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الصراع الصومالي الاثيوبي حول منطقة الاوجادين : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية

Author name: باسم نايف داود السعدي

Supervisor name: عبد الحميد عبد المجيد القيسي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

اثر المناخ في زراعة ونمو وانتاجية محصولي فستق الحقل وزهرة الشمس في محافظة ديالى == The Effect Of Climate At The Agriculture And Growth And Productivity Of Two Crops, (Pistachio Field And Sunflower) In Diyala Governorate

Author name: فليح حسن محمد ضاحي

Supervisor name: فليح حسن كاظم الاموي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/AT2015/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AD%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86.pdf

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: تعد محافظة ديالى واحدة من المحافظات المهمة في زراعة وانتاجية محصولي فستق الحقل وزهرة الشمس ولقد اثبتت النتائج ان اكثر من (50%) من انتاج محصول فستق الحقل في العراق هو في منطقة الدراسة، وتتمركز زراعته في قضاء خانقين، وخاصة في ناحية جلولاء منطقة ( شيخ بابا ) | The Governorate of Diyala, one of the Governorates important in the cultivation and productivity of crops pistachio field , sunflower and has proven results that more than 50% of crop production Pistachio field in Iraq is in the study area , and stationed grown in Khanaqin , especially in Jalawla area ( Sheikh Baba) in order to provide the soil is light and data climatic and water as well as the hands of the workforce have extensive experience in this field , and the yield of sunflower Wesera almost in most sections of the study area and these crops have economic resource, a large , where entering in the edible oil industry , as well as the manufacture of soap and paint.And their importance to choose researcher this subject, ( the impact of climate on agriculture and the growth and yield of crops pistachio field and sunflower in Diyala Governorate ) and included research on the four chapters , the first chapter and section on two themes , First research titled theoretical framework , while the second section came entitled climatic characteristics of the study area , and the second quarter included a natural ingredient of the study area , and the third chapter section on two sections , Section I includes the climatic requirements of the crop pistachio field and sunflower in the study area , and came second section titled requirements and water balance , while the fourth chapter Vachtml on the use of the experimental method in determining the relationship the link between climatic elements on the one hand and between the productivity of crops pistachio , sunflower field in Diyala Governorate , and the results came as follows : 1 - Pistachio field : A - appeared strong positive correlation between productivity pistachio crop field on the one hand and between ( the rate the brightness of the sun, relative humidity, wind speed rate ) on the other.B - the emergence of a weak correlation between productivity Pistachio field on the one hand and between the ( accumulated temperature , total rainfall , total evaporation ) on the other.2 - sunflowerA - appeared strong positive correlation between the sunflower crop productivity on the one hand and between the ( accumulated temperature , rate the brightness of the sun) on the other hand , either ( evaporation rate) has emerged correlation is negative.B - the emergence of a weak correlation between the sunflower crop productivity on the one hand and between (total rainfall , relative humidity, wind speed ) on the other

المتساقطات الجوية في محافظة ديالى واثارها البيئية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية == Precipitation Weather In Diyala Province And Raised Environmental Using GIS

Author name: عقيل عبد الستار سعيد الزبيدي

Supervisor name: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: The goal of this research is to know the temporal and spatial variability and qualitative air pollutants falling over the Diyala province of (2012 - 2013) through a number of monitoring sites distributed in all administrative units, consisting of the study area.Has been the study of natural and human factors to know the extent of their impact in the research problem , study has found that contrast temporal and spatial and qualitative Mtsaqtat air over the Diyala province, due to natural causes and of the location of the province adjacent to a number of provinces in the arrival of a lot of precipitation and the fumes from those provinces by the wind as well as the quality of the surface the temperature change and variation of wind speed and erratic rainfall and reverse in a specific period and the lack of surface water , and there are reasons for mankind , represented by industry and transport and the increase in population , which resulted in increased human activities that they practice and increase the amount of waste they come up factors also contribute to increased precipitation flights.It was the study of the contrast temporal and spatial and qualitative dust falling over the Diyala province in 2012 - 2013 by collecting samples of dust falling from the monitoring sites for the entire year where I got great hand on the first place during the school year as it was ( 729.1 g / m 2 / year) , and analysis dust falling on the monitoring sites throughout the seasons of the year for each chapter three months of winter , spring , summer and autumn , and then measure the heavy elements adherent to the minute dust by analyzed by special equipment for this purpose to know the concentrations of heavy elements mixed with minute dust classes year study showed the highest concentration of elemental iron ( 20501 mg / kg ) scored at the site of Khanaqin , the highest of the permissible limits. And find out the extent of the impact of this precipitation air on humans , plants and animals

دور الاطراف الفاعلة في التنمية المستدامة واثرها على الزراعة في محافظة ديالى

Author name: اسراء عبد الرحمن العبيدي

Supervisor name: عبد الله حسون محمد | مهدي صالح دواي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/GOGRAPHY/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%20%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86.pdf

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة بالكشف عن دور الاطراف الفاعلة في التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في محافظة ديالى وبيان العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية التي رسمت صورة هذا التوزيع مع ابراز المشاكل والمعوقات التي تحدد من التنمية الزراعية المستدامة، ومحاولة معالجتها للوصول الى تنم | The problem of study area represented by exploring about the role of the active parts for sustainable agricultural development of Diyala government and declaration the physical and human factors which had figure this distribution with displaying the problems and obstruction which limits the agricultural development and trying to handle it to reaching for an sustainable agricultural development. For purpose to know the impacts of the active parts this study containing explore about the changing due to the agricultural production which consider the base year is 2002 and the comparative year is 2012 depending on this approach of area unit for achieving the aim of exploring about type, the size of changing for any pattern from Patterns of agricultural land use Whether with production or by area, The study found that there are slight positive change in the study area in terms of area and production in most of the districts of the study area for the specific duration, Varying proportions of its users to another where different geographical factors contributed. In order to shed light on this study, the researcher has worked to divide this study into four chapters, the first chapter included the theoretical framework of the research problem, hypothesis, purpose of the study, study area margins, its geographical location, its justifications, conceptual framework, as well as a surveying of relevant previous studies indicating that the structural and conditions of the research. While second part containing Geographical properties which affects upon sustainable agricultural development it comprises two subjects : First specialized with physical properties represented by Geological structure, Topographical features, Climate elements, Soil, Water resources whereas second contained human properties represented with population ,machinery, transportation and marketing , capital, agricultural credit ,fertilizing and agricultural course ,agricultural pests and Diseases ,irrigation and drainage system, all of these due to the developing of agricultural production with two types plant and animal. Through the third part, which included the last three subjects first illustrates the spatial variation of agricultural production in the study area by the geographical distribution of tracts and the production of agricultural crops, while the second studying the developing of potential output in the study area, including the treatment of the phenomenon of drought and treatment problem of Stalinization of soil and treatment harmful plants (noxious plants) and agricultural policies that support for the agricultural production while third depict the changing ratio of area ratio and production between base year2002 and comparative year 2012. While the fourth chapter composed the problems of sustainable agricultural development in the study area and then put the proposed solutions to them and then draw a picture of the future direction for sustainable agricultural development in the study area through which that the researcher sees the best method in sustainable agricultural development and increase agricultural production to meet the food requirements of the population then the most important results and recommendations which the researcher reached to it Which seeks to achieve the aim of the study for future Follow with the process of description and analysis the cartographic representation of the of sustainable agricultural development phenomena and changes, in addition for tables and Diagrams

الاستيطان الريفي في قضاء خانقين == District Rural Settlement In Khanaqin

Author name: سارة عبد الله حسون محمد

Supervisor name: عبد الامير عباس عبد الحيالي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: الاستيطان الريفي في منطقة خانقين قديم يعود الى العهد البابلي والاكدي, وقد نشات الزراعة والمستوطنات الريفية في خانقين لتوافر المياه والتربة الخصبة والمناخ الملائم. فقد انشئت مدينة خانقين في العهد السلوقي ونشات السعدية وجلولاء في العهد البابلي. هدف الرسالة | Rural settlement in Khanaqin age - old goes back to the era of the Babylonian and Akkadian, was originated agriculture and rural settlements in Khanaqin to the availability of water and fertile soil and a favorable climate. Established the city of Khanaqin in the Seleucid era and the towns of Jalula and Saadia in the Babylonian era. This study examines the rural settlement in Khanaqin Bnuahah three (center hand Khanaqin, Jalawla, hand Saadia), and Qdahtot study on the introduction and four chapters, conclusions and recommendations and extract the message, which included the first chapter theoretical framework The second chapter deals with geographical factors and their role in the emergence and growth or deterioration and the demise of rural settlements, and the location of the city of Khanaqin, strategic and location on the road (silk) and as a gateway Zagros and the only outlet to Iran and Asia Minor and China, all the invasions and military campaigns that targeted Baghdad, Syria and the region passed the port of Khanaqin, and the first areas were damaged and destroyed is an area of Khanaqin and its settlements and rural Square was war of the countries opposing the occupation of Iraq was a citizen in the area of Khanaqin, paying the price of the geographical location dearly with his life and his property was also not dehydrated for his loyalty national because the boundaries in these areas were unstable and stable. because of natural conditions and human witnessed the study area demographic changes in 1977, the number of rural population 32569 people because of population migration to the central and southern governorates for security reasons, political, military, and because of the scarcity of water and the difficulty of providing water for agriculture, rose Addscan countryside in 2011 to more than 89751 people, an increase of (55 182) people and possibly more than that number, and the reason is due to the return of displaced peasants to their villages and lands. either Chapter III Vqdtnol Morvolgih rural settlements and housing density of the individual and the family, which amounted to (6) individual / unit and (2) family / unit. either the fourth quarter Vqdbges the role of natural and human factors in determining the image of the geographical distribution. Rural settlements and patterns. Vkdzart in the stuy area three modes, a linear modes which hit rate (25.9%) and style accumulated total (50.4%) and widespread pattern of total (23.7%) of the total villages in the study area, as it appeared the highest percentage of pattern accumulated in the countryside Center hand Alqdhaeltoffer water and fertile soil. this chapter also ranks volumetric rural settlements and rural settlements focus of large sizes in the northeastern parts of Khanaqin and southern parts of the hand Saadia. The fifth chapter handled sectoral planning and local levels and its impact on the development of the countryside of the judiciary and relationships, health, education, electricity and drinking water to the villages of the judiciary and also covered the role of farm associations in agricultural and rural development in Khanaqin, and finally was reached many of the indicators and proposals which Maevid planners and decision makers preparation of development plans and programs appropriate and necessary for the advancement of rural settlement in the region and find ways to improve them in the future.

الاشكال الارضية فـي حوض نهر الونـد وعلاقتها بتكتونية المنطقة == Landforms In Alwand River Basin And Their Relation With The Area Tectonics

Author name: زيد عبد محمود

Supervisor name: منذر علي طه الخالدي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: تمت دراسة الاشكال الارضية في حوض نهر الوند وعلاقتها بتكتونية المنطقة وما كونه النهر من مظاهر جيومورفولوجية متباينة شكلها عند مروره بالمنطقة المدروسة.تقع منطقة الدراسة في الجزء الشمالي الشرقي من العراق ضمن النطاق غير المستقر , وتغطي ترسبات الزمن الرباعي | The study deals with the geomorphologic shapes resulting from the river - curves in Alwand river and their relation with the area tectonics and the various geomorphologic aspects the river has done when it has passed by the study area.The study area has located in the northeastern of Iraq in unstable zone which is covered with the Quaternary sediments including the river sediments of Pleistocene and Holocene age.In fact , the various geomorphologic processes of the area have been studied as well as the natural features as geology , climate and soil.Moreover ,the morph metric analysis processes of the basins and drainages have been done using the modern techniques as remote sensing and Geographic information systems (GIS)to conduct the study and analyze the basin surface digitally. Also, this study has shown the existence of geomorphologic erosion - sedimentary features, these erosion processes have happened synchronously with the sedimentary processes including pleats and river curves as well as other sedimentary features as river islands ,natural levees and flood plain.The study has shown that the tectonic effect on Wand river causes many curves in its current ,that is the folding process happened because the effect of horizontal stresses which are pushed from the northeastern towards the southwestern caused by the movement and collision of the Arab plate with Iranian Plate. The earth manifestations in the study area caused by two forces : the internal forces represent the earth movement which cause the formation of folds and faults in the area. Such forces cause many geomorphologic phenomena of erosion - structural origin as Cuesta and Dhahr Alhalwf(hog back). The second forces are the external ones which represent the phenomena of erosion origin as caves phenomenon and honey combs phenomenon(Beyout alnahl),and other sedimentary origin as alluvial fans and filled valleys.In addition, the study also,proves that some of the earth movable material as rock fall ,and slab slid ,all these have happened because of the existence of rock discontinuities shown as joints (bc,ac) in the solid or hard sandstones.The desk analysis results have shown the directions of the longitudinal and transversal valleys in the land sat image(2013 TM landsat 5 250000 : 1)and have proved that there is a relation between bending valleys directions and the joints caused by the tectonic processes.This relation indicates that the transversal valleys employ the (ac)joints in their current which are vertical to the axis ply corresponding to the stress direction that causes the fold ,whereas longitudinal valleys tend to employ the (bc)joints corresponding to the axis ply which are considered as release joints happened after the calmness of the stress causing the folding.Through the positional studies of such joints in the field stations ,it has been proved that most of the joints in these stations take two directions : the first is the vertical to the fold axis between (050 - 060), and the second type is the joints which are parallel to the fold axis between (121 - 130).Some of the second type joints are considered as extension ones whereas the others are conjugate.Studying those joints and their directions shows that the study area has passed by a number of events. These events are horizontal compressive stress its direction is northeastern - southwestern followed by extension stress happened later. Then, the conjugate joints which are (Hko) type (a) exposed to great effect of whose direction is northeastern - southwestern causing the folding process.but the other joints have shown that there is no relation between the joints and the fold process but the reason is some different tectonic development which comes later. These joints have played an important role in delimitating the general current of Alwand river and its directions.

الخصائص الفيزياوية والكيمياوية للتربة في قضاء بعقوبة واثرها في زراعة الحمضيات وانتاجها

Author name: سالم احمد محمد التويجري

Supervisor name: محمد عبد عباس التميمي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

التحليل المكاني للاستثمار الزراعي في ناحية بحركة

Author name: طلعت محمد طاهر عمر البوتاني

Supervisor name: علي عبد عباس العزاوي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Mosul

First pages:

واقع الخدمات البلدية والمجتمعية في مدينة هبهب في ضوء التوسع الحضري للمدينة == The Reality Of Municipal And Community Services In The City Of Hibhib In Light Of Urbanization Of The City

Author name: هدى قاسم محمد

Supervisor name: محمد يوسف حاجم الهيتي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/AT2015/%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%89%20%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%20%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF.pdf

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: المدينة كائن حي ينمو وينضج ويتكاثر وله عوامل عديدة تغذيه وتدفعه باتجاه هذا النمو فاذا ما توسعت المدينة وكبر حجمها واذا ما تلاشت ونعدم اثرها. يقف وراء ذلك جملة من العوامل والمستلزمات التي تعمل على نهوض وتطور المدينة وهذا مراكزت عليه هذه الدراسة وهو جانب من | City living organism grows and matures and multiplies has many factors fueled and driven towards this growth. If what the city has expanded and grew in size and if they vanished and no shortage impact. Behind it a number of factors and supplies that operate on the advancement and development of the city and this is what has focused upon this study an aspect of these factors, a municipal and community - based services that have a direct contact in the lives of the urban population and raise the city level and show their beauty and civilization and stability, has been shed light on what carried out by the municipality of cleaner and paving the streets and service parks, which are breathing city, and education and health services and assess the efficiency and the most important shortcomings and deficits in the provision of these services and the most important obstacles and problems encountered as well as the development and proposals of solutions and the addition of tables and ratios to do the work and the advancement of this service as it showed the indicators used to measure the efficiency of municipal services to the low level of efficiency of this service in the city of HIBHIB represented not street network efficiency in terms of tiling, furniture and neglect and lack of follow - up and ongoing MRO with existing streets where abound Altaksvat as it has been provided (10200 m / i) of streets paved of the city, while the form of disability ( 67 919 m / i), in addition to the lack of parks and gardens service efficiency as it has been providing space (11550 m2) out of space (181 450 m 2) as described Balrdaih from a sample of view, and this confirms the poor to provide this service and the dissatisfaction of the population about it and the performance of the municipality, either community services (health and education) were characterized by flexibility and efficiency between resources and population size, the study showed the absence of a current deficit of the two services and develop plans to avoid any shortfall or defect until 2030.

اثر عناصر المناخ في زراعة وانتاج محصول الرمان في قضاء المقدادية == The Effect Of Climate Factors In Planting And Producing The Pomegranate Crop In Al - Miqdadyah District

Author name: خالد احمد حسين خميس التميمي

Supervisor name: يوسف محمد علي حاتم الهذال

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: ان هذه الرسالة تبحث في اثر عناصر المناخ في زراعة وانتاج محصول الرمان في قضاء المقدادية وكان هدف الدراسة الكشف عن تاثير عناصر المناخ في زراعة وانتاج محصول الرمان.ومن هنا انطلقت المشكلة البحثية (ما اثر عناصر المناخ على زراعة وانتاج محصول الرمان في قضاء المق | This study aims at investigating the effect of the climate factors in planting and producing the pomegranate in Al - Miqdadyah district.So, the study problem began from the study hypothesis which suggest that (the climate factors have an influential effect in the prosperity of the pomegranate and the determination of its ripeness time.The climate factors the study deals with are (light, temperature, wind, humidity ,rain).Moreover, the study depends on theclimate data of the weather stations in (Khanaqeen and Khalis)for 12 years from(2001 - 2012).The study is divided into four chapters in addition to the conclusions and recommendations.The study has shown that the great temperature exceeded the usual levels during the ripping time and the gathered temperature was appropriate for planting the crop in the study area ,also the studyhas revealed that the rain levels were insufficient so they depended on supplementary irrigation. Moreover ,it has been founded a noticeable outbreak of many blights such as Mediterranean fruit worm and the Pomegranate trunk - carver particularly in the east of the study area ,actually changes in trends and average towards decreasing in vaporization /exudation caused decrease in the water consumption of this crop to be reflected positively in the reduction of water ration and water inefficacy.Besides , the study has shown that the pomegranate production trend is towards decreasing as proved by the statistical devices in Khalis weather station that(speed of wind, sun brightness, normal temperature) are the most effective factors on the production of this crop ,that is the (t - test)assures the significance of these factors with(95%)whereas the (F - test)assures the significance of these factors (99%)and the value of the selection coefficient(R2) is(97%).In Khanaqeen weather station ,the factors (speed of wind, sun brightness and lowest temperature )are the most effective ones in the production of the crop,that is the (t - test)pointed out the importance of the factor is(95%)for the lowest temperature and(0.99)for the speed of wind and sun brightness , whereas the (F - test)assures the significance of these factors (99%)and the value of the selection coefficient(R2) is(99%).

المجال الحيوي الجغرافي للعراق وتطبيقاته الجيوبولتيكية

Author name: ضمياء حسين صالح الشمري

Supervisor name: عبد الامير عباس عبد الحيالي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

تقييم كفاءة مواقف السيارات في مدينة كربلاء ومتطلباتها المكانية == Efficiency Assessment Of Car Parks In Kerbala City And Its Spatial Requirements

Author name: مروة فاضل عبيد الموسوي

Supervisor name: رياض كاظم سلمان الجميلي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography of Cities

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The current study with its aims and adopted method concentrated on studying a significant part of civil transportation system and the most important civil services in the city focusing on the most available services in the city in general that serve the city population. Its target is the spatial distributional study for these city services. that is by knowing the extent of suitability of this distribution to population requirements and responding to their future needs. Through the results achieved by the study by using number of designed and space measurements depending highly on the field study and field survey process that compromised car parks in the Holy Kerbala for the year (2016) relying on number of reliable plan standards when estimating the need of each use of these city services. This is in addition to studying these parks in Kerbala city by its relation with other old city sectors and services available in the car parks. This is in addition to knowing city needs for these services. Number of these parks reached to( 73) among other parks available in Kerbala city as well as limiting proportion of each service inside the parks through the results that the researcher reached at. It was found that the city suffers from missing these services beside knowing the spatial directions that are taken by these parks. It was noticed through the study that most car parks gathered in the old city center and most city uses that affect distributing these parks in the religious use. This justifies the cause behind gathering parks close to the city center particularly in Maithem Attemar street. Thus, the religious factor plays a basic role in distributing those services of the city. So, the car parks of the old city formed proportion reached to (49) car parks of the total number. Proportion of these parks lessen in Al Haideryah and Al Jezerah districts. This justifies shortage of parks in this sector to misplan of these parks when there are no city basic designs. There is also no estimation for the real need for future city needs to these services

التحليل المكاني لتغير استعمالات الارض السكنية الى تجارية في مدينة النعمانية : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Residential To Commercial In The City Of Land Use Change Numaniyah ( A Study In The Urban Geography )

Author name: يوسف حران فارس حريز

Supervisor name: عبد الجليل ضاري عطا الله السعدون

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: Wasit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Wasit

First pages:

Abstract: تعاني المدن اليوم من مشاكل كثيرة نتيجة للنمو الحضري السريع الناجم عن تزايد عدد السكان فيها وارتفاع المستوى الاقتصادي لهم والتطور العلمي والتكنولوجي وسعي المواطنين للحصول على الخدمات التجارية وتحقيق فرص العمل والاستثمار التجاري، والذي يؤدي الى تعدد الاستعم | Today , cities Suffer from many problems as a result of rapid urban growth resulting from the growing population in them and the increase of their economiclevel and scientific and technological development and the pursuit of citizens for commercial services and achieving employment and business investment, which leads to the versatility and diversity and overlap of uses within cities, and as a result of lack of proper planning for trading use in the basic outline of the city as well as the absence of control by the Directorate of the municipality, which led to a change in class of residential use for the benefit of commercial use clearly to the lack of hierarchy for commercial services in the city, especially in the central commercial area and main streets, secondary and some neighborhoods of the city, which in turn, contributed to a significant change in the category of residential use in these places in the city. This study aims to detect temporal and spatial disparities in changing the use of land residential to commercial use in the city NUMANIYA during the study period (2003 - 2013) and to identify the most important reasons for the occurrence of the phenomenon and the statement of positive and negative effects caused by these changes and of the effects (social, economic, environmental, architectural , traffic... etc.) that affected the urban landscape of the city, as well as recognize the reality of urban land uses in the study area, specifically the commercial use of them in particular for being a place of study.The researcher has adopted in the study of geographic analytical approach that looks at the spatial relationships of the phenomenon and determine the geographic factors affecting it, as well as some of the methods used for statistical treatment of the subject from different angles and aspects

التغير المكاني للسكان في البحرين للفترة من 1971 - 1991 == The Spatial Change Of Population In Bahrain Betwee11 1971 - 1991

Author name: هدى داود نجم السعد

Supervisor name: مصطفى عبد الله محمد السويدي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: The importance of the population studies has become greater in geographical, soial and economic studies in very quickly time. Studying the geography and the cience of population has become one of the basic methods in geograpgy and socioloy sinces, it can solve the recent problems by realizing and analysing them aswell as inding the rriost suitable answers for them, which are presented by the results of the opulation studies and its possiblities of applications in developing, economic, social nd development plans in many states especially those which are under going a connuous and fast changes, just like Bahrain and the rest of the Gulf Oil states.Bahrain can be considered as an oil state which population are greatly controlled y the political, economic and social factors, since the discovery of oil has made radical change, It has transfered the economy of such state from a conventional one epending on agricultul - .e : , and fishing to amodren one depnding on oil incomes and vestments As aresult, aforign labour has brough u to manage the developing moveent as well as supporting the shortage in national labour and contributed grealtlydeveloping these states.The foreign labour has helped in achieving the developing plans, but, it has left s veral demographic, social, economic and political influences on the population of e region, and their growth, construction, distribution and their movement. By conSfdering what is said above, the aim of this research is studying the population in ahrain whether they are native or not and the role of the spatial and natural moveent of the people in showing the spatial changes in the compartive census periods 71, 1981 and 1991 then analysing and finding their causes and motives according the geography of population.This desertation consists of four chapters. The first one deals with the population ovements of the people and its effect inchanging the number of the population.oreover, this chapter is divided in to two sections, the first one deals with the patns and motives of the residential movement in atheoritical approach, while the s cond section concentrateji on the directions of the coming migration to Bahrain by studying its development and trends a~d - it~ pla~or.mqEr, - The second chapter discusses the populatipn growth ¥1d 1~ts effect on the change of the population bulk in Bahrain by studying the development of the populati6n 9~f!' : jt1~,jilld clearing the rule of the natural enlargment of every clase of the Bahrai - 7ty in the population growth of the state. 1~7.third chapter deals with the influence of the spatial change on the population 1dis - t~gutiqn in the ·state by studying the spatial change and population distribbution d~fi~rrding on the standareds of relative and density distribution and Knowing the rcoet : itre of population and density as well as the actual distribution of population. . Moreover, the fourth chapter, sums up the major factors affecting the distribu; tioni·~f population in Bahrain by discussing them into two groups in order to show tHt : nattiral and human factors in distribution, besides the problem of redistribution'of people - in the state and applying its effects. 'Finally; the researcher puts the conclusionss he has found throngh stuying this subject - the most outstanding one of them is that the coming migration plays a fundemental role in changing the population bulk and spatial diffrences through the diffrent census periods - at the encl of the desert ation.

التركيب الداخلي لمدينة سوق الشيوخ وعلاقتها الاقليمية : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

Author name: صلاح هاشم زغير الهاشم

Supervisor name: عبد الحسين جواد السريح

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

التباين المكاني للانتاج الزراعي في اقليم اعالي الفرات

Author name: كمال صالح كزكوز

Supervisor name: سالم سعدون المبادر

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: The Second Chapter deals with the human factors related to workers, irrigation and the adopted means of it.The plants symbolized by big dams, drainage and the projects that deal with the agrarian refonns. It also deals with the ownership system and its affect on the agricultural product It has also some comments on the agricultural policy and the biological factors, transportation and marketing.As for the Third Chapter, which is regarded as the ma.in idea in this study, we see that it is specialized on studies of the agricultural product of the year 1988 to make it clear that the variance of places have something to do with the agricultural product, headed by classificqtion of the product and the scales adopted in some of the geographical studies.In this Chapter there are also studies on farming a and orchards as for their distribution on suberbs and the geographical factors behind that. At last this Chapter studies the agricultural changes between 1980 - 1988. This study aims to focus the place variance onagricultural production in Upper Euphrates region which consists the suberbs of Ramadi, Heat, Haditha, Aana and Al - Qaem.The region is situated in the western part of Iraq in Anbar Governarate which is about 29% of the survey of the whole Governarate. The survey of this region is regarded as 9.2% compared to the survey of Iraq.This region is suffering from a big problem which is the limited fertile land for agrivulture that does not exceed 1% from the whole survey of the land in the region.The study consists of.three Chapters. In the First Chapter, the researcher deals with the Natural factors affecting the variance of plance on agrilcultural products after flashing the light on studies concerning the place and the size of the region. The survey of the directorate and the important administrative development in the region In addition to the background on the surface, the climate, the soil and water resources that affect on the agricultural production.

اتجاهات وسرع الرياح السطحية في العراق == Directions And Velocity Of Surface Wind In Iraq

Author name: عزيز كوطي حسين الحسيناوي

Supervisor name: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: Among many other climatic elements, wind is the one of the most important ones for its an active role in specifying the nature of climatic features ; which consequently made it essential to study directions and velocity of wind both for meteorologists and climatologists as they cause a lot of weather changes such as those occurring to temperature, humidity and others. They - wind - lead, for instance, to rise temperature if they come from warm sides and decrease it in case they come from cold ones.If they were humid, they would cause rainfall over areas beneath and they also, in case of being speedy, cause dust storms of both kinds : sand and earthen ones.Wind affects many economical activities. They affect on determining the sites of industrial establishments and where its waste dumps should be located; on city construction and agriculture productivity along with exploiting wind in various fields such as using it in generating energy.The purpose of this research is to study directions and velocity of surface wind in Iraq as far as its differences in time and place between the southern, northern and middle zones, and the one zone stations are concerned.A 30 years climatic cycle (1961 - 1990) was chosen to the amount of 12 stations distributed in the country as follows : - Zakho , Kurkuk, Suliamaniya, and Mosel stations for northern region - Khnakeen, Ana , Alrutba and Baghdad stations for middle region. - Al - Hai , Al - Diwaniya, Al - Nassiriya and Basra stations for southern region.The research included three chapters. The first one dealt with affecting controls on directions and velocity of surface wind in Iraq. These controls were divided into stable ones : (locations as for latitude, topographic relief and water flats) and dynamic : (air pressure, air masses, weather fronts and weather highs and lows). The second chapter treated of wind ,directions in Iraq as to its differences in time and place according to circled - directions sectors. It was also possible to study the weather condition of the change of prevailing directions for chosen stations in the country. As for the third chapter, it was devoted to study the velocity of surface wind in Iraq and show its differences in time and place. It also studied the standard velocity registered in station during different years as well as the daily course of the velocity of surface wind in the stations of the study during January and July.In final, the research contained conclusions being reached through studying the subject of this research.

سكان محافظة القادسية : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == Al - Qadisiya Governorate Population A Study In Population Geography

Author name: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان

Supervisor name: عبد مخور نجم الريحاني

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

حوض وادي ورزان : دراسة في جغرفية الموارد المائية == Wadi W Arazan Basin A Study In The Geography Of Aquatic Resources

Author name: جلال عبده ابراهيم عثمان

Supervisor name: سعود عبد العزيز عبد المحسن الشعبان الفضلي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: This study is aimed to assist. The aquatic resources in Wadi Warazan Basin in the Republic of Yemen in order to estimate the water balance with regard to the natural resources and the way of usage in the different fields of activities.The importance of this study depends on the fact that wadi Warazan Basin which is (412)Km2 is one of the most fertile a agricultural areas, moreover area it is regarded to be a tourism area. The second thing is that the basin is more close to Taiz city which suffers at the present from water shortage.The final results of the study show that : 1 - The most rainy seasons are spring and summer especially, in some few days during the rain season. The most rainy month is August (14.8%) of the total rain while December is regarded to be the lesser rainy month (0.7%). The rainfall estimations during (44) years is about (346 - 875.8)mm. 2 - The annual aquatic in Wadi Warazan Basin ts about (241 349 600)m33 - The ground water runoff increases during autumn, because it occurs after the rain season, where there are many quantities of the ram underground. In contrast, other months of the year has less drainage.4 - The armual drainage which is (3492)m3 per hour varies in (193.6%) because of it's close relation with rainfall. 5 - The (165.59)mm out of the total annual rainfall is found to a wasted aquatic quantities as a result of evaporation.6 - The Absence of specific channels, which leads to increase the evaporation rate in the valley. In addition the pools which fonned at the sides of the valley represented a suitable environments for transfer various diseases such as Schistosomiasis (Belhars) and Malaria diseases. 7 - The deviation factor of Wadi Warazan shows the variation in the compactness of their rocks, so the evaporation rate of ground water runoff produced as a result of the expansion of the area exposed to the sun light.Moreover barriers and folts at the long side are an important factors for ground water recharge.8 - The present consumption of the ground water appears to be in the higher rocky aquatic layer and the volcanic aquatic rocky layer third layer (Tawila Sandstone) seems to be unconsumed because it's (600)m deep.9 - The ground water is affected by the increasing number of wells.10 - The aquatic basin net work appear to be having a high density of valleys number about (1.05)/Km2 which affects the surface flow that makes floods danger is probable.11 - It seems that the aquatic basin resources may become unable to met the increasing demand of the area and Taiz city as regarded to be an alternative to solve the city water supply problem. Moreover, the rising of the population in the basin.

جوانب من النظام الحضري في محافظة ذي قار

Author name: ماهر يعقوب موسى

Supervisor name: مضر خليل العمر

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تقييم دور نهر ام المعارك في تنمية الموارد المائية

Author name: صفاء عبد الامير رشم الاسدي

Supervisor name: حمدان باجي نوماس

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: Water is considered as a strategic resource for economic development.Thus , Um Al - Maark possesses considerable development of water resources in the lower Euphrates basin. The river takes from the right bank of the Euphrates (10) kms downstream ofNasiriya with a total length of (108) kms. There are five canals branching from the right bank of the river each with a capacity of 25 cumers. The river controls 60 - 65 % (185) cumecs (5,82) bcm of the Euphrates discharge at Nasiriya ( 199) - 1998). Its water discharge is affected by seepage losses with (0.45 - 0.55 ) m3 I m1 I day and evaporation from the channel with (0.04) bcm, due to high average temperature (24.6) °C and very high soil permeability (15 - 43) m/d.Um Al - Maark plays a vital role in water resources conservation by controlling water distorted at the Marches and Arabian Gulf and directed to the western desert to irrigate (150000) ha. Furthermore, the river maintains the Euphrates and Shatt Al - Arab water quality by limiting the Marshes polluted wat : - r with an EC value (6) mmhos I cm which increased water 11 salinity of the river's at Qurna to ( 5.1) mmhos I cm during ( 1990 - 1992 ) COIDJ - 'dred to the previous salinity 0.96 ( 1967 - 1969). The water quality of the rivers has been decreased to (2.3) and (2.6) mmhos I cm ( 1995 - 2000) at Qurna and Maqil respectively, as a result of the implementation of Um Al - Maark, Saddam and Al - Ezz rivers.UM Al - Maark will be used as flood control system. It will be able to convert (508) cumecs from the flood water to the western desert as in 1988 and up to now to be used for irrigation and artificial groundwater recharge.These will maintain environment system. The ri·.'er promotes considerable economic and environmental developments forward by utilizing the desert virgin land with (150000) ha.The present irrigated land is (6250) ha, producing (3525) tons. This will L increase to (580800) tons/year with a net value of (77190) MIDS (38.6) M$Um Al - Maark is an important system for artificial groundwater rech?.rge in the Dibdibba area which has a rapid agriculture development affecting groundwater storage due to increasing demands and low natural recharge with (0.63) and (0.31) bcrn respectively. As a result the groundwater level decrease to (0.25) m I year and salinity increases to ( 0.28) mrnhos I cm I year. Therefore,Um Al - Maark is constructed to feed groundwater with (l.35) hem. This increases the groundwate r level and decreases salinity by (0.8) m/year and (0.4 )mrnhos /cm/ year respectively.Thus the river maintains water efficiency to cope with future development. Finally , to implement the river objectives the following measuresshould be considered : l. It is necessary to construct two regulators on Um Al - Maark and the Euphrates.2. An Authority should be established to be responsible for sand dunes control , lining canals,hydrological , geological , climate , soil and natural vegetation information.3. Effective irrigation methods should be applied. 4. High agriculture intensity should be used.5. Farm management practics regarding training , machinery , irriga.ion , ,drainage , fertilizer... etc should be enhanced.6. Water should be well distributed between the river canals and lining should be adopted7. Studies regarding water and land resources should be enlarged.8. Agricultural facilities such as roads , electricity , machinery , health centers and education should be considered.9. Vegetation cover should be improved.

تقويم مشاريع الخير الاروائية في محافظة البصرة == Evalution Of Al - Khair Irrigation Projects In Basroh Provi Nee

Author name: صلاح مهدي عريبي الزيادي

Supervisor name: حمدان باجي نوماس

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تحليل جغرافي للامكانات الزراعية في قضاء ابي الخصيب وافاقها المستقبلية == A Geographical Analysis To The Agrarian Possibilities In Abie Al - Khaseeb Town An Their Future Horizons

Author name: ابتسام كاطع خاجي اللامي

Supervisor name: بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: 14.haseeb t plant greens since they herp in developing the farmer's ihcome.I The umber of palm4rees was (2911999) in 1978 but it beca1m - - - f 845000) 1995 because of the Iranian aggression. The agraian post /offices co perated with the farmers for the replantation to be (924327) palm.tree/ n 2000 which represents (31%) in comparison with 1979. Th study ex~~~ the farmers' io.t.erlgi(ng, in planting diffj~t th typaj oft ees which ~e a.bsent before the flood 1969 which causes~ of most fthem,' the fanners neglect such type~ because they j~ided oth~r economi fields like petrol - industry and general services because of thetJt! hi h ffrcomefi; fr; - .>T e study expressed several problems which ~t the agrariam produc on and the agrarian developmen)e~pecially in Al - Seebah,lhese prob le 0 1. The salty soil and the neglected '&ard - er~ which ha~o systematic# irri ation and drainage cbnals and they contain thick needs and other pla ts which became the main reason to~ the negative influences up n the exploited gardens. 2. Th reduction of Shatt - Al - Arab water helps the salty water of Arab G If to l progress to reach at this area and influences the lands n gativelly. 3. T ere are se".ei;al - types of the biological factors /affect the garden c ops like the l : iushes and the other diseases.4. The expensive workmen in the field of agriculture.The study shows that there are various possibilites that have not f \'.. Y;q,, exploited yet to develop the agricultural production. There is Oi possibility to the h<;>~~ontal exp.Qnsion (84o/o) from the lands that can J;>e exploited amfthe exploitation of the salty soils in AJSeebah and v.,~,,l. lages lik~ Al - Fyadh, Al - baljania, Kut Al - Zain, AI - Mutua' and others1Moreover4 tlte production ability of the really ,e~polited areas can be lifted up through the use of scientific devices and the logical exploitation of water. Al - Seebah also should be developed and the population should be encouraged to return back : ' uv - - · 'L ~.. r)c'1\N\<v\f rfK 1After : ~ le~vi~gl ~( : : - a~e Iranian agrrission 1980J Jhe • government adopted a pseful agrarian policy included several strattgies like the director granting which aims at providing the healty house, to the farmers and the achievements of croping, purification of iITigation and the compensaition of the dead palmtrees and the development of the animals wealth.

تحليل العلاقات المكانية لخصائص السكان في محافظة ذي قار

Author name: صادق جعفر ابراهيم

Supervisor name: علي حسن الخفاف

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: This study represents the first attempt for studying the population of Dhi Qar governorate. The study faced a nuznber of obstacles first of which was the administrative chaEges which this governorate has been witnessing.The following are the most important results we have arrived at in the study.1. Dhi Qar is one of the Iraqi governorates which has been characterised by population density during the period 1947 - 1977 where it has held either the fourth or sixth positive among Iraqi governorates.2. The poulation density of this governorate 1977 which was 45. 12.Pe ts on per kilometer was not distributed regularly to various parts of this place. This is due to the differences among the factors which affect the population distribution,whether they were natural or human factors •3. The dry climate in this governorate made the population depend in a limited manner on surface water and underground water. This distribution of the population was thus concentrated around the Euphrates and Al - Garaph rivers and also around the streams in addition to the dry edges of the marshes. 4. The rate of the population change in - this governorate was generally very limited throughout the years covered by the study. The highest rate which was 2.9%, occurred during the years 1947 - 1957. During 1965 - 1977 it decreased to become 1.9%.5. The results of this study indicated that the period 1978 - 1983 has shown a noticeable rise in the rate of natural increase. This goes in line with development of the medical or municipal services which have contributed a great deal in reducing the death rates.6. As for the structure of the popUlation, it is noticed that the geographical situation of this governorate in the sou thren part. of Iraq, away from the frontiers, has made all its population from the Arabs;only a limited number of other minorities is noticed here.7. The six rate in the governorate has increased for the behalf of the females. The number of in : nnigrants to the governorate during 1947 - 1977 should have been mainly from males who were after better chances for jobs.s. The community is Dhi Qar reflects the characteristics of youth. This would naturally affect any future positive changes such a phenomenon has been reflected in the population py : ramid where children and youth constituted 51,36% in 1977 and the rate of the disabled v1as 7 ,65% • 9. As for the distribution of the popUlation in the cities and the countryside the results of the four censuses done already showed a decrease in the number of people living in the cities during 1947 - 1977 although it has shown a noticeable rise during this period ra.Dging as follows : 15,65%, 18,65%, 27,62%, 39,71% respectively.10. The rural n<ture in this governorate has led to increase the rate of illiteracy which was 66,24% while it comes down to 53% in the other parts of the country.11. All the population of this governorate are Moslems.Since Islam encourages people to get married and bring children, the increasing number of people is expected. 12~ The results of the four censuses have shown that the circumstances of this governora.te make people leave for other parts of the country.13~ The countryside areas suffer from migration. The number of people registered in the four census shows no change or increase'.' 14. To take up its people in the future, this governora te should continue in growing its potentialities by reclaiming more lands, supporting agriculture developing new irrigation networks, and caring much for the animal resources. Winter tourism need to be backed up also.

المنطقة التجارية المركزية لمدينة الصدر : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

Author name: اسامة حميد مجيد هاشم السلطان

Supervisor name: صلاح هاشم الهاشم

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages: