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اثر انموذج زاهوريك البنائي في تنمية التفكير التحليلي لدى طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة مبادئ الاخراج == Zahorik's Constructive Model Effect on Developing Analytical Thinking for the Department of Art Education Students in Principles of Directing

Author name: الاء حسين هادي

Supervisor name: قبس ابراهيم محمد

General topic: Fine Arts

Specific topic: Art Education

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

دراسة الخواص التركيبية والكهربائية لمركبات فائقة التوصيل اساسها البزموث Bi والمستبدلة جزئيا باوكسيد الرصاص الثنائي والرباعي Pb3O4 == Study of the structural and electrical properties of superconducting compounds based on bismuth (Bi) and their substitution with lead tetroxide (Pb₃O₄

Author name: ازهار مظهر هاشم

Supervisor name: حيدر محمد جواد حيدر

General topic: Physics

Specific topic: Physics

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Physics Department

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

واقع الرموز الاسلامية في نتاجات طلبة كلية الفنون الجميلة في مادة الكرافيك

Author name: زهراء فلاح عبد المنعم

Supervisor name: عبد الكريم عبد الحسين الدباج

General topic: Fine Arts

Specific topic: Drawing

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

تقنيات السايكودراما في النص المسرحي العربي المعاصر

Author name: زهراء نعمان صادق الكويتي

Supervisor name: عامر محمد حسين

General topic: Fine Arts

Specific topic: Theatrical Arts

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

التحليل المكاني للوفيات المسجلة في محافظة كربلاء

Author name: رسل مسلم رزاق الكرعاوي

Supervisor name: جواد كاظم الحسناوي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Demographics

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

اثر استراتيجية تعليم الاقران على تحصيل طالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة في مادة المنظور

Author name: نور شاكر محمود الزيدي

Supervisor name: حازم سلطان احمد البكري

General topic: Educational Sciences

Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Art Education

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

سمات الابداع في نتاجات تدريسيي مادة التكوين الخطي == Creativity Attributes in the Products of Calligraphic Configuration Teachers

Author name: تحسين باقر كاظم الملالي

Supervisor name: احمد عبيد كاظم الغزالي

General topic: Educational Sciences

Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Art Education

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

تقييم برنامج التربية الفنية وفقا لمعايير الجمعية الوطنية للتربية الفنية (NAEA) == Evaluating the art education program according to the standards of the National Association for Art Education (NAEA)

Author name: غصون كاظم عبد الزهرة النائلي

Supervisor name: علي حمود عبد الحسين تويج

General topic: Educational Sciences

Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Art Education

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

النصب الفنية العراقية بعد عام 2003 واقعها ونظمها التربوية == The Iraqi Artistic Monuments after 2003 Their reality and Educational Systems

Author name: نور مجبل عزيز

Supervisor name: صبا قيس عبد الحسين الياسري

General topic: Fine Arts

Specific topic: Sculpture

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

اثر تقنية الهولوكرام على تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مقرر التشريح == he Effect of Hologram Technique In Teaching Anatomy For Students In Art Education The Department

Author name: زهراء حسين عليوي

Supervisor name: عماد حمود عبد الحسين

General topic: Fine Arts

Specific topic: Art Education

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Art Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

تحضير وتقييم راتنج اليوريا فورملديهايد وعيناته المحورة بكونها لواصق لسطوح خشب - خشب

Author name: هدى صباح حسن الخزعلي

Supervisor name: جواد كاظم الخفاجي

General topic: Chemistry

Specific topic: Chemistry

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

محمد حسين المحتصر ادبيا

Author name: دنيا عبد الله شاكر

Supervisor name: عدنان حسين العوادي

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

العشوائيات واثارها المكانية في مقاطعة الجاير في محافظة كربلاء == Iregular Houses and their Spatial Impact In Al- Chayer District in Kerbala Province

Author name: اسراء علي عبد عون مجيد

Supervisor name: عدي فاضل عبد الكعبي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Applied Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

المباحث البلاغية بين الطباطبائي والسبزواري == Rhetorical Topics between Al- Tabateba`iy and Al-Sabzawary

Author name: لؤي سمير مهدي الخالدي

Supervisor name: مشكور كاظم العوادي

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

البحث النحوي في شرح ديوان الحماسة للمرزوقي

Author name: شيرين كاظم ديري

Supervisor name: عبد الكاظم محسن الياسري | سعاد كريدي كنداوي

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

ظاهرة التفسير النحوي في القران الكريم : دراسة تطبيقية في السور المدنية == The Grammatical Explanation Phenomena in the Holy Qura`n Applied Study in the Maddeny Suras

Author name: منال محمد عبد داود كشكول

Supervisor name: سيروان عبد الزهرة هاشم الجنابي

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

الشعر العراقي في المنفى من سنة 1958 ـ 2003 : دراسة موضوعية فنية

Author name: هند ياسين طه الجزائري

Supervisor name: سعيد عدنان المحنة

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

العلويون واثرهم السياسي والاجتماعي والفكري في مصر حتى نهاية العصر الفاطمي == The Alawis And Their Political, Social And Intellectual Effect on Egypt Until The End of Thefatimid Era

Author name: نضال غالي يوسف الشافعي

Supervisor name: رياض حميد مجيد الجواري

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Summary:

References:

الخصائص الطبيعية في محافظة القادسية وعلاقتها المكانية في استغلال الموارد المائية المتاحة == The Natural Features In Qadissiya Government And Their Spatial Relationship With The Available Water Resources Exploitation

Author name: ابتسام عدنان رحمن الحميداوي

Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيد المرسلين واله الكرام المنتجبين وبعد، يعد الماء اساسا للحياة وموردا حيويا يرتكز علية انتاج الغذاء ويشكل اهم عناصر البيئة، كما انه يؤدي دوررائيسيا في التنمية الاقتصادية بجوانبها المختلفة، فالماء مصدر الحياة | Praise be God , lord of the worlds , and prayer and peace be upon the lord of messengers , Mohammad and his honorable. water is a main thing for life. it is a vital source on which food production is dependent. it represents the most important element of nature , and plays a main role in the economic development in its different aspects. water is the life source , and is the most precious element of nature , especially in the dry and semi - dry regions. map of water is almost computable with that of life. Due to the increasing importance area and intensity of agricultural lands are determined, any achievement of that will depend on how efficient we explain waters according to the modern scientific methods of irrigation. because of the limited and scarce water resources , its necessary to make use of what is available of them efficiently in order to reduce wasting , depending on the methods that achieve that.The study comprises six chapters , pervaded by a number of topics. the first chapter implied the theoretical framework which included the study problem , suppositions and importance , in addition to previous studies and scientific terms and concepts while the second chapter , represented in the natural features of the study area , it focuses on the detailed natural features such as those of location and geological and topographical status , in addition to the climatic features and features of sail and natural plant. the second chapter shed the light on the characteristics of the agricultural - irrigative in the governorate.As for the third chapter, it implied the geographical extensions of rivers' networks and irrigation streams in the governorate , and focuses on studying the development of Euphrates waterway as being a vital artery for the governorate lands while the second section focused on studying resources of its water be for entering the governorate.The fourth chapter studied ways and methods of irrigation and their systems in the study area through focusing on ways of water conveyance and irrigation in the first section. in the second section , we talked about organization of irrigation and drainage process , in addition to the water needs and control installations.The fifth chapter was entitled ( A geographical Evaluation of Rivers Network and Irrigation streams Efficiency in the governorate ). while the sixth chapter evaluated the geographical extensions of rivers' network and irrigation streams, besides, evaluating the methods and ways used in the irrigation and water waste in the second section of this chapter , we studied the increasing salt portions in the water and soil of the study area and analyzed them.Lastly , the study reached a number of conclusions and some recommendation that can be made use of to meet the aims the study tried to achieve in order to reduce the problems the watering - irrigative statue suffer from in Qadissiya governorate

واقع التركيب التعليمي في محافظة النجف الاشرف للمدة 1997 - 2013 واتجاهاته المستقبلية == The Educational Structure Reality In The Governorate Of Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf For 1997 - 2013 And Its Future Tendencies

Author name: هيلين محمد عبد الحسين البديري

Supervisor name: حسين جعاز ناصر الفتلاوي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Abstract: تبحث هذه الدراسة في واحدة من اهم خصائص السكان وهي الحالة التعليمية , وتاتي اهميتها من كونها احدى المؤشرات الرئيسية لمدى وعي المجتمع ونضوجه الفكري , ومدى ادراكه لاهمية التعليم , وقد تناولت الدراسة التطور الكمي والنوعي للتربية والتعليم وتوزيعه الجغرافي ومو | This study tackles one of the main characteristics of population in Al - Najaf governorate which is the educational state. Its importance lies in being one of the main indications of the awareness of the society and its intellectual maturity and understanding the importance of education. This study tackled the qualitative and quantitative development of education and its geographic distribution. lt started from literacy and ended with the higher education and the variables affecting the educational structure. lt adopted the factor statistical analysis within spss program and the field and planning methods through auditing, observation and collecting data and analyzing them. The main resselts that the study reached are : - An increase in the number of the students within a short period as a result of an increase in the number of teachers and a lack in the number of school buildings and the financial resources. - Through the field study for 2013, it has been revealed that the percentage of the students enrolling in the study was %63 for both males and females and those who did not constitute %37, but that does not that they are literates because the percentage of literacy was %27.9. therefore, the rest %9.1refers to the rest of the population who are under five years as well as those who completed high schools and those who graduated from colleges. - It has been revealed through the field study that the percentage of the students in schools increases according to the region; in the rural area it reached %23 and in the urban areas it reached %77 of the population. - The percentage of literacy in 1997 in the study area reached %24.3 then it decreased a year after the other until it reached %27.9 according to the study results for 2013 of the population aging 15 and more for both sexes. The least percentage of the urban areas reached %20.7 and the highest literacy percentage in the rural areas was %42.3. - Four variables were determined that affect the educational structure of the population in the study area within SPSS program. Together, these variables explained %84 of the total variation that were used in the program, of these variables is fertility, female education, family income and work opportunities according to the results of the field study for 2013.The main recommendations that were listed in the study were : - The necessity for making the elementary, intermediate and also kinder garten education to be obligatory to decrease the difference between the children who enroll in the pre - school education and those who do not. - The difference in the percentage of the enrolment of males and females of the ages within the adopted educational level should be decreased. - Increasing the attention to the needs of the school buildings in the districts of the study area which will lead eventually to separate the schools with double shifts.

شعر حميد فرج الله : دراسة تحليلية == Hameed Faraj Allah Poetry

Author name: حيدر هادي سلمان الاسدي

Supervisor name: عهود حسين جبر

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

علاقة الخصائص المناخية بزراعة المحاصيل الزراعية في محافظة النجف == The Relationship of the climatic characteristics withe Agricultural Grops on Najaf Governorate

Author name: هيفاء نوري عيسى العنكوشي

Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي | عبد الحسن مدفون ابو رحيل

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Agricultural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

دراســــة الفعالية التضادية لجرثومة Bifidobacterium spp تجاه جرثومة Staphylococcus aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين == Studying The Antagonistic Activity of Bacteria Bifidobacterium Spp Against Bacteria Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus

Author name: انغام نجاح هادي الخفاجي

Supervisor name: سهام جاسم الكعبي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة التحري عن الفعالية التضادية لجرثومة Bifidobacterium spp تجاه عزلات سريرية لجرثومة Staphylococcus aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين، ودراسة تاثير تلك المواد على عوامل الضراوة المنتجة من قبل S.aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين مثل الغشاء الحيوي Biofilm وا | This study included the investigation of Bifidobacterium spp antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolates, and the effect of these antimicrobial agent on virulence factors produce by MRSA (Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus) such as Biofilm and Slime layer. One handered different samples were collected to isolate Bifidobacterium spp and 50 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical specimens in AL - Najaf AL - Asharaf governorate during the period of (10/10/2013 - 20/1/2014) by the cultural characteristic colonies, microscopic for cells, biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction PCR technique to detect 16SrDNA, the results showed that 13 isolates belong to Bifidobacterium spp and there are divergent gene content between these isolates and they have been bearing lm26/ lm3 gene. Carbohydrate fermentation test was used to distinguish the species of Bifidobacterium, the results revealed that the B.bifidum is more predominant than the other species; B.thermoacidophilum, B.adolescentis, B.breve, B.longum. Antibiotics susceptibility test to Staphylococcus aureus using antibiotic disc diffusion assay showed that Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus formed 70% and 30% of isolates were sensitive to the same antibiotics, also the ability of MRSA isolates to produce Biofilm and Slime layer was investigated by tube method and Congo red agar, then 10 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were selected as efficient isolates according to the resistance of Methicillin and the high ability to produce biofilm and Slime layer. The antagonistic activity of Bifidobacterium spp was extracted and tested against these MRSA isolates, the results showed that the most isolates of Bifidobacterium spp were effective against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as the inhibition of growth and formation of Slime layer by using the wells and disc diffusion agar assay. The inhibition zone was between (10 - 30)mm, and the ability of bacteriocin production of Bifidobacterium spp against MRSA have been conducted by well diffusion broth method, B.bifidum3 was greater than other species in producing bacteriocin with asignificant increase (P<0.05). Furthermore the impact of bacteriocin production to inhibit the development and formation of biofilm was investigated, the results showed that the bacteriocin has ahigh activity against MRSA. The bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic effect of bacteriocin was conducted by using spectrophotometer, the results showed that these effects were bacteriostatic in the beginning of the growth MRSA while it was lethal during other time and 40 minutes is the period needed for killing MRSA bacteria.

دراسة وبائيــة وتشخيصيـة للانماط الوراثية لطفيلي Giardia lamblia المسبب للاسهال لدى المرضى في محافـــظة النجــــف الاشرف باستخدام تقنيـــة الـ PCR == Epidemiological And Diagnostic Study of The Giardia Lamblia Parasite Genotypes, Which Causes Diarrhea Among The Patients In Al - Najaf Al - Asharf, Province, By Using The Pcr Technique

Author name: وداد هاشم يحيـى ناصر المحنة

Supervisor name: جميل جري يوسف الحميداوي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Zoology

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في قسم علوم الحياة - كلية التربية للبنات - جامعة الكوفة للمدة من تموز 2011 ولغاية حزيران 2012 والتي تهدف الى دراسة وبائية طفيلي Giardia lamblia وتحديد الانماط الوراثية للطفيلي لدى المرضى المصابين بالاسهال في محافظة النجف الاشرف باستع | The Present study was carried out in the Department of Biology - College of Education for Girls - University of Kufa for the period from July 2011 until June 2012, it aims to study the prevalence of the Giardia lamblia parasite and identify genotypes of the parasite in patients with diarrhea in the province of Najaf by using the microscopic examination and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The results of microscopic examination of 3383 stool samples, 500 samples are infected by the G. lamblia parasite, with a total percentage of 14.8%. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences at the level of probability P ? 0.05 where the rate of infection in the liquid samples was higher than it is in semi - liquid samples, reaching 17.2% and 10.7% respectively. As the results show the incidence of the parasite in males are higher than it in females reached 16.8% and 11.1%, respectively, as well as the spread of infection with the parasite in the rural areas more than the urban area where the ratio was 19.6% and 9.1%, respectively, the results also show that the highest infection rate with the parasite was in the age group aged (1ess than year) and the lowest in the group aged (36 - 40) years, reaching 28.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The results also show that the highest percentage of parasite infection was in the September, 44%, while the lowest infection rate was in December, reaching 6.1%. The results of the current study show that the highest infection rate parasite was in patients in the hospital of Manathira which amounted to 16.5% and that the lower infection rate was among patients of the Medical Al - Sader city hospital, reaching 11.7%. The results of extracting (100) Stool Samples by microscopic examination for patients infected with G.lamblia showed the presence of the gentic material DNA of the G. lamblia parasite in (41) samples which constitute 41%, and results of the examination by PCR by using Triose phosphate isomerase (Tpi) Showed that there are signiinficant differences at the level of probability, p ? 0.05 percentage infection with the genotype (B) compared with the genotype (A), which were 61% and 39.1% respectively.The highest rate of infection with the genotype (B) in the semi - liquid samples was 69.3% compared to the liquid samples, which amounted to 67.9%, while the genotype (A) had the highest rate of infection in the liquid samples, which amounted to 32.2% while it was 30.8% in the semi - liquid samples.As the results showed that the percentage of infected male with the genotype (B) was more than it is in females, reaching 62.5% and 58.9%, respectively, and in type (A) the infection of females was higher than the infection males 41.2% and 37.5% respectively. As the results show the spread of genotype (B) in the urban area is more than the rural area, the percentage of infection is, 72.8% and 66.7% respectively, while type (A) was more prevalent in rural than in the urban, where the percentage of infection is 33.4% and 27.3% respectively.The results also showed that the highest incidence of the genotype (B) was in the age group (41 - 45), it reached 75% and the lowest percentage in the age group(1 - 5) (11 - 15) (26 - 30) (36 - 40) years, amounting to 50%, while genotype (A), the highest rate of infection, when age group (1 - 5)(11 - 15)(26 - 30)(36 - 40) years to approximately 50% and the lowest percentage of infection in the age group (41 - 45), was 25%.

عوامل الخطورة لطفرات الجينين CBS وMTHFR لقبل الارتعاج لدى النساء الحوامل في النجف == Risk Factors of CBS And MTHFR Gene Mutation For Preeclampsia In Pregnant Women In Al - Najaf

Author name: زهراء سامي رزاق النجار

Supervisor name: ظافرة جعفر عبد علي الفتلاوي | ماجد كاظم حسين

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Zoology

Degree: Master

University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Abstract: تعد الاصابة بقبل الارتعاجPre - eclampsia من الاعتلالات الخطيرة التي قد تظهر في الثلث الثالث من مدة الحمل اذ تتصف هذه الاصابة بارتفاع ضغط الدم وظهور بروتين الالبومين في الادرار. وقد ظلت اسباب نشوء هذه الحالة غير واضحة المعالم, اذ اعزيت بعض من اسبابها الى ا | Preeclampsia is considered as one of the serious complication in the third trimester of pregnancy. It is associated with hypertension and proteinuria. The causes of preeclamptic are still not well understood. Evidences suggested the involvement of metabolic related mutations in the disease. In the current study, the genetic mutations of CBS and MTHFR genes are studied as markers for the diagnosis of preeclampsia. Sixty preeclamptic pregnant women and forty healthy pregnant women as control group diagnosed by the physicians at Azzahra Teaching hospital for obstetrics &pediatrics in Najaf province from December 2012 to August 2013 The poly merase chain reactions technique was used to evaluate the incidence and frequency of C?S &MTHFR mutations. A questionnaire was conducted to obtain the information of the patients and the control group. Genetic mutation were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and agaros gel electrophoresis. The information indicated that the age of pregnant women, gestation age, previous history of the patients, family history and parity are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The results of the present study of preeclampsia showed a significant increase (P ? 0.01) in patients (25 - 34) years old when compared with the other group. where the results found a significant increase (P <0.01) of Preeclampsia occurred during (33 - 39) weeks of pregnancy. And in the patients with previous history for preeclampsia there was significant increase (P<0.001) compared with healthy pregnants. Pregnants with preeclampsia in the family history showed significant increase (P< 0.01) as for women pregnant for the first time showed and significant (P<0.01) and constituted 8% pregnanst with preeclampsia who had diabetes mellitus. The extraction and quantification of cell free fetal DNA (cff DNA) revealed a significant (P<0.0001)increase in preeclamptic patients when compared with those of healthy pregnant women. It is confirmed by the use of an internal negative control through the monitoring of SRY gene (Y chromosome gene) amplification that the gene belong to the infant and 40 pregnant woman were followed up till the labor. Thus, 9 of them had delivered males, while 30 had delivered females. The wild type SRY gene band was obtained clearly from those of male delivery, but not from those of female delivery. Mutations of C?S gene were analyzed by theuse a primer intended to amplify a fragment of171 bp.The rate of mutation was found to be 51.7% and 5% in preeclamptic patients and healthy pregnant women respectively and Odd Ratio=20.31, P value=10 - 7. The C677T mutation of MTHFR gene was verified by the use of a primer designed to amplify a fragment of 198bp. The prevalence of mutation was indicated to be 68.3% and 17.5% in the preeclamptic patients and healthy pregnant women respectively and Odd Ratio =10.17, Pvalue =6.2*10 - 7. Results demonstrated the wide involvement of C?S and MTHFR gene mutation in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, but they are no crucial for the development of the disease. In addition there are so many factors thatmay be involved in such development.