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الاستدلال عن مستقبلات الاستروجين ، البروجستيرون وعامل النمو البشري لدى مرضى سرطان الثدي في الناصرية2014 - 2015 == Expression of Estrogen, Progesterone and Human epidermal growth factor Receptors in Breast Cancer in Al - Nasiriya 2014 - 2015

Author name: اصيل ضيول حسن
Supervisor name: حميد نعيم موسى
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Higher Diploma
University: University of Thi-Qar - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Family And Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: الخلفية : سرطان الثدي هو الورم الخبيث الاكثر شيوعا ومشكلة الصحة العامة للسيدات في جميع انحاء العالم وفي العراق. سرطان الثدي هو مرض متغير الخواص للغاية، هناك ثلاث علامات تنبؤيه : مستقبلات الاستروجين، مستقبلات بروجسترون ومستقبلات عامل النمو عندها قيمة تنبؤيه مستقلة. يظهر تعبيرERفي 80 - 90% من المرضى بسرطان الثدي، بينما يظهر تعبيرPRفي 70 - 80 % من الحالات. مستقبلات عامل النمو موجود في 15 - 20% من الحالات. لهذاسرطان الثدي يمثل بشكل افضل بتعبير المستقبل المشترك من التمثيل بمستقبل واحد 0علامات الواسم المناعي - الكيميائي النسيجي (IHC) من مستقبلات هرمون الاستروجين (ER)،مستقبلات هرمون البروجسترون (العلاقات العامة) ومستقبلات عامل النمو (HER2) يمكن تصنيف التعبير الهرموني لسرطان الثدي الى 4 انواع فرعية : النوع الاول ثلاثي موجب مستقبلات الهرمونات(هرمون الاستروجين موجب والعلاقات العامة موجب ومستقبلات عامل النمو موجب)؛النوع الثاني (هرمون الاستروجين موجب والعلاقات العامة موجب ومستقبلات عامل النمو سالب)؛ النوع الثالث ثلاثي سالب مستقبلات الهرمونات (هرمون الاستروجين سالب والعلاقات العامة سالب ومستقبلات عامل النمو سالب)والنوع الرابع (هرمون الاستروجين سالب والعلاقات العامة سالب ومستقبلات عامل النمو موجب).الدراسات السابقة اظهرت ادلة على الفرق الجزيئية التي تكون مسؤولة عن الفرق النتيجة0الهدف من الدراسة : هو تقييم حالة الهرمونات وعلاقتهم بدرجة ومرحلة الورم لحظة تشخيص المرض0المرضى وطريقة العمل : كان نوع الدراسة دراسة مقطعية في محافظة ذي قارفي مدينة الناصرية في مستشفى الحبوبي مركز الاورام ،تضمنت 165 حالة من المرضى الذين شخصت اصابتهم بسرطان الثدي خلال فترة (كانون الثاني 2014 - كانون الاول 2015) تم تجميع معلومات كل مريض وتحليلها : عمر المريض ،الجنس، مكان الاقامة ومعلومات متعلقة بالورم مثل درجة الورم ومرحلة الورم، ومنزلة المستقبلات (ER،PR،her2مستقبلات)0النتائج : العمري الوسطي = 49 ± 11.1. وكانت معظم الحالات 75,2% هرمون البروجسترون موجب بينما هرمون الاستروجين موجب في (72.7٪)،ولكن معظمهم كانواHER2سالب(78.2٪). كان معظم المرضى من الدرجة الثانية (64.2 ٪ ) والمرحلة الثانية (50.3 ٪ )؛كان النوع الفرعي الاكثر شيوعا (ER / PR موجب وher2سالب )والتي تمثل 64.8٪ 0بالنسبة لمقارنة التعبير الهرموني للمرض مع درجة ومرحلة الورم لوحظ ان اعلى درجة الورم (الثاني) (76.93٪) وجدت في النوع الرابع (ER / PRسالب،HER2موجب) وكانت هناك علاقة بين التعبير الهرموني ومرحلة المرض0 الاستنتاجات : سرطان الثدي يمتلك خصوصية مستقبلات هرمونية0الكثير من الحالات توجد في المرحلة الثانية والدرجة الثانية لحظة التشخيص0 التعبير الهرموني السلبي متعلق بمرحلة متقدمة من المرض 0ينبغي توجيه الجهود في توحيد اساليب وتطوير اختبارات اكثر وثوقا لتشخيص المرض بمرحلة مبكرة0

Epidemiology of Acute Childhood and Adolescent Poisoning in Al - Nassiryia Poison Center (2013 - 2015)

Author name: Khashaa Abdulkadhum Jaber
Supervisor name: Raid Kareem Dehiol
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Higher Diploma
University: University of Thi-Qar - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Family And Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Background : Acute childhood and adolescent poisoning remain one of the important emergencies causing a significant burden to the populations with important morbidity and mortality rates. Epidemiological studies are so important to determine the extent of the problem, according to which the preventive strategies are related. Objectives : This study aimed to determine the epidemiological features of poisoning for the patients less than 19 years old in Thi - qar governorate, involving the main types, clinical presentations, management, outcome, and seasonal variation of poisoning. Methods : A descriptive cross sectional study was involved 340 patients recorded in Al - Nasiriyah poison center from (January 2013 to December 2015), data that collected from the case sheets and records of phone cases. These data was analysed by the statistical package of social science (SPSS) for analysis. Results : Toddler age group seen in 45% of cases with predominance of accidental type, while adolescents (14 - 18yrs.) are mostly intentional with female preponderance, two hundred cases (58.8%) of the exposed patients were male, urban populations are more prone to poisoning 236 cases (69.4%), accidental exposure is the commonest (83.2%), oral route is (99.4%), (62.9%) of the causative agents are pharmaceutical, and (50.7%) are asymptomatic. most of them treated conservatively (96.5%) with survival rate of (97.9%), mortality seen in those presented after the first 24 hrs. of exposure. One third of acute poisoning occurred in summer season.Conclusion : Toddler age group commonly prone to acute poisoning, male are more in accidental pattern, majority of patients were from urban population, one third of the poisoning occur at summer, and there is a strong relationship between time of arrival to the hospital and outcome of the patient

انتشار عوامل الخطر على نمط الحياة بين عينة من مرضى ارتفاع ضغط الدم في مستشفى الحسين التعليمي خلال سنة 2016 == Prevalence of Life Style Risk Factors among A sample of Hypertensive Patients Attending Al - Hussain Teaching Hospital during 2016

Author name: نورس عبد الله خضير
Supervisor name: مسلم ناهي سعيد
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Higher Diploma
University: University of Thi-Qar - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Family And Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: خلفية الدراسة : ان مرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم هو من اكثر اسباب الموت المبكر في العالم, وان عدد المصابين بمرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم في تزايد مستمر. ويعتبر ارتفاع ضغط الدم من العوامل الخطرة القابلة للتغيير والمسببة لامراض القلب والاوعية الدموية وكذلك امراض الكلى وغيرها.الهدف من الدراسة : لتقييم انتشار عوامل الخطر على نمط الحياة بين عينة من مرضى ارتفاع ضغط الدم في مستشفى الحسين التعليمي خلال سنة 2016. طرق العمل : تعتبر هذه الدراسة دراسة تحليلية مقطعية لعدد من المرضى المصابين مرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم, يبلغ عددهم 576 مريض ممن يرتادون مستشفى الحسين التعليمي في مدينة الناصرية خلال الفترة من الثاني من كانون الثاني 2016 ولغاية الاخر من ايلول لنفس السنة. ان هذه الدراسة تشمل جميع المرضى الذين تتراوح اعمارهم من 25 سنة فما فوق ومن كلا الجنسين ولديهم تشخيص سابق يثبت اصابتهم بمرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم وتم التشخيص بواسطة الطبيب. اما المرضى الغير مدركين باصابتهم بالمرض فهم غير مشمولين بالدراسة, وكذلك النساء الحوامل المصابين بمرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم خلال الحمل هم ايضا غير مشمولين بهذه الدراسة. لقد تم قياس وتحليل مستوى معرفة وتطبيق طرق تعديل النمط المعيشي لدى المرضى عن طريق استبيان خاص صمم خصيصا لهذه الدراسة. النتائج : اظهر تحليل نتائج البيانات ان عوامل الخطر بين عينة من مرضى ارتفاع ضغط الدم الذين يحضرون مستشفى الحسين التعليمي كانت على النحو الاتي : 40% لاستهلاك الملح ,34% لاستهلاك الدهون, 70% للتدخين, 80% للخمول وعدم ممارسة الرياضة و70% لزيادة الوزن والبدانة. الاستنتاجات والتوصيات : تبين هذه الدراسة ان كل عامل من عوامل الخطر في نمط الحياة بين عينة من مرضى ارتفاع ضغط الدم الذين يحضرون مستشفى الحسين التعليمي كان منتشرا للغاية مما يؤدي الى زيادة انتشار ارتفا ضغط الدم. توصي هذه الدراسة بتحسين كل من المعرفة والممارسة لتعديلات نمط الحياة في علاج المرضى. وكذلك يجب اتخاذ التدابير الصحيحة في تشخيص مرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم او ما قبل ارتفاع ضغط الدم من قبل الطبيب. | Background : Hypertension is the common cause of premature death in the world and the number of population with hypertension is increasing. It is a preventable risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, aortic dissection, atrial fibrillation, and chronic kidney disease and dementia.Aim of Study : To measure the prevalence of life style risk factors among a sample of hypertensive patients attending AL - Hussain teaching hospital. Subjects and methods : The study was an analytical cross sectional study for 576 hypertensive patients who had attending Al - Hussain teaching hospital in Nasiriya city during the period from the second of January 2016 to the end of September 2016. The study population included all patients aged 25 years and above of both sex with previous diagnosis of hypertension made by medical staff. While the exclusion criteria included those who do not know that they have hypertension, and pregnant women with gestational hypertension. The patient adherence to the individual item of life style modifications was investigated by a special questionnaire designed for the purpose of this study.Results : analysis of data showed that the prevalence of life style risk factors among a sample of hypertensive patients attending AL - Hussain teaching hospital were as the following : 40% for salt consumption, 34% for fat consumption, 70% for smoking,80% for physical inactivity and 70% for overweight and obesity.Conclusions : This study shows that each life style risk factor among a sample of hypertensive patients attending AL - Hussain teaching hospital was of high prevalence which lead to increase the prevalence of hypertension. These results recommend improving both knowledge and practice of life style modifications of patients care. Also correct measures need to be taken from the point of diagnosis of hypertension or pre - hypertension by the doctors or other members of the health care team.

تقييم نظام المعلومات الصحي في العراق == Assessment Of The National Health Information System In Iraq

Author name: ثائر عيسى مراد
Supervisor name: مازن غازي جاسم الربيعي | امجد داود نيازي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعتبر الاحصائيات الصحية الرصينة ضرورة لاتخاذ القرارات السليمة في كل مستويات النظام الصحي. ولكن في الحقيقة ان نظم المعلومات الصحية في معظم البلدان تعتبر غير كافية لتوفير المعلومات اللا زمة لدعم الادارة الصحية ولهذا فان معظم النظم الحالية تعتبر كعائق اداري | Sound health statistics are essential for health decision - making at all levels of the health system. Unfortunately, health information systems in most countries are inadequate in providing the needed management support and the current systems are therefore widely seen as management obstacles rather than as tools, the current study is an attempt to assess the health information system in Iraq with recognizing the strengths, weaknesses and gaps in addition to assessment of the structure and performance of this system; it also attempts to assess the behavioral, technical and organizational determinants affecting the health information system performance. A cross - sectional study was conducted for the assessment process and the levels of the assessment included the ministry of health (national level), the health directorates (provincial level), the districts related to the health directorates reaching to the health centers level, as well as the hospitals related to the health directorates, in addition to the ministry of planning and the ministry of interior. In addition to ministry of health (central level) a total of six governorates were selected by simple random sampling including the capital Baghdad with a seven districts were selected from those governorates also by simple random sampling and a total of twenty six health centers were selected from those districts, as well a total of seven hospitals were included in the study from all governorate and they were selected according to convenience. The interview has been done by using the health metrics network assessment tool version 4, in addition to a complementary assessment tools which are the PRISM package tools that were used at the district and primary health center levels. Based on the data collected and according to the health metric network assessment tool findings the overall health information system has laid in the adequate state (65.96%) with most of its comprising components function poorly. Data dissemination and use and data management categories were the weakest with a score of 50% and 53.3% respectively, while for the resources category it was found to be adequate 63.3%, and for that of HIS indicators, data sources and information product categories they were 73.3%, 66% and 69.6% respectively. For that of the PRISM tools and the findings obtained by them from the collected data the results revealed that a low data quality in term of accuracy with 29.03% at the facility level and 55.35% at the district level, while the completeness rate was excellent with a score 96.38% at the facility level and 98.23% at the district level, for that of the timeliness it was 70.43% timeliness at the district level. The information use for a given feedback at the facility was 50% and at the district was 82.12% and for observed meeting records it was 50% for the facility and 41.6% for the district level. For that of the functionality a 34.61and 67.30% of the facilities reported having a reminder mechanism for data completeness process and meeting a deadline for submitting monthly reports respectively, Data analysis was better at the district 85.71% than at the facility 81.7%, Data display were present in all of the facilities and districts. For the technical determinant the results showed 57%, 85.7%, 71.4% and 100% of the district respondents felt that the form is complex and difficult to follow, data software is a user - friendly, information technology is easy to manage and a comprehensive picture of the health system performance is captured by the system respectively,85.7% believed that the information system collecting information from some vertical programs and one district reported of no collection at all, in addition to that 100% reported the absence of a software that integrates data from different information systems and the available information technology doesn't provide full access procedure to district and senior managers. Regarding the behavioral determinants the results revealed that overall mean confidence for the information system tasks is 69.41% while for that of the task competence the overall mean competence level is 37.1%. Knowledge of checking data quality, knowledge of health information system rationale and problem solving showed results of 35.32% 37.68% and 2.98% respectively, and that of motivation level was 43.4%. Organizational determinants results revealed that the management functions at facility and district levels were almost absent, while for the perceived promotion of a culture of information it showed a total score of 63.96% and rewarding for a good performance was 56.83%. The activities for promotion of a culture of information are a 25% at the facility level and 28.75% at the district level. And that of supervision quality at the facility were (72.80%). Availability of resources revealed that 100% of the facilities have two or more computers and calculators respectively while only 57.7% have an internet access. Access to the electricity and water supply is very high, No facility reported of running out in registers in the last 12 months. Finally, the current study shows the importance for the need of further attention to be drawn to HIS, in addition to that, increasing the awareness and well coordinated efforts that need to be done to overcome weaknesses and to provide a well functioning HIS enabling for evidence based decision making and action provision in the health system.

تقييم وحدات الرعاية المركزة لحديثي الولادة في ردهات الولادة لمستشفيات بغداد == Evaluation Of Neonatal Intensive Care Units At Maternity Wards In Baghdad Hospitals

Author name: بشرى احمد عبد اللطيف
Supervisor name: جمال محمود الخضيري
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتباين انظمة الرعاية لحديثي الولادة المطبقة ولكنها كلها تعتمد على وحدات الخدج الموجودة في مختلف بلدان العالم النامية والمتقدمة.انجزت هذه الدراسة المقطعية التقويمية في وحدات حديثي الولادة لردهات الولادة في مستشفيات بغداد (الكرخ والرصافة) مستثنين وحدات ال | Neonatal health care is provided via a variety of neonatal care units that are available globally both in different developing and developed countries.A cross - sectional evaluation study was conducted in all accessible fifteen neonatal intensive care units in Baghdad (Kharkh and Rosafa) maternity wards, excluding paediatric hospitals, during the period from November 2013 till the end of March 2014.The study aims : 1. Health care evaluation in neonatal intensive care units of maternity wards in Baghdad hospitals in terms of input (human and non - human resources) and outcome.2. Identifying causes of admissions and causes of deaths occurring in neonatal intensive care units The study consisted of two parts : A structure evaluation is using a check list to assess availability of human and non - human resources, covering infrastructure, manpower, equipment, and supplies; and an outcome evaluation study using hospital registration records review for causes of admission and causes of death in neonatal intensive care units during the year 2013.It was found that the mean number of specialist doctors in neonatal intensive care units was 2.1 and with standard deviation ±1.3, and college nurse was 2.2, with standard deviation of ±4.004, pharmacist was 0.4 with standard deviation of± 0.516 and for supplementary staff 1.5 with standard deviation of± 0.516.More than half 54% of nurses had no training in neonatal care.Concerning the availability of general equipment it was adequate except for computers 40%.Air conditioning, lighting and windows in addition to safe water supply was good 100% but ventilation was poor 67%, hand washing area was not always present 60% and free elbow operated water tubes were available in 6.7%. Availability of neonatal intensive care units special area was adequate for storage area 85.7% gowning area78.6%, while all the remaining areas were poorly available (resting room, examining room, mother room, boiling and autoclave room, area for mixing intravenous fluid and medication).Neonatal intensive care units were narrow and area/incubator ranging from 2.28m2 to 4.36m2/ incubator. Number of incubators was 246 with patient/ incubator ratio 53.6 : 1 and 27% of Neonatal intensive care units had no regular maintenance for incubators. Large Neonatal intensive care units >25 incubators were overcrowded, having below standards area/incubator, incubators covers only two third of neonatal care. Still up to one third of Neonatal intensive care units are getting their oxygen supply by cylinders, not pipes. Most equipment for individual use were poorly available. Most of Neonatal intensive care units emergency (cupboard) drugs and supplies were sufficiently available round the clock. Total admissions to Neonatal intensive care units were 13195 neonates. Male neonate's admissions 60% were higher than females 40%. Main causes of admission were Respiratory distress syndrome 43%, prematurity and low birth weight 19.4%, and Transient tachypnea 17.4%; birth asphyxia 4%, and hypoglycemia 3.8%, Congenital anomalies 3.7%, Neonatal jaundice 3%, while meconium aspiration and septicemia were the lowest1%. From all these admissions 74% were discharged well, (6%) were referred, while those discharged against medical advice were (4%) and the rest (16%) died. The main causes of death in Neonatal intensive care units were Respiratory distress syndrome 34%, prematurity and low birth weight 31% congenital anomalies 12%, birth asphyxia 8%, septicemia 4%, meconium aspiration 1% and 10% due to other unclassified causes. From this evaluation study, it can be concluded that there were Neonatal intensive care units with under staffing, undertraining and poor designing. Respiratory distress syndrome and prematurity were the main neonatal health problems.

العلاقة بين تجارب الطفولة السيئة والمطاوعة على الصحة بعد البلوغ في بغداد == The Relationship Of Adverse Childhood Experiences And Resilience To Adult's Health In Baghdad City

Author name: اميل فاروق الشاوي
Supervisor name: رياض خضير لفتة | صالح الحسناوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تجارب الطفولة السيئة تشير الى اكثر مصادر الاجهاد شيوعا وشدة التي يعاني منها الاطفال في حياتهم المبكرة. من هذه الخبرات الاساءة، الاهمال، العنف بين الابوين او مقدمي الرعاية والعنف المجتمعي. وتبين ان الاجهاد الطويل في الطفولة له اثار طيلة الحياة على صحة | Adverse Childhood Experiences refer to some of the most intensive and frequently occurring sources of stress that children may suffer early in life. Such experiences include multiple types of abuse; neglect; violence between parents or caregivers and community violence exposure. It has been shown that prolonged stress in childhood has life - long consequences for a person's health and well - being; it may lead to serious problems such as alcoholism, depression, eating disorders, heart diseases, cancer, and other chronic diseases. Resilience is the ability to manage crises, difficult situations and developmental tasks. Research on resilience has identified several factors that strengthen the power and resources of children as well as promote their abilities to cope successfully with crises and internal and external problems. This cross - sectional study was conducted to estimate the effect of adverse childhood experiences and resilient factors on adults’ heath. It was done during the period from January 2013 through January 2014. The study sample was drawn from Baghdad City. Multistage sampling technique was used to choose 13 primary health care centers and eight colleges from three universities in Baghdad; the questionnaire was filled through a direct interview with the participants. In addition to that, teachers of seven primary schools and two secondary schools were chosen by a convenient method. A total of 1040 subjects were surveyed and 1000 responded. Their age ranged between 18 to 59 years (32.08±11.169). Females constituted a higher proportion (58.3%) of the study sample, 60% of this sample had university/diploma as the highest level of education. The results showed (during childhood) that seeing or hearing a parent or household member in home being yelled at, screamed at, sworn at, insulted or humiliated was reported in 469 (46.9%). A parent, guardian or other household member yelled, screamed or swear at, insulted or humiliated them was registered in 387 (38.7%). A parent, guardian or other household member spanked, slapped, kicked, punched the subjects was seen in 335 (33.5%). father's death (when the subject's age was 15 years or less) was reported in 104 (10.4%) of the participants, and 74.8 % of the subjects like to be the kind of people their parents were. The multiple linear regression models demonstrated that being in the fourth quartile (highest quartile) of household dysfunction - abuse score is expected to significantly increase depression symptoms score by a mean of (10.4) compared to subjects in the lowest (first quartile) of household dysfunction - abuse score, being in the fourth quartile of family bonding score is expected to significantly decrease depression symptoms score by a mean of ( - 22.5) compared to subjects in the first quartile, the same is correct for self - esteem score which increases by a mean of (21.484) for the fourth quartile of family bonding score compared to subjects with lowest (first quartile) after adjusting other explanatory variables. Logistic regression model showed that being in a higher level of family bonding (fourth quartile) is expected to reduce the risk of having chronic physical diseases by almost the half (odds ratio =0.57) and being exposed to a high level of household dysfunction and abuse (fourth quartile) is expected to increase the risk of having chronic physical diseases by 81%. A positive history of suicidal attempts showed a strong positive association with mean score of household dysfunction and abuse. Family bonding during childhood appears to be the most important resilient factor that protects adults against sedative or narcotic usage, mental disorders, suicide attempts, and chronic physical diseases during adulthood. Higher levels of exposure to adverse childhood experiences have a positive association with substances usage, suicide attempts, symptoms of mental disorders and chronic physical diseases in adulthood.

دراسة مقارنة بين احتياجات التثقيف الصحي وما هو متوفر في مدينة كركوك

Author name: وفاء محمود جاسم
Supervisor name: رقية صبحي توفيق | نشوان نعمت حنا
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: يعد التثقيف الصحي على انه وسيلة اعلامية لجميع الناس لغرض تشجيع وتغيير العادات الى مستوى صحي وصحيح ويمكن ان يعرف التثقيف الصحي بانه مساعدة فئات المجتمع للتخلص من الامراض ووقاية الناس بواسطة تغيير معتقداتهم وافكارهم وسلوكهم نحو الصحة الشخصية تهدف الدراسة ا | Health education is regarded as an informative process achieved for all the people to promote and change their personal habits towards more healthy and accurate , or it may be defined as ( assistance of all community from any disease occurrence with the prevention and protection by affecting their attitudes , believes and behaviors regarding the personal health. This study is an attempt to assess the current situation of primary health centers in Kirkuk city regarding the health educational programs and to assess the main health educational needs and achievements.It is a descriptive study including all the health centers in Kirkuk - district except ( 7 ) of them excluded due to bad security situation in the city and only (12) primary health care centers were conducted starting from the 1st of December / 2007 to the end of February / 2008 , through a questionnaire form which is designed. for follow up the health activities achievement which are adapted by Ministry of Health plan for health directorates and health centers.interviewed by the researcher.The doctors and health educators who were working in these centers were included with main concentration on the educational aspect regarding (teaching aids , records obstacles and educational room with its equipments ). The health centers were classified by health directorate into ( 3) main groups according to the presence of educational methods and equipments and these are : - The first group including (5) model health centers with full , and complete supplementation of educational needs of teaching aids while the second group includes (4 ) health centers with ordinary aids and the last group containing (3) centers with still the old fashion of teaching aids and methods Nearly half of model health centers having (Audio - visual ) methods (45%) but 66.8%) of them were well - prepared updated health educational records And ( 58 %) of the health educators preferring educational models +audio - visual methods and the main educational obstacles are inadequate staff with insufficient methods (85% ) while the best suitable suggestions for avoiding these are supplying these centers with perfect well trained staff and motivation (33%).and (71%) of them agreed with the negative role of health directorate.During the 3 months period before the study , the educational activities for both the health directorate and health centers were affected in December /2007 and became over planned in the other two months (January and February /2008). Lack of the adequate training staff assessing the health educational activities and deficiency in teaching aids and methods necessary for conducting the health programs. with more attention towards motivation aspect with the little time provided for singly health group education and inadequate supplementation of the necessary needs in each health center are the main conclude points in the study

تقيم الانماط الغذائية للنساء الحوامل المصابات بداءالسكرى المراجعات لمركز السكرى في مدينة العمارة == Assessment Of Dietary Patterns For Diabetic Pregnant Women Attending Diabetic Center In Al - Amarha City

Author name: سعاد رشيد احمد الربيعى
Supervisor name: هالة سعدي عبد الواحد
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Nursing
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الخصائص الوبائية للاصابات المهنية المسجلة في المركز الوطني للصحة والسلامة المهنية للسنوات 2011 - 2013 == Epidemiological Characteristics Of Occupational Accidents Reported To The National Center For Occupational Safety And Health For The Years 2011 - 2013

Author name: اسراء صفاء الدين شومان
Supervisor name: سهير محمد محمود الجبوري
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

مسـتويات الرصاص فــي دم الام والحــبل الســـــري ونـــتائج الـحمل : دراسة معتمدة على المستشفى == Maternal And Umbilical Cord Blood Lead Levels And Pregnancy Outcomes Hospital Based Enquiry

Author name: زينة وعد الله عزيز المولى
Supervisor name: اسماء احمد الجوادي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تاثير الضوضاء على اداء طلبة المدارس الابتدائية في مدينة الموصل == Effect Of Noise On Children'S Performance In Primary Schools In Mosul

Author name: نوال محمود اسماعيل العبادي
Supervisor name: محمد يوسف المختار
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تطوير معلومات ومواقف النساء المراجعات لوحدة تنظيم الاسرة في مستشفى البتول التعليمي /الموصل == Improving Knowledge And Attitudes Of Women Attending Family Planning Unit At Al - Batool Hospital / Mosul

Author name: الاء عبد الغني يونس
Supervisor name: اسماء احمد الجوادي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

عوامل الخطورة لالتهاب مفصل الركبة الضموري لدى مراجعي عيادة امراض المفاصل في الموصل == Risk Factors Of Knee Osteoarthritis Among Rheumatology Unit Attendants In Mosul

Author name: علي محمود سليم
Supervisor name: محمد يوسف المختار
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

المعارف والاتجاهات والممارسات حول الانفلونزا الموسمية لعينة من ذوي المهن الصحية في مدينة كربلاء المقدسة / العراق == Knowledge , Attitudes and Practices Regarding Seasonal Flu Among A Sample of Paramedical Staff in Holy Karbala City - Iraq

Author name: علي نعمة حسن الاعرجي
Supervisor name: عطا عبد الحسين موسى
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Middle Technical University - College of Health and Medical Technology
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

السرطان في البصرة النمط والمسببات مع التاكيد على فقر الدم المنجلي والباقلائي (فرضية جديدة == Cancer In Basrah : Pattern And Determinants With Emphasis On SCD And G6PD Deficiency (A New Hypothesis)

Author name: جواد كاظم حسن
Supervisor name: نرجس عبد الحسن عجيل | سعد شاهين حمادي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

Doctor's Competence In The Diagnosis And Rationale Of Antibiotic Use In Management Of Streptococcal Sore Throat. A Clinico - Epidemological Study

Author name: تحسين صادق النزال
Supervisor name: Eman A. AL | Kamil | Sundus S. Bakr
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

التاثيرات الصحية لبيئة العمل على العاملين في الشركة العامة للحديد والصلب (معايير فحوصات وظائف الرئتين والدم) == The Health Effects Of Work Environment On Workers (Pulmonary Functions & Haematological Parameters), In State Company For Iron And Steel (SCIS)

Author name: محمد عبد الصمد نعمة
Supervisor name: محمد عبد الصمد نعمة
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

لمحه على مشاكل الانف والاذن والحنجرة المزمنة مع التركيز على مشاكل الاذن لدى الغواصين المحترفين == Profile Of Chronic ENT Problems With Special Emphasis On Otological Problems Among Professional Divers

Author name: هاشم حميد رسن الدراجي
Supervisor name: ايمان عدنان الكامل
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

Socioepidemiological Study Of Thalassemia In Basrah

Author name: عبير خضر جميل
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

جعل الحمل اكثر سلامة من خلال التعرف على عوامل الخطورة لنساء في سن الانجاب المراجعات لمستشفى تكريت التعليمي العام == Making Pregnancy Safer By Identification Of Risk Factors Among Childbearing Age Women Attending Tikrit General Teaching Hospital.

Author name: نسرين محمد ابراهيم
Supervisor name: ثامر كاظم يوسف | تغريد خليل محمدعلي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:

تقييم مؤشرات التغذية للاطفال دون سن الخامسة في قضاء الحمدانية شمال العراق == Assessment Of Nutritional Indicators Among Under Five Children At Al - Hamdaniya DistrictNorth Of Iraq

Author name: انوار خالد متي عبد الاحد
Supervisor name: اسماء احمد الجوادي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

التدخين بين النساء البالغات وعلاقته بالمشاكل الصحية والاجتماعية في مدينة تكريت == Smoking Among Adult Women With Relation To Medical And Social Problems In Tikrit City

Author name: هيفاء ابراهيم احمد جاسم
Supervisor name: عبد احمد سلمان
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:

دراسة وبائية للتدرن المعند في العراق == Epidemiological Study Of Multi - Durg Resistant Tuberculosos In Iraq

Author name: هناء بهجت احمد التميمي
Supervisor name: محمد جواد كاظم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دور الاقران في نشر الثقافة الصحية بين طلاب المدارس الثانوية في الحلة == Peer Health Education Role Among Al - Hilla Secondary School Students

Author name: ماهر جواد كاظم
Supervisor name: وليد عارف العاني
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

العنـف ضـد الاطفال عينة من بغـداد == Violence Against Children : A Sample From Baghdad

Author name: لباب عدنان جابر
Supervisor name: رياض خضير لفتة
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

التحري عن التهاب الكبد الوبائي (النوع البائي والنوع السيني) لدى عينه من النساء الحوامل في مدينة الفلوجه == Screening For Hepatitis B And Hepatitis C Viral Infection Among A Sample Of Pregnant Women In Fallujah City

Author name: كفاح عبد اللطيف محسن
Supervisor name: نجلاء فوزي الجسار
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

انتشار اضداد فيروس انتفاخ الخلية نوع IgG لمرضى داء السكري في بغداد == Epidemiological Study Of Cytomegalovirus IgG Antibodies Among Diabetic Patients In Baghdad

Author name: فراس يونس محسن
Supervisor name: جمال رشيد الراوي | عباس مهدي رحمة
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

سن الياس الطبيعي والعوامل المؤثرة في توقيته لدى عينة من النساء العراقيات في بغداد/ الرصافة == Age At Natural Menopause And Factors Influencing Its Timing In A Sample Of Iraqi Women In Baghdad / Al - Rusafa

Author name: فتح صادق علوان
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

نمط حياة البدناء == Lifestyle Of The Obese

Author name: علي حسن حياوي
Supervisor name: رياض خضير لفتة
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

المشاكل الطبية والاجتماعية لدى العوائل التي تراسها امراة == Medical And Social Problems Among Women - Headed Families In Baghdad

Author name: علي حسن حياوي
Supervisor name: رياض خضير لفتة | جمال محمود الخضيري
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

التاخر في تشخيص وعلاج مرض التدرن الرئوي في محافظة الانبار == The Delay In Diagnosis And Treatment Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In Al - Anbar Province

Author name: عبد الحكيم خلف لطيف الجميلي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

معدل وانواع سرطانات الجلد في سبع مراكز رئيسية في بغداد == Rates And Types Of Skin Cancers In Seven Main Centers In Baghdad

Author name: عباس فضال حمادي
Supervisor name: محمد جواد كاظم | جمال رشيد الراوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

استخدام خدمات الرعاية لما بعد الولادة في عينة من النساء في بغداد \ الكرخ == Utilization Of Postnatal Care Services In A Sample Of Women In Baghdad/ Al - Karkh

Author name: شيماء رفعت نافع
Supervisor name: نجلاء فوزي جميل
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

ادراك النساء عن مرض هشاشة العظام وعوامل الخطورة ذات العلاقة في بعض مناطق بغداد == Awareness Of Women About Osteoporosis And Its Related Risk Factors In Certain Areas In Baghdad

Author name: زينب نبيه اسماعيل
Supervisor name: لمياء ضياء الدين بهاء الدين
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

مدى انتشار التهاب الجلد التاتبي عند الاطفال في المدارس الابتدائية - محافظة بغداد / الكرخ == Prevalence Of Atopic Dermatitis Among Primary School Children In Baghdad - Alkarkh District

Author name: رائدة خضير جاسم
Supervisor name: جمال رشيد الراوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تحري فايروس اللمفومة وابيضاض الدم نوع 1 و2 لدى المرضى العراقيين المصابين باللمفومة وابيضاض الدم == Screening For HTLV 1 & 2 Among Iraqi Patients With Lymphoma And Leukemia

Author name: ايمن محمود عبد اللطيف
Supervisor name: جمال رشيد الراوي | غالب عبد الشريفي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الاسباب العشرة الاولى للوفيات بين الاشخاص العسكريين == The Ten Leading Causes Of Death Among Military Personnel In Baghdad For The Years (1999 - 2001)

Author name: ايمان غالب محمد
Supervisor name: محمد جواد كاظم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة وبائية لحالات المعتمدين على الكحول الراقدين في مستشفى ابن الرشد لعام 2004 - 2006 == Epidmiological Study Of Alcoholic Patients Admitted To Ibin Rushed Hospital During (2004 - 2006)

Author name: الاء سليم توفيق
Supervisor name: مازن غازي جاسم الربيعي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

Prevalence Of Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection Through A Sample Of Primary School Children In Hilla Province

Author name: اسراء عمران كاظم حلف السعدي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقييم بعض جوا نب خدمات الصحة المدرسية لطلبة الصف الاول الابتدائي في بغداد - ناحية الكرخ == Evaluation Of Some Aspects Of School Health Services For First Class Primary School Pupils In Baghdad - Kharkh District

Author name: احمد خلف صوفي الدليمي
Supervisor name: نجاة محمد فخري البياتي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

مدى انتشار الامراض الذهنية عند اليافعين في المدارس الثانوية في محافظة الديوانية2011 == Prevalence Of Mental Disorders Among Adolescents Of Secondary Schools In Diwaniya Governorate

Author name: هادي جبر سهيل
Supervisor name: مازن غازي جاسم الربيعي | علي عبيد جعاز
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة حول معرفة وموقف طلبة جامعة البصرة من برنامج تنظيم الاسرة وتكوين الاسرة == Knowledge And Attitude Of University Students Towards Family Planning And Family Formation

Author name: نائلة هاشم عبد الزهرة
Supervisor name: عمران سكر حبیب | امال یاسین الملا
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة تقييميه للعلاقة بين اصناف الدم ABO الغير متطابقة والاجهاض المتكرر في مدينة تكريت == An Assessment Of Abo Incompatibility Relation With Recurrent Abortion In Tikrit City

Author name: ميسلون احمد خضير الناصري
Supervisor name: رقية صبحي توفيق | احسان محمود المولى
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:

تقييم نظام رصد الامراض في مدينة الموصل == Evaluation Of Diseases Surveillance System In Mosul City

Author name: مها عبد الجبار سلطان النعيمي
Supervisor name: اسماء احمد الجوادي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

اعتلال الاعصاب المحيطية لمرضى السكري نوع 2 في محافظة البصرة معدل الانتشار وعوامل الخطورة == Peripheral Neuropathy In Type 2 Diabetic Patients : Prevalence And Risk Factors

Author name: مشتاق صالح عبد الخالق
Supervisor name: جاسم نعيم الاسدي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الحمل عند النساء المتزوجات في سن الانجاب في مدينة البصرة == Pregnancy Experience Of Married Women Engaged In Active Marital Life In Basrah City

Author name: عواطف اسعد هادي
Supervisor name: امال ياسين الملا
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Community Medicine
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الخصائص السريرية والمجتمعية للاضطرابات العقلية لدى المرضى المراجعين لمكتب الصحة النفسية في مدينة تكريت == Clinical And Epidemiological Features Of Mental Disorders Among Patients Attending Mental Health Bureau In Tikrit City

Author name: عمر خير الدين بنوش
Supervisor name: رقية صبحي توفيق
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:

تقييم عبء داء الصداف على المرضى في مدينة الموصل == Assessment Of The Impact Of Psoriasis On Patients In Mosul City

Author name: صلاح علي محمود
Supervisor name: بسام عبد المبدئ النعمة
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Mosul
First pages:

التحري عن التحول في مصل الدم بعد التلقيح ضد الحصبة لدى عينة مختارة من الاطفال دون السنة الثانية من العمر في مدينة بعقوبة == Sero - Conversion Rate After Measles Vaccine In A Selected Sample Of Children Under Two Years Of Age In Baquba City

Author name: سلوى شلش عبد الواحد
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة دراية الامهات والكادر الصحي واتجاهاتهم وممارساتهم حيال معالجة امراض الاسهال لدى الاطفال في مدينة تكريت == Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Of Mothers, And Health Workers Toward The Management Of Childhood Diarrheal Disease In Tikrit City

Author name: سراب قحطان عبد الرحمن
Supervisor name: عبد احمد سلمان | عماد راشد السعدون
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Community Medicine
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Medicine
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
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