To Exploit The Zionists In The Bridges Of The Relationship With Some Parties And The Lebanese Sectarian Conflict And Employment To Serve The Zionist Expansionist Strategy Based On Feeding And Continuation Of This War And Thus The Liquidation Of Some Of Its Anti - Of The Zionist Presence In Palestine As The (Israel) Has Become An Important Port And Active In The Civil War. Therefore, The Researcher's Choice Of The Subject (The Position Of The Zionist Entity From The Lebanese Civil War 1975 - 1983) As The Title Of His Message And An Attempt To Reveal The Role Of The Zionists In That War, Because To Our Knowledge That This Subject Did Not Study Academic Academic Study Reveal The Size Of Military Aid, To Some Of The Parties To The War, Especially The Christian Militias, At A Time When The Lebanese Government Stands The Position Of The Weak And Weak On Those Interventions So That They Are Unable To Confront Them Until The Situation Sometimes Led To Some Militias To Fight On Behalf Of The Zionists On Lebanese Territory Yeh. The Researcher Relied On Chronological And Descriptive Historical Analysis Of The Events That Took Place In Lebanon During The 1975 - 83 Civil War, Which Broke Out Following The Events Of Ain Rumaneh. The First Topic Dealt With The Impact Of The Zionist Entity On The Political Reality Of Lebanon From 1947 To 1967, While The Second Topic Dealt With The Arab - Zionist Conflict And Its Impact On Lebanon 1967 - The Third Topic Focused On The Lebanese Zionist Relations And Their Influence On Some Arab Issues Until 1975, Including The Palestinian Issue And The October War Of 1973. The Second Chapter Dealt With The Repercussions Of The Civil War On The Zionist Political Reality. The First Section Revealed The Procedures Followed By The Zionist Entity Beginning The Civil War In 1975 - 1976. The Second Study Dealt With The Study Of The Christian Zionist Relations In Lebanon 1976 - 1978. Operation Litani In Southern Lebanon In 1978 By Knowing The Reasons For The Invasion And The Zionist Military Operations That Got The Impact Of That Process.While The Third Chapter To Reveal The Truth Of Direct Zionist Intervention In Lebanon In 1982 Included The Other Three Topics Dealt With The First Phase Stages Of The Development Of Christian - Christian Relations 1978 - 1981, The Second Section Has Revealed The Operation Carried Out By The Zionist Entity (Operation Peace Galilee) In 1982 Explaining The Position Of The Zionist People From The Decision Of The Invasion, And The Position Of The Zionist Parliament (The Knesset) Of The Invasion, The Third Topic Dealt With The Intersection Of US Attitudes Towards The Zionist Political Outcomes Of The Lebanese Crisis. The Fourth Chapter Devoted His Attention To Studying The Direct Zionist Role In The Most Prominent Lebanese Issues Until 1983. The First Topic Dealt With The Events Of The Sabra And Shatila Camps. The Second Topic Dealt With The Agreement Of May 17, 1983 And The Zionist Withdrawal From Lebanon. The Third Topic Explained The Political, The Lebanese Reality

تطور التعليم في لواء الديوانية - 8591 8591 : دراسة تاريخية

Author name: حميد نعيم هادي حسين النبهاني
Supervisor name: عدي حاتم عبد الزهرة المفرجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

مرويات الصحابة في كتاب سنن البيهقي : دراسة في الاحوال الاجتماعية والاقتصادية

Author name: فرات عبد الرضا جواد معله
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The Islamic legislation has two main resources : the Holy Quran and the prophet instructions ( Sunneh). These instructions means what is said or done or accepted by the prophet. Thus, the forerunner Muslims or the prophet's companion took much care of what the prophet did. Some were writing down what they were hearing in their meeting with the prophet. So, recording at the beginning was an attempt to collect the aural sayings; it had no title and no subject unity. Therefore, the prophet's companions' recordings were called the companions' writings. Al Hedeith writing was started in Al Medinah Al Munewarah for it was Islamic State center and homeland of the prophet and his companions; that's why these writings took the narrative Hijazi style. It was characterized by taking care with prophet's Hedeith and attaching the biography with it. That's why the prophet's Hedeith moved side by side with the history for a long duration. One can hardly find a saying in biography without the prophet's Hedeith especially during Al Medinah stage. That was simply because of state building and society planning as well as economic management. However, the researcher finds difficulty to separate them when talking about the sayings. If he mentioned the companions' sayings, his pen unintentionally writes about the prophet's Hedeith. It is a necessity one cannot avoid. But recording was stopped during Omar Bin Al Khettab era. The Islamic state formally did not adopt a decision for writing till the era of Umayyad Omar Bin Abdul Aziz ( 99 H. - 101 H. / 717 - 719 A. D. ) when he saw a necessity for recording. From that date , the scholars worked hard for writing, and from that time Al Hedeith and the prophet's biography were separated to be the core modern science, that because it is an independent science with its own bases and origins. Some persons were great with a high level of philology of this science. Among those scholars was Al Beiheki. His book Al Sunen Al Kubrah was comprehensive for all the prophet's Hedeith in addition to a large number of the prophet's companions' narratives in all fields political, social, economic, and creedal. Thus, he decided to tackle the social and economic sides of the companions' narratives through Al Sunen Al Kubrah book. So, the current thesis was entitled (the companions' narratives in Al Sunen Al Beiheki : A study in the Social and Economic States. Our study procedures implemented collected the companions' narratives of the economic and social impressions. It has two sections. The first is devoted in the social narratives; it is in turn, was divided into three sections. The first dealt with marriage and family system, while the second was about social complementarity in Islam, and the third discussed fashion and general cleanliness. Second chapter mentioned the economic companions' narratives, it has two sections. The first was about the financial resources of the Islamic state. It collected narratives relate to the state incomes such as almsgiving fifth, tribute, booty, war profiteer and Faiy'a the second section mentioned the economic activities that the companions' narratives wrote about. This included the agricultural activity, crafts, industries, and commerce activity. It is worthy to mention that the study preface stated Al Beiheki biography.

الانفاق العسكري في صدر الاسلام واثره في التنمية الاقتصادية حتى عام 41هـ == Military Spending in the Early Islamic period and its Impact on Economic Development Until 41 H

Author name: حسن محمد هادي الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: زمان عبيد وناس
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The study entitled “Military Spending in the Early Islamic Period and its Impact on Economic Development Until 41 H.” has been divided into three chapters, in addition to the introduction, prologue, conclusion, appendixes, and the list of references consulted in thestudy. Chapter one tackles military spending in the Holy Quran and Hadith books. This chapter includes two sections; the first deals with the features of the image of spending in the Holy Quran, which is an important approach that springs from the nature of the study to clarify military spending in the Holy Quran. Thus, the section sheds light on the concept of spending and its divisions, the Quranic vision to it, the Quranic stylistic methods of encouraging it, and the conditions required for the spending to be sound. All this is treated in the light of the Quranic text and books of Quranic interpretation.Section two has been dedicated for the study of these concepts in the books of Hadith. So we have tried to comment on the sayings claimed to belong to Prophet Muhammed (P.B.U.H.) which are related to authority and its men. In those sayings there is an attempt to obscure the features of the peculiar image of spending drawn by the Holy Quran for Muslims for every time and place. Chapter two is dedicated for investigating military spending until the year 41 H.\ A.D. 661. The chapter is divided into two sections; the first section deals with forms of military spending during the early Islamic Period depending on what modern economists have regarded as forms of military spending in the course of their discussion of immediate military spending. The researcher has found a noteworthy similarity between immediate forms of spending and their counterparts in the past. Section two has been dedicated for the study of military spending in the thought of political authority starting from the thought of Prophet Muhammed (P.B.U.H.) ending with the thought of Imam Hassan (P.B.U.H.), these two being the Alpha and the Omega of the six governments that ruled that era and the factors behind the disparity in military spending between a government and another, this was followed by the prophet’s act regarding some cases he faced related to spending.In chapter three, the impact of military spending on development until the year 41 H.\A.D. 661 has been outlined. The chapter id divided into two sections : Section one studies the concept of economic The term “development” has been linguistically and terminologically defined. It has been stated that the term “development” is a modern term that is close to another term that had often been used in Islamic resources, we have also referred to unique developmental thought of Prophet Muhammed (P.B.U.H.)since the early beginning of forming the State of Islam in year 1 H.\ A.D. 622.The position of military force in economic activity has been discussed, it has often been tackled by historians from three sides : The agricultural, the industrial, and the commercial. This is followed by a discussion of the nature of the relation between military spending and economic development between the phases of defense and attack against the enemies of the State. While section two is dedicated to the study of the positive and negative impacts of military spending and the factors that lead to positive or negative marks on the phenomenon of military spending. From all this, certain conclusions have been arrived at which were summed up in the conclusion; including recommendations for the people of the Ministry of Defense.

الاوضاع السياسية في كينيا حتى عام 1963 == The Political Situation In Kenya Until 1963

Author name: فائزة شاكر هاشم الياسري
Supervisor name: حسين جبار شكر البياتي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: Kenya's political conditions experienced in the relavant period a lot of updates and changes with the search. It didn't begin with aspecific date , but the beginning was from statements and the arrival of colonial powers to the East of African cast. And contributed directly or indirectly in the country's political history , regardless of Whether this negatively or positively and became Kenya and other country East African Harbor. Colonial rivalry between majar powers , this rivalry peaked in the 19th century. However , sharing between thes countries in accordance with the treaties and agreements among themselves to determine the spheres. Of influence and most of these convention and treaties are Treaty of Heligoland became a British protectorate as Kenya under British protection. Announced that state in 1895 to start a new phase in its history. In this period became manged by the British Government in 1905 with the transfer of responsibility to the ministry of colonies arrived in Kenya during this period msny Euro peans , especially the British backed them for settlingand turn it into a colony of whit man began to Kenya in the early 20th century and Overtime these became dominate everything in the country and in particular the political military and administration centres to be salient. Charactevistics in the countryوs political history is the conflict between Europeans and Indians. The Indians has also from foreign elements who came to Kenya with large community and they make up a hub between Europeans and Africans demands was proclaimed by Africans as fair representation in the legislature and his equality with others with respect to land which counted Europeans belong to them and wouldn't let them presence.All these factors contributed to fuelling revolt by Africans in the 1952 until the Government paid to the Declaration of a state emergency in the country. Which lasted until 1960 , despite military revolution failed because the proportion between armanent and military power between the rebels and Government forces pushed the British Government to carry out a new phase called the stage of constitutional reforms which began since 1954 and continued to develop until the countryوs independence in 1963
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شارل الاول ودوره السياسي في انكلترا حتى عام 1649م == Charles The First And His Political Role In England Until 1649

Author name: حسين علي كاظم السلطاني
Supervisor name: نعيم عبد جودة
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Summary:
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جعفر محمد نميري ودوره السياسي في السودان حتى عام 2009م == Jaafar Mohammed Numeiri And His Political Role In Sudan Until 2009

Author name: دعاء محمد عبد علي الهر
Supervisor name: حسين جبار شكر البياتي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The ruling era of Field Marshal Jaafar Mohammed Nimeiri in Sudan, which lasted sixteen years (1969 - 1985), has left a deep impact in the hearts of the Sudanese people, which was characterized by variables have taken place in the political arena imposed on Nimeiri changed his political leanings, including Hashem Atta coup in 1971, which distanced him from its beginnings of communism, then Nimeiri turned towards the United States of America and capitalism, and finally adopted the Islamic Sharia law and its application in wrong was the tragic consequences of the Sudanese people, it has sowed Nimeiri chaos in Sudan, its policies indiscriminate and unwise, and which were not derived from people with experience, lived up to The Sudan and its people, the result was not in favorof Nimeiri, who surrounded himself with people who were close to his eye, which falsifies his case of the Sudanese people and convey a different picture of what is experienced by the people and which was the cause of the reasons for the vengeance of the people on its leader and deposed in an uprising in 1985.
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