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اثر التدريس بالتخيل الموجه وباستراتيجية التفكير التناظري في تحصيل مادة علم البيئة والتلوث والتفكير التاملي لدى طلبة كلية التربية الاساسية == The Effect Of Teaching By Forwarded Imaginary And The Strategy Of Analog Thinking In Achievement Of Environmental Science Subject, Pollution , Meditative Thinking By Students Of Basic College Of Education

Author name: علي ربيع حسين الهاشمي
Supervisor name: حيدر مسير حمد الله | حسين عبد المنعم
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى التعرف على اثر التدريس باستراتيجيتي التخيل الموجه والتفكير التناظري في تحصيل مادة علم البيئة والتلوث والتفكير التاملي لدى طلبة كلية التربية الاساسية. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف وضع الباحث الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : - 1 - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة | The current research aims to identify the impact of teaching by forwarded imaginary and analogy thinking in the achievement of environment science, pollution and contemplative thinking by students of the Basic Education College.To achieve this aims researcher put the two nil hypotheses as the following : 1 - There is no statistical significant difference at the level ( 0.05) between the average degrees of research groups in achievement test in the environmental science and pollution subject.2 - There is no statistical significant difference at the level ( 0.05) between the average degrees of research groups in Meditative Thinking scaleResearch was conducted on the second stage students in the Department of General Science / College of Basic Education / Haditha/The University of Al - Anbar for the first term of the academic year (2014 - 2015)Researcher adopted experimental design of the two experimental groups and the control group , the research sample selected intentionally the number of research sample reached ( 60 ) students from the second stage students in the Department of Science for the academic year ( 2014 - 2015 ), The first experimental group studied by forwarded imaginary thinkink , the second experimental group studied by the analogy thinking and the third group studied by the usual way.And groups are rewarded in the variables ( achievement in biology subject by the sixth year secondary school , and chronological age - month period , intelligence and thinking contemplative previous information, and back ground education by the parents). The experiment term study lasted by two lessons a week for each group , and the researcher himself teach research groups.The achievement test was built in the environment and pollution science of (45) subjective items, multiple choice , and (5) essay item , were verified from its sincerity by submit on a group of arbitrators , then applied on a prospective sample to make sure the clarity of its items and were confirmed its stability also has been discrimination coefficient, and the coefficient of difficulty of items and effectiveness of false alternatives.The researcher adopted a measure of Meditation thinking by Eysenk Wolsen after his translation , which consists (30) items , (20) items of the total items represent a positive mediation thinking while the rest (10) items representing negative. To ensure the veracity of the scale display on a group of specialists to judge the goodness in measuring the capacity to be measured and adopted 80% and above of the items on the validity of the scale.Then applied on exploratory sample to make sure the clarity of its items, and the account of stability coefficient, then after the data were analyzed and processed statistically and yielded the following results : 1 - A statistically significant differences at the level of significance ( 0.05) between the average scores of first students experimental group studied in accordance with the forwarded imaginary and strategy control group in favor of the experimental group students who have studied according to the imagination strategy in achievement test2 - There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of significance ( 0.05) between the average scores of students second experimental group which studied strategy of the analog thinking and the average score of the control group which studied the usual method in achievement.3 - There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of significance ( 0.05) between the average scores of students the first experimental group studied the strategy of forwarded imaginary and average grades second experimental group which studied the strategy of analog in the achievement.4 - Statistically significant differences at the level of significance ( 0.05) between the average score for the first experimental groups studied according to the forwarded Imitation and the second that studied the strategy of analog thinking in the development of meditation thinking test.5 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level of significance ( 0.05) between the average scores of the first experimental group which studied by strategy forwarded imagery and the average of second experimental group which studied by analog thinking in development of meditation thinking.In light of the search results, researcher came out by a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions
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فاعلية التعلم المدهم والتفكير النشط في تحصيل مادة الفيزياء والحس العلوي عند طلاب المرحلة الاعدادية == The Effectiveness Of Blended Learning And Active Thinking In Achievement Of Physics And Scientific Sense In Secondary School Students

Author name: عقيل امير جبر ظاهر
Supervisor name: فاتن محمود حسن الجندي | محمد عبد النبي ثجيل
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ecent research aimed to know the effectiveness of bland learning strategy and active thinking model on the scientific fourth grade male students in physics subject achievement and their scientific sense. To verify the aim of this research , researcher had been formulated the following two zero hypotheses : 1) No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the students mean scores of the three groups students on achievement test of physics subject.2) No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the students mean scores of the three groups students on scientific sensescale.The research was carried out on the scientific fourth grade male students in Al - Zaitoon preparatory school in Al - Diwanyia, for the Academic Year (2015 - 2016) A.D.The researcher rewards the three groups of the research statically in a number of variations like ( the previous achievement in the physics , the intermediate stage ) , age , intelligence , the previous information and scientific sense ) The researcher also prepared the materials of the research like ( the specification of the scientific material , forming the goals , behavioral purposes , preparation of the teaching method ).The researcher prepared two tools , the first tool ( achievement test ) that forms in its final picture in 49 objective items form a type ( multi - test ) that has four alternatives and the enquiry of the explicit truth has done and the truth of the contain for the test and outlines the difficulty factor , the discrimination factor and the effectiveness of the fault alternatives for the objective items , then the calculation of constant factor by Keudor and Richardison - 20 - is ( 0. 81 ) The second tool is the measurement of the scientific sense which is formed by its final shape from 71 items that is distributed in an equal on the sides of the scientific sense ( it is the recall of the experiences and connect them in the present , the numeral sense , the activation of the most senses , thinking in thinking , scientific curiosity, brain waking , the interesting in scientific work , toiling and control the irrationality) the enquiry of truth has been done and the distinguishable power for its items and the calculation of its constant in two ways ( they are Alpha factor , the factor equals (0.96 ) and in the way of re - test ( 0.91 )The research sample was selected intentionally by the researcher which consisted of (106) male students, Randomized into three groups (35) students in first experimental group, (35) in second experimental group and (36) students in control group. The three group's students have been equalization by the following variables : (age in month, intelligence, physics scores at third grade, pre physics knowledge, and scientific sense).The experiment has been applied during the first and second courses from the academic study year (2015 - 2016) and continued for twenty two weeks in term of three lessons for each group and after the end of the experiment, the two tools of the research were applied on the three groups then the data were treated statically by using the analysis of single variation by the use of static bag for social sciences SPSS, issue 20 and program Microsoft office excel 2007.The research results showed as the following : 1) Effectiveness of each of the bland learning strategy and active thinking model between the two experimental groups' and the control group of the scientific fourth grade male students in physics subject achievement.2) Effectiveness of each of the bland learning strategy active thinking model between the two experimental group's and the control group of the fourth grade scientific male students on the scientific fourth grade male students in scientific sense.3) No statistically significant differences between strategy of bland learning and model active thinking between the two experimental group's of the scientific fourth grade male students on the fourth grade scientific male students in physics subject achievement and their scientific sense In light of the results of research, the researcher recommended a number of recommendations and proposed a number of recommendations
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فاعلية استراتيجيتي دورة التعلم فوق المعرفية وسوم SWOM في تحصيل مادة الفيزياء عند طلاب الصف الرابع العلمي ومهارات تفكيرهم فوق المعرفي == The Effectiveness Of Meta - Cognitive Learning Course And SWOM Strategies On Achievement Of Physics For Fourth Scientific Class Students And Their Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive

Author name: عباس جواد عبد الكاظم الركابي
Supervisor name: ميسون شاكر عبد الله | عليه عبد المحسن شهاب
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The aim of the present research is knowing "The Effectiveness of Meta - Cognitive Learning Course and SWOM Strategies in Achievement of Physics for Fourth Scientific Class Students and Their Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive ". To achieve this aim, the following two zero hypotheses were made : The First Zero Hypothesis : There is no difference of statistical marker at the level (0.05) between the scores average of the first experimental group students who were taught according to the meta - cognitive learning course and the scores average of the second experimental group students who were taught according to the swom and the scores average of the control group students who were taught according to the traditional method 0n Physics Achievement Test.The Second Zero Hypothesis : There is no difference of statistical marker at the level (0.05) between the scores average of the first experimental group students who were taught according to the meta - cognitive learning course and the scores average of the second experimental group students who were taught according to the swom and the scores average of the control group students who were taught according to the traditional method on Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive.The research targeted the fourth grade of secondary school in the scientific branch at the preparatory and secondary governmental day schools in the city center of Al - Qadissiya, and physics subject in all chapters of the book for the first and the second semesters of 2014 - 2015. The researcher has randomly chosen (Way draw) Al - Sadrein Preparatory School for Boys which belongs to the Directorate of Education of Al - Diwniyah to be the sample of his experiment.The researcher adopted the experimental method and used the experimental design of three equivalent groups (two experimental and one control) of achieving post - test and Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive measure Three sections were selected randomly to be the sample. It was consisted of (103) students; (35) students for the first experimental group which was taught according to the meta - cognition learning course strategy,(34) students for the second experimental group which was taught according to swom strategy, and (34) students for the control group which was taught according to the traditional method.www.tracker - software.com The researcher made the three study samples equivalent in the variants (age, pre - Achievement for the third year students in physics, intelligence level, preinformation test in physics, Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive). The researcherprepared the research requirements like identifying the scientific material, forming the behavioral aims, setting teaching plans).The researcher also prepared two tools; the first is the "Achievement Test", which was finally consisted of (43) objective items of "multiple choice" with four alternatives, and (7) essay items. The face validity and content validity were checked. The difficulty coefficient, discriminatory coefficient, the effectiveness of objective items alternatives were extracted. The reliability of the test items were identified by the internal consistency method (Cronbach'sAlpha Coefficient) which was (0.89). The reliability of scoring coefficient for essay items was (0.87) between the researcher and himself, and (0.85) between the researcher and other. The second tool was " Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive measure" which was finally consisted of (54) items; equally distributed on themain skills (self - organization skills, necessary skills for doing scientific tasks, procedural control skills). Then, the face validity, construction validity and discriminatory powers of its items were re - examined. Its reliability was calculated in two ways; internal consistency (Cronbach'sAlpha Coefficient), which was (0.88), and by re - test, which was (0.86). The experiment was applied to both teaching semesters, the first and the second, of (2014 - 2015). It lasted for (21) weeks; three lessons for each group. After completing the experiment, the two research tools were applied on the three research groups. The data were statistically processed by using oneway analysis of variance, Scheff'e Test, effect size, the 20th editionof SPSS, and Microsoft Office Excel 2007. The results showed that : 1 - The first experimental group which was taught according to the metacognition learning course strategy was superior to the control group which was taught according to the traditional method in Achievement of Physics with effect size of (1.42) which is a significant indicator. 2 - The second experimental group which was taught according to swom strategy was superior to the control group which was taught according to the traditional method in Achievement of Physics with effect size of (1.29) which is a significant indicator.3 - There is no difference of statistical marker between the first experimental group which was taught according to the meta - cognition learning course strategy and the second experimental group which was taught according toswom strategy in Achievement of Physics.4 - The first experimental group which was taught according to the metacognitive learning course strategy was superior to the control group which was taught according to the traditional method of Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive with effect size of (1.86), which a significant indicator.5 - The second experimental group which was taught according to swom strategy was superior to the control group which was taught according to the traditional method of Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive with effect size of (1.79), which a significant indicator.6 - There is no difference of statistical marker between the first experimental group which was taught according to the meta - cognition learning course strategy and the second experimental group which was taught according to swom strategy in the Thinking Skills Meta - Cognitive. In the light of the research results, a number of conclusions were achieved and a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented.
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فاعلية تصميم تعليمي للتربية البيئية في تحصيل مادة البيئة والتلوث واتخاذ القرار لحل المشكلات البيئية عند طلبة كلية التربية الاساسية == The Effectiveness Of Instructional Design Of Environmental Education In The Achievement Of College Of Basic Education Students Environment And Pollution

Author name: عايد خضير ضايع الطائي
Supervisor name: وفاء عبد الهادي نجم الدليمي | خالد فهد علي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى التعرف على فاعلية التصميم التعليمي للتربية البيئية في : 1. تحصيل مادة التربية البيئة والتلوث عند طلبة كلية التربية الاساسية. 2. اتخاذ القرار لحل المشكلات البيئية عند طلبة كلية التربية الاساسية. ولغرض التحقق من هدفي البحث تم صياغة الف | This study aims at knowing the effectiveness of epistemological design of environmental education in : 1) The acquisition of the subjects of environment for students of basic education college. 2) Decision - making for the solving of the problem of environment for students of basic education college. In order to verify this objective, the following two zero hypotheses were formulated : A. There is no statistical significant differences at the level of (0.05) between means score of the sample students of the experimental group who study according to the epistemological design of environmental education and the scores of the students of the control group who study according to the traditional method in the test of the subject of Environment and Pollution. B. There is no statistical significant differences at the level of (0.05) between means score of the sample students of the experimental group who study according to the epistemological design of environmental education and the scores of the students of the control group who study according to the traditional method in the scale of decision - making for the solving of the problem of environment. In order to verify the validity of these two hypotheses, the researcher conducted an experiment that lasted a complete semester. Then, an epistemological design according the environmental education was constructed following four sequential and correlated stages.The study was confined to the students of Al - Mustansriya University \ College in the Department of Science. The sample was chosen purposely because they learn the subject of Environment and Pollution for the three departments (Chemistry, Physics and Biology) for the same curricula. The two sections were chosen randomly from the sections for the second stage in the Department of Science. The total number of the sample was (55) male and female students after eliminating the failed students. Twenty - seven of the sample in the experimental group were taught according to the epistemological design according to the environmental education and twenty - eight students in the control group were taught according to the traditional method. The two groups were matched in respect of some of the variables which might be effective in the independent variable (age calculated in months, previous information test, and the average of previous year and the scale of decision - making for the solving of the problem of environment. The scientific material was determined in five chapters from the lectures of Environment and Pollution designated for the second stage students in the Department of Sciences\ College of Basic Education in the first semester. The behavioral objectives were formulated and attained 353 objectives. For the tools of the study, the researcher prepared an acquisition test made up of (50) test items in (35) objective items the type of multiple choice among four options and (15) essay type. The apparent validity was verified after displaying a group of arbitrators specialized in methods of teaching and evaluation and assessment and Environment and Pollution. An experiment was conducted on 30 students that aimed at knowing the clarity of the test items and determining the answering time. The other experiment was conducted on 100 students in order to analyze the test items statistically to find the psychometric characteristics. The constancy was found by the method of inner consistency Cronbach’s alpha that attained (%84). The correction coefficient of the essay items were also found that attained between the researcher and the first corrector (%82), the researcher and the second corrector (%82) and the first and the second corrector (%86) and the researcher rand himself through time (%89). The second tool was the scale for decision - making for the solving of the problem of environment prepared by (Al - Assadi, 2009) for its suitability with the Iraqi environment and for the university level. In addition to the opinions of the experts which is made up of (22) items each one represents one problem of the study. Also, the scale validity was verified by the use of the apparent and logical truthfulness, and its constancy was found by the use retest method, and the constancy coefficient attained (%82) and the method of inner consistency (Kudor - Richardson 21) and the constancy coefficient attained (%84). After the preparation of the requirements of the stud, the experiment was applied starting from 28/12/2014 and lasted for 20 weeks in two hours per group. The teacher taught the two groups himself. After the end of the experiment, the researcher applied the acquisition test for the subject of Environment and Pollution and the decision - making for the solving of the problem of environment on the two unequal groups of the study (experimental and control). After statically analyzing the results by the use of t - test for two independent samples unequal in number. The results showed the excel of the two experimental groups which studied according to the pedagogical design of the environmental education on the control group which studied according to the traditional methods. The results rejects the two zero hypotheses. In the light of this, the researcher comes up with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions
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فاعلية تصميم تعليمي - تعلمي في ضوء برنامج RISK في الاداء العملي والنظري لطلبة قسم الفيزياء وتفكيرهم الناقد == The Effectiveness Of The Educational Design - Learning, In Light Of The Risk Program, In Practical And Theoretical Performance, For Students Of The Department Of Physics & Their Critical Thinking

Author name: عادل كامل شبيب الربيعي
Supervisor name: ماجدة ابراهيم علي الباوي | محمد عبد النبي ثجيل
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى : - التعرف على فاعلية تصميم تعليمي - تعلمي في ضوء برنامج RISK في الاداء العملي والنظري لطلبة قسم الفيزياء وتفكيرهم الناقد. وللتحقق من اهدف البحث صيغت الفرضيات الصفرية الاتية : 1. لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة0.05) ) بين | The current research aims at : identifying the effectiveness of instructional learning design program in the light of the risk program in practical and theoretical performance of the students of the Department of Physics and their critical thinking. To investigate, research objectives ; zero hypotheses were formulated as the following : 1. There were no significant differences at the (0.05) level between the mean scores of the practical performance of the students in the experimental group who studied the process in accordance with the instructional design experiences - learning and students of the control group, who studied in accordance with the normal way.2. There were no significant differences at the(0.05) level between the mean scores of the theoretical performance of students in the experimental group who studied the process in accordance with the instructional design experiences - learning and students of the control group, who studied in accordance with the normal way.3. There were no significant differences at the (0.05 level) between the average test scores of critical thinking for students of the experimental group who studied the process in accordance with the instructional design experiences - learning and the average test scores of critical thinking for students of the control group , who studied in accordance with the normal way. In order to verify these hypotheses : Research community was determined from students of the first stage in the Department of Physics in the College of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn Al - Haytham - University of Baghdad's whose Total number was 178 students. Distributed between four stages of study, and determine the substance of electrical laboratory (practical experiences), prepared for the academic year (2014 - 2015).Classes A & B were chosen randomly as a research sample. These students were divided randomly into four study groups, (A1) was selected to be the experimental group, and the number of students was (20) students who were taught material of Laboratory of Electrical according to instructional design and group (B1), which represented the control group and the number of students was (20) students who were taught the same article by the normal way. Both groups were made equivalent according to the following variable : chronological age , intelligence , intelligence, physics degrees in the previous year and critical thinking). And the a researcher prepared a research demands represented by (identifying scientific material, formulation of behavioral objectives , and determining their levels, identifying performance activities, preparation of work of electrical testing guide, teaching aids and appliances, tools and materials and the preparation of lesson plans for the two groups) in addition to the construction of three tools which were building calendar tool The final practical performance (note card), and in addition to measure the theoretical performance and test critical thinking, which was to make sure of Psychometrics characteristics. Application experience began in 1/12/2014 up 21/5/2015 and continued throughout the academic year ,by three hours per week for each group and the researcher taught the two sets of search, and processing data statistically by using the Statistical bag for Social Sciences (SPSS), and arrived to following results were reached : Supremacy experimental group over control group practical with theoretical performance and thinking critic, statistically significant and the The researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals.
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برنامج تدريبي لمدرسي الكيمياء وفقا لاستراتيجيات جانبي الدماغ واثره في ممارساتهم التدريسية وتحصيل وانماط تفكير طلبتهم == A Training Program Of The Teachers Of Chemistry According To The Strategies Of Both Sides Of The Brain And Its Impact On Their Teaching Exercise And Achievement And Thinking Patterns Of Their Students

Author name: شـوان فرج سعيد
Supervisor name: بسمة محمد احمد العاني | خالد فهد علي حسين
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى بناء برنامج تدريبي لمدرسي الكيمياء وفقا لاستراتيجيات جانبي الدماغ واثره في ممارساتهم التدريسية وتحصيل وانماط تفكير طلبتهم، وللتحقق من اهداف البحث صيغت الفرضيات التالية : 1. "لا يوجد فرق ذا دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسط الرتب | This dissertation aims at putting plan for training course programs of the teachers of chemistry according to the strategies of both sides of the brain and its impact on their teaching exercise and achievement and thinking patterns of their students. To achieve the goals of the dissertation, three zero hypotheses were proposed : 1. There is no statistical significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average degree of teaching practices of chemistry teachers who participate in the training course according to the strategies of both sides of the brain and the average degree of the non - participating teachers. 2. There is no statistical significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average of students, degree who were taught by the trained chemistry teachers according to strategies of both sides of the brain and the average of students, degree taught by the non - trained chemistry teachers in chemistry test.3. There is no statistical significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average of students, degree who were taught by the trained chemistry teachers according to the strategies of both sides of the brain and the average of students, degree taught by the non - trained chemistry teachers of the quantity of thinking patterns.The chemistry teachers in the secondary schools in the General Directorate of Garmian Education in Sulaimanya province and the fifth grade scientific students in 2015 - 2016 were assigned as the research community.The sample was chosen from teachers who teach the fifth grade scientific students from the research community, five of those who participated in the proposed training course according to the strategies of both sides of the brain, and seven teachers who did not participate in the course and they were chosen according to some criteria like : certificate, the length of their teaching career, and their previous experience. After that a sample of those teachers, students was chosen and a class was randomly chosen for each teachers as follows : (28 - 31) students (males and females) for the teachers who participated in the proposed training course, and (26 - 30) students (males and females) for the teachers who did not participate in the course.The form of monitoring the teaching measures of chemistry teachers was prepared to suit both sides of the brain and contained three steps : analysis, assembling, and evaluation. The form contained (48) articles the truthfulness of which were tested and its validity was fixed according to the (practice, re - practice) method. At the end, the range of connectivity reached (88%). As for the learning test, it contained (50 ) articles of multiple choice of four choices. Then its truthfulness and psychometric features were tested and the range of its connectivity was (0.91%) according to (Keoder Richardson - 20). As far as the kind of thinking measure is concerned, (Al - Zuheri, 2016) test in Iraq was used which is based on the four - sided sample that is based in its turn on the Whole Brain theory of Herman. The results showed the following : 1. There is a diagnosed statistical difference between the two groups of the teachers who participated in the training course and those who did not participate in it as far as the teaching measures are concerned and the scale largely falls on the side of the trained teachers.2. There is a diagnosed statistical difference between the students of the trained and not trained teachers in the test of thinking in the topic of chemistry for the students of the trained teachers with a wide range.3. There is a diagnosed statistical difference between the students of the trained and not trained teachers in the kind of thinking measurefor the students of the trained teachers with a wide range.Therefore,the researcher recommends the proposed training course accordingtothe strategies of both sides of the brain together in the course of training chemistry teachers during their service
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اثر تصميم تعليمي قائم على ستراتيجية ميردر"M.U.R.D.E.R" المعدلة لمساعدات التذكر في التحصيل ومهارات معالجة المعلومات في مادة الرياضيات لدى طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي == The Effectiveness Of Instructional Design, According To The Modified M.U.R.D.E.R Strategy For Mnemonic In Achievement And Information Processing Skills In Mathematics For Fourth Class Intermediate Female Students

Author name: سهاد عبد النبي سلمان صحو
Supervisor name: رافد بحر احمد المعيوف | حاتم يحيى خلف
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدف البحث تعرف اثر تصميم تعليمي مقترح وفقا لستراتيجية ميردر M.U.R.D.E.R المعدلة لمساعدات التذكر في كل من تحصيل طالبات الرابع العلمي ومهاراتهن في معالجة المعلومات، وتماشيا مع اهداف البحث اعتمدت الباحثة منهج البحث التجريبي، واستخدم فيه التصميم التجريبي الح | The aim of the research is to identify the effectiveness of the suggested instructional design that based on the modified M.U.R.D.E.R strategy for mnemonic in achievement in mathematics of students female in the fourth grads secondary school and their information processing skills. To achieve the research goals, the experimented research method is depended. In this method, a realistic empirical design of two - equivalent groups with post - test is used to measure information processing skills and students’ grade. The following null hypotheses is formulated : 1. There is no statistical difference for the statistical coffiection at 0.05 between average degree for the students of the experimented group who studied the subject using the Instructional design based on the modified M.U.R.D.E.R strategy and those who studied the same subject using traditional way on achievement test.2. There is no statistical difference for the statistical coffiection at 0.05 between the mean grade for the students of the experimented group who studied the subject using the Instructional design based on the modified M.U.R.D.E.R strategy and those who studied the same subject using traditional way in information processing skills test. The research society is determined with the fourth grade’s class female students’ in secondary schools/morning study that belong to public directorate Baghdad Education/Rusafa2.Randomaly,Somar Secondary School for girls is chosen to be the research field. Seventy two students female are selected as a research sample that divided into two groups : - Experimented group that are taught according the Instructional design of modified M.U.R.D.E.R strategy. - Control group that are taught using traditional method. The equivalent between these two groups is made using different variables (age, the previous degree for mathematic subject, information processing skills, intelligent, and the previous knowledge in mathematic test).To achieve the experiment’s aim and collect its information; two tests are constructed as follows : 1. Achievement test consists of (40) objective paragraph of multiple choices.2. Information processing skills test consists of (79) paragraphs that distributed into three skills of Information processing : (8) paragraphs for summarization skills, (46) paragraphs for identifying the relations and mathematic patterns and (25) paragraphs for evaluation skills. Some of these paragraphs are formulated as an essay, others are subjectively.The two tests are applied to an exploratory sample to verify the clarity of all test paragraphs and, instruction test time, make an appropriate statistical analysis, and sycometerics proprieties ensure. Then the tests are ready to be applied on the research two groups. After applying the tests on the research two groups, the results are analyzed using suitable statistical tools, like Person coefficient, Alpha - Cronbanch equation, Kuder - Richardson Formula 20, and (t - test) for two unequal independent samples. The results show that there is a statistical difference for the students of the experimented group who are taught using the instructional design according to the modified M.U.R.D.E.R strategy in both achievement and sum of Information processing skills and each skill separately to the control student group who are taught using the traditional way. The researcher deduces a set of conclusions : teaching according to the Instructional design of modified M.U.R.D.E.R strategy has positive effectiveness in the achievement of the students. It also enhance the performance of students skill in information processing, increase their capabilities to organize information, concepts and mathematical relations. According to these conclusions, number of suggestion and recommendations has been made
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بناء برنامج تدريبي لمهارات لغة الرياضيات واثره في معالجة المعلومات الرياضياتية لمعلمي الرياضيات وتحصيل تلامذتهم == Constructing A Training Programme Of Math Language Skills And Its Effect On The Teachers Treatment Of Mathematical Information And On Their Pupils Achievement In Mathematics

Author name: سليم عبد المنعم عبد الامير ترك
Supervisor name: حسن كامل رسن الكناني
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study aims for constructing a proposed training programme of mathematic language skills and finding out its effect dealing with mathematical information by teachers of mathematics and on their pupils' achievement. The researcher has adopted the equivalent two - group real, experimental design and a post test to measure the teachers' skills and of mathematical information treatment and their pupils' achievement. use the real experimental design with two groups equals to measure the, and put two zero hypothesis. Two null hypotheses Howe been hypothesized : - First, those hypotheses concerning with testing teachers treatment of mathematical information after completing the training programme. The test results of the three integrated skills of mathematical information treatment are statistically identical for both the experimental and control groups with a significance of more than (0.05) its divided in to three sub - hypotheses. : 1. The test results of the skill summarization are the (identical) for both the experimental and control groups with a statistically significance of more than (0.05)..2. The test results of the skill of identifying mathematical relations are statistically identical for both the experimental and control groups with a significance of more than (0.05).. 3. The test results of the skill of information assessment are statistically identical for both the experimental and control groups with a significance of more than (0.05). Second, the hypothesis concerning with testing pupils achievement of the completing the training programme : It is hypothesized that the pupils' results in the achievement test are identical for both the experimental and the control group with a significance of more than (0.05). This study is limited to;1 - Teachers of mathematics in primary day schools of the six directorates. of education in Baghdad, 24 male and female teachers randomly;(12) for the experimental group how attended the training programme and (12) for the control group. 2. Pupils in the classes being taught by those teachers chosen above both groups were equalized in terms of (years in service, academic achievement and pretest of previous knowledge) whereas the pupils of both groups were equalized in terms of (age, previous achievement and the IQ). In order to achieve the aims of this study, the researcher has designed two tests : 1. Mathematical information treatment skill test of (52) items ; (10) items testing the skill of summarization, (28) items for testing the identification of mathematical relations and patterns and(14) items for testing the skill of mathematical evolution.some of these items were subjective ,whereas the others were objective. 2. An achievement test for the fifth primary class pupil of (40) multiple - choice items. Both tests were administrated with for pilot samples of teachers and pupils. The first two pilot tests were to check out item clarity, instructions and the time the other two pilot tests were to identify the suitable statistical means and the psychometric features. The researcher has applied Pearson correlation coefficient, (Eta) correlation coefficient, Alpha Kron pach formula. Kolmogoro - Smirnov. Test, T - test, levenen test, Man whitney test and the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) in order to analyze the test results. The results of the study show that : 1. There is a difference of statistical significance in the favour of the teacher in the experimental group.2. There is a difference of statistical significance in the favour of the pupils in their achievement. The researcher has drawn conclusions; one of which is that the training programme has a positive effect on the teachers' ability to summarize and arrange of mathematical information, concepts and relationships and on their pupils' achievement as well. This study ends up with some suggestions and recommendations for further studies.
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تصميم تعليمي وفقا للتعلم القائم على الدماغ ذي الجانبين واثره في تحصيل مادة الكيمياء والسعة العقلية عند طالبات الصف الثاني متوسط == Teaching Desgin According To Learning Based On Two Hemispheres The Brain And Its Effect On The Achieve Ment Of Of Chemistry Subject And Mental Capacity Of The Second Years Lntermidate Femal Students

Author name: سارة علي عبد الحسين المسعودي
Supervisor name: فاطمة عبد الامير عبد الرضا الفتلاوي | خالد فهد علي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي : التحقق من الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : 1 - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة 0.05 بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية اللاتي يدرسن وفقا للتصميم التعليمي القائم على الدماغ ذي الجانبين ومتوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابط | The present research aims to verifying the two null hypothesis : 1 - There is no statistically significanet difference at (0.05) level of significane between the mean score of the experimental group student who were taught according to didactic design based on two hemisphers of the brain and the mean score of the control group students who were taught according to the traditional method on their achievement in chemistry subject of the sconed year intermidate School. 2 - There is no statistically significanet difference at (0.05)level of between the mean score of the experimental group student who were taught according to didactic design based on two hemisphers of the brain and the mean scores of the contral group students who were taught according to the draditional method in the mental capacity criterion. The sample of the Research was the female student of Al - Maolwod Al - Nabuoy (directorate general of education of Baghdad Al - Risafa sector 1) including (60) students who were divided into two groups experiemental and control. The two groups were equalized on the veriables age counted by months, the previous achierment of chemistry Subject, the pervious information test,and the mental capacity criterion. The teching plan has been adopted after being decleared by jury members and experts in method of teaching, psychology and measurment and evaluation the test which constists of (50) objective items of multiple choice test Atool was constructed especially for this work based or. MultipLe choice test and the mental capacity criterion (Salman 2011) has been taLsen after verifying its relaiblety and validity. The experiment Lasted for two semesters of the acdamic year (2015 - 2016) two hours for each group per the week. After finishing the experiement. The tools of the study have been used by using the proper statisticaL means in order to get the equivaLent and get the final results. The results have shown that the Acheivement of the experimental group students was higher than that of the contral group which taught according to the traditional method and the mental capacity. The results indicate that the two null hypothesis are rejected, accordingly, the researcher has got some conclusions, recommondati ons and suggestions
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اثر ستراتيجتي سكامبر والخرائط الذهنية في تحصيل طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط لمادة الفيزياء وتفكيرهن الابداعي == The Effect Of SCAMPER And Mentel Map Strategies On Intermediate First Class Female Students Achievement In Physics And Their Creative Thinking

Author name: دمشق موسى محمد عباس
Supervisor name: ماجدة ابراهيم علي الباوي | منتهى مطشر عبد الصاحب
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Objective of this research know the effect SCAMPER strategies and mental maps in the Achievement of physics for the students of the first class average of thinking and creativity, and to achieve the objectives adopted Find researcher experimental method two experimental groups and of the control group with a post test. And put the following null hypothesis : 1. There is no difference a statistical indication at the level of significance (0.05) between the average level students the experimental group first who are studying according to SCAMPER strategy and the average level students the second experimental group who are studying in accordance with the mental maps and the average degree of strategy students of the control group who were studying as is the ordinary method in Test the Achievement of physics.2. There is no difference a statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average level students the experimental group first who are studying according to SCAMPER strategy and the average level students the second experimental group who are studying in accordance with the mental maps and the average degree of strategy students of the control group who were studying as the usual method in Test the Achievement of physics.3. It has been identified and the research community, which represents middle and high schools for girls in the General Directorate for Education Karkh second, and Chtert the research sample (105) female students from the first class of intermediate school for girls Muta, and the sample was divided on two experimental cascades and normal control group : - The first experimental group (35 students) has examined the according to the strategy SCAMPER. - The second Experimental (35) has examined the according to the mental maps strategy. - Control group (35) has examined the according to the the usual way.The equivalence among the three groups procedure in certain variables (such as chronological age, previous achievement in science and mathematics, previous information, the level of intelligence, creative thinking) and see which the researcher that it could affect the dependent variables with independent variables. The purpose of data collection experience it has been built and tested and embraced each other as follows : achievement test : it may be the multiple choice type (40) test of the kind of substantive..Torrance for creativity thinking : has adopted a researcher annealed Torrance test for the Iraqi environment by (Khairallah, 1975).The experiment have been applied in the first and second terms for the academic year (2014 - 2015) by (2) hours for each group and the researcher taught the three research groups by herself.And conducted the appropriate statistical analyzes for the two tests , and use of statistical tools such as Kiodr equation - Richadson 20 and extraction of difficult coefficients and discrimination and effectiveness of alternatives and Q - test, results indicated higher than students of two experimental groups on the students of the control group in the achievement test and test creative thinking.One of the most important findings in this research researcher : 1. The teaching strategies of according to the SCAMPER mental maps had an impact to improve the achievement of students of two experimental groups compared to the control group.2. There were no significant differences between students of two experimental groups in achievement test.3. The teaching strategies of according to the SCAMPER and mental maps had an impact on creative thinking for the students of two experimental groups compared to the control group.4. surpass for the first experimental group on the second experimental group in the creative thinking test.To complement this research and has been following a development a proposal : 1. A similar study for the different stage.2. A study used SCAMPER Strategy and its impact on other types of thinking.3. A study used Mind Maps Strategy and their effect on other types of thinking.
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فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على مهارات التدريس الابداعي لمعلمي الرياضيات في تفكيرهم الاستدلالي ومهارات الحس العددي لتلامذتهم == Effectiveness Based On Creative Teaching Skills For Teachers Of Mathematics In Their Thinking And Deductive Skills To Their Pupiles A Sense Of Numerical Training Program

Author name: حيدر كاظم جاسم محمد الجيزاني
Supervisor name: حسن كامل رسن الكناني | منتهى مطشر عبد الصاحب
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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فاعلية تصميم تعليمي على وفق نظرية الدماغ الكلي لهيرمان في تحصيل مادة الكيمياء وانماط التعلم عند طالبات الخامس العلمي == The Effectiveness Of Instructional Design Based On Whole Brain Theory Of Herrmann In Achievement Of Chemistry And Learning Styles By The Students Of Fifth Scientific Leve

Author name: جميلة كاظم مجيد الزهيري
Supervisor name: سرمد بهجت ديكران | بسمة محمد
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The research aims to find out the effectiveness of instructional design based on whole brain theory of Herrmann in the achievement of chemistry and learning styles of fifth Scientific’s students.To investigate the goals of the research, the researcher has put the following hypothesis : - 1. There is no difference is statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the average scores of students who are studying design education based on whole brain theory of Herman and the average scores of students who are studying in accordance with the normal way in achievement test for chemistry.2. There is no difference is statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the average scores of students who are studying design education based on whole brain theory of Herman and the average scores of students who are studying in accordance with the normal way of learning styles scale.The ramifications of this hypothesis, the following Sub - Zero hypotheses : - • There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the average scores of students who are studying with Instructional design according to whole brain theory of Herman and the average scores of students who are studying in accordance with the method of the normal pattern (A) the objective to measure learning patterns.• There is no significant difference statistically at the level (0.05) between the average scores of students who are studying with Instructional design according to whole brain theory of Herman and the average scores of students who are studying in accordance with the method of the normal pattern (B) Executive scale patterns of learning.• There is no significant difference statistically at the level (0.05) between the average scores of students who are studying with Instructional design according to whole brain theory of Herman and the average scores of students who are studying in accordance with the method of the normal pattern (C) Emotional scale patterns of learning.• There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the average scores of students who are studying with Instructional design according to whole brain theory of Herman and the average scores of studentswho are studying in accordance with the method of the normal pattern (D) to scale patterns of creative learning.When instructional design has been build, The research experience applied in semesters I and II of the academic year 2014 - 2015 on a sample of the fifth scientific students in Babylon secondary school for girls that have been choosed depentedly among the community schools, the research sample contained of (57) student rate of (29) students experimental group and (28) student of the control group.Experimental design adopted a partial seizure and the two groups of search has been equally divided to some variables, the scientific material has been limited with all chapters of the Chemistry book for fifth Scientific class.The researcher prepared two tools for the research (Achievement test and scale of learning styles), Achievement test consisted in its final form of (50) items by (42) substantive paragraph of the multiple choice with four alternatives, and (8) paragraphs of the subjective, the validation after a statistical analysis of the paragraphs found that the reliability coefficient was (0.86) the adoption of Alpha - Cronbach equation, The modes of learning pattern was prepared according to Herman sovereignty brain consisted in itsfinal form with (80) items, as reliability coefficient way analysis of variance using alpha equation Cronbach for each style of the four patterns with an average of (0.85) and adopted the arithmetic mean and variance analysis unilateral and index size effect and the means of statistical research, the results showed the following : 1. There is a statistically significant difference between the two groups of research in academic achievement test in chemistry for the experimental group with a large size of a effect.2. There is a statistically significant difference between the two groups of search patterns in the learning scale for the experimental group with a large size of a effect.The results revealed that the arithmetic mean of the experimental group was the highest for the pattern (B) Procedural reaching (67.00) and by (26.95%) of the sample, followed by style (A) objective, amounting to (62.52) and by (25.15%) of the sample followed by style (C) emotional reaching (61.17) and by (24.61%) of the sample and finally the pattern (D) creative, amounting to (57.90) and by (23.29%) of the sample.
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اثر استخدام استراتيجيتي بلان (PLAN) وتنشيط المعرفة السابقة في اكتساب المفاهيم الفيزيائية والتنور الفيزيائي عند طلاب الصف الرابع العلمي == Effect Of Using Strategies Of Plan And Activate Prior Knowledge In The Acquisition Of Physical Concepts And The Physical Literacy For Fourth Scientific Class Students

Author name: تحسين عمران موسى الحجامي
Supervisor name: ميسون شاكر عبد الله | فاضل جبار جودة
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The aim of the present research is knowing (effect of using strategies of Plan and activate prior knowledge in the acquisition of physical concepts and the Physical Literacy for Fourth Scientific Class Students), To achieve this aim, the following two zero hypotheses were made : The First Zero Hypothesis : there is no difference statistically significant at the level of (0, 05) between the average grades students three groups (the first pilot which will examine the material planned strategy Blanc second experimental group that will study the same material strategy activate prior knowledge and students of the control group, which will study the same material the adoption of the usual way) in Test acquire physics concepts.The Second Zero Hypothesis : there is no difference statistically significant at the level of (0,0 5) between the mean scores of the three groups students (the first pilot, which will examine the material planned strategy Blanc second experimental group that will study the same material strategy activate prior knowledge and students of the control group, which will study the same material the usual way) to measure physical enlightenment.And identifies research students fourth grade science in junior high schools and government day and secondary schools in Qadisiyah province, and physics all the chapters of the book to be the first and second of the academic year semesters for two (2014 - 2015) m, and chose the researcher randomly (by lot) preparatory olive Boys subsidiaries to Educational Directorate of Diwaniyah to represent a place to make his experience in it. And adopted researcher experimental method, and used the experimentaldesign with three groups disproportionately (two experimental and control group one) with post test concepts and physical enlightenment, and selected three people in a way random assignment to represent the sample, it consisted of (100) students, the rate of (33) students experimental group First studied in accordance with the strategy Blanc and (34) a student second experimental group which studied according to activate prior knowledge strategy, and (33) of the control group students who studied in accordance with the normal way. Rewarded researcher three research groups statistically in the variables (chronological age, and academic achievement former physics thirdaverage grade, and level of intelligence, and testing of the above information in physics, enlightenment physicist), also prepared kits Search of (b determine the scientific material, identify physical concepts , behavioral formulation purposes, the preparation of lesson plans). T he researcher prepared two tools, the first tool (test acquire the concepts), which is in its final form (48) objective paragraph of type (multiple - choice) with four alternatives, has been checked and virtual honesty and sincerity construction, extraction difficulty coefficient and the Click to buy NOW! PDF - XChangewww.tracker - software.com Click to buy NOW! PDF - XChange www.tracker - software.com coefficient of discrimination and the effectiveness of alternatives to paragraphs the objective was to find the stability of the paragraphs of the test using the equation Kiodr - Richardson - reaching 20 (0.82), and the second tool (the Physical Literacy), which is in its final form of (60) items were distributed among the three main areas of physical tandoor (cognitive domain, the domain skills and field emotional), were verified virtual sincerity and genuineness construction, extraction difficulty coefficient and the coefficient of discrimination and the effectiveness of alternatives substantive paragraphs and two areas (knowledge and skills), it has also been discrimination coefficient was calculated for the field of emotional, as well as the expense of the stability of the scale in two ways : the way Kiodr - Richardson - 20 for two knowledge and skills reaching reliability coefficient (0.80), and Cronbach's alpha method for reaching the area of emotional stability coefficient (0.84) A pplied experience in the first and second of the academic yearsemesters (2014 - 2015) and lasted for 21 weeks with three servings of each group and after the end of the experiment was applied two tools Search on three research groups, and has data processing statistically using variance analysis, and test Scheffe , and the use of statistical bag of Social Sciences program SPSS version 20, and the data processor for Microsoft Office Excel 2007, has been the search results showed : 1. superiority the first experimental group which studied according to Blanc strategy to control group which studied the usual way in Test acquire physics concepts.2. superiority the second experimental group which studied according to activate prior knowledge strategy to the control group which studied the usual way in Test acquire physics concepts.3. the lack of a statistically significant difference between the first experimental group which studied according to Blanc strategy and the second experimental group that studied according to activate prior knowledge strategy in Test acquire physics concepts.4. superiority of the first experimental group which studied according to Blanc strategy to control group which studied the usual way in the Physical Literacy.5. outweigh the second experimental group which studied according to activate prior knowledge strategy to the control group which studied the usual way in the Physical Literacy.6. The lack of a statistically significant difference between the first experimental group which studied the strategy in accordance with the Plan and the second experimental group that studied according to activate prior knowledge strategy in the Physical Literacy.I n the light of the research results, a number of conclusions were achieved and a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented.Click to buy NOW! PDF - XChange www.tracker - software.com Click to buy NOW!PDF - XChange www.tracker - software.com
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اثر برنامج تدريبي في التقنيات التربوية والبدائل البيئية لمدرسي مادة الاحياء على وفق اسلوب النظم في اتقانهم لها وتحصيل طلبتهم

Author name: بديعة ابراهيم عبد الكريم الصالحي
Supervisor name: انور حسين عبد الرحمن | علي عبد الرحمن زنكنة
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدف هذا البحث اولا : بناء برنامج تدريبي وفقا لمفهوم اسلوب النظم لمدرسي ومدرسات مادة الاحياء في التقنيات التربوية والبدائل البيئية وفقا لاسلوب النظم وتعرف اثر البرنامج التدريبي المقترح في اتقانهم لها.ثانيا : تعرف اثر اتقان مدرسي ومدرسات مادة الاحياء | The aim of the research is : First. Construction a training program at the educational techniques and substantial environments for teachers of biology according to system approaches in both teacher’s mastery and to know the effect of the mentioned program suggested by researcher on the teachers skills. Second. To know the effect of training for teachers of biology subject on their students’ achievement for achieve the first objective of research, the training program of educational techniques and substantial environments were constructed according to the system approach, that treated with inputs , processes and output , making the basic of built , inputs of this program contains of techniques and trainers and substantial environments. for achieve the Second part of the first aim the researcher depend on notes card which in clued many skills for using technique and making substantial environments for achieve the second objective of research, the teacher make the test which in clued (50) questions (multi choose), and applicated in Sulimania, 18/12/2007. For verification the second objective, the following two theories is put : 1. There is no statistical deferent at guide (level=0.05) between average count of experiential group which trained on program, control group who never passed with the program at level of mastery. 2. There is no statistical deferent at indication (level=0.05) between average count of experiential group for students who teaches by teachers trained on program , and students of control group who teaches by the teacher never passed with the program. Limits of Research : The research included of : 1. Teachers of biological item who teaching scientific fifth classes at Sulimaniyah.2. Students of fifth scientific grade whose teachers passing training.3. The first and second semesters of biology textbook.4. Studying year 2006 - 2007.The sample of research reached to (383)students , (176)among them as the experimental group after all of them test ,who their teachers has trained on program , (207)among them has chosen for the control group, who their teachers never passing on the program, the two group have equivalent with the time ages, the previous data and pervious achievement. The researcher prepared special test for (multi test)containing (50)items , each one has three selection for the knowledge level (Bloom classification), after the experts have agreed. The test has applied by using (t - Test), by using (Person choose - hard coefficient - distinguished coefficient "Sperman test"). After the obtaining of research results , the researcher has : 1. Teachers who training on the program(experimental group) superiority on the teachers who never passing program(control group).2. Students who teaching by teachers training on the program (experimental group) superiority on the students who teaching by teachers never passing program(control group).Recommendation and suggestionThe researcher suggest more establish studies in chemistry and physics which depended on kemp design and system approach
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تصميم تعليمي وفقا لاستراتيجيات التعلم المنظم ذاتيا واثره في تحصيل مادة علم الاحياء والمهارات الحياتية عند طالبات المرحمة المتوسطة == The Effect Of Instructional Design According Self - Regulated Learning Strategies In Achievement Of Material Biology And Life Skills At The Third Intermediate Female Students

Author name: ايناس عبد الامير محمد السوداني
Supervisor name: سالم عبد الله سلمان الموسوي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This research aimed at knowing the effect of educational design according to strategies of auto - systemized learning in : - A. Achievement in biology subject with third intermediate class students.B. Life skills with third intermediate class students.In order to verify both objectives of the research , it was formulated the following zero hypothesis : - 1. There is no differences with statistic guidance at index level ( 0.05 ) between the marks of student of experimental group who studied educational design according to strategies of auto - systemized learning and average mark of students of control group who studied according to ordinary methods in outcome test.2. There is no differences with statistic guidance at index level ( 0.05 ) between the marks of student of experimental group who studied educational design according to strategies of auto - systemized learning and average mark of students of control group who studied according to ordinary methods in bioskills measurement.To verify the correctness of these two hypothesis , the researcher has conducted an experiment took two study courses , first and second of the academic year 2015 - 2016. constructing of educational design was made according to strategies of auto - systemized learning by following four sequential and interdependent stages.Sample of the research , after excluding failure students consisted of out of ( 60) students of third intermediate class from Al - Basma intermediate school for girls at Baghdad Education Directorate /Rasafa - 1 , chose intentionally way , then selecting two classes randomly. ( 30 ) students from experimental group learning educational design according to strategies of auto - systemized learning , ( 30 ) students learning according to ordinary methods.Experimental design with partial control was chosen (experimental group and control group )with dimensional test for outcome and bio - skills measurement.Both groups of the research were rewarded in some changes which had effects in future change ( time age accounted by months , testing of previous bioinformation , testing the previous bio data, academic qualification for the previous year and measure of the bio skills), the curriculum was specified for the fourteen terms of the bio curriculum( man and health) for third intermediate stage, also the behavior objectives also are formulated amounted (595) behavior objective.As for the research instruments , the researcher has prepared outcome test in biology included(l00) test items of(92) objective items of the test type of multiple test of four alternatives and(8) article items, and after displaying it to a number of arbitrators in the field of teaching methods and biology, it was tested to first questionnaire sample included (30) she students and the purpose of it to know the clearance extent of the test items and specifying the answer time related to them then it was tested on the second test questionnaire sample (100) she/ students and the purpose of it to analysis the stability in the method of the interior harmony (Alfa - Cronbach) where it is amounted (0.88) and it was found the stability of the correction coefficient of the Paragraphs essay, where itstability amounted between one corrector and the another(0.82) and the researcher her self across time.As for the second instrument, where they were measures of bio skills and the researcher has adopted the criterion prepared by ( Al - Masuadi,2011) for its suitability with the Iraqi environment and the academic stage( intermediate stage), besides the experts opinions depending it and the criterion included(68) items the three altematives( performed in large degree, intermediate, little, and the she student should choose the alternative test deemed suitable. After checking the validity of the criterion depending on artificial and the logical validity and establishment and its items are analyzed statistically using Person liaison correlation to find liaison coefficient of the item in total degree of the criterion and the liaison coefficient of the item in the field related with it and the liaison coefficient of the field in total degree of the criterion, then finding its stability in two methods : - method of re - test where the stability coefficient(0.87) and the interior harmony (Alfa - Cronbach equitation) and the stability coefficient amounted(89.5) after preparing the research requirements the test was applied commencement from Tuesday on 6/10/2015) till Thursday 7/4/2016 and continued for (23) weeks of two units weekly, where the researcherperformed teaching the two research groups her self. After ending the test, it was applied on the outcome test for biology and the criterion of bio skills on the two communities of the research( the experimental and the control ( groups after analyzing results statistically using T - test ) to specify two equal number independent samples, besides extracting the effect of the variable in the affiliated, the results have appeared superiority the experimental group studied according to the teaching design teaching strategies of the self - organized learning on the control group studied according the usual method and the results refereed to reject the two first and second zero hypotheses in light with this, the researcher has come up with a number of conclusions and recommendations and suggestions.
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فاعلية برنامج تعليمي وفق الذكاءات المتعددة في فهم واكتساب المفاهيم الرياضية والاستدلال الرياضي لدى طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط == Effectivness Of Educational Programme According To Multi - Intellegences In Understanding And An Acuisition Of Mathemtic Concepts And Mathematcal Recognition At The Girl - Students Of Second - Year Inter Mediate

Author name: ايمان كاظم احمد الربيعي
Supervisor name: لمى ناجي محمد توفيق | مجبل حماد الجوعاني
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: سعت هذه الدراسة الى معرفة فاعلية برنامج تعليمي على وفق الذكاءات المتعددة في فهم المفاهيم الرياضية واكتسابها والاستدلال الرياضي لدى طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (60) طالبة في شعبتين، اختيرتا عشوائيا في متوسطة ام البنين للبنات بمدينة ب | The aim of this thesis is to determaine the effectiveness of an educational program according to multiple intelligences to understand and acquire the mathematical concepts and mathematical reasoning for females students at a secondary school specifically the second grade. The sample of the study consists of (60) female students in two randomly selected atgroups of U'm Al - Banin secondary school for girls in Baqubah city , The General Directorate of Education / Baquba, for the academic year (2011 - 2012). The researcher has designed an educational program according to (Multiple Intelligences Theory) for females students of the second grade according to the following intelligences (linguistics, logical, spatial, personal and social). An equivalence has been done between the two groups in the number of variables including (chronological age, prior knowledge, prior achievement, and parent's attainment), and then the material of the course has been set according to the following syllabuses of the second grade textbook : (Open clauses, planargeometry coordinate geometry Ternary space geometry). For the purpose of measuring the performance of students, the researcher extracted (12) mathematical concepts from the syllabuses of textbook as above mentioned. Three tests are designed ; understanding the concepts test including (36 item) within three levels for each concept, namely; (translation, interpretation, prediction), concepts acquisition test including (36 item) within three levels for each concept, namely; (remember, understand, apply) and mathematical reasoning test consisting of (15 item) within five levels for each concept , vis; (conclusion, extrapolation, prediction, evaluation, relevance) with three items for each level. The researcher has been verified from some of psychometric features tests, and the validity of its items by offering them to a number jury members , thus , post test is conducted tests for two groups.• The experimental group has been taught in accordance with the educational program which is designed according to (Multiple Intelligences Theory)• The adjust group are taught according to the familiar way of teaching. The experiment has been carrying out for (8) weeks, then , three tests are applied as post tests for both the experimental and the adjust groups. Data collected are analyzed using suitable statistical methods. Results reveal the following : 1. The experimental group which has been taught in accordance with the educational program is better than the adjust group in understanding the concepts test as a whole and separately in the levels of (translation and interpretation) in understanding mathematical concepts at the level (0.05).2. The experimental group which has been taught in accordance with the educational program is better than the adjust group in acquisition as a whole and separately in the levels of (understanding) to understand mathematical concepts at the level (0.05).The experimental group which has been taught in accordance with the educational program is better than the control group in the mathematical reasoning at the level (0.05). In the light of the results obtained a number of pedagogical implications and recommendations and suggestions are put forward which are the necessary of employing educational programs in the light of multiple intelligences theory in the education process, enlightening teachers about the importance and benefits of multiple intelligences theory in the educational process and developing the current curriculum by including educational activities which are commensurate with the multiple intelligences theory. In light of the findings of the study results, the researcher made a number of recommendations and suggestions, and the most important : the need to employ educational programs in the light of the theory of multiple intelligences in the education process, educate Aalmadrsin about the importance and benefits of multiple intelligences of the educational process. Current curriculum development to include educational activities commensurate with the theory of multiple intelligences.
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تحليل كتب الفيزياء على وفق مهارات التفكير المحوري والتفكير البصري للمرحلة الثانوية واكتساب الطلبة لها == Analyze The Current Books Of Physics, According To The Core Thinking Skills And Visual Thinking Skills At The Secondary Level And Gain Her Students

Author name: اعتماد ناجي فياض
Supervisor name: ماجدة ابراهيم علي الباوي | كريم علي جاسم
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: هدف البحث الحالي الى تحليل كتب الفيزياء للمرحلة الثانوية على وفق مهارات التفكير المحوري والتفكير البصري للمرحلة الثانوية واكتساب الطلبة لها وتحددت مشكلة البحث في الاسئلة الاتية : 1) ما مهارات التفكير المحوري التي ينبغي تضمينها في محتوى كتب الفيزياء للمرحل | The current research aims to analyze the current books of physics, according to the core thinking skills and visual thinking skills at the secondary level and gain her students.Define the research problem in the following questions : 1 - What core thinking skills that should be included in the content of books of physics at the secondary level? What percentage percentile?2 - What visual thinking skills that should be included in the content of books of physics at the secondary level? What percentage percentile?3 - What are the main core thinking skills and sub - embedded in the content of books of physics at the secondary level? What percentage? 4 - What visual thinking involved in the content of books of physics at the secondary level skills? What percentage?5 - What is the extent of students the skills of the core thinking?6 - What is the extent of students the skills of visual thinking?To investigate included the core thinking skills and visual thinking about the content of books physics skills, the researcher prepares a list of the skills of the core thinking (8) main and 21 sub - skills, and other skills, visual thinking (5) main.To verify that the acquisition of the students to the skills of the core thinking skills and visual thinking, the researcher prepare two tests first, according to reflect the core second and according to visual thinking and after conducting Alsekoumtrah characteristics, has been testing a sample of sixth grade science students applying and numbered (915) students, after the Securities correction has been addressed test data using statistical spss.Search results has resulted in : - * The including skills in the six books were randomly for the core thinking skills and the skills of visual thinking, and not based on a specific standard, whether by skill or type of study stage. * Weakness and differences evident in the including ratios of the core thinking skills of the secondary stage and most of the skills included ratios came less than expectations of experts ratios.*Weakness and a clear disparity in the included visual thinking skills ratios and also most of the skills came ratios included less than expectations of experts ratios.* The Test of core thinking and visual thinking results came almost compatible with the results of the analysis of books where it appeared a deficiency in the level of including and level of the answer of the test of the core thinking and visual thinking.* Based on these results the researcher presented a set of conclusions and recommendations and proposal.
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اثر انمــوذجي 4EX2 وStofflett & Stoddart في تعديل الفهم الخاطئ للمفاهيم الكيميائية والتفكير عالي الرتبة لطلاب المرحلة المتوسطة == The Effects Of Two Models 4EX2 And Stofflett & Stoddart In The Misconception Of Chemical Concepts And Higher Order Thinking For Intermediate Grade Students

Author name: احمد لعيبي حسين التميمي
Supervisor name: كامل كريم عبيد الزهيري | علاء كريم محمد
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اثـر انمــوذجي EX2 4 وStofflett & Stoddart في تعديل الفهم الخاطئ للمفاهيم الكيميائية والتفكير عالي الرتبة لطلاب المرحلة المتوسطة). يستهدف البحث التحقق من صحة الفرضيات الست الاتية : 1 - اولا : الفرضية الصفرية الاولى : لايوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى ال | The present research : 1 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the first experimental group students who study according 4EX2 and the mean control group students who study according the classical method in the Misconception of Chemical concepts Test.2 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the second experimental group students who study according Stofflett & Stoddart and the control group students who study according the classical method in the Misconception of Chemical concepts Test.3 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the first experimental group students who study according 4EX2 and the mean control group students who study according the classical method in the Higher Order Thinking Test.4 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the second experimental group students who study according Stofflett & Stoddart and the control group students who study according the classical method in the Higher Order Thinking Test. 5 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the first experimental group students who study according 4EX2 and the of the second experimental group students who study according Stofflett & Stoddart in the Misconception of Chemical concepts Test.6 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the first experimental group students who study according 4EX2 and the of the second experimental group students who study according Stofflett & Stoddart in the Higher Order Thinking Test. An randomly sample had been selected of intermediate school the hussien Ali mahfoz scinctet for male Directorate - General for Education Baghdad karkh / 3), and reached (129) Distributors students into three groups ( two experimental and one control group) of (45) students per group, were Verification of equal three research groups in the variables (chronological age in months and collection former in the subject of chemistry, previous and chemistry, information , Misconception of Chemical concepts Test, and the Higher Order Thinking Test). The lesson plans approved for the three groups after a presentation to a group of the subject experts and methods of teaching and subject of and , psychology, measurement and evaluation, So a special tool and been built to their search an Misconception of Chemical concepts test which consisted of (60), which are multiple choice, So Higher Order Thinking Test had been adapted for (Jany.2012), containing (30) item, and been verified sincerity and persistence, experience continued throughout the two semesters of the academic year 2015 - 2016 by tow lessons of each group in the week, and after the end of the experiment two tools had been applied on the three groups and Find the three groups, were used the following statistical methods (Alpha - Cronbach coefficient, codur retchrdson(20), analysis of variance). The results showed : 1 - There are one statistically significant differences for favor of the first experimental group wich used 4EX2 model on the control group in Misconception of Chemical concepts test , the effect size was (2.62) which is a great value. 2 - There are a statistically significant difference in favor of the second experimental group wich used Stofflett & Stoddart model to the control group in the Misconception of Chemical concepts test , the effect size was (2.74) which is a great value.3 - There are of statistically significant differences in favor of the first experimental group wich used 4EX2 model on the control group in the Higher Order Thinking Test , the effect size was (1) which is a great value. 4 - There are statistically significant differences in favor of the second experimental group wich used Stofflett & Stoddart model on the control group in the Higher Order Thinking Test , the effect size was (1.12) which is a great value.5 - There arenot statistically significant differences between the first experimental group wich used 4EX2 model and the second experimental group wich used Stofflett & Stoddart model in Misconception of Chemical concepts test , the effect size was (0.12) which, a small value. 6 - There arenot statistically significant differences of the second experimental group wich used Stofflett & Stoddart model and the first experimental group wich used 4EX2 model in the Higher Order Thinking Test , the effect size was (0.12) which, a small value. Based on these results, the researcher recommended a set of suggestions
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دراسة تحليلية لكتب الكيمياء في ضوء معايير الثقافة العلمية وامتلاك مدرسي المادة لها وعلاقتها بالوعي العلمي الاخلاقي لطلبتهم في المرحلة الاعدادية == Analytical Study For Chemistry Text Books In The Light Of Standards Of Scientific Culture And Having The Chemistry’S Teachers Of It And Its Relationship With Ethical Scientific Awareness For Their Students In Preparatory Stage

Author name: محمد رحيم حافظ الحيدري
Supervisor name: فاطمة عبد الامير عبد الرضا الفتلاوي | عبد الجبار عبد القادر مخلص
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: ان التطورات العلمية الكبيرة المتسارعة التي شهدها ويشهدها العالم، اضافت كما هائلا من المعلومات والمعارف العلمية، واثمرت نتاجات تقنية متطورة سهلت الكثير من مفاصل الحياة في التخصصات المختلفة والمتنوعة ـ وهذا من شانه ان يتطلب طاقات بشرية تشمل التخصصات جميعه | The large and rapid of scientific developments in the world nowadays, added a tremendous amount of information and scientific knowledge, and fructify productions of advanced technology has facilitated many different fields of the life, this require energies of all mankind involve all fields, on the other hand it products scientific production connected directly ethics and social values. Since the educational system is part of this wide world, it’s important to keep pace these developments and scientific grasp and assume its responsibilities in preparing these energies of mankind in many different disciplines. This preparation can not be achieved without the provision of the necessary ingredients. One of these components is some of the basic elements of the school curriculum and the content of (textbook), and the teacher as well as the student that curriculum seeks to bring out the necessary changes to develop him in various aspects. Therefore our educational system need a curriculum contains all these different knowledge as well as scientific methods to deal with the technological tools and devices, with attention to everything that is contrary to morality and social values and to Included them in the school curriculum.Besides This system should contribute in preparing teachers at a good level of scientific culture in all its aspects to reflect positively on the upbringing life and equip them scientifically and morally conscious.Therefore, the researcher sought out to analyze the chemistry books for the preparatory stage in the light of the standards of scientific culture which the researcher depend with support of specialists. The research aims at : 1 - Content analysis of chemistry books at the preparatory stage in Iraq in light of the standards of scientific culture.2 - Finding out the scientific level of chemistry teachers in the preparatory stage of the standards of the scientific culture.3 - Finding out the relationship between the scientific culture of the chemistry teachers and ethical scientific awareness of their students in the preparatory stage.To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher a number of actions are as follow : 1. Preparing standards of scientific culture based on literature of science education, studies and research on these standards in addition to the views of experts and specialists. External validity was 80% 2. The researcher analyzed the chemistry books for scientific grades (IV, V, VI) , and adopted idea as the unit of analysis, and repetition as a unit of the census it is ensured the safety and stability analysis by outside analysts and researcher with the same over time. The rate of consistency for the three books (0.89 and 0.86 and 0.88), respectively.3. Building a scientific culture test for teachers of chemistry based on the literature and research and special studies in this area in addition to the views of experts and specialists, finding out its psychometric properties after applied to the exploratory sample number (100) and a school teacher ranged values of excellence Distinguish between the values (0.222 - 0.666) and the difficulty of paragraphs between (0.407 - 0.796) and between the effectiveness of alternatives ( - 0.037 - ( - 0.296) and so it considered the items of the test are good.4. Building scale scientific awareness of the students the moral basis of the literature and research and special studies in this area or near it, in addition to the views of experts and specialists, and finding out the validity and reliability and discrimination of the paragraphs in accordance with the SPSS statistical program has been deleted items that show It is not statistically validAnd to analyze the data and the results the researcher used the means of appropriate statistical and the percentage, t - test and compatibility coefficient and the weighted average. And the results were as follow : 1. The standard main(A) ”Nature of Science” obtained (86.49%) at the highest rate in the content of books chemistry combined reaching, while the main standard (H) “Ethics of Science” obtained on the lower rate(0.21%).2. The chemistry books of fifth scientific grade is most interested in the standard main (31.2%) as it was of percentage of the(%25.65) and the book was the least of the class as a rate of(%29.63) while the percentage of the class book of this Standard(%29.63).3. Teachers obtained an estimate (pre - intermediate) in the test of scientific culture.4. the students got on to estimate (good) in the scale of the awareness of scientific moral 5. There is a strong relationship between what is owned by teachers of the standards of scientific culture and the students' awareness of scientific ethicality.In light of these results the researcher recommended the need to balance the books between the three main standards of scientific culture and subsidiary, and include the content of the books of the major and minor standards which have not been well share in line and put the experts of the test of reference for these standards.To complement this study, the researcher suggested analysis study of chemistry books in the intermediate stage in the light of the standards of scientific culture, as well as a study for the analysis of books of scientific materials and other studies of different stages.
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تصميم تعليمي - تعلمي على وفق استراتيجيات العبء المعرفي واثره في تحصيل مادة الكيمياء والتفكير البصري لطلاب الرابع العلمي == Instructional - Learning Design According To The Strategies of Cognitive Load And Its Effect In The Achievement of Chemistry Subject And Visual Thinking For Fourth Grade Scientific Branch Students

Author name: عباس فاضل كاظم الشمري
Supervisor name: زينب عزيز احمد العامري | خالد فهد علي حسين
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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اثر التدريس بمهاراث التفكير المحورية والاستقصاء العقلاني في تحصيل مادة علم الاحياء والتفكير الايجابي عند طالباث الصف الثالث المتوسط == The Effect of Teaching By Core Thinking Skills And The Rational Inquiry In The Achievement of Biology Subject And Positive Thinking At 3Rd Class Female Intermediate Students

Author name: وفاء سويدان علي العيساوي
Supervisor name: رعد مهدي رزوقي | جمال حميد قاسم
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: This Research aims to investigating the effectiveness of knowledge achievement of female students in biology subject and positive thinking of third class.To verity this, the researcher formulates six nil hypotheses, two of them are main and the others a
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اثر استراتيجيتي PDEODE والتلمذة المعرفية في تحصيل مادة فسلجة الحيوان العملي والمهارات العقلية عند طلبة قسم علوم الحياة == The Effect of Pdeode & Cognitive Apprenticeship Strategies In The Achievement of Material Physiology of The Animal The Practical And Skills Mental At Students Department of Biology Sciences

Author name: ناظم تركي عطية السعدي
Supervisor name: فاطمة عبد الامير عبد الرضا الفتلاوي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: هدف البحث الحالي الى تعرف اثر استراتيجيتي (PDEODE ) والتلمذة المعرفية في تحصيل مادة فسلجة الحيوان العملي والمهارات العقلية عند طلبة قسم علوم الحياة، ولاجل التحقق من ذلك صاغ الباحث ثمانية فرضيات صفرية اثنتان منهرائيسة والاخرى فرعية والفرضيات الرئيسة : - | The research aims to identify the Effect strategies (PDEODE) and cognitive apprenticeship in in the Achievement of material physiology of the animal the practical and skills Mental at students Department of biology Sciences.In order to verify the researc
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تصميم تعليمي - تعلمي وفقا لانموذج كولب المعدل واثره في فاعلية الذات الرياضية والتحصيل عند طلاب الرابع العلمي == Instructional Design Learning According To Kolb Model Modified And It´S Effect of Mathematical Self - Efficacy And The Achievement For Fourth Students - Scientific

Author name: مؤيد كاظم رحيم الحيدري
Supervisor name: الهام جبار فارس العقبي | سلوى سلمان عبد
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: هدف البحث الى بناء تصميم تعليمي - تعلمي وفقا لانموذج كولب المعدل ومعرفة اثره في فاعلية الذات الرياضية والتحصيل في الرياضيات عند طلاب الرابع العلمي، وتحقيقا لاهداف البحث اعتمد الباحث المنهج التجريبي، واستخدم التصميم شبه التجريبي لمجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة ذ | The aim of research is to build instructional design learning according to the amended model of Kolb and find out its impact on the effectiveness of mathematic self and achievement in mathematics for students of 4th scientific grade class, and to achieve
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قضايا S.T.S.E. في محتوي كتب علم الاحياء للمرحلة الثانوية وامتلاك مدرسي الاحياء لها وعلاقتها بالثقافة العلمية لطلبتهم == Issues (S.T.S.E) In The Content Biology Text Books For Secondary Stage And Having The Biology's Teachers of It And Its Relationship With The Scientific Culture of Their Stude

Author name: عباس فاضل طالب المسعودي
Supervisor name: فاطمة عبد الامير عبد الرضا الفتلاوي | نهلة عبد الرضا البكري
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: The research aims current to find out : - 1.What included content biology textbooks for secondary stage to the issues (S.T.S.E.(.2. What possessed biology teachers at the secondary stage of issues (STSE).3. The relationship between the possession of b
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اثر انموذجي (بيركنز وبلايث) و(ادي وشاير) في اكتساب طلبة الصف الرابع العلمي للمفاهيم الفيزيائية وتفكيرهم التاملي == Effect of (Perkins And Blyth) And (Ady And Shire) Models on Acquire Fourth - Grade Science Students Physics Concepts And Reflective Thinking

Author name: وحيد غفوري محسن السعدي
Supervisor name: ساجدة جبار لفتة | موفق كاظم عبد الرضا
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching Physics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على اثر انموذجي (بيركنز وبلايث) و(ادي وشاير) في اكتساب طلبة الصف الرابع العلمي للمفاهيم الفيزيائية وتفكيرهم التاملي. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف وضع الباحث الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : - 1 - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0.05 | The research aim to know the following : the effect of (perkins and Blyth) and (Ady and Shire) models on acquire fourth - grade science students pysics concepts and reflective thinking.And for achieving this research the researcher put the following two -
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