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دراســــة الفعالية التضادية لجرثومة Bifidobacterium spp تجاه جرثومة Staphylococcus aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين == Studying The Antagonistic Activity of Bacteria Bifidobacterium Spp Against Bacteria Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus

Author name: انغام نجاح هادي الخفاجي
Supervisor name: سهام جاسم الكعبي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة التحري عن الفعالية التضادية لجرثومة Bifidobacterium spp تجاه عزلات سريرية لجرثومة Staphylococcus aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين، ودراسة تاثير تلك المواد على عوامل الضراوة المنتجة من قبل S.aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين مثل الغشاء الحيوي Biofilm وا | This study included the investigation of Bifidobacterium spp antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolates, and the effect of these antimicrobial agent on virulence factors produce by MRSA (Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus) such as Biofilm and Slime layer. One handered different samples were collected to isolate Bifidobacterium spp and 50 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical specimens in AL - Najaf AL - Asharaf governorate during the period of (10/10/2013 - 20/1/2014) by the cultural characteristic colonies, microscopic for cells, biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction PCR technique to detect 16SrDNA, the results showed that 13 isolates belong to Bifidobacterium spp and there are divergent gene content between these isolates and they have been bearing lm26/ lm3 gene. Carbohydrate fermentation test was used to distinguish the species of Bifidobacterium, the results revealed that the B.bifidum is more predominant than the other species; B.thermoacidophilum, B.adolescentis, B.breve, B.longum. Antibiotics susceptibility test to Staphylococcus aureus using antibiotic disc diffusion assay showed that Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus formed 70% and 30% of isolates were sensitive to the same antibiotics, also the ability of MRSA isolates to produce Biofilm and Slime layer was investigated by tube method and Congo red agar, then 10 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were selected as efficient isolates according to the resistance of Methicillin and the high ability to produce biofilm and Slime layer. The antagonistic activity of Bifidobacterium spp was extracted and tested against these MRSA isolates, the results showed that the most isolates of Bifidobacterium spp were effective against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as the inhibition of growth and formation of Slime layer by using the wells and disc diffusion agar assay. The inhibition zone was between (10 - 30)mm, and the ability of bacteriocin production of Bifidobacterium spp against MRSA have been conducted by well diffusion broth method, B.bifidum3 was greater than other species in producing bacteriocin with asignificant increase (P<0.05). Furthermore the impact of bacteriocin production to inhibit the development and formation of biofilm was investigated, the results showed that the bacteriocin has ahigh activity against MRSA. The bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic effect of bacteriocin was conducted by using spectrophotometer, the results showed that these effects were bacteriostatic in the beginning of the growth MRSA while it was lethal during other time and 40 minutes is the period needed for killing MRSA bacteria.

دراسة وبائيــة وتشخيصيـة للانماط الوراثية لطفيلي Giardia lamblia المسبب للاسهال لدى المرضى في محافـــظة النجــــف الاشرف باستخدام تقنيـــة الـ PCR == Epidemiological And Diagnostic Study of The Giardia Lamblia Parasite Genotypes, Which Causes Diarrhea Among The Patients In Al - Najaf Al - Asharf, Province, By Using The Pcr Technique

Author name: وداد هاشم يحيـى ناصر المحنة
Supervisor name: جميل جري يوسف الحميداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في قسم علوم الحياة - كلية التربية للبنات - جامعة الكوفة للمدة من تموز 2011 ولغاية حزيران 2012 والتي تهدف الى دراسة وبائية طفيلي Giardia lamblia وتحديد الانماط الوراثية للطفيلي لدى المرضى المصابين بالاسهال في محافظة النجف الاشرف باستع | The Present study was carried out in the Department of Biology - College of Education for Girls - University of Kufa for the period from July 2011 until June 2012, it aims to study the prevalence of the Giardia lamblia parasite and identify genotypes of the parasite in patients with diarrhea in the province of Najaf by using the microscopic examination and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The results of microscopic examination of 3383 stool samples, 500 samples are infected by the G. lamblia parasite, with a total percentage of 14.8%. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences at the level of probability P ? 0.05 where the rate of infection in the liquid samples was higher than it is in semi - liquid samples, reaching 17.2% and 10.7% respectively. As the results show the incidence of the parasite in males are higher than it in females reached 16.8% and 11.1%, respectively, as well as the spread of infection with the parasite in the rural areas more than the urban area where the ratio was 19.6% and 9.1%, respectively, the results also show that the highest infection rate with the parasite was in the age group aged (1ess than year) and the lowest in the group aged (36 - 40) years, reaching 28.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The results also show that the highest percentage of parasite infection was in the September, 44%, while the lowest infection rate was in December, reaching 6.1%. The results of the current study show that the highest infection rate parasite was in patients in the hospital of Manathira which amounted to 16.5% and that the lower infection rate was among patients of the Medical Al - Sader city hospital, reaching 11.7%. The results of extracting (100) Stool Samples by microscopic examination for patients infected with G.lamblia showed the presence of the gentic material DNA of the G. lamblia parasite in (41) samples which constitute 41%, and results of the examination by PCR by using Triose phosphate isomerase (Tpi) Showed that there are signiinficant differences at the level of probability, p ? 0.05 percentage infection with the genotype (B) compared with the genotype (A), which were 61% and 39.1% respectively.The highest rate of infection with the genotype (B) in the semi - liquid samples was 69.3% compared to the liquid samples, which amounted to 67.9%, while the genotype (A) had the highest rate of infection in the liquid samples, which amounted to 32.2% while it was 30.8% in the semi - liquid samples.As the results showed that the percentage of infected male with the genotype (B) was more than it is in females, reaching 62.5% and 58.9%, respectively, and in type (A) the infection of females was higher than the infection males 41.2% and 37.5% respectively. As the results show the spread of genotype (B) in the urban area is more than the rural area, the percentage of infection is, 72.8% and 66.7% respectively, while type (A) was more prevalent in rural than in the urban, where the percentage of infection is 33.4% and 27.3% respectively.The results also showed that the highest incidence of the genotype (B) was in the age group (41 - 45), it reached 75% and the lowest percentage in the age group(1 - 5) (11 - 15) (26 - 30) (36 - 40) years, amounting to 50%, while genotype (A), the highest rate of infection, when age group (1 - 5)(11 - 15)(26 - 30)(36 - 40) years to approximately 50% and the lowest percentage of infection in the age group (41 - 45), was 25%.

عوامل الخطورة لطفرات الجينين CBS وMTHFR لقبل الارتعاج لدى النساء الحوامل في النجف == Risk Factors of CBS And MTHFR Gene Mutation For Preeclampsia In Pregnant Women In Al - Najaf

Author name: زهراء سامي رزاق النجار
Supervisor name: ظافرة جعفر عبد علي الفتلاوي | ماجد كاظم حسين
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الاصابة بقبل الارتعاجPre - eclampsia من الاعتلالات الخطيرة التي قد تظهر في الثلث الثالث من مدة الحمل اذ تتصف هذه الاصابة بارتفاع ضغط الدم وظهور بروتين الالبومين في الادرار. وقد ظلت اسباب نشوء هذه الحالة غير واضحة المعالم, اذ اعزيت بعض من اسبابها الى ا | Preeclampsia is considered as one of the serious complication in the third trimester of pregnancy. It is associated with hypertension and proteinuria. The causes of preeclamptic are still not well understood. Evidences suggested the involvement of metabolic related mutations in the disease. In the current study, the genetic mutations of CBS and MTHFR genes are studied as markers for the diagnosis of preeclampsia. Sixty preeclamptic pregnant women and forty healthy pregnant women as control group diagnosed by the physicians at Azzahra Teaching hospital for obstetrics &pediatrics in Najaf province from December 2012 to August 2013 The poly merase chain reactions technique was used to evaluate the incidence and frequency of C?S &MTHFR mutations. A questionnaire was conducted to obtain the information of the patients and the control group. Genetic mutation were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and agaros gel electrophoresis. The information indicated that the age of pregnant women, gestation age, previous history of the patients, family history and parity are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The results of the present study of preeclampsia showed a significant increase (P ? 0.01) in patients (25 - 34) years old when compared with the other group. where the results found a significant increase (P <0.01) of Preeclampsia occurred during (33 - 39) weeks of pregnancy. And in the patients with previous history for preeclampsia there was significant increase (P<0.001) compared with healthy pregnants. Pregnants with preeclampsia in the family history showed significant increase (P< 0.01) as for women pregnant for the first time showed and significant (P<0.01) and constituted 8% pregnanst with preeclampsia who had diabetes mellitus. The extraction and quantification of cell free fetal DNA (cff DNA) revealed a significant (P<0.0001)increase in preeclamptic patients when compared with those of healthy pregnant women. It is confirmed by the use of an internal negative control through the monitoring of SRY gene (Y chromosome gene) amplification that the gene belong to the infant and 40 pregnant woman were followed up till the labor. Thus, 9 of them had delivered males, while 30 had delivered females. The wild type SRY gene band was obtained clearly from those of male delivery, but not from those of female delivery. Mutations of C?S gene were analyzed by theuse a primer intended to amplify a fragment of171 bp.The rate of mutation was found to be 51.7% and 5% in preeclamptic patients and healthy pregnant women respectively and Odd Ratio=20.31, P value=10 - 7. The C677T mutation of MTHFR gene was verified by the use of a primer designed to amplify a fragment of 198bp. The prevalence of mutation was indicated to be 68.3% and 17.5% in the preeclamptic patients and healthy pregnant women respectively and Odd Ratio =10.17, Pvalue =6.2*10 - 7. Results demonstrated the wide involvement of C?S and MTHFR gene mutation in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, but they are no crucial for the development of the disease. In addition there are so many factors thatmay be involved in such development.

دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية لبعض انواع عشيرة Eragrostideae من العائلة النجيلية Gramineae (Poaceae) في العراق

Author name: ندى محمد رضا جعفر رفيش
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم خضير عباس البيرماني | ثامــــــر خضير مرزا
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Plant
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة تصنيفية وتشريحية لبعض اجناس العشيرة ASTEREAE (Family :ASTERACEAE) في العراق == A Taxonomical and Anatomical Study of Some Genera of Tribe Astereae ( Astereaceae ) in Iraq

Author name: شيماء محي حسون العامري
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم خضير البيرماني
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Plant
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

عزل وتشخيص الطفيلي Trichomonas vaginalis عن مرضى المشعرات المهبلية في مدينة النجف

Author name: سندس وفي غني هنين الزيادي
Supervisor name: هيثم حمادي العوادي | سامية سبع
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تقييم بعض الانزيمات لمرضى سرطان الدم اللمفاوي الحاد للتحري عن مقا

Author name: ميادة فرحان درويش
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
University location: Najaf

تاثير ملوثات البيئة في بعض المؤشرات التشريحية والمظهرية لنباتي الدودونيا والنبق

Author name: فرقان صدام العباسي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
University location: Najaf

مقارنة هرموني hmg. في وظائف الجهاز التناسلي الانثوي للفئران البيض

Author name: رنا كاظم محسن الجصاني
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
University location: Najaf

قابلية العسل ومستخلصي تمر الزهدي تثيبيط التاثيرات الخلوية الوراثية والدمية لاشعة كاما في الفئران البيض

Author name: نضال عبد الحسين ميسان البديري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
University location: Najaf

دراسة كيميوحيوية لوظائف الكبد لدى النساء الحوامل في محافظة النجف

Author name: هدى اسماعيل صادق الاعرجي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
University location: Najaf

دراسة تشخيصية ونسيجية مرضية للديدان المتطفلة في القناة الهضمية لبعض الطيور المائية في منخفض بحر النجف

Author name: علياء حسين مزهر
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Life Science
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology
University location: Najaf