الصفحات الاولى:

استجابة نبات السلق (Beta vulgaris var. cilca L.) للشد الملحي وحامضي البرولين والجبرلين == Response of Chard Plant (Beta Vulgaris Var. Cilca L.) To Salt Stress, Proline And Gibberellic Acids

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عبد الامير مظهور

اسم المشرف: انتصار حسين مهدي

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: نفذت التجربة في الموسم الشتوي للعام (2012 - 2013) م في احد الحقول التابعة لناحية الحر في محافظة كربلاء, لمعرفة استجابة نبات السلق للشد الملحي والرش بحامضي البرولين والجبرلين والتداخل بينهما في بعض الصفات الكمية والنوعية لبعض الاجزاء الخضرية والتكاثرية (ا | An experiment was conducted in the winter season of the year (2012 - 2013) in a private Al - Hur district in Karbala governorate, to find out chard plant response to salt stress, proline and gibberellic acids and their interaction on some quantity and quality characteristics to some parts of vegetative and reproductive (leaves, flowers and seeds) to chard plant (Beta vulgaris var. cilca L.).The design of the experiment was randomized complete blocks (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement with three replicate. The first factor was four levels of saline water (0(River water), 2, 4 and 6) ds. m - 1 and the second factor was seven concentration of proline acid (PA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (0(River water), 50PA, 100PA, 150PA, 50GA3, 100GA3 and 150GA3) mg. L - 1. Means were compared by using averages revised least significant difference (RLSD) at 0.05 probability level when the treatments referred to significant effect. The results showed : 1 - The negative effect of salinity levels on the qualities of the vegetative plant chard before flowering stage with the except of the dry weight of the root system, which had increased significantly with the level of salinity 2 ds. m - 1.2 - The negative impact of salinity levels in vegetative qualities of chard plant after flowering except root length, leaves chlorophyll content (a, b and total), nitrogen%, protein% and proline which increased with the level of salinity 2 ds. m - 1. as well as the potassium% in leaves with a salinity level 4 ds. m - 1 and dry weight of shoots with all levels of salinity and especially 6 ds. m - 1.3 - Gibberellic acid was dominant on proline acid in terms of chard plant by 150 mg. L - 1 concentration before flowering and 50 mg. L - 1. concentration after flowering while proline acid was dominant on gibberellic acid in dry weight before flowering and root dry weight of shoots after flowering, by 50 mg. L - 1 and potassium% in leaves and the protein% with 100 mg. L - 1 concentration.4 - The interaction between the salinity levels and acids concentrations add showed a significant difference in most of the traits of the plant, especially in combinations consisting of level 2 ds. m - 1 or comparison of saline with gibberellic acid by 150 mg. L - 1 before flowering and 50 or 100 mg. L - 1 after flowering while gave a combination of salinity level 4 ds. m - 1 with concentration of proline acid 100 mg. L - 1 higher of potassium% in leaves

انتشار انزيمات بيتالاكتاميز نوع OXA بين عزلات بكتيريا الزوائف الزنجارية في مدينة الديوانية == Prevalence of OXA Beta - Lactamaes of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Al - Diwaniya City

اسم المؤلف: رنا مشعل سالم

اسم المشرف: سيوف خومان علوان الرماحي

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

النص الكامل من المصدر: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B7-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The aim of This study is to determine the prevalence of OXA ? - lactamase in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical and other environmental cases in Al - Diwaniya Teaching Hospital using phenotypic and molecular methods.The Samples of the study were collected from various sources and they were 390 samples for the period from November 2011 to March 2012, and they includ (292 clinical specimens and 98 environmental sample), the results of cultural and biochemical tests showed that 50 isolates (39 of them were from clinical cases and 11 were from environmental samples), belonged to ps. aeruginosa, and their diagnosis were confirmed by 16s - ribosomal RNA, and the study showed that all the isolates containing the 16s - ribosomal RNA gene, which represents the designed diagnostic gene in this study.The results of this study showed that the higher rate of P. aeruginosa isolates was due to burns infections (23.68 %) , followed by respiratory tract infections (sputum) that were (15.38 %) and then the case to otitis media infections (12.5 %), and lastly that due to urinary tract infections (10.49 %), while the rate isolation from the environmental samples was (5.11 %) from the floor of burns department, followed by (10.8 %) from the medical instruments of department workers.It was noted from this study that the age and gender of the patients have some effect on the infection by P. aeruginosa it was recorded that the higher rate of infection was in patients older then 61 year old, and regarding gender, it was found that females are more infected than male, especially in urinary tract infections. The study showed that there is high rate of infection in the admitted patients, in older people and in those who need urinary catheterization, in addition to those with severe burns and those in the intensive care units. Drug sensitivity test had been carried out for all the bacterial isolates to 22 types of antibiotics by disk diffusion method of Kirby - Bauer, and this study had indicated that there was relatively high resistance from P. aeruginosa to ? - lactam antibiotics, aminoglycoseides, and fluoroquinolone. The results also showed that the studied isolates has possibility of producing broad - spectrum ? - lactames enzymes, and this is supported by the resistance of this bacteria to the third generation cephalosporins and to Alaztronam, it was also shown that there was difference in the resistance to carbapenems antibiotics, the resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem were 16% and 64 %, respectively. Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E also called (Colistin) antibiotics were also used, and the resistance rate %0 for Colistin and %4 for Polymyxin B, that means there was two isolates which are resistant to Polymyxin B and this resistance was a challenge to the success of therapeutic efforts. this study noted that there was 22 (44%) isolates which were resistant to at least three types of antibiotics, and regarded as multi - drug resistant (MDR) and Extensive - drug resistance (XDR) isolates were26 (52%) which was the higher rate among the three types of resistance, The third type of resistance was 2 (4%) which represents the resistance to all types of studied antibiotics (PDR). The ability of these isolates to produce broad - spectrum OXA ? - lactames enzymes groups was investigated thrrough detection of presence of genes blaOXA - 10, blaLCR - 1, blaOXA - 18, blaOXA - 1, blaOXA - 2 in these isolates by using the polymerization chain reaction enzyme technology] (PCR) it showed 50/50 (100%) isolates contain blaOXA - 10 gene, which belongs to the OXA group I, and the results of this study showed no amplification results for blaOXA - 18, blaLCR - 1, blaOXA - 1, blaOXA - 2 genes, which belong to the main groups of broadspectrum OXA ? - lactames enzymes which are OXAgroup II, OXAgroup III and OXA groupV respectively except OXA18 enzyme

تاثير المعاملة ببعض مبيدات الافات والمواد الكيمياوية في نمو الفطرين Alternaria tenuissima وFusarium oxysporum المرافقة لبذور وجذور الحنطة Triticum aestiumn == Effect of Some Pesticides And Chemicals In The Growth of Fungi Alternaria Tenuissima And Fusarium Oxysporum Associated With The Seeds And Roots of Wheat (Triticum Aestiumn)

اسم المؤلف: مهند جاسم حمود

اسم المشرف: عبد الامير سمير سعدون

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الفطريات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اذ تم في هذه الدراسة عزل عدة انواع من الفطريات المرافقة لجذور وبذور الحنطة تموز 2 مصدق 1وتم تشخيص تسعة انواع من الفطريات المرافقة للبذور وبنسب تردد مختلفة وهذه الانواع هي Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum , Alternaria tenuissima, Rhizopus stotanifer | As it was in this study to isolate several types of fungi associated with the roots and seeds of wheat July 2 certified 1 was diagnosed nine types of fungi associated with seeds and different frequency rates and these types areAspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum, Alternaria tenuissima, Rhizopus stotanifer P. digitatum, Fusarium oxysporum, A.flavus, Fusarium solani, A. alternata. Was diagnosed nine types of fungi isolated from the roots of wheat and the surrounding soil and different frequency rates and these types. A. alternata, A. niger, R. stolanifer, Mucor sp., Trichoderma hazianum, P. notatum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Alternaria tenuissima. Testing was diagnosed two fungal species tested using a technique monomer chain reaction PCR. These species are fungal Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria tenuissima. This study tested the effect of pesticides is a fungal pesticide jungles Granstar and insecticide Wide. The transactions chemical which urea and NaCl in the growth of some fungi isolated from the seeds and roots of wheat as it has been test the effect of different treatments and their interaction in the germination of seeds of wheat on the filter paper and compare nets comparison innate Elsa (Carbendazim) and underwent tests the effects of different treatments and their interaction in radial growth and dry weight of the two types of fungi isolated in the germination of their spores and bacterial length of the tube, as well as test the effect of transactions and their interaction in the germination of seeds in the soil sterile and non - sterile. The results showed that the use of urea and sodium chloride concentration of 15 mg / mL in the treatment of seeds of wheat led to increased germination of these seeds and the impact of a negative in some types of pathogenic fungi associated with them as well as the use of pesticides other than fungal pesticide jungles Granstar and insecticide Wide negative effect also in the vitality Activity and fungi.germination The results showed the existence of significant effects on rates of seeds treated with pesticides and salts on the filter paper analogy transactions comparison since given concentration 15 mg / 10 mL of pesticides and 15 mg / ml of salt are high in the germination of the seed treatment, which exceeded ratios germination of seeds of wheat treatment urea fertilizer treatment fungicide Elsa. As rate ratios germination of wheat seed treatment with urea 96.66%, while the rate ratios germination of seeds of wheat pesticide Elsa 93.33%, followed by treatment of pesticide Wide as rate ratios germination 83.33% and 80.00% for wheat seed when the focus 15 mg / ml of sodium chloride salt treatment, and after treatment Karan Star as the rate of germination rates of seeds of wheat 73.33%. The results showed the existence of significant effects in increasing the proportion of seed germination treatment with pesticides and salts in the soil sterile and non - sterile as it gave the Focus 15 mg / 10 mL of pesticides and 15 mg / ml of salts highest rates of germination of these seeds came these results are compatible with the results of seed germination in the filter paper. The results show that as well as the individual transactions were more influential than the transactions overlap in radial growth and dry weight of fungi testers and their spores germination rates and lengths of germ tubes, as growth rates of radiographic Fungi F. oxysporum and A. tenuissima in the treatment of a mixture Wide and Granstar 11.44, 8.55 mm, respectively, while the rates of diameters of the colonies for the treatment of urea pesticide Wide 33.66 and 26.66 mm, while the pesticide mixture Wide treatment with sodium chloride amounted to 37.00 and 15.00 mm, in while rates were diameters of colonies for the treatment of a mixture Granstar with sodium chloride, 52.66 and 25.00 mm, and the growth rates were radiography for the treatment of pesticide Granstar with urea 25.00 and 11.66 mm, and the growth rates for the treatment of sodium chloride with urea 31.24 and 37.33 mm, compared with the fungicide Elsa, which amounted to the radial growth rates of 8.55 - 11.44 mm Fungi testers respectively.

تاثير الاجهاد المائي والسماد الورقي والمخصب العضوي في نمو نبات حلق السبع الشجيري Adhatoda vasica (L.) Nees ومحتواه من بعض المواد الفعالة وفعاليتها المضادة في بعض بكتريا تسوس الاسنان == Effect of Water Stress, Foliar And Organic Fertilizers On Growth of Adhatoda Vasica) L.(Nees. And Its Content of Some Active Ingredients And Inhibition Activity of Some Dental Caries Bacteria

اسم المؤلف: ليث سريع الركابي

اسم المشرف: ثامر خضير مرزة

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الفسلجة

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: This study was conducted in Biology Department - College of Science - University of Al - Qadisiya that included pot experiment from the period of 1/4 to 1/8/2013, to assess the effect of water stress, foliar fertilizer (Foltron) and organic fertilizer (Azomin) on growth of Adhatoda vasica (L.) Nees and Its Content of Some Active Ingredients. Laboratory experiments were also done from the period of 1/8 to 1/3/2014, to determine the activity of leaves and roots extracts that resulted from plants of pots treatments to inhibit growth of some bacteria genera causing Dental Caries i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus pneumonia.A pot experiment included seventy two transplants (age of one month and 8 cm height) that were transplanted in plastic pots (one transplant per pot) in 1/4/2013. Pots were filled with sandy soil and peatmose 2 : 1 v/v. Plants Irrigated with two levels 50 and 25% of field capacity. Foliar fertilizer was used at three concentrations of 0, 3 and 6 ml/L that sprayed twice on plant shoot till complete wetness during 15/4 and 1/6/2014. Organic fertilizer was also used with irrigation water at three concentrations of 0, 4 and 8 ml/L twice on 1/5 and 15/6/2014. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement (2×3×3) with four replications per each treatment. Revised Least Significant Difference (RLSD) was used to compare treatment means at probability 0.05 level when treatment effect was significant.Results of pots experiment were as follows : 1 - Increasing water stress level caused a significant decrease in the most characteristics of vegetative and root growth except for stem internode and root lengths, while increasing in concentration of foliar and organic fertilizer gave the opposite effect of water stress.2 - Water stress caused a significant decrease in leaves content of total chlorophyll and nutrient elements N, P, K, Mg and protein percentage, while foliar and organic fertilizer caused a significant increase on the above characteristics.3 - Water stress caused a significant increase in proline percentage and Vit.C. and Vasicine and Vasicinone alkaloids, while foliar and organic fertilizer caused a significant decrease in proline percentage and Vit.C. and a significant increase in Vasicine and Vasicinone alkaloids.4 - The treatment of plants that were subjected to the water stress via foliar or root fertilizing or both of them caused a significant increase for most of vegetative and root growth characteristics, total chlorophyll, nutrient elements, protein percentage and Vasicine and Vasicinone alkaloids.5 - The treatment of plants that were underwent to the water stress via foliar and root fertilizing caused a significant decrease in proline percentage, Vit.C. and stem internode and root lengths.6 - The interaction of the three studied factors gave a significant positive effect to rise alkaloids of plant.Laboratory experiments included picking fresh leaves and root of plants that dried aerial in a shade, and then extracted it via methanol alcoholic of 70%, it was detected for some chemical components of extract by using reagents. Bacterial genera were isolated from the surfaces of the teeth and cultured on the growth media, and it was diagnosed by the Vitek Compact 2 System Diagnosis. The activity test involved the impact of the alcohol extract for leaves and roots to the inhibition of bacterial growth by the agar well diffusion method on Muller - Hinton.The design of the experiment was Complete Randomized Design (CRD) in a factorial arrangement (18×3) with three replications per each treatment. Revised Least Significant Difference (RLSD) was used to compare treatment means at probability 0.01 level when treatment effect was significant.Results of laboratory experiment were as follow : 1 - Increasing extracts concentration caused a significant increase in growth inhibition of the studied bacterial genera.2 - plants extraction that of the combination of A2B3C3 included (25% water stress, 6 ml/L foliar fertilizer and 8 ml/L organic fertilizer) gave the highest activated inhibition for bacterial genera compared with plant other extraction for all tested bacterial genera.3 - The plants extracted that treated by combination A2B3C3 in concentration 150 mg/ml gave higher activated inhibition for Streptococcus pneumonia reached 25.307 ml compared with Amoxicillin that reached 36.167 ml, while the inhibited extracted root reached for the same treatment 16.060 ml (Table 37 and 38).4 - Plants leaf extract was the highest effective inhibition of bacterial compared to the roots extract.

تاثير بعض عوامل المكافحة الحيوية في بعض الجوانب الحياتية للذبابة المنزلية Musca domestica L. (Diptera : Muscidae) == Effect of Some Biological Control Agents On Some The Biological Aspects of Musca Domestica (Diptera : Muscidae)

اسم المؤلف: علي مرتضى كاظم الياسري

اسم المشرف: محمد رضا عنون الحسناوي

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

النص الكامل من المصدر: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A.pdf

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية تقويم كفاءة بعض طرائق السيطرة الحيوية باستعمال الفطر Sorokin Metschnikoff)) Metarhizium anisopliae والبكترياBacillus thuringiensis var.israelensis ومنظم النمو Neporex Cyromazine) ) في المكافحة الحيوية للذبابة المنزلية Musca domestica | The present study aimed to evaluation of efficacy of some methods Metarhizium anisopliae Sorokin) Metschnikoff) Bacillus thuringiensis var.israelensis and Neporex) Cyromazine) from be used as biocontrol agents against (Diptera : Muscidae)Musca domestica L. The results showed the following : 1. Different concentration of Fungal suspension have been affected the life stages of Musca domestica. The mortality rate of eggs were (18.66%) at the concentration of 2 × 103 spore /ml, and increased to (36.66%) at the concentration of 2 × 106 spore /ml. The first larvae instars have showed highest mortality rate reached (83.33%) when treated with 2 × 106 spore/ml, while (56.66%) of them were dead at concentration of 2×103 spore/ml. (36.66%) of pupae of Musca domestica were dead when exposed to 2 × 106 spore /ml. The treatment with highst concentration caused high adult mortality, i.e. (96.66%) and (93.33%) for adult males and females of the Musca domestica respectively after 168 hours, while (70%, 73.33%) when treated with 2×103 spore /ml. 2. The secondary metabolities of fungi when applied, all first larvae instars of Musca domestica were dead and (96.66%) of the when tretead with concentration 100%, while (66.66%) and (63.33%) for the same larval instars at concentration 25%. 3. The result showed the different concentration of bacterial suspension affected the mortality rate of larvae of Musca domestica.The first larva instars have showed highst mortality rate which reached (76.66%) when treated with 2 × 105 spore /ml while (50%) of them where dead at concentration 2 × 102 spore /ml after 72 hours from treatment. 4. The effect of secondary metabolites of bacteria when applied, All first larva instar of Musca domestica were dead and (90.00%) when treated with concentration 100% and decreased to (73.33%) after 72 hours from treatment , the mortality rate of adult was (100%) at concentration 100% and decreased to (63.33%) after 72 hours from treatment. 5. The concentration of insect growth regulator neporex have effected , The highst mortality rate eggs was (37.00%), at the concentration 100 part per million, while (19.33%) at the concentration 25 part per million, , the first larval instars mortality at the concentration 100 part per million, was (96.66%) at the concentration 100 part per million while (66.66%) at the concentration 25 part per million.the mortality rate of pupa was (73.33%) while (30%) at the concentration 25 part per million after 72 hours from treatment

دراسة بيئية للطحالب الملتصقة على بعض النباتات المائية في مياه مبزل الفرات الشرقي (الحفار) / الديوانية - العراق == An Ecological Study of Epiphytic Algae On Some Aquatic Plants In East Euphrates Drainage Water /(Al - Haffar) Al - Diwaniya/Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زهرة كليب مهدي الخزعلي

اسم المشرف: فؤاد منحر علكم

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الاحياء المائية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية الخصائص البيئية المؤثرة على الطحالب الملتصقة على النباتات المائية في مبزل الفرات الشرقي (الحفار) في الديوانية - العراق, اذ شملت الدراسة قياس بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية لمياه المبزل والخصائص الاحيائية التي تضمنت دراسة كمية ون | The present study tackles ecological characteristics which is effected of Epiphytic algae in east Euphrates drainage (AL - Haffar) in AL - Diwaniya, This study included the measurement some of physical and chemical characteristics of drainage water, and biological characteristics which includes studying quality and quantity of Epiphytic, Three aquatic plants Ceratophyllum demersum, Phragmits australis, and Imperata cylindrical had been selected, Samples collected monthly during The period from November 2012 to October 2013.Three location have been chosen, the first is near AL - Abtan village, Second is after the first location five kilometers, while the third location is after the Second about seven kilometers. The study shows that the temperature of the air is about (7 - 39c) and water temperature is approximately (10 - 33c), while light penetration is about (10.5 - 63cm) the flow speed is (0.25 - 0.68 M/Sec), Water turbidity is (40.02 - 63.03 NTU), while Electrical conductivity is approximately about (3014 - 3964 Sc/cm). The results of the study shows that the water drainage Oligohaline, the salinity values ranged from (1.92 - 2.53‰), the total (T.D.S) is about (1741 - 2226 mg/l), while the T.S.S. is about (41 - 67 mg/l). The result of this study shows that the pH is limited Through all the period of the study (6.98 - 8.18), The drainage water get good airing dissolved oxygen values are(6.71 - 8.14 mg/l), biological oxygen demand are (2.05 - 5.23mg/l) and carbon dioxide values are about (81.50 - 119.57mg/l).The results of this study also show about that drain water is alkaline and belonged to bicarbonate ions, total alkaline is (140.28 - (189.27 mg/l) It is discovered that the drain water is too hard, hardness values are (512.15 - 612.45mg/l), while Calcium concentrations are (128.36 - 173.40mg/l) and Magnesium concentrations are (30.31 - 50.09 mg/l). Plant nutrients, N concentrations are about (0. 98 - 3.99 µg/l) of Nitrit, Nitrate concentrations are (216 - 415 µg/l) and Phosphate concentrations are about (0.9 - 2.92 µg/l), and The percentage of total organic carbon in the residues is(0.59 - 0. 17) %. The total number of epiphytic algae types which are diagnosed during study period reaches to 320 species belongs to 86 genera within 7 classes They are Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae Xanthophyceae, Dinophycea eand Rhodophyceae, Bacillariophyceae obtaints the dominion which reach to (183) species of Bacillariophyceae. It makes rate (57.19%).Than Chlorophyceae came concerning types number 68 species in rate (21.25%) , Following by Cyanophyceae 53 species in rate 16.56%. Euglenophyceae are 10 species in rate (3.13%).Xanthophyceae is represented in two species belong to2 genera.It makes proportion (0.63%) , Dinophyceae which represented in 3 species belonged to 3 genera in rate (0.94 %) and Rhodophyceae represented in one species and one genera in rate (0. 3%) of total number of algae.Class of the Bacillariophyceae, during study period were Navicula وNitzschia وCymbella وSynedra وAchnanthes, genera of Oscillatoria and genera of, Scenedesmus manifest that highest number of available types during the period of study.It has note that there are numbers of the monthly and located changes in total number of epiphytic algae on host plants.was varied in months and locations due to the host plants. Ceratophyllum demersum marks the Highest total number of epiphytic algae 172.89× 104 individual/ gm of wet weight in third location during April. Imperata cylindrica marks the lowest total number of epiphytic algae 3.51×104 individual/ gm of wet weight in scecond location during January, The total number of epiphytic on host plants ranges between (175.39 - 668.6) ×104 individual/ gm of wet weigh.The total number of main epiphytic algae classes is varied in total number of epiphytic algae.Bacillariophyceae diatoms composed 81.02%, in all locations during the study period, followed by Cyanophyceae composed 9.7%, while Chlorophyceae composed 8.6%.Euglenophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Dinophyceae and Rhodophyceae, were not important concerning their number. Statistical analysis results show there are significant differences between locations and months of study in relation to physical, chemical and biological features. Also there are connected correlations positive and negative between epiphytic algae and physical, chemical and biological features that measured during the study period of probability level of P<0.05.

دراسة نسجية مقارنة بين عضلات الصدر والارجل في نوعين من الطيور الطائرة وغير الطائرة في عمرين مختلفين == Comparative Histological Study Between Pectoralis And Leg Muscles In Flying And Running/Walking Birds In Two Different Ages

اسم المؤلف: تغريد حامد عبد الامير

اسم المشرف: هاشم محمد عبد الكريم العلاق

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تناولت هذه الدراسة عددا من العضلات الهيكلية في نوعين من الطيور الطائرة (الحمام) وغير الطائرة (الدجاج). العدد الكلي للطيور المستعملة 30 طائرا, 15 من الدجاج و15 من الحمام تمت دراسة بعض الخصائص الفسلجية والنسيجية للالياف العضلية الحمر والبيض والوسطية وحساب | This study deals with a number of skeletal muscles in two types of birds ; flying (pigeon) and running (chicken) types. The total number of the studied birds was 30; 15 were chicken and 15 were pigeons. Some of the physiological and histological characteristics of the muscle fibers (red, white, and intermediate) , the percentage of fibers diameter in the studied muscles, and the change noted in the muscle weight with advancing age had been calculated. The species of the chicken in this study was Gallus domesticus , while the species of the pigeons was Columba livia domestica. The muscles that is used in the study were : pectoralis muscle, femortibialis, triceps, biceps brachii, extensor carpi radialis muscle, and gastrocnemius muscles in two age groups of birds; (3 - 6) months and (6 - 12) months in order to know the changes in the weights, numbers, diameters, and sizes of the muscle fibers that occur with advancing age. The aim of this study is to identify the three types of the muscle fibers their role in the muscle movement and the regions in which there is specific type rather than others. The results had shown that the skeletal muscles in birds consist of heterogenous mixture of the three types of muscle fibers (red, white, and intermediate) , and the white muscle fibers are the predominant type in the pectoralis muscle of both types of birds, and the size of white muscle fibers in the pectoralis muscle in the chickens in the first age group was 73.8%, and in the second age group was 82.9%. While in pigeons, the size of white muscle fibers was 75.5% in the first age group, and 75.4% in the second age group. In addition, the present study deals with the relationship between the muscles weights and the age of the bird in that the muscles show increased weight with advancing age in both types of birds and there were significant differences in muscles weight in both age groups (p?0.05), while the triceps muscle did not show significant difference regarding weight between the two age groups in the same type of birds. The results of the study also show the differences in the diameter of the muscle fibers, that is there was continuous increase in the diameters with advancing age and show significant differences (p?0.05) , but regarding pectoralis muscle there was no significant differences in diameters with advancing age in both types of birds. The results of the study also show that the pectoralis muscle was the largest muscle in the body of the bird, and the ratio of its weight to the total body weight was relatively large.

دراسة تشريحية لبشرة اوراق بعض اجناس العائلة المركبة Compositae (Asteraceae) في جامعة القادسية == Anatomical Study of The Leaves Some Genus Compositae (Asteraceae) In Al - Qadisiyah University

اسم المؤلف: فرقد حيدر عبد النبي المحنة

اسم المشرف: ازهار عبد الامير سوسة

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: النبات

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

اسم المؤلف: ظافر ياسر عزيز الفاضلي

اسم المشرف: نافع صبيح جاسم

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض - الدواجن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة لتقييم مدى انتشار مرض التهاب القصبات المعدي الفيروسي في دجاج اللحم في محافظة ذي قار, قسمت منطقة الدراسة جغرافيا الى خمسة مناطق (شمالية, جنوبية, غربية , شرقية, مركزية) حيث تمت الدراسة على عشرون حقل دجاج لحم غير ملقحة اربعة قاعات من كل منط | The current study was conducted for evaluation of prevalence of IB in broilers in the Thi - Qar province, which geographically divided into five regions, (Northern, Southern, Western, Eastern and central area), twenty broiler farms without history of previous vaccination, four from each region were included in this study. Serum and autopsies were collected from affected birds after recording of the clinical signs that observed on the birds; positive serum samples that detected by rapid test were used for evaluation the antibodies titrations by ELISA technique, while the histological specimens (trachea, lung and kidney) were used for detection of histopathological changes and detection of presence of the IBV infection by molecular approach (real time - PCR). The clinical manifestation includes : typical respiratory sings of IB infections, with depression, rough feather, and assembling near the heat source, as well as some birds were found dead with mortality rate ranging between 30 - 80%. Also 96 serum samples were collected from other broiler farms as following ( 42 asymptomatic vaccinated, 54 asymptomatic non - vaccinated, 26 symptomatic vaccinated) for ELISA and real time PCR tests. The result of rapid test showed that the percentages were different among the areas of study when the southern area revealed the highest percentage (80%) among the others followed by the northern area and western (70%), then central and eastern(65%). The results of ELISA showed a high titer for antibody of IBV in all these farms in areas of the study, but the highly significant results (P<0.05) were found in the southern area(7032.2±1640.92) and then northern area (5722.18±2060.1), a less significant differences were in central and eastern areas (3188.11±742.45; 3161.8±52.6) respectively. In relation to age, the high titer of IB antibodies in total 20 farm by ELISA were recorded in 12 farms at 4 weeks of age (60%) followed by 4 farms at 5 weeks of age (20%), 3 farms at 3 weeks of age (15%) and 1 farm at 2 weeks of age (5%), while there is no recorded infection in farms at 6 ages. According to history of vaccination and clinical manifestation of tested birds, most of the tested flocks showed high level of antibody titers to IBV by ELISA technique in asymptomatic vaccinated chickens samples 38/42 (90%) followed by asymptomatic non vaccinated chickens 8 (14.8%) and symptomatic vaccinated chickens 6(23.07%). While rRT - PCR showed that 69 ( 80%) sample were revealed positive results. The most important gross lesion observed on immediately the necropsy after death were tracheal congestion, caseous exudates in the trachea, pneumonia, airsacculitis, pericarditis and perihepatitis, as well as, nephritis; while The histopathological changes were summarized by desquamation of tracheal epithelial cells and hemorrhage with infiltration of inflammatory cells specially lymphocyte cells, hyperplasia of epithelial cells with hemorrhage, lung sections showed severe infiltration of inflammatory cells mostly lymphocyte cells and severe congestion with spots of pneumonia and the histopathological changes in kidneys were characterized by tubules degeneration , glomerular distention with severe hemorrhage and lymphocyte infiltration.