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المواقف السياسية للبدريين بعد وفاة رسول الله (صلى عليه واله وسلم) الى نهاية العصر الراشدي == Political Stances For Badraiyn After The Death Of The Messenger Of Allah " Mohammed "(Peace Upon Him) Till End Of Al - Rashidi Era

Author name: علي محمود حاجم المالكي
Supervisor name: نعيم دنيان عبيد الغراوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study of the history has not been regarded as thinking in the past that blocked the reality and its questions , but rather it has been considered as an introduction to build the selfness and to achieve change and renaissance. The history , to implement that goal should depend on a set of factors including the deep understanding of the history and balanced vision for the past. Actually, we do not bear responsibility of what others did ,but what they did formed a strong base for any new activity. Reading the history and leading the same way others has led , provide important lessons having to be considered , as Allah Said in Quran " Have not they walked on earth and see how was the consequence of those preceded them”. Of those people were 'Badryun" who formed a significance in the Islamic history and that reached to holiness among most of Muslims. This holiness gets from their prestige via defending the religion in the battle of "Badr". The Islamic History in all its phases endowed with outstanding stages led to important results, of those stages is the battle of "Badr" in the second year of immigration. This stage has been considered as a decisive one where Muslims appeared strong that bewildered Quraish and others who were enemy to Islam and that they should re - considered their instance toward Islam. Due to victories "Badr" achieved , the Badryun became and represented the basic base for Muslims at that time. "The Badryun" that represented a huge significance in the Islamic history reached to holiness stage among many Muslims , but they had been considered as a justice hugely adhered to legislative measures the Islamic religion called for. This holiness got from their prestige that clearly reflected in their defense their religion in the Battle of " Badr". The idea of circulating theory of justice of fellows has been started and the goal behind this circulation was to make the justification a convinced one to have " Maawya Bin Abi Sufyn" ascend "'Caliphs". This theory makes " Maawya Bin Abi Sufyn" equal to fellows of the messenger "Muhammad" (Peace upon him) despite his prestige and rank and despite "Maawya 's violations. The historic reality indicated that " Maawya Bin Abi Sufyn" had become " Caliphate " for Mulsims where many "Badryun" are still alive.This is naturally that the political benefit necessitates to circulate the idea to have all fellows justice
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مدينة غزنة : دراسة جغرافية تاريخية (334 - 617 هـ / 945 - 1220م) == Ghazni City Historical Geography Study (334 - 617 AH / 945 - 1220 AD)

Author name: علي عبد المحسن راشد
Supervisor name: ناجي حسن هادي الموسوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study of cities in the Islamic countries gains a great benefit as it demonstrates their roles and effects on all fields of life, such as religious, political, social or scientific and shows their statues in the world. Studying cities lately in the twentieth century interested researchers who thoroughly studied cities typography and their architecture buildings which help finding out other aspects of the cities and their development.Therefore the researcher opted to study the city Ghazni by a study entitled (Ghazni City : A Geo - Historical Study 334 H/617 AD). The study covers the city geographically, historically, politically and scientifically. The reason behind choosing Ghazni, which was among the first cities conquered by pioneer men of Islam, is its importance because of : 1 - It's important location in the Islamic eastern part, Sajistan in Afghanistan which borders India. From Ghazni Muslims launched their conquests towards the region of Sind and the other parts of India. Ghaznavids had the greatest role in spreading Islam to India launching their conquests from Ghazni, until the Ghurids came and concluded the conquests and stabilized the foundations of Islam there.2 - Being a juncture of trade roads among the cities of Khorasan and Persia and the cities of Sajistan and India. It was prosperous in trade and its citizens were wealthy.3 - Its role in science and the contributions of Ghaznavids in enriching Islamic sciences and spreading Islamic civilization in India.It is worth mentioning that the researcher encountered difficulty in finding resources, particularly Persian one that deal with Ghazni. However, this didn't hinder the researcher from fulfilling this study. The study is divided into three chapters as well as appendices. Chapter one is a geographic study to the city of Ghazni; its location, borders and cities surrounding it as well as its economic activities, social sects, plans and the most prominent civilization sites and villages.Chapter two discusses with the political life of the city of Ghazni. It shows the political situation in the city in (334H/617AD) and the nations ruled it; Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghurids and Khawarismis, as well as mentioning the nature of power of each nation, the transition of poweramong these nations, how did they took power, reasons behind this, and fall of each and the reasons, Sultans and Emirs who ruled it.Chapter three discusses the scientific situation of Ghazni, the embrace of scientists by Sultans. It also mentions teaching centers and sciences studied in Ghazni whether intellectual or material as well as scientists.In the conclusion the researcher includes what outcomes the study has arrived at.
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المنهج التاريخي عند مصنفي الفهارس الرجالية الشيخ منتجب الدين الرازي (ت 585هـ) انموذجا == The Historical Approach For The Writers Of Biography Books Sheikh Muntajabaldeen Al - Razi (585 AH ) As A Model

Author name: علي عباس نسيم الوائلي
Supervisor name: سامي حمود الحاج جاسم
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Islamic Sharia depends in great part in its principles - especially those imposed by Allah Almighty on his creatures - on worshipping. The last one depends on the principle of the good and the bad which Allah only knows and has determines to reform the condition of the people in life and hereafter. This is called worship. Islam has left a great space for man to ponder depending on his taste to see the good and the bad, and the right from the wrong, and has left him free in many of his behaviors that have no effect in the interests. This is called the permissible things. Attaining the knowledge of the stipulate principlesdepends on two important sources : the holy Quran and the Sunna taken from the narrators which is the hadith of Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) and his caliphs. The narrators are the human means who inform us the divine codes, from whom we take and apply them. Therefore, we should be confident that what they have given us is the right thing. On that basis the science of Almalrijal (biography) was founded. Many books were written in that basis like the book of Al - fahares, the treatise of Al - Razzi, the biographies of al - Kishi, fihrist Al - sheikh al - Toussi. During the last decade the academic studies tackled in the higher studies for the departments of history some of the books of the imamate history which is rarely studies in other histories.The importance of this study is in being a study of the approach of biography, which is (Al - fahares) which had not been studies. That gives the thesis an originality. The thesis consisted of the following Davidsons and subdivisions : Chapter One tackles the meaning of firistand the sincerity of the narrator in determine the meaning of the sheikhs of Ejiaza , sheikh of narration. Then we defined the arts which we come up with.The second inquiry is about the narrators and the codntion of justice in their documentation, we also studied their private and general documentation. Chapter Two tackled the approaches of the fahares with a review of the first fahares. We displayed in the first inquiry the meaning of the approach and the method of conveying the information for the writers. The second inquiry tackles the study of eight old fahares which one of the materials that are in our hands. Chapter one of the second inquiry tackle in its first inquiry the biography of Al - skiekh al - MuntajabAldeenAlrazzi displaying important aspects of life, especially the scientific biography. The second inquiry tackles the environment in which he al - MuntajabAldeenAlrazzi lives.The second inquiryof the first Chapter tackles the environment in which Muntajab AldeenAlrazzi lived, i.e. the city of Ray, displaying the hsitorym geography economy and politics.Chapter two tackled the study of the fihrist of Al - Muntajab Aldeen Alrazzi study of the importance.The Conclusion includes the ideas resulted from the study. Then a list of references and resources and an abstract in English.
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الرسول الكريم وعترته الطاهرون (عليهم السلام) في مصنفات ابن تيميه : دراسة تحليلية مقارنة == The Glorious Prophet And His Etra (P) In The Classifications Of Ibn Taymiya - A Comparative, Analytical Study

Author name: علي ابراهيم عبيد الجميلي الموسوي (البصير)
Supervisor name: سامي حمود الحاج جاسم
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This Ph. D. dissertation is divided into four parts. The first part is titled (Ibn Taymiya in his true image). It contains three chapters, the first of which is titled (His social and scientific biography). The second chapter focuses on (The features of his time). It is divided into two main essays; the first of which is titled (His political and social time). The second essay is titled (His intellectual and religious time). The third chapter studies (His style with the others and the opinions of scientists about him). It contains two essays; the first of which is about the style of Ibn Taymiya with the others. The second essay is about the opinions of scientists about him. First, the opinions of those who praised and supported him are cited. Then the opinions of those who opposed and criticized him are cited. The second part is titled (The biography of the prophet (P) in the heritage of Ibn Taymiya). It includes four chapters, the first of which is titled (Ibn Taymiya's position towards the characteristics of the prophet (p)). The second chapter is titled (Ibn Taymiya's position towards the shrines of the propher (P)). The thirds chapter is titled (Ibn Taymiya's Offences towards the prophet of Allah (P)). The fourth chapter is titled (Ibn Taymiya's opinions about some of the Hadeeth quoted from the Prophet).The third part is titled (Biography of the Prince of the believers Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib in the classifications of Ibn Taymiya). It is divided into three chapters, the first of which is titled (Ibn Taymiya's position towards some of the Ayat of Quran which praise the prince of the believers). The second chapter shows (Ibn Taymiya's position towards the narrations praising the prince of believers). The third chapter discusses (What events Ibn Taymiya denied in relation to the prince of believers (P) until his martyrdom).The fourth part is titled (Biography of the holy lady Fatima Al - Zahraa and her infallible sons in the classifications of Ibn Taymiya). It is divided into three chapters, the first of which is titled (Biography of the holy lady and her two noble sons in the classifications of Ibn Taymiya). The second chapter illustrates (The biographies of the guiding Imams in the classifications of Ibn Taymiya). This chapter focused on four of the guiding imams; Imam Zain Al - Abideen Ali Bin Al - Hussein, Imam Mohammed Bin Ali Al - Baqir, Imam Jaafar Bin Mohammed Al - Sadiq, and Imam Mousa Bin Jaafar Al - Kadhim (P). The final chapter in this part shows the opinions of Ibn Taymiya towards the rest of the guiding Imams, starting with Imam Ali Bin Mousa Al - Ridha, then Imam Mohammed Al - Jawad, and his son Imam Ali Al - Hadi, his grandson, Imam Hassan Al - Askari, and concluding with the Imam of the age (may Allah precipitate his relief). This dissertation reached a number of conclusions, foremost among them : 1 - One of the main reasons for the extremism of Ibn Taymiya and his stray is the political, social and environmental conditions in which he lived. Those conditions had a negative effect on his personality, in addition to what he suffered as a result of not having any tribal ties. Nobody was able to find out his tribe, even those closest to him. His most known name, Ibn Taymiya, attributes him to a woman on whom there are no known facts to illustrate her personality, position and role. 2 - The opinions of Ibn Taymiya and his ideas show a clear disturbance in his personality, as he did not agree with any scientist of his time. In fact, he disagreed with all the scientists who preceded him, including those of his own Hanbali sect, and their Imam Ahmed Bin Hanbal. The severity of disagreement with others led to the issue of prison sentences against him a number of times. 3 - In all of his opinions, there was not a trace of a scientific advancement or contribution to any field. Instead, his opinions clearly reflected a similarity, if not a match, to those of the Kharijites. He would attack his opponents with curses, name calling, and foul language. Then he would revile them as infidels, and confiscates their lives, families, and wealth. His fanatic opinions had a distinctive effect on some of the people. They were influenced by his opinions in a way that distorted the features of the Islamic religion. 4 - The opinions of Ibn Taymiya lacks the simplest elements of a scientific opinion. They were not built on sound scientific foundations. They only matched his whims. He would support a certain theory at some time, only to contradict it at other when the conditions of the time and trends change. That goes for his positions towards other scientists; he would support them when he agrees with them, and attacks them when he disagrees. 5 - The most distinctive feature in the heritage of extremism and hatred of Ibn Taymiya is his vile animosity towards the prophet and his descendants. He strayed from the general trend of the nation, by contradicting every praise and miracle that were ever mentioned about the prophet's family.
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الاحوال العامة للاكراد في المشرق 132 - 565هـ / 749 - 1258م == General Conditions For Kurds In The Orient (132 - 656A.H\749 - 1258A.C)

Author name: علاء حبيب عبد العذاري
Supervisor name: كاظم ستر خلف العلاق
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study of the history of peoples to know the political, economic, social and scientific studies of their situations that are difficult to access them, because of the uncertainty surrounding it and overlap with neighboring clans.There is no doubt that the Kurdish people have been playing an important role on the overall events, as a human species that inhabited the Muslim Levant.It differed greatly in determining the areas of their presence in this region (Mashreq), which are difficult to quantify the different Albuldanyen in drawing boundaries, so it was the Kurds who are in different forms in terms of well - traveled areas, and just as likely in other.Our study has focused them on multitude areas, due to the clarity of the civil features in terms of stability.The limits of our study them within the area bounded by the south of Armenia and even the boundaries of the country beyond the river without crossing.Researchers made no mention of this region clearly, but previous studies determined certain city, where Kurds Ooomarh presence, such as a study researcher Hossam El Din Naqshbandi City Aldeanor, study researcher Riad al - Zubaidi, the emirate Al - husnoah.This thesis consisted of six chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion and supplements.The first chapter discusses : the historical origins of the Kurds in the Orient, and was on the three sections, the first taking him to nominate the Kurds and the origin of the label, as well as eating the difference in the origin of the Kurds.The second topic addressed the geographical distribution of the Kurds in the Levant saying they are the areas, while the third section devoted to learn the language of the Kurds and their religion, the Islamic conquests of the Levant.The second chapter : dedicate the contributions of political and administrative Kurds in the Orient, and was the first of it Section eat ambitious Abu Muslim political Khorasani, while the second section may display the UAE, which created the Kurds in the Levant, and the third section dealt with the study of the contributions of administrative Kurds.The third chapter : to show the contributions of military Kurds, as well as their participation in the opposition movements of the Abbasid Caliphate, was on the three sections, the first taking him to accredited to the Kurdish military regime, while touched second section the military for their contributions and their relationships with the UAE their neighboring countries, and it was the third section has allocated to find out contributions to the Kurds in the opposition movements.The fourth chapter handled the economic conditions of the Kurds in the Orient, and was on the three sections, the first of it dealt with agricultural activity and livestock, while the second section allocated for industrial activity, was Conclusion Chapter III Section, which touched on the commercial activity of the Kurds.The fifth chapter : to give us a clear picture of the social life of the Kurds in the Levant across three sections, we dealt with it layers of the Kurdish community, and the place of women in it, as well as the religious doctrines deployed in their country, while the second section Vtm the study of public life for the Kurds, and it was the third is dedicated to find out the mostimportant customs and traditions that were prevalent in the Kurdish community.Finally, chapter six : life science for the Kurds in the Orient, the first section dealt with the prosperity of the scientific movement factors, while the second section devoted to the scientific contributions to the Kurds in the field of religious studies, while the third section Vtm know their contributions in the field of language and humanities.
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ال حمويه الجويني ودورهم السياسي والعلمي في مصر والشام في القرنين السادس والسابع الهجريين == Al Hamaweh Al Jweni And Their Political And Scientific Role In Egypt And Levant In The Six And Seven Centuries A.H A Study Of The Essenion Community

Author name: علاء حامد احمد محمود
Supervisor name: مشتاق كاظم عاكول المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: We saw the Levant and Egypt during the sixth and seventh centuries AD upswing in the scientific movement, and this activity led to the delegations of many of the Senate and science students who accuse the supply of science, especially after scientists DAI with great interest by the sultans and princes in the Levant and Egypt became their status and a great degree of high - have, especially after the Levant saw a semblance of stability in a state of Nur ad - Din and Saladin, is the science flights of the most important factors that help the activity and prosperity of the country to attract many of the learners, most of the elders who move between Islamic countries were hold boards of scientific and workshops, and was among the senators who came from the Islamic Orient to the Levant Imad Eddin Omar bin febrile year (564 AH / 1168 AD) and his son Mohammed, Prince Nur al - Din Mahmoud Zangi has honored him and assigned him the position of Sheikh Sufi sheikhs, even this has become Family great prestige of sophistication including notorious for its science and knowledge and became an active role in the revitalization of intellectual movement in the Levant and Egypt, then it soon this family that entered in the political and the diplomatic corps Vtoloa Study diplomatic embassies in the Ayyubid era fair King Mohammed full and his son, Then they turn away military positions and Adhawwa leaders and warlords and armies of soldiers, and took control the Sultanate administration, until it reached their case that consulted in the inauguration of some Ayyubid sultans, and adopted them sultans, princes Ayyubid heavily in various military and political fields.Busy and some members of the family in the scientific aspects more than the political aspects even ended up to authorship, classification and became her prestige in the Muslim communities in the Levant, Egypt and the rest of the country Islamic.The reasons that led me to write on this subject, there were several things to choose the subject.1. Statement of the original home and the society in which it was formed this family, and the statement of its position in the new society that has moved him in the Levant and Egypt.2. Clarify the role played by the family of febrile Jouini in the political, military and intellectual aspects in the Levant and Egypt during the sixth and seventh centuries AD.3. The lack of an integrated study of the achievements of febrile Jouini family, and stand on the details of those achievements that characterized it.4. After reviewing the most of what has been said about this family in most sources and references, and found it worthy of a study that examines the life of this and the impact of scientific, political and military family, according to a scientific Platform correct
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النزاعات الداخلية في المغرب في عصر الدولة الموحدية 541 - 668 هـ / 1147 - 1269م == Internal Conflicts In The Maghreb Of State Al Mohad : 541 - 668Ah/1147 - 1269 AD

Author name: عصام عبد حمود عبد الله المرعاوي
Supervisor name: بديع محمد ابراهيم الكربولي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: Muslim world has with nessed throughout its history many countries have at home different aims and circumstances of its inception and its founders, these. Countries appeared necessary to save the Islamic nation from being lost, such as zingid and ayyubid states also featured other countries was the reason for the weakness of the Islamic nation and distract unity.Maghreb region has witnessed the states have a roiein spreading Islamic in the Maghreb and achieving Islamic unity to restore the prestige weakness of the Abbasid state the state Almoravid in in the Maghreb in fluence in the installation of the Islamic presence, while other countries emerged was the reason for the weakness of the Islamic nation. The Mohad dynasty tried to Islamic caliphate be strong instead of caliphs in the Abbasid and Fatimid states, and tried to lead the muslims in the IslamicMaghreb but the canses of Vulnerability entered. The Almohad dynasty shorty after to get to know the nature and causes of conflicts that tore apart the state Almohad and its impact on political life in the Islamic Maghreb chose the title of my thesis.Cinternal conflicts the Maghreb in an era of state the Almohad (541 - 668 AH/ 1147 - 1269 AC) the study included an introduction and preface four chapters and a conclusion the first chapter was the ALMohad dynasty and the extension of its rule to Anddlnsia. It has been divided into three sections. The first section of the definition of the Al Mohad and upbringing and his trip and his meeting with abdul Momin and debate with Al Moravides scientists. the second topic was to organize the AlMohad dynasty and the beging of the conflict with the AlMoravides, and control of the ALmahadis of Maghreb and Andalus and third topic to study cross AlMohades Andalus and their control over same areas. Chapter II included the conflict between AlMohades and theBanu Ghaniya, and was divided into four sections, the first section of The banu Ghaniya , their names, their origins, their role in the ALMoravid state and their relationships with the king of Castile, the second topic of conflict between AlMohades andBanu Ghaniya in the era of lsaac Bin Mohammed and his son Ali and the expansion of the conflict in the sahl Amra Patte, the third topic of the conflict with AlMohades in the era of Yahya bin lsaac and the expansion of the Banu Ghaniya in the Maghreb`s influentcet and trying to control Balearic islands, and the conflict with AlMohades in the era of Nasser AlMohad, section four of the shrinking in fluence of the Benu Ghaniya and their end in the Maghreb nd the control of AlMohades the city of mahdia and theefforts to Ruler Africa Abdul Wahid bin Abi Hafs to eliminate Benu Ghaniya , and unify Maghreb under thr rule of state AlMohades.Chapter III to the study of political disputes in Maghreb in the era of AlMohades, was divided into three section, the first section the political disputes between AlMohades and the Arab tribes, the second section political movements anit - AlMohades, the third section the political conflicts with in the family AlMohad. Chapter IV of the study of the conflict between AlMohades and the benu Marin and the fall of AlMohades state,has divided into three section, secton I Banu Marin, their origin, and their region, political role in Maghreb the conflict with the AlMohades. Section II the conflict with AlMohades in the region of caliph al Rashid AlMohad bin Zian out of obedirnce to AlMohades and control of Tlemsan and his conflict with The AlMohades caliph Al saeed.The Third topic Banu Marin control on some cities in Maghreb and wrested from the AlMohades and expand their in fluence and control over Marrakech and the end the AlMohades dynasty.Ended conclusion thesis presented the main finding in the study were included in the end of thesis contained a list of sources that have been used to complete the thesis
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احكام التجارة في كتاب المخصص لابي الحسن علي بن اسماعيل المعروف بـ ابن سيدة (ت458 هـ/1065م) : دراسة مقارنة == The Rules Of Trade In The Almukhasas Book Of Abilhasan Ali Bin Ismaeel Well Known By Ibn Sayadah (Dead On 1065 A.D) A Comparison Study

Author name: عروبة حاتم عبيد
Supervisor name: نضال حميد سعيد الربيعي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: After this study of the rules of trade in the Almukhasas Book. it's been possible to reach the following results : 1 - The scientist took a great unique position among his era's scientists due to what God granted this blind scientist cleverness and judiciousness in language, so he became the pioneer of language of Andulus in that time, his father insisted on teaching him since he was a child, and many great sheiks contributed in constructing his personality, also the encourage of the prince Mujahid Bin Abdullah Alaamery a big role in influencing the intellectual emerging of Ibn Sayadah. All these factors together helped in classifying his books like (Almukhasas) as the first grade linguistic lexicon in Andulus. 2 - Ibn Sayadah depend mainly in enriching his knowledge on the books of his previous linguistics like Alkhaleel , Sibawaiyh, Abi Ali Alfaricy and Ibn Jiniy and others, Ibn Sayadah was searching in every subject then make it his resource like books of Ibn Alsikeet, Thalab Abi Zaid Alansary, Ibn Alarabi and Alihyani and others. 3 - Ibn Sayadah is considered as the first lexicon where rules of Islamic Shariah were explained, was like a rich sea source of knowledge, a saturated records including a lot of tales in the economic Islamic intellect , these tales included many significant economic subjects. 4 - Its turns out that many of Ibn Sayadah books that were mentioned in his Almukhasas book were extremely briefed in information, that some of them were one line only no more. 5 - Ibn Sayadah affirmed on applying rules that regulate commercial exchange and these rules emanated from Quran and completed their content from Prophet Mohamed Sunna and added from what prudent mentioned that explained what was similar in these rules. 6 - All Ibn Sayadah's books came simultaneously with what decided in the Islamic economic method in trade , so he called people to work with and make them as the most blessed ways of living, and bounded it with a borders of values and stipulations that make them as a common benefits for individuals and groups. It warns from the taboo trades or manipulating the forbidden trades in any kind of dealing. 7 - The novels of Ibn Sayadah explained in the field of market management as the care of Islam in this matter with an extreme care, that Islam apply a precise system that ensure no any oppression upon the dealers, he insisted on reaching of the commodity till be in the market so that the seller realize the sound price of the commodity without any pressure. 8 - Ibn Sayadah explained about cheating in market and how Islam prohibited that like cheating the purchaser to be convinced to buy it with a more excessive expensive price far from its real value, or like showing the client the good part of the commodity and hide the decade part of it, mixing the bad materials with good ones warned against asking another client to pretend willing to buy goods with a more high price to convince others to buy that goods. 9 - Economic Ibn Sayadah's novels insisted on truthful dealing, considered the high value ethics as a lofty feature and interacted with economic dealing legislations apparently with no ambiguity.10 - The Islamic economic style with comprehensiveness in its rules and according to the common benefit, that its rules were not temporary or instantaneously but they were for common and including all people and for all times, as prove for that what issued against wine trading that these rules were emanated from Quran as the verses of Quran opposite to this matter were not addressing a special group of people of in a certain time but the rule crucial and for all human being and for all times including nowadays. 11 - Almukhasas included kinds of contract treatments like entrepreneur and partnership and his statements were correspondent to the Islamic economic method in discrimination between entrepreneur and partnership by placing each in its appropriate position ,because the capital of the company is from all partners, means the work is the right of every partner even if he didn’t work in the company, while in the entrepreneur the capital is submitted from a side and the work is submitted from another side.12 - Almukhasas included many novels of sales, some of them were sound sales, prohibited sales that have many manipulations and oppressions like cheating, expired materials and fake goods, they are void and agreed are prohibited in all Islamic doctrines.
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الصلات العلمية بين العراق ومصر (247 - 334هـ/861 - 945م) == Scientific Links Between Iraq And Egypt (247 - 334 AH / 861 - 945 AD)

Author name: عبير غني كاظم الخفاجي
Supervisor name: محمود تركي فارس اللهيبي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This title of this thesis is ((Scientific links between Iraq and Egypt(247 - 334 AH / 861 - 945 AD))). This thesis was divided into four chapters.The first chapter deals with the study of the most important scientific centers in Baghdad and Egypt, which helped to lay the foundations of the Islamic faith. It included the most important scientific centers, including mosques and Koranic schools, councils and debates and aspects of books and (Al - warakeen) books sellers shops and others. While the second chapter of religious sciences marked by the science of the Koran, which included science readings, cut short as the study of celebrity readings scientists between Iraq and Egypt and learning in their councils.As well as modern science through the concept of the modern and the role of the people of Iraq and Egypt in the supplement of this science and published in Egypt and the journey in the pursuit of knowledge between the two countries.And also a study of Jurisprudence and science as the study focused on the concept of an Islamic Fiqh and its development through historical stages and the emergence of Islamic sects and the motives that led to the emergence of those doctrines. And the study of the most important scholars between the two countries and also in this chapter study of the most important Sufi mysticism and scientists between the two countries.Chapter three, includes language and grammar, the most prominent linguists and grammarians in Iraq, Egypt and the hair and the most prominent poets in Iraq, Egypt and different kinds of prose.And stand on this science scholars between the two countries, Iraq, Egypt, the most important of flights between the two countries in this scientific field. Turning in the fourth quarter to the humanities and included historical, geographical, knew the history and contributions of the two scientists in providing the historical thought. And the most prominent historians in Iraq and Egypt have been in this chapter the study of geographical and highlighted the contributions of scientists and researchers in geographic knowledge.The fourth chapter has been included on the mental sciences between the two countries, Iraq, Egypt, the most important contributions of scientists in providing the scientific movement between Baghdad and Egypt in the fields of medicine, pharmacy, theology, philosophy, translation, astronomy and chemistry.The we record our findings and conclusion through this thesis with a summary of the findings of the results taken from approved sources in the search.
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المرويات التاريخية لسبط ابن الجوزي ومنهجه في كتابه مراة الزمان في تواريخ الاعيان للمدة (590 - 654هـ/1193 - 1256م) == The Historical Narratives For Sebt Ibn Al Jawzy And His Approach In His Book Mera'At Al Zaman Fe Toearekh Alaian For Period (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256 A.D)

Author name: عبد الرزاق عبد الرسول رشيد الخفاجي
Supervisor name: علي حسن الغضبان
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Saw the seventh century A.H / thirteenth century A.D the emergence of a group of historians, eminent, who had a significant role in the field of historical notation, and perhaps the most important of these historians Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi , and who knew large in various fields of science for his contributions, including historical writing, it left us Legacy great in this area, and represents in his book (mera'at alzaman fe toearekh Alaian ) , as this book is one of the most important sources of Islamic history, especially Ayoubi, where increasing importance of this book in the period under study (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256 A.D), as well as it that Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi were age at that time, it was a companion to the kings built Ayoub, participated with them in some political events, and as a result he has left us a wealth of important historical novels about that era. In this sense, we have found that the character of Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi historical Narratives and systematize the study in his book mera'at al zaman for period (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256 A.D) extensive scientific study indispensable, because of its importance and the lack of studies on this subject; so we decided to respond to this topic To shed some light on the personality of Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi and his book mera'at al zaman. Necessities study has necessitated the division of this research into four chapters, preceded by an introduction and followed by a finale, where we dealt with in the first chapter biography of Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi and his time, as this chapter is divided into three sections, presented the first section of the biography of the life of sebt Ibn Al Jawzi personal, and either the second topic was eating sebt Ibn Al Jawzi era political and cultural terms, while we dealt with in the third section of the Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi of Scientific Biography. While we were in the second quarter to publicize the book mera'at alzaman fe toearekh Alaian and the methodology of sebt Ibn Al Jawzi the period (590 - 654 AH / 1193 - 1256 AD), this chapter is divided into two sections we discussed in the first section of it to publicize the book mera'at alzaman fe toearekh Alaian, while eating the second topic approach in which sebt Ibn Al Jawzi - period (590 - 654 AH / 1193 - 1256 AD). The third and fourth chapters, it has touched the two historical Narratives of Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi for period (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256A.D) we have in which to read the book mera'at al zaman , collecting Narratives pertaining period under study, and the extrapolation of other historical sources that dealt with this period, and compared with the report by Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi novels, and discussing the novels in which historians disagree, and install agreed novels. In the third chapter we dealt with the historical Narratives of sebt Ibn Al Jawzi from the Abbasid Caliphate other Narratives sporadic period (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256 A.D), this chapter is divided into two sections we dealt with in the first section Narratives Sebt Ibn Jawzi of the succession to Al Nasser ledin Allah , for the period (590 - 622 A.H / 1193 - 1225 A.D), while the second part, we have been in it to Narratives from the Abbasid Caliphate period (622 - 654 A.H / 1225 - 1256 A.D) Other Narratives scattered about the Almohad dynasty in Morocco and Andalusia, and the natural phenomena and facts bizarre period (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256 A.D). The fourth chapter discussed Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi Narratives from the Ayyubid and Mamluk period (590 - 654 A.H / 1193 - 1256 A.D), has been divided into three sections, we dealt with in the first section Narratives for the Ayyubid period (590 - 615 A.H / 1193 - 1218 A.D), and the section The second has been Narratives for the Ayyubid in the era the King Al Kamel Mohammed(615 - 635 A.H /1218 - 1237 A.D), while the third section addressed to Sebt Ibn Al Jawzi Narratives from the Ayyubid and Mamluk period(635 - 654 A.H /1237 - 1256 A.D). Have we faced during this study, many of the difficulties, and perhaps most notably the difficult security situation which is going through our beloved country, which negatively impacted us, this as well as the large number of scientific material and abundance, we have tried as much as possible to cover all aspects of the study, and other obstacles that we faced is the difficulty in obtaining some sources, we have been able, thanks to God Almighty to overcome most of these difficulties.
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الاوضاع العامة لليهود في دول حوض البحر المتوسط والمشرق الاسلامي من خلال رحـــلة بنيامين التطيلي == Public Affairs Of Jews In The State Of Mediterranean Basin And Islamic East Through Voyage Benjamin Alttili

Author name: طاهر عبد الله حسن الملحمي
Supervisor name: عبد الستار مطلك درويش
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: Arab gave a special interest to the civilizational aspects and they used the writing process in so many perspectives in the earlier time before. Further, in an earlier time, so many scientific books of the historical aspects had appeared in both East and West. These books prepared great information about the cities that Arab scientists and researchers visited, such as Ibn Jubeer(614 AH.), in his scientific trip which is named (Ticket news for travel agreements),and Ibn Batota(779 AH.) in his scientific trip (Catching masterpiece in oddity Alomassar and the wonders of travel ). Some of the Arab researchers gave an interest during the study of these trips by which the importance of our subject which is the tripe of the Jew, Penjameen Al - tattily(561 - 569 AH./1165 - 1173 AD.) to be a study of a master degree because he is not Arabian and not Muslim. So it is an attempt to find out what he wrote and mentioned about the situations of Jews in the Mediterranean. Al - tattily set out from Andalusia to Zaragoza, and then he visited the countries of the Mediterranean such as France, Italy, and Byzantine Empire. Then, he reaches the Islamic countries in the East. He visited several cities and countries during the Abbasid Caliphate and the Fatimid Caliphate. Al - tattely was the considered as the envoy from Jews politicians in order to see the situations of Jews in all the countries that they live, and especially in the Islamic world. The Islamic countries was considered from Jews as the save zone for the Jews people. He gave a study for the trip of the Jews in the East and West, and he gave a statistical number for any city that they travelled from. The aim of his study was to hide the truth about Jews situations in East and West, and to make an analogy between the two sides in order to be sure of their good situations in the Eastern Islamic countries, as it was confirmed by Peniameen Al - tettely. The Jews was received a good treatment and an interest from Muslims in contrary of the miser level living and the bad treatment that they received from European and how they were castaway and hated in the European societies in specific and in the Western societies in general. Jews tried to distort the Islamic religion in their historical writings. From this study, It can be noticed the following : - It was recognized that the Islamic world and since, it was founded by the Prophet Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) had granted liberty to Dhimmis(people who are not Muslims such as Jews). Furthermore, according to what is named as( Dar al - Islam), Jews were given a great liberty in the Islamic countries. That is to say, Jews were interested in their religious worshipping and their work inside the Islamic society. But, in the West, Jews were given miser treatment when they were living during the middle ages in the European societies so they set out to the other countries and especially to the Islamic ones in order to live peacefully. - The trip of Peniameen Al - tattely has a special character which is characterized by its difficult style, and it is possible to name it as a semi - style. This semi - style is different from the other trips such as the Islamic trips and the trips coming from Europe the Torah. - The situations of Jews were differently recognized between East and West because of the different relationships between them, and for the different political governments between East and West. In the Islamic countries, Jews has all rights by which they were considered by the Muslim caliphs as dhimmis, and they were imposed to pay what is named in Islam as tribute. Additionally, Muslims caliphs appointed so many Jews in the administrative and the financial jobs. But in Europe, they suffered from persecution and the displace. This thesis is started with an introduction, the analysis of the references and the conclusions. Further, the thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a study about tribes and globetrotters (people who did the tribes). These tribes are very important because they were considered as the resources that the researcher depends on. In this chapter, there is a recognize about the character who did the tribe, and the reasons behind his leaving the Western countries and going to Eastern cities, and why he then, came back to the Western ones. The second chapter is about the European Jews, and to shed light on the way of their live there. Also, in this chapter, the researcher speaks about the way of liberation of Andalusia and the stand of Jews from this liberation. It is worth mentioning that in this thesis, there is a reference to the situations of Jews before the liberation of Andalusia. It also sheds light on the political situations of the countries of the Mediterranean basin(France, Italy and the Byzantine Empire). Finally, this chapter shows the stand of Christians towards Jews. The third chapter is about the situations of Jews in Abbasid state, and the stand of Abbasid succession. This chapter is also to speak about the political and social situations of Jews that were so good under the rules of Muslims. Furthermore, there is a reference to Jews schools that have a prominent status in Islam, and to speak about Head Galot(Ra's aljalut) and its position, and the charm of the Christian, Dawood Bin Al - Rohy. The fourth chapter is a study about Fatimids entering to Egypt, and the situations of Jews under the Fatimids state and the stand of Fatimids from Jews. Also there is a reference to the jobs that Jews professed under the Fatimids rules. Then, this chapter shows how Jews built churches and houses, and what is the stand of Fatimids successors from these churches and houses. It is worth mentioning that the importance of this chapter comes from the fact that it shows us the living level of Jews from one hand. From the other hand, it shows us their freedom of practicing the religious rituals and other religious occasions and building churches, houses and also building other synagogues
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المستشرق الاسباني ميغيل اسين بلاثيوس (1871 - 1944) وجهوده في التراث الاسلامي == Spanish Orientalist Miguel Asin Palacios' And His Efforts Of Islamic Heritage

Author name: ضياء ماجد حسن العبودي
Supervisor name: فلاح حسن الاسدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: A study of the orientalist's , Miguel As?n Palacios, efforts for Islamic heritage is of vital significance that needs a more investigative attention which can explore the privilege of this scholar in Islamic and Arabic studies. His theses and views, with reference to his presentation of Islamic outstanding scholars and their efficient role and contributions, his introduction of the active chemistry between Islam and Christianity, and his introduction of medieval Arabic and modern Spanish, are highly appreciated and influential. Chapter one, titled "The Inception of Spanish Orientalism untill Miguel As?n Palacios", is divided into two sections; section one introduces the early stages of Spanish orientalism and its peculiarities compared to European attempts, while section two is devoted to Miguel As?n Palacios with reference to his early life and study in Zaragoza, Arag?n, besides his professors; Francisco Codera and Juli?n Ribera. Chapter two, titled "Miguel As?n Palacios's Studies of Islamic Prominent Scholars and Scientists", is divided into two sections; section one introduces his studies of logic and Islamic theology highlighting the principles of Islamic doctrines in Al - Ghazali, Ibn Hazm and Ibn Tamlous's works.Whereas section two studies prominent Islamic philosophers like Ibn Bajah, Ibn AlUraif, and Ibn Asayed. Ibn Bajah, who is the forerunner among his contemporary philosophers, has been studied extensively by Palacios who has published Ibn Bajah's "Mahassen AlMajales". At the end of this chapter, Ibn Asayed is studied by Palacios who has published his book "AlHadaaiq". Chapter three, titled" The Beginning of Sufism in Andalusia", spotlights on what Palacios has written on Ibn Masarra of C?rdoba and his school shedding lights on Palacios' ideas and views. That is, Palacios' ideas and views of Ibn Masarra and his Sufism school as well as how Ibn Arabi's sufisim impacting greatly Palacios' thinking, are presented. Chapter four, titled "The Influence of Islam on Christianity for Palacios' Thinking", is divided into three sections. Section one examines the relationship between Sadilies Sufism and Spanish Christian Sufism. Section two studies the influence of Israa and Mirraaj story on Divine Comedy by Dante where Palacios has traced back the origin of this work to the Islamic heritage and culture. Section three investigates the impact of Ibn Rushd of C?rdoba on St. Thomas Aquinas. Palacios finds that the Islamic philosophy has an impact on the Dominican sect represented by Thomas Aquinas. Palacios has thoroughly studied the writings of both these philosophers finding that there is a great similarity between their views and theses, and Thomas Aquinas has been greatly affected by Ibn Rushd's views and methodology. In other words, Thomas Aquinas has adopted the Islamic theology originally proposed by Ibn Rushd after the adoption of the Islamic heritage and culture for Christian doctrine of Eastern Church; whereas Dante has not taken a lot from Islamic ideology in his Divine Comedy except for Ibn Arrabi who is considered a Christian orientalist in his views and ideas
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اقليم خراسان : دراسة في الجغرافية التاريخية من سنة 132هـ الى سنة 656هـ == Khurasaan Canton Study In Historical Geography From The Year 132 H To 656H

Author name: صدام جاسم محمد البياتي
Supervisor name: كاظم ستر خلف العلاق
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: No doubt that subject of historical geography from important subjects which need from researcher understanding action the geography surrounding in the historical events , if the understanding of history understanding rational need good knowledge in change of surrounding circumstances which located in frame it history events , but that such this knowledge necessity most of the time , to test truth of historical narration and stipulated from limit it truth , for the sake of securing this aim need knowledge farther to study historical geography.Now that this meaning was developed to pass historical ages and according to different point of view , where know its study of outward look change to surrounding , we refer to also it is the science which have explanation the geography action in historical events , by that historical geography underline about political changeable border to canton and what it relating in that from wars names and invasions which led to obtain canton or lose it , from that appears that historical geography not small branch from geography branches as economic geography and political geography but it group complementary geographies ,and through this preface to definition in term the historical geography we outs in glance about it , he is complement the geography in all branches especially the rights of natural and humanity to service the history events and advance it incidents.Perhaps choose khurasaan canton pivot to study because it was from important cantons added to Islamic Arab state , because of the geography locality who distinguished in it in the farther of northeast , then to the humanity fortune and natural which distinguished in I on all levels and sides from growing , industry , trade , building and mineral fortune.Therefore historian worthier large interest in news this canton and care mentioned it towns and villages and workers and scholars ,and may be reason in that return to this canton since Arab occupy it staying in it a lot of Arab tribes , until close to be part from Arab Islamic lands , also the mixture culture and customs and traditions of Arabic with customs and traditions of Persian overdo action even the Arabic language became the language of culture and political in khurasaan to late time.And no hidden on more that khurasaan canton active role in a lot of political events and specially Ala,Abassiya invitation who choice from it place for spreading it thoughts and declaration after that and dashing from it toward Iraq and toppling in The Umayyad Caliphs at year (123H).This Study includes : Prelude and five chapters , beside the conclusion and a list of sources and modulation and references. The first chapter have administrative geography to khurasaan , and clarifying the name and the location and the border and geography climate , then important administrative terms in khurasaan. The second chapter from study have the civilization outward to cities and building in khurasaan , from where mentioned important khurasaan cities such as Naesaboor , Marow , Huraat , and Balakh , and it civilization development and building. The third chapter we review the population setup to khurasaan social and action of natural disasters and diseases in it , and clarifying settling of population in khurasaan. The fourth chapter special to study economic geography to khurasaan canton , we try clear natural fortune and progress the economic trinity to canton from growing ,industry , and tradeThe five chapter special to study political history to khurasaan canton from the year (132 H to 656 H) , for the sake of clarifying political geography to canton and active the geography members in it. At last was The conclusion to explain the importance what was the research reach to from results about this study. At the end I want to show that I do my best in this research and if Successes in it that will be from God merciful. if it was the other side so that from myself that because I want to be most clear in my research and in God we trust.
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القصة التاريخية في الكتب السماوية التوراة - الانجيل - والقران الكريم : دراسة مقارنة == Historical Story In The Heavenly Books The Torah - The Bible And The Koran) A Comparative Study

Author name: شيماء بدر عبد الله السراي
Supervisor name: عطا سلمان جاسم
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: It included three monotheistic books the Torah and the Bible and the Koran a lot of stories that dealt with many topics, Kqss creation of the universe, and the creation of plants and animals, the story of the creation of man, and the stories of the Prophets and Messengers (peace be upon them), and many others. The variety of the heavenly books and the methodology of each of them in the revenue these stories techniques, also differed as well as degree of trust in which after the long hand of interpolating some of them specifically (the Torah and the Bible), The Koran Valemteman which sees a lot of stories contained therein on different themes, but that is noticeable the goal of these stories clearly see that it is not purely historical Despite being a historical stories, but that reflected the goal is that people familiar with the conditions to take a bite and a lesso. And the fact that the historical story stands out clearly in the heavenly books therefore we took this to be the subject of our research, which we called "the historical story in the heavenly books (the Torah, the Bible and the Koran) - A Comparative Study". The research has necessitated the need to split the four seasons, with an introduction exporter dealt with the idea of research and a presentation of the most important sources used in it, and we dealt with it in preparation, "the story and methodology in the heavenly books." We discussed in the first chapter and which Smonah as "the story of creation and training in the heavenly books," and we have the story of the creation of the heavens and the earth and the story of the creation of animals and plants and the story of human creation represented. by Adam and Eve, the father of mankind, and their children the story of Cain and Abel. The second chapter is marked as "the story of the Apostles (peace be upon them) in the heavenly books", we have studied the historical story contained in the stories of the prophets : Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Prophet Muhammad (blessings and peace be upon them all). In the third chapter, which we called "Stories of the Prophets (peace be upon them) contained in the holy books," it was dedicated to the study of historical story contained in the stories of the prophets : Idris and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and Joseph and Elias (peace be upon them all). As we discussed in the fourth quarter marked "Stories of the Prophets (peace be upon them) and the above - Nations," which has studied the historical story contained in the stories of the prophets : Lot and Shoaib and David and Solomon, and Job (peace be upon them all). Agafina thesis and conclusion dealt with a summary of the most important research and the conclusions we have reached). Find and necessitated the need to rely on a variety of sources, divided in terms of its article to the scientific, historical sources and sources of interpretation and the Hadith, as well as linguistic sources, and other sources. The study found after this effort to a set of conclusions are : - 1 - replete with holy books (the Torah, the Bible and the Koran) many of the stories and themes vary content of those measures, dealt with stories of creation and configuration and stories of the prophets and messengers and clans stories above and other stories. 2 - different divine books among them in the way revenue of these stories and the purpose of them, while they Torah supplied in a historic predominantly narrative and lengthening as well as the approach to the Bible, while the Koran presents those stories the character and preaching indicative, despite the fact that the stories provided with a historical character that is attached on the previous prophets and apostles and the UN, all historical stories, but it does not deal with it according to that, we do not see the historical dimension where beating the general approach of the story, but he was content with the placement of the Koran lesson from them. 3 - approach the Torah not to balance RPR in the stories and historical events that Ahtutea listed, sometimes be offered for a long story. As we see in other times it is limited to mention the story rapidly and stands for a lot of the details. 4 - Given that the Torah and the Bible may Donna after a relatively long period of Nzulhma on God's prophets Moses and Jesus (peace be upon them), it has extended to them by the distortion and manipulation of large manipulated them, while keeping the Koran did not misrepresented. 5 - abused Torah distorted much to the place of the Prophets (peace be upon them), including attributed to them from the abusive acts that can not accept it from ordinary human beings as well as the prophets. 6 - characterized as the Torah as well as its proximity to a lot of exaggerations and inaccuracies with respect to the stories that dealt with, and the events that I mentioned. This is due to the distortion of course, who have long been at the hands of her book.
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ابرز احداث الحروب الصليبية بين مؤرخيها المعاصرين العرب واللاتين : دراسة نقدية مقارنة (489 - 895هـ/ 1095 - 1489م) == The Most Outstanding Events Of The Crusader Wars Between The Contemporary Arab And Latin Historians (A Comparative Critical Study 489 - 895 A.H./ 1095 - 1489Ac)

Author name: شروق مجيد محيبس السراج
Supervisor name: عباس عبد الستار عبد القادر الزهاوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis deals with the most outstanding events of the crusader wars between the contemporary arable and Latin historians (a comparative critical study, an image that is governed in two opposite views, an Islamic view towards a Latin topic of the crusader wars, by all its events and consequences. These are the topics of our thesis from the beginning of the Crusades and the results it comes up with. The thesis concludes that in spite of the difference of the two views, there are many agreements and similarities that led to the signing of conventions and between the two parties, and also led to attitudes that were governed by tolerance like the attitude of Salah Alden Al - Ayubi towards the residents of Jerusalem when liberated it from the Crusader control, and how he treated the Crusader prince who were captured in Haotin Battle. Also, a notable example was how Al - Kamil Al - Ayubi, sultan of Egypt, treated the emperor Fredriech II. There was a friendly relationship at the hands of the Crusades. The thesis also concludes through some of the Latin historians that there were admiration and praise as a result of following the policy of tolerance and pardon as well as recognition of their knighthood and heroism like the case of EmadAldinZenki and his son Nor - Aldin Mahmoud and Salah Aldin. The research proves that failure which afflicted the mogul - Crusade against Muslims, especially in the Levant and Egypt, had reasons and consequences the most importance reason was the solidarity and coherence among the Muslim factions for the reason of evacuate the Holy Lands for any foreign existence. It shows that the divisions among the Crusaders princes, monarchs and knights, especially the English and the French, and the French and Germans, were not divisions because of competition and the capturing of authority, but mostly due to the feeling in Europe in general and in Papal feeling that those monarchs and princes do not serve the Crusader and the Cross cause, but they were out of the papal claim that they were out of law. Therefore, the Pope made a decree to excommunicate the German Emperor Friedrish II. Also, the weakness form which the crusaders suffer becomes clear when the sought support by the Moguls. But the Crusaders were not united in that alliance with the Moguls. Antakya allied with them and some refused the alliance as in Akka. The research concludes that the Muslim husotrianswere not neutral and objective in dealing with the Crusader leaders and they were described as ‘damned and outlaws’ and ‘heretics who worship the trinity.’ Many of the historians did not mention the name of the king but they only mention the title like ‘the Prince,’ ‘the King’ or the Emperor’ and the like. The study concludes that the mutual civilizational effects between the Muslim east and the Latin west were one - sided which resulted in the future European Renaissance that includes all the intellectual, military and social fields. The civilizational sharing which happened after warring and aggressing andhostility made the Europeans recognize not only their defeat but also they acknowledged the crimes which they had committed. Finally, this thesis is like a work that contributeswith other researches and studies about the Crusader movement as a suitable place, before the judges of history, for the disasters and pains it caused and has left behind.
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مرويات ال البيت (عليهم السلام) في مؤلفات السيد نعمة الله الجزائري (1050 - 1112هـ)

Author name: سوزان ازاد نوري
Supervisor name: بهجة علي محمد
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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اسرة ال اعين واثرهم في الاسلام == The Aain Family And Their Impact In Islam

Author name: سهيل صالح جالي المالكي
Supervisor name: صباح شاكر فليح الغراوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: All pries is to do Allah and peace and blessing be upon Muhammed and his househeld. The Islamic message were not addressed to a particular nation or nationalism, but it was a message to all the nations of different religions and origins and nationalities, and that is absorbed by all these elements and was able to collect in Bodqp which all loyalties melted, and became the only loyalty to the religion and resulted in great human civilization which emerged humanitarian features and scientific, and study the history of families is one of the important studies in Islamic history, no doubt they dealt with the study of the lives of numerous characters and contain so many different roles carried out by those personalities emerge in stages. This was the nature of the research required to make it in the introduction, three chapters, that chapters was not equal; and according to the scientific article that are available for each chapter, and that has been reached and gathered from sources, began to head - in which showed the importance of the subject and the reason for choosing the subject, the contents of the chapters , and the methodology and the difficulties encountered and overview of sources and references,.. then fundamental conclusion we have drawn them to this thread points, and supplement, as well as proven sources and references. the first chapter title : ( definition of the family of Al Aain of the political, intellectual, and their era) in which we highlighted on (Sensn) family grandfather, and find out the origin of the family, then find out (the Aain) and the father of the family that his name, and how to enter in Islam and joining the tribe of Bani Shiban which We lived Kufa, and then we reviewed and audited in the some of his soons , and the different narrators in it, and the piography of each person of men Al Aain and their, soons who were linked to the Imams (peace be upon them), and then we talked about the home of the family, their mosque, and we ended to the Chapter to speak about the political their time and intellectual especially in the reigns of Imam Muhammad al - Baqir and Ja'far al - Sadiq (peace be upon them); Because of their close contact with them, and their commitment to the pace of the household (peace be upon them).The second chapter entitled (interpretative impact, and ethical impact, historical impact) talked about the importance of interpretation, and aware of the readings. One of the sons of the family the readings scientists, and looked at the impact of family men in interpretative area, as well as a review of some models of their novels in interpretation Quran and divided it into : what came in the prophets and their people, and the other in the Imams (peace be upon them) and the Shiites, then the moral impact, and a profile science ethics, their talks for Imams (peace be upon them) in the moral side, the choice of divided it into sections models, according to the alphabet, then historical events, it dealt with the display models of the age of the message events, and the Umayyad era, and in the novel Mahdism And singled out the third chapter and last title (verbal impact and impact idiosyncratic) which dealt with the impact of verbally family, and divided into three points : the first : for theology defined and its origins and its importance, and the second : Speakers of the Al Aain and their role in the debate the people of deviant beliefs, and. Ideological talks in (Theology), while the impact idiosyncratic talked about jurisprudence, and the history of jurisprudence, and scholars of the family, and especially the role of Ben Zuraarah in this area, and the rest of the men of the family, and in the jurisprudence(branches of religion). The curriculum in writing is to deal with the sources of cash closer reading and analysis of information on sources and compared with each other through information analysis and linked with each other and the information that conclusion describes the impact of the family, and especially in relation to novels.
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الاسر العلمية في المغرب العربي واثرها في الحياة العامة من القرن الثالث الهجري حتى نهاية القرن الثامن الهجري == The Scientific Families In The Arab Maghreb And Their Impact On The Public Life From The Thirteen Century A.H. Until The End Of The Eighth Century A.H

Author name: سندس غني عريبي الحديثي
Supervisor name: سهيلة مزبان حسن
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعتبر الاسرات العلمية من الظواهر البارزة في الثقافة العربية الاسلامية منذ العصور القديمة ولقد شجع الفتح الاسلامي في المغرب بعد انتشار الاسلام ورسوخ الحضارة والفكر الاسلامي في المغرب العربي على ظهور العديد من الاسر العلمية التي كان لهم الدور البارز والمميز | The scientific families are considered is one of the prominent manifestations of the Arabic Islamic culture since old times. The Islamic conquest encouraged the emergence of many scientific families after the spread of Islam in the Mghreb. They had an eminent role in the history of the Arab Maghreb states. The scholars and scientists have got the care and the interests through the different Islamic ages not only of the authority but also the social strata. They are, as the Holy Scripture stipulates, the inheritors of the prophets. That made their circle lofty. Each family of the scientific families has a tangible impact in that. Among them there were families who succeeded science and art and knowledge. They assumed the highest social statuses, and their role was not sufficed to the other fields like trade, judiciary and ministration. That is attributable to the emergence of the role of families as the nuclei of the Islamic society in which the individual is raised and are cultivated. Among the many reasons that led me up to choose that subject is the care of scholars in old and modern times, and the impact of that in the various aspects of life in general. However, no study has tackled scientific families comprehensively. I endeavored to explain the features of the scientific families from which many scholars and scientists descent, in every field. Each one followed the course of that who preceded him, and it was among the reasons is to reveal the role of scientific families which were spread in the Maghreb state. The nature of the study requires the division into an introduction, a preface, four main chapters and an introduction as well as abstracts in Arabic and English. The Introduction tackles the geographic position of the state of Maghreb, and the states which were established there starting of the Aghalibiya state and ending with the Hafsiya state. Chapter Two was devoted to the study of the role of scientific families and the most prominent sciences with which they mastered. Chapter Three was devoted to the study of the impact of scientific families in the administrative, political and military aspects.Chapter Four is devoted to the study of the role of scientific families in the social and economic life. The Conclusion includes the summary of the findings and then the references and sources.
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المرويات التاريخية في كتابات الشيخ المفيد (ت336 - 413هـ/ 947 - 1022م) == The Historical Narrations In The Books Of Al Sheikh Al Mofeed 336 - 413 AH / 947 - 1022Ah

Author name: سندس زيدان خلف الشجيري
Supervisor name: جاسم صكبان علي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: It's well - recognized for all , that History is considered a record for time and civilizations as well as a measuring system for State' Conditions and the great men who were mentioned by the History either because of their own genius in sciences , fighting or in Policy. Arab & Islamic Homeland had presentedgreat numbers of Historians and Scientists who were greatly mentioned in History. Amongst them was Al Sheikh Al Mofeed(336 - 413 / 947 - 1022) who was characterized with originality and pedigree in ideology as well as with the penetrating mind in comprehension the Islamic Sciences , and , learning , and all these characteristics were reflected into his many books in the fields of Islamic Law "Al - Fak'h" , Exegeses , Tradition "Hadith" , History , Philosophy and Dialectic. So , he was considered as Encyclopedia Of His Time in the space of Islamic Sharia and other fields. His own thoughts were regarded as expanding books and summarized messages in various Human Sciences up to our time as delightful and fruitful lessons to understand the facts which are accompanied with evidences such as The Holly Quran and Sunna and else which are emerged first.For the importance of studying History , we must depend on great accuracy in transforming History with examining and full study in order not to be used by enemy who intend to destroy our Civilized and Dogmatically Libraries. In other hand , we must , as well , to study Our History in full examining and understanding and screening it from any smears , and to purify it so as to appear in very clear and pure form to be benefit for others.Al Sheikh Al Mofeed had paid great interests for the historical books while his books were estimated about 200 Books , just 46 one wen did receive as Volume , books or Letters. He was characterized with the new method as he had a critical sense and great ability of analyzing to study the event and to submit it in an easy method far from ambiguous and free of equivocation as it was represented by Arabic ciceronian Style with boldness and easiness of words , besides discussing the points of view in calm and frank style depending on the mental evidences. Since the studies that had dealt with Al Sheikh Al Mofeed ' books were very few , additionally , that this Study will give the reader a general idea about his own books which had included intimations and news about The Prophet Mohammed (Almighty Allah peace upon him) and other prophets , therefore we have selected The Historical Narrations in the Books of Al Sheikh Al Mofeed. Thesis is subdivided into two sections : - The First One : ? First Chapter has included the general countenances for The Era ofAl Sheikh Al Mofeed , and it is divided , as well , into four topics , the first one is the political Countenances , the second one is about Economic Countenances , the third one is about the Social Countenances while the fourth one is concentrated on The Cultural Countenances in Baghdad.? Second Chapter has included the Personal & the Scientific Biography of Al Sheikh Al Mofeed. It's , also , subdivided into three topics , the first one His own Personal Biography such as His Full Name and surname , his birth , his life in very details , his personality , his death and , last , his tomb. While the second topic has included his scientific biography with mentioning to several number of instructors who had appreticed with , then some of his practical life. The third topic it is concerned with his own scientific position among the instructors , then an aspect of his practical life is mentioned to. The third topic , the last one , has referred to his scientific position among other thinkers and scientists of that period with mentioning for several of his students.? Last but not latest , Chapter three which has included the approach of Al Sheikh Al Mofeedin writing his books , it's subdivided into three topics as well, the first topic is ti submit all his books with classifying them according to their subjects with rapid presenting for the titles of his own books which couldn't find yet , while the second topic has dealt with the historical approach in writing his books which has distributed in ten points , first of all is his using Reference in his writings as well as depending on brief and details and his mentioning to Quantities , Countries and Names for the persons and their surnames and ancestries accompanied with dates in writings ,as well as , setting introductions for each subject , in addition to refer to some explanations for some leggings and measurements , last he depended on using the repetition. The third topic had dealt with his quotes and references which are divided into four groups : such as Verses Of Holy Quran , Hadith Of The Prophet and the written or the audible references and the documents. - The Second One : ? Chapter One of Thesis which includes The Historical Narrations in the Books of Al Sheikh Al Mofeed , as a result of the embranchment of these Narrations' subjects besides their shortness and disability of classifying them , sometimes , in a chief axis , therefore the scientific necessity was demanded dividing them not on the base of their subjects but they are divided into divisions according to the political , ideological , economic or social purposes , they are as following below : Chapter One has dealt with the political field in five topics , the first topic has studied the narrations at The Prophet Mohammed (Peace upon him) and it was described due to their events such as BADR BATTLE , OHOD BATTLE ,when The Prophet had replaced some companionate to be deputized instead of him in Fighting or praying affairs. The second topic has dealt with the narrations at the era of ABO BAKER (Allah Bless him)and his reign Islamic Caliphate , while the third topic has dealt with the era of OTHMAN BIN AFFAN (Allah Bless him)and his reign Islamic Caliphate and the narration of his assassination , and the fourth topic has dealt with the narrations of IMMAM ALI BIN ABI TALEB as well as mentioning to GHADEER KHOM And AL JAMMAL BATTLE as well as to mention his assassination and his Holly Shrine , the fifth topic , the last one , has dealt with the narrations of IMMAM HUSSIEN ( Peace on him ) As well as has dealt with AL TAFF BATTLE and the effects of this Battle and how it had happened.? Chapter Two has been represented with the Conceptual Field , and to submit the most important narrations which Al Mofeed had referred to , was the narrations of the Historical criticism.The second topic Al Sheikh Al Mofeedhad referred to several divisions and had divided them into two parts , the first one the Islamic group like Shiite , Al Imamia, Al Kesania , Al Nawoosea , Al Mu'atazala , Al Zaidiya , Al Karamita , Al Isma'eeliya , Al Shamtiya and others. As well as mentioning to the meaning of Exaggeration " AL GHOLO ". Secondly dealing with The Non - Islamic Groups , while the third topic has referred to the case of Disappearance (Al Ghayba) and the narrations of AL MEHDI UBIITY (peace on him) and mention also , first , to The Holy Scriptures , secondly , has pointed to different events , and the fourth topic has dealt with the real fact of The Black Stone and the reasons behind its existence and its creation. While the fifth topic has described several concepts Al Mofeed had referred to like the concept of speech ,the concept of Reviviscence (Al Raja'a) in Holy Quran , the concept of Fatality. The sixth topic has dealt with The month Of Ramadhan and all the related matters with. The Last topic was the seventh which has dealt with the position of AHL AL BAIT in the Islamic Intellect.? Chapter three has studied the economic aspect which includes many topics , the first one is Inheritance , the second topic is about Fadak and the related facts , the third topic is about Al - Zakat and its meaning and its values , the fourth has dealt with (Al Khoums )and describing the payees and the items that must be paid for, the fifth topic has dealt with (Al Anfaal) , while the sixth topic has studied (AL Jezziya) its meaning and its values and the narrations which are related to, the last topic is the seventh one which has dealt with various economic narrations.? Chapter Four which is studied the social aspect , it is in many topics , the first one has dealt with the prophet's Life his birth , his Biography , his wives , Husbands of his daughters , his death , his shrouding and his Burial.The second topic has studied the Life Of FATMAT AL ZAHRA'A her birth , her marriage and her death , the third topic has dealt with AbeTaleb , his Islam , mentioning to his wife Fatima Bint Assad , while the fourth topic has studied the life of ALI BIN ABI TALEB his birth , his ethics , his position towards the prophet , the marriage of his daughters his shrouding and his Burial , the fifth topic has studied (Hadith AhlElKessa'a),the sixth topic has dealt the( Al Rashiddon Caliphs) , Islam Of Omar Bin El Khataab , Assassination of Othman Bin Affan , at last the seventh topic which is about narrations that are related to Marriage or Divorce.Then it is ended by conclusion for the most important results that I have reached to
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الحركة الفكرية في همذان من القرن الثالث الهجري الى نهايـة القرن السادس الهجـري

Author name: سمية خالد بريسم الربيعي
Supervisor name: خاشع عيادة المعاضيدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لقد انتظمت الدراسة في اربعة فصول تضمن الفصل الاول نبذة تاريخية عامة عن همذان، وقد اشتمل على ثلاثة مباحث، الاول عن اصل تسمية همذان، والثاني عن مدن وقرى همذان، لان تحديدها مهم جدا لبيان نشات الاعلام في همذان، وكان المبحث الثالث والاخير عن فتح همذان وما تلا | This study deals with thinking and scientific activities in easter Islamic cities which is Hamdan. most of historical studies since 156 s dedicated specially to study political history for - nations , histories of Islamic cities ,reasons of its evolution , careers of men and administrative , economical , social , literature subjects men while concern was less for thinking and scientific studies although it a acquires great impotent because it deal with most famous Arabic Islamic activities.The Period research study was four centuries started from 3 rd century to 9 th century.This century represented important stage in life of Arabic Islamic State.It was full of Luxury activation and civilized promotion.Also this century witness flourishing of translation from old languages which help to transform most of Greec writings which was written in different subjects and Arab scientist enrich them.Many clerks and science as tellers , historian , a astronomers and others.Islamic raose potential economies for all Islamic states.Study depended on firm curriculum in study of Al - Hamadany. He lived and study in Hamadan and take knowledge from its shieks and science.The study explain and researches of Hamadan science in either transformational and intellectual studies.The study reference to many resources to make benefit from information’s which explain contribution of Hamadan thinkers and science in developments of intellectual sciences.It includes general translations , religious science , decedents book. geographical , historical books and minor references.The study includes four chapters : First chapter is a brief hisrtory of Hamadan which contain three studies , first one or origin of Hamadans name the second is about Hamadan cities and villages because determining it is very important to explain the lifes of scientist in Hamadan. Last study was of Hamadan conquest and what followers it of events till third century for Hijral ninth century A.C.Second chapter is about religious science and famous clerks of Hamadan people in it and most famous readers.Second study was about Hadith , the most famous writings and tellers of Hadith.Third study is a bout religious interpretation its origin and famous interprets.Third chapter is about Arabic language and literature.It includes two studies , first study is about language and study Arabic Moslems maintain Arabic language because it is language of Holly Quran. Second study is about humanitarian science and pure science sufism and most famous sufies and their books. Second was about geography and history.
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المكانة التجارية لمدينة دمشق من القرن الثاني حتى نهاية القرن الرابع الهجري == Commercial Rank Of Damascus City From The Second Century Until The End Of The Fourth Century AH

Author name: سلسبيل جابر عناد المياحي
Supervisor name: وئام عدنان عباس النعيمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: After endingour study of commercialrank of Damascus city from the second century to the end of the fourth century,it is preferable to refer to the most important findings of the study : • Through the study, it has shown that Damascus had enjoyed a unique geographical location , as there were many factors that made its feature including its proximity to the Arabian Peninsula and its openness from the east on the plains leading to the Euphrates and Iraq and from west by the presence of the mountainous areas which seized on the trade route leading to the Mediterranean coast which then contacts Europein addition to the access road north to Halab and Asia Minor making it an important trading center for receiving goods and exported.Damascus, and since ancient times specifically in Aramean age, focused on trade.Armeniansunderstood as the first who make Halab the capital and commercial center, as their trade linked with the different cities, in addition to its land,fertile soiland flowing waters which made it produced various types of agricultural crops.• The effect of the political events in Damascusdid not disruptits Commercial activity.And if there was any impact for the eventsso it was due to the timeof its happening and then quickly Damascusregainedits commercial activitiesin timethat its commercial ties remained effectively working inside and outside.• Damascus had seen progress in various economic aspects.It hadbeen knowing in its various agricultural crops and its export types to different regions inside and outside Belad Al - Sham. The availability of natural and human conditions helped itin this respect. In Damascus, agriculture was the vital tributaries that flowed into the internal and external trade. In addition,Tradein Damascus had characterized by its high quality and plentifulwhich included various kinds of industries and what made in Damascus of any kind of these small or large industries weremuch more than what was made anywhere else in the world and perhaps this distinction was due to the availability of theexpertise, as they have skilled makers succeed in more than one art and throughout the ages as well as the abundance of raw materials in Damascus and its suburbs.• Through the study, it hasbecome clear to us that Damascus had enjoyed asolidcommercial connections with various Arab and non - Arab countries, dating back to before the advent of Islam , and since the dawn of history , and had enjoyed this status even after losing its centeredness as the capital of the Islamic State of Arabic, as that Damascus export to other cities was more than its import, and this was as indication of the agricultural and industrial ability of the city.During the era of the study,Damascus marketshad flourished.Although of all the crises, the trade balance continued for the benefit of Damascus with evidence that exports were more than imports.• The trade routes had an important role in linking Damascus with various countries of the world as theinterest and development of commercial roadshad been belonging to ancient centuriesand continuing until the Islamic era. Damascus had been associated with the world with two types of land routes and overseas transportation , and as a result of the importance of these routes in the trade promotion,Islamic State had worked to secure and interest in them and provide them with all the supplies that would facilitate everything related to business process , and we do not forget the role of traders who aimed at securing roads in times of disrupted the country's efforts in this aspect through alliances with the Bedouin tribes who were living in trade caravans passing zones.• Damascus continued to hadits trade rankwhich enjoyed since before Islam even later ages due to itslocation for the Al - Sham on the one hand and other areas on the other hand,moreover, Damascus was the center of an important source of production, industrial and agriculturalwealth sources and a commercial center and great market for many of the coastal cities that were based on the their market that contain all kinds of goods that allcities need. Every city ofDamascus cities represented the commercial center received many trades and from different countries of the world as and as we saw that. What Helped it in this respect was theavailability ofnumerous transportation which was land and sea.• Money was the main pillar of the trade process, the localization and changes that took place on the money throughout the ages had an essential and important role in the advancement of the state and not to succumb to the foreign domination. Securities represented by the instruments , the Bills and banking had theirimportance as they had facilitated the process of trade exchange, and there had a role for the weights and pecks in the business process which linked very closely to the market and in the buying and selling operations.The various conditions like strife and tribulations Damascus experienced influenced directlyon prices. As a result, there was the appearance of phenomenon of rising prices , but we can say thatits impact was chronic.It became clear through the study, people in Damascus including traders had the ability toovercome the crises and advancement economic reality, but even though, poor people were the most affected class of Damascus'ssuffering , as the economic shocks had a negative impact on their level of living.• Arab Islamic state had given attention and special care to merchantslayer to provide them the means of doingtheir economic work, and aspects of care were providingthem with buildings for harboring passenger shelters and storetheir goods. Examples of these buildings includefields , hotels and agencies and the store. The breadth of the business exchangebetween the various countries of the Muslim world led to the diversity of merchants types and trade firms, among them there werethe treasurer andthe equipped.
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الجوانب الاقتصادية في المغرب والاندلس من خلال كتاب مسالك الابصار في ممالك الامصار لابن فضل الله العمري المتوفى سنة (749 هـ / 1348م) == The Economical Sides In Morocco And Andalus Through The Book Of Msalik Al - Absar In Momalik Al - Amsar For Ibn Fdhl Allah Al - Omari Died In 749A.H. / 1348 A.D

Author name: سعد قاسم علي السويعدي
Supervisor name: محمود تركي فارس اللهيبي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Ibn Fadl Allah Al - Omari is consider bright scholar in the horizon of writing and creating and the best scientist who left his finger prints in the different areas on the politic sociology, economy and intellectual fields.The study of the economical sides are not less important of studying the political and social sides, where studying the economical sides which are represented by agriculture, industry, and commeres in consider important in that they reflect the range of progress and prosperity which the countries have reached wether in morocco or andalus.The study was divided into four chapters, where chapter one was the maine gate to enter to the dissertation where tackle the writers life history (his name, surname, his instructors, his age, his occupations, other scientists's opinion on him, and his books which reached twenty books, the most important was msolik Al - Absar in mamalik Al - Amsar.As for chapter two we tackled the agricultural side in morocco and andalus, mentioning the most important tools used in orgicultur, the types of farming lands, the water sources of rains and springs, the most important crops eg. Serials, fruits and the fruitful and non fruitful trees, in addition to the fortune of animals in morocco and Andalus and their place of existence. Ending the chapter with the most important factors that effecting the agricultural production.And in the third chapter we tackled the industrial side starting with the metals like gold, silver, copper and non metallic metals like mercury, vermilion, crystals and rare stones like Rubies, agate, der and the most important industries like food staff, iron industries, lechear industries, paper industry, pottery, ships, and fobric industries conclusing the chapter with the most important were the security deterioration and the political instability.And in chapter four we tackled the commercial side starting with the markets in their two types the perminant and the temporary and the most importants weight and pecks which were used in morocco and Andalus and the types of currency and mony, the most important hotels, the prices which were almost effected by the public situations in the country in addition to the most important commercial roots wither in land or in marine, and the most important materials which were exported between maroccan cities from one side and between The different countries like morocco, sudon, The East, and Europe and The most important imports of Andalus from then from Rhe other side concluding The chapter with The most important factors effecting commerce like politics and fraud and also The Natural factors represented by The storms and Their effect in ships drawing.
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قطلونية : دراسة في احوالها العامة من الفتح الى سنة 422هـ/1030م == Catalonia Study On Its General Conditions From Victory Until 422 AH /1030 AD

Author name: سعاد بدير هاشم البهادلي
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم خيطان حسن الياسري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis included four chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion with a group of supplements that included tables, maps, and photographs of the region of Catalonia the first chapter deal with (Catalonia : a study in their geographical situations) has included this chapter titled vocabulary : Definition of the Iberian peninsula, the site of Catalonia, naming Catalonia, cities and town and acts of Catalonia, the nature of the surface of Catalonia, the climate of Catalonia, Catalonia plans and highlighted the landmarks.This research focused in the second chapter on conquest and stability in the Arab - Muslim Catalonia during the era of conquest and governors (92 - 138 A.H. / 710 - 755melada), and during the era of the emirate and caliphate (138 - 422 A.H. / 755 - 1030 A.D.) under the title of political activity and the military rulers of the Andalusians on Catalonia , and this chapter included several points such as : Conquest and stability of the Arab - Muslim in Catalonia during the era of conquest and the governors, and the conditions of Catalonia in the era of the emirate and caliphate, rebellion the people of Barcelona the year (157 - 162 A.H. / 773 - 778 A.D.) movement Hussein Bin Yahya Al - Ansari and the killing the governor of Barcelona (163 - 167 H.D / 7783 A.D.) rebellion of Matrouh Bin Suleiman Al - Alarabi in (Tartosha) (172 - 175 A.H. / 788 - 791 A.D.), public events in Catalonia (180 - 422H.D. / 796 - 1030 A.D.).The third chapter deal with the social situation of Catalonia, has deal society components of Catalonia, social classes, social activity in Catalonia, and the means of entertainment, clothing and uniforms, the status of women in Andalusian society.The fourth chapter has focused on the economy of the territory of Catalonia, and the role of each sector of agriculture, industry and trade industries such as cheese of Rum, also this chapter included the economic activities of Catalonia, events ,and systems all are in the basin of the economic study as well as this chapter included : types of land, water resources , irrigation and agricultural activity in Andalusia, and the grazing of livestock, types of crops, types of industries, types of trade, markets and injury, minuend and coinage , weights and measures and standards.
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اثر الموالي في الحياة الفكرية في بغداد من خلال كتاب تاريخ بغداد للخطيب البغدادي ت 463هـ/1070م == Pro In The Intellectual Life In Baghdad During The Impact Of The Book On The History Of The Baghdad Khatib Al - Baghdadi (D. 463 AH / 1070 AD)

Author name: سرى سلام عطية الابراهيمي
Supervisor name: عبد الستار نصيف جاسم العامري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: After it was founded in the city of Baghdad (145 - 146 AH / 762 - 663 AD) became this city a prominent role in the intellectual life became not only in the Muslim world but also in the whole world known in that era course science, it worked to attract scientists from different religions and countries for reasons of scientific, social and other political and economic. The importance of the study of the subject of the importance of the history book of Baghdad, which includes translations of Arab and pro - eating male genealogy and scientific journeys and their elders and their pupils and their works, and the fact that Baghdad was the capital has become a pilgrimage site for students of science and of them pro who was the offspring intellectual apparently comparable to the product of the Arab Muslims has contributed to supplement Islamic Arab libraries and for this reason that prompted Balbagesh Valley midst of their search for pro in Baghdad through the history book of the Baghdad Khatib al - Baghdadi. The letter came on the unprecedented three chapters with an introduction and followed by a conclusion and supplements and a list of sources and references. The first chapter, entitled (life - Khatib al - Baghdadi, social, scientific and factors that contributed to attracting loyal to Baghdad) has included a brief introduction about his social and scientific existence of several studies leading up about that, and also ensure that the factors that contributed to attracting loyal to Baghdad. The second chapter was titled (per pro in religious studies) included Quranic science of knowledge of interpretation and readings also included modern science and jurisprudence. The third chapter is entitled (per pro in the humanities and sciences Pure "Applied") was developed humanities and sciences Pure "Applied" and anyone to separate in order to balance the message and the reason for this is the limited number of these translations for them in pure science compared to religious sciences and humanities and mentioned in this chapter pro in language and grammar, poetry and prose branches of public speaking and writing the role, and we dealt with stated theology, mysticism and science of history, either pure science Vtnolna scientists from pro in Science said the account included Conclusion prominent our findings through what provides us the information. the most prominent the significance of the date in Baghdad said translations and pro about the social and intellectual life, and the study proved that the pro was their contribution is clear and prominent in the intellectual life and measured the number of intellectual works that have contributed to supplement the Arab Islamic libraries
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محمد بن علي بن ابي طالب (عليه السلام) (ابن الحنفية) وجهاده في الاسلام == Muhammad, The Son Of Imam Ali Abn Abi Talib, Known As Ibn Al - Hanafiah Historical Study

Author name: زينب ضاري حسين
Supervisor name: نضال حميد سعيد الربيعي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The history is events and attitudes , and personalities are the most important elements of the industry these events and attitudes that played a big role in it, that the history of our Islamic nation is full of personalities that played a role and influence in the roles of life , and it participated directly or indirectly with draw its events and those figures figure. Abu Al - Qasim Muhammad Al - Akber , the son of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) known as Ibn Al - Hanafiah. This personal coupled with Al - Alawy family in conjunction with a strong, clear and mixed with its events and proceedings remarkable and memorable cannot deny that. He Has studied under his father, Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and he take from a multitude science of his brothers Imam Hassan and Hussein (peace be upon them) and he contemporary with the Imams Al - Sajjad and Baqir (peace be upon them), but his personality incurred to a case of ambiguity and foggy in some situations and sides in its motion , and was be a subject of the question and that motivated me to look for him is what I read from some of they have some quick convictions towards this personality that he did not come out with his brother Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) to Karbala, whereas he has not respect as observed in treated a lot of people with him, as well as from what I have read some of the quotes to make him as a negative evidence on his personality, so I choose this subject (Muhammad Al - Akber, the son of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) known as Ibn Al - Hanafiah.) attempt to remove this ambiguity that accompanied the life of this personality. The nature of the available material necessitated to us divided it on the introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion, including more important that reached in this research and appendix, therefore first chapter was entitled "The Life of Muhammad Ibn Al - Hanafiah and his biography," has included seven items , we studied in the first item his name and lineage, and we discussed in the second item for his nickname and surname ,and we highlighted in the third item on his birth and upbringing with his father, Imam Ali (peace be upon him) , but the fourth item has been specified for the study of his qualities and carried the title of the fifth item (his brothers). For large number we have chosen only three and two grandsons of Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) as Imam Hassan and Hussein (peace be upon them) and their brother Abou El Fadl Al - Abbas (peace be upon him) , and we clear the relationship Ibn Al - Hanafiah with them such a relationship based on love, harmony, respect, and we dealt with in the sixth item the cause of his wives and his children and concluded this chapter by the seventh item about his death and the multiplicity of stories about it , and his burial place. The second chapter carry the title "Jihadi and political role of the Mohammed Ibn Al - Hanafiah " has included six items , in the first item we studied the role of jihad in the Battle of the Camel year 36 AH. , and how was the standard - bearer of his father that day. The second item was specified to the study of his role in the battle of Saffeen of in 37 AH., and the third item addressed his role in the battle of the Naharawan year 38 AH ,or 39 AH and was said to shed light on the fourth item Ibn Al - Hanafiah position in the revolution of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) as we studied the most important reasons that prevented his participation in the incident Al - Taff painful. The fifth item included the position Mohammed Ibn Al - Hanafiah from succession of Abdullah Abn Zubair , Abdul Malik Abn Marwan , but the sixth item has studied the position of the Mohammed Ibn Al - Hanafiah of the Alkisanih faith which said his imamate , and the position of Imamate nephew Imam Ali Zainal Abidin (peace be upon him). the third chapter carry title " intellectual role of Ibn Al - Hanafiah " as it included six item studied, in the first item named (novels in interpretation) ,where the transfer of the commentators from Muhammad Ibn Al - Hanafiah the views of many in the interpretation of many of the verses of the Holy Quran
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الاسر الفارسية واثرها الفكري على الحضارة الاسلامية في العصور العباسية 132 - 656هـ/ 750 - 1258م == Persian Familes And Intell Ellectual Impact Boil Islamic Civilization In Abbasid Times (123 - 656 H.D/750 - 1258 A.D)

Author name: رؤى رعد علي السامرائي
Supervisor name: بهجة علي محمد
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: We reviewed our tagged (Persian Families intellectual impact on Islamic civilization in Abbasid times (123 - 656 h/750 - 1258 A.d) cultural links that existed between arabs and Persians that were the cause of intellectual exchanges amongciuilization and study contains preliminary to the era in which the Persian Families lived and how they have evolved Cultural life and its evolution the most important intellectual center that were prevalentin that era and then divided the study into three Chapter of the first Chapter Contains Three detectives First section dealt with geographical of Persia and Persain Families said by al Phabet and al - as Frini Family and al - bayhaqi Family and al - Baramkeh Family and al - Jouini Family and al - roiani Family and al - Sarkhasi Family and the Second Section contains al - Samaani Family and al - Shhami Family and al - Shirazi Family and al - Sabone Family and al - Saedi Family and al - Kiahrasi Family and al - qushayri Family. The Third Section wich Included al - Kraei Family and al - Ikaei Family and al - Monagm Family and al - Mazaki Family and al - Masergsi Family and Naubakht Family and al - Nashi Family and al - Nesabori Family. The Second Chapter has Included the Impact of Intellectual Families Parsianin Science Transport , it is divided in two Sections Contained The First Section The Impact of Persian Families in religious Sciences such as tafsir and Hadith and figh. Either the Second contained Contributions Frome Families in literary Sciences such as Poetry and literature and rhetoric. The Third Chapter of the intellectual impact of Persian Families in mentalscience and ensure that Chapter three detectives. The First Section contains the intellectual of Persian Families in medical Science and mathematic and Chemistry. Tither the Second Section contained Following Persian Families Teach Tricks and astronomy and astrology and science of Translation. The Third Section has included intellectual impact in the Persian Families in the Theology and Science of music and The Science of history, And our studies on this subject have reached several outcomes : 1. There were several factors helped development of intellectual life in Abbasid Baghdad especially being the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate became the place for prosperity of the scientific movement which led to attract large numbers of scholars of Persia, left a clear imprint on the March and the most important of these factors the spread of Islam and evolution of translation movement As well as the political situation that prevailed this time and the emergence of independent principalities and sponsoring science and scientific centres have a major cultural role in the prosperity of the Abbasid era.2. The study highlights the geographical location of Persia as Persia enjoyed an important geographical location which is part of the Islamic Orient and Persia and especially by Europeans of the Islamic Orient.3. He was a Persian families significant impact in stimulating intellectual movement and flourish in the Abbasid times as many households in Persian that long and take care of a lot of science, as it was mostly the encyclopedic scientists who take care of a lot of science in various aspects and worked on creating their own schools scientists teaching these families upon their death bury them.4. The study highlighted the intellectual contributions to Persian families and their impact in Islamic civilization where they excelled in multiple domains without a specific science specialization, we find them excelled in religious sciences such as modern interpretation and jurisprudence, which was the bulk of emergence in which scientists and literary Sciences excelled section of poetry and literature and eloquence and another excelled at mental science such as medicine, engineering and tricks, chemistry and other sciences.5. She held the religious sciences ample space for scholars of Persian families and large numbers of them emerged in tafsir and Fiqh and science of greater numbers in modern science and who were most active people seeking knowledge.6. As the study highlighted literary contributions to Persian families, don't overlook that large numbers of Persian families had an important impact in the poetic side, wrote poems and poetry and were among the poets and authors.7. Persian families contributed in mathematics, chemistry and science of scams and wrote many books on Science.8. As the study showed Persian families contributions in astronomy and astrology and popped in this whole science naubakht mine beds baramkeh.9. Scholars of Persian families contributed to traffic and translation and fixed bases in translation and some of them had a material and moral assistance for translators as a family they give me gifts; who mine baramkeh funds on scientis.10. Popped mine family family family Jouini alnobkht in theology and the whole family was prominent in most naubakht this flag.11. The entire family contributed to the mine and baramkeh musicology and wrote much literature on this flag.12. Nishaburi family contributed to the science of history and put several workbooks what our history book Nishapur to father Abdullah nishaburi which count of historical books on the history and mission of Nishapur
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الاحباس في مصر من القرن الخامس الهجري وحتى القرن الثامن الهجري : دراسة تاريخية == The Endowment In Egypt From The Fifth Century A.H Till The Eighth Century A.H. : A Historical Study

Author name: رغيد كمر مجيد الخالدي
Supervisor name: هيفاء عاصم محمد الطيار
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتناول الدراسة موضوع(الاحباس في مصر من القرن الخامس الهجري وحتى القرن الثامن الهجري دراسة تاريخية) وهو موضوع متعدد الجوانب، ففي تلك الحقبة الزمنية حكمت مصر ثلاثة دول(الفاطمية والايوبية والمملوكية) انتقلت فيها مصر من حالة عقائدية يمثلها الفاطميون(الشيعة ا | The present study deals with the endowment in Egypt from the fifth century a.h. till the eighth century a.h. as a historical study. This is a multi - level subject. During that period, Egypt was ruled by three different ststes : the Fatimids, the Ayoobids, and the Mamlukis. So, Egypt was transformed from being a religious state represented by the Fatimids into another one having a variation in religious faith represented by the Ayoobids and then the Mamlukis. When such a change of belief had its impact on Egypt, intellectually in specific, it also had its effect in establishing new educational and religious institutions, such as schools and khanqaahat established byn the Ayoobidsin order to put up with the Fatimid thought so as to be replaced by Sunni belief along with its four schools of thought. Those institutions got extended more during the Mamluki era, when to which various endowment and offices were specified by the endowmend donators. In my opinion, the subject is but a single instance within the series of studies of the endowmend from the historical perspective in the Islamic State. Undoubtedly, the society has always been in need to the endowmend since good pious deeds go for ever.In so far as the subject represents a historical follow - up to the system of endowmend in Egypt, it is made clear throughout the study put forward, that the Fatimid State had witnessed the establishment of the pious legacy system. Then, the system advanced more during the Ayoobid State era until it got its full shape in the Mamluki era.Further, the subject has another important aspect which is the study of endowmend institutions. Such a study would make it possible to get more acquaintance with those great achievements of the Islamic State in fields unshared by other non - Islamic States.Also, the endowmend system used to have many positive effects in Islamic state communities in general, and in Egypt in particular. It achieved luxury as well as made extensive the educational and health care in Egypt. What is more, it led to the continuous refurbishment of religious buildings there; it was that system which helped to protect most of the historical relics intact up to now.And due to the importance of those amount of money allocated to the system in so far as being associated with people's lives, the system got the great care of administration practiced by the States which successively ruled Egypt. The goal was to systematise the revenues and expenses in the system because it was considered as one of the financial resources of the State, a situation in which the endowmend became an integral part of the Egyptian economy life.The study has been made into a preliminary and five chapters in addition to an introduction and a statement of conclusions. The preliminary was entitled as : The endowmend in Egypt before the Fifth Century a.h.\ the Eleventh Century A.D.The first chapter studied the meaning, rules, legality, types and reasons of the endowmend. It included three sections : the first showed the linguistic and terminological meanings of endowmend; and displayed some of its rules; the second was devoted to studying the legal evidence of endowmend in the Quran, the Prophetly Sunnah, Ahlul - Bait tradition (the prophet's household ), and the General Consent; the third was made to the exposition of the types of and the reasons behind the establishment of endowmend.The second chapter tackled the administration of the endowmend and its impact on the economical aspect along the challenges it used face. It included three sections : the first exposed the administrative framework of the endowmend Divan; the second showed the impact on the economical aspect; while the third was specified to studying the challenges faced thereof.The third chapter tackled the administration of the endowmend and its impact the religious institutions. It went through three sections : the first studied mosques; the second exposed leagues, khanqaahat, and Small mosques; while the third section was devoted to showing other religious services; and what is more, it presented an account of the effect of endowmend in the continuation of these institutions and the facilities provided thereby.The fourth chapter shed light on the impact practiced by the endowmend on the educational institutions. It fell into three sections : the first displayed the most important institutions, which were schools, a situation yielded because the endowmend used have a great role in the provision of services to students; the second exposed other educational centres; and the third showed the role of pious legacy in supporting the educational institutions via libraries.As for the fifth chapter, it took care of dealing with the influence of the endowmend on health institutions. It consisted of two sections : the first exposed the most important health institutions (Pemarstanat or 'hospitals') where the role there was to support those financially in order to continue working; and the second was devoted to elaborating on the service of health care provided other institutions.Out of all this, we have come with the following : • endowmend, is considered one of the essential types of alms encouraged by Islam.• Due to the variation of Jurists' views concerning endowmend upon all times, where the aim had been to raise people's living standards by giving the chance to those who wished to pay, that standard - raising got deviated away from its natural course, of being a mere all - going charity, via being used by some to achieve unrightfully their personal aims.• Jurists played a distinct role in flourishing endowmend, for had it been not for their firm - standing views against the transgression over endowmend, it would not have continued, and never have been of such a role in the society.• The State took a great care of the endowmend administration in so far as being related closely to society via its relationship with many facility institutions.• The Fatimid State witnessed the systematic endowmend; then, the system developed more during the Ayoobids era when, after that, it took its full shape and spread extensively so as to include all life aspects during the Mamluki era.• Women had their prominent contribution to the endowmend, a state of affairs which included many fields such as religious and educational institutions.• The endowmend contributed in achieving a great role in the establishment of religious institutions which had the role to play in the prosperity of Islamic civilization. • The endowmend took part keeping safe the borders of the Islamic State via supporting al - Jihad bases as well as freeing captives and trying to provide them with facilities at their families' residence places.• The endowmend endowmend included furthermore many other important life aspects which would serve different classes of society, like the educational facilities. They contributed in providing the great financial support on which such institutions depended.• The endowmend took part in supporting health institutions, because the level of health service introduced depended totally on the amounts of money given.Eventually, it could be said that despite the existence of the 'State' and its supplying money to the society facilities, pious humanitarian legacies could also be oriented to serve the community.As well, the 'State' had to find legal forms ensuring the statement - of conditions proposed by endowmend donators, because such a recognition to their conditions would no doubt lead to encouraging good - doers to give up some of their possessions to the pious legacy.If truly we wanted to make use of the endowmend in Islam, we had to go back to the original concept in Islam, as being an all - going charity in order for it to carry out the role it was in basis put to play in the cooperation and solidarity of the community
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مخــطوطات البحر الميت : دراسة في الطائفة الاسينيـة == The Manuscripts Of The Dead Sea A Study Of The Essenion Community

Author name: رائد رحيم خضير
Supervisor name: غسان عبد صالح
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study is the first comprehensive study of the Academy in Iraq and the Arab world, on the subject of the Dead Sea Scrolls the study Essenes community. To facilitate the study of the subject was divided into two parts ; the first was titled "Dead Sea Scrolls", and included three chapters, distributor each and every one of them on two sections, a comprehensive study of the area of Qumran geographically included The reason for the settlement and the stages through which the region, as well as the entire revenue of the story the discovery of manuscripts by Jordanian shepherd Mohammed Deeb Altamera, with a full description of what was found in eleven caves, sealing the first chapter lists the era notation manuscripts and its ownership and the languages that are written. The second section of the first chapter of this section Fajts talking about the contents of the caves, which divided the researcher to biblical manuscripts and scrolls Mnholh, scripts authored by the sect that inhabited Qumran area. The second chapter of the first section , it is the other distributor on two sections , the first included a comprehensive study of the geographical, cultural and political terms the findings desolate area refunded and the Valley of the boxes , the second topic is to study the cultural and political impact of these discoveries through the semi - detailed for the most important translations of the Old Testament to explain. The third chapter he put under the title of "waste material", which is also divided into two sections from the first physical residue of the remains of the settlement of Qumran study, while the second section, examining a discovery of the money and the position of the sect started manuscripts from this site housing.The second section, Vtalv of three seasons, and was placed under the title "A Study in Al Essenes community," included the first chapter two sections, the first chapter in which to talk about the origins of Alosinyin and derive their name and the meaning and origin and prepare them in Palestine. The second section of this chapter has been devoted to the study of the relative links and intellectual Al Essenes with communities in the region, such as Al - assideens , Mtaahidi Damascus, Alasah, Alsekara, and others.The second chapter is also on two sections, the first of it to study the political connections of Essenes with Jewish groups, such as (Al Machabee, Sadducees, Al Pharisiens). The second section of this chapter, it is the political links Essenes with non - Jewish elements (the Nabataea's, Romans, Seleucids). The third and final chapter is about organizational beliefs of the sect Al Essenes , and talk about the separation of the regulatory side of the Al Essenes and Conditions join them and their rejection of earthly delights and commitment loi Mosaic, and appended thesis conclusion included the most important findings of the researcher.
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الرواية التاريخية عند الشيعة الامامية في احداث القرن الاول الهجري : دراسة تحليلية للمصادر حتى القرن السابع الهجري == The Historical Novel When Shiites Forehand To Bring About The First Century, An Analytical Study Of The Sources Until The Seventh Century

Author name: رافد عبد الحسن ماهور الجادري
Supervisor name: حسين داخل زويهي البهادلي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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الامام حميد بن ابي حميد الطويل ت 341 ه / 067 م سيرته ومروياته التاريخية == Imam Hameed Bin Abu Hameed Altawel His Biography And Historical Mroyate ( 143 AH / 760 AD )

Author name: دلير صلاح عبد الرحمن سليمان الجاف
Supervisor name: عبود حمود شنتاف الرحالي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: The ?rst chapter : his name and the nickname, also known as Family and its inception until his death, also took his time and witnessed the private city of Basra, political events and some parts of the Arab and Islamic countries, because he was born and grew up and died in Basra, and he was interested in the application of science and education without being occupied by these events after realized that the scienti?c and intellectual activity that is famous for the city of Basra in the mosque and scientists houses and supervision, including the markets for Mirbid market and the in?ux from scientists from Makkah and Medina , Kufa , Sham and others, who have become Shaikh to him, and his disciples after he won the holiday. Chapter II : dealt with the Shaikhs of Imam Hameed Altach which numbered more than forty - Shaikh was headed by Anas Ibn Malik and Hasan al - Basri, and T habit ibn Aslam and others. Also addressed the students of the Imam Hamid term whose numbers more than ?fty pupils, was led by the Sufian Al thoawri, and Malik ibn Anas and others, and also included the views of the scholars in it. Chapter III : Historical of Mroyate from Adam (peace be upon him) to the Farewell of the Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) and included mention news some prophets such as Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus (peace be upon I them) and the source of the Prophet (Muhammad peace be upon him) and , emigrated to the Al madiana, Moakhah between immigrants and supporters, and his battles and conquests and Saraya. Chapter IV and the last : Mroyate as varied as the wives of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and rumors of some of the women, and the virtues of companions, and food and drink, but morality and justice, retribution, farms and spaces. Some news of the Caliphs and some news about the Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan, and the Caliph Omar Ibn Abdul Aziz also addressed. The conclusion included the most important ?ndings of the study
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الاغتيال السياسي في الدولة الفاطمية (297 - 567هـ - 909 - 1171م) == Political Assassination In The Fatimid State : 297 - 567 AH / 909 - 1171

Author name: دعاء سعود حسون نايف المسعودي
Supervisor name: حسين كاظم حسون القطب ال طعمة
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: most of the successors of the Fatimid state used assassination as a means to aberuncate opponents and dissidents and negligent in the performance of their work; has begun using this method since the era of Obaid al - Mahdi in the first months of life of the State; was the share of the credit for the first in its proposal Abu Abdullah Shiite and his brother Abu Abbas and a num Kutama tribe leaders carried on their shoulders this great state.. After the reign of the Mahdi number of cases of political assassination in the succession of his son - Alkem because of his absence continuing from the capital of succession as a result of concern hounding Rebel external dad over; and the situation continued as it as during the succession of his son AL Mansur, who did not find in his reigh only two cases of assassination; while the number of such cases in succession Moez Ledin Allah who use this method to eliminate increaswd his opponents either in North Africa or in Egypt... Although the use of ALmoes to this method, the son AL Aziz Bellah did not resort to them; But that did not prevent his successor Al - Hokim BiAmr Allah of using this way to find some kind of control over the men of their owns; The assassination was punishemente immediate affect both tempted to default in the performance of his or infringement the public domain or even infringement the caliph.. women's have contributed to contribution is evident in the proliferation of these phenomenon; and started it since the days of Caliph Al - Hokim BiAmr Allah when he intervened sister Princess sit AL Mulk was an important reason for the assassination of some statesmen; has increased its intervention this after the death of her brother, Al - Hokim BiAmr Allah; and charged with trusteeship son Al - dhaher le Iizaz Deen Allah; resorted to this method that toppled Badedda the state of men qualified to overcome this critical stage after that formed a major threat to state her nephew..... Not only the contribution of women these on the role of Princess Sit Al mulk; but spread to others; was in forgronnd Ms. rassad "the wife of Caliph Al - dhaher le Iizaz Deen Allah and the mother of his son al - Mustansir"; these maid black, which was most important in the deterioration witnessed the era of al - Mustansir after having to issue orders to assassinate a number of Men state; and then caused by the conflict between the slaves and the Turks, which killed a lot After the split of the Ismaili da'wa for the first time in 487A.F on two types : Nizari and Mstalih; due to one end of Nizar for succession and assassination with Nasser state Avtekin and the Judge son Ammar; cases occurred assassination of several long Caliph Alamer in 524 AH; did not go on this division less than fifty years until exposed Ismailia Musta'li to split a new following the death of Caliph Alamer in 524 AH; dropped influence because of this division the of the Fatimid Caliph who became the puppet in his ministers; accompanied the decline bitter struggle for the position of the ministry, which has become the share of the strongest; has created this conflict a number of cases of assassination Political began with the assassinating Minister Hazar Almelok. As a result of this deteriorating situation، which was experienced by the Fatimid caliphate because of the dominance of its ministers; recognizes the succession successors young tried to restore their powers usurped; witnessed the last ten years of age Fatimid state violent conflict on the position of the Ministry; engaged the limbs forces external represented with znkyin "followers of the Abbasids," and the Crusaders; and because of that Egypt opened it doors widly ;and that conflict was ended by the assassination of Shur and controling of the Salahuddin on the Ministries of the country and carrying out an end to the rule of this state in the year 567A.F
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مدينة صور من الفتح الاسلامي حتى القرن السابع الهجري : دراسة في احوالها العامة == The City Of Surfrom The Islamic Conquest Until The Seventh Century A.H. A Study Of The General Conditions

Author name: خالـدة عباس نصيف الزهيري
Supervisor name: غنية ياسر كباشي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: When I have chosen (The City of Sur from the Islamic Conquest until the Seventh Century A.H.)I had to be obliged to the conducting of work towards that work in a decent war. I had to tackle the city from all angles : politically, economically, socially in poverty and prosperity. I have passed through the stages of the life in the city from the beginning of the Rashdi Caliphate )orthodox caliphs (and then passing through the degeneration era to the weakness which made it difficult from the Fatimid state to protect the fortified borderline cities and that has made them cede the city to the Turk leaders, who worked hard to protect them from the Crusade attacks. Thus, the affiliation of the city went to the protégé of the Tolonian and Akhshedia states. The weakness of the later led to the fall of the latter led to the conquest of the Levant in the hands of Saladin. This period was one of the most dangerous periods as far as the city age is concerned. This is because those who escaped the conquered cities agglomerated in the city of Sur and it has become a fort from the forts of the Crusades. The city has been exposed to years of devastation as it represents a coastal city on shore from which the enemy can penetrate. From the other aspects, we concluded that the city is one of the best cities. It was known in the fishery and pottery making and textile. It is a Shiite stronghold in Lebanon. Through the study we found that the city of Sur is prosperous in trade, industry, and intellectuality. We concluded that the Sur community was prevailed in peace and simplicity. Now, we have ended the research I mention the most important findings of the study like that the city of Sur was a cradle of civilization Phoenician cities. The matter of rope was imported from Egypt which is used in ship making. The wood was brought from the nearby forests in Carthage city, which competed with Rome in the command of the Mediterranean Sea since the sixth century. The Suris excelledin textile and weaving and the purple dye which the Phoenicians kept secret to monopolize the formulae. The water passages which arrived at the city of Sur. Sur was one of the oldest cities in coinage and the spread of the Sur dinar until the very last day of its fall indicates its richness. Since the year (69 - 79 BC) Sur began to mintcoins as an autonomous entity. In the era of Emperor Trajan (119 - 98 BC) the Sur was known for mintage and the Emperor Hadrian a Metropolis. The Emperor Siphrios raised the degree to a colony and they were regarded as Roman citizens. The paper industry was also known in Sur.
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دور ائمة اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) في الحياة العامة (183 - 256هـ/799 - 870م) == The Role Ahlulbait (Peace Be Upon Them) In Public Life (183 - 256 A.H\ 799 - 870 A.C)

Author name: حيدر عبد السادة شداوي
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم خيطان حسن الياسري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to God, who sent down the Criterion to His servant to be a harbinger for workers and peace and blessings on Muhammad, the illiterate Prophet whom God sent a witness and a missionary and a harbinger and calling for God's ear and lamp illuminating. Did not know the history captured as a family of Abi Talib penned glory crown at the junction of jihad lost her right Vttalbh patiently and consistently struggling bad ones cynical of their armies smiling to die crowned right Va - i - hdoa satisfied them comforting their consciences Sabrin Sabra beautiful raises Avannin admiration and admiration and radiates the colors of appreciation and reverence. Tnaasra enemies of the Immaculate family to fight it and invented the invention colors of doom and bulldozed kinds of heinous murder, And they hated the house (peace be upon them), but accused the owners of the right.Ara rulers haters did the Prophet (peace be upon them), but no edema. Sabo and severe shares on children and women and men to abandon their humanity, and in reckless foolish pigmentation foreheads actors Bhnan evil souls and become another of these martyrs (peace be upon them) newly tells the story circulating stories where people find glory and toughness right tale. Vmutiroa him and on choosing and they wrote with their blood because it contains the seed of renewed life. Despite the large number of enemies of this family were unsuccessful attempts to eradicate them fail.In perpetual trip between sheets of history in search of the truth and Tgosaia experience deep human actors struck me some of the names gleaming leading figures who have had the active role the constant and tender in the Islamic Shari'ah service and movement religious scholars over the centuries, is the most prominent of those figures are Ahlulbait peace who can Mtaatbaan them and researchers through the study of their lives and their careers to learn about the broad effort large and hardship they have made in order to uphold the banner of Islam and the preservation of religion from identity theft wrongdoers and interpretation of the ignorant, in addition to their positive attitude is clear about the serious circumstances surrounding the nation and the Islamic, which tried to change the line of Islam on the track after an absence Great Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon God for leadership Theater.With this in mind we've to choose the subject which deals with the biography of some imams Ahlulbayt and their role in public life in the third century and of religious and secular their interests and their responsibilities towards society and the parish at the time, is no secret that when we study the lives of those Imams peace be upon them as a whole and link the activities and attitudes of some some note that the fabric of one and planning an interconnected complements mutually aims to maintain the frequency of the debt through the generations and show Sharia according to the right approach corresponding to the words of God Almighty and the words of the Holy Messenger, bless God and God and peace, or the purpose behind his choice due to several reasons, including : The study in this letter deals with attitudes and opinions of imams peace and their role for them in social life and the other based on the perception of college instead of a fractional view of any perception of the imams in a comprehensive manner is the image of single every front, this thus gives a clearer picture of the roles they undertake all in the life of the Islamic and arguably that on the basis of that view that we go out the results of the largest and broadest of the total outcome of the fractional studies.
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منهج الداعي الفاطمي ادريس عماد الدين وموارده بالسبع السابع من كتاب عيون الاخبار وفنون الاثار

Author name: حيدر جابر عبد جبر الربيعي
Supervisor name: علي عطية شرقي الكعبي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله الذي لا تحصى نعمه ولا تعد فضائله والصلاة والسلام على رسوله الامين ابي القاسم محمد والة الطيبين الطاهرين ومن سار على نهجهم واتبع خطاهم بصدق الى يوم الدين. في ختام هذه الدراسة الموسومة (منهج الداعي ادريس عماد الدين وموارده في السبع السابع من كتاب
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الـمرويات التاريخية لهشام بن حسان المتوفى : 147ه/ 764م == The Historic Novels Of Hisham Ibn Hassan (147A.H\ 764A.C)

Author name: حنان شهاب احمد الشمري
Supervisor name: سعاد هادي حسن الطائي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Thankfully, the first with no beginning, and the other without end, immortal without expiration, the Creator without following the example, Bari is the requirement, and peace and blessings on the best wild Mahtda, and Otehrhm generator, and Osalbhm glossary, and mushrikeen Madza, Mohammed a great creations, and methods of orthodoxy, and his family good pure.After : the Islamic nation gave birth to a lot of personalities who have served the Islamic history with images of various and so save them and their version of Narratives which dealt with aside "whatever" of Islamic history and witnessed the events have had a significant impact in changing the ascension of history in general, and they do so they kept the course of that period of During their version of events, and between those characters : (Hisham bin Hassan Basri).And personal Hisham referred stigmatized them, in terms of confidence, even if some have described a selected elite who seconded itself to serve the Sunnah, did not Stadtha, hence the importance of studying, (Almruyat historical Hisham bin Hassan Basri) to look in his own way to collect them, and those who heard, and Onthlha, and how the photos from the mouths of its resources, who gathered in their chests, he is the one who, folded deserts and wasteland to saved in all the regions, and have made for that hearing, and gave their ages, and guarded it, and kept its laws, Vtnagulwh Capra for Capper, and swept him like what he heard the first of them to the last of them, and dear God to them that the wisdom of it to save his religion, guarding his law. In spite of all the adversity and events in Islamic history, kept us this great Secretariat and passed on to subsequent generations, they took it for services and the greatest of Islam, with a lack of resources available to them at that time, but what is available today to accomplish in history, the first and science is nothing What if a bit of a century and the possibilities of modern means in the printing and the search for sources. Under the guidance of the scholars, especially my teachers esteemed, and guidance of Almighty God chose topic being includes within it, a model and one of the advanced generation in the Arab Islamic history, Vtmachit with him through Mroyate, for the purpose of showing its role in keeping the heritage of this nation and how others adopt it by taking him , and the inclusion of his novels in the most important sources of the Arab Islamic history, a biographical works and the Hadith.The study of such magnitude, must be fraught with some difficulties, which was in the forefront of the lack of information on the translation of his personal life. The other difficulty Vtmthelt, lack of sources that talk about Mroyate in the Abbasid period, and that if there had to shed light on an important era of his life and his position Some of the events in, and the large number of difficulties scientific research supplied by historical novels written Sunan within its parts amounting to forty - two.The study has been organized in, an introduction, four chapters, and a conclusion; came first chapter under the title (the biography of Hisham bin Hassan and the circumstances of his time) by, three sections, devoted the first part, for (a biography of Hisham bin Hassan), which dealt with his personal life and included his name and lineage and his nickname, his title and his birth and his family, and his death; while the second section entitled (the era of Hisham bin Hassan), which dealt with political, economic and cultural his time The third section is the (scientific status of Hisham bin Hassan) dealt with his request for information, and scientific trips, and his elders and his disciples.Chapter II has carried the name of (historical Almruyat to Hisham bin Hassan from the prophets), included two sections, included the first section, Narratives Hisham bin Hassan prophets peace be upon them, while the second topic dedicated to (historical Almruyat to Hisham bin Hassan from the Prophet Mamed) has It included historical Mroyate from the Prophet's era of Prophet source ? until his death, and his wives, as well as some of the characters that lived with the Prophet.The third chapter was entitled, (historical Almruyat to Hisham bin Hassan for Rashidi and Umayyad and Abbasid) and Qaeda SHTML two sections Investigation, First topic was titled (historical Almruyat to Hisham bin Hassan for age - Rashidi (11 - 41h / 632 - 661m) and the Ahl al - Bayt), while the second section, (historical Almruyat to Hisham bin Hassan from the Umayyad period (41 - 132h / 661 - 749m) and Abbasid (132 - 147 AH / 632 - 764 AD), while catch the fourth chapter is devoted to (Hisham bin Hassan resources and approach) We put it to the most important resources Hisham bin Hassan that drew them Mroyate and the foundations of the selection of historical material, and style of presentation, as well as a display method, and the finale, it has dealt with the most important conclusions reached by the subject of the study.
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عطاء بن ابي رباح (ت115هـ/733م) ومروياته التاريخية == Historical Uarrativco Of Atah Bin Abi Rabah

Author name: حميد صبار عواد الزوبعي
Supervisor name: فاروق عبد الرزاق حسين الالوسي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: Messa has given the Islamic Arabian culture the gist of its intellect and introduced to history celebrated intellectuals in poetry prose , linguistics and morality. It is represented by Islamic intellectual and prominent leaders. By the generous effort of the educational circle , the researcher intends to study all aspects of Messa,s intellect in Biography through one of its most prominent figures. i.e, Imam Atah Bin Abi Rabah who is not given attention and studied though he is one of the most famous narrators , in addition to the importance of his historical narrative. Thus he is chosen to be the subject of this thesis because of his importance and because of the necessity of studying this figure. The aim of the study is to present his scientific life that his predecessors started and who made of Mecca a beacon for science and knowledge. It is important to shed light on the heritage of those begotten by Mecca and who through history , are immortalized because of their great deeds and giving's. The historical narrative of Atah Bin Abi Rabah which are found in many source are of great importance in the study of Biography. This is not high lightened before by researchers. Thus this thesis aim at clearing the mystery around this figure by concentrating on him and his historical narratives
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الرواية التاريخية في كتاب (غرر الفوائد ودرر القلائد) للشريف المرتضى المتوفى (436هـ/1044م) == The Historical Novel In The Book (Ghurar Al - Fawaed And Durar Al - Qalaed) For Al - Sharif Al - Murtadha Deceased (436 AH / 1044 Ac)

Author name: حسام داخل علي
Supervisor name: مثنى فليفل سلمان الفضلي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: We have cemented in the mind of many of us, that foreign control of resources of any country, especially if that control directly. It will lead to paralysis and disable a lot of those institutions of a political nature was the mother of the state's social or scientific, but perhaps in all walks of life. However, the specialist study of history, and from the history of Islam, could be up after research and investigation and take the necessary time to study a certain period of time, while making painstaking effort between the folds of historical pages, up to the facts may be a far cry from what we have referred to in advance, but may prove Facts new historical, that the foreign occupation and domination of Atakhlu positive effects in certain aspects of the life of that society. Including the period of our research and tagged {historical novel in the book (and pearls tricked benefits necklaces) for Sharif Murtada deceased (436 AH / 1044 AD)}. Since Albuehip control (334 - 447h / 945 - 1055m), the bulk of the capabilities of the Abbasid state in Baghdad. And who directly. As dazzling and striking at this stage is the development of a lot of aspects, including the activity and the growth of the scientific movement in Baghdad, because of this close association nature of our address, where the spread of the seminars that are part of that growth and intellectual activity and scientific. For this Fmma is no doubt that Mr. Murtada and his family the top is one of those productions for that time period. However, this does not mean that does not lead us to say that without this occupation because it is apparent that Mr. Galilee, but we want to say that with all the negatives that accompanies any foreign control over the destiny of a country, perhaps she the same time be a catalyst for the advancement of society in the areas of what, was the prophet Sharif Murtada, who wowed the Muslim world Bsjalath intellectual many in number and type, and his works, became the flag of the Islamic nation and Jhbma of Jhabztha in that historical period, and this is seen by many scientists and historians until he became named Sharif star with doctrine Imami duodenum, but an old man of the great elders, which issued the religious leadership of the Shia Imami. And he had a clear role in preserving the heritage of the Islamic nation in general, and especially the Shia Ithna; Mr. Sharif alMurtaza was the repository of many of the sciences that Nhlha of his teachers and elders Venerable, who schooled on their hands, and is reflected in the variety of his compositions. It was so scientific encyclopedia for Aanill trough, Venhl of his abundant many students, his home until he became a popular destination and a platform for seminars. That the purpose of the study of this inimitable personal and that was particularly important in forensic science and scientific Bmosusah, which dominated the scientific character, which some called to deny him a depth of knowledge of historical events, which are an essential part of the scientific personality, and that the cave between the folds of novels and historical events for different ages we have quoted in chapters of this letter, which addressed one of his books that we are going to study them. History as we know, is built on the foundations of a very important time and place is human, the group including the individual, and these pillars are often shared by many human sciences, and perhaps in the forefront of forensic science. The study of any authorized branches can not resign from the study of history according to each individual subject. Therefore, we find that the book (tricked benefits and dryer necklaces) has contained a lot of the verses of the Holy Quran and the Hadith, and support Mr. Murtada all that a lot of poetry and prose, was that Mr. Murtada one of Avmaz and the pillars of the Islamic world in general, and Imami jurisprudence duodenum in particular. The fact that all scientific effort is not without its small difficulties were large and is connected nature of the subject to be searched, so we see that the book methodology (tricked benefits and dryer necklaces) for Sharif Murtada had neglected to mention the bulk of the dates of the events and historical novels cited mention poked jurisprudential Besides very brief in the matter of historical facts, which require listed, and the historic nature of our approach to this study, exposure to refer to most of the historical sources that we have reached, and which varied in the disruption. The goal is to reach the origin of the novel or the historic event after viewing the report by Mr. Murtada in his ambiguity on those sources to determine the proportion of congruence and difference and in doing so get out the fact that historic event, and that too with the help of the views of some historians modern and views regarding dictum by writing this letter. One of the things that have been neglected in the book of ambiguity is not to mention the dates of those events. But we and the help of God we were able to evacuate this difficulty through what we mentioned above, the nature of the approach taken, where shows that between the folds of the chapters of this letter which contained this introduction, four chapters and an epilogue, came the first chapter, addressing in three axes, the first of which may be defined on the Biography vitae of Mr. Murtada and his family are honest, while the second axis has included mention of scientific life of Mr. Murtada and definition elders Mr. Murtada who are Oaazationm Imami elders who have the NHL galore knowing Shaykh Saduq (d. 381 AH / 991 AD), and Sheikh useful (d 413 AH / 1022 AD), with claims of Prophet Murtada Imami Twelver after his death, came in this axis also mentioned a number of his students venerable, who popularized prominence throughout the Muslim world Kalnjashi (d. 450 AH / 1058 AD), and Tusi (d. 460 AH / 1067 AD) and others, and is no doubt that such a world must leave the inter literature and workbooks that formed Aretha major scientific percent exceeded author in various forms of knowledge as we got it today, has become an important source should be referred to in the study, each according to its requirements, particularly for students of jurisprudence Imami duodenum, even scientists and historians said the sayings with altitude its status, it is what we see in a few right. Finally, the third axis of this chapter we dealt with the book that we have studied and we were able, with God's help come up with all the information arcane detail about him, the reasons for the book Voahtna named and described the nature of his themes and so on. The second chapter, which collected the historical narrative of the three eras, the pre - Islamic era and the message finally caliphate and the reason for this combination are the requirements of scientific methodology in finding a balance between the chapters of the message. It was the third quarter came under the historical novel of the era of the Umayyad address. And Mr. Murtada Khtmanaha era historical novel, the meaning here Abbasid era... and that was a title for the fourth quarter and last. And we finished our study to prove and install a number of findings that resulted during our trip school with these wonderful and personal meditation in his book (tricked benefits and dryer necklaces), which is also known Balomala... All of this was under Conclusion address. In conclusion, we ask God Almighty to have been successful for the completion of this message and to gain satisfaction and satisfaction of Muhammad and the pure satisfaction of our Lord Sharif al - Murtaza (Jerusalem secret); and finally satisfaction of my professors Distinguished members of the defense committee, which Sevadon the views and perspectives of scientific view and that will fill some of the gaps that scientific effort, which would make it more scientific and sedate. Vdzahm God and the people of prophecy House (peace be upon them), the best penalty box. The penalty for them is to pray for them Bmofiqih safety and security for themselves and their beloved Iraq. Peace, mercy and blessings of God.
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عصر النبوة في مرويات حماد بن زيد البصري (ت179هـ/795م) : دراسة مقارنة مع النصوص المعاصرة

Author name: جعفر ابراهيم عباس ال خاطر الجوراني
Supervisor name: نوال ناظم محمود
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Hammad bin Zaid was one of those who witnessed the marvelous start, which was establishing to an Islamic Arab civilization. The maturity and the rise of this civilization was going hand in hand with the time of Hamad's life span from his birth in ( 98 AH - 716 AD ) until his death in ( 179 AH - 795 AD ). It was the time of the most important events and political changes of that period, which culminated in the fall of the Umayyad dynasty ( 41 - 132 AH / 661 - 749 AD ) , and the establishment of the Abbasid dynasty ( 132 - 656 AH / 749 - 1258 AD ). Hammad did neither take any role in those events, nor had any connection with a Caliph..He had only few meetings with the princes of his city of Basra, where he was born, lived , died and buried. Hammad was the pioneer scholar of the city of Basra, he was a descendent of a well - known knowledgeable family, originally from the captivity of Sajestan city in the Muslim East. Their grandfather was a captive who was owned by the tribe of Alozd Aljhadm, he embraced Islam became a member of them by loyalty until they set him free from slavery and he got a grand position in Basra, Hammad began to learn at the hands of grand scholars and highly knowledgeable people of different prevailing sciences at that period.Then, he became knowledgeable in the different readings and interpretation of the holy Quran and the authentic narrations of the prophet Muhammad (known as hadith). He became a comprehensive scholar followed by many students who became later prominent figures in that city. Hammad learnt all the hadith by heart he did not use to write it although he was able to do so. His students and disciples conveyed about four thousand authentic narrations of the prophet Muhammad (known as hadith), His work enriched several famous books. He was proficient, jurist, pious and a trustworthy scholar who was praised by his contemporaries, elders and disciples. The focus in this thesis is on Hammad's authentic narrations of the prophet Muhammad 's period because of the abundance of his narrations on the other Islamic periods.Then, there is a comparison between his works that are concerned with the prophet's period with the works of other scholars. The faces of the similarities and differences are exposed as far as form and content are concerned to achieve the desired benefit of the research. Towards reaching and investigating about the reason behind the dependence of most sources on the work of Hammad as a base and raw materials at the beginning step of documenting the Islamic history
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كتاب الفتوحات الاسلامية المبكرة للمستشرق الامريكي دونر الفرد ماكجرو : دراسة منهجية نقدية == The Book Of Early Islamic Conquests Of The American Orientalist Fred Mcgraw Donner. Acritical/Methodological Study

Author name: تسالي عطية عذير
Supervisor name: ليث شاكر محمود
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study consists of a preface, introduction and four chapters in addition to the abstract and the bibliography and references in the light of the historical in formation available in the resources and references ,our design to the thesis comes out as follows; the prefac deals with the Contemporay American oriental and the biography of the oriental fred Donner which combines the four sections;The first section;the American mentaliy directions and its relation with East,as l have illustrated how it developed since the exploration and how the first writers took care in their writings whether ,literary ,historical ,of the East.The second section;The American Orientalism and its relation with the lslamic Arab History as l have stated the consideration with the lslamic studies While the third section; combines the most contemporary American Orientasls ,the fourth section talks about the life of the oriental fred Donner and highlights his scientific life.Ln the first chapter l have dealt with Donners methodology in the book of the Early lslmic conquests and it contains two sections; The first section the methodology of Donner in the Early lslamic conquests book stating the contents of the book and how he divides the book.While the second section is a reading in the method and resources of Donner in the book of Early lslamic conquests.While the second chter includes in the message era and has two section; the first is about the early conquests in the messag era discuss civil biography features of peace be upon him and the start of the lslamic invasions.The second section about the lslamic in vasions of Syria in the message era(622AD/1H - 632AD/11H) as it tackle the invasions the prophe (peace be upon him) sent to northern Syria. And the third chapted is all ocated to the lslamic conquest in Syria and combines two sections ;the first is the lslamic conquest in the era of caliphate of Abu bakr (622AD/11H - 632AD/13H)and about sending of the lslamic armies to Abu Bakr and how to choose the conquest leaders and the most important battes. The second section talks abot the lslamic conquest in the era of Caliphate Omar ibn al - Khattab (634AD/13H - 644AD/23H)as he continues the lslamic conquest after the death of caliph Abu bakr as Syria was conquest in his caliphate. Chapter four is the conquesn of lraq and includes two sections; the first section the lslamic conuests in lraq in the caliphate of Abu Bakr (632AD/11H - 634AD/13H)deals with the conquests during the era of caliphate of Abu bakr and compares it with the Arabic and oriental resources. The second section;the lraq conquests in the era of caliphate omar ibn alkattab (634AD/13H - 644AD/23H)and opening the most important area of lraq and Donner highlights in lraq conuest on the most important battles that have an effect in open of lraq
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قبيلة بلي ودورها السياسي والحضاري من عصر الرسالة حتى نهاية العصر العباسي الاول (1 - 247هـ /622 - 861 م)

Author name: تحسين احمد سعيد خليف العبيدي
Supervisor name: عبد الستار مطلك درويش
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: Praise to Allah lord of the worlds and prayer and peace upon the prophet Mohamed (peace be upon him ).The study of the Arab tribes is important historical studies. it is an essential pillar and important episode in the study of the political and social history for these tribes as we knew. the most of these tribes were believed in Islam and contributed significantly as well as its contribution of spreading of the Arabic language and Islamic religion because these were the most capable in this area. the tribe Baly (Ble) Alqdiah were one of Hejaz tribes which believed in Islamic religion and contributed to support this religion. Most of their men and characters participate with the prophet Mohamed. In the first and second era and Bader one. They had a great roll in release processes in sham or Egypt or Andalus. My studies included an introduction and four season and conclusion. 1 - the first season : the general condition for Ble tribe. I mentioned the pedigree and their members and the places that they were settled down. As well as I mentioned their alliances with the other tribes. At last I mentioned their religion.2 - the second season : I wrote about Ble tribes roll in the age of the Message (1 - 11) H/ (622 - 632) M. I mentioned their roll in the Islamic calling before the prophets migration (6.9 - 620) M. they participated in the first and second obstacles. more over than I mentioned their roll in the prophets invasion (1 - 11) H ( Bader battle - Uhid battle - Trench battle - Al hudibia reconciliation - Mutach battle - with chains battle - Okash bin Husn faction to other land and Ble - Tabuk battle). Also I mentioned Ble tribe's delegations to the prophet Mohamed (peace is upon him).The third season : special study to the political condition of Ble tribe in the age of Al.Rashidi and All Umayyad. In the beginning their position of the pledge caliph Abu Baker (Allah be pleased upon him) and the companions contribution for eliminative of (Bizakha and Yamama) apostasy. Also their roll in the battle of releasing Egypt and the siege of Babylon's fortress and Alex Andria siege. I also mentioned tribal members participating in killing the caliph Othman bin Afan (Allah is pleased upon him). After that they pledge allegiance the caliph Ali Bin Abi Talib (peace is upon him).They participation in completing to open Egypt, then they entered Africa and Alandluse.The fourth season : the administrative economic and intellectual affection in the age of the message until the first Abbasis age (1 - 247)H. I mentioned in the end the important results that the study reache
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التدوين التاريخي ومنهجه في الاندلس من القرن الخامس الهجري حتى نهاية القرن السابع الهجري == Historical Documentation And Its Approach In Al - Andulus

Author name: ايمان محمود حمادي العبيدي
Supervisor name: كريم عجيل حسين الجباوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: Researchers of History paid attention to the study of historical documentation and its approach for such study is useful for specialists in this field. A lot of theses, dissertations, books and papers in the past decades and the first decade of this century have been written dealing with the compilations of Islamic historians and their approach. The present thesis is entitled “ Historical Documentation and Its Approach in Al - Andulus 5th Century to 7th Century of Hijra” and is classified into five chapters. Chapter one deals with the documentations of the people of Andulus in the field of History according to the style of biographies which is one of the old and important approaches done by Islamic historians. It shows the development of the historical documentation and its trends and effects due to the changing circumstances of Al - Andulus. The chapter includes seven sections. In each section, there are three major points, which deal with the documentation of men biography, jurists and judges biography, literary writers and poets biographies, the documentation of princes, caliphs, women biographies, and the documentation of writers and doctors biographies. The last section deals with another kind of biography which is the documentation of sheikhs index (Known as Al - Baramij). Chapter two deals with the documentation of events in al - Andulus (5th century to 7th century). It includes two sections. Each one includes three major points dedicated to the documentation of Al - Magazi and Al - Seyar and the documentation of ancestry and news. We have mentioned at the end of each chapter what the sources mentioned as informational or historian therefore it did not mention his books. Chapter three deals with the approach of Ibn Hazm (died in 456 h.) in the documentation of biographies. We have chosen four letters in biography as models of study. We have studied his approach in each letter and his approach in the organization of each letter and the nature of biographies. Ibn - Hazm wrote in the first letter about the readers of Egypt. He mentioned them in a scientific approach caring to the time and place choen for his biographers. The space of his biographers in each letter was not equal, which was natural. Each writer has his approach in choosing the kind, bases and space of biographies, which lie behind certain reasons known for specialists. Ibn - Hazm dedicated his letter for the famous readers of various places and mentioned the name and death year. His criterion of fame was clear. In the second letter, he mentioned the narrators of Hadith, mentioning the great names of narrators only. He dedicated the third letter to Fatwa sheikhs in various places. The fourth letter deals with the biographies of Al - Rahedeen, Amoyeen and Abbaside Caliphs, ending with Al - Muqtader. He followed a specific approach. The biography includes major pillars which mention the nickname, the name, year of ascending the throne, date of death and name of Caliph’s mother. Chapter four deals wit the study of the approach of ‘Pioneers of Maliqa’ for Ibn - Asaker (died in 636), which is completed by his nephew Ibn - Khamis (died in 639). This book deals with two kinds of biographies : the jurists and literary men of Maliqa. We presented the contents of the book, then we studied the approach of biography of the writer, which is the name, ancestry, nickname, living place ans sometimes death year and their poetry. The chapter presents the approach of the book sources and the written books. Finally, it includes the political, administrative and cultural contents of the book ‘Pioneers of Maliqa’. Chapter five deals with the book of ‘Al - Awasim from Al - Qwasim’ for the judge Abi Bakir Ibn Al - Arabi (died in 543). It talks about his general outline and his approach in organization. He divided his book into two parts. The first deals with the dogmatic and thoughtful crises faced the nation through the statements and opinions of philosophers and various schools of thought. It includes too the solutions and answers for these problems. The second part of the book deals with the historical crises of the nation, especially the death of the prophet Mohammad (peace and blessing upon him), which was a great crisis in the Islamic history. Then the writer talked about the reaction to this crisis which is ended with the selection of Abu Bakir who ended this crisis. We studied the approach of Abu Bakir in systemizing his book, his contents and his sources. He was the first to deal with this approach in dealing with the thoughtful problems and dangerous historical events in the history of the nation when he made his book ‘crises and prevention’. He expressed his personal opinion in these issues, which is an opinion of an Andulusian historian concerning the crises of the nation. He showed his ability and direction in this approach, which he saw as useful to solve these crises. Therefore, he dedicated his book to deal with this issue. The study ends with a conclusion and recommendations. The study concludes that there are certain reasons for the abundance of historical documentation in the decades of the fifth century of Hijra. Among these reasons are the development of Moslems life and the intellectual movement in Al - Andulus. The centralized political rule in Al - Andulus and the establishment of the rule of states helped to prepare the suitable milieu for development and prosperity. The scientific progress is ended in Al - Andulus with the end of the centralized political power. Scientists, literary men and poets deserted Qurtaba city, the Capital of great Andulus because of the lack of security due to the great disturbance. Those writers deserted Qurtaba in 399 H. to the cities, which lie far of the tension. They found the encouragement and status with the princes of these cities. The princes of these states, during the years of disturbance and after the end of the Amoayan Caliphate in Al - Andulus in 422 to attract the scientists, gifted men and craftsmen and make them so close because some of the princes were poets or scientists brought up in a civilized society appreciating knowledge and science. We are not certain that the books mentioned in the two chapters by the Islamic historians are the only two documentations but they reflect part of the development of historical documentation in Al - Andulus till the end of seventh century. It is clear that the documentation continued in the fifth, sixth and seventh centuries more than the fourth century, which was politically and culturally stable though the political fragmentation led to the appearance of many small states known as the states of Al - Tawaaif in a time of political and military retreat of Al - Andulus in the ages of Al - Tawaaif, Al - Murabeteen and Al - Muhadeen. It is clear too through chapters three, four and five that the Andulusian historians are different in their approaches in organizing their books, so it was difficult to compare their approaches for their books are different in their contents too.
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المرويات التاريخية عن العراق وبلاد الشام في كتاب تاريخ حوادث الزمان وانبائه ووفيات الاكابر والاعيان من ابنائه لابن الجزري المتوفى (738هـ/1338م) == Historical Texts About Iraq And Syria From Tarikh Hawadith Al - Zaman Wa - Anba,Uhu Wa - Wafayat Al - Akabir Wa - Al - A'Yan Min Abn,Ihi By Ibn Al - Ja (738 AH/1338 Ad

Author name: ايمان عبد الجبار محمود التميمي
Supervisor name: مشتاق كاظم عاكول المياحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In the light of exposing historical relates mentioned by (Ibn Al - Jazri), the study gets to a number of matters : 1 - The Book of (Tarikh Hawadith Al - Zaman) known as the history of (Ibn Al - Jazri) died in (739AH - 1339AD) is our study case. This book is an important since it includes a historical period concerned with different sides of life under Mamalik political era including the religious, social and economic sides. Besides, the book concerned with deaths and was as a witness for aspects of that life. The book presented news that might not be found in other historians.2 - The book exposes accurate details about political and military (Damascus), whereof (Ibn Al - Jazri) talked about the death of Sultan (Sayf Al - Din Qilawin) and how his son Sultan (Khalil) was killed. Accordingly, his brother Sultan (Al - Nair Muhammad) ascended the throne. The book frequently talked about the throne forcibly taken from Sultan (Nasir), but he got it back and remained in the throne until his death. The book also talked about great achievements occurred during the era of Sultan (Al - Nasir), wherein (Ibn Al - Jazri) spent most of life, together with achievements Sultan fulfilled in neighboring cities.3 - The book talked about absolute authority Sultan ( Al - Nasir) gave it to the prince of Sham (Tankaz Bin Abdullah Al - Hussami) whose rein characterized with stability and security for the people due to economic achievements including lands reform, building , water , taxes reduce and other achievements. It has been indicated through our reading these events , that Bilad Al - Sham was economically prosperous via the agriculture that gave it a very prominent geographical site since it was located near the mountain of (Qasyun) and near the rivers. Moreover, there prevailed industry, office of taxes and internal and external trade prosperity as to encourage Sultans to do more.4 - The book depicted life of the people, along with their happiness, traditions, social, national and religious ceremonies. Ibn Al - Jazri talked about social appearances for Ruling family as Sultans and princes ( their daughters marriage or marriage of one of them in addition to luxury. (Ibn Al - Jazri) also concerned with religious and national ceremonies for other people ( non - Muslims) lived side by side with Muslims in Damascus. 5 - The book exposes all religious and cultural sides during Mamluki era through establishing schools , mosques and appointing efficient teachers, judges ( with all religious references) who were living in Damascus. The book concerned with the prominent men's religious ceremonies. Hence the book was a real mirror to expose cynicism in BiladAl - Sham and it mentioned the most prominent figures of cynicism in Bilad Al - Sham at that time. 6 - Despite the author concerned with the history of Bilad Al - Sham, Egypt extremely,but he did not confine himself at this point , rather he exceeded to include news of other neighboring countries just like Iraq ,Yemen and others as India, Habasha and Binghal. 7 - The historical subject included in this book being mostly regarded as an accurate one, sometime, the author tends to summarize the details, depending on the sources.8 - The book did not depend only on observations of (Ibn Al - Jazri), but it exceeded that by depending on his interviews and his relations with Shaykhs and talks delivered to him from his father, his uncles and his relatives.9 - The book mentioned wonders and strangers and some jokes happened in the city of (Ibn Jazri) (Damascus) or received news from other countries via sources he relied on in his book. The book also included simple colloquial words of his city (Damascus).10 - The book included poetry, poems and recitations which (Ibn Al - Jazri) organized about prominent figures in addition to other tales recited to him by prominent figures about their life. Thus, the book has considered as a literary one since it includes names of books and volumes. It is worthy to be mentioned that the author translated in it (the book) for himself, for his sons, for his brothers and for his relatives. Despite a lot of writers wrote about him (Ibn Al - Jazri), but their details were simple and abridged exceeding not more than few lines, even if they were contemporary with him or were directly contacting with him.
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مدينة جوين : دراسة في احوالها العامة من القرن الاول الهجري حتى نهاية القرن الثامن الهجري == Gwen City Study In Public Their Conditions From The First Century Until The End Of The Eighth Century AH

Author name: انعام صافي عبد جاسم الربيعي
Supervisor name: سعاد هادي حسن الطائي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله الاول قبل الانشاء، والاخر بعد فناء الاشياء، والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد خاتم الرسل والانبياء وعلى ال بيته وصحبه الغر النجباء... شهدت مدن العالم الاسلامي ومنذ الوهلة الاولى لانتشار الاسلام فيها الى تغيير هائل في بنائها المدني وعلى جميع الاصع | Praise be to God first before construction, and the other things after courtyard, prayer and peace be upon the Prophet Muhammad ring of the apostles and prophets, and the family of his home and his family a granite nujaba... I saw the cities of the Islamic world and the very outset of the spread of Islam in which to a huge change in the civil construction and at all levels, and thus draws attention that historical period extending from 3 AH / 9th century AD onwards has been characterized advantage outperformed other advantages, making it the focus of attention of writers and researchers and is busy the Islamic world and its cities to science and knowledge and the arts Arts, which characterized most of the Islamic character, which encouraged them to label these centuries of life of the Islamic nation the Golden Ages to the campaign of the evolution of massive cities and in all of science, has raced cities to appear booming cities scientifically and if Beyond talk of the capital of the caliphate Baghdad nearby cities including Kalsham, Egypt, Morocco, and we went Bonzarna towards the Orient to the Khorasan province and its cities and Rsataiqa as the various sciences flourished until Nishapur became schools of the largest and most important universities in the Islamic world at that time, I have written in this area a lot of studies and research, but they still give researchers from der what ownership of the treasures of science and knowledge, it is still a lot of angles and aspects of what it is worth research and study, and in one corner of Nishapur attracted our attention ancient city Hdtna the momentum sciences and the diversity of knowledge and culture of her children, was the catalyst and encouraging the study and I am pleased as saying that the idea It was studied with the encouragement of my professor virtuous Prof. Suad Hadi Hassan al - Tai, as suggested commendable study and Omdtna the reasons for the access..Gwen that city, which is Rustaq fourth of Rsatiq Nishapur, and one of the important Orhan same geographic location is important geographically and regionally, in the city met the reasons for urbanization, because it is abundant agriculture, industry list, and moneymaking popular, and culture full of science inherited a sophisticated, entered the Islamic religion Vhzb its civilization, and camel culture, and the age of its society to become integrated Islamic city, and had interest in Islamic science has intrigued researchers and writers, as he appeared in a large number of scientists who took the science of religion and cared for him very much attention, but that attention to the science of the Islamic religion did not prevent interest in science again, Gwen The community characterized by inclusiveness because the other sciences, such as language and social sciences and applied sciences and intellectual has figured Jawinyin.The information and news about frequent and diverse city has helped us to know what it was and how the city was geographical, regional, economic, social, scientific and intellectual environment for their children.Despite the presence of valuable information in the books for the city but there are some difficulties that we have encountered in some respects during the search, including the Arab sources did not expand to talk about some aspects, such as some of its villages names and the meaning of the city and villages name and derived language, which led us to adopt the Persian and other foreign sources.One of the difficulties that we faced also the lack of available information on the names of some of the educational institutions and their locations, especially mosques, connectivity and schools, as well as having some Alguinah scientific figures with an interest in the novel the Hadith, but wrote Sir translations only a little and only mentioned their names in not remember them outsource some novels Hadith Although the accuracy of the research.Life has been in integrated Gwen city and from different aspects, has been characterized sciences diversity and inclusiveness, due to interest people in science and learning, and the interest of the governors and governors in this regard, which was the outcome of that city's appearance appearance scientific diversified It is worth to him noted that previous studies did not take the city only Some scientists study such as Abdul Malik bin Abdullah Jouini famous Faqih Shafi'i (d. 478 AH / 1085 AD), was interested in this regard jurists if ate his books of fiqh and his style and approach them as Arjawa on his views of jurisprudence in various issues, as well as with of Atta king Jouini (d. 681 AH / 1282 m) as he studied his political role with the Mongols and this Makedmh Mohammed Saeed Jamal al - Din in his book Aladdin Atta king Jouini governor of Iraq after the expiry of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad, either from the city of Gwen public and condition did not address her studies before and that this study is the first in this area If dealt with different aspects of the city and this is what Snodha chapters in the thesis : Thesis included four chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion.I dealt with in the first chapter, entitled (Gwen) City geography, which included two topics First topic (linguistic and historical roots of the name Gwen city and its geographic borders) as it addressed naming the city and linguistic derivation and meaning of the label and the gradient in pronunciation and localization and opinions that have been said in the meaning of the label and derived, then City site and its importance, and its borders, and length, width.In the second part, which carries the name (villages Gwen city and its roads and terrain, climate) has been the study of cities, towns and villages and Qsbadtha and associated and the change in the towns from time to time and the importance of conducting, including roads and referred to the importance of this in life, especially economic and social city, either topography and climate have The study addressed the importance of the fact that in terms of general ambience of the city, and the importance of it in the lives of its inhabitants.The second chapter, which carries the name (the elements of the population in the city of Gwen and religious beliefs and economic and political activity) has included three sections of which the first part, which dealt with the (elements of the population in the city of Gwen and religious beliefs) It was found that the city containing different social composition formed their complementarity community Jouini as we find the Persians, Arabs, Kurds, Turkmen and Baluch or Baloch, have varied religious beliefs among these populations from one era to another. After the spread of the ancient Persian religion of worship based on polytheism and polytheism, we find in the later periods of the spread of Zoroastrianism and doctrines of other such doctrine Mani and Mozdok, has spread temples this religion in most cities, especially Gwen and villages, and besides those religions we find Judaism, Christianity, and then to be the conclusion keeping with the Islamic faith, which has spread in the city of Gwen all the cities of the Orient Islamic and the Broader religion and the broader After the conversion of the population of the Islamic religion, which has become the official state religion.In the second section dealt with (economic activity in the city of Gwen and its impact on public life), if done in the city, all the elements of its economic life has been the study of agriculture in the city, industry, mining and commerce dealt with, and the impact of economic activity on public life in the city, the study showed that Gwen City an economically prosperous city for the success of cultivation and development of industry, trade and vogue because it is located on the road to commercial convoys and it was a rest station for these convoys as well as the attention of rulers and encourage trade and secure.In the third section dealt with (the Arab conquest of the city Gwen political, military and condition (31 - 800h / 651 - 1397m) has included the study of the Arab - Muslim conquest of the city in 31 AH / 651 AD and political conditions which accompanied and followed it to the year 132 AH / 749 AD) then addressed the political and military developments in the city in the period Allhakh (132 - 800h / 749 - 1397m).In the third chapter it was about our research center (agents and catalysts boom scientific life in the city of Gwen), which included four topics included the first (the spread of Islam and the Arabic language in the city of Gwen and its impact on the prosperity of the scientific life)(And the emergence of educational institutions in the city and its role in the evolution of the scientific life) represented in the mosques and Koranic schools, connectivity and Khanqahat and houses scientists and bookcases, as was the prominent role of these institutions in the prosperity of the scientific life of the receivables Gwen.In the second section dealt with (scientific councils and their impact on the prosperity of scientific life in the city of Gwen) and is represented on the boards of dictation and Alastmlae, and boards of preaching and reminders, and boards of the debate, and the role of these councils valuable publication of science, culture and awareness in the cityIn the third section dealt with (the role of the princes and rulers of scientific and families in the scientific life support and prosperity in the city of Gwen), as was the cam and princes important role in the scientific life support if encouraged scientists and Qrbohem and made them gifts and prizes, but they built them schools and the role of education and exaggerated in the press for authoring and classification provided So many awards and grants, also addressed this topic in scientific role of families in the city of Gwen in the scientific life support which emerged after a distinguished families such as the family of Al - Jouini vitality and brown febrile Jouini and family Bahauddin Jouini (owner of Court).In the fourth section dealt with (trips and their impact in support of scientific activity in the city of Gwen) has focused research on scientific trips and their impact in support of scientific activity as the Muslim world scientists journey showed to the city of Gwen and their role in the dissemination of science in the debtor, and a trip Gwen city of scientists to the cities of the Muslim world The track of them in the dissemination of sciences in those cities and the introduction of Yalom cities that left it and seeking more of them then deployed in the city of Gwen when they return to it, as well as put a cost pilgrimage to the Mecca of the importance of the pilgrimage in the development of science and knowledge if it meets the pilgrimage seasons many scientists both in Mecca or in cities that are located on the roads leading to it making it easier to meet with those scientists and taking them.In the fourth chapter, which carries the title (flourishing religious and human, intellectual and mental sciences in the city of Gwen) has included four topics singled out the first section of which (actively religious sciences in the city), represented in the Holy Quran science of conservation and readings and interpretation included as well as the Hadith Sciences and prosperity of science Fiqh in the city of Gwen and the most prominent jurists.In the second section dealt with (boom of Human Sciences in the city of Gwen), which is in Arabic language sciences Activity in the city of grammar, literature and the subsequent poetry and prose, letters, shrines and they might rhetoric and Arts rhetoric as well as dealt with calligraphy and prosperity of writing, the most prominent writers in the city, as has been pointed to the social sciences in the city, such as history and geography did not empty the city of the arts, especially music, as some have been identified and authors interested in this aspect.The third section, which carries the title (the evolution of intellectual science at the City Gwen), have been identified, of which the most prominent intellectual of Science in the city theology in particular, and science controversy and disagreement, and philosophy, wisdom and logic, mysticism and the most prominent interested him from the people of Gwen city.In the fourth section, which carries the title (support mental sciences in the city of Gwen and development), the research focused on the medicine, engineering, algebra and arithmetic and mathematics.The thesis is attached tables and charts for scientific families in the city, as well as geographical maps of the city and several pictures illustrate some areas and archaeological sites of the city.
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الرحالة البندقي ماركو بولو (ت725هـ/1324م) ومروياته عن المغول : دراسة في المصادر المغولية والاسلامية == Marco Polo The Venetian Traveller (D.725 H/1324M) And His Narratives On The Mongols A Study In Mongolian And Islamic Sources

Author name: احمد فرطوس حيدر
Supervisor name: مرتضى حسن النقيب
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present study, which is entitled (The Venetian Traveler Marco Polo, died in 725 H, 1324 AD, and His tales on about the Mongols), discusses the most prominent historical narratives told by this Venetian traveller about Mongols in the middle ages. This traveler, no doubt, gained a prominent fame that none of the European travelers who preceded him acquired. There are two reasons behind this, firstly for the value of the narratives he wrote about Mongols whether it was from historical point of view or reports counties when they were at the summit of their prominence full of wars and unrest, and secondly, for the great impact these historical narratives had on the European thinkers and their societies about Asian Orient in general and specially the Mongol peoples, who quickly turned from tribes fighting each other to conquers of the world. They had conquered half of the world during the seventh Hegira Century, Thirteenth AD. This dissertation is consist of four chapters, introduction, conclusion, plus list of and appendixes a list of Source material. Chapter one discusses the life and time of the traveller Marco Polo beginning with his birth in Venice, and his growing statehood , his famous travel to China and post in the Mongol Royal palace till his departure to Venice and his death in 725H, 1324 AD. Chapter two deals with the social traditions and habits of the Mongols and the countries submitted to them through a contrastive study between Marco Polo's narratives and those of other contemporary sources in this respect concerning all social life of Mongol life. Chapter three is about Marco Polo's narrratives on the Ilkhanid Empire found by Hulagu Khan in the Eastern Islamic territories after the fall of the Abbasid state. This chapter, also, discusses important issues, such as the fall of Baghdad and the death of the Abbasid Caliph "Al - Musta'sim Billah". Chapter four discusses the most important descriptions of countries visited by Marco Polo, including wide parts of the Mongol Empire. The study has concluded the following results : 1 - This study affirmed the authenticity and truth of most narratives mentioned by the traveler Marco Polo about the Mongols, through the corresponding of these stories with approved historical Chinese and Persian sources that documented the news of these peoples, besides the corresponding of material in general, with those of other travelers such as William of Rubruck and Ibn Battuta among others, However we affirmed the exaggeration in the description of some of Marco's travels. 2 - Concerning debate by some researchers about the authenticity of Marco's visit to China and his residency there, the study confirmed the authenticity of Marco Polo's visit to China and his residency there for seventeen years. During this period, he enjoyed a special care of the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan. Through a detailed study of Marco Polo's narratives about China, we found out the precision of the description of the historical incidents. He was accurate in describing Mongols and their capital Khanbaliq which precisely corresponding to the stories of the Mongol historians and contemporary travelers who visited China during the era of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.3 - The study reveals that the importance of Marco's narratives about Mongols relies in the fact that they were not only corresponding to those in the Mongol and Islamic sources, but they represent in addition describing a new era of history in which those Mongols and their nomad tribes had the capability to turn from nomades into civilized societies, as they presented a unique system of administration, of which Marco Polo himself was one of this administration. They could mix the 'Yassa', The Mongol code of law created by Genghis Khan, and the laws of other peoples who submitted to them, unlike the common idea known about Mongols in most of other writings, which described the Mongols as murders savage and barbarian tribes.4 - The study, through Marco Polo's narratives, uncovered many various social traditions of peoples forming the Mongol empire, proving the ability of Mongols to deal with conquered peoples and comprehend wide discrepancies and contradictions among various religions, race and ethics with a unique skill and wisdom.5 - Concerning Mongol Shamanism, which was the religion embraced by Mongols, the present study shows first one which contradict Islamic source that materials with religious Shamanism in claim that the origion of that religion dictate in both the worship of one mighty God.
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الخطيب الخوارزمي الموفق بن احمد (ت 568هــ/1172م) موارده ومنهجه في كتابه المناقب == Al - Khateeb Al - Khawarizmi Al - Muwafaq Bin Ahmed ( Dead 568A.H - 1172A.D),His Sources And Method In His Book Al - Manaqib

Author name: احلام لواف صكبان الخفاجي
Supervisor name: طه جميل احمد النعيمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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الفكر الاقتصادي والمالي عند القاضي سعد الدين بن البراج (ت481هـ) == Thought When The Economic And Financial Judge Saad El Din Bin Al - Braj D.(481 Ah

Author name: علي حسين علي التميمي
Supervisor name: عطا سلمان جاسم
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: Islamic history is full of unique personalities contributed to the political and social life and religious have played in different circumstances omission talk about a lot of these characters that have had a role in the preservation of the Islamic heritage. The main factors that were behind this omission is not aware of factors known to a mind, but it could be argued that the most important factor dogmatic and sectarian differences, which prompted some to turn a blind eye to the news these flags. Despite what distinguishes a son of Braj from standing prestigious scientific witnessed by his rivals and Mkhalvoh but there omission of a clear and neglect deliberate this character from some sources that direct experience or that came after that, which prompted us to study this subject is to highlight the personal son Braj and thought Economic, financial and shed light on his life and social status, as experiencing academic studies and research shortcomings in the study of flags thought al - Jaafari, and perhaps the most important thing they can offer us study these flags is to shed light on some of the features of Islamic economic thought that such a model in dealing with the economic conditions of theories and opinions imposed by the reality of life in the daily. The study included four classes led by the introduction included the scope of the search and display to some sources, and pave interested in studying political life and property in the era in which he lived son of Braj, to be the beginning of a springboard to the first chapter, which we discussed ((biography of Ibn Braj personal and scientific)). We dealt with in the second quarter to ((taxes when son Braj)), In the third chapter we studied ((financial transactions when the son of Braj)), while we have dedicated Chapter IV ((sales and usury, agriculture and Almsacap and Ijara when son Braj)). This study has resulted in many of the results, namely : 1 - There is no accurate information about his birth date and place, but that it is closest to the right of the city of Tripoli and studied in Baghdad. 2 - Braj son took a job with an important function of the judiciary, as the judge described. 3 - won the prestigious scientific knowledge, especially in the field of jurisprudence and speech as a result of his studies at the hands of the most prominent scholars of his time. 4 - Ask Shaykh Ibn Braj a number of issues pertaining to the community through his writings, including the economic side, which represents the pulsating artery of human life handled trade and sales transactions, and distinguished between corrupt and illegal. 5 - was the son of Sheikh Braj careful care of the maintenance of human dignity, it has been observed in many of the provisions that was launched by psychological stresses on maintaining human dignity and was perceived by the many wonderful humanitarian gestures in this area. 6 - confirmed Braj son's commitment to the principles of Islamic ethics - Semitism through the elimination of fraud and manipulation commercial transactions derived his views from the novels of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them). 7 - The study of Islamic economic thought through the books of fiqh differ from other books because the approach taken by the scholars of accuracy and precision and perfection, which makes such studies a lot of precision
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سياسة الترغيب في العصر الاموي (41هـ - 132هـ) : دراسة تاريخية == Arousal Of An Interest Policy In The Umayyad Era (41 A.H - 132 A.H) A Historical Study

Author name: محمد عباس حسن الطائي
Supervisor name: جابر رزاق غازي الكريطي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah the Lord of worlds, prayer and peace be upon the most honorable prophet and messenger Mohammed and his pure progeny….The Umayyad ascendancy had not achieved the approval of all, or even most of, Muslims, they had took over power by muzzling everyone who refused them or rejected their project of governance, so the obsession of keeping power or authority was an effective element for them to work hard, using all means and methods to achieve their aim. Their policies were either arousal of an interest or terrifying. Arousal of an interest is the subject of this research , it has different aspects; political, economical, intellectual and social. The real reason of studying this subject is the pure desire to show the historical truth concerning the Umayyad history, exposing their false believing on Islam and their serious attempts to forgery truth and fabricate stories depending on illegal methods where their theory of governance did not consider the Islamic principles. The research includes a preface, three chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion. The preface gives the definitions of arousal of an interest in language and tradition, its significance in the holy Qur'an and prophetic Hadith.The first chapter deals with the arousal of the political desire within three topics : - the Umayyad attempts to win the support of the major personalities or figures by intrusting the serious post or position to them in addition to the authorities, the Umayyad efforts to win the support of the politicians by arguing them into their political project, so indulgence and mildness was their policy even with their enemy, and the Umayyad efforts to win the support of their foes by forgiving those who were opposing them.In the second chapter the researcher discusses the arousal of the economical interests within four topics to show how did the Umayyad had invest the money of Muslims in an illegal way to gain the support of the people to achieve their aim where this money had great effects resulted in the liquidation campaigns. It also shows the Umayyad offensive and harmful means to control the people potentialities according to studied policy, and their serious and hard attempts to enhance their protection by encouraging the few people, princes, leaders and officials, who supported them, by the exceptional gifts and endowments : - money, positions and agricultural and residential lands or plots to connect them with the Umayyad regime. In the fourth topic the Umayyad way of treating the out comers had been exhibited; they had welcomed them and were so generous so the out comers, with returning to their countries, would give a good image for the Umayyad.The third chapter is devoted to the intellectual and social aspect of the arousal of interest. It has four topics to study : - the Umayyad efforts in fabricating narrations that make people love them, the Umayyad efforts to efface their foes virtues, the Umayyad efforts to induce the jurists and the Umayyad efforts to induce the Arab tribes by connecting them with the relationships of marriage, respectively.The conclusion carries the most important results of the policy of the arousal of interests in the Umayyad era.
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موقف ائمة اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) من الغلو والفرق الغالية حتى وفاة الامام الصادق (عليه السلام) == The Attitude Of The Imames Of Al - Al - Bayt Against The Ghulw And The Ghulat Sects Until The Death Of As - Sadiqh (P.B.u.H)

Author name: محمد جواد نور الدين عبد الزهرة فخر الدين
Supervisor name: عبد الجبار ناجي الياسري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The fifth chapter treats the thinking and the cililizational prospects in India and the extent through which other civilizations could have got benefit from the discreet legacy of India.
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الرواية التاريخية في كتاب العقوبات لابن ابي الدنيا (ت281هـ/894م) == The Historical Narrationsin Alukuba'At Book By : Ibn Abi Al - Dunya(281 - 894 H)

Author name: فلاح حسن عباس
Supervisor name: عبد الستار نصيف جاسم العامري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: All praise is to Allah, the Lord of the worlds and His blessings and peace upon his prophet Muhammad and his Descendants (Ahl al - Bayt). The study of "Alukuba'at Book" ( Divine Miracle Punishments) written by Ibn Abi al - Dunya is one of the significant matters in religious Islamic History. Ibn Abi al - Dunya's full name is Abdullah bin Muhammad Bin Ubaid Bin Sufyan Bin Qais, Alqurashi,.He was born in 208 H/823 A.D in Baghdad and died there(Jumada Al - Ula) in 281H/894 A.D. He is considered one of the best learned and highly respected religion teachers, (deeply spiritual man) historians and narrators in the Third Hijri Century. His contributions are wide - spread in various fields of knowledge. His wide mentality and vast thinking are distinguished. This is very vivid in his productions(books) which some of them printed and others not yet. Although he was a freedman of the Umayyads, he became the tutor of several ?Abb?sid princes and in particular of those who were later to become caliphs as al - Mu?ta?id and al - Mu?taf? because of his intelligence and fame. Ibn Abi al - Dunya's father was a man of wisdom and Hadith narrator. He taught his son (Ibn Abi al - Dunya) and supported his progress from an earlier time. Ibn Abi al - Dunya contributed in The reformation movement of the community through his writings and classifications. He wrote many books in education and piety and continued teaching generations until his death at the age of seventy on Tuesday 14th of Jumadi 281 H/894A.D. Ibn Abi Al - Dunya was a man of moderation and neutralism between the sects in his religion(Muslims). So, he combined and comprised all sects. For examples, he wrote about Ahl al - Bayt (Prophet Muhammad's representatives) , and composed many books like; "Al - Awlia" (Faithful) and their virtues, "The Virtues of Imam Ali", "The death of Imam Ali", "The Marriage of Lady Fatima", "The Death of Imam Hussein", "Ashuraa", " The Telling of Lewis Al - Qurrani" and " The Death of Ibin Ju'bair" and others. This neutralism and fairness what has made me to select this personality because we (at this present time) are in an urgent need to such a person not to encourage extremism and terrorism. In my research paper, I have focused on Ibin Abi Al - Dunya of being historian rather than social counselor or religious educator. I have chosen his book "Alukuba'at Book" ( Divine Miracles and Punishments) a field of may study for what it contains so much history narrations (Stories) of nations (The People and their Prophets) of what happened to them. These nations disobeyed their Creator (Allah) and forged His Sharia (Divine Laws). I have organized this paper into four chapters with an index and the resources. The first section of the first chapter focuses on the background of Ibn Abi Al - Dunya, his name, birth, full name, surname, early growth (education), religious sect and his death. The second section handles his life, masters(teachers), students, fame, journeys and his books. The second chapter is of three sections which, of course, deals with the method and sources of the book" Alukuba'at". The first section I describe the book ,its reasons of writing, its importance, prints(copies) and its divisions. The second section is to clarify the resources Ibn Abi al - Dunya recited from which include Quran, Holy Hadith (The Prophet's speech) and other telling. The third section is about the fundamentality and method of his book (Alukuba'at), so I identified the basis of selecting his historical matters, his recitations of verses of Quran, the recitation of holy Hadiths and his personal mentality weaving these basis together. The third chapter I have dealt with the history of Hadiths (The time Hadith was narrated) in this book because it is not chronically arranged. I have rearranged them newly depends on other narrations which this chapter called 'History Stories of Prophets'. In this chapter I focused on the stories of the Prophets Adam, Abraham and Lot (PB). This chapter includes two sections. The first one is about the Story of Adam, its reasons and the heavenly punishments and the historical narrations about it. Also the story of the prophet Noah and what included of historical narrations. The second section comprises the stories of the prophets Methuselah, Heber, Abraham and Lot and their narrations. The fourth chapter is titled as 'The Historical Stories of the prophet Jacob' and also Elephant Companions and what has been revealed of Israelites. This chapter is of two sections. The first one deals with the stories of the prophets Jacob, Joseph and Jonah. The second one is about the story of the prophet Job, its history narrations and the Israelites in it.Finally, I have studied and reviewed these stories and historical narrations compared to other resources trying hard to achieve and select the most remarkable and acceptable one. In conclusion, I have deeply dealt with the best and convincing results of what I am aiming at depending on available information.
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الهبات والهدايا فـي الاندلس من الفتح حتى نهاية عصر الطوائف (92 - 484هـ/711 - 1091م)

Author name: زينب حسن نجم
Supervisor name: محمد عبد الله المعموري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
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وصايا الرسول (عليه الصلاة والسلام) : دراسة في الجوانب الاجتماعيــة والاقتصاديـــة

Author name: محمد هاشم حسين ناصر الحمداني
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
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النشاط الاقتصادي في بلاد الجريد من القرن الرابع حتى نهاية القرن الثامن الهجري (301 - 799هـ / 913 - 1396م) == Economic Activity In Biledulgerid From The Fourth Century Until The End of The Eighth Century AH

Author name: سلام جبار منشد الاعاجيبي
Supervisor name: سادسة حلاوي حمود
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: Provided constitute historical studies on economic activity - especially if the list to understand this activity - of paramount importance at the present time, it represents a vital aspect in specialized in the economic field of Islamic history studies. Biledulgerid and is one of the areas of economic importance in African Islamic since the Islamic conquest to the present, from the fact that the location and economic resources which were a major factor in guiding the country's history and incidents occurring in addition the country has gained economic importance of two key elements can consider the origin of life and continue permanence the two water and palm trees, If God made from water every living thing, that life with a distinct nature in relation to the desert area dry and isolated, as it is surrounded by manure salt to the west and the sand dunes to the south, and the eyes Biledulgerid many behind palm planting oases and the emergence of it, and this can count palm key witness to the history of this country and the human existence where, as protected it during different times of famine abounded that he signed the biggest in other areas not far from Biledulgerid. The geographical location of Biledulgerid link between the cities of Africa's Sahel and Sahara on the one hand, and between Egypt and Cyrenaica in the east and the country Amorbin and Far East on the other hand, make it important for a lot of countries that have emerged in North Africa, especially in the economic sphere, the famous Biledulgerid date production and olives, grapes and other fruit, as well as human activity to the population of different affiliations and economic skills. One of the direct reasons that prompted the researcher to choose this study Kmoduah for his doctoral thesis and studied in the time period referred to in the title, that Biledulgerid witnessed many political events varied objectives of the revolution, rebellion, insurrection, had signed affecting the economic activity in the country, and in spite of the marked This country's economic strength that has made them an important economic center in the Islamic Maghreb. This study was to shed light on the economic activity in the Biledulgerid explaining its significance and its relationship to the geographical location that effect clearly on the path of political events in the country, it became the focus of attention of the emerging countries in the Islamic Maghreb, which wanted desperately to control them to take advantage of important economic resources. The whale Agriculture bulk of economic activity in that country, particularly products of dates, olives and other fruit, and perhaps ironic that such possibilities and important area has not received to soon share in the research and study son researchers, and perhaps the illness back our opinion, the geographers and travelers Muslims they prefer housing and visit the urban main Kalawasam major cities, and then visit these areas to collect information about them, but their writings primarily been about great metropolises, so researcher found a big bother to collect the available information and to fly in the stomachs of the sources, who spoke about this country, and because the information contained therein for the area The study was brief, to the difficulty of tracking information mentioned by travelers and geographers, because they include a very large and places far apart, and inhabited them away from each other varying distances, especially that in the Sahara and the impact of the inception of the oases. We did not find on this subject in modern academic studies only some plucking of the information contained in previous studies related to the Islamic Maghreb in general, such as Dr. thesis healing Mohamed Hassan tagged (commercial activity in the Islamic Maghreb, from the fourth century to the ninth century), and the message Mrs. Ban Ali Mohammed al - Bayati, (commercial activity in Morocco Far from the third century to the fifth century AH), and the message Mr. Haris Ali Abdullah (economic activity in Morocco East from the third century to the middle of the fifth century AH). Contents of the thesis : This consists of the thesis from the front of the boot and four chapters, followed by the conclusion of the three supplements, try researcher from which the four seasons are secured interrelated, containing the main axes of the subject in line with the thesis title, as well as a list of sources and references to the adopted this study.Initially boot to study the political situation in Biledulgerid between years was (301 AH - 799 AH), followed by the first chapter, entitled (Biledulgerid geographical elements of the population), and included four topics dealt with Section I (the label and geographic location) The second section was devoted to clarify (natural terrain) In the third section focused on the (cities Biledulgerid) and addressed the fourth section (elements of the population). The second chapter Me (b agricultural activity in Biledulgerid), Department this to five topics included the first section (agriculture and the factors affecting them), while the inclusion of the second section (farming methods and methods) The third section we dealt with it (the irrigation system and methods) and studied fourth topic (types of agricultural crops), and finally included Section V (grazing, animal husbandry and fishing).The third chapter focused on the (industrial activity in Biledulgerid), and the thrust of this chapter four topics dealt with Section I (industry factors affecting it) and touched second topic on (food industry), while the third section handled (textile industries and wood), and focused fourth topic on (other industries).In the fourth chapter studied (markets and financial systems), and included this chapter four topics was the first title (and the kinds of markets), while the display second section, (units financial credit), and the third on (currencies, weights and measures and metrics). The fourth topic Fajss to study the (government oversight on the market). He studied in Chapter V (commercial activity in Biledulgerid), as it has been divided into four topics included the first section (trade factors affecting them), and touched second section to (internal trade) and focused the third section on the (foreign trade), while the fourth section Fajss to study (varieties traders and transport workers). It emerged from this study that the country witnessed a flourishing economic activity in various aspects and gave the geographical location of Biledulgerid in South Africa is particularly important to her, as to make it a land route link between the African on the one hand, and the countries of western Sudan, on the other hand, while the Gulf of Gabes first Coastal cities starting point freely around Europe, Andalusia and the Levant.The most prominent manifestations of economic activity in the Biledulgerid, is that the increase in population numbers during the period of the study, especially after the semicircular migration to Africa, was Biledulgerid of the important attractions of these tribes, thanks to the economic prosperity and had dhimmis a big role in the prosperity of the economic activity of through the provision of manpower skills and experience, especially in the field of leather industry and jewelery. Characterized Biledulgerid the diversity of its cities and its geographical location and the diversity of water sources and multiplicity which make them play a big role in the economic activity of the country, also contributed to political stability and economic prosperity, which reflected positively on economic activity, but that the governors Biledulgerid bear a great responsibility in the destruction of their cities Because of the large number of harboring rebels such as sedition Abu Zeid and the outside Bani Ghanaian and sedition adoptee, which exposed the country's military campaigns led several countries that came to African rule for the purpose of subjection, which cast a shadow over economic activity. The diversity of agricultural crops function evidence on the evolution of economic activity in the Biledulgerid, as it was produced and Vera between palm trees and olive and pistachio, which he covered many parts of the country of Morocco and neighboring countries, as well as the types of flowers. It is evidence of the function on the abundance of agricultural production in Biledulgerid, the high number of collection during the reign of countries that came to its verdict, which reached more often to more than two hundred thousand dinars. Agricultural prosperity was accompanied prosperity of Animal Production, which made princes who took turns to govern this country, seeking to appropriate pastoral attention centers for animal husbandry. Had a variety of different industries between textile and leather construction, a big impact in giving Biledulgerid a prominent place among the other countries and had a flourishing agriculture and industry, a positive reflection on the internal and external trade, which flourished and clarified Mwalimhma through internal and external trade routes diversity as illustrated in the large diversity of commercial prosperity landmarks mutual Binmdn Biledulgerid and other countries goods, Azahtlt products with multi - species, such as textiles and dates as well as the first Alvestqalemratb in business activity, as well as on other products, and they are given a wide range of Aldaa to Biledulgerid and consistent with the need for the main and most important imports Sudan - west, such as gold Lawson elephant, as well as on it benefited them products from European countries such as mercury, dyes and other products from the Islamic Orient, as well as the diversity of groups working in the trade, Some brokers and agents and those who followed different systems at work, such as parity in profit or company in trade and other operations and the diversity of coins in circulation in Biledulgerid, as some of them hits the central authority (Fatimid and Zaria and Almohad and Hafsia), others beaten by the rebels to power the likes of Abe over the outside and the children of a mosque in the city of Gabes during the Arab control semicircular, or currency adoptee in the era State Hafsid, and Ahira prices affected the political circumstances in which the country passed, making it the great disparity between the licenses at times, and at other times of price rises.
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الصناعات والحرف في مصر في القرون الثلاثة الاولى من الهجرة == Industries And Crafts In Egypt In The First Three Centuries of Migration

Author name: زينب علي فهد
Supervisor name: وئام عدنان عباس النعيمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This Thesis is tagged : ((Industries and Crafts in Egypt in the first three centuries of migration)), is one of the targeted studies for the purpose of disclosure of trades and industries in Egypt in the first three centuries of migration are of great importance. The importance of the study of because the subject being dealt with an important aspect of that era and give us an adequate idea of one of the foundations that formed an important element in Egyptian society at the time, and we mean the craftsmen who performed important roles throughout our society.We've divided the study into five chapters preceded a preface. The study included the conquest of Egypt and the importance of it, with a statement of the factors that helped to liberate Egypt, which focused on economic and important factor in the country, and how the gradual evolution, being a ladder access to the study of professions and trades and evolution.We studied in the first chapter textile makers and its importance in the economic life and its evolution over time, and the three sections : Section I : the textile industry, and the second topic : Door Al - Tiraz (Houses of Style), and the third section : craft dyers. The second chapter : pottery and glass industries, and the two issues, that contained pottery and porcelain industry in the first section, and in the second section we approached the glass industry, and came third chapter of the contents of the metallurgical industry and the many aspects of was six Investigation respectively : extracting minerals and gemstones, and copper industry, gold industry, and gemstones industry, and iron and steel industry and the sixth topic minting industry.In Chapter IV : We studied the industries that rely on trees and plants and the two sections so as to relevance and importance of the relevant professions. In the first part, wood industries, and the second topic paper industry, and came fifth chapter titled : Industries and other characters, and included two sections, the first section of several vertebrae as an industry bread, oil, sugar and industry honey and wine, soap, fishing and breeding broilers and manufacturing leather tanning and a few, such professions numerous been expanded studied daily for their importance in the lives of the public and the homes of the community and generate it from earning for their workers, while the second topic : was for organizing the character and appearance of the unions that protect the owners of those professions, the study concluded the findings of that study.
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الفساد المالي والاداري في دولة المماليك الشراكسة 784 - 923هـ == Financial And Administrative Corruption In The Mamluk State And Circassians

Author name: اركان حميد زياد العجمي
Supervisor name: فاضل جابر ضاحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: Diversified and elaborated social studies and which dealt with historical events in the Mamluk era, but it really did not cover all of these events, especially those that relate to the social and economic aspects.The phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption of the most important topics of a social nature, economic, because they give us a clear picture of what had befallen the Muslim community and the administrative system of the time Mamluk sultans of disintegration and dissolution of the result of the persistence of this phenomenon, especially after it became certain images represent a critical resource for the basic state.In spite of the seriousness and importance that is occupied by the subject, but he did not get the attention of researchers and studiers , but did not exceed the easy bits are often only a few simple signals received implicit in the folds wrote some modern historians , References made in the book of Egyptian society, the time of the Mamluk sultans of Saeed Abdel Fattah Ashour were not only lines easy does not fit the size of the corruption that is endemic in that period, and others addressed the aspect or image of Tyr financial and administrative corruption did not touch to images and other forms such as study prepared by Dr. Ahmad Abdul Razzaq in his book giving and Bartalh which according to the preparation of this study, but it was limited only to the phenomenon of bribery did not mention the other manifestations of corruption.Therefore, it has become clear that this phenomenon still need to research and study, especially as it increased in Mlhod time Mamluks Circassians. The only study that opened our horizons and doors and room for us to discuss is Makedmh researcher Dr. Fadel Jaber Dahi in his study on the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption in the Mamluk era.To order it came our title (financial and administrative corruption in the Mamluk state Circassians) in order to highlight all the rolls and pig him a lot in research in such topics and show pictures and the most important forms of this phenomenon and the most prominent results and their implications.Although the penetration of those appearances in most of the administrative institutions of the state, but we did not lose sight of the role of reformer in that era, who has done some of the sultans and princes and scholars, in addition to the reform attempts by the State.Required by the nature of the study that divides the search to five chapters preceded by booting out broad Mamluks and the early stages of the establishment of the founding of this state and their political, social and economic.Department of the first chapter of the research into three sections, singled out the first of them a statement glitter corruption in the language and reform, and to the historical roots of this phenomenon, the statement and a simple illustration of corruption through the Koran and the Sunnah, while touched second section to the most important reasons for the prevalence of this phenomenon , while the third section has between shapes and images taken by the financial and administrative corruption.The statement and explanation of the most prominent of those appearances have clarified the second quarter, which singled out Bmdahir financial and administrative corruption in the functions of Diwaniya, the military, as it dealt with First research from the army and the functions of the bureaucracy again, while singled out the second section of the chapter appearances by Zrepett military jobs, which included the functions of prosecutor and Alhjobeh, state and Alastadaria and also other miscellaneous functions.The third chapter of this research has made clear manifestations of financial and administrative corruption, which involved a religious functions, Valambges first broad prominent appearances in the Foundation The judiciary and the second section was a function of share calculation and the third focused on other religious functions. With respect to the fourth quarter was split into two sections key you mean the first of them in attempts reform carried out by some of the sultans and princes and scholars, judges, and attempts to reform carried out by some of the public, while The second section of this chapter to highlight the results and effects resulting from the the prevalence of this phenomenon. The conclusion they are a product of what we achieved in this study received the most prominent institution of administrative ill due to the spread of the phenomenon. Including the fact that corruption is not a new situation occurred in the Mamluk state Circassians but are inherited social and administrative, which inherited the Mamluk state marine first wa Sttana that characterize several reasons that led to the spread of this phenomenon, which causes social and political military, and also noticed that the corruption of the financial and administrative in this state has taken several forms and images including : bribery, nepotism and clientelism, monopoly, currency counterfeiting, forfeitures, escrow, Almhadah, combining jobs.Although the penetration of this phenomenon in most of the institutions of the state, but that did not prevent the existence of attempts to reform got up by some of the sultans and princes, judges and the general public, but characterized some of the attempts of reform carried out by some of the sultans and princes of not being serious in addressing the situation of administrative and social development. We were also able to diagnose through study effects and consequences of the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption, and also led to a loss of confidence between the ruler and the ruled and became people look to their leaders that they are bandits or collectors Dharib and then increased the sense of the public towards the Mamluks they Mamluks strangers usurpers of power.Through historical texts have noticed that this phenomenon did not exclude any institution of the political and administrative system in this country, but even included a religious institution.
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مدينة الاسكندرية في العصر الفاطمي 358 - 567هـ : دراسة سياسية حضارية == The City of Alexandria In The Fatimid Era 358 - 567 A - H Civilized Study Political

Author name: احمد عبد الله حميد
Supervisor name: هيفاء عاصم محمد الطيار
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The city of ALxendrai in the Fatimi era : (358 AH - 567 AH / 968 AD - 1171AD) a civilized and political studythis subject acquires ahistorcal importance so that the city of ALxendria was out fotouh process of Islamic of Egyption lands and ALxendrai become one of the associated AL - Andalus and morocco. Has come to the mind of the reader many questions about the history of this city through the title of the message we are trying to answer a number of these questions, we could effortlessly and these questions : Was the city of Alexandria political impact in the Fatimid, and whether Alexandria's contributions to the State General systems during the era of the Fatimid Caliphate, and whether her contributions and wide in the Egyptian economy during the era of the Fatimid Caliphate, and whether the location or status of the city in general, the role of the opposition movements against the rule of the Fatimid state and whether its role in the architectural and cultural and scientific movement cultural and during the era of the Fatimid Caliphate. The first chapter was titled (Alexandria geographic Islamic Alfathan and Fatimid) included three Investigation eat the first part, the city of Alexandria geographic and name, location and boundaries and the topography of the city and its climate and resources of water and traced in the second section to build the city of Alexandria and months, its historical and architectural before Islam and devoted the third section to the study of Islamic Alfathan and Fatimid Egypt and its impact on the city of Alexandria. and held the second chapter II (political, administrative and judicial systems and functions associated in Fatimid Egypt) has included three Investigation we highlighted in the first section on political systems and functions associated in Fatimid Egypt and eat the second topic of administrative systems and functions of Diwaniyah in Fatimid Egypt showed in the third section of judicial systems and religious functions in Fatimid Egypt. Chapter III came under the title (the contributions of the city of Alexandria, the economic and financial aspects of Egypt in the era of the Fatimid Caliphate and influenced by opposition movements), where the inclusion of this chapter three Investigation dealt with in the first part, contributions to the city of Alexandria in the Egyptian economy the second section per port city of Alexandria in the financial resources of the state and studied in the third section affected by the city of Alexandria opposition movements. and came fourth chapter (urban and cultural manifestations in the city of Alexandria during the era of the Fatimid Caliphate) and divided the chapter into three Investigation handled the first part, the most prominent remaining ancient city even the Fatimid era and dealt with in the second part, religious and social urbanization of the city of Alexandria during the era of the Fatimid Caliphate and the third section devoted to the study of religious schools that were built in the city of Alexandria and scientific trips to the most prominent scholars during the era of the Fatimid caliphate. The study reached a number of conclusions namele : the city had aprominet role in the Islamic conquest operations of Egypt ,it had role in the construction of the financial resources which it provided it to the state treasury in the reign of fatimi caliphat ,the city was one of the opposition movements centers against the fatimi state.
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الصحابي الجليل رفاعة بن رافع بن مالك واثره في خدمة الاسلام

Author name: يعقوب احمد جاسم المياحي
Supervisor name: عدنان خلف كاظم التميمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
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اخبار الامام علي (عليه السلام) في المصنفات التاريخية المغربية والاندلسية الى نهاية القرن التاسع الهجري == The News of Imam Ali (Peace Be Upon Him) In The Historical Moroccan And Andalusian Works To The End of The Ninth Hijri Century

Author name: هيلين عبد الكريم محمد المرياني
Supervisor name: بثينه جبار زاجي الغزي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Personality of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) was still and attracts the attention of the Islamic nation and even the world, and this was one of the reasons that was invited me to select the subject of ( (The news of Imam Ali (peace be upon hi
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المنهج التاريخي عند ابن الدبيثي مقارنة مع ابن النجار : دراسة تحليلية (558 - 637 ه / 1162 - 1239 م) == The Historical Methodology of Ibn Al - Najjar : Analytical Study (558 - 637 H / 1162 - 1239 A.D)

Author name: هند ستار هادي التميمي
Supervisor name: مرتضى حسن النقيب
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: استعرضنا في الفصول السابقة من الرسالة المنهج التاريخي عند ابن الدبيثي مقارنة مع ابن النجار، من تحليل لسيرته وايام حياته في عهود الخلفاء العباسيين المتاخرة، ومنهجيته في التراجم، ودلالاتها المنهجية التاريخية، مقارنة وقد تبين لنا من هذا التحليل للشواهد | This thesis entitled the historical methodology of Ibn al - Dubaythi ? a comparison with Ibn al - Najja ?r. Through the analysis of his Muktasr and history of his life in the late Abbasid eras coupled with his methodology and historical references, in add
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الصلات الحضارية بين الفكر المسيحي والفكر الاسلامي في الاسكندرية من القرن الثالث حتى القرن التاسع الميلادي == The Civilized Relations Between Christian Thought And Islamic Thought In Alexandria From Third To Ninth Century A.D.

Author name: هدى علي حيدر كاكە یی
Supervisor name: داود سلمان خلف الزبيدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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Abstract: My dissertation is under the title " The Civilized Relations between Christian Thought and Islamic Thought in Alexandria from Third to Ninth Century A.D.". It deals with the scientific and civilized aspects and their intellectual reflections in both Chris
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السياسة المالية للخليفة عمر بن عبد العزيز (99 - 101 ه / 717 - 719 م) واثارها الاقتصادية والاجتماعية : دراسة تحليلية نقدية

Author name: هبة صفاء حسن العاصي
Supervisor name: طلب صبار محل الجنابي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
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العلويون واثرهم السياسي والاجتماعي والفكري في مصر حتى نهاية العصر الفاطمي == The Alawis And Their Political, Social And Intellectual Effect on Egypt Until The End of Thefatimid Era

Author name: نضال غالي يوسف الشافعي
Supervisor name: رياض حميد مجيد الجواري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Egypt is of the nations that have a great history as it is the cradle of one of the sophisticated civilizations, Wadi Al - Neel civilization, which has many great achievements in the various fields. The importance of the Alawis is that they came with the
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ال نوبخت ودورهم الحضاري في العصر العباسي

Author name: نسرين صالح عباس
Supervisor name: كريم عاتي لعيبي الخزاعي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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ال ابي طالب خلال الحكم العباسي : دراسة تحليلية للعلاقات الطالبية - العباسية في العصر العباسي الاول، للسنوات (132 - 193 هـ / 750 - 809 م)

Author name: نذير صبار عبد الله
Supervisor name: مرتضى حسن النقيب
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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الامبراطورية البيزنطية في عهد اسرة جنستيان (518 - 610 م) في المصادر والمراجع العربية الاسلامية والبيزنطية == The Byzantine Empire During The Reign of Justinian Family (518 - 610 M) In Sources And References Arab Islamic And Byzantin

Author name: نادية محمود فرحان الكحلي
Supervisor name: احمد حسين احمد الجميلي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
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Abstract: The empire of by Byzuntym in the time of the family of Jastinin (518 - 610) in the Arabic Islamic sources is regarded as important topic that deals with European history in the middle ages The information are important from religious and intellectual side
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دور متصوفة غرناطة في الحياة السياسية والدينية (635 - 897 هـ / 1237 - 1492 م) == The Role of Granad Sofisits In The Political And Religious Life 635 - 897 A.H. / 1237 - 1492 A.D.

Author name: مهى عداي سلمان
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم خيطان حسن الياسري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: امتاز متصوفة غرناطة عن سلفهم بتعدد اسهاماتهم في الحضارة الاندلسية حتى تركوا بصمة واضحة في تاريخ المملكة فازداد نفوذهم، فغدا الفرد منهم نموذج في المجتمع في تلك الحقبة.1 - اظهار دور المتصوفة الجهادي من خلال قيادة المعارك ضد الاسبان، وشحذ الهمم والتقدم في | Granada contemplatives characterized on their successors with their various Andalusia civilization till left a clear sign in the history of Kingdom, then their power increased and the individual becomes a sample in the society at that period. 1 - Appeari
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الجوانب الاجتماعية والاقتصادية من خلال كتاب المدخل لابي عبد الله محمد بن الحاج (ت 737 هــ) == The Portions of Economic And Social Through Kitaab Al - Madkhal Li Abu Abdul Mohammed Ibn Al - Haaj (D737H)

Author name: محمد علي حسين العبادي
Supervisor name: نضال حميد سعيد الربيعي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Because of The political conditions which Islamic world passed in it through seventh and eighth century of hegira, thirteenth and fourteenth of Christ, the Islamic nation was receive jabs, and happened with al tatar march from east, with crosses march fro
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بنو سبيع واثرهم في الحياة العامة حتى نهاية القرن الرابع الهجري (العاشر الميلادي) == Bani Sabaie And Their Impact on Public Life Until The End of The Fourth Century A.H. (The Tenth Century A.D.)

Author name: محمد عباس جاسم
Supervisor name: عبد الباسط عبد الرزاق حسين
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: A lot of historical studies trace the path of the Arab tribes in their first homes and the extent of prevalence in regions of Muslim countries as they start to follow their sons as fighter sin the army of the Arab Muslim in order to disseminate the princi
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الاثر العسكري والثقافي للمغاربة والاندلسيين في مصر وبلاد الشام في الحروب الصليبية == Military And Cultural Impact of The Moroccan And Andalusian In Egypt And The Levant In The Crusades

Author name: كميلة طالب حاتم المالكي
Supervisor name: رضا هادي عباس
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The study of the events of the Crusades, that took place on the land of Egypt, and the Levant in the last quarter of the fifth century AH / eleventh century AD., was considered subjects which preoccupied the minds of many esearchers due to what shaped tho
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علماء بردان ومروياتهم التاريخية == The Scientists of Bardan And Their Historical Narratives

Author name: قصي قاسم حسين
Supervisor name: تحسين حميد مجيد
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
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الصحابي الجليل مالك بن نويرة (رض) : دراسة تاريخية == The Sublime Companion Malik Ben Newairah (May Allah Be Pleased With Him) : An Historical Study

Author name: فلاح شنيشل عبد الواحد
Supervisor name: صباح شاكر فليح الغراوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, Peace and Blessing be upon the master of the Messengers and the very beloved of Allah, our intercessor in the Judgment Day, Mohammed Peace and Blessing be up on him, His pure Household and auspicious companions. Th
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صراع السلطة في البيت الايوبي بعد صلاح الدين واثره في الحروب الصليبية == The Conflict of Authority In The Ayoubian House After Salah Adien And Its Effect on The Crossian Wars

Author name: غالب محمود سعيد سمين
Supervisor name: عاصم اسماعيل كنعان العباسي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Thanks for the GOD " The lord of the worlds " and peace and pray upon our master, the end of prophets " Mohammed " and all his companions, relatives and ever one follow him to the day of judgment.The history of Ayoubian state has a deep connection and a
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الحياة العلمية عند الامامية في جبل عامل بين القرنين السابع والتاسع الهجريين == The Imamiyya Scientific Life In Jabel - Amil Between The Seventh And Ninth Centuries of Hegir

Author name: ﻋﻠﻲ زهير هاشم الصراف
Supervisor name: حسن عيسى الحكيم
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The scientific and intellectual movement had been activated again for the Imamate in the sixth and seventh centuries of Hegira after the collapse of the Abbasside caliphate in Baghdad and the political vacancy after the entry of the Moghul to the Islamic
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سويد بن مقرن المزني واثره في خدمة الاسلام == Siweed Bin - Muqrin Al - Mizni And His Effects In Islam Service

Author name: علاء حامد احمد محمود
Supervisor name: عدنان خلف كاظم التميمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: In the course of time, Islamic History know prominent figures that no others can be like them. Those people had great achievements which contributed in building Islamic Arabic civilization it is an important matter to write about such prominent figures.
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الكنديون وجهودهم العلمية والادارية حتى نهاية القرن الثالث الهجري : دراسة تاريخية == Al - Kindayoon And Their Scientific And Manahement Efforts Till The End of The Third Year Fohijrah : History Study

Author name: عروبة عبد الامير نجم ارميله الكرخي
Supervisor name: احمد مطر خضير العبيدي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Undoubtedly, the word kindah has come from the children of one patriarch called Kindah to whom they belonged. The Etymology : The word of this tribe has come from the name of the upper forefather whose name was (Thor ben Affir ben Al - Harith). He was c
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دولة الموحدين (610 - 668 هــ / 1213 - 1269 م) : دراسة تاريخية تحليلية == Al - Mohadeen State A Historic Analytic Study 610 - 668 A.H / 1212 - 1269 A.D.

Author name: عذراء نوري طوسي الجبوري
Supervisor name: رياض حميد مجيد الجواري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Al - Mohadoon had established a distinguished state with serious effects on the Islamic history, in general, and on the Andalusia Maghrib history, in particular. When it appeared, Maghrib was divided into a number of states and Andalusia was so weak due t
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الجزيرة العربية (اليمامة - البحرين - عمان) في العصور الاسلامية : دراسة في احوالها الاقتصادية والسياسية والادارية == Arab Desert (Al - Yamama - Al - Bahrain - Oman) : A Study of Its Administrative Political And Economical States

Author name: عدنان ظاهر علو
Supervisor name: تحسين حميد مجيد
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis deals with the provinces of AlYamama, Uman and Bahain as they represent distinctive areas by themselves and have their geographical, popular and economy specialty and non of them was directed by the central government. The latter ignored thes
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ادارة الجزيرة العربية في عصر الرسالة == The Administration of The Arabian Peninsula In The Prophet’s Mission Era

Author name: ضرغام احمد خضير حسن الدوري
Supervisor name: هاشم صائب محمد الجنديل
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: The biography of the prophet Muhammad (Allah’s blessing and peace be upon him) have got wide attention by religious jurists, Hadith specialists, historians and writers. This attention accommodates the greatness of the prophet’s personality and status. It
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بنو العباس ودورهم في الحياة العامة منذ عصر الرسالة حتى نهاية العصر الاموي

Author name: مهدي صالح لفتة سلمان الخفاجي
Supervisor name: صبيح نوري خلف الحلفي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
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الجوانب التاريخية في كتابي (عين الادب والسياسة) و(فكاهات الاسمار) لابن هذيل (ت بعد 763 هــ) == Historical Sides of Ibn - Hothael's Literary Works (D After 763 H) In The Two Books of Aeen Al - Adaab And Faokahat Al - Asmar As Specimens

Author name: صابرين مهدي حسن العبيدي
Supervisor name: عاصم اسماعيل كنعان العباسي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The political situations that passed on the Islamic world in the eighth century AH / the fourteenth century AD, especially on Andalusia were the weakest Islamic ages because of the Spanish attracts that aimed to dominate the county and finish Muslims. Al
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الحياة العلمية في اقليم فارس (454 - 656 هــ / 1062 - 1258 م)

Author name: صابرين بهاء عبد الرضا
Supervisor name: رفاه تقي الدين عارف
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Persia is consident one of most important province Islamic Nation province which is lied within the fourth province. Persia province is in the middle of kakman and Al Ahwaz and Asfahan and Maghaza between Persia and some of asfahan morders. Persia was
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العامة والسلطة في العراق عهدي الاستقلال والاحتلال (512 - 736 هــ / 1118 - 1335 م) == Common People And The Authority In Iraq During The Reign of Independence And Occupation (512 - 763 Ah / 1118 - 1335 Ac)

Author name: شيماء فاضل عليوي
Supervisor name: عباس عبد الستار عبد القادر الزهاوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: It is shown through our study the evidence of the Common people and the state, that the common people meant the greatest part of the Iraqi society was famous for its poverty and ignorance, that forced it to be as a follower and loyal to the authority and
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العلاقات بين مملكة الحيرة وقبائل نجد وشرق الجزيرة العربية قبل الاسلام == The Relations Among Al - Hira Kingdom And The Tribes of Najid And The Eastern Part of Arabian Peninsula Before Islam

Author name: شيماء عبد الباقي محمود احمد السامرائي
Supervisor name: عدي سالم عبد الله حمد الجبوري
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis deals with the relations among the tribes of najid and eastern part of Arabian peninsula before Islam.A lot of kingdoms and states appeared in Arabian peninsula and state appeared having a great political position at that time. Those kingdo
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النزاعات الداخلية في الاندلس في عصر دويلات الطوائف 422 - 483 هــ / 1031 - 1090 م == Internal Conflicts In Andalusia In The Age of Denominations States (422 - 483 Ah / 1031 - 1090 AD)

Author name: شاكر ياسين مخلف الدليمي
Supervisor name: كريم عجيل حسين الجباوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: شغل عصر دويلات الطوائف من تاريخ المسلمين في الاندلس ستة عقود وسنتان. بدراسميا سنة 422ه/1031م، وهي السنة التي اعلن فيها الغاء الخلافة الاموية بالاندلس وكانت بداية نهايته سنة 483ه/ 1090م،وهي السنة التي بدا فيها يوسف بن تاشفين امير دولة المرابطين بعزل امراء | Filled era states sects of the history of Muslims in Andalusia six decades and two years. Officially began the year 422 AH / 1031 AD, the year that announced the cancellation of the Umayyad caliphate in Andalusia and was the beginning of the end of the y
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سيرة الامام علي عليه السلام في كتاب المستدرك على الصحيحين للحاكم النيسابوري (ت 405 هــ) == Biography of Imam Ali (Peace Be Upon Him) In The Book Mustadrak To Saheehan Llhakem Alnisaburi (V 405 E)

Author name: سارة نجاح جبر الوائلي
Supervisor name: ناهضة مطير حسن
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: Thank God for the blessing and his thanks for what has inspired, praise including feet, then prayer and peace upon the best companions created ALHadi Sadiq Secretary Secretary Prophet Muhammad and his family divine good Gp blessed and after..Despite the
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التدوين التاريخي في مدينة واسط من 132 هــ / 814 هـ == Codification In The Historic City of Wasit 132 Ah - 814 Ah

Author name: سهاد علي جبر الغريباوي
Supervisor name: فاضل جابر ضاحي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: Blogging represents the study of the historica importance of private, especially in a city like the city of Wasit, which formed one of the important cities in the State of succession Iraq, Also, blogging is an important tributary of the historic tributary
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الخدمات العامة في بلاد الاندلس من عصر الامارة الى عصر المرابطين == Public Services In Andalusia From The Era of The Emirate To The Almoravid Era

Author name: سمارة عبد الرسول صالح النقيب
Supervisor name: نعمة شهاب جمعة اليوسف
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Representing the public service aspect of the production of civilization, which was the stages of development witnessed by the communities and cities in civility and sophistication at all levels Vhomen topics of the totalitarianism that is not limited to
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ابراهيم بن المنذر الحزامي : دراسة في سيرته ومروياته التاريخية == Ibraheem Bin Al - Munther Al - Huzami : Study In His Biography And Historical Tales

Author name: سماح نوري فاضل عباس
Supervisor name: عاصم اسماعيل كنعان العباسي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Ibraheem bin AL - munther AL - Huzami is one of the narrators, He came from an educated high born family, He told the past accidents especially Sira of the prophet, He lived in madena and died there.This study deals with this man, It is divided in to th
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مدينة اغمات من الفتح الاسلامي حتى نهاية عصر الموحدين (62 هــ - 668 هــ / 681م - 1269 م) : دراسة تاريخية == The City of Aghmat From The Time of The Muslim Conquest To The End of The Time of Al - Muwahideen (62 H. / 681 A.D. - 668 H. / 1269 A.D.) : Historical Study

Author name: سلام جبار منشد
Supervisor name: سادسة حلاوي حمود
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis aims at shedding light on the city of Aghmat in Far Maghreb which is considered one of the old - established cities of Maghreb. For many reasons, the city became a significant Muslim center after Islam had reached it; for it had left an eviden
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العقوبات التعزيرية خلال عصر الرسالة والخلافة الراشدة : دراسة تاريخية == Discretionary Penalties During The Period of The Message And Arthidox Khalifs : Historian Study

Author name: سعد عيدان عبد الله محمد الجبوري
Supervisor name: خالد محمود عبد الله الدليمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: This dissertation, which is entitled “The Discretionary Penalties during the Period of the Message and Orthodox Caliphs Historian Study, talks about the punishments, other than the Law of Equality and the Limits, which are not mentioned in Glorious Qur’an
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الحياة الاجتماعية في مؤلفات ابي حيان التوحيدي ت 414 هـ == Social Life In Thebooksof Abuhayyan Al - Tawheedey Died At414A.H.

Author name: زينب عبد الجبار عباس المفرجي
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم عز الدين صادق الاعرجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Abu - Hayyan Al - Tawheedey is one of the greatest writers and philosophers of the fourth migratory century and the early fifthmigratory century. He had an excellentencyclopedic and spiritual culture, infused his works with a special character. He was spe
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اراء ابن حزم الاندلسي الاقتصادية في كتابه المحلى (ت 456 هــ / 1063 م) == The Economical Opinions of Ibn Hazim Al - Andolci In His Book Al - Muhalla Died 465 A.H - 1063 A.D.

Author name: زينب سمير علي الماجدي
Supervisor name: كاظم ستر خلف العلاق
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Ibn - Hmaz is an actual institutor of the virtual doctrine in Andalusia. This was happened after the doctrine was started to disappear because Ali Dawood Al - Tahery who was the first creator of this doctrine was died and his followers was reduced. The au
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الغدر في الدولة العربية الاسلامية مـن صدر الاسلام حتى نهاية الدولة الاموية عام 132 هــ / 749 م

Author name: زينب جاسم حسن البهادلي
Supervisor name: هشام جخيور ميري الربيعي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
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الملك الناصر داود الايوبي : دراسة في جهوده السياسية والحضارية (603 هــ - 656 هــ / 1205م - 1258 م) == Al - Malik - An - Naser Dawood Al - Aiyubi : A Studying In His Political And Intelictual Activities

Author name: زياد علي عبد الله صالح العجيلي
Supervisor name: طلب صبار محل الجنابي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful Praise be to God, the lord of all worlds, and his peace and plessing be upon his great prophet and messenger Mohammad and all his generous family and companions, and then... The crusaders occupied Al -
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زوجات الخلفاء الامويين واثرهن السياسي : دراسة تاريخية == The Wives of The Umayyad Caliphs And Political They Effect : Historical Study

Author name: هناء كريم خزعل الحميدواي
Supervisor name: قصي اسعد عبد الحميد الراوي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Women broad prospects and big roles in the era of early Islam and eras that followed contributed to the openness of the Arab peoples and neighboring Nations, as well as of developments in political life, particularly in the Umayyad period, since many wome
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مولد النبي صلى الله تعالى عليه واله وسلم لمحمد بن عمر الواقدي : دراسة وتحقيق

Author name: زهراء سهيل خليل
Supervisor name: سامي حمود الحاج جاسم
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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محن الرسول محمد صلى الله عليه واله وسلم وشدائده في العهد المكي == The Prophet Mohammed's Tribulations And Hardships In Mecca Era

Author name: رياض ابراهيم خليل الجبوري
Supervisor name: خالد محمود عبد الله الدليمي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: Thesis is entitled "The prophet Mohammed's Tribulations and Hardships in Mecca Era ' which is a vital topic and worthy being focused on.It is because of its close relation to the current situation that Muslim World is in. Also, it is useful to those who
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الحركة اللاايقونية في بيزنطة خلال العهد الايسوري (717 - 820م / 99 - 205 هــ) وصلتها بالعالم الاسلامي والجرماني == Iconoclasm In Byzantium During Isaurian Rule (717 - 802 Ad / 99 - 205 Ah) And Its Relation With Islamic And Germanic World

Author name: رؤى نصيف جاسم حمد
Supervisor name: نذير صبار عبد الله السوداني
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The non - iconic movement was manifested in the iconoclast to the sanctification of the icon which personifies the image of Jesus Christ, Virgin and the saint who assume a position of sanctity for the Christians. This iconoclasticism had an effect on the
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الصحابية اسماء بنت عميس (رضي الله عنها) : دراسة تاريخية == The Companion Asmaa Bint Omais : A Historical Study

Author name: رقية عزيز كردي حمود الجبوري
Supervisor name: رياض عبد الله محمد
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: Arab Muslim Women participated a great role in creating cultural creation an all levels, and could men in various life fields.Asmaa can be considered a model to be studied for Arabic Woman, and therefore this study comes to the sight ( (The companion As
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اسرة ال نما ودورها الفكري منذ القرن (6 - 8 هــ / 12 - 14 م) == The Family of Al - Nima And Their Intellectual Role Since The 6 - 8Th Century A.H. / 12 - 14 AC

Author name: مروة غازي محمد
Supervisor name: خضر عبد الرضا جاسم الخفاجي
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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بنو يربوع واثرهم في الحياة العامة حتى نهاية القرن الثالث الهجري == Banu Yarbu' Tribe And Their Participations In General Life Till The End of The Third Hijri Century

Author name: انتصار لطيف جاسم
Supervisor name: عبد الباسط عبد الرزاق حسين
General topic: History
Specific topic: Islamic History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The study of Arab tribes is an area of interest for Arab and Islamic historians which is to reach the tribe members to their origin. It is a source of pride of the history and glory of that tribe. The science of genealogy has become the art of genealogy f
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