الخصائص النوعية لمياه شط العرب وكرمة علي قرب محطات توليد الطاقة الحرارية
Author name:
مروة فريد عودة العطبي
Supervisor name:
حمدان باجي نوماس
General topic:
Geography
Specific topic:
Geography
Degree:
Master
University:
University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Basrah
First pages:
10T1423 - p.pdf
Abstract:
تناولت الدراسة الحالية تقييم الخصائص النوعية لمياه شط العرب وكرمة علي قرب محطات توليد الطاقة الحرارية اخذت عينات من الماء وحللت على اساس فصلين الصيف (اب) والشتاء (كانون الثاني) خلال عامي (2014 - 2015) وبواقع ست عينات لثلاثة مواقع لمحطة النجيبية اذ يقع الموق | The present study deals with the assessment of the qualitative properties of Shat Al Arab and Gharmat Ali water near thermal power stations. Samples of water were taken and analyzed on the basis of two - season approach , summer (August ) and winter (January ) during the period (2014 - 2015 ) , 6 samples per 3 sites. The first site lies at the water discharge zone. The second one lies at about 500 m the station westwards. The third site lies about 500 m the station eastward. furthermore , 3 sites were selected to the Al Hartha station. The first site lies at water discharge zone. The second site lies about 750 m the station Northward. the third site is about 500 m the station Southward. The focus was led on 14 parameters out of other water qualitative parameters which have a decisive effect affecting water potability , water suitability for irrigation , environment and industry. They are : EC , total dissolved solids (TDS) , Chloride , Sodium , Magnesium , Calcium , Magnesium , Bicarbonate , Base , BOD , Sulphate , suspended solids and total hardiness. The results of the present study explained the rate of electrical conductivity (2 ,4 - 3,3 - 3,4 ) d Siemens / m and (4 , 2 - 3 , 5 - 4 ,8 ) d Siemens / m for Al Najibiyah station. the rates of the dissolved solids values were also reported : (1516 - 2108 - 2170 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (2717 - 2295 - 3050 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. the rate of Chloride values ranged (308 - 300 - 405 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (209 - 368 - 509 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah.The rate of Potassium values ranged (75,2 - 80,8 - 50 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (153 - 120 - 110 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. The rate of Calcium values (164 - 140 - 196 ) mlg /ltr for Al Hartha and (180 - 200 - 212 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. Magnesium value rates ranged (106 - 100 - 120 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (124 - 133 - 165 ) mlg /ltr for Al Najibiyah. Bicarbonate value rates ranged (284 - 249 - 315 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (442 - 515 - 436 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah respectively. Base value rates ranged (205 - 220 - 215 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (295 - 310 - 330 ) for Al Najibiyah. concentration rate of BOD was within the range of (4,5 - 5,2 - 6 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha station and (4,2 - 6,25 - 8 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah station respectively. Sulphate value rates ranged (710 - 530 - 100 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (278 - 169 - 275 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah respectively. suspended solids value rates ranged (21 - 82 - 85 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. the water of the stations under study is hard. Total hardness value ranged (865 - 900 - 1000 ) mlg / ltr for Al Hartha and (905 - 920 - 980 ) mlg / ltr for Al Najibiyah. The study reflected a clear - cut deterioration in Shat Al Arab water properties that electrical conductivity and TDS have got both increased in both stations Furthermore , Chloride ion concentration was recorded to be higher than that of Bicarbonate and the later is higher than that of Sulphate while Calcium ion concentration was recorded to be higher than that of Magnesium. Moreover , the study demonstrated differences in the concentration of Sodium and Potassium ion as well as the suspended solids seasonally. Using such water for the purpose of drinking , irrigation and industry results in growing problems in terms of salinity and toxicity. It also brings drastic damages since most of which pass over the maximum limits approved by WHO.
