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التحليل المكاني لمرض التهاب الكبد الفيروسي في العراق للسنوات (2008 - 2013) == The Spatial Analysis of Viral Hepatitis in Iraq for the period (2008 - 2013)

اسم المؤلف: عقيل حسن ياسر النجم
اسم المشرف: محمود بدر علي السميع | امال صالح عبود الكعبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الصحية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

الهيمنة الحضرية لمدينة النجف == The Urban Dominotion Al - Najaf city

اسم المؤلف: رفلة يعرب يوسف الجنابي
اسم المشرف: فؤاد عبد الله محمد الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: جغرافية المدن
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

التباين المكاني للنبات الطبيعي في محافظة كربلاء المقدسة وعلاقته بالاستعمالات البشرية

اسم المؤلف: لمياء عبد طه ضيف العذاري
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسن مدفون ابو رحيل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

القدرة التنافسية للعراق وسبل النهوض بها == Iraq Competitiveness and the Methods of Advancing

اسم المؤلف: سلام علي كريم
اسم المشرف: نوري عبد الرسول الخاقاني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

دور السياسات المالية في معالجة مشكلة الفقر في العراق للمدة (1970 - 2006) == Role of the Fiscal Policies in Treating Poverty Problem in Iraq for Period (1970 - 2006)

اسم المؤلف: حيدر مجيد عبود الفتلاوي
اسم المشرف: صادق علي طعان الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

استجابة صنفين من الكراث Allium ampeloprasum L. لتاثير محفزات نمو مختلفة في مؤشرات النمو والحاصل ومحتوى بعض المواد الفعالة == Response of Tow Cultivars of Leek Allium ampeloprasum L. to Effect of Growth Stimulators on Growth Traits, Yield and Some Active Constituents

اسم المؤلف: عقيل كريم حسن الطفيلي
اسم المشرف: جمال احمد عباس السيد سلمان | صباح نعمة كامل الثامر
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - البستنة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The experiment was designed by using a ompletly randomized split plot design in three replicates during the two growing seasons (2012 - 2013) and (2014 - 2015) in an Alsahla area/province of Najaf to study two cultivars of leek response (local and Syrian) Allium ampeloprasum L. to four fertilization treatments (control, the nitrogen fertilization, Azotobacter bacteria and enriched bio - fertilizer EM1), and spraying of Putrescine, in three concentrations (0, 75 and 150 mg.l - 1) in addition to their interaction on each other on the growth traits and plant content of active substances.The experiment composed of 24 treatments, Averages were compared using the least significant difference at the level (P<0.05), The results showed the following : : egetative growth charactersV - 1A significant superiority of the local cultivar for both seasons as compared with Syrian cultivara. The Syrian cultivar showed a significant increase in the diameter of bulbs for both seasons as well as in the fresh weight of bulbs and number of roots for the first season and the plant height for the second season.Fertilization factors significantly effected all of vegetative growth traits for both seasons in a nitrogen fertilization for both seasons a significant increase in the number of roots and fresh roots weight and for the first season, in the number of leaves/plant - 1, leaves dry weight. While in the second season, it showed a significant increase in bulb diameter. Treatment with Azotobacter for both seasons showed a significant increase in the fresh weight of leaves, the dry weight of bulbs and dry weight of roots, and in the first season, in plant hight and diameter of bulbs, but in the second season the same treatment had significantlyBaffected in number of leaves, the dry weight of leaves and the fresh weight of bulbs. The bio - fertilizer EM1 showed a significant increase in the fresh weight of bulbs in the first season, where as in the second season, EM1 fertilizer showed a significant increase in plant height. The interactions between all factors significantly affected in all traits.Spraying of Putrescine had a significant effect on vegetative growth. Spraying with Putrescine (150mg/l - 1) for both seasons showed a significant increase. There is no significant differences between all Putrescine concentrations in roots number during the second season. The interactions between all factors significantly affected in all comparisons in both seasons.2. The chemical content of leaves and bulbs of leek : The "Syrian" cultivar showed superiority over the "local" cultivar for both seasons in leaves content of carbohydrates and the ratio of total solids dissolved materials reaching (30.08 and 21.00%) and (6.33 and 5.20%) for both seasons respectively, as compared with the "local" cultivar (29.70 and 18.99%) and (5.64 and 4.53%) respectively, in the first season "Syrian" cultivar showed superiority over in the percentage of protein in leaves and bulbs, leaves and bulbs content of nitrogen, bulbs content of phosphorus and sulfur, leaves and bulbs of potassium and the content of total chlorophyll of leaves and content of bulbs of carbohydrates and leaves content of sulfur for the second season, but the "local" cultivar showed superiority in content of carbohydrates of bulbs and phosphorus, sulfur of leaves content and leaves content of total chlorophyll for second season. In addition to other important results.Nitrogen fertilization showed superiority on other fertilization factors for both seasons in leaves content of carbohydrates (in comparison with the control treatment), protein and nitrogen (in comparison with EM1 treatment), and a rateCincrease reaching (14.04 and 35.43%), (38.92 and 13.15%) and (38.16 and 13.11%) respectively, and in the first season, the nitrogen fertilization showed a significant increase in content bulbs of protein, nitrogen and potassium, and the total chlorophyll content in leaves, and in the second season in the content of bulbs in carbohydrates and content of potassium of leaves, while treatment with Azotobacter showed a significant increase for two seasons in bulbs and leaves of phosphorus (in comparison with control treatment), and bulbs content of sulfur (compared with control treatment for first season and EM1 treatment for the second season) and a rate increase reaching (31.77 and 17.62%), (18.08 and 34.53%) and (19.20 and 21.60%) respectively, and in the first season Azotobacter treatment showed a significant increase in the percentage of total solids dissolved materials in leaves, leaves content of potassium and sulfur and bulbs content of carbohydrates, while in the second season, treatment with Azotobacter showed a significant increase of bulbs content of protein, nitrogen, and potassium, but treatment of bio - fertilization EM1 showed a significant increase in leaves content of the percentage of total solids dissolved materials, and total chlorophyll and sulfur in the second season. The interactions between all factors significantly affected in all comparisons in both seasons.Putrescine (150mg/l - 1) showed superiority significant increase for two season over other concentration, as compared with control treatment in the content of leaves and bulbs from carbohydrates, and a rate increase reaching (23.39 and 24.12%) and (34.69 and 8.23%) respectively. The concentration of putrescine (75mg/l - 1) gave high value and for two seasons in leaves content of the total chlorophyll and a rate increase reaching (8.84 and 20.78%), and the sulfur (compared with 150mg/l - 1 for first season and control treatment for second season, and a rate increase reaching (21.38 and 8.92%) respectively, and no significant difference between putrescine concentrations in leaves content of the total solid dissolved materials and potassium for the second season.D3. the active substances content of leaves and bulbs of leek : "local" cultivar showed superiority for both seasons in leaves and bulbs content of Allicin, Quercetin, kaempferol and total phenolics, and the content of leaves of the total flavonoids, and the content of the total flavonoids in bulbs during the second season, while no significant difference between two cultivars in bulbs content of the total flavonoids in the first season.The treatment of Azotobacter showed a significant superiority for both seasons in the content of leaves and bulbs of Allicin, Quercetin, kaempferol, nitrogen fertilization also significant superiority, for both seasons in bulbs content of the total phenolics and the content of leaves of the total flavonoids and the content of leaves of the total phenolics in the first season, and the bio - EM1 significant superiority on bulbs content for both seasons in the total flavonoid content and the content of leaves in the total phenolics in the second season.The superiority of Putrescine at (150mg/l - 1) concentration showed significant increase on other concentrations and for both seasons in leaves and bulbs content of Allicin, Quercetin, kaempferol and total flavonoids, and content of leaves of the total phenolics in the first season, but in the second season, there are no significant differences between the two cultivars. but the content of bulbs of the total phenolics the (150mg/l - 1) concentration gave higher results in the first season, but the second season (75mg/l - 1) concentration superiority and gave higher results.

تاثير كلوريد الصوديوم في مؤشرات النمو وبعض الصفات الكيموحيوية لنبيتات ثلاثة اصناف من العنب Vitis vinifera L. خارج الجسم الحي == Effect of NaCl on Growth and Some Biochemical Characteristics of In vitro Plantlets of Three Grape Vitis vinifera L. Cultivars

اسم المؤلف: احمد حمزة هاشم المعموري
اسم المشرف: مسلم عبد علي عبد الحسين الربيعي
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - البستنة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نفذت التجربة في مختبر زراعة الانسجة النباتية العائد الى قسم البستنة وهندسة الحدائق - كلية الزراعة - جامعة الكوفة للمدة من نيسان 2014 الى حزيران 2015 لاختبار تحمل ثلاثة اصناف من العنب الاوربي العديمة البذور هي Crimson seedless وPrincess وSummer Royal ) للاجهاد الملحي خارج الجسم الحي بدلالة تاثير ملح NaCl في مؤشرات نمو النبيتات والتغيرات الفسيولوجية لانتخاب الصنف الاكثر تحملا للملوحة . اذ اسست المزارع النسيجية لهذه الاصناف وتبعتها مرحلة تقييم تحملها لملح NaCl خارج الجسم الحي ، وقد نفذت الاخيرة كتجربة عاملية باستخدام التصميم العشوائي الكامل (CRD)بعاملين ]الاصناف (Crimson seedless وPrincess وSummer Royal) x تراكيز NaCl ( 0 , 50 ،100 ، 150 ، 200 ) ملي مول [ . زرعت النبيتات الناتجة في وسط MSالسائل المزود ب 5 تراكيز من NaCl لمدة 21 يوما ، حسبت بعدها النسبة المئوية للنبيتات الحية ودرجة التضرر وارتفاع النبيتة ومعدل عدد الاوراق والوزن الطري والجاف للمجموع الخضري وطول الجذور والوزن الطري والجاف للمجموع الجذري باعتبارها مؤشرات نمو ومحتوى الافرع من الكلوروفيل والبرولين والسكريات الذائبة والبروتينات الذائبة وبعض الايونات منها النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم والصوديوم والكلوريد ونسبة البوتاسيوم الى الصوديوم وقياس فعالية انزيمي الكتليز وSOD. ويمكن توضيح اهم النتائج بما ياتي : 1 - ان زيادة تركيز NaCl في الوسط الغذائي سببت انخفاض معنوي في النسبة المئوية للنبيتات الحية وزيادة درجة تضرر النبيتات ، اذ سجلت اقل نسبة للنبيتات الحية واعلى درجة تضرر عند التركيز 200 ملي مول والتي بلغت 13.33% و2.44 على الترتيب مقارنة بمعاملة المقارنة ( 0 ملي مول ) التي سجلت 100% ، 0.00 على الترتيب . 2 - ان زيادة تركيز ملح NaCl في وسط النمو سبب انخفاض مؤشرات النمو الخضري والجذري للنبيتات ومنها ارتفاع النبيتة ومعدل عدد الاوراق والوزن الطري والجاف للمجموع الخضري وطول الجذور والوزن الطري والجاف للمجموع الجذري ، اذ سجلت اقل القيم عند التركيز 200 ملي مول . 3 - انخفاض محتوى المجموع الخضري للنبيتات من الكلوروفيل والبروتينات الذائبة الكلية وايونات النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم ونسبة البوتاسيوم الى الصوديوم عند زيادة تركيز ملح NaCl في الوسط الغذائي اذ سجلت اقل القيم عند التركيز 200 ملي مول بينما كانت اعلى القيم في الوسط الخالي من الملح ، في حين ارتفع محتوى الافرع من البرولين والسكريات الذائبة وايونات الصوديوم والكلوريد عند زيادة تركيز ملح كلوريد الصوديوم في وسط النمو مقارنة بالوسط الخالي من الملح الذي سجل اقل القيم . 4 - زيادة فعالية الانزيمات المضادة للاكسدة ( الكتليز وSOD ) عند زيادة تركيز ملح كلوريد الصوديوم في وسط النمو ، اذ سجلت اعلى القيم عند التركيز 150 ملي مول بلغت 2.06 مايكرومول . غم - 1 وزن طري. دقيقة - 1 و44.20 وحدة / ملغم بروتين على الترتيب ، بينما كانت القيم 1.18 مايكرومول . غم - 1 وزن طري. دقيقة - 1 ، 5.13 وحدة / ملغم بروتين على الترتيب في الوسط الخالي من الملح . 5 - اختلاف استجابة اصناف العنب للملوحة ، اذ تفوق الصنف Crimson seedless معنويا على باقي الاصناف المدروسة في معظم الصفات قيد الدراسة ( المظهرية والكيمياحياتية ) .6 - اظهرت نتائج التداخلات بين تركيز ملح كلوريد الصوديوم والاصناف وجود اختلافات معنوية في الصفات المدروسة اذ تفوقت نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 0 ملي مول والصنف Crimson seedless على بقية التداخلات في معظم الصفات المظهرية والكيمياحياتية للنبيتات الحية ، في حين تفوقت نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 0 ملي مول والصنف Princess في محتوى الافرع من الفسفور بينما تفوقت نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 0 ملي مول والصنف Summer Royal في طول الجذور والبوتاسيوم . وسجلت اعلى القيم في نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 200 ملي مول والصنف Crimson seedless من البرولين والسكريات الذائبة والصوديوم وسجلت نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 200 ملي مول والصنف Summer Royal اعلى القيم من الكلوريد في حين بلغت اعلى فعالية لانزيم الكتليز في نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 100 ملي مول والصنف Crimson seedless بينما كانت اعلى فعالية لانزيم SOD في نبيتات معاملة التداخل بين التركيز 150 ملي مول والصنف Prin | An experiment was carried out at the Plant of Tissue Culture Laboratory - Horticulture Department - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Kufa from April 2014 to June 2015 to test salt tolerance of three grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seedless cultivars ( Crimson seedless, Princess and Summer Royal) in vitro, according to effects of NaClon plantlets growth indicators and physiological changes for the selection of the most salt - tolerant cultivar . The experiment was carried out in two stages, the first was the in vitro plantlets production followed by the next stage, which included studying the responses of plantlets to NaCl for evaluating their tolerance to NaCl in vitro. The experiments were set up as a factorial experiment in Complete Randomized Design with two factors {3 cultivars (Crimson seedless , Princess and Summer Royal)× four levels of NaCl}. Plantletswere cultured in liquid MS medium provider with 5 concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100 .150 200) mM for 21 days in the culture room.At the end of the experiment, plantlets survival percentage, plantlets damage index, vegetative and root growth ,total chlorophyll content , shoot contents of total soluble sugars, total soluble protein, proline, N, P, K+, Na+andCl - ions, and the activity of SOD and catalase enzymes were calculated.Results can be shown as follows : Increasing the concentration of salt NaCl in growth medium caused a decline in plantlets survival percentage and an increasein the degree of plantlets damage. the lowest survival percentage and a higher degree of damage was obtained with the concentration of 200 mM, which gave 13.33% and 2.44 respectively, compared to the control (0 mM), which recorded 100%, and 0.00, respectively. Increasing the concentration of salt NaCl in growth medium caused a decline in vegetative and root growth indicators which includes plantlets height, number of leaves,plantlets fresh and dry weight, root length and root fresh and dry weight system, as it recorded the lowest values when it was grown at200 mM. Contents of chlorophyll, proteins total soluble, ions ( N, P, K+ and potassium / sodium ratio) in plantlets fresh was reduced when increasing the concentration of NaCl in growth medium as it recorded the lowest values at 200 mM concentration, while the highest values were in the salt - free medium. On the other hand,the content of proline, soluble sugars , sodium and chloride ions was obtained with increasing the concentration of sodium chloride salt in the growth medium compared to the non - salt growth medium, which gave lower values . There was an increasein antioxidant enzymes (catalase and SOD ) activities when increasing the concentration of sodium chloride salt in the growth medium, and the highest values were recorded at 150 mM NaCl 2.06 µmole. g - 1FW. min - 1 and 44.20 unit respectively, while the lowest values were 1.18 µmole. g - 1 FW . min - 1 and 5.13 unit, respectively, in the salt - free medium . There was a significant differences in the response of grape cultivars to salt stress. Results showed that Crimson seedless was more salt tolerant compared with the rest studied cultivars in the most morphological and biochemical characters. There was a significant differences between interaction treatments in which the interaction 0 mM NaCl and Crimson seedless gave higher values in most studied traits,while interaction treatment 0 mM NaCl and Princess was superior phosphorus content. The interaction treatment 0 mM NaCl and Summer Royalgave the highest values of root length and potassium, whereas, the highest values of proline, soluble sugars and sodium was recorded in the plantlets of interaction treatment 200 mM and Crimson seedless.While interaction treatment 200 mM and Summer Royal recorded higher values in chloride ion contents.On the other hand the highest catalase enzyme activity was in interaction treatment between 100 mM NaCl and Crimson seedless,while the highest SOD enzyme activity in plantlets was in interaction treatment between 150 mM NaCl and Princess cultivar

تاثير اضافة الكتلة الحيوية للفطر المحاري Pleurotus ostreatus للعليقة واضافة راشح الوسط الزرعي لماء الشرب في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والفسلجية لفروج اللحم == Effect of Addion of biomass of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus in diets and Addion of growth medium filtertes to drinking water in some productive and physiological traits of Broiler Chicks

اسم المؤلف: احمد محمدحسين حسن
اسم المشرف: مجيد متعب ديوان | عدنان نعمة الاسدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الوقاية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: استهدفت هذه الدراسة تاثير اضافة الكتلة الحيوية للفطر المحاري Pleurotus ostreatus الى العليقة مع اضافة راشح الوسط الزرعي للفطر لماء الشرب في الاداء الانتاجي والفسلجي لفروج اللحم , اذ تم زراعة الفطر المذكور بالمختبر على تبن الحنطة وحضن بدرجة حرارة 25 + 2 م لمدة 21 يوما , اما التجربة الحقلية فقد نفذت في حقل الطيور الداجنة التابع لقسم الثروة الحيوانية ، كلية الزراعة / جامعة الكوفة , ونفذت خلال المدة من 26/10/2014 ولغاية 1/12/2014 , استخدم في هذه التجربة 360 فرخ فروج لحم غير مجنس من السلالة التجارية روز (Rose - 308 ) . ربيت الافراخ على فرشة ارضية ، واعطيت معاملات التجربة الى الافراخ من عمر 7 يوم الى عمر 35 يوم ، واظهرت النتائج تقارب محتويات كل من الجسم الثمري والكتلة الحيوية للفطر المحاري P. ostreatus من محتواها من بعض العناصر الغذائية مع تفوق الكتلة الحيوية على الجسم الثمري بعدد الايونات الذائبة لكل من عنصر Ca++ , Mg++ والنسبة المئوية للنتروجين (N) , كموااظهرت النتائج انه بزيادة فترات التحضين للفطر المحاري على انواع التبن تزاد معها النسبة المئوية للبروتين الخام معنويا, وحصلت اعلى زيادة في نسبة البروتين الخام مع تبن الحنطة , وتلاها تبن الشعير ثم الشلب . بينت ايضا نتائج الدراسة قدرة تنافسية عالية للفطر P. ostreatus ضد عدد من الفطريات الملوثة للعليقة , حيث غطى الفطر المذكور كامل مساحة الطبق الذي سبق وزرع ببعض الفطريات دون السماح لها بالنمو . لوحظ تفوق معنوي لمعاملتي اضافة راشح الفطر بنسبة 100 مل/لتر ماء شرب واضافة الكتلة الحيوية للفطر بنسبة 50 غم/كغم عليقة وراشحه بنسبة 50 مل/لتر ماء شرب في معدل وزن الجسم الاسبوعي والزيادة الوزنية الاسبوعية (غم) لفروج اللحم على معاملة المقارنة وباقي المعاملات . وايضا كان هناك تحسن معنوي لمعامل التحويل الغذائي بين طيور معاملات اضافة راشح الفطر المذكور بالنسبة 100 مل/لتر ماء الشرب ومعاملة اضافة كتلته الحيوية بنسبة 50 غم/كغم عليقة مع 50 مل/ لتر من راشح الفطر والذي بلغ 1.38 و1.47 غم علف/غم زيادة وزنية حسب الترتيب مقارنة بمعاملة السيطرة التي بلغ فيها معامل التحويل الغذائي 1.82 غم علف/غم زيادة وزنية . بينت النتائج ان اضافة الكتلة الحيوية للفطر P. ostreatus الى العليقة وراشحه الى ماء الشرب قد حسن معنويا او حسابيا من حجم خلايا الدم المرصوصة لجميع المعاملات مقارنة مع معاملة السيطرة . وتبين ايضا ان اضافة الكتلة الحيوية للفطر P. ostreatus الى العليقة وراشحه الى ماء الشرب قد خفض في اعداد البكتريا الهوائية الكلية وبكتريا القولون في الامعاء الدقيقة للافراخ معنويا كلمزاادت النسبة المضافة . كذلك لوحظ من خلال دراسة تكاليف العليقة للمعاملات المختلفة ان معاملتي اضافة الكتلة الحيوية للفطر بنسبتي 50 و100 غم/كغم عليقة قد اعطيتا اعلى معدل في استهلاك العليقة بلغ 3198.92 و3305.82غم حسب الترتيب بكلفة 2314.1 و2319.2 دينار لكل منهما حسب الترتيب . وان الربح المتاتي من هاتين المعاملتين هاتين مقارب الى الربح المتاتي من معاملة المقارنة الذي بلغ 3427.2 و3483.1و 3595.8 دينار لكل منهوا حسب الترتيب . واظهرت النتائج ايضا ان معاملة اضافة راشح الفطر بتركيز 100 مل/لتر ماء شرب قد اعطت اعلى صافي ربح بلغ 5157.0 دينار , تلتها معاملة اضافة راشح الفطر بنسبة 50 غم/كغم عليقة و50 مل/لتر ماء شرب بلغت 4827.4 دينار فيما بلغ صافي الربح في معاملة المقارنة 3595.8 دينار . | The research aims to the effect of adding biomass of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus to the Diet, and exudates to drinking water and the mixture is synergistic to them in productive performance and Physiology for broiler chickens, as was the cultivation of mushrooms mentioned in the laboratory on the straw of wheat and lap at a temperature of 25 +2 ° C for 21 days, This study was conducted in the Poultry farm, Animal resources department, Agriculture Faculty / University of Kufa, and Perform the field experience special for this study during the period from 26/10/2014 until 01/12/2014 . was used in this experiment 360 broiler chickens t is naturalized commercial strain Rose (Rose - 308). nurtured chicks mattress on the floor, and were given experimental treatments to chicks from age 7 to age 35 on the day , We reached the end of the search to several results, including : The convergence of the contents of each of the fruiting body and biomass of oyster mushroom P. ostreatus of some nutrients with superiority biomass fruiting body on a number of dissolved ions for each element of Ca ++, Mg ++ and the percentage of nitrogen (N) . Observed a significant superiority in treatment of Add exudates mushroom at 100 ml / liter of drinking water and the addition of biomass of the fungus by 50 g / kg feed and exudates at 50 ml / liter of drinking water in the rate of body weekly weight and increase the weight weekly (g) of chicken meat to the treatment of the comparison and the rest of the treatment . While my treatment achieved Add biomass mushroom at 50 and 100 g / kg feed a significant superiority for the treatment of control, reaching the two feed weekly consumption rate of 611.45 and 658.67 gm. The rest of the treatment did not show significant differences between them and the control treatment. also there was a significant improvement in the coefficient of feed conversion between birds treatment Add exudates in the proportions of 25, 50 and 100 ml / liter of drinking water and the treatment of adding bio mass by 50 g / kg feed with 50 ml / l of exudates , which stood at 1.74 and 1.65 and 1.38 and 1.47 g feed / g increase in the order by weight compared to the control treatment in which the feed conversion factor of 1.82 g feed / g increase grains. The results showed that the addition of the biomass of the fungus P. ostreatus to feed and leaking into drinking water has improved significantly or mathematically stacked size of blood cells of all treatment, compared with the control treatment. Also shows that adding biomass of the fungus P. ostreatus to feed and leaking into drinking water was reduced in the preparation of the total aerobic and coliform bacteria in the small intestine of chicks was significantly higher the percentage added. Also it observed by studying feed costs of the various treatment that my treatment Add biomass mushroom in 50 and 100 g / kg feed may highest rate in the feed consumption stood at 3305.82 and 3198.92 g in the order at a cost of 2314.1 and 2319.2 dinars each in the order. And that the profit derived from these two treatments were not significantly different from the profit derived from the treatment of comparison, reaching 3427.2 and 3483.1 and 3595.8 dinars for each of them and by the order. It also results showed that the treatment Add exudates mushroom concentration of 100 ml / liter of drinking water has given the highest net profit of 5157.0 dinars, followed by treatment Add exudates mushroom by 50 g / kg feed and 50 ml / liter of drinking water amounted to 4827.4 dinars, while net profit in comparison 3595.8 dinars

الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية : دراسة في جغرافية الزراعة

اسم المؤلف: سلام سالم عبد هادي
اسم المشرف: محمود بدر علي السميع
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد الانتاج الزراعي الركيزة الاساسية لبناء الاقتصاد الوطني وركنا مهما من اركان الدخل القومي , ولا يمكن نجاح اي من عمليات التنمية ما لم تعتمد تنمية هذا القطاع في المقام الاول , لذا بات من الضرورة الاهتمام به والتخطيط لتحقيق معدلات تنمية تواكب , ان لم تفق معدلات النمو السكاني المتزايدة من خلال توفير الغذاء والكساء لافراد المجتمع , وتوفير المواد الخام اللازمة للقطاعات الاقتصادية الاخرى ناهيك عن تحقيق الكثير من فرص العمل , لذا فقد حظيت دراسة واقع الثروة الحيوانية وامكانية تنميتها كشق رئيسي من الانتاج الزراعي باهمية خاصة لاسيما عند الجغرافيين , وذلك استكمالا للاهمية التي يطلع بها الانتاج النباتي في تعزيز وحماية الامن الغذائي , وللمحافظة على الثروة الحيوانية على مستوى الانواع واعدادها من جانب , ونوعية الانتاج وكميته من جانب اخر , لاسيما وان منتجات القطاع الحيواني المختلفة شكلت في فترات ماضية حوالي(45)% من مجموع ما يساهم به الناتج الزراعي كقيمة صافية بين موارد الدخل القومي , اي انه في المرتبة الثالثة بعد النفط والمنتجات النباتية . اما الان فقد بات القطاع الحيواني في احسن الاحوال لا يشكل الا(10)%كقيمة صافية من مجموع الناتج الزراعي واقل من(2)%من الدخل القومي , بحسب بيانات وزارة التخطيط لعام(2013). لقد اتخذت الدراسة من الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية واقعها وامكانيات تنميتها مشكلة علمية تحاول الكشف , عنها من خلال دراسة التفاعل بين منظومة العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية والحياتية وتاثيرها على صورة وواقع الثروة الحيوانية في المحافظة على مستوى النوع والتوزيع , والتباين المكاني للمشاكل التي تعتريها على مستوى نوع الحيوان واصغر الوحدات الادارية(الناحية)فاعتمدت الدراسة في محاولة لاثبات صحة فرضيتها في ذلك على المنهج النظامي ابتداء , من خلال دراسة العوامل الجغرافية المؤثرة على الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية , ثم استكملت بالمنهج الاقليمي الذي يتيح رؤية اقليمية لكثير من المتغيرات فيعطي بذلك الدراسة سمة الموضوعية والشمولية الاقليمية في فهم تبايناتها المكانية المختلفة , توج من خلال استعمال(الدرجة المعيارية) التي توزعت معها الظاهرة موضوع الدراسة(الثروة الحيوانية)جغرافيا وبحسب اعدادها , ولفهم المزيد من التباينات وتحديد تاثير العوامل الجغرافية والحياتية على انواع الحيوانات وبالتالي انظمة تربيتها وعلاقة درجات التاثير المتبادلة مع بعضها البعض , فقد عمدت الدراسة الى اعتبار ان(نوع الحيوان)(كمتغير تابع)حدد معه(12) متغيرا(كمتغيرات مستقلة)وباعتماد التحليل الكمي للبيانات باستعمال(معامل الانحدار المتعدد)فقد كشفت الدراسة ان المتغيرات المستقلة قد فسرت تباين توزيع الحيوانات بنسب مختلفة وبحسب قوة العلاقة بينهما , فاستنتجت الدراسة بذلك انموذجا لطبيعة العلاقة الامثل مع كل نوع من انواع الثروة الحيوانية , من خلال تقدير مساهمة كل متغير على حده وامكانية تطويره , وبذلك يعد عملا جغرافيا قد يساعد في تخطيط تنمية الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية . وقد توصلت الدراسة الى جملة من الاستنتاجات , اهمها ان هناك مجموعة من العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية والحياتية تؤثر على الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية من خلال تباين التوزيع الجغرافي لانواعها , تركزت معها حيوانات الابقار وبشكل عام في الاجزاء الوسطى من الجهات الشمالية والغربية والجهات الشمالية الغربية كاما حيوانات الجاموس فتركزت بشكل رئيس قرب مجاري الانهار في محافظة القادسية لاسيما على نهر الديوانيـــــــة , ونهري الدغارة والشامية وبدرجة اقل , ليقل بذلك تركز حيوانات الابقار والجاموس تدريجيا كلـــــــما اتجهنا شرقا لتربية انواع مختلفة من الثروة الحيوانية , الا ان التوزيع الغالب لحيوانات(الابقار والجاموس)يمكن ان يشير لوجود علاقة عكسية بينها وبين حيوانات(الاغنام والماعز والابل) . وقد تصدرت اعداد حيوانات الاغنام المرتبة الاولى بـ(318097)راسا مثلت(67,4)%من مجموع الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية والبالغة(471679)راسا عام(2013)تلتها حيوانات الابقار ثانيا بـ(77997)راسا , وشكلت (16,5)%من مجموع الثروة الحيوانية , ثم حيوانات الماعز ثالثا بـ(61652)راسا وتساوي(13,1)%من مجموع الثروة الحيوانية في منطقة الدراسة , فيما جاءت حيوانات الجاموس رابعا بـ(9291)راسا بـ(2,0)%, وترتبت حيوانات الابل خامسا بـ(4642)راسا بـما يعادل(1,0)%من المجموع الكلي الثروة الحيوانية في المحافظة .اما عن اهم المشاكل التي تواجه تربية وانتاج الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية , فقد تبين ان مشاكل التغذية جاءت في مقدمتها وشكلت(47,1)%من اجمالي المشاكل , وتراوحت بين قلة نباتات المراعي الطبيعية بــ(27,4)%وقلة مساحات الاعلاف التي شكلت(19,7)%من مشاكل التغذية في محافظة القادسية , تلتها ثانيا مشاكل الطقس والمناخ , التي تمثلت بمشكلة ارتفاع درجات الحرارة فوق المعدلات المثالية للانتاج الحيواني (14,4)% , ثم الانخفاض في درجات الحرارة بـ(10,1)%من مجموع مشاكل الطقس والمناخ في محافظة القادسية , ثم حلت مشاكل السياسة الزراعية ثالثا بـ(17,9)%من مجموع المشاكل التي تعاني منها الثروة الحيوانية في منطقة الدراسة , توزعت من مشاكل التسليف الزراعي(الحيواني)وشكلت(5,7)%ومشكلة قلة طرق النقل المعبدة بـ(4,9)%وضعف دور الجمعيات الفلاحية , او انعدامها في مجال الثروة الحيوانية والتي شكلت (3,7)%ومشاكل قلة الارشاد الزراعي(الحيواني) بـ(3,6)%من بين مجموع مشاكل السياسة الزراعية في المحافظةاما عن مشاكل خدمات الرعاية الطبية البيطرية فقد حلت رابعا بـ(7,3)%من بين مجموع المشاكل التي تعاني منها الثروة الحيوانية في محافظة القادسية , وتباينت هذه المشكلة بين قلة خدمات الرعاية البيطرية التي شكلت (2,7)%وتكرار اصابة الحيوانات بالامراض بـ(2,4)% , ثم مشكلة قلة المجازر الصحية بواقع(2,2)%ومشاكل الرعاية البيطرية في محافظة القادسية , في ما حلت مشاكل السلالات الحيوانية خامسا بين مجموع المشاكل التي تعاني منها الثروة الحيوانية في المحافظة , وقد تباينت بين مشاكل تخلف السلالات بـ(1,6)%ومشاكل تاسيس القطيع او تجديده بـ(1,6)%من مجموع مشاكل السلالات الحيوانية , تاركة بذلك مشاكل المياه السطحية متمثلة بعدم كفاية الحصة المائية , او الهدر فيها بالمرتبة السادسة , فيما حلت مشاكل قلة الانتاج الحيواني من(الحليب واللحوم)بالمرتبة السابعة والاخيرة بين مشاكل الانتاج الحيواني في محافظة القادسية باعتبارها المحصلة النهائية وكنتيجة طبيعية لجملة المشاكل التي تعاني منها تربية الثروة الحيوانية وتقف عائقا امام انتاجها . | Agricultural production is the elementary base of the national economy and an important element of the national income, so it became necessary to pay attention to this sect and plan to achieve high developmental rates to keep pace with the increased population growth by providing food for the society individuals and the raw materials for the other economic sectors as well as providing the work opportunities. As a result studying livestock status and its development possibilities, as a main part of the agricultural production, obtained a great deal of the attention of the geographers to fulfill the importance of the agricultural production in protecting the narration security, and to maintain the livestock on the levels of types and numbers, on one hand, and the production quantity and quality on the other hand, especially that the animal sector's different productions formed, in the past period, about(45)%of the total agricultural production, presently, the animal sector in its best status, forms only(15)%of the animal sector to be less than(3)%of the national income . The study adopts livestock Al - Qhadisiyah governorate status and its development Possibilities, as a scientific problem which is supposed to be revealed by studying the Interaction among the natural, human and living elements of and their effects on the livestock status in the governorate on the levels of types and distribution, and the spatial variety of its problems on the levels of the animal types and the smallest administration units(communes). To prove its hypotheses the study depends on the regular method starting with studying the geographic elements that affect the livestock in Al - Qhadisiyah governorate, then the regional method to understand its different spatial variation. By using the standard degree to study the level of the animal type, the study considers(the animal type)as a(subordinate variable)with(12)variables as (independent variables).The quantitative analyzes(the simple and multiple correlative coefficient)reveals that the independent variables had explained the animals variety with different rates and according to the relation strength. The study concludes an example for the nature of the optimum relation with each type of the livestock by the estimating the participation of each variable and the possibility of its development. So this study is a geographic attempt that could help in planning the livestock development in Al - Qhadisiyah. The study concludes a number of results; the most important could be summarized as following : - the human, natural and living elements affect the livestock in Al - Qhadisiyah government by the geographic distribution of its type; the greatest number of cows is concentrated in the middle parts of the northern, western and the north western area s of Al - Qhadisiyah, buffalo's great number concentrated near the water streams especially on Al - Diwaniyah river, Al - Daghara and Al - Shamiyah rivers, respectively. Cows and buffalos numbers decrease on the east and south direction where sheep, goat and camel's number increase, hence it could be said that there is indirect relation between the numbers of cow and buffalo, on one hand, and the number of sheep, goat and camel on the other hand .Sheep occupied the first class with(318097)to represent(67)%of the livestock total number in Al - Qhadisiyah(471679) in 2013, followed by Cow with(77997)to represent (16,5)%of the livestock total number , the goat occupied the third class with(61652)to represent(13,1)%of the livestock total number , while the buffalo forms(2,0)%of the livestock total number with(9291)while the camel represent(1,0)%of the livestock total number in Al - Qhadisiyah with(46420) . For the most important problems that face animal breeding, feeding occupied the first class(47)%of the feeding problems in Al - Qhadisiyah, followed by the problems of climate and weather where the highest temperature occupied the first class(14,4)% followed by lowest temperature(10,1).The agricultural policy problems, which are varied, occupied the third class among the problems that face animal breeding. The most important problems that face breeding livestock in Al - Qadisiyah province are, firstly, feeding problems with(47,1)%as lack of natural pastures by(27,4)%and(19,7)% for the lack of the fodder areas. Secondly the problems related to climate as the rise of temperature above its natural averages for animal production represents(14,4)%, and (10,1)% for the decrease in temperature. Third, the problems of agricultural policy by (17,9)%represented by agricultural loans(animals)by(5,7)%, and the lack of paved roads by(4,9)% while the absence or the weak role of the farmers' associations in the field of livestock represented(3,7)%and the lack of agricultural guide(animal)by(3,6)%of the total agricultural policy problems in Al - Qadisiya province. Fourth, the problems of veterinary services presented to the livestock occupies(7,3)%among the problems that livestock suffered from. These problems include lack of veteran services by(2,7)%, (2,4)% for the repetition of diseases and the lack of hygienic slaughterhouses takes (2,2)% of veterinary problems in Al - Qadisiya province. Also, the problems are related to different breeds by(1,6)%,the problems of establishing herds by(1,6)%.The sixth problem includes the waste or lack of the ration of the surface water while the seventh problem is the lack of animal production(meat and milk)which is a consequence of the above mentioned problems in Al - Qadisiya province.

دراسة مناعية ووراثية تتبعية لمرضى العقم من الرجال == A Prospective Immunological And Genetic Study of Infertile Men

اسم المؤلف: علي عبد الزهرة مهدي الفحام
اسم المشرف: يحيى كاظم السلطاني | عبد الزهرة كاظم محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان من الحقائق العلمية الثابتة اليوم ان الفحص الروتيني للسائل المنوي يعد عاملا تنبؤيا اجماليا للقدرة الاخصابية للرجال، ولذلك فان حاجة متزايدة بدات تبرز لاكتشاف فحوصات وظيفية جديدة في عملية تقييم العقم عند الرجال. ان الهدف الاساس من هذه الدراسة هو تعزيز الج | It is a scientific fact today that routine seminal fluid analysis is a key predictor of male reproductive potentiality ; so that there is an increasing need for finding out other functional tests in the assessment of male infertility. The main goal of the current study is to consolidate the scientific and practical efforts concerned with male infertility assessment especially from immunological and genetic aspects. The study was carried out between January 2013 and December 2013 including one hundred (100) selected infertile men who attended the Fertility Center in al - Sadr Medical City in Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf Governorate, the study also included twenty (20) healthy volunteer fertile men as a control. Serum and seminal antisperm antibodies (ASA) were determined by ELISA (Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay) technique ; sperm chromatin condensation was evaluated by aniline blue staining (AB) ; sperm DNA fragmentation (damage) was evaluated by toluidine blue staining (TB). The results showed that the incidence and concentration of serum and seminal plasma ASA in the infertile men were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in control fertile men. The incidence and concentration of serum and seminal ASA were also significantly (p<0.05) higher in normozoospermic infertile patients than that in control fertile men. There was a high significant negative correlation (p<0.01) between the concentration of serum and seminal plasma ASA in the infertile men and sperm motility and progressive motility, the concentration of serum and seminal ASA also showed a high significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with sperm agglutination, and a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) with seminal WBC count. The results also revealed that there were no significant effects (p>0.05) for patients' age, infertility duration, ABO blood groups and smoking habits on the levels of ASA in the serum and seminal fluid, while higher significant increase (p<0.01) in serum and seminal ASA concentrations was observed in infertile patients with varicocele as compared with those without. The results have also revealed that the percentage of sperm with chromatin decondensation and DNA damage has shown a high significant (p<0.01) increase in infertile patients compared to fertile men. There was also a significant increase (p<0.05) in sperm DNA damage in normozoospermic infertile patients comparing with fertile men, but no significant difference (p>0.05) was found in sperm chromatin condensation between normozoospermic patients and fertile men. Both sperm chromatin decondensation and sperm DNA damage showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) with sperm morphology, and a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) with sperm concentration, motility and progressive motility. The present study also revealed that the level of chromatin decondensation has been affected by patients' age, infertility duration, smoking habits and varicocele. It was observed that the higher percentage of chromatin decondensation was recorded in patients older than 37 years, and in patients subgroups with infertility duration more than 15 years, it was also higher in smoker as compared with non - smoker patients and in those with varicocele as compared with those without. Similarly, the level of sperm DNA damage has also been affected by patients' age, smoking habits and varicocele. It was observed that the highest percentage of sperm DNA damage was recorded in patients older than 37 years. The highest level of sperm DNA damage was also seen in smoker patients as compared with non - smokers and in those with varicocele as compared with those without. In contrast, the effect of infertility duration on sperm DNA damage was not statistically different (p>0.05). The correlation and regression results recorded high significant correlations (p<0.01) between serum ASA and seminal plasma ASA, and between sperm chromatin decondensation and sperm DNA damage. However, there was no significant correlation (p>0.05) between the level of serum and seminal ASA and each of sperm chromatin decondensation and sperm DNA damage. The current study concluded that the defects in sperm chromatin status (chromatin decondensation and DNA damage), and the immunological disorders caused by serum and seminal plasma ASA may - at least partially - contribute to the etiology of infertility of the patients under study, even in those with normal seminal parameters. However, it seems that ASA affect fertility in a pathway that is different from that affected by sperm chromatin defect. It was recommended that both sperm chromatin staining techniques and ASA tests could be routinely used as complementary tests to diagnose infertility.

مستوى مصل الدم للهرمون مضاد مولر AMH كاداة تشخيصية للاستجابة لتحريض الاباضة في مرضى متلازمة المبيض المتعدد الكيسات PCOS == Serum Level Of AMH As A Prognostic Tool For Response To Ovulation Induction In Pcos Patients

اسم المؤلف: فرح حسام الدين سعران
اسم المشرف: صالحة علي حسين | بتول عبد الواحد
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النسائية والتوليد
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: متلازمة المبيض المتعدد الكيسات (PCOS) هواضطراب شائع جدا التي تحدث في 4? الى 7? من النساء في سن الانجاب. من المعروف انPCOSغالبا ما يترافق مع الاصابة بالامراض التناسلية وزيادة خطرالاصابة بسرطان بطانة الرحم،والتشخيص له اهمية خاصة لانه يعتقد الان بانPCOS له ا | From the observation that some PCOS patients were known to have high serum level AMH and it has been shown to be useful in its diagnosis, however; the clinical significance of high serum AMH level in prediction of ovarian response to medical therapy was under studied we are doing this study aiming to test the value of serum AMH level as a marker of sever disease and may be subsequent resistance to medical therapy. (AMH) has glycoprotein dimmer structure.AMH is produced by the granulose cells. AMH level in the plasma of PCOS patient are two or three times higher than average and begin to decline five years later than healthy womenObjectivesThe main objective of the study is to estimate the AMH level as a prognostic factor in PCOS infertile women on ovulation induction, also to describe some risk factors of infertility and their association with the AMH level.MethodologyA cross sectional study has been carried out in the outpatient clinic at Al Sadr infertility center under supervision of specialist gynecologist on 60 patients. The data has been collected by a questionnaire which contains demographic characteristics, gynecological history, physical examination and some laboratory investigations. The data collected by simple random to select the case from the outpatient clinics in the fact of 4 - 5 infertile women one day/week, then a period of time required for following up them after the ovulation induction The data have been collected during the period from the 1st of February till the 30 of September 2015.ResultsThere was a high statistically significant difference (P 0.000) in mean AMH among the cases with negative PT from those with positive PT, also the higher level of AMH strongly linked (P 0.023) with the presence of acne as a symptom of PCOS. There was no correlation of AMH with the age, LH, FSH, prolactin, TSH, size of dominant follicle and infertility duration. While it was positively correlated (P 0.000) with the age of menarche, BMI (P 0.000), Serum testosterone (P 0.002) andendometrial thickness (P 0.000).Conclusions & RecommendationsAMH is a useful test to study folliculogenesis and ovarian potential in various situations of infertility and for identification of PCOS. High levels of AMH are commonly associated with pregnancy failure.So, a recommendation of AMH level measuring for all PCOS patients should be done in order to know the prognosis during the ovulation induction.

نسبة حدوث النزف بعد الولادة في حالات الولادات الطبيعية, الاصطناعية, القيصرية الطارئة والغير طارئة في مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي لسنه 2015 == The Incidence Of Postpartum Hemorrhage After Spontaneous And Induced Vaginal Delivery Versus Elective And Emergency Caesarian Section At Al - Zahraa Teaching Hospital In 2015

اسم المؤلف: اسراء علي عباس
اسم المشرف: ازهار موسى الطريحي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النسائية والتوليد
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • حدوث النزف بعد الولاده في حالات الولادات الطبيعيه
  • الاصطناعيه
  • القيصريهالطارئه والغير طارئه في مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي لسنه
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: خلال هذا البحث تم رصد حدوث النزف المهبلي بعد الولاده ومقارنته بين اربع مجاميع من المريضات اللاتي دخلن الى مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي من فتره الثاني من اذار الى الثاني من اب وكان عدد المريضات 9674 مريضه وكان عدد الولادات الطبيعيه 6137 منها 1352 كان عن طريق تح | The labour records of the patients admitted to the labour word and obstetrics word and theater in Al Zahra teaching hospital (9674 patients) during period of 5 months from 2nd of March to the 2nd of August, consequence study to compare the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage after : 1 - Spontaneous labour2 - Induced labour 3 - Elective caesarian section4 - Emergency caesarian sectionObjective : To compare the incidence of haemorrhage and risk factors among certain group of patients and to discover which group is more liable to develop PPH.Study design : Cross sectional studyMethodology : Estimating the blood loss for assessment of PPH by gravimetric method and collection of soaked packs method, evaluate the severity of bleeding and put the women in the proper PPH category to do the proper management plans.Finding and conclusion : The finding of our research is the incidence of PPH is 1.64% among all types of labour (159 patients had PPH during this period) and the main risk factor for PPH in study is the primigravidas in induced or augmented labour.Practical implication : These finding indicate that PPH is another complication of induction that needed to be taken into account when induction in being considered

العلاقات العراقية الاماراتية بعد عام 2003 الواقع والمستقبل == The Relations Between Iraq And United Arab Emirates After 2003 Reality And Future

اسم المؤلف: عمار احمد اسماعيل المكوطر
اسم المشرف: علي هادي حميدي الشكراوي
الموضوع العام: العلوم السياسية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم السياسية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: بحثت هذه الرسالة في واقع العقات بين الع ا رق ودولة اما ا رت العربية المتحدة من خل د ا رسة العوامل المؤثرة فيها سواء اكانت عوامل الاجتماعية ام الاقتصادية ام عوامل عسكرية ام سياسية. وتم استش ا رف مستقبل تلك العقات الثنائية من خل تحليل واقعها بين الدولتين ك | This research deals with the subject of the reality of relations between Iraq and United Arab Emirates, through the study of the factors affecting them, whether social, economic, military or political factors.Threw the political relations between the Un

فقه الشعائر الحسينية

اسم المؤلف: صلاح نصر حسن الاعرجي
اسم المشرف: رؤوف احمد محمد الشمري
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

الخيارات في الفقه الاسلامي : دراسة في الادلة والتطبيقات == Alternatives In Islamic Jurisprudence A Study In Evidence And Applications

اسم المؤلف: عمار محمد حسين محمد علي
اسم المشرف: صاحب محمد حسين راضي نصار
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The following are a number of the cognitive results reached through the research : 1 - Since the subject of alternatives is obligatory contracts, the research has tackled the contract in its both types, the general and the specific which is the connection of two wills and their conformation to device a legal obligation.2 - The alternative in its linguistic sense is the choice, preference, rejection and authorization between two matters or more. Terminologically, it is the legally created right by the legislator or one of the contracting parties or both, by which the contractor has the right to repeal the contract or sign it.3 - There are several utterances related to the alternative like repealing the contract either by one of the contractors or both or for legal reasons the contract would be repealed.4 - Some of the alternatives are fixed whether it was chosen or not in some cases rather than the others, the same for their evidence.5 - If there is a flaw that has never been mentioned before, the contractor has the right to repeal the contract. This is proved by evidence from the Quran and the prophetic tradition.6 - The condition of flaw can be true for the seller to and follows the same rules which cannot be valid unless several conditions are met.7 - In case the deceit in the contract was proven, the contractor has the right to demand refund in case it was impossible to return the commodity, otherwise he has the right either to return the commodity or demand refund to decrease the damage.8 - If the product is sold for much more than its value, the buyer has the right to return the product. This is proved by evidence from the Quran and the prophetic tradition.9 - The jurist did not agree on this right, some applied it to all types of transactions and other to the cases when the price is much higher than the value of the product, and this is valid when all the demanded conditions are met.10 - The jurists agreed on the right of testing the product and in case something was wrong with the product, the contractor has the right to repeal the contract, this also supported by several evidence and demands several conditions that should be met.11 - I mentioned all the alternatives devised by the jurists without mentioning the evidence of each one. The first alternative mentioned is the right to repeal the contract in case the both parties are still in the same venue of signing the contract.12 - Some of the jurists has agreed to the previous right supporting their opinion with several evidence and in analogy with the opinion of the prophets companions who supported this right, while others rejected it saying that the contract would be obligatory right after it is signed by the approval of both parties. 13 - This option is valid in all types of transactions and not in other domains as it lacks evidence for that like the contracts which implies the probability of repealing in its nature. This right is conditioned by several terms.14 - The alternative of conditioning is proved by different ways that one of the contractors can set a condition to have the right to repeal the contract within a certain duration and is permitted for both the seller or the buyer or a third person. Several evidence has been mentioned to support this right as well as the need by both parties to consult experts to prevent any harm
الملخص:
المصادر:

الذكر والتذكير في القران الكريم : دراسة موضوعية == Reminding Speech And Remembrance In The Holy Qur`An An Explanative Study

اسم المؤلف: انتظار خضير بوهان القريشي
اسم المشرف: محمد كاظم البكاء
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study concludes a number of results that could be summarized as following : - 1 - In addition to the holy Qur`an, there are many authorities that help in understanding the speech of reminding : - the holy Sunnah, intellectual and consensus.2 - Language has an important role in understanding reminding speech in the holy Qur`an as it help in understanding the whole text.3 - Reminding speech in the holy Qur`an represents an integral moral system. 4 - The duty of reminding is to organize Man`s life according to the conditions and limits that Shari'a had put, the prophets have to observe the applications.5 - The Qur`anic text speeches have dominating presence controlled by intellectual and logic.6 - The Qur`anic reminding speech has a distinguish way in addressing the different minds with the different levels.7 - Reminding speech has a clear effect due to the different way of addressing the receivers.8 - Reminding in the holy Qur`an pays a great deal of attention to the Creator greatness as well as the creatures.9 - The holy Sunnah has a great effect on clarifying reminding methods in the Qur`anic text; it supports the holy Book with its qualifications that make it integrated with the Qur`anic text. 10 - The interpretive opinions represent common elements among the Islamic sects as there is no obvious disagreement among them.11 - The reminding verses show that remembering His Almighty God makes Man use to thank the others for their kindness, removing his sins, paving the way towards forgiveness and be in save from the inattentiveness consequences. 12 - The method of the holy Qur`an in exhibiting reminding speech calls for working according to the holy Qur`an and Sunnah
الملخص:
المصادر:

فقه الفنون عند الامامية == Art Jurisprudence For The Imamate

اسم المؤلف: سناء لطيف عبد الرزاق الخرسان
اسم المشرف: عباس علي محمد رضا كاشف الغطاء | حيدر عبد الامير رشيد الخزعلي
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The researcher concludes a set of important results that could be summarized as following : - 1 - The primitive principle of things, dealing with arts is one of them, is permission, allowance and concessionary for the majority of jurists, except Al - Sayed Al - Sader who believed on practice continuous cause. 2 - The Usuli Imamates agreed that the legal principle is allowance, permission and exemption, which contradicts the Akhbaris3 - Islam revives the feeling of beauty, supporting the fine art, yet it should be according to legal conditions that the heavenly laws put.4 - The jurists have different opinions upon representation, drawing or portraying, ending with four opinions; they agreed upon the forbidding of the embodied drawing of the creatures of soul; perfect of semi - perfect.5 - From the jurists` opinion upon the drawing forbidding cause it is understood that it has two resources, no matter that the drawing is embodied or not : - the first is because they are put to resemble the Great Creature, which the suitable meaning for the hadiths of breathing the life in it, and the second is because they are put to magnify certain figures in a way that resulted gradually to worship them rather than His Almighty God.6 - According to what is mentioned above, it is allowed to put embodied pictures or statues for the things with soul for reasonable or scientific reason as ends justify means; like teaching, learning, entertainment or maintaining the nation history and civilization. 7 - The primitive principle of ornamentation or decoration and Arabic calligraphy is permission and allowance as there is no legal evidence to forbid them.8 - Been forbidden, the embodiment is substituted, by the Muslim artist, with the plane drawing, depending on ornamentation or decoration, by modifying the natural figures in an abstract way that keep it far from illegality.9 - For photographs, the primitive principle is allowance as there is no legal evidence to forbid it, unless its subject was forbidden such as to magnify certain figures especially if they were bad people.10 - photography is not forbidden as it considered of the age necessities; to achieve the formal documents such as the I.D card and the pass port and so on, in addition to be a teaching aid and a means to maintain the legal rights like the pictures of the unanimous dead people that are shown to be recognize by their relatives.11 - The effective cause of forbidding singing, is the amusement or pastime which is whatever makes Man beyond his natural statue poetry prose or music.12 - Some of the musical tools, like tambourine and drum, could be used in the weddings, it is recommended to use them in wars.13 - The common tools or instruments, that are use for the forbidden ( haram) and non forbidden ( halal), and not restricted for the first case, such as the radio or T.V, evidence of the holy Qur`an and hadith should be considered regarding fun and laugh. are allowed to be sold and bought14 - Acting, in theater or television is, in the first instance, not forbidden, yet it should not be accompanied by forbidden things, that could not be restricted or defined, such as man and woman association or social intercourse, and music as well as the subject or the theme which should not contradict the pure doctrine and the Islamic instructors or praising or magnifying oppression and injustice, otherwise it is not forbidden. 15 - There is additional conditions for theater acting in particular, where the
الملخص:
المصادر:

اراء الحداثيين في التجديد الفقهي وموقف الامامية منه == The Modernizer Opinions Upon The Jurisprudential Renewal And The Imamate Attitudes

اسم المؤلف: حميدة صبار كاظم الاعرجي
اسم المشرف: محمد عليوي ناصر الشمري
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Most of the attention of the religious modernizers, who still believe on the religion importance in Man's life, is paid towards attempting to put the theory of (historical) as a rule so as to find an approach to legalize the contemporary problems religiously. Throughout the research, we found that there are four opinions upon the (historical) of the religious knowledge (the holy Qur'an and Sunnah) : The first opinion : - the origin of the religious knowledge is the historical, unless the evidence proves the opposite, this is the opinion of the modernizers; secularists and religious, Muslim and non Muslim, Sunnite and Shiite, with the difference of their extremity in this opinion. Some deny completely that the Islamic knowledge is a Divine knowledge, some believe that they are Divine knowledge but they are put for certain era so their validity is expired with the end of that era and the human mind is responsible for taking the good of its judgments, some believe that they are mixed of Divine knowledge and human knowledge, and some believe that they are Divine knowledge on the theoretical levels, become human knowledge on the application level, change according to the historical variables. The seconds opinion : It is the opposite of the first opinion, rejecting the historical of the Islamic knowledge completely, the founders of this opinion, who are mostly jurists; they believe that the origin of the legal judgments is the fixedness, unless the evidence proves the opposite.The third opinion : - believe that the origin of the legal judgments is the fixedness, and the subjects are discussed; the jurist must define the subject then give it the judgment, the worshipping subject could not be historical, while the social subject could be historical.The forth opinion : believe that the origin of the legal judgments is neither historical nor non historical; the researcher and the evidence should prove either that the historical conditions affect the judgment subject or not. If there is no evidence, so the origion would be neither this nor that. The research concludes a set of results that could be summarized as following : 1 - The modernizing thought is not a new creation or a new idea in the world of thought; it is a repetition of the human thought in all ages. Some of the questions that are aroused today are the same as that had been aroused in the age of the prophet Mohammed (P.U.H) when the disbelievers of Quraish accused him as a (poet), as the poet has a wide imagination that enable him to create idea that goes beyond the imagination of the ordinary people, so they had said he had created or fabricated the holy Qur'an as it had been mentioned in the holy Qur'an which refuted them and challenged them to present something like the holy Qur'an. These questions are also like the previous theorizations and defamations where some had fabricated narrations and the other had interpreted them that the prophet could not manage the worldly problems by himself so he had counseled his fellows and get use of the others' experiences. So we can say that the human thought repeated itself with the difference of terms and manner. 2 - Thought could not be countered save by thought so the modernizers' hypotheses must be faced by a counter thought that would not result in increasing the extremity of certain party. Some of the modernizers are looking seriously for the truth, believing that religion must have a role in the people daily life. The holy Qur'an and the prophetic tradition, as well as the biography of the infallibles, are immortal example of facing the odd or unusual ideas with kindness. Hence each one, of the modernizers or others, who demand looking for truth should follow these three resources to reveal truth. Yet there are some modernizers who had nothing to do with religion, they deal with it to get it out of its real significance and content. 3 - Believing that the prophet is a human does not affect his infallibility, this aspect could not be a subject of judgment though some jurist consider it in the field of recommended and unrecompensed as the time of his sleeping, the kind of his food and so on; these are so personal things that could not be followed unless he had recommended to do or not to do it. 4 - History, as a concept, is not rear for the jurists' theorizations, though it had not been invested within the rules of deduction. So it is possible to put this theory in the curricula of the Hawza study if the Usuli scholars define the limits of this theory within the frame of the religious legislation and root it as a base or a principle within the rules of the science of principles. This needs a courage like that of Ibn Idrees who had discussed the opinions of Sheikh Al - Toosy, that of Al - Khoo'y who had discussed the jurist opinion in consensus and famous or that of Al - Khoomayny who had entered the effect of time and place on changing subject.
الملخص:
المصادر:

الشرط المتاخر عند اصوليي الامامية وتطبيقاته الفقهية == Delayed Condition For The Imami Usulies And Its Jurisprudential Applications

اسم المؤلف: ابراهيم اغا علي الموسوي
اسم المشرف: رشيد عبد الحميد عبد الرضا الحميري
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Praise be to Allah who support me to accomplish this study that concludes the following results : - 1 - Condition, in linguistics has many significances, yet the research prefers ( obligation and commitment) in selling and other issues.2 - The Usuli condition definitions for the Hanafis, famous and Imamis are varied, yet the research prefers the famous one ( what its nonexistence involves ( not to do) ant its existence does not involve so).3 - The real condition is to connect two real things as in the situation of creation connecting with consideration, as creation is connected to Creator.4 - By conscience, it had been proved that there is a deep relation between the science of principles(Usules) and many other sciences such as theology, jurisprudence, linguistic, logic and philosophy where the last one has a great effect as many of its concepts come within the science of principles(Usules).5 - For the problem of the delayed condition considering the legislation world, Al - Akhawand Al - Khurasany believed that the purpose here is the legislation world rather than its external existence. The martyr Al - sader had followed him.6 - For the problem of the delayed condition considering the legally created world, it is based on the real issues where the purpose of the verses of judgments is the universal titles according to their evidences that are estimated to be in the predicated order. 7 - The martyr Al - sader had denied the legislation world, and the result of the two last points is that the problem of the delayed condition supported by considering the legally created world where it is for Al - Khoo'y by the considering of the legislation world and for Al - Sader it does not need searching as he denied the real world.8 - It had been proved that the delayed condition helps in correct some of the Usuli rules such as the restricted and unrestricted, suspended obligation and unconditional obligation. 9 - It had been proved that the delayed condition, as an Usuli rule is applied on many of the jurisprudential sections such as transactions, selling, marriage, wil and other
الملخص:
المصادر:

نمذجة نقل الرسوبيات مقدم سدة غماس == Modeling Of Sediment Transport Upstream Of Al - Ghammas Barrage

اسم المؤلف: ايام جبار جهاد
اسم المشرف: كريم راضي عبيد المرشدي
الموضوع العام: الهندسة المدنية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الهندسة المدنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
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