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بحث في الاسباب وراء انخفاض اسهم الشركات الزراعية العراقية المساهمة بعد عام 2003 مدخل ستراتيجي == Search In Behind The Decline In Shares of Iraqi Agricultural Joint - Stock Companies After 2003 Causes Strategic Entrance

اسم المؤلف: سهام حسين سلطان
اسم المشرف: لورنس يحيى صالح
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ناقش هذا البحث في طياته اسباب هبوط اسعار اسهم الشركات الزراعية والصناعية واقتصر على عينة من الشركات الزراعية في القطاع الزراعي، وتكونت العينة من شركتين انموذجا، وتم جمع المعلومات والبيانات من خلال التقارير السنوية والنشرات الاسبوعية لسوق العراق للاوراق ا | This research has discussed the reasons of falling share prices of the agricultural and industrial joint stock companies, and this research was limited to a sample of agricultural enterprises in the agricultural sector and this sample consisted of two companies, the information and data has been collected from the annual reports and weekly bulletins of the Iraqi Stock Exchange, and Information from the sample research companies, a technique was used a descriptive analysis in the search of the causes of falling stock prices of these companies.The research pointed to the fundamental reasons that led to falling prices of agricultural and industrial joint stock companies as well as the abnormal circumstances which surrounding the agricultural and industrial sectors since the events of 2003 so far, a clear strategic plan in its goals has been used and it was a therapeutic strategy for agricultural and strategy for companies to circumvent industrial companies, and it emphasizes on the importance of the role of the government to support the industrial and agricultural sector by laws to protect Iraqi investment and the joint stock companies should concerned with the future and preparing for it.The research found many of the conclusions including raising the full support by the state from the industrial and agricultural joint stock companies which led to high production costs of the agricultural crops and industrial products, and the profits that have been gained by the joint stock companies considers a great importance from the point of view of shareholders as well as from the standpoint of Directors, therefore, it represents a key of common goal which the Directors should make efforts in order to achieve this goal and as well as the lack of commitment of accounting disclosure requirements by companies and the laws which issued by the Securities Commission.The research is ended with a set of recommendations.1 - State support to companies through the possibility of granting long - terms loans.2 - A company must distribute an annual profit target investor.3 - the obligation of companies to disclose accounting

العلاقة بين العدالة التنظيمية والرضا الوظيفي وانعكاسها فـي تعزيز سلوكيات الموطنة التنظيمية بحث تطبيقي في مكاتب المفتشين العامين == The Relationship Between Organizational And Justice And Job Satisfaction And It'S Reflection In Increasing Organizational Citizenship Behavior Applied Research In Inspector General Offices

اسم المؤلف: سلام سعد سريح الدراجي
اسم المشرف: سعدون حمود جثير الربيعاوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الرقابة والتفتيش
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يسعى البحث للتعرف على العلاقة بين العدالة التنظيمية والرضا الوظيفي وانعكاسها على سلوكيات المواطنة التنظيمية في خمسة من مكاتب المفتشين العامين، فضلا عن تشخيص واقع المتغيرات الثلاثة لدى موظفي هذه المكاتب ومعرفة علاقات الارتباط والاثر بين هذه المتغيرات ومعر | This research seek to explore the relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction and reflection of this relationship upon organizational citizenship behavior in five inspector general offices, In addition to determine organizational justice level and job satisfaction.And also determine the extent to which employees in these offices are engaged in organizational citizenship behavior, and identifying linking relation and effect between variables. Then identifying the nature of justice effect across job satisfaction in organizational citizenship behavior if its direct or indirect in organizational citizenship. There have been six main hypotheses to test linking relation and effect and so path analysis, that have been processed and analyzed using number of statistical methods.Population of this research consisted of (127) employees in inspector general offices.Questionnaire was main tool for data collection , the research employed ready scales for all variables involved, which were all subjected to reliability and validity test. The findings were perceived employees for organizational justice and job satisfaction was moderate level ,while results pointed out that employees showed high level of organizational citizenship behavior and there was significant correlation between organizational justice and job satisfaction and so with organizational citizenship. The effect of justice was significant in organizational citizenship across interactional justice. The study recommends increasing employees' perception of organizational justice and job satisfaction

مقارنة بعض طرائق تقدير المعلمة التمهيدية لدوال اللب متعدد المتغيرات وتوظيفها في الدوال التمييزية مع تطبيق عملي == Comparison of Some Smoothing of Estimate Methods For Multivariate Kernel Functions And Employs Them In Discriminants Functions With Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: سكينة شامل جاسم
اسم المشرف: لقاء علي محمد العلوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان التحليل التمييزي (Discriminant Analysis ) غالبا ما يعاني من مشكلة صغر حجم العينة ( SSS ) Small Simple Size خاصة عندما يتم تطبيقها لتصنيف انماط عالية الابعاد مثل (التعرف على الوجه، حركة اليد وحركة الجينات الوراثية و...)، او عندما تكون البيانات لديها | The linear discriminant analysis often suffer from small sample size (sss) problem.especially when they are applied for the classification of high_dimenssional patterns. Such as (face recognition) or when data is distributed normal distribution but when they are non _ linear and has spread widely. We are dealing with this problem by using a technique of kernel discriminant analysis. because this technique depends on the kernel density estimation which belong to the class of estimates. it is commonly perform Avery important technique for visualizing data distribution and smoothing. It is unimportant to procedure in the explanatory data analysis, as that used in kernel discriminate analysis well known by researchers. To identify statistical. patterns. it is also known that these estimates are. Based mainly on the choice of bandwidth parameter end controlled on smoothing of estimation and to choice kernel function. has been the use of carton methods to estimate band width parameter it is : plugin methad Least square Cross validation method Smoothed Cross validation method Are selected as a parameter of bandwidth and use in kernel density estimation (KDE( and then employ them in kernel discriminant analysis (KDA) approach. Through the joint base for groups is a kernel discriminant rule (KDR) which rely heavily on density classified (f ?_j) and probability of prior (? ?_j).therefore the problem of multiple class(The use of several variables) will be more important and visible to be parameter of bandwidth is different when compared with various densities classified. Finally, it was real data from the general blood cancer disease and style simulation application, as it was reached that way (KDA - SCV) is best when using the above standard compared with other methods because it gave the misclassification rate least.in the practical side results showed in such a way that nine people were the first (n1... n9) of the first group are infected with disease among 50 people is infected and 12 people from the second group infected with the Lisu people living with and they (n45... n50 and n1... n6 ).

المهارات القيادية ودورها في تعزيز الثقة التنظيمية : بحث استطلاعي في ديوان وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي == Leadership Skills And Their Role In Promoting Organizational Trust Analytical Resear At The Office of In Ministry of Higher Education And Scientific Research

اسم المؤلف: زهراء غانم مرجاح
اسم المشرف: سهير عادل الجادر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة عامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شكلت المهارات القيادية والثقة التنظيمية المرتكزين الفكريين اللذان استند اليهما البحث الحالي اذ مثلت المهارات القيادية متغيرها التفسيري فيما مثلت الثقة التنظيمية المتغير الاستجابي.يهدف البحث الى اختبار علاقة وتاثير المهارات القيادية بابعادها في الثقة الت | The research aims to test the relationship and the impact of leadership skills dimensions in organizational trust dimensions for the purpose of achieving its objectives were formulated hypotheses main relate to test the effect and the relationship between the variables of research for the purpose of testing those hypotheses applied research on a sample of heads of departments and officials of the people at the center of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, where the sample was composed (90) is responsible (Director of the Department, and an official Division) depending on the resolution as an essential tool for the collection of data and information and in order to test hypotheses and search scheme has been adopted descriptive analytical method in addition to the use of statistical analysis program (Spss) to get to the results. Based on the description of the research variables, diagnosis and testing of hypotheses and search scheme has come to a set of conclusions, including : 1.There is a significant correlation between the variables in terms of leadership skills and confidence in the regulatory Bmngarath ministry researched 2.The existence of a significant effect relationship of leadership skills in terms of the variables in terms of organizational trust variables in the ministry researched Based on the findings of the research findings has developed a set of recommendations, the most important was the need to invest and effect correlation between the research variables in the ministry researched in the future plans of the Ministry for the benefit of its data to improve performance and enhance confidence in the various organizational levels.

متطلبات النهوض بالصناعة التحويلية في ظل التحولات الاقتصادية تجارب دول مع اشارة خاصة للعراق == Advancement Requirements of The Manufacture Industry Under Ecomenical Transitions : Iraq Is A Case Study

اسم المؤلف: رياض جواد كاظم حمد المعموري
اسم المشرف: يحيى غني جاسم النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The conversional industry is the main driven engine for the large number of the developing countries it is the more effective tool for converting economy from low value activities to values generate fast development rate have the ability to provide more prospects for sustainable development, so that the support of the conversional industry sector be the main target for any Comprehensive developmental policy. The most important targets of our study are discovering the deviations imbalances may take place in Iraqi industry sector particularly the public industry sector searching for the level of the industry sector performance figure out the causes of the failures analyzing the future of the conversional industry under the economic transitions and the changes challenges which the surrounding conditions will excrete on it. This study aims to determine the effects economical and social expenses which are caused by the new economic trends which are represented by activating the free market mechanisms on the conversional industry sector as well as determining the general industries features which are best adapted to the economical transitions which are supposed to mitigate the pressure of the free market. Many international local conditions imposed core reforms on the conversional industries to be changed gradually from a economy driven by governmental decisions like governmental manufacturing to economy driven by market mechanism, so that this study tries to highlight the new international and local conditions are forced the economy to be market economy. Our example is the failure of the governmental manufacturing to achieve the economical objective is the sustainable growth.

الاستثمار في تكنولوجيا المعلومات ودوره التفاعلي في العلاقة بين القيمة المضافة لراس المال الفكري والاداء المالي : بحث تطبيقي == Investing Information Technology And Its Interactional Role In The Relationship Between Value Added Intellectual Capital And Financial Performance

اسم المؤلف: حنين خالد صالح احمد البازي
اسم المشرف: مصطفى منير اسماعيل
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة صناعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تحدد الهدف الرئيس من البحث بدراسة الدور التفاعلي للاستثمار في تكنولوجيا المعلومات بالعلاقة بين القيمة المضافة لراس المال الفكري والاداء المالي حسب ما تمخضت عنه مراجعة الادبيات على مستوى النظرية , بما فيها الدراسات السابقة, واستنباط اتجاهاتها المرافقة بقوة | The basic aim of this research is to study the interactional role of investing information technology on the relationship between value added intellectual capital and financial performance as literature review suggested on the theoretical level, including previous studies, with the deduction of its trends strongly predicted by research hypotheses and their content associated with the investment in intellectual capital after information technology tools being employed in this direction to improve the financial performance of the studied companies at the levels of both industrial and banking sectors verifying the possibility of achieving superior returns. In order to provide effective solutions to the research problem and answer its empirical questions, a non - random sample was chosen included (40) forty Iraqi Joint - Stock companies traded at Iraq Stock Exchange distributed evenly between industrial and service sectors with a research horizon of (3) years (2011 - 2013). Then, variables are measured and analyzed on the financial and statistical levels, descriptively and explanatory, using panel data analysis technique to examine the spatial variation (between) and temporal one (years). The measures of central tendency and dispersion, correlation and regression have also been used for statistical description and interpretation. Furthermore, after analysis of quantitative data of the sample companies were examined, and research hypotheses were tested on the two subsamples levels, it has reached to a number of conclusions confirm the validity of research hypotheses on the enhancement of investment in IT the relationship between value added intellectual capital and financial performance with positive trends as to banking sector; not the industrial one. Many recommendations have proposed the necessity of investment in intellectual capital which is expected to improve the efficient use of the organization's resources and adding value to it and to achieve an adequate return for the competitive positions in the market. Future works have also indicated focusing on other research designs in the way of scientific investigation and theory improvement.

العوامل المحددة لاستراتيجيات تسعير المنتج الصناعي في سوق الاعمال العراقية : بحث تحليلي في عدد من شركات القطاع الصناعي == Determinants of Industril Product Strategies In The Iraqi Business Market Pricing Search Analytical In Number of The Iraqi Industrial Sector Companies

اسم المؤلف: حنان صفاء علي الربيعي
اسم المشرف: نعمة شليبة علي الكعبي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يمثل التسعير مكانه مهمة من بين عناصر المزيج التسويقي ( 4ps) لكونه يمثل جانب الايرادات فيها التي بدورها تمثل احد الركائز المهمة من الموارد المؤثرة في بقاء المنظمات ونموها وتطورها , وان الاخفاق في تحديد مستويات الاسعار واستراتيجياتها له اثارا خطيرة على واقع | Pricing has an important position among the elements of marketing mixture ( 4ps ) as it represents revenues that in turn represent one of the important pillars' for resources affecting on organizations sustainability and development , and the failure in determining prices and their strategies has a dangerous effect on the organizations reality and future as a whole. from this point , we have chosen the title of this research named.This study is considered important because of pricing importance as it represents the resource that contributing in achieving companies objectives ( under research ) and enhancing their effectiveness , competition and position in the market. a number of industrial sector companies are chosen ; and the test of correlation and effect hypotheses for pricing strategy are adopted in this study. the sample tested is of the managers of industrial sector of ( Al - zawraa General company , Iraqi cement company , modern dyes company , General construction company , and chemical industries company ). data is collected of (102 ) managers of the company’s management , and questionnaire is used as an essential tool for data collection , in addition to that , personal interviews are made in the companies for the study sample. a number of computerized statistical techniques in spss system are used for handling data , and the factors effecting in them and their determinants.The most important conclusions of this study are , the companies lack for marketing departments , their pricing strategies are not clear , there is an effect of lawful and government factors on pricing directions. the study has recommended the necessity of decreasing government constraints on pricing for these companies, and choosing clear strategies suitable for the market and competition.

تاثير بعض عوامل البيئة الداخلية للمنظمة في نجاح التخطيط الاستراتيجي : بحث استطلاعي لاراء عينة من العاملين في صحة كركوك - العراق == The Effect of Some Internal Environment Factors of The Organization In Strategic Planning Success Exploratory Research of Health Employees Sample In Kirkuk / Iraq

اسم المؤلف: حسين صابر حسين جيمةغي
اسم المشرف: انتصار عباس حمادي الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتجسد مشكلة البحث في اطارها العملي بمحدودية الاهتمام بدراسة تاثير عوامل البيئة الداخلية للمنظمة والممثلة ( بدعم الادارة العليا، الموارد، مشاركة العاملين، الالتزام التنظيمي ) في نجاح التخطيط الاستراتيجي خصوصا في المنظمات الصحية. هدف البحث الى دراسة عوا | The practical framework of the research problem is the limited interest of the study on the effect of the internal environment and factors of the organization like (support of the senior manager, resources, employees participation, organizational commitment) to the success of the strategic planning especially in health organizations.The research aims to study the internal environment factors and its effect in strategic planning success in Kirkuk Health Department in Iraqi Ministry of Health through studying their capabilities and ability to study the health organization needs by studying a sample includes (100) person (general managers, head departments, and health centers managers).The data collected by depending on questionnaire then analyzed by using the statistical program (SPSS).The study finds out some important results to prove the research hypothesis that said there is a link between internal environment factors on strategic planning success.The study finds a set of recommendations that contribute in developing the mechanism that can be applied in Kirkuk Health Department also propose more future research in strategic management fields to accommodate the problems of the health sector.

استعمال خوارزمية البحث المتناغم المركبة لحل مسالة التخصيص التربيعية مع تطبيق عملي == Using Combinatorial Harmony Search Algorithm For Solving Quadratic Assignment Problems With Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: حسن عبد الستار ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: عبد المنعم كاظم حمادي الشكري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: بحوث العمليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتضمن هذا البحث ثلاث مراحل اساسية المرحلة الاولى تضمنت دراسة موسعة لمسالة التخصيص التربيعية (Quadratic Assignment Problem) من حيث الصيغ وطرق الحل والحدود الدنيا لدالة الهدف وبعض التطبيقات المهمة للمسالة والمرحلة الثانية تتضمن بناء خوارزمية لحل المسالة , ا | This research includes three Basic phases the first phase included an extensive study of the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) in the formulas and methods of solution and Lower Bound of objective function and some important applications of the Problem and the second phase includes construction of algorithm for solving the Problem, used Harmony Search algorithm in this research but added the improvement Procedures to increase the Performance of algorithm and speed up access to the optimal solution of the problem, The algorithm consists of two phases, the first phase will improve all the existing solutions in the Harmony Memory use some improvement measures is the property of Crossover used in genetic algorithm and also guided search to reduce the objective function, the second phase will depend on the Procedures of the Harmony search algorithm (HS) but using a new Improvise, The algorithm has proven its efficiency in solving the problem is resolved (15) standard problem from the special library of Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAPLIB), and compare the results with the local search algorithm (LS), Tabu search (TS), Simulated annealing (SA) after solving each problem (25) times and record the results of the algorithm shown open her with total access to the optimal solution (282) of the total (375) repetition of the test as the total reached the local search algorithm (2) Simulated annealing algorithm (117) and Tabu search algorithm is (174). The third phase of the research included the use of the (QAP) in the process of designing websites towers networks of the Ministry of Oil to connect the gas stations in Baghdad province to determine the main towers of the project where the use of the Combinational Harmony search algorithm in resolving the Problem after resolving the problem was determine the location of towers , sites first tower area (Yarmouk) as the second tower (Sadr City) and the third tower in the area (Karada) and fourth in the Tower (Adhamiya) and then use the Generalized Assignment model in distribution subsidiary turrets to The main tower and the new design of the towers the effectiveness of Quadratic Assignment problem in organizing sites.

توافق نظرية القيود والتحسين المستمر (كايزن) وانعكاسه على التكلفة والانجاز == Compatibility Between Theory of Constraints And The Continuous Improvement (Kaizen) And Reversing It On Cost And Throughput

اسم المؤلف: حازم عبد عزيز الغرباوي
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نتيجة التغيرات التي شهدتها بيئة التصنيع الحديث وما ترتب عن ذلك من احداث المزيد من التطورات في اساليب وتكنلوجيا الانتاج، الامر الذي يتطلب ضرورة تطوير الطرائق والاساليب الادارية بالشكل الذي يتناغم مع ما تطرحه بيئة التصنيع الحديث، وبناء على ذلك جاءت الدراسة | As a result of changes in the modern manufacturing environment and the consequential events further developments in methods and technology of production, which requires the need to develop methods and management techniques manner that is consistent with what posed by modern manufacturing environment, and therefore came the study to review Philosophy and ideas of both theory constraints (TOC) and continuous improvement (Kaizen), with the synergies between them, and a statement as to ensure economic units maximize the efficient use of available resources. Focused on the problem format question : Is that the application of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) in light of the use of continuous improvement (Kaizen) leads to solve the bottlenecks next to exploit the best use of resources and thus reduce costs and maximize achievement ?, Hence spawned the idea for the study of an integration of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and continuous improvement (Kaizen), and integration here does not mean to get into a mismatch, but should they get to the level of compatibility between them through a flexible base shared by the founding objectives of the study variables. So came the study in order to achieve the main goal of that : "the study and analysis of the possibility of achieving consensus among all of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and continuous improvement (Kaizen) and to highlight the impact of this agreement in the areas of cost reduction and maximizing achievement," In order to achieve this goal has to be the pursuit of other sub - objectives are as follows : ? assess the efficiency of the Theory of Constraints in the identification and management of production processes restrictions on the short - term.? study the ability of continuous improvement (Kaizen) in resolving bottlenecks and then make a real additions in the area of cost reduction.? study the feasibility of the theory of constraints in the rationalization of operating decisions standards, through the use of information generated by accounting achievement in choosing the optimal mix of productive, and the impact on Increase Throughput. In order to achieve the objectives of the study has been applied in the field in Wasit State Company for Textile Industries, knitting factory, Department of socks, because the study was based on the descriptive and analytical experimental method to prove the hypothesis, while the study of temporal boundaries extended period ,(1/1/2014 - 1/7/2014). The study found a set of conclusions in part, theoretical and practical, and most important : it is futile to apply the Theory of Constraints (TOC) form a single, but it should be applied orthoses one of modern management methods, which include Total Quality Management (TQM), the value VE Engineering)), cost based on activities (ABC), continuous improvement (Kaizen), and in line with the visions and strategies of economic units. The most important thing recommended by the study of studies and research future that are joining the Theory of Constraints (TOC) with a cost management methods, which include process re - BPR Engineering)), cost entrance on the basis of activities (ABC), the entrance of Value Engineering (EV), and the application in a lab Department of knitting socks and the extent of the feasibility of what is proposed format via the conclusion of this study regarding the cancellation or merge knitting stage as the activity is not necessary.

استعمال الخوارزمية المهجنة انجل في حل نماذج حقيبة الظهر في الشركة العامة للسكك الحديد == Using Hybrid Algorithm Angel To Solving The Models of Knapsack P In The General Company For Railways

اسم المؤلف: ايمان حسن هادي الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: عدنان شمخي جابر
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: بحوث العمليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد مسالة حقيبة الظهر (Knapsack problem) من مسائل الامثلية المركبة (COP) (مسائل تمتلك كما هائلا من الحلول البديله) ,ولما لها من اهمية من جميع الجوانب فيما يتعلق بخاصية الاستغلال الامثل للعناصر المحمولة بها ,اذ تم في هذا البحث دراسة مسالة حقيبة الظهر من | The problem of Knapsack (Knapsack problem) of the fitness problem composite (COP) (problem possess a tremendous amount of alternative solutions), and because of their importance in all aspects with regard to feature the best use of phones out of the elements, as it has been in this research study the issue of Knapsack in terms of models and methods and their applications to solve their importance and their uses in the broad economic aspects of being a help to maximize returns through optimal choice for portable goods that achieve the highest possible profit. As the issue and Knapsack (KP) belong to the complexity of the problem of the type (NP - - Complete) and does not possess the polynomial time algorithm was used meta heuristic algorithm solution because these algorithms possess speed of implementation and also the ability to access good solutions in a reasonable time, as was the use of hybrid algorithm (ANGEL) consisting of three meta heuristic algorithms to resolve the matter (optimize ant colonies algorithm (ACO) local search procedure (LS) and the genetic algorithm (GA)). The first stage is the use of ant colonies optimization in building a set of solutions and then improves them through local search and then using genetic algorithm considering society resulting from the previous stage is the first community of genetic algorithm. Hybrid algorithm proved (ANGEL) speed and proficiency in access to good solutions when compared with Simulated Annealing algorithm (Simulated Annealing) genetic algorithm (Genetic Algorithm) after solving (10) problems randomly generated test different sizes (50 - 1000) and the average earnings when using hybrid algorithm (ANGEL) (23878.6) while Simulated Annealing algorithm (Simulated Annealing) (1603.257) genetic algorithm (Genetic Algorithm) (15555.64), The average time spent for hybrid algorithm (ANGEL) (726.908) seconds, while the time it takes to both algorithm (Simulated Annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm) respectively is (21953.25) (39432) again, and the results were also compared with a hybrid algorithm of conventional roads branching algorithm and seized (Branch and Bound) in terms of the time it takes to reach an optimal solution, where the average time year hybrid algorithm (ANGEL) (726.908) seconds while branching and selection algorithm (23582.98) again and finally use issue in maximizing the proceeds of public company To Iraqi railways amounted to gross profit (31,193,349).

المعرفة الضمنية وانعكاسها في عملية الرقابة المالية بحث ميداني في ديوان الرقابة المالية الاتحادي == Tacit Knowledge Reflected In The Financial Control Process A Field Research In The Federal Board of Supreme Audit

اسم المؤلف: اياد هادي خليل البياتي
اسم المشرف: ناظم جواد عبد سلمان الزيدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الرقابة والتفتيش
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يركز موضوع البحث الحالي الى التعرف الى مستوى المعرفة الضمنية في الجهة الرقابية العليا في العراق والمتمثلة بـ(ديوان الرقابة المالية الاتحادي )، وعملية الرقابةالمالية التي يقوم بها الديوان، في ضوء التحديات التي تعيشها المنظمات الرقابية في محاربة الفساد الما

نحو رؤية استراتيجية لتطوير الهيكل التنظيمي لديوان الوقف الشيعي : دراسة تحليلية لواقع حال الهيكل التنظيمي لديوان الوقف الشيعي == Towards A Strategic Vision To Develop The Organizational Structure of The Shiite Endowment

اسم المؤلف: امير مطلك عبد الامير حسين الجشعمي
اسم المشرف: غني دحام تناي الزبيدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يحاول البحث وضع رؤية استراتيجية لتطوير الهيكل التنظيمي لديوان الوقف الشيعي بما ينسجم والتوجه الاستراتيجي للديوان بما يضمن تحقيق اهدافه. وقد تم استعمال اسلوب دراسة الحالة من خلال المعايشة الميدانية للبحث والاطلاع على الوثائق والهيكل التنظيمي واستراتيجية ا | This research tries to create a strategic vision for developing the The organizational structure of the Shiite Endowment that’s line up with the strategic its direction and ensure achieving its goals. The case study method have been used through Field homeliness & accessing the official documents , Viewing the organizational structure & strategy of the court beside the Personal interviews with Endowment official managers. one of the main result that have been reached through this research was the Diagnosis the presence of high Centralized and formal approach along with Complexity of Repeating the Official correspondence daily routine that contain the insist of regulations Commitment, instructions , orders, and written procedures which all the employees have to obey , with the exception of some authorities grated to the Chief of Staff management & financial deputy Related to the exchanging of money and issuing administrative orders.In addition to the above , the presence of weak horizontal communication & coordination system between the court office's have been diagnosed with the The absence of twinning in the geographical formations structure between public departments and directorates in the provinces. One of the research most important Proposals was implementing An internal system to the Court 's structure to clarify the instructions and tasks assigned to all formations according to Law No. (57) for the year 2012,and Forming a strategic planning team in the planning and follow - up office , headed by the Director General of the office and membered by the department managers and owners of competence in the planning and follow - up departments that handle the process of Preparing the court's strategic plans alongside with the specialized Consulting firms coordination , beside granting some general managers authorities to the departments managers & Units officials (horizontal distribution) to ensure information exchange & fast work achievement Without referring to official letters and correspondence to reduce the daily official routine work.

قياس وتحليل دالة الطلب على الواردات الزراعية في العراق للمدة 1980 - 2010 == Measuring And Analyzing The Demand Function For Agricultural Imports In Iraq For The Period 1980 - 2010

اسم المؤلف: اسراء سليم كاطع الربحاوي
اسم المشرف: سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الموضوعات المتعلقة بالتجارة الخارجية مجالا واسعا للمناقشات واهتمام الاقتصاديين وذلك لاسهامها الفاعل في عملية التنمية الاقتصادية في اقتصاديات الدول لاسيما النامية منها. ويشكل جانب الواردات من السلع والخدمات في التجارة الخارجية جزءا مهما للاقتصاد المح | Foreign trade captures the interest of economists for its contribution to the process of economic development, especially in developing countries. In addition, imports of goods and services constitute an important section in foreign trade by which a country gets what local economy cannot produce because of the incompetent base of production. Hence, the measurement and analysis of the demand function of agricultural imports in Iraq gain special significance due to the reliance of the Iraqi economy on foreign trade to secure many agricultural products.In this work, the demand function for agricultural imports in Iraq has been estimated through the technique of auto - regressive distributed lag (ARDL) and the bounds test to measure and analyze the co - integration for long and short - run relationships among the demand for agricultural imports, relative prices, GDP, and foreign reserves. In addition, the relationship between the variables has been tested through the technique of impulse response function (IRF), which measures the impact of a shock on an internal variable on the current and future values of the other internal variables in the VAR model.This thesis includes three chapters, each containing several studies, in addition to a preface, the goal of the study, and a literature review. Chapter 1 introduces an economic framework of the theory of demand in two sections, one about the concept of demand and the factors influencing it and the other on international trade and its relationship to demand in different economic systems. Chapter 2 dicusses the reality and evolution of agricultural foreign trade in Iraq for the period 1980 - 2010. Finally, Chapter 3 introduces the econometric analysis for the demand on agricultural imports and their determinants using the ARDL model and the IRF. The statistical analysis has been performed using EViews 8 and Microfit 5.It has been found that the increase of total and agricultural imports for the interval 1980 - 2010, especially after the year 2003. It has also been found that the average compound annual growth of total and agricultural imports for the same interval is positive with an amount of 5.4% for total imports and 3.6% for agricultural imports. The relative importance of food imports has been found to constitute 99% of total agricultural imports, whereas that for the means of production is very small ranging from 4.4% in 1980 to 0.3% in 2010. On the other hand, short - term elasticity shows an increment of 1% in relative prices causes a decrease in the demand on agricultural imports by 24%. In addition, an increase of 1% in GDP and foreign reserve leads to an increase in the demand on agricultural imports by 19.16%. Furthermore, long - term elasticity that a relative price increment of 1% leads to a reduced demand on agricultural imports by 42%. The IRF shows that a change in relative prices of 1% leads to reducing the demand on agricultural imports by 20% in the second year then it increase to reach 36% in the tenth year, while a change in GDP of 1% leads to an increase in the demand on agricultural imports by 3% in the second year then it decreases to 5% in the tenth year. And, a change of 1% in foreign reserve increases the demand on agricultural import by 9% starting from the third year, reaching up to 17% in the tenth year. Accordingly, it is concluded that the relative prices play an important role in determining the demand on agricultural imports.This study recommends the necessity of setting forth agricultural policies to protect and develop the national product through the support of prices and the means of production, and limiting the impact of agricultural imports on national products in terms of quality and price. Furthermore, it is recommended to activate imports - related trade policies such as customs tariff, for the sake of supporting the national product and increasing the contribution of the agricultural sector in the making of the GDP

مقارنة دوال كثافة الطيف للسلاسل الزمنية غير المستقرة لحجوم عينات غير متساوية مع تطبيق عملي == Comparing Spectral Densities of Non - Stationary of Time Series With Unequal Sample Sizes

اسم المؤلف: احلام حنش كاطع
اسم المشرف: لميعة باقر جواد الجواد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في هذه الاطروحة تم تقدير المسافة بين اي دالتي كثافة طيف لسلسلتين زمنيتين غير متساويتين في الطول مع ادخال عامل الزمن والتردد ومن ثم اختبار التشابه والاختلاف وفق الاختبار الاحصائي (Nievau - ?) من خلال المقارنة بين دوال كثافة الطيف لسلاسل زمنية شبه مستقرة ال | In this thesis the distance between any two spectrum density functions not equals in the length estimated with interring time and frequency factor then testing the similarity and difference according to statistical test (Nievau - ?) through the comparison among spectrum density functions for non - stationary time series and have a diffirent length (sizes). There are many methods for estimating spectral density functions for non - stationary time series, Therefore we study three different methods which are an important methods where every method holds more characteristics of spectral density functions which are : Evolutionary spectrum method, Wigner - Ville spectrum method and Short - time periodogram method. A forth method suggested depends on shrinkage principle called Shrinkage method which is combines the characteristics of these methods and with a deferent weights p_(1 ,) p_2 where the mathematical derivation for computing weights to the past methods and finding the best weights that gives the smallest MSE has been done.Then a comparison among these four methods to select the best method for applicant it in Oral part using (MAPE)criteria. A simulation experiment conducted on a semi - stationary time series which is a special case of non - stationary time series that follows elated process with the from : x(t)=c(t)x_t^0 Where : C(t) is a function depends on t only, x(t) is a stationary time series follows ARMA(p,q) models with different parameters and different sample size, The result of simulation shows that suggested method (shrinkage method) for spectral density is the best in all of models and sample sizetherefore the best method in estimation is used in oral part to estimating the spectral density concentration of airborne particles (TSP) of three stations (Jaderyah, Andalus, Al - Alawi ) in Baghdad province contains the interval ( 2005 - 2011) measured monthly and this series are different in length, the distance between any tow series are estimated then tested The result show that there are no convergence between density function for the spectrums of these three series that’s mean there are a different in air pollution for the three regions according to its nature

العوامل المؤثرة في تسرب طلبة مدارس مدينة بغداد : دراسة احصائية == Factors Affecting Schools In The City of Baghdad Leak Students : A Statistical Study

اسم المؤلف: ياسر كاظم حميد
اسم المشرف: لقاء علي محمد العلوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء التطبيقي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد موضوع التسرب المدرسي من المواضيع المهمة والمشاكل الكبرى التي لا بد من الوقوف على اسبابها ونتائجها وطرق علاجها اذ ترتبط هذه المشكلة بمشاكل اجتماعية واقتصادية كبيرة لذلك سلطنا الضوء على هذه المشكلة وتداعياتها مستعينين بالبيانات المتوفرة في مؤسسات الدولة | is the subject of school dropout important topics of the major problems that must stand on its causes and consequences, and methods of treatment as the problem associated with significant social and economic problems so we highlighted this problem and its implications with the aid of data available in state institutions, especially in the Ministry of Education and were available to prepare students Registered in Baghdad and prepare dropouts students and also the Central Bureau of Statistics (NBS) data associated with this particular such as MICS 2006 Cluster Survey of socio - economic survey of the family 2007 survey unemployment 2008 survey see Iraq network 2011 and socio - economic survey of the family 2012 In order to reach the most important reasons that lead to school dropout has been the number of census form questionnaire and listed the reasons for the demographic, social and school drop - outs, where we then analyze the resulting data in a manner factor analysis to get to the inter results and interpretation, and also the use of contrast binary analysis to compare the effect of years and regions Baghdad to prepare students and dropouts also multiple comparison methods to determine the variables that caused the statistical differences, such as the moral differences between 2006 and 2007 for the preparation of students who drop out and moral differences between the departments Rusafa1 and Karkh3 And the programs that are used in the search Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program and the program of geographic information systems (GIS) and software (Excel).

قياس وتحليل العلاقة بين توزيع القوى العاملة ومعدلات النمو الاقتصادي في العراق للمدة 1986م - 2010م == Measurement And Analysis of The Relationship Between The Workforce And The Distribution of Rates of Economic Growth In Iraq For The Period 1986 - 2010

اسم المؤلف: وصال عبد الله حسين
اسم المشرف: سعد عبد نجم عبد الله العبدلي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم عرض النظريات الاقتصادية واراء الاقتصاديون ومناقشاتهم بشان عرض القوى العاملة والاليات التي تؤثر بالطلب عليها في سوق العمل لاجل تحقيق التوازن الاقتصادي، كما عرضنا لمسار تطور علاقات تشغيل القوى العاملة في اطار نظريات النمو والتنمية الاقتصادية. ثم حاولنا ت | The research presents the economic theories and opinions of economists and their discussions about the presentation of the workforce and mechanisms that affect the demand in the labor market in order to achieve economic balance. The evolution of the workforce in the context of the economic growth and the development theories has been presented also. Then we try to analyze the actual of Iraq's population for the years (1986 - 2010), their development and distribution rates according to age and gender groups and the environment. It is also important to mention the indicators of growth in GDP in Iraq and its relationship to run the workforce.In order to complete all the requirements of our research so it is important to enhance the theoretical and analytical framework by a standard form, Bonmozj, on studying and analyzing the phenomenon that we are trying to prove about the effect of the distribution of manpower on the economic growth indicators in Iraq. The use of standard forms helps in analyzing the economic phenomena and the interaction that occurs between them, to find out a suitable explanation for the movement of the economic changes that affect the economic growth indicators in Iraq and then to get benefit from the results that could be occur in the imbalances in the distribution. This is what the third chapter is about. The chapter is divided into three sections. The first section includes the theoretical framework for the style factor analysis, while the second section deals with the analyzing of the distribution of workforce in the Iraqi economy by using the style of factor analysis to find out which factors have the biggest impact and priority on the growth indicators. In the third section the regression analysisis used to indicate the effect of the factors of workforce distribution on the indicators of the economic growth.In the end, the review of the most important conclusions and recommendations reached by the research.

قياس وتحليل اتجاهات النمو الاقتصادي في دول عربية مختارة مع التركيز على العراق للمدة 2000 - 2013 == Measurement And Analysis of The Trends of Economic Growth In Selected Arab Countries With A Focus On Iraq For The Period 2000 - 2013

اسم المؤلف: مينه عبد الحسين كريم الفتلاوي
اسم المشرف: احمد خليل الحسيني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد دراسة النمو الاقتصادي لاي بلد من المواضيع المهمة والصعبة لان اهميته تتاتى من ضرورة استمرار تاثر النمو الاقتصادي وتطوره واستدامته مع الزمن من اجل تحقيق هدف التطور وتعزيز الرفاه الاقتصادي لعدد السكان الحالي والمستقبلي. فان عملية النمو للبلدان العرب | The study of the economic growth of any country is an important topic and it is difficult at the same time its importance comes from the need to continue to be affected and the evolution of economic growth and sustainability over time in order to achieve the goal of developing and promoting the economic well - being of the number of current and future population.The growth process of the Arab countries selected in the study (United Arab Emirates, Egypt) may be an easy and understandable. There is no need to complicate it for the enjoyment of their economies, the kind of stability and diversity of resources, while in Iraq, the issue is complex and thorny for of several aspects, some dating back to previous eras and the other due to political and security events experienced by the country up to the present.Therefore, the study cited in the first chapter (theoretical framework for economic growth and economic development) are distributed in three sections are : - Section one : - Theoretical framework for economic growth.Section two : - Sources of economic growth.Section three : - Theoretical framework for economic development.Chapter two is divided (analysis of Economy variables for the sample countries and Iraq for the period (2000 - 2013)) into three sections : - Section one : - Analysis of the UAE economy variables.Section two : - Analysis of the Egyptian economy variables.Section three : - Analysis of the Iraqi economy variables.Chapter three (the measurement and analysis of the economic growth of the sample countries and Iraq for the period (2000 - 2013)) deals with two topics namely : - Section one : - Characterization and formulation of standard models.Section two : - Determination and analysis of standard forms elected.The third chapter is tests the Stability of growth indicators included in the standard models by testing unit root (Test Dickey Fuller expanded), where the results indicate that the growth indicators of the UAE and Egypt are stable at the second difference and the level of significance is of 5%. As in Iraq, the indicators of growth has stabilized in the first difference and the level of significance is of 5%. also tests the common integration (Johansen) to see if there is a long - run equilibrium relationship between economic variables? It has a test of causality (Granger) to see the mutual influence between the growth indicators Is it a one - way? Two - way? Or there is no effect ?these variables to help determine the knowledge of what has been achieved of this development of whether this development is purposefully directed through economic plans or was the will of fate ; and that this is what has already been achieved in accordance with the curriculum adopted since been reviewed economic growth indicators has been reviewed by Digital facts and at the macro level for the period (2000 - 2013) in addition to using economic methods of measurement through a production function model (Cobb - Douglus) and the model of (Kaldor) and methods of mathematical measurement through model (Harrod - Doumar) to know the level of economic growth in those countries as well as in support of the analysis which was based on Digital facts. Where it turns out that the best model for the Production Function (Cobb - Douglus) is in Egypt, where the flexibility of the labor (salaries and wages) 0.23 and flexibility of the total fixed capital formation 0.22, the best model for Kaldor is in the UAE productivity parameter which was larger than the one is 2.174 denoting a high production efficiency, and the best model of Harrod - Doumar was in Iraq as the Iraqi economy achieved a maximum rate of economic growth in 2004, reaching 35.13%.

طريقة النقطة العائمة لحل مشكلة النقل ذات القيود الاضافية ومقارنتها مع الطرق الحديثة مع تطبيق عملي == Floating Point Method To Solve The Transportation Problem With Additional Constraints And Comparing Them With Modern Methods With Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: لؤي امير عدنان
اسم المشرف: فاتن فاروق صالح البدري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: بحوث العمليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعتبر مشكلة النقل من الاساليب الرياضية المهمة المساعدة في عملية اتخاذ القرار الملائم في نقل كمية من المواد السلع من مصدر تصنيعها الى مراكز الطلب المتعددة بهدف سد حاجة هذا المراكز وباقل التكاليف الممكنة.وفي هذه الرسالة تم عرض انموذج لمشكلة النقل مع القيو | The problem of Transportation is considered one of important mathematical methods , that helps in making suitable decision for Transportation amount of materials goods from the manufacture resource to multiply centers of demand, in order to fulfill the need of this centers and at minimum possible costs, In this research it was presented a model of the transportation problem with additional restrictions and resolve this model by using the method of floating point to find the optimal solution to the transportation problem with additional restrictions, this method is considered one of the modern and very important methods for administration and economic decisions makers , And also the use of genetic algorithm to solve linear model approach to the problem of transport with additional restrictions for the purpose of comparing results, as well as the use of the simplified method of linear programming (Simplex) to resolve the problem of linear specimen transport with additional restrictions.The above methods were applied to solve the problem of the transfer of gasoline product from warehouses to filling stations in Baghdad / Rusafa with an additional restriction on the proportion of additives in gasoline in the State Company for Oil Products Distribution / center branch. It was reached good results in reducing transport costs in every way. After comparing our findings show that the floating - point method is the best, as the total cost of transportation which was (2,988,333.71) and followed by linear programming method Tcalf total (3,025,801) and the method of genetic algorithm total costs (3,579,900).

مقارنة طرائق تقدير المعلمات ودالة المعولية لتوزيع lambda ذو الاربع معلمات مع تطبيق عملي == Comparison of The Methods of Estimating The Parameters And Reliability Function For The Lambda Distribution With Four Parameters With Practical Application

اسم المؤلف: ليماء عبد الجبار داود الحلفي
اسم المشرف: انتصار عريبي فدعم الدوري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: من المشاكل التي تواجه محلل البيانات هو معرفة الانموذج الاحصائي الملائم الذي يصف الظاهرة المدروسة, ومن اكثر النماذج شيوعا ما يدعى بالتوزيع الاحتمالي(Probability distribution) ولكن الجزء المهم في عملية تحليل البيانات والتي قد تكون مشكلة في بعض الاحيان هي ا | One of the problems which the data analyst has faced is how he can know the appropriate statistical models which describe the studied phenomenon. The most popular models is called (contribution probability ), but the most important part of the data analysis process which can be a problem sometimes , is to find appropriate contribution probability for data to present and analysis data through which reasoning the dimensions of the studied phenomenon accurately. One of these contributions is (Generalize Lambda Distribution) with its four parameters which has been studied by researchers Ramberg and Schmeiser in (1972 - 1974) and others in later periods, they take its importance and usage, it is a continuous probability contribution known through (Quantile function), and it is consider as one of the Quantile distributions, characterized by having four parameters, making it more flexible, public and takes various forms, its importance appears in stimulating studies as the form of definition imply as a simple algorithm for generating random numbers , and also it can be near to many continuous probability contributions such as (regular, whipple, exponent, normal, F. distribution) etc., depending on its parameters values, this feature gave it a special importance in its ease of use in the simulation of distribution which has no closed inverse function, as well as compensation the lost value of the data to which access is difficult to determine its real phenomenon through its capability in stimulation a statistical models. This contribution can be appropriate for data when it is unknown data distribution, it is also an alternative representation of data for distribution in the mixture of data which are difficult to present in some cases in single contribution without resorting to a mixture of distribution, these features enabled the researchers in dealing with one contribution for one phenomenon or different states of the same phenomenon instead of dealing with different contributions, for this features the (GLD) contribution has been used in many areas, including quantity control, reliability, metrological and others, it is the distribution which is appropriate for many phenomenon that showed its importance in solving the great problem of appropriate data through evaluating its parameters and performing well - conformity test. In this thesis the Generalize Lambda Distribution has been used as a model for the times of the failure to estimate the reliability function as in sometimes it is difficult to determine the appropriate probability distribution at failure times. The GLD has its ability to present failure times whether its distribution is known or unknown this was due to the features which it has. Its importance has been studied in two forms (RSGLD, FMKLGLD) and evaluated its four parameters (?_1,? ??_2,? ??_3,? ??_4) by using (moments, linear moments, ratios percentage, and least squares) methods, with the numerial algorithm method (Downhill Simplex) which accompanied the evaluating method. Also the researcher has been reached to a method in which evaluation is made by the expanding of numerical work method which accompanied with evaluation methods, and named (Downhill simplex) (D.S.M) method.A test of well - conformity for harmonizing data for distribution after estimating its parameters has been done by using (Kolmogorov - Smirnov) (K - S) test After that it was addressed to estimate the reliability function through quintile function being the only one closed formula for distribution. The researcher has depended upon an experimental way by carrying out a stimulation experience according to a program made with (Matlab) language for both distribution formats, and for (small, medium, and large) sample sizes and different presumptive parameter models for the purpose of comparison between the methods of parameters estimation depending on the statistical standard Mean Square Error (MSE), when the standard comparison were applied to the parameters estimator and to the distribution that represented by quantile function, the conclusion was that the Downhill Simplex Method (D.S.M.) is the best among the other superior methods of both distribution formats, for it has the smallest value of (MSE) , then the reliability function was established by superior methods.Practical application has been made in the research to experimental a real data taken from Wasit General Company for textile industrial/textile department to find out the failure time of the machines to estimate the reliability function of it by the best methods that have been reached through the experimental side.According to all the above, the most important conclusions and recommendations have presented, as well as future research. The main conclusion that the thesis has been concluded is that the expansion of algorithm mechanism (Downhill Simplex) to work on their own through the distribution quantile function to find the capabilities of the four parameter values (?_1,? ??_2,? ??_3,? ??_4) had approved its highly efficient in finding the values of the distribution capabilities for both versions. The researcher has been recommended many recommendations including that in the absence of an appropriate data under consideration for certain distribution, it is possible to use Generalize Lambda Distribution as it is a distribution which appropriate to many continuous phenomena, as it could be an alteration to use of nonparametric method which are less efficient than parametric methods.Key words : appropriate statistical model, Generalize Lambda Distribution, Quantile function, algorithm (Downhill Simplex), test (Kolmogorov - Smirnov), reliability function

المعايير الدولية للاشراف والرقابة المصرفية واثرها في الاستقرار المالي للقطاع المصرفي الخاص في العراق == International Standards For Banking Supervision And Control And Their Impact On Financial Stability In The Iraqi Banking Sector

اسم المؤلف: فرح علي توفيق الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: ثريا عبد الرحيم علي الخزرجي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

واقع قطاع الاعمال ودوره في تنويع الاقتصاد العراقي == Reality The Business Sector And Its Role In The Diversification of The Iraqi Economy

اسم المؤلف: علي محمد احمد الراوي
اسم المشرف: حالوب كاظم معلة
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعاني الاقتصاد العراقي من اشكاليات وتحديات واختلالات واسعة الاسباب داخلية واخرى خارجية فهو لا يزال اقتصاد احادي الجانب (ريعي) على الرغم من توافر الموار العديدة والمتنوعة والامكانيات المتاحة فيه، وان عملية توجيه واستغلال هذه الموارد بالصورة التي تنوع بها م | Suffering of the Iraqi economy problems and challenges and imbalances and wide for reasons of internal and external is still unilateral economy (yield) despite the availability of resources many and varied and facilities available to it, and the process directing and the exploitation of these resources How the diversity of income sources is very important. Great reliance on the oil sector in the composition of GDP has been made of the state budget is unstable and vulnerable to external fluctuations in world oil prices, This is a big problem Constitution Addressing economic issues were incomplete and did not complete the relevant laws, was not clear and accurate also, As well as did not apply laws that could help in stimulating domestic production has not seen the necessary support to meet the local need and reduce imports, This led to increased imports significantly and flooding the local market shoddy goods which resulted in a dissipation of wealth and loss and failure to achieve growth and tangible and evolution over the last ten years. Therefore, the adoption of appropriate and effective strategies of the state of the Iraqi economy and the basic sectors with the provision of a suitable environment for it requires the adoption of the tasks and goals of the new economic policy in Iraq, at the forefront of design and arranging priority investment and infrastructure, realistic view about the role and functions of the private sector, and diversify the Iraqi economy for alleviate the mono - oil sector and increase the contribution of other sectors, including the industrial sector and the agricultural sector, tourism and human development. All of this leads to the achievement of economic and social development in Iraq.

واقع انتاج التمور في العراق - التحديات وافاق التطوير : دراسة تحليلية اقتصادية == Reality of The Dates Production In Iraq - Challenges And Prospects For Development : Economic Analytical Study

اسم المؤلف: علي فليح برغش الجوراني
اسم المشرف: رحمن حسن علي المكصوصي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Agricultural production in general and in particular date production is of great food and economic importance to many countries that have a comparative advantage for date production, especially Iraq.In addition to its historical, dates it is almost complete food item is the sugars of the most important vehicles accounting for more than (70%), as well as the longer of significant economic value through its contribution to the GDP. Iraq is one of the countries that is rich in economic resources in general and agriculture in particular, and that the palm wealth is one of the important agricultural resources in Iraq. Iraq is characterized as having an advanced position from my list global production and export of dates. Iraq is one of the main date producing countries and occupies a leading position of the world's total production of dates and characterized by producing varieties several compared to the rest of the producing countries, but the number of palm trees declined since 2003 as a result of circumstances external and internal challenges experienced by Iraq as well as the injury of large numbers of palm insects and agricultural pests, and poor dates, prices of the levels of production costs does not fit all of this has had a negative impact that made palm growers skip away from development, and especially young people as the most profitable and least job opportunities effort to attract These young people, leading to a shortage of labor in the hand palm - growing areas and this in turn led to higher costs and greater decline in palm produce.The Food and Agriculture Organization statistics (FAO), especially the last years of the study to the low percentage of the contribution of Iraq's production of the world production of dates and the low rank of the main date producing countries in the world. Iraq has dropped since the order of the production of dates in the world for up to seventh place in 2007 after he was a fifth place in 2005 and ranked first previous years. Also decreased the proportion of the contribution of Iraq's production of dates worldwide to (6.41%) of the global production in 2005 after it was (9.7%) in 2004 and 11.7% in 1999 and 14.8% in 1990, is due to a decrease in the number of palm The decrease in productivity per palm. Iraq and compete with the big main producing countries of dates between last year and with Egypt, Iran and Saudi Arabia. The consequent decline in the share of the value of date production in GDP at current prices during 2013 than it was in 1994 (0.13%) and (1.5%), respectively. The data also indicate a decrease in agricultural employment relative to total employment of about proportion (30%) in 1990 to about (13.5%) in 2012.As the production of dates for 2013 for all items (676) thousand tons, an increase of 3.2% from last year, the production of which was 655 thousand tons. Forefront of the province of Babylon first place in terms of production, which amounted to 105 thousand tons with 15.5% of Iraq's total production increase of 4.7% from last year, the production of which was 100 thousand tons, and the form of the production of dates (ascetic) ratio major of the production of dates in Iraq to produce the same year (369) thousand tons, constituting the gain (54.6%) of the total production for that year, which came to (676) thousand tons. While the average per Palm Dates of productivity amounted to (ascetic) (75) kg compared to 68 kg for the rest of the items for that year. The percentage contribution of the value of the production of dates in GDP at current prices volatile fluctuations of production and prices of dates where the highest percentage in 1994, it was about (1.5%), while the lowest percentage contribution in 2008 where she was (0.05%), while the With regard to the proportion of the contribution of the value of the production of dates in agricultural GDP at current prices in Iraq and for the same duration above it is also volatile. Reaching the highest contribution in 1994 at a rate of (7.4%), while the lowest percentage contribution in 2008 at a rate of (1.3%) due to lower production levels and low world prices and the neglect of the palm by farmers and owners of orchards.The research aims to analyze reality economic agricultural production and date production in Iraq. in addition, try to influence them the environment and find out the real problem of low productivity and the fluctuation of the proportion of its contribution to the GDP at current prices cause analysis, as well as identify the most important problems and challenges they face for the future development and prospects, and it will be through the analysis of model (Swot Analysis), any study of the strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and threats that surround the agricultural sector and palm groves in Iraq, and the development of the proposed solutions to be addressed.

العنف ضد الملاكات الطبية وانعكاساته على الرضا الوظيفي : دراسة حالة في مستشفيات دائرة صحة بغداد - الكرخ == Violence Against Medical Staffs And Its Impact On Job Satisfaction In The Case Study of Al Karkh Health Directorate Hospitals

اسم المؤلف: عذراء قاسم حسن الدراجي
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة المستشفيات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: سعى البحث الى عدة اهدف للتعرف على المفاهيم النظرية الحقيقية لكل من المتغيرين الاساسيين في البحث، وهما : العنف الوظيفي، والرضا الوظيفي في المستشفيات التي تحتاج الى دقة في رعاية العاملين فيها على نحو ينسجم وتطوير صياغة البناء الاجتماعي والاقتصادي السليمين، | It sought search to several objectives to get to know the real theoretical concepts for each of the key variables in the research, namely : Career violence, and job satisfaction in hospitals that need to be accurate in the care of its employees in a manner consistent with the development of the formulation of social construction and sound economic, and determine the quality and the nature of the relationship between variables of search (career violence and job satisfaction), and determine what the true relationship between personality traits of medical Angels (sex, age, marital status, educational attainment, number of years of service, address medical), with all of the career of violence and dissatisfaction with their work inside the hospital, and also provide helpful suggestions in Iraqi hospitals to reduce the incidence of violence against medical staffs, and greater job satisfaction.I have been the entrance to my eating integrated with regard to violence against medical staffs, and also health organizations, as well as the eating of job satisfaction, while the practical side has been adopted on the descriptive and analytical through the preparation of a questionnaire has been prepared and presented to the arbitrators, and focused research problem which violence and its relationship satisfaction Career in hospitals, is the subject of a broad and important aspects Batarh and fields, in terms of being affected in the process of work and its development and growth of the medical staff in the fields of competence, as well as negative effects on society as a whole.In order to achieve the research hypothesis has been distributing the identification number (60) on a sample of medical staff in the surveyed hospitals, it was the questionnaire form design tool head of research to obtain data and information, have included research sample various medical staffs included (doctors specialists, doctors consultants, doctors the oldest residents, resident doctors periodic), was the study data analysis, according to the group the following statistical tools : 1. frequency distribution for the purposes of display and classified research data.2. Alpha Kronnebaj credibility test labs to test the credibility of the questionnaire and measure the internal consistency of her.3. Test t - Test for comparing the arithmetic mean of the answers to the sample with the center premise.4. X2 test to test the research hypotheses president.5. Test ranks with a simple correlation coefficient (Spearman).The research has come to a set of conclusions was notably : exposure doctors hospitals, health Baghdad / Karkh to many cases of violence, but they did not do something about Effectiveness of fear of its extension and expansion to enter Chapter clan and tribal item, and describes the doctors hospitals health Baghdad / Karkh incidents of violence that have occurred to them that they cases of attacks and insults and verbal altercations and violent collision (physical and / or verbal), due to unknown causes, usually out of the ordinary if they met with strongly by them. The Advisory esoteric and emergency departments are often the most frequent sites of violence against medical doctors, because of the number of auditors Wathrah them from patients and their families and their companions.

اثر الاعفاءات الضريبية على دخول المكلفين في الحد من ظاهرة التهرب الضريبي : بحث تطبيقي في الهيئة العامة للضرائب == The Impact of Tax Exemptions On The Taxpayers' Incomes In Reducing The Tax Evasion Phenomenon \ An Applied Research In The General Commission For Taxes

اسم المؤلف: عبد الامير زامل لطيف
اسم المشرف: عبيد خيون علي حسين
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الضرائب
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الى تسليط الضوء على الاعفاءات الضريبية الممنوحة للمكلفين على وفق قانون ضريبة الدخل رقم (113) لسنة 1982 المعدل, والتشريعات, والقوانين المطبقة, وبيان مدى ملائمتها للقواعد الضريبية الاساسية. والتعرف على دور الاعفاءات الضريبية للحد من ظاهرة التهرب | The research stems from a problem of prevalence of tax evasion phenomenon from taxpayers and its negative and serious impacts resulting therefrom, represented in a decrease tax revenue proceeds and the damages to the public treasury of the state, as well as the occurrence of evader taxpayers under the law and take the penalties and legal sanctions against them by the tax authority. The research aims to highlight the tax exemptions granted to the taxpayers in accordance with the amended Income Tax Law No. (113) for the year 1982 and the applied legislations and laws, show their suitability to basic tax rules, and identify the role of tax exemptions to reduce the tax evasion phenomenon, and thus increase tax revenues that contribute to the financing of public expenditures of the state. On this basis, four main null hypotheses were formulated, among them are the following : The first main null hypothesis : "There is no statistically significant relationship between the tax exemptions and the tax evasion phenomenon.The second main null hypothesis : "There is no statistically significant impact between tax exemptions on tax evasion phenomenon.The research has also dealt with the review of some practical cases, where nine different cases have been dealt with from some departments and branches of the General Authority For Taxes. It was found that there is an impact of tax exemptions on taxpayers' incomes in reducing the tax evasion phenomenon, as well as their effect on the economic and social conditions of taxpayers. Also, the research has collected data by two questionnaire models distributed to two samples. The first sample consisted of (52) employees of the GCT staff, while the second included (100) taxpayers from businesses owners and private companies. Results were analyzed using the Statistical Package For Social Science, SPSS and presented. Then, the research hypotheses were tested. The results of the analysis for the tow sample of the tax authority staff and taxpayers found that there are significant statistical relationships between tax exemptions and tax evasion phenomenon. These results led to rejecting the two main null hypotheses and accepting the alternative hypotheses that there is a correlation between tax exemptions and tax evasion phenomenon, and tax exemptions affect the tax evasion phenomenon. The results revealed a number of conclusions and recommendations. The most important conclusions are as follows : that the tax work in Iraq suffers from a weakness of dealing with transparency and lacking sources of awareness of members of the community. The procedures followed by the government institutions, including the tax institutions are sometimes complex, which may contribute to widening the scope of practices relating to the administrative and financial corruption that makes the relationship between the taxpayer and the tax authority characterized by suspicion and mistrust. Finally, the research has reached a number of recommendations, the most important are the following : the need to update the tax legislations with the follow - up problems identified through their application and working to fill all the gaps that appear during execution, with the adherence to the new rules particularly the most important of which is stability rule that calls for avoiding continuous legislation amendments, which must take into account the stability and consistency of changing tax and strict amendments in a narrower field. So, this requires a commitment from the tax authority in its executive role to enforce law.
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