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اثر احلال النقد الاجنبي في فاعلية السياسة النقدية : دراسة لتجارب بلدان نامية مختارة للمدة (1991 - 2006) مصر، العراق == Affect of Foreign Money - Substitution In Effectiveness of The Monetary Policy , Study of Selected Developing Countries For (1991 - 2006) Egypt And Iraq

Author name: رجاء عزيز بندر العقيدي
Supervisor name: ابراهيم موسى الورد | مظهر محمد صالح
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تبنت عدد من البلدان الناميه والاقتصادات الانتقاليه في السنوات الاخيرة العمله الاجنبيه ( مثل الدولار الامريكي او غيره من العملات الاحتياطيه )، واصبحت تلك العملات في بلدان اخرى شبه رسميه او يسمح للعملات الاجنبيه بالتداول جنبا الى جنب العمله المحليه اي الا | Number of the developing and transitional countries have been adopted , in the recent years , the foreign currency to do the function of money in the domistic economy ( such as , us Dollar or other reserve currencies ).These currencies became semi - official unit of exchange in other countries , or it was allowed to such foreign currencies to circulate , side by side , with the local currency , i.e. ,to allowed the local use of foreign currency to make the transactions ( currency substitution).This phenomenon appeared due to unstable economic conditions , including these accompanied with hyper inflation.In the wake of financial liberalization , these economies have opened their financial markets to gain an enormous inflow of foreign capital giving the residents the opportunity to get the foreign assets instead of the local assets for the purpose of risk diversification or what is called ( assets substitution ) for wealth keeping.This phenomenon has posed some challenges against the economic polices , including monetary policy for it bargins on monetary independence.The main objectives of the study are to interpret why some economies use the foreign currency instead of the local currency to make transactions or to store values in the national economy , as well as analysize the full dollarization or part dollarization effect as a monetary system , in which US dollar or any foreign currency replaces the local currency to achieve the monetary policy effectiveness.The hypothesis of our study can be summarized as follows : 1. Dollarization is a result of the financial liberalization , it is a situation of deviation in the monetary equilibrium of macroeconomics , leading to the correlation financial liberalization and the recent trends of monetary policy based on the indirect means.2. Dollarization ,as a feature of the financial liberalization , poses challenges against monetary policy , which exposes it to currency crisis in countries suffering insufficient financial markets and weak local currency.To test this hypothesis and achieve the study's objectives , this study divided into four chapters.Chapter One deals with Dollarlization : The historical and theoretical roots.Chapter Two explains monetary policy effectiveness , and Factors influencing it under the financial liberalization.Chapter Three offers reflections of Dollarlization in monetary policy efficiency. While Chapter Four specialized with analysis and measurement the causal relation between the economic disequilibrium ( imbalance ) indicators and Dollarlization measurement indicator for both Egyptian and Iraqi economy for (1991 - 2006 ).The study ends with some conclusions and recommendations. The most important of conclusions are : 1. The causal relation trend from the economic imbalance indicators to Dollarlization measurement indicator for Egyptian economy , as well as the economic imbalance indicator for Iraqi economy.2. Under an environment of currency subistitution , the policy of making the exchange rate as a tool to fix the inflationary expectations , is efficient in De - Dollarlization , in spite of the cost of this policy in the field of lower Central Bank reserves and / or extra burden on public expenditures.While the most important recommendations are : 1. To reduce Dollarlization and its risks , it is necessary to have dual approach , i.e. , it discourages the use of foreign currency and promotes the attractiveness of local currency as a mean of intermediation.2. Economic stability is an important aim to remove Dollarlization , but it might not be enough to reverse it (De - Dollarlization ). So , it requires other procedures , such as liberalization of local interest rate , establishment of a competitive payments system using local currency , and development of local Financial tools , those are also steps that can help the De - Dollarlization phenomena

المحاسبة عن التحوط في المشاريع الاستثمارية المشتركة بالتطبيق على عينة من المصارف السعودية == Accounting of Hedge In Joint Investment Ventures Applied On A Sample of The Saudi Banks)

Author name: ذكرى جمعة سكر الواسطي
Supervisor name: عامر محمد سلمان الجنابي
Specific topic: Accounting
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدف البحث الى اجراء تحليل مقارن للقوائم المالية لغرض تسليط الضوء على محاسبة التحوط عن المخاطر التي تتعرض لها المشاريع الاستثمارية المشتركة على وفق الستراتيجيات والسياسات الصحيحة وعلى وفق المعايير الدولية التي قد تتعرض لها في السوق التي تعمل فيها مثل تلك ا | The goal of research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the financial statements for the purpose of shedding light on the hedge accounting for the risks to the investment ventures of common according to strategies and the right policies and according to international standards that may be exposed to the market in which they operate such ventures, to be useful for all financial institutions, was important to discuss the issue of accounting for hedging in the joint investment ventures the future in Iraq, particularly that of our dear country is witnessing the opening economically and major investment which requires willing the Iraqi market to receive the corporate and investment ventures, whether individually or jointly, and to the joint venture operations impact and influenced by reciprocal between the environment market and the Iraqi society and between those ventures and objectives and to be derived from implementing such a project for the future and result check on the existence of accounting environment Iraqi equipped to address those risks in the joint investment ventures that may reduce and limit the risks that may be exposed to such ventures in the Iraqi environment.To accomplish research has been to use the following hypothesis : that there is a relationship between the hedging instrument and risks of investments in joint ventures, and so by measuring the impact of the choice of hedging instrument for the type of risk as variables on the hedged item in a variable.To achieve the objective thesis research has been selected sample presentation and analysis of the risks faced by joint investment ventures and derivative financial instruments that are used to reduce these risks and are joint ventures the three Saudi Arabian banker - SABB Bank, Saudi Arabia - French Bank, Saudi Arabia - Dutch.The research has come to a set of conclusions including : - 1 - Contributing the joint investment ventures in an active role in the process of integration and the creation of close ties between the economies of the countries. 2 - A joint venture reflects the diversity in the environment and economic productivity in terms of resources, which promote the provision of enabling environment for the growth of such ventures.3 - The importance of joint investment ventures in the social policy by assisting in the development of human resources as well as the exchange of knowledge and new technologies and exchange of different cultures.4 - For hedge accounting is a comprehensive system of information on risks, which would identify the effects of

تشخيص وتقدير دالة الانحدار اللامعلمي للبيانات المزدوجة في حالة عدم تحقق بعض فرضياته == The Diagnosis And The Estimation of The Nonparametric Regression Function of The Panal Data In Case Some of Its Hypotheses Are Not Verified

Author name: دريد حسين بدر
Supervisor name: ظافر حسين رشيد النجار
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اكتسبت نماذج البيانات المزدوجة اهتماما بالغا وخاصة في الدراسات الاقتصادية والطبية والمالية لانها تاخذ في الاعتبار اثر التغير في الزمن وكذلك اثر التغير في المشاهدات المقطعية على حد سواء في بيانات عينة الدراسة، فضلا عن وصف البيانات من خلال تقدير الانموذج ا | Panel data models have gained a great importance especially in economic, medical, epidemic and financial studies. Because these models take into consideration the impact of the change in time, the impact of the change in sectional views alike inherent in data of a study sample, in addition to describing data through Estimation of the appropriate model. In this thesis, we address the use of method of nonparametric regression in diagnosing and Estimation a model of panel data , as there are specific assumptions related to vector of random errors are not verified. This is because we are going to talk about a nonparametric problem and existence of Heteroscedasiticity and Auto correlated errors which make the process of Estimation wrong, or sometimes not possible. A model has been diagnosed through disclosing all of the problem of Heteroscedasiticity through the use of test (1996) (Zheng) and the problem of Auto correlation by suing test (2013) (Su and Lu). It has been indicated through handling a Nonparametric Hausman Test that the final model adequate for research data is Nonparametric Panel Data Model with Random Effects. Thus, finding Nonparametric Estimator has been tackled through dealing with each problem individually alongside with addressing methods of choosing the smoothing Bandwidth of the model of Random Effects. In case of correlated errors for all techniques of Nonparametric Regression, there are methods to deal with this problem, however all of the said depends critically on addressing estimation methods reliant on finding the choice of an optimal smoothing Bandwidth using more accurate standard until the removal of error process to attain an edited smoothing Bandwidth , of any correlation, is achieved. Then, we could Estimation a model by using Estimation methods. In case of Heteroscedastisity, treatment could be achieved through determining weight by Kernel Estimator, then to be used for the exclusion of the effects of Heteroscedasticity in the study variables through using estimation methods and provision of proposals for classic Nonparametric methods. The formulation of simulated experiments of used models and verification of performance of traditional and proposed methods, for all sample sizes and three levels of standard deviation trough the use of (RAMSE) standard, have been carried out in this thesis. One of the most significant objectives of this study is the selection of the best Estimation method produced by simulation through applying it on a group of balanced Panel Data (longitudinal). This could be conducted through carrying out a practical application to state the effect of the role of gross domestic product on fixed market prices measured in a US Dollar (x) in the state budget measured in millions US Dollars (y) for the period (2003 - 2015). This could be approached through depending on genuine data related to general budget for the Arab States measured by millions US Dollars. The gross domestic product has been focused on since it is the most important economic variable that impacts the budget, as an explanatory variable according to the viewpoint of the competent people for the period (2003 - 2015). The main conclusion in the experimental side is a clear preference in absolute terms to the fortified proposal of Least Square Support Vector Machine for Regression by using an (MGCV) standard on other used Estimation methods. This is in case existence of Auto Correlation as well as provision of a verified proposal for Propose (LCNE), relying on a Span, a selection standard, on other used Estimation methods in case existence of Hetroscedasticity, of all sample sizes, all cases and three levels of three standard deviation. As to practical side, an appropriate model has been diagnosed. Also, compatibility of the best method has been proven in the experimental side alongside with practical one, and the most appropriate for a model by using (RAMSE) standard

قياس وتحليل دالة الطلب على النقود في العراق في الامد الطويل والقصير في اطار التكامل المشترك == Measuring And Analyzing The Demand Function For Money In Iraq For Long - Term And Short - Term Under The Co - Integration Framework

Author name: خليل اسماعيل عزيز
Supervisor name: سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الطلب على النقود احد طرفي التوازن النقدي الذي يشكل عرض النقود طرفه الاخر من المتغيرات النقدية الاساسية التي تم التركيز عليها في النظريات النقدية , وتكتسب دراسة وتحليل دالة الطلب على النقود اهمية خاصة سواء في الاقتصاديات المتقدمة ام النامية, وتساهم هذ | The demand for cash as one of the main variables in the cash theory is one of the two sides of money equilibrium which the supply for cash is the other side. The demand for cash model has special importance in the developed and developing countries equally. This dissertation aims to study and estimating the demand for cash and the effecting factors in Iraq for the period from 1990 - 2014. The cash for demand model was estimated by using (ARDL) and bound test to test the Cointegration and the long - run and short - run between the demand for cash in Iraq as a depended variable which is determined by bunch explanatory variables i.e. Gross Domestic Product in fixed prices(GDP), nominal interest rate, inflation rate and Iraqi Dinar rate of Exchange. The relationship among the variables was examined by Impulse Response Function (IRF) through which the internal variable shock impact will be measured in VAR model on the present and future values. The Johansen test results came out to confirm integrated direction relationship of one of the study variables whether using Trace Test or Maximum Eigenvalue test , as the estimated value was found to be greater than the critical value for both the cases at the significant level (p=0.007) for Trace Test and (p=0.018) for Maximum test, which indicates the long - run equilibrium relationship among the study variables and subsequently indicates integrated direction relationship between the real demand for money as a dependent variable and the other explanatory variables. The study is also confirms a short - run equilibrium among the study variables in direction of long - run equilibrium according to the error rectification model and the short - run relationship under ARDL model. The results of the long - run relationship between of the demand for money and its limitations came out to confirm the short - run relationship, and in other side the estimated value of ARDL test according to (SUSUMSQ) and (CUSUM) as it's within the critical area, therefore, the variables are stable for both the short - run and the long - run.

مقارنة اساليب بيز مع طرائق اخرى لتقدير منحنى الانحدار اللامعلمي == A Comparison of Bayesian Approaches With Other Methods For Estimating Nonparametric Regression Curve

Author name: خلود يوسف خمو يوسف
Supervisor name: ظافر حسين رشيد النجار
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لقد شهدت طرائق الانحدار اللامعلمي اهتماما ملحوظا في السنوات الاخيرة كان السبب في ذلك هو ان التفكير المعلمي الصرف المستخدم في تقدير منحنى الانحدار لا يتوافق مع المرونة في تحليل البيانات.ومع التطور المنجز في اجهزة الحواسيب من الناحية المادية وكذلك انجاز | In recent years, too many considerations have been given for the Nonparametric Regression methods. This is for the reason that the concept of pure parametric; used for the estimation of Regression curve, does not cope well with the flexibility needed for data analysis.With the progress made in computer machines, in terms of economy and running performance, it has become possible to develop many of Nonparametric Regression methods theoretically. Though many of these are still under perfection, and facing a number of problems.Hence we see the importance of focusing on methods related to smoothing of Nonparametric Regression functions. This is for the purpose of producing the best methods convenient for various models. And for the Distribution Random error, in its two cases; Normal and Contaminated. Thus, the most important purpose of the research, is to find what the studies so far, have offered in the field of Nonparametric Regression. Also to find alternative or modified methods; which are reliable for the treatment of conditions of failure regarding the methods in use, as well as to alleviate the complexity of some methods, especially those related to Bayesian procedures.One of the most outstanding aims of the research focuses on the study of Nonparametric Regression using Bayesian variable selection. This suggests a modified technique to be reliable and of less complexity than the original one.Amongst the other research intentions, when data are contaminated with outliers, is to explore the Robust Nonparametric Regression, using Bayesian variable selection method. Also to suggest a modified Bayesian method; resistant to outliers, and of less complexity than before transformation. As well as offering suggested methods for Robust Nonparametric Regression. This is of the feature of having less sensitivity towards outliers and reliable in comparison to very few techniques supplied with robustness, as the Bayesian approach.A simulation model has been performed with different distributions, for the random error and for a number of models.To verify the performance of such methods, many criteria have been carried out.To satisfy the purpose of this research, the study has been divided into five chapters. Chapter I consists of an introduction, the problem under research, its importance and purposes. It also covers a literature survey. Chapter II covers methods for smoothing Nonparametric Regression. While chapter III is devoted for Nonparametric Regression and Robust Nonparametric Regression using Bayesian variable selection method. Also in this chapter are details of the suggested methods. Then chapter IV implements the experimental part of the study. Finally chapter V comprises the conclusions and suggestions that the research has recommended. As well as the future studies, which have been proposed regarding this research.

مقارنة طرائق تقدير دالة المعولية للتوزيع الاسي الخليط مع تطبيق عملي == Comprastion Between Methots Estimator Reliability Function of Of A Mixture Exponential Distribution With A Practical Application

Author name: خضر نصيف جاسم البياتي
Supervisor name: عبد المجيد حمزة الناصر
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الاهتمام المتزايد في دراسة نماذج الفشل جاء نتيجة للدور الذي تضطلع به نظريه المعوليه ودالة الاخفاق بالتعامل مع الاعمار لدراسة ومعرفه سلوك اوقات الفشل في الزمن اللاحق, وتعتبر المعولية احد المقاييس للتعبيرعن اداء اي مفرد او نظام لفترة قادمة لذلك تعد المعو | Reliability theory and Hazard function have played a great role in the rapid interest in the study of failure models. These theories deal with the study of ages to investigate and study the behavior failure time at posterior time. Reliability theory is one of those standards that show the performances of any unite for an expected period of time. It is also considered an indicator for future planning.Accordingly, reliability theory is adopted to study and analyze behavior of failures and the factors behind such failures. To achieve this, the parameter estimators of failure models, with good prosperities and efficiency, are required to count the reliability estimation. Therefore, it is of keen significance to study the methods and techniques for getting the parameter estimators of failure including the parameter estimations of a mixture failure model. These estimations have a great role in reproducing complex cases of non - homogeneous populations. Like the importance of the normal distribution for biological studies, the exponential model is considered of a great significance for the study of failure models.The study aims to estimate the reliability function by employing various methods to estimate the model parameter exponential mixture. To achieve this objective, this study is divided into four chapters. Chapter I shows the introduction and the literature review. Chapter II defines some key concepts of the topic; it also presents the theoretical framework for the employed methods of estimation for a number of parameter estimator method’s complete sample of a mixture of two exponential distributions with different two parameter and percentage p. them of normal school such as Maximum likelihood method estimator and symbolizes her short (ML) and the method of moments and symbolized short (MO) and the least squares method and symbolizes her short(LS) and the least squares weighted and symbolized short (WL) and propose application Bayesian Method using (Lindley' s approximation) of this mixture distribution as not used in Iraq (by informed researcher) and study the behavior of a function failure rate for this distribution using expression w(t) which is also taught for the first time in Iraq, according to the informed researcher. Chapter III is divided into two sections. The first section includes the application of imitation style for generating data and performing a sample application based on the theoretical background. The second section reports about a field work on one of the public institutions for electrical industry. Chapter IV shows the results and conclusion of this study. It also suggests some recommendations for future research.

امكانية قيام الوحدة النقدية الخليجية في ضوء تجربة الوحدة النقدية الاوربية

Author name: خالد عبد الحميد عبد المجيد العبدلي
Supervisor name: ايمان عبد خضير الغريباوي
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقدير الدالة اللامعلمية للبيانات العنقودية == Nonparametric Regression Function Estimation of Clustered Data

Author name: حلا كاظم عبيد
Supervisor name: سجى محمد حسين الهاشمي
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: البيانات العنقودية تظهر في الكثير من العلوم الاجتماعية والصحية والسلوكية. وتتميز هذا النوع من البيانات بوجود الارتباط بين مشاهداتها. وممكن التعبير عن العنقدة من حيث العلاقة بين القياسات على الوحدات ضمن نفس المجموعة فان النماذج الاحصائية تحتم على حساب الار | Cluster data appears in a lot of social, health and behavioral sciences. And featuring this type of data link between the presences of her observations. And possible expression of clustering in terms of the relationship between measurements on units within the same group, the statistical models makes it imperative for the link account at every level, because failure to do so leads to misleading results. Hence the importance inside the Observations link to the estimating of the function non parametric for cluster data where the use of parametric method for ICON is always desirable to estimate some functions Because of the shape of the data is unknown in advance the appropriate function or as a result of the existence of some obstacles so it is the use non parametric method to estimate (smoothing) Nonparametric function.. Research has shown developed in recent times on the use of non parametric regression when parametric the assumptions are unfulfilled. And non parametric regression allows greater flexibility of functions dependent variables resulting from the data. Previous research has touched on the case of cluster data estimating the ways non parametric and semi parametric methods and was adopted state of neglect of the link within the same cluster property data that distinguish cluster data is particularly. And local kernel estimator achieved more efficient negligently correlation within clusters (even if the correlation is in the interest the study). While some touched on the case taking correlation between Observations per cluster using the estimated equations. Others had created the kernel methods in the case of cluster data behave completely different from the behavior of the capabilities of the spline estimator as has achieved kernel methods results more efficient when the neglect of the link within the clusters, while spline methods results achieved less variance of smoothing fixed parameters at taking the link inside clusters into account in the estimation process.So in this thesis will be nonparametric function estimating for clustered data using the Seemingly Unrelated Kernel Estimators, and The Generalized Least Squares Smoothing Spline Estimators and propose Robust methods and comparison of the methods listed above to indicate the best estimate of the nonparametric function estimating for clustered data, taking into account the structure of the link within the clusters were cluster data, The adoption of cluster data, which has the same number of explanatory variables within each cluster. To achieve this, thesis was divided into five chapters, the first chapter included introduction and aim of the research and reference review, either Chapter II now include the theoretical side which discussed the methods used to calculate the non parametric function of cluster data in the presence of the link. While included Chapter III experimental side (simulation) and the application addressed method in the second chapter and the statement of the best way has less (MAE) or (MSE). and either the fourth chapter includes the applied side to the real data for the proportion of white blood cells and its impact on the proportion of blood per patient (cluster) and Chapter V which includes the most important conclusions and the recommendations.it is through simulation experiments have been finding the best way to estimate the non parametric function for cluster data and a way The robust Generalized Least Squares Smoothing Spline Estimators in the case of a correlation. It was the application of all methods of the practical side using real data about the proportion of white blood cells and their impact on the proportion of blood hemoglobin for patients with blood cancer (leukemia).

امكانية اعتماد الحلول الراديكالية في تغيير واقع التنظيم المحاسبي في العراق == The Possibility of Adopting Radical Solutions To Change The Reality of The Accounting Regulation In Iraq

Author name: حكمت حمد حسن
Supervisor name: بشـرى نجم عبد الله المشهداني
Specific topic: Accounting
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد المحاسبة علما من العلوم الاجتماعية يستند على مجموعة من المبادىء والقواعد القائمة على مبررات منطقية , حيث تتولى مسؤولية توفير المعلومات المالية عن حقيقة الوضع المالي لمنشاة الاعمال , وبالتالي فهي تخضع لذات المداخل الفلسفية التي تخضع لها العلوم الاخرى | Accounting is Science from the Social Sciences is based on a set of principles and rules based on rational justification, which is responsible for providing financial information about the fact of financial position of the entity business, and are therefore subjected to the same philosophical entrances governing other sciences to explain and interpret the nature and the way of progress in science. This study is consistent with several previous studies which see accounting progressing according to the approach of radical revolutionary, completely as described by a professor of the history of American science Thomas Kuhn (1922 - 1996) in his book " The Structure of Scientific Revolutions," in which he sees that the progress of science with the open end starts from the stage before the science and followed by the stage of normal science, and then the stage of the crisis when anomaly states that undermine confidence in the Paradigm of natural science are increasing , then the revolution to resolve the crisis through adoption of new Paradigm able to cope with the problems that the former Paradigm from was unable to deal with them. One of the most important findings of this study is that the progress of accounting within the last hundred years had embodied the steps defined by Kuhn in the private approach in progressing of science, where the international paradigm accounting moved from the form historical cost to the form of the fair value which was culminated in the issuance of standard reporting International financial 13 ( fair value measurements ) and if it has now compared with the local paradigm in Iraq (standardized accounting system) , the size of gap has been continuously widen over time compared with the previous Iraqi studies which carried out similar comparisons, because of the stability in the local paradigm and its inability to accommodate environmental change while the change and development on the other side continued. These results paved the way for introducing recommendation in necessity to change local paradigm and replaced it thoroughly by the paradigm of international accounting, being unable to achieve the goals that accounting founded for them ( providing useful information ) in the current environment conditions making use of the experiences of several countries that have passed similar circumstances and with deliberate manner in cooperation with the international professional bodies.

تاثيرات الخطا البشري في المخاطر المصرفية وامكانية التحول نحو المنظمة المتعلمة : بحث تجريبي في عدد من المصارف العراقية الخاصة == The Effects of Human Error In The Banking Risks And The Possibility of Transition To A Learning Organization Empirical Study In A Number of Iraqi Private Banks

Author name: حسين لازم الزيدي
Supervisor name: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي | صادق راشد حسين الشمري
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة تاثيرات الخطا البشري في المخاطر المصرفية وامكانية تحويل المصارف العراقية الخاصة الى منظمات متعلمة، وذلك من خلال قياس واختبار تاثير الخطا البشري في المخاطر المصرفية، والوقوف على المخاطر الاكثر ارتباطا به للتركيز عليها، وتقديم المع | This research aims to study human error effects in the banking risks and the possibility of converting the Iraqi private banks to educated organizations, and through the measurement and testing of human error effect in every kind of banking risks types and stand on the most closely associated with the risks in order to focus on them and make appropriate processors have with respect to and increase the availability of skills and expertise required to carry out banking operations of error - free manner. Find dealt with human error in terms of meaning and understandable, classifications and types, causes and consequences and its approaches and theories. Also addressed placed banking risks in terms of meaning and concept, species and entrances and theories, also addressed placed banking risk management and measurement. Also addressed the evolution of organizations down to the learning organization, including the concept and characteristics and dimensional measurement, and the requirements of becoming a learning organization. The research was sealing his intellectual and theoretical study of the relationship between the three threads with the submission of a successful international experiences. We depart search of his problem to was the need of the Iraqi private banks, which are supposed to reflect the level of development and progress in financial and economic of the country areas, to a deeper understanding of the human errors committed within the bank either by management or employees, and to understand their causes and consequences and its direct and indirect effects in banking risks, which are a feature of the banking environment, and thus its impact on the bank's success in achieving its objectives, or protect it from falling into failure, and leave the banking market. So it was necessary to find a strategy to ensure the management of human errors and management of banking risks, be the basis of learning from the mistakes of the past and adopt the principle of creativity and knowledge, within the court system called the learning organization.The research methodology depend on experimental method, has identified a set of hypotheses that have been tested different tools of financial analysis, the style of case study statistical tools. Has been selected five banks exposed to real problems for analysis and access to the results serve to know the effects of human error in the banking risks, it was also selected three banks from the good rating for comparative purposes to measure the possibility of converting to banks, educated organizations. The research has come to many of the most important results that the most important errors that affect the banking risk is management mistakes, especially mistakes of decisions making, and that more risk is affected that the credit risk. The research found that the dimensions of learning organizations in Iraqi banks available moderately, and that non - distressed banks are best able to switch to an learnining organizations

راس المال الزبائني بتماثل الزبون والمنظمة في اطار فلسفة التسويق الشمولي : دراسة تحليلية لاراء عينة من المدراء والزبائن بمصرفي الرافدين والرشيد == Customer Capital Via Customer - Organization Identification Within The Framework of The Holistic Marketing Philosophy (A Analytical Study of Sample Opinion From Managers And Customer At In Al - Rafideen And Al - Rasheed Banks

Author name: حسين علي عبد الرسول الجنابي
Supervisor name: غسان قاسم داود سلمان اللامي
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى توظيف اطار فلسفة التسويق الشمولي لتعزيز راس المال الزبائني بوجود تماثل الزبون مع المنظمة كمتغيروسيط. وتتجسد مشكلة الدراسة الرئيسة بتساؤل اساسي مفاده كيف يستطيع المصرف ان يعزز راس ماله الزبائني من خلال تبني فلسفة التسويق الشمولي. وت | Current research aims to employ framework of a holistic marketing philosophy to enhancing customer capital existence of customer - organization identification. And embodied the main problem of the study questionably fundamental view how can the bank to enhancing its capital customer through the adoption of a holistic marketing philosophy. The study sample target managers in the Rafidain and Rasheed, as well as his customer, has been included in the study sample (120) individual heads of departments and branches. Offset (120) customers of the two banks. For the purpose of data collection research relied on questionnaire as the main tool has been developed in the light of the views and thoughts of researchers and specialists in the field of study variables.In light of the results of the statistical analysis, Search devised a set of conclusions was the most important : Bank can enhancing its capital customer through relied on marketed holistic philosophy verify the customer's social needs in identification. Based on conclusion study by the research, was derived a set of recommendations, the study community can find to overcome some obstacles present or future, especially since the banking industry in Iraq is witnessing dramatic shifts. Perhaps the most important of these recommendations was the need to adopt management banks surveyed holistic marketing philosophy and work to make them, through the inclusion of the Bank's vision and mission, and must move towards different market sectors so that they can penetrate as much as possible from the market

الفساد الاقتصادي واثاره على عملية التنمية الاقتصادية في البلدان النامية == Economic Corruption And Its Effects On Economic Development Processes of Developing Countries

Author name: حسين جابر عبد الحميد الخاقاني
Supervisor name: يحيى غني جاسم النجار
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: There are many economic issues that concern society at the local level and international level and which constitute a serious challenge to the peoples and governments, perhaps including the issue of corruption in all its forms and manifestations and effects, which now attracts the attention the issue of human society everywhere. It is simply exploiting public office for personal gain, and reflects the exploitation of aberrant behavior in the noble human values of justice and equality. Perhaps the importance of these values stem from the focus of divine religions and the situation on their relationship to human life, all peoples seek to achieve, and failure to achieve increase of injustice and poverty deepens and broadens social differences, and put right is misplaced, whichincreases the weight of life and the high cost of living.The term "corruption" was not known in the literature or the media before the final quarter of last century, but spread wide and its negative made him impose himself strongly in global forums, and that started the last decade of the last century until the issue of corruption became the focus of attention of researchers who studied forms of corruption The concepts and revealed about the bad effects at all levels including the economic level, complicated by the conference, which was established by the organizations and issued the right decisions at the level of global forums like the United Nations and the European Union and others, until now the foremost concern of each government is trying to instil confidence among the governed aspiring to good governance associated with low degree of corruption. Researchers have not agreed to define the concept of corruption or specific definition is due to a disagreement over any type of conduct that should be included or excluded from the concept of corruption, in addition to the different culture from one country to another, as well as laws and social mores that allow certain behaviors are considered corrupt in the eyes of the countries Other.With the rapid globalization and economic openness in the Nineties past, corruption has become the focus of global concern, those years have seen a growing recognition that addressing the phenomenon and discussed by policy makers and academics.Many of the studies discussed the issue of corruption has focused on noneconomic reasons for corruption, which causes social, legal, administrative, and suggested means of reducing corruption through a package of laws and anticorruption legislation and the application systems of good governance, either for reasons of economic corruption have been the lowest share of research and analysis. Despite the importance of non - economic causes of corruption, but the economic causes of great importance established by the facts in the form of slower economic growth and the erosion of available resources and deepening poverty situation, which requires due attention to this aspect.This research focuses on the economic effects of corruption through disclosure of the nature of corruption and clarifies concepts and factors of the spread and the impact on economic variables. Has been to rely on the extrapolation method, with emphasis on theoretical analysis based on the logic of economic theory, method and use descriptive analysis at hand and the mathematical technique and standard models, other times to clarify the relationship between corruption and macro - economic variables and come out of that relationship from the negative effects, using schemes and fees Illustrations and graphs and tables of data available. Using different sources of literature on this subject and issued by international institutions and organizations of the reports and working papers relating to corruption in both Arabic and English, in addition to the adoption of studies and articles for specialist researchers published in professional journals or posted on the websites of international organizations related.

تطوير اجراءات محاسبة التكاليف في النظام المحاسبي الموحد وفقا لمعايير محاسبة التكاليف لدول مختارة == Developing Cost Accounting Procedures In The Unified Accounting System According To Costing Standards of Selected Countries

Author name: حسنين حميد العبيدي
Supervisor name: نصيف جاسم الجبوري
Specific topic: Accounting
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تسعى الشركات العراقية الى تحديد كلفة المنتجات والخدمات التي تقدمها الى الزبائن بشكل دقيق من خلال استخدام الطرائق والاجراءات والمعالجات التي يوفرها نظام محاسبة التكاليف، والاعتماد على مخرجات النظام لما يوفره من معلومات تحليلية وتفصيلية لتحديد كلفة الانتاج | The companies in Iraq make efforts to define exactly the cost of products and services provided to the customers by using methods , procedures and treatments of costing system. Also , the outputs and the detailed information of that costing system can be used to define the cost of production and inventory which would be disclosed through closing accounts , as well as providing another detailed information to be used by management for planning , control , and making decisions. It included the problem of the study on the absence of rules or standards for cost accounting issued by local professional actors or global to the application of cost accounting by economic units system measures but are relying on the exact cost accounting in the consolidated accounting system, which does not meet the needs of the economic system of units. The study concluded a set of conclusions most important, professional bodies have not issued in the Republic of Iraq, especially the standards to regulate the accounting work regarding Alklfoa side, only ordains its accounting system of concepts, general principles and leave the freedom and economic units in the choice of methods and techniques in the application, and in return it has confirmed the internal control guidance directed ministries, issued by the Office of control over the procedures to audit the cost accounts, and for the purpose of measurement and reporting of cost information by economic units form that provides reliable information, it has issued standards that many countries cost accounting, including the United States, India, Pakistan and other countries, as well as the instructions issued by the international Federation of Accountants for the purpose of uniformity and consistency, consistency and comparability

تاثير التحليل البيئي في المزيج التسويقي السياسي وادارة علاقات الناخب : دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من اعضاء مجالس محافظات الفرات الاوسط == Environmental Analysis Effect On The Political Marketing Mix And Voter Relationships Management

Author name: حسين فلاح ورد ورش البدري
Supervisor name: انتصار عباس حمادي الدليمي | يوسف حجيم سلطان الطائي
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناول الدراسة الحالية موضوع تاثير التحليل البيئي في المزيج التسويقي السياسي وادارة علاقات الناخب ولقد استطلعت الدراسة اراء عينة من اعضاء مجالس محافظات الفرات الاوسط في العراق التي تضم خمس محافظات هي ( القادسية، بابل، النجف، كربلاء، المثنى ). اذ تحددت | This study deals with the effect of environmental analysis on political marketing mix and voter relationships management. The study had been done. The study had been done on a sample of a governorates councils of ( M. U ) in Iraq , which it involve (60) members they are distributed according to a group of demographic characteristics. And questionnaire had been depended on in the study as a tool to collect the data. And the two computer programs (SPSS) and (STATICA) had been used , to process the data and reach to the results which concern with computation of values of ( ratios , frequencies , means , and standard deviations ) as well as test the hypotheses of study , by computation , the values of the relationships of direct effect and indirect among the variables of study , and it’s significance of this relation ships. The study has tried to test a number of major and minor hypotheses related to the relation and regression among the variables of the study. So , the study has reached to several conclusions , such as there is significant effect of environmental analysis on political marketing mix , and there is significant effect of environmental analysis on voter relationships management by political marketing mix. And according to these conclusions , the study presents many suggestions which be useful tools , to the political parties (which are studied ) , either now or in the future

العلاقة بين مكونات الطلب الكلي وتوزيع الدخل في العراق للمدة (1990 - 2014) == The Relationship Between The Aggregate Demandcomponents And Income Distribution In Iraq For The Period (1990 - 2014)

Author name: حسن خلف راضي
Supervisor name: فارس كريم بريهي
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى اختبار العلاقة بين مكونات الطلب الكلي،وتوزيع الدخل في العراق للمدة (1990 - 2014) باستخدام بيانات السلسلة الزمنية بالاسعار الجارية وبالصيغة اللوغاريتمية، وامكانية الاجابة عن الاسئلة، هل انعكس توزيع الدخل في النمو الاقتصادي على واقع ا | This study aimed at testing the relationship between the components of aggregate demand and income distribution in Iraq for the period (1990 - 2014) using time series data at current prices and as logarithmic. It also aimed to answer the following questions : was the income distribution reflected on the reality of the rentier Iraqi economy? Were the aggregate demand components able to achieve the fair distribution of the income in the Iraqi economy? And was the growth achieved first or the distribution and the response exchange between them when tracking the time and quantitative path of the study variables? for the purpose of proving the study hypothesis which states that the relationship between the aggregate demand components and the income distribution in Iraq for the period (1990 - 2014) is weak. In addition, the study aimed at testing the relationship between the components of aggregate demand and economic growth in Iraq. The study also measures and analyzes the relationship between the expenditure and the economic growth and Gini index to measure the inequality in the distribution of income according to a family survey of the year 2012. Determining the reality of the of the aggregate demand components and the distribution of the growth benefits and their effect on the inequality in the incomes distribution in the Iraqi economy which is described as a rentier economy. The distribution of delay model (ARDL) was used. All the variables of the study were shown to be stable at first difference or at the level of some variables. The long and short - term equilibrium relationship (co - integration) between variables and test the causality of these variables was tested. Tests showed that governmental spending has positive impact in the short term and negative impact through long - term in the model that measures the relationship between aggregate demand components and economic growth. The individual spending was found to have a positive impact on the average income of the individuals for the short term because increasing spending leads to an increase in the economic growth. Negative impact in the average spending was found over the long term for economic growth. The Gini index for measuring the disparity in income distribution had no significant impact in the long term on the growth in the provinces of Iraq. The remaining variables included in the study were found to have no effect in the short - term economic growth, where the parameters of these variables were low and has no impact on the growth. The study recommended the diversification of income sources in Iraq

استخدام اسلوب بيز التجريبي في تقدير معلمات انموذج الانحدار الخطي == Using Empirical Bayes Approach For Estimating Parameters In A Linear Regression Model

Author name: حازم منصور كوركيس عربو
Supervisor name: اموري هادي كاظم الحسناوي
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The primary purpose of our thesis is to assess the importance of using empirical Bayes approach in regression analysis. At the first some empirical Bayes techniques in point estimation are considered. It is well known that in point estimation with a squared error loss function the Bayes estimator is the posterior mean. In the empirical Bayes approach we must construct a consistent sequence of estimators for this posterior mean using past experience. This construction is done for three general families of distributions. New estimators for the parameters in the simple orthogonal linear regression model are presented using not only the usual random sample of observations but also past experience in the form of previous estimators of parameters in similar but independent situations. The regression parameters are considered to be random variables. Bayes estimators are given for a squared error loss function. Even though the prior density of the parameter is unknown the Bayes estimator can be written in terms of the marginal density of sufficient statistic. This marginal density can be estimated empirically , thus forming the empirical Bayes estimator. Empirical Bayes estimators for the parameters in the general linear regression model are presented. These estimators by pass exact knowledge of the prior distribution of parameters by means of supplementary informations from similar independent experiments. The case in which the error variance is unknown and may vary from one experiment to the next is included. Some basic concepts in shrinkage estimators are introduced. The definition of multicolinearity as the existence of near linear relationships among the independent variables is given. Effects of multicolinearity on estimated regression coefficients are explained. Sources of multicolinearity and methods of detecting multicolinerity are presented. The method of ridge regression is given as one of several methods that have been proposed to remedy multicolinearity problems by modifying the method of least squares to allow biased estimators of the regression coefficients. The technique of ridge regression first proposed by Hoerl and Kennard has become a popular tool for data analysts faced with a high degree of multicolinearity in their data. Ridge solution properties and methods for choosing the ridge parameter are presented. The first method is graphical applied by using graphical display called 'ridge trace' the second method is the iterative method proposed by Hoerl and Kennard. The equivalence of ridge regression estimator with Bayers estimator is proved. Bayesian methods are employed for choosing the ridge parameter. An empirical Bayes estimator of the ridge parameter is presented. An empirical Bayes estimator of the ridge parameter which result in minimax ridge regression estimator under strawderman's loss function (formula 2.81) is also presented. By minimax estimator we mean an estimator which is uniformly better than the least square estimator in terms of risk. In the practical part of the thesis we apply ridge regression analysis to the set of actual data suffer from multicolinearity. Three methods are employed to determine the value of the ridge parameter. Comparisons between the three methods are made on the basis of various statistics that might go into the choice of the ridge parameter. According to these comparisons we conclude that the value of the ridge parameter obtained by using empirical Bayes approach (formula 2.78) is better than the other two methods. Ridge analysis is repeated for another set of experimental data obtained by constraint simulation. The same conclusion is obtained when the dependent variable is any one of the variables Y2 ,..... Y6.

القيمة المضافة للمعرفة في ظل تداؤبية العلاقة بين المورد المعرفي وتكنولوجيا المعلومات : بحث ميداني مقارن في بعض المصارف الاهلية العراقية == Knowledge Value Added Under The Relationship Synergistic Between Knowledge Resource And Information Technology Comparative Field Research In Some of The Iraqi Private Banks

Author name: حاتم علي عبد الله الحمداني
Supervisor name: صلاح الدين عواد كريم الكبيسي
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
Key words:
  • المورد المعرفي، تكنولوجيا المعلومات
  • القيمة المضافة للمعرفة
  • سلسلة قيمة المعرفة
  • مقدرات المورد المعرفي
  • امكانات تكنولوجيا المعلومات
  • نموذج خلق المعرفة
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن البحث تكوين تصورات واضحة حول القيمة المضافة للمعرفة من خلال تداؤبية العلاقة بين المورد المعرفي الاساس في هذه القيمة وتكنولوجيا المعلومات كاداة مساعدة في تحقيقها استنادا الى طروحات(Nonaka et al,1996)، في محاولة لتعميم النظرية وامكانية تطبيقها في البي | The present research tries to create a clear perceptions on Knowledge Value added through the Synergetic relationship between the fundamental Knowledge resource in this value and information technology as a tool to assist in their investigation, based to the proposals of (Nonaka et al, 1996), who tried to generalize this theory and apply it in the Iraqi environment, therefore, this research is a start from the research dilemma to bridge the Knowledge gap between the existing intellectual reviews and the possibilities of its applications, it aims to identify the Knowledge resource Competencies and information technology Capabilities and their impact through the Synergetic relationship to achieve the Knowledge value added. The present research is basically on the deductive approach driving from the subjectivism philosophy to deriving it's Hypotheses from the theoretical framework, then trying to test it through statistical and knowledge means in order to verify the objectivity through : first, analytical survey for (114) managers working in three private banks (Middle East, Trade Gulf and North) to verify the availability of Knowledge value added by using statistical means and comparison between them. Second, based on the Knowledge value added methodology which proposed by (Housel & Bell, 2001) to support the first tool and make a comparisons among the three private banks which was supported by the coefficient of creating intellectual value by knowledge means, this was based on Simi - structured interviews with (15) managers to identify the learning times, further, to know the ration of completion the banks processes through the information technology.The results of the present research are supporting all the propose hypothesis based on the experimental level except sixth hypothesis that dealt with finding the significant differences between the research sample banks, and the content analysis which been proofed through it that the Gulf Bank was superior based on return on Knowledge and the coefficient of creating the intellectual value, second and third placed were for Middle East bank and North bank respectively, in spite of the absence of significant differences between them as test (One way ANOVA). Based on the results we can recommend using the Knowledge as platform in the banks working environment and take advantage of the Competencies of its knowledge resource, then the research was closed by many suggested future studies.

تعزيز فاعلية نظام موازنة البرامج والاداء باطار نظريات ادارة الوقت == Enhance The Effectiveness of Programs And Performance System In Theories of Time Management Framework

Author name: جوان جاسم خضير العبيدي
Supervisor name: سلمان حسين عبد الله الطيار
Specific topic: Accounting
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الى دراسة مفهوم موازنة البرامج والاداء وتحليل ابرز النقاط التي تبنى عليها هذه الموازنة وبيان فائدتها وفاعليتها في فرض الرقابة على الانفاق الحكومي، وكذلك تسليط الضوء على مفهوم ادارة الوقت وبيان النظريات التي تبنى عليها هذه الادارة وبيان دور ادار | The research aims to study the concept of budget programs, performance and analysis the most highlight points that the budget depends on, also state its usefulness and effectiveness in the imposition of controls on government expenditures, as well as explain the concept of time management and explain theories the administration depends on also explain the time management roles with its theories and styles it offer when mixed with the programs and budget performance and it will lead to enhance control over government expenditures as well as assist in determining accurate estimates.The research achieve these goals through the following premiere hypothesis to enhance the effectiveness of control on government expenditure by depending on budget programs, performance framed by time management theories.This study has reached a set of conclusions we will mention the most important : 1 - Managers and officials in response to application programs and budget performance and enhance it with priority theories to manage time which enables the software to prepare estimates being known for managers that helps control government expenditures, it is then verified statement of planned targets achievements.2 - Budget programs and performance has a role in time loss reduction by identifying programs and timetables for the implementation of each program within the budget.The study has find the following : a - The need to adopt budget programs and performance by the ministry of finance - General Accounting Department in the preparation of state budget because it based on scientific and practical foundations in preparing estimates which will help to achieve future programs and imposition controls on government expenditures.b - The need to adopt priority theories by time managing in programs arrangement, also arrange activities in the program according to priority and importance which lead to the allocation of resources for chosen programs and then allocation the needed time to implement all the programs that helps in estimate expenditures for every program which helps in impose controls on government expenditures

مقارنة بعض المقدرات البيزية الحصينة مع مقدرات اخرى لانموذج GARCH(1.1) مع تطبيق عملي == A Comparing of Some Robust Bayesian Estimators With Another Estimators For Garch (1.1) With Practical Application

Author name: جنان عبد الله عنبر
Supervisor name: نزار مصطفى جواد الصراف
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعاني بعض السلاسل الزمنية من التقلبات او عدم الثبات في التباين مثل السلاسل المالية والاقتصادية والبيئية وغيرها, وقد يرافق ذلك وجود التلويث او القيم الشاذة في تلك السلاسل والذي يرافق عملية جمع البيانات في اغلب الاحيان ولاسباب عديدة قد يؤثر ذلك بشكل كبير عل | Some of time series suffer from volatility or instability in variation, such as financial , economic , environmental and other time seriesIt was accompanied by the presence of contamination or stray values in those chains that accompanies the data collection process often for many reasons, which greatly affect the estimation models parameters and thus makes the estimated models parameters and thus makes the estimated models are inaccurate and affect the future in the forecasting process this makes the process of estimation the traditional methods is not accurate and not feasible in practice and that is what led many researchers to find alternative methods of estimating for those methods reduce the impact of contamination and the volatility in the process of estimating the time series models,, including autoregressive conditional heteroscadestic models family (ARCH and GARCH). So the goal came thesis complement the work of researchers as thesis aims to find robust Bayesian estimators to the estimate first order generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscadestic model GARCH (1.1) when errors followed normal distribution, and that by proposing three robust Bayesian methods to estimate a method (y ?BM.Bayes) and method (BM.Bayes) and the reduced method (BM.Bayes Shrinkag). As was the use of certain methods of estimation models (GARCH), such as (MLE) traditional method of estimation and the method of (Bayes) and three robust bounded methods a (BM.Huber) and two methods by the proposed (BM.Hample) and (BM.Tukey). The use of simulation in the style of the experimental side for a comparison between the methods adopted in research using polluting ratios (0% 0.1% 0.10% 0.15% 0.20%) and volumes of samples (500, 1000.1500), In addition to the use of different values of the parameters it is found favorable proposed method (BM.Bayes) be when the values of the two parameters (?1, ?) close to each other when any correlation strength is high , Simulations were also on the values of the parameters of the real series that have been estimated in a manner program application (MLE) and some of them were far from any values that weak correlation strength , It turns out that the best method was the proposed (BM.Bayes.Shrinkag). In the practical side it has been stated in the application of the theoretical side of the building stages of the model and testing of those stages on a series of (1254) Show prices daily sales of Basrah, for the period (2 \ 1 \ 2008 - 31 \ 12 \ 2012) through the application of the proposed third method (the reduced method) (BM.Bayes Shrink) which was best when applied to the estimated values of the parameters in a manner (MLE) in the experimental side as it made less (MSE) and estimate the appropriate model GARCH (1,1) proposed the adoption of the reduced way (BM.Bayes.Shrinkag).

قياس اثر برامج الاصلاح الاقتصادي على الفجوة الغذائية في الوطن العربي : مصر, الاردن حالة دراسية == Measuring The Impact of Economic Reform Programmes On The Food Gap In The Arab Homeland : Egypt & Jordan (Case Study)

Author name: جليل كامل غيدان الجبوري
Supervisor name: سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The world order witnessed vast structural changes branded by rapidity and comprehensiveness which caused dramatical changes on many economical variables. It also influenced the social and economic situations to all countries whether developed or developing. So the developing countries find itself required to enter or adopt the policies of political reform imposed by the world economic environment factors, local factors represented by economic recession, increase in oil prices, aggravation of the crisis of foreign indebtedness, international increase of interest prices, the trend to globalization, the prominence of the private sector as a main axis to activate the economic activity and to undertake an effective role in the economic development. All these factors led to structural confusion in the economies of the developing countries, including the countries of the Arab Homeland. Food is regarded as an essential indicator for economic growth and a measure for the level of individual's luxury, so this study aims at showing the extent of the influence of the policies of the economic reform programmes used in the Arab World countries on the food gap represented by the difference between consumption and production hypothesizing that, these policies have positive and negative influences on the food gap. This study is divided into three chapters.The first chapter includes a theoretical vision for the economic reform programmes and its reflection on the food gap. The first section deals with the concepts of economic reform. In the second section, the food gap tackled, and the section devoted to the theoretical influences of the economic reform programmes on the food gap.The second chapter tackles the applications of the economic reform programmes and the food gap in chosen countries (Egypt & Jordan)..

طرائق تقدير عدد مرات الفشل في الانظمة القابلة للاصلاح

Author name: ثائر فيصل شاهر
Supervisor name: عبد المجيد حمزة الناصر
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الهدف من هذا البحث تسليط الضوء على احد اهم وابرز المواضيع المعاصرة في دراسات المعولية وهو الانظمة القابلة للاصلاح والذي يعني ان النظام الذي عندما يحدث فيه فشل فيمكن اعادته للعمل باصلاح بعض مركباته دون الحاجة الى ابدالها. والذي يحظى بتطبيقات واسعة وخاص | The main purpose of this research was to study one of the main modern subject which is very important in the reliability studies, it is the repairable system, which means that if the component fails it immediately repaired.These studies have widely applications in many systems like watching machine of cars, airplanes and communication systems, that is failure make huge materiel and humane losses.It is found that these systems submit to Poisson process in particular the nonhomogenous Poisson process, the main contribution in this research is the modification in estimating the number of failures in repairable systems, and the derivation the distribution of n - failures where the distribution is General Gamma.Finally, some new results obtain and a simulation experiments were done to compare the proposed and classical methods.

تصميم نظام كمدخل استراتيجي لتطبيقات الحكومة الالكترونية : دراسة حالة في مديرية التسجيل العقاري - البياع == Designing A System For Applying Electronic Governmen A Strategic Approch

Author name: بيداء ستار لفتة البياتي
Supervisor name: صباح مجيد سعيد النجار | عبد الرحمن حامد الحسيني
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يحظى موضوع الحكومة الالكترونية باهتمام كبير من مختلف المنظمات في الدول المتقدمة والنامية على حد سواء، وذلك لاهميته في مجال تقديم الخدمات الى كل من قطاع الاعمال، والمواطنين، وما بين الدوائر الحكومية نفسها، وعليه يهدف هذا البحث الى تصميم نظام ليكون مدخلا ا | This search was aimed to design A system in order to Applying electronic government A strategic Approch in which the researched orgainaization (Directorate of Real - Estate Registration / Al - Bayaa) to enter in its apply. The case was accounted to process the search, interview, vission, and field visits were made to the searched orginazation and the organizations related to it, and also depend on the special records and documents to collect the data wanted to observe the traditional reality of the system and the work patter (proceduure) followed currently, according to that we made use of checking list as a loot to collect the data and information, and using the percentage and the median as statistic styles to analyze these data, and also to define the extent of (range of) applying the electronic government strategy in it.The propsed system was designed by using the managing data base system (Oracle) (81,I) and it’s programs were written in the structured Query language (SQL) , and the reason behind using this developed system, was it represents one of the best systems to managing, high - level data base, specialized in managing the network or the related computers among the organization, in addition to what it offers of facilities in exchaging the information and documents and providing the services, because it had high abilities which allow it to be accurate in handling the data and the easyness in reaching it.The choice was focused on one of the landed procedures which were process of selling the land parts as a sample for the search, because it reaches the highest percentage out of the done landed deals for the period of (1 - 1 - 2002) to (31 - 12 - 2002) which represents (33%) from total.The search have come to some conclusions : the application of the searched organization to the electronic government strategy and through the usage of data bases management system (Oracle), will help in achiving the customer( Citizen) satisfaction through the reached time taken to complete the after it was consuming long period could reach to three months, and that was due to the system ability to store the information and data in quality and quantity and in an organized order, also not having rapid processes in collecting, entring and handling these data.

مقارنة مقدرات بيز الحصين مع مقدرات اخرى لتقدير دالة المعولية التقريبية لتوزيع ويبل == A Comparison of Robust Bayesian Estimators With Another Estimators To Estimate The Approximation of Reliability Function For Weibull Distribution

Author name: تهاني مهدي عباس الياسري
Supervisor name: مهدي محسن اسماعيل العلاق
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: من الملاحظ ان معظم البحوث والدراسات في مجال الاحصاء ولاسيما في حقل المعولية تهدف الى الحصول على مقدرات ذات مستوى عال من الكفاءة. لاسيما عندما تكون بيانات العينة قيد الدراسة ملوثة. او في حالة عدم التحديد الدقيق للمعلومات المسبقة او في حالة ظهور الحالتين م | It is noticed that most of the researches and studies in the field of statistics particularly in the field of reliability aiming to obtain estimators of very high standard of competency specially when the sample data under study is contaminated, or in the case of not determining accurately the previous information or in case both cases appear together. From here came the objective of the thesis to come to competent estimators of the approximate reliability of Weibull distribution which is considered one of the common failure models. Through studying the ordinary procedures represented in the maximum likelihood method and method of moments and white’s method as well as the ordinary robust methods represented by the method of M - estimate and bayes procedure as well. Therefore bayes procedure was suggested depending on natural conjugate prior function in addition to suggesting three methods according to robust bayes procedure where the first suggested procedure of robust bayes assumed that there is an extent of belief and to a certain percentage with the researcher (the percentage of the researcher falling into mistake in determining the primary information) where the accurate determination of the primary information has already been made which will be integrated with the sample prospects to obtain bayes estimater As to the second suggested procedure of the robust bayes it treated the problem of the sample prospects contamination or the primary information. Whereas the third robust bayes procedure suggestion had treated the problem of appearance of both problems together - that is inaccuracy in determining the primary information and the possibility of contamination to the sample views or the primary views as well, found a comparison between the studied evaluation methods by using the simulation procedure. It has been arrived to the success of the suggested methods in evaluating the approximate reliability of Weibull distribution depending on the two statistical scales (Integral Mean Square Error) (IMSE) and the (Integral Mean Absolute Percentage Error) (IMAPE).

تحليل اثر تقلبات السوق المالية على اسعار الصرف في عدد من البلدان النامية مع اشارة خاصة للعراق == Effect of Financial Market Volatilities On The Exchange Rate In The Number of The Developing Countries Including Iraq

Author name: بلال محمد اسعد محمود
Supervisor name: عماد محمد علي عبد اللطيف العاني
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الى تحليل العلاقة بين بيانات مؤشر السوق المالية مع سعر الصرف الاجنبي في عدد من البلدان النامية، مع اثبات وجود اثر لتقلبات مؤشر السوق المالية على سعر الصرف الاجنبي لعملة البلد الذي يشهد تقلبات في سوقه الاساسي للاوراق المالية، مع التركيز على حالة | This study aim at analyzing the relationship between the financial market index data with the foreign exchange rate in the number of the developing countries, with certifying the existence of an effect to the volatilities of the financial market index on the foreign exchange rate of a country currency that witnesses volatilities in its basic financial market, with focus on a case of Iraq state, by using models of (GARCH) Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedascity with used recently in analyzing and discovering the volatilities in the financial markets particularly and the risks resulted in, and an extent of results accuracy of this model has been tested by using Granger causality test.The study includes the daily data of a sample for seven states (Iraq, Saudia Arabia, Qatar, Tunisia, Malaysia, Indonesia, UAE) for the period beginning in 2/1/2010 and till of 19/11/2013, because these are developing countries enjoying with active markets of the financial indexes besides the exchange rate, and their economies are nearly similar as depending on a basic resource the oil exports or tourism at large and similar to Iraq case.There are two methods to discuss and analyzing the relationship between the volatilities in the financial market and the volatilities in exchange rate : the traditional method and modern financial portfolio method. The study concluded that states (Indonesia, Saudia Arabia, UAE) has analysis results were identical to the classical method saying that the exchange rate effects on financial market index, while other states (Malaysia, Tunisia, Iraq) had analysis results were identical to the financial portfolio method which emphasizes that volatilities in the financial market index effect on currency exchange rate of these states.The bi - direction relationship between the financial market index and the exchange rate was appeared clearly in the case of (Qatar) state, since the analysis of data series of this state showed the existence of mutual effect to the volatilities of the two financial and exchange rate markets. Granger causality test has come to confirm an accuracy extent and the rightness to the estimated relationship and its identification to the Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedascity GARCH (1,1) for the financial time series of the states as sample under study.

انعكاسات التوازن الدينامكي على الاداء التسويقي من خلال ادارة علاقات الزبون : دراسة تحليلية لعينة من المصارف الخاصة في العراق == Reflections Equilibrium Dynamism On Marketing Performance Through Customer Relationship Management Empirical Study Applying of A Sample of Iraqi Private Bank Sector

Author name: بلال جاسم القيسي
Supervisor name: سعدون حمود جثير الربيعاوي
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
Key words:
  • المصارف
  • الاداء التسويقي
  • التوازن الديناميكي للتسويق
  • ادارة علاقات الزبون, التحالفات الاستراتيجية
  • المنافسة، التشريعات والقوانين
  • رضا الزبون
  • ولاء الزبون، قيمة الزبون
  • الاحتفاظ بالزبون
First pages:
Abstract: الغرض : تسعى هذه الدراسة الى تقديم وجهة النظر القائمة على الاداء التسويقي للمصارف في سياق التوازن الديناميكي للتسويق وادارة علاقات الزبون. فانه يهدف الى تطوير انموذج لقياس الاداء التسويقي في ظل الانموذج الديناميكي للتسويق المتمثل بالتحالف الستراتيجي والتن | Purpose : This study aims to offer a point of view stands on the marketing performance of the banks in the context of the dynamic equilibrium of marketing and customer relations management. It aims to develop the prototype of the marketing performance measurement under the dynamic prototype of the marketing embedded by the strategic alliance, competition, laws, and legislations by the customer mediate relationships management embedded by the dimensions (Retention the customer, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and the customer value), and exploring any of the variations and the dimension most influent in achieving the performance. This study aims to discuss the importance role of the dynamic equilibrium of marketing and its function in achieving the marketing performance under the customer relationships and its impact on the Iraqi banking sector.Study Problem : summarizes the research problem set of questions, and it was the most important : What is the role of CRM in achieving dynamic equilibrium of marketing in achieving performance marketing for banks operating in Iraq?, What are the strategic appropriate, or variable the basic adopted by management policy banks about Alliance,The competition, to reach optimal performance?.Design/Methodology/Approach : The Experimental methodology used has been used in the current study application , the questionnaire used to collect data for the sake of developing a correct trustworthy prototype measurement for the dynamic equilibrium of marketing and the customer relationships management variable in addition to the marketing dimension, a test for the hypothesis through using some statistical processes. The sample was selected from managers and department heads numbered (100) person, and hypotheses were tested through the use of some statistical treatments, was the most important path analysis. The most important hypotheses are (increasingly dynamic balancing effect of marketing in the performance marketing mediately customer relationship management indicators. Findings : The study reached an agreement sample that marketing performance is affected directly in the dynamics of the industry, the intensity of competition, and the uncertain environment that includes (degree of predictability in the business environment), a prototype has been develop measuring variables dynamic equilibrium of Marketing (Strategic alliances, competition, legislation, and laws) with variables of marketing performance (focus on the customer, focus on competitors), through mediation relationship management client (to keep the customer, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, customer value), moreover, the results support the hypothesis of influence and correlation between variables surveyed.Conclusions and Recommendations : The study reached a number of conclusions, it is found that the most important contribution to the change in legislation and laws to bring about more positive changes performance marketing in the research sample banks, increases if the cross dimensions and customer loyalty more. Than it is through customer retention and customer satisfaction, while not appear legislation and laws in effect marketing performance through customer value. The study recommended that the need to invest progress of alliances and strategic competition, which was a high level of importance in strengthening the relationship with CRM customer Bmngarath (retain the customer, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, customer value), and the need to tighten managers of banks surveyed to activate the legislation and laws that was a high level of importance in strengthening the relationship with the customer Bmngarath (strategic alliances, competition, legislation and laws), and that attention by winning directors came as a result of the application of personal professional skills by the sample.Practical implications : This study provides a useful measure of the equilibrium of marketing, and customer relationship management, it helps managers to use it to assess the current situation in the capabilities of the banks performance. Managers may improve their performance marketing programs more effectively and efficiently through their strategic orientation towards competition and alliance.Originality/Value : This study undertakes to help the service providers in the banking sector to address the challenge of increased marketing performance and achieve the dynamic balancing of marketing, and how to keep the equilibrium marketing in achieving performance marketing.
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