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تاثير اشعة الفا على التصاقية بعض انواع البكتريا == Study The Effect of The Alpha Ray On The Adhesion Some Type of Bacteria

Author name: فردوس غضبان كاظم

Supervisor name: زياد متعب الخزاعي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Bacteria

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية جمع 37 مسحة من المرضى المصابين باخماج العيون في مدينة الديوانية ومن كلا الجنسين حيث تضمنت الدراسة سيادة نوعين من المسببات البكتيرية لاصابات العيون ودراسة قابلية التصاق هذه البكتريا على العدسات اللاصقة وهي المكورات العنقوديـــــــــــ | The current study included (37) samples were collected from sicks of Eyes infection in Al - Diwaniya city from two kinds that the study included two type dominant of Bacteria causes for Eyes infection and study this Bacteria adhesion ability on the Lenses, that the Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as the impact of exposure to (Radiology Alpha and Gamma rays) on adhesion ability, As well as the search included the application of a mathematical model to adhesion formula. The current study results are showed the Staphylococcus aureus for percent (45.94)% and then the Pseudomonas aeruginosa for percent (32.43)%. The results were obtained being clear impact of irradiation on Bacteria adhesion ability to Lenses. The results were obtained the higher level adhesion reaching its, the Staphylococcus aureus in the natural case to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×292) that in three hours whereas the Alpha ray exposure more than adhesion level that range six hours to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×302) and when the Gamma ray exposure the higher adhesion level reaching that range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×233) during exposure period that reach to four and half hour. About the Pseudomonas aeruginosa the adhesion higher level in the natural case to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×204) during two hours and half hour whereas when exposure its, to Alpha ray that reaching to higher level adhesion range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×298) during six hours as well as when exposure to Gamma ray the higher level adhesion reaching range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×250) during four and half hour. Application the mathematical adhesion sample, the result obtained that the disengagement coefficient, the valuable impact its, so that the valuable increased as well as temporal to be late in approach stage of zero who mathematically certain the lenses importance that the important dangerous effective for Eye infection distribution. As well as the results were certain the Alpha and Gamma rays were irradiation, that have impact of where decreasing the adhesion bacteria numbers for lenses, that decreasing from Eyes infection

Author name: فرقد حيدر عبد النبي المحنة

Supervisor name: ازهار عبد الامير سوسة

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Plant

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

دراسة جرثومتي السالمونيلا والشيكلا المعزولة من حالات سريرية في مدينة الديوانية وتاثيرهما على معايير دم المرضى

Author name: هبة اركان فنطيل الحسناوي

Supervisor name: علي عبد رحيم الناشي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: Salmonella is a bacteria and Shigella types of intestinal bacteria, and because of the seriousness of the pathogenicity and the spread of infection in their environment has been conducting this study.Collected during the current study, 462 different clinical sample (feces and urine) of adults aged 20 years and older and those with symptoms of the bacteria Salmonella and Shigella and both sexes reviewers for laboratories and hospitals in the city of Diwaniya, for the period from 2012 \ 11 \ 6 to 2013 \ 5 \ 26. Diagnosed isolates based on phenotypic traits and AGRO tests biochemical in addition to diagnosis by Api20E system as isolates Salmonella reached 17 isolation and by 3.6% and were all belonging to the type S.typhi, either isolates bacteria Shigella was three isolates and 0.64%, and all of them belong to the type of Sh. Flexneri. The incidence of bacteria S.typhi for the male sex was higher than in females, Ozbulg number of infected males and 10 by 58.8%, while the number Fayalnads was infected 7 and by 41.1%, but for bacteria to Sh. flexneri, as was the incidence in males is also higher than in females as in males reached 2 and by 66.6%, while the number of infected females in bringing only one injury and 33.3%. Were more age groups injury is a class 20 - 29 where recorded 9 injuries and by 52.9% and the number of infected males 6 The number of cases in females 3 injuries, age group 30 - 39 recorded 5 injuries and by 29.4 and were two goals in the male and three injuries in females, the age category 40 - 49sgelt two goals by 11.9% and the injury was confined to males either category above 50 years and one injury recorded only in females and 5.8%, either in bacteria Sh. flexneri was the only injury in the 20 - 29 age group and by three injuries. The more isolated the proportion of bacteria S.typhi in the month of May and April as recorded 4 isolates each, and by 23.5%, while giving the lowest ratio for the presence of bacterial during the months of December and January, as recorded isolation and one each of these two months and 5.8% either November remaining months February, March was the number of isolates in 3, 2, 2, respectively, and 15%, 17.6%, 11.7, 11.7%, respectively, as well, either for the bacteria Sh. flexneri as Bulgtaaly proportion of injury in the month of May was the number of isolates 2 and by 66.6% during the month of April either recorded a hit single Vqtobnsph 33.3% did not notice any injury to the other months of the study. Tested the sensitivity of the isolates S.typhi and Sh.flexneri direction antibiotics used as 8 used antibiotics in common use in this study show that the bacteria were sensitive S.typhi 100% Anti Ciprofloxacin, but resisted antibiotics Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Nalidixicacid, Gentamicin, Ceftriaxone at a rate of 82.3%, 82.3%, 76.4%, 70.5%, 64.7%, 23.5%, 23.5% respectively. The bacteria Sh.flexneri was 100% sensitive to antibiotics Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Nalidixic acid, Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone while it was resistant to antibiotics Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin by 66.6% each. Been investigating some of the virulence of the bacteria S.typhi factors, including the presence of the portfolio Capsule as were all Salmonella isolates characterized by possessing the portfolio, while the production of the enzyme protease Protase was all isolates S.typhi producing this enzyme also showed 12 isolation of the ability to produce the enzyme Lipase and increased by 70.5%, but all isolates were S.typhi unproductive enzyme protease. The bacteria Sh.flexneri marked by Azltan of three Azladtha and by (% 66.6) viability link red dye Congo also showed 2 of these isolates and by (66.6) ability to form thin membrane (Pellicle) and two Aezzltan which have demonstrated susceptibility to adhesion was isolated one of them only possess cilia first pattern type 1. The research covered also study the changes that occur in some of the blood parameters in people infected with the bacterium Salmonella Heclauzar that there is a decrease in the total number of red blood cells Red blood cells in people infected with Salmonella, where the total number of blood cells Reds reached 4.91 x 106 c \ ml total number of cells rate 3.7 white blood x 103c \ ml the proportion of types of white blood cells of the total number of cells, the white was lymphocyte ratio lymphocytes% 52.55 which is low compared with the normal number, while there was an increase in both acidophilus cells Eosinophils and only Monocyte as she was represented 1.2%, 2.9% in November while it was% 0.03 Basophils cells, the highest percentage of increase in healthy people, and the amount of total hemoglobin rate. Hemoglobin9.07 g \ dl which is low compared with healthy peopleBut in people infected with bacteria Sh. Flexner, bringing the average number of red blood cells 106 c \ ml3.7 x, the lowest rate with the number of healthy people, as the amount of hemoglobin g \ dl13.5 rate, either the total number of white blood cells, the rate was slightly higher than what is found in healthy people Azbulg (11.32 x 103c \ ml), it was noted that most of the increase was high in the white blood cells of the type Neutrophils the increase amounted to 62.34%

التشخيص الجزيئي للفطر المحاري Pleuroutus ostreatus وفاعلية بعض المخلفات الصناعية في انتاجه وقابليته الخزنية == Molecular Diagnosis of The Oyster Mushroom Pleuroutus Ostreatus And Effectiveness of Some Industrial Waste In Its Production And Its Ability Storage

Author name: سولاف حامد تيموز

Supervisor name: عبد الامير سمير سعدون

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة انتاج الفطر المحاري ostreatus Pleuroutus باستعمال اوساط زرعية محضرة من مخلفات صناعة محلية وما لها من اهميه من الناحية الاقتصادية كونه يعد عنصرا غذائيا مهما يحل محل البروتين الحيواني المتمثل باللحوم، وما لهذا الفطر من اهمية طبية وعلاجية ا | This study included the production of mushroom oyster Pleuroutus ostreatus by using agricultural media prepared from local industry and which has importance in the economic district it's consider important nutrition element instead of animal protein representive by meat. this fungus has importance of medical and therapeutic, the results showed existence of chemical substances concentrated in the fruiting bodies such as Galic acid and Statin and other substances. that have had an active role in reducing cholesterol in the blood as well as break the clot blood through the presence of certain types of enzymes that break down blood clotting, which may occur, the results showed when studying the mushrooms from the genetic diagnosis molecularly using the technique of the PCR to determine the type of isolation that gives the production of economically significant. Results showed the presence of gene hereditary called Osteareolysin who works with several aspects of the mushrooms which give the recipe contrast pathogenic fungi plant also this study included re - using some of the remnants of plant starch corn husks and Al - gluten and corn embryos. the remnants of Maysan sugar Factory of material Molasses and Molass Baggaz and the study of their role as carrying materials, central ferment and growth of the oyster mushroom during agricultural it on these remnants. The results of the chemical analysis of the remnants of the sugar indestrey in Maysan Molasses and Baggaz and waste plant starch in Al - hashemeyeh / Babylon Al - Baggaz and yellow corn straw showed that molasses substance was contain the amount of sugars which sometimes reach to 41%, that making it as a good base of food to mushroom. When added molasses at different levels 2, 4, 6% to the central media the study showed a positive relationship between the levels of molasses and the radial growth of the oyster mushroom. The concentrations 25, 50, 100% of the leaky innate showed ability Tdhadah high - fungal plant pathogen (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, Stymphllium sp., Penicillium sp.) Antigonsim when studying the negative ability of the fungus. The results showed a significant increasing in the growth standards and gaining characteristics of the oyster mushroom in the mass production of fruiting bodies called the gaining total according to the wet weight and it was higher production on corn husks and pomace dates 761.89, 735.13 g /kg of media and concentration of molasses 6%. when measuring efficiency of the fungus to product the largest amount of fruiting bodies observed that the middle pea - corn husks and pomace dates gave a larger amount of the remaining media and a concentration of 6% 76.18, 73.51%, have been affected by the weights of pods fungal change is another factor which affected by rates of molasses. The results were closely between nutrition media but nevertheless observed superiority of Corn husks and Pomace dates on the rest of media (15.04, 13.77)by using 6% concentration of molasses. when calculate the lengths of the necks of the body fruiting because of the great importance in a statement recipes - gaining produced and influenced by user medai - aligned and concentrations of molasses, as there were differences moral at all concentrations of molasses, when calculating the percentage of dry matter increased significantly increase the concentration of molasses and all concentrations compared with a comparison of strew wheat, which amounted to 12.16% when adding 2% molasses observed the emergence of highly significant differences between treatments and compared with control treatment, which gave treatment of Pomace dates highest rates, followed by corn husks and corn embryo and Al - gluten and Baggaz 8.21, 9.00, 9.28, 9.29%, respectively. For the purpose of obtaining material efficient in maintaining the objects fruiting intact throughout the storage period tested preservatives (such as Sorbic acid and black pepper) and concentrations 40.20g / l of articles in a row leads to prolong longevity reservoir simulation of the objects fruiting and maintain the quality characteristics of the objects fruiting. The results showed that the addition of material to the feeder molass medai AGRO of oyster mushroom had been increased the proportion of protein in the fruiting bodies, either with respect to calculate the proportion of carbohydrates had been found that the percentage of carbohydrates are associated with a high positive correlation relationship between the concentration of molasses and the different transactions that were used in the experiment. The oils were represented less than what can be had reached attribute to 0%. Well conducted safety checks the health of the mushroom oyster and the results were that the fungus free of toxins by anatomy organic to members liver, kidney and intestines and by the standards of blood physiological mice tested. And the importance of this project calculated the economic viability and profits and revenue obtained from such a project.

تطبيق بعض طرق حفظ الحشرات على حشرة المن == Applicating of Some Methods of Maintainance On Aphids

Author name: ضياء عباس عبد الرضا الزيادي

Supervisor name: عبد المحسن حسين مؤنس

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Life Science

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

دور بكتريا الزوائف. Pseudomonas spp في التحلل البايلوجي للمركبات الهيدروكاربونية والمقاومة الاحيائية == The Role of The Pseudomonas Spp In The Biodegradation of The Hydrocarbon Compounds And Biological Resistance

Author name: عقيل شنان عمران الميالي

Supervisor name: علي عبد رحيم الناشي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: شملت الدراسة جمع 60 عينة من مصادر بيئية مختلفة ضمت ترب ملوثة وغير ملوثة بالمركبات الهايدروكاربونية ومياه بزل في محافظة الديوانية ومن مصادر سريرية لمرضى اخماج المسالك البولية في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي, للمدة من 28 كانون الثاني2013 حتى 1 شباط 2014. هدفت | This study included collection of 60 samples from different environmental sources involved contaminated and non contaminated soils by hydrocarbon compounds and from drainage waters in Diwaniyah province and clinical sources in Diwaniyah teaching hospital, for the period from 28 January 2013 to 1 February 2014. This study aimed to isolation and identification the species of Pseudomonas and metabolic efficiency test in the analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon compounds and measure the effectiveness of antagonism in resistant pathogenic fungi to tomato plant. Thirty four isolates were identified, the Pseudomonas spp. was the highest frequency with 22 isolates. These isolates distributed to 16 isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 6 isolates of pseudomonas fluorescens. Also this study included isolation of two pathogenic fungi which were Alternaria alternate and Fusarium solani in tomato plant. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences at (p<0.05) between the bacterial isolates in their analysis of hydrocarbon compounds, when the optical density measurement as an indicator of the effectiveness of growth on hydrocarbon sources. All isolates showed different optical densities were highest isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infections as optical density amounting to 0.23nm. Also showed an increase in electrical conductivity values for all isolates within the incubation period, the highest value to the hospital (1) isolate with 12.8 mc/cm in the third week of the incubation, But decreased in the sixth week to 8.7 mc/cm and all isolates showed a good effectiveness of electrical conductivity in the third week and noted significant differences (p<0.05) in electrical conductivity values for isolates compared with control of 7.2 mc/cm. The results of the DNA electrophoresis of the all isolates contain the two genes (C23O and rhIB) which they code for the production of hydrocarbon - degrading enzymes. In Bio - antagonism experiments noted that all isolates were inhibitory to the growth of two pathogenic fungi and stimulating the growth of tomato plants in glass and field experiments through increase germination, vegetative ratio and root length and increased weights with significant difference at (p<0.05)with seed treatment with fungus only. The best isolates increased in germination were pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital isolate and pseudomonas fluorescens generating isolate which had stimulated germination rate to 76% with significant difference when compared with the control of Alternaria alternata and Fusarium solani which germination rate was 36 and 40 respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa which isolated from soil was more efficient in increasing the length of the stem, the stem height was 7.53 cm compared with the control treatment with F. solani, the stem height was 5.7 cm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital which led to an increase in the length of the total root to 3.66 cm compared with the control treatment with F.solani at 1.53 cm. The increase in fresh and dry weights of Total vegetative reached 0.64 gm and 0.065 gm respectively when the treatment of seed contaminated with F.solani fungus and pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital isolate compared to the control which the weights were 0.11 g and 0.011 gm respectively. The highest increase in fresh and dry weights of total root of 0.057 gm and 0.0072 gm respectively when treated seeds contaminated with the F. solani with P. fluorescens hydrocarbon contaminated soil isolate compared with control that the fresh and dry weights was 0.032 g and 0.0017 g respectively. The highest value of stem length registered when treating seed with A. alternata which was 7.5 cm when treating seed contaminated with A. alternata by P. fluorescens isolated from soil contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds. The lowest value of stem length was 7.3 cm for the treatment of seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa isolated from the drainage water compared with control treatment (seeds contaminated with A. alternata) which stem length was 6.33cm. As for the fresh and dry weight for total vegetation was the highest value of 0.8 gm and 0.793 gm respectively when the treatment of seeds contaminated with the A. alternata P. aerugionsa isolated from urinary tract infections and the lowest value of fresh weight was 0.61gm for total vegetation when treated seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa isolated from soil non contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds and 0.069 gm when treated seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa which Isolated from drainage water compared with control treatment which were 0.15 gm and 0.0014 gm of fresh and dry weight for total vegetation, respectively. As for fresh and dry weight of total root were the highest value 0.071 gm and 0.008 gm respectively, when the treatment of seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. fluorescens isolated from soil contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds. while the lowest value were 0.058 gm and 0.0065 gm when treated seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa isolated from soil non contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds compared to control treatment (seeds contaminated with the A. alternata only)which the fresh and dry weight values for total root were 0.046 gm and 0.0018 gm respectively. When antagonism study in the glass field, the highest percentage of inhibition of the growth of the F. solani on PDA and cetramide agar were 42% and 61% respectively, when treated with P. fluorescens generator isolate. While the bacterial antagonism with A. alternata on PDA media, the highest percentage of inhibition 51% when treated with the transaction P. fluorescens generator isolate on PDA media. Generally, the treatment of pathogenic fungi with biological control bacteria had reduced the percentage of infection and increase the percentage of germination.

دراسة انتشار انواع الفطر Saprolegnia spp. في مياه مدينة الديوانية وتوصيفها جزيئيا == Studying The Spreading of Fungus Saprolegnia SPP. In Waters of Diwaniyah City And Characterization The Molecularly

Author name: معتز محمد عزوز الزاملي

Supervisor name: ماجد كاظم عبود الشبلي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: شملت الدراسة الحالية عزل وتشخيص بعض الفطريات المائية ومنها انواع الفطر Saprolegnia spp. في مياه مدينة الديوانية وتوصيفها جزيئيا. عزلت الانواع التابعة لهذا الفطر وهما Saprolegnia parasitica وSaprolegnia ferax من الانهار والبحيرات والاسماك, وتم قياس الخصائ | The present study is concerned with isolation and identification of some aquatic fungi, including species of Saprolegnia spp. in waters of Al - Diwaniyah city and molecular characterization. Two species, Saprolegnia parasitica and Saprolegnia ferax, have been isolated from rivers, lakes and fishes. The physical and chemical environmental characteristics have been measured. The types above have been examined to extract the DNA. The (PCR) technique has been used to examine the presence of protease enzyme. The results of isolation and identification showed that the percentage of the two species were 64% in rivers areas 40% in the lakes areas and 50% in fishes. The rates represented the examined samples which were 60 samples. AS well as isolates was in rivers 16 isolation and in Lakes 10 isolates either in fish was 5 isolation and thus the total isolates 31 isolation, The S. parasitica species is more apparently found during (February, 2014), the number of samples was 12, the less presence of this species in (April, 2014), where the number of sample, was 3. The S. ferax species is more apparently presented in (February, 2014), the number of samples was 10. The less presence was in (April, 2014), the number of samples was 2. The results showed that the number of isolation of Saprolegnia spp. study area as it was S.parasitica species in were 6 in rivers, 2 in lakes, and 3 in fishes. The second species, S. ferax showed number of isolations which were 10 in rivers, 8 in lakes, and 2 in fishes. The PCR examination has used to detect the rDNA gene which responsible for proteases gene and whether it is found in the two species of fungi. The express way has been used to extract DNA and according to the instructions of manufacturer company. The concentrations of DNA in first species were 121.8 - 73.0 mcg/microliter and purity 1.87 - 1.80.In the second species the concentrations of DNA were 2360.4 - 166.9 mcg/microliter and purity 2 - 1.75. The results, by using PCR technique, showed that the percentage of protease in first species was 25% in rivers. In lakes and fish was 100%.Concerning the second species, the percentage of enzyme was 42% in rivers, 40%in lakes, and 50% in fishes. It can be concluded that there is a diversity in fungi species with respect to study areas and enzyme secretion in the stages of fungi infection. The enzyme is more apparently found in S.parasitica species compared with S.ferax species.