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مقارنة نظرية بين HgCdTe وAlGaAs لنظامي البئر الكمي الليزري ذو التركيبين غير المتجانسين == Theoretical Comparison between HgCdTe and AlGaAs Heterostructure Quantum Well Laser Systems

Author name: وديان كاظم عبد الزبيدي
Supervisor name: ابتسام محمد تقي سلمان
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هذا البحث يصف مقارنة نظرية بين نظامي ولليزر البئر الكمي ذو التركيب غير المتجانس. حيث تم دراسة تاثير العوامل المختلفة لهذا التركيب مثل عرض البئر وعرض الحاجز للبئر الكمي المفرد والمتعدد على عوامل الليزرمثل عامل التقيد البصري وتيار العتبة وكثافة تيار العتبة والربح البصري وقدرة الخرج والكفاءة . بالاضافة الى دراسة كثافة الحالات للبئر الكمي.افضل قيمة لعامل التقييد البصري (0.308) للتركيب ذو ثلاثة ابار كمية و(W=21.5nm) و(0.0224) للتركيب ذو خمسة ابار كمية و(W=11.3nm). عامل التقيد له تحسن كبير في التركيب المتعدد الابار افضل من التركيب ذو البئر الكمي المفرد . واظهرت النتائج ان عامل التقييد للتركيب المتعدد الابار اكبر منه للبئر الكمي المنفرد بمقدار 18 مرة للتركيب وبمقدار 25 مرة للتركيب . هذا التحقيق لتحسين عمل نبيطة الليزر دايود من خلال تاثير عامل التقييد البصري على الربح وتيار العتبة والقدرة الخارجة والكفاءة تحت الانحياز الامامي في المنطقه الفعالة، كانت كثافة تيار العتبة ووكفاءة (89% ل و97% لـ ) | This work is description of theoretical comparison between two systems and for heterostructure quantum well laser. Where studied the effects of the variation parameters for this structure such as a well width, barrier width for Single and Multi - Quantum Well, on laser parameters such as optical confinement factor, threshold current, threshold current density, optical gain, output power and efficiency. In addition we studied the density of states for quantum well.The optical confinement factor has the best value (0.308) for 3QWs at (W=21.5nm) and (0.0224) for 5QWs at (W=11.3nm). It introduced a significant improvement in MQW is much higher than SQW for two systems. The results showed that optical confinement factor of 3QW are much higher (by a factor 18) for and (by a factor 25) for 5QW, from optical confinement factor of SQW. This investigated for improve the work of laser diode device through the effect of optical confinement factor on the gain, threshold current, output power and efficiency under forward bias in active region, where threshold current density , with efficiency (89%for and 97% for )

دراسة تاثير استبدال (Y2O3,Sb2O3,SrO) على الخصائص التركيبية والكهربائية للمركب فائق التوصيل HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8 == Study the effect of (Y2O3,Sb2O3,SrO) substatution on the structural and electrical properties of the HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+? superconductor compound

Author name: نور قاسم فاضل
Supervisor name: كريم علي جاسم
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن الدراسة تاثير الاضافات (SrO or Y2O3 or Sb2O3) على الخواص التركيبية والكهربائيه للمركب الفائق التوصيل . [Hg 1223] تم حضير النماذج الاتيه HgBa2 - xSbxCa2Cu3O8+δ) وHgBa2 - xYxCa2Cu3O8+δو (HgBa2 - xSrxCa2Cu3O8+δ ولقيم x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 بطريقه تفاعل الحاله الصلبة.وقد درس الخصائص التركب البلوري باستخدام حيود الاشعة السينية ( XRD ) واظهرتحليل حيود الاشعة السينية ان جميع العينات ذات تركيب (tetragonal) تحوي على اطوارتركيبه فائقه التوصيل منخفضة (1212و1201) وعالية (1223) , وان النسب الطوريه ) نسبه الطورالعالي 1223) تزداد عند الاستبدال. كذلك وجد بان قيمة الثابت الشبيكة (c) يقل عند استبدال (SrO or Y2O3 or Sb2O3) في موقع الباريوم.حيث ان قيمه ثابت الشبيكه c للمركب HgBa2 - x(Sr or Sb or Y)x Ca2Cu3O8+δ ل x=0 هي c=15.75 ,في حين عند استبدال Srتنخفض قيمه ثابت الشبيكه cالى c=15.3510 (x=0.1), 15.3811 (x=0.2), 15.4431 (x=0.3),كذلك تنخفض قيمه ثابت c عند استبدال Sbالى 15.3417 (x=0.1), 15.4274 (0.2), 15.4432 (x=0.3).عند استبدال Yتنخفض قيمه ثابت الشبيكه cالى15.353 (x=0.1), 15.397 (0.2), 15.473 (x=0.3). . لحساب درجه الحراره الحرجه تم دراسة المقاوميه الكهربائيه باستخدام تقنيه القطاب الاربعة, حيث وجد ان درجه الحرارة الحرجه تزاد عند استبدال SrO وY2O3 وSb2O في موقع الباريوم وان اعلى درجه حرارة حرجة تم الحصول عليها عند استبدال Srوهي 138 كلفن. في درجة حرارة الغرفة تم قياس ثابت العزل الكهربائي كداله للتردد في المدى (Hz50 - 1MHZ), قد وجد ان ثابت العزل الكهربائي للتردد HZ 50 هو 45.489، بينما عند استبدال (Sr)ينخفض ثابت العزل الكهربائي الى 45.1715 (x=0.1)، 24،2123 (0.2x=) ,16.82781313 (x=0.3)، وانخفض ايضا ثابت العزل الكهربائي عند استبدال (Sb) الى 12،708 (x=0.1)، 10.339 (0.2x=) ,10.816 (x=0.3) لكن عند استبدال (Y) ثابت العزل الكهربائي يزداد الى 63.3682 (x=0.1) الى 26،378 (x=0.3). | The present thesis includes effect of (SrO, Y2O3 and Sb2O3) substatution on the structural and electrical properties of the [ Hg - 1223] compounds. Which have prepared the superconducting compounds HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ ,HgBa2 - xYxCa2Cu3O8+δ, HgBa2 - xSbxCa2Cu3O8+δ and HgBa2 - xSrxCa2Cu3O8+δ (x=0.1,0.2,0.3) by useing Solid state reaction method. The crystal structures for all the specimen have been determined by of X - ray diffraction. Shows the XRD that all specimen have tetragonal structures correspond to the high [ Hg - 1223] and low - phase[ Hg - 1201 and Hg - 1212], and there is a decrease in c - parameter value when substituted of (Sb2O3 or SrO or Y2O3) in Barium site, where that c - parameter value of HgBa2 - x(Sr or Sb)x Ca2Cu3O8+δ for x= 0 is c=15.75, while at substatution (Sr) decreased c - parameter value to c=15.3510 (x=0.1), 15.3811 (x=0.2), 15.4431 (x=0.3), also decreased c - parameter value at substatution (Sb) to 15.3417 (x=0.1) , 15.4274 (0.2) and 15.4432 (x=0.3), at substatution (Y) decreased c - parameter value to 15.353 (x=0.1) , 15.397 (0.2) and 15.473 (x=0.3). while the volume fraction of the high - Tc phase increased with the increase of (Sb2O3 or SrO or Y2O3) content. Electrical resistivity was used to find the critical temperature using the four - probe technique, found that transition temperature which it increased when substituted (Sb2O3 or SrO or Y2O3), and we get a highest critical temperature is 138k. The dielectric constant have been measured and is a function of applied frequencies ( range of 50 Hz to 1MHz) at room temperature HgBa2 - x(Sr or Sb)x Ca2Cu3O8+δ for x= 0. It was found that the dielectric constant of at the frequency 50Hz is 45.489 , while at addition(Sr) decreased dielectric constant are 45.1715 (x=0.1) , 24.2123(0.2) and 16.82781313 (x=0.3),also decreased dielectric constant at addition(Sb) to 12.708 (x=0.1) , 10.339(0.2) and 10.816 (x=0.3).but when addition(Y) dielectric constant increasing are 63.3682 (x=0.1) to 26.378 (x=0.3). It was found that dielectric loss factor (tan) of all specimens decreased with the increase of frequency.

محاكاة الحل التحليلي لقدرة خرج ليزر ليف زجاج السليكا المطعم باليتاربيوم

Author name: كنار نبيل جليل
Supervisor name: مظهر شهاب احمد
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The current study included treating a theory of general derivation equation coefficients output laser's power ( ) by using the analytical solution of the rate equations that included the transition factor ( ), in which the losses scattering be neglected for a laser system when the active material is an optical fiber, its core is silica glass and Yb3+ - doped.While its resonant cavity it resonator Fabry - Perot, and it is pumping through one end of the optical fiber, while the Continuous Wave (CW) laser emission from the other end.In this study, it has been selected pumping wavelength ( 920*10 - 9m) and lasing wavelength ( 1090*10 - 9m) for this middle effective as an example of a typical plan to pump quasi four levels to find a numerical solution of the equation of the output laser which have been derived by programmable coefficients of this equation matlab language (version 8.1) this happened, after the coefficient ( ) has been calculated for all these laser transitions of this middle effective when it has been pumped ( ) as mention above.The simulation results for this laser system have presented that since the optical fiber is Single Clad Fiber (SCF) and a design of (Lycom ) type, it has been found that the concentration of the type (CorActive) is the highest value for obtaining high efficiency.The laser output power ( ) has been drops linearly by the increasing of core optical fiber radius, while it increases linearly with the increasing of the length of optical fiber, the laser output mirror reflectivity, pumping power, it is the highest values when using the optical fiber Single Mode (SM).In case of the optical fiber is Double Clad Fiber (DCF) and the design of type Large Mode Area (LMA), the ( ) decreases with increasing radius of the core of the optical fiber, while increases with each of the length of optical fiber and pumping power.In addition to that it has been found that ( ) increases linearly with the increasing pumping power whether the inner clad fiber shape is a Rectangle or Square or Circular, and that, the value of laser output power and efficiency are higher in the case of a Rectangular shape.

تحضير SnO2 النانوي ودراسة تاثير التشويب على الخواص التركيبية والبصرية == Preparation SnO2 nanoparticles and Study the Effect of Doping on Structure and Optical Properties

Author name: كرار امين قدوري محمد
Supervisor name: طارق عبد الرضا علوان الظاهر
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذا البحث تحضير مسحوق SnO2 النانوي النقي المحضر من املاح القصدير المتمثلة بملح SnCl4.5H2O بطريقة الصول - جل بثلاثة مذيبات مختلفة وهي الماء، والميثانول، والايثانول، وتم اجراء عملية التلدين عند درجة حرارة (400°C) .تم اختيار المذيب الايثانول لاعطائه اكبر كمية من المسحوق ومطابقته للملف ذي الرقم (JCPDS : 41 - 1445) لتحضير العينات المشوبة (بالنيكل والمغنيسيوم والكادميوم) كل على انفراد وبثلاثة تراكيز (5, 10 و%15) من كل عنصر ثم اجريت عملية تلدين لهذه العينات لدرجة (700°C).اظــهرت نتائج حـيود الشعاع السيني ان جــميـع العينات المحـضـرة تمتلك نظاما رباعيا متعددة التبلور وفحصت العينات للمدى الزاوي (°20 - °100)، وظهرت السطوح الاربعة الاعلى شدة وهي ((110, (101), (200), 211))، تم حساب الحجم الحبيبي بطريقة ديباي - شيرر وبطريقة وليامسون - هول، وبينت النتائج ان حجم الحبيبات يقل بزيادة نسبة التشويب، كما تم حساب العديد من المعلمات التركيبية كثوابت الشبيكة وفسحة السطوح، والكثافة، والمساحة السطحية النوعية، وعدد خلايا الوحدة، وكثافة الانخلاعات، والاجهادات المجهرية وعامل التشكيل وعامل طبيعة السطح. اوضحت نتائج فحوص (AFM) طبيعة السطح للعينات المحضرة، وقد تم حساب معدل الحجم الحبيبي، ومعدل الخشونة، وقيمة جذر مربع المعدل(RMS) وكانت مختلفة من حيث معدل خشونة السطح. حيث تقل الخشونة بزيادة نسبة التشويب، ويقل معدل قطر الحبيبات بزيادة نسبة التشويب التي اتفقت مع نتائج حيود الشعاع السيني وكانت تتراوح ما بين (127.71 - 69.64) nm، وقد اظهرت صور (SEM) ان اشكال الحبيبات النانوية للنماذج (P4,N3,M3,C3) كروية او شبه كروية متجمعة بهياة عناقيد وظهر البعض منها بشكل متكتل. اما بالنسبة لفحص (EDX) فقد اظهرت جميع العينات قمة عالية عند ~3.5) keV) للقصدير مع ظهور قمم صغيرة لعنصر الكلور والبوتاسيوم التي عدت كشوائب بنسب وزنية ضئيلة جدا نتيجة عملية التحضير للعينة النقية، اما العينات المشوبة فقد اظهرت قمم مادة التشويب بالاضافة الى القصدير الا ان الاوكسجين لم يظهر في فحص (EDX).ومن خلال تسجيل طيـف الامتصاص لمحلول SnO2 وضـمن مــدى الاطــوال الموجـية (300 - 900 nm)، اوضحت النتائج ان الامتصاصية تزداد بزيادة نسبة التشويب لجميع العينات، اما فـجـوة الـطاقة البصرية للانتقال الالكتروني المباشر الـمـسـمـوح باستعمال معادلة (Tauc) وباستخدام معادلة (Kubelka - Munk) فقد وجد انها تقل بزيادة نسبة التشويب. | In this research, pure SnO2 Nanopowders were prepared from tin salt (SnCl4.5H2O) by sol - gel method using three different solvents; water, methanol and ethanol. The preparered powders annealed at temperature (400°C). according to the result of prepared powder, the sample of ethanol as a solvent is taken into consideration due to the greater amount of the powder is produced and it’s in a good agreement with the File No. (JCPDS : 41 - 1445). The preparation of doped samples is performed using ethanol as a solvent with each one of the dopants (Nickel, Magnesium and Cadmium) with three percentages (5, 10 and 15)% of each element. Then nine prepared doped samples as well as the pure one were annealing at (700°C).XRD results show, all prepared samples have polycrystalline tetragonal crystal system. The scan of x - ray in the range of Bragg’s angle (20 - 100)° which revealed the four highest intensity peaks, (110),( 101),( 200) and ( 211)planes. From the diffraction pattern of each sample, the crystallite size is calculated by Debye - Sherrer and Williamson - Hall methods. Their results showed that grain size decreases with increasing ratio of doping concentration, also there has been many parameter likes; lattice constants, interplanar distance, specific surface area, number of unit cells, intensity, dislocations density and macrostrain which are calculated. AFM test revealed the morphology of the prepared samples. Their grain size, roughness and average root mean square value (RMS) are different for each sample. Surface roughness decreased with the increase of the dopant percentage. The average grain size was ranging between (69.64 - 127.71) nm and is decreased with the increase of dopant percentage and this show a good agreement with the XRD results. SEM for the sample (P4, N3, M3 and C3) revealed spherical or semi - spherical nanoparticles agglomerate in the form of a cluster. While EDX test shows a high peak at (~ 3.5)KeV of the Tin, with small peaks of chlorine and potassium which are considered as impurity and that is due to its small quantity which is resulted from the process of preparation of pure sample. In the doped samples, the peaks of dopant elements appeared in addition to that of tin, but the oxygen does not appear.UV spectra for all samples are performed by dissolving some amount of the powder in the double distilled water in the range (300 - 900) nm, their results show the absorbance increases with the proportion of dopant concentration of all samples. The optical energy gap for allowed direct transition are calculated by using Tauc and Kubelka - Munk equations, which decrease with the increase of dopant percentage.

دراسة الخصائص التركيبية والكهربائية والمغناطيسية للفرايت النانوي ذي التركيب المغزلي المحضر بطريقة السول (NixCu0.2Zn0.8 - xFe2O4) - جل ذات الا حتراق التلقائي == Studying Structural , Electrical and Magnetic Properties for Nano Spinel Ferrite of (NixCu0.2Zn0.8 - xFe2O4) Prepared by Sol - Gel Auto Combustion Method

Author name: عمار عيسى عباس نجم الربيعي
Supervisor name: احمد رفيق عبد المجيد
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In this research , Nano spinel ferrite (NixCu0.2Zn0.8 - xFe2O4) was synthesized using sol - gel auto - combustion and flash combustion methods .Nineteen samples were prepared and their studies were divided into three parts. Study the effect of citric acid in preparation of Nano ferrite (Ni0.1Cu0.2Zn0.7Fe2O4) by changing the molar ratio of adding fuel to any sample and the five samples were prepared from (C series). The structural properties of samples were studied using x - ray diffraction technique (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) which showed that the obtained ferrite possesses spinel cubic phase for all used molar ratios , besides when the concentration of adding fuel was increased leads to decrease in grain size and theoretical density , increase in dislocation density and the surface area. Then the molar ratio (1 : 1 M) was chosen as the best adding ratio due to that the obtained ferrite at this ratio possesses best texture coefficient with small grain size and best internal strain by comparing with the other ratios.  Study the influence of substitute (Zn+2) ion by (Ni+2) ion on the structural , electrical and magnetic properties of Nano ferrite powder (NixCu0.2Zn0.8 - xFe2O4)(0.1≤X≤0.7) synthesized using sol - gel auto - combustion method , there are seven samples were prepared (A) series and tested by two types of structural test included analyzer x - ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, the results exhibited forming the spinel phase for all samples in spite of the substitute of (Zn+2) ion by (Ni+2) ion, and the increase of (Zn+2) ions concentration leads to decrease in the grain size and increase in theoretical density. Then the ferrite powder was divided in two groups, the first was pressed into the pellet shape which was used in electrical tests and the second group was pressed into the rings shape which was used in magnetic tests. The two faces of the pellets in first group polished by silver paste material in case to obtain a ceramic capacitors that subjected to electrical tests which included the measurement of dielectric constant , dielectric loss coefficient, alternating electrical conductivity and direct electrical conductivity ,and the study of magnetic properties for the rings samples included measurement of hysteresis loop , selfinduction, initial permeability and the relative loss factor. The results of electrical tests exhibited decrease in dielectric constant with frequency increase at room temperature , and dielectric constant increases at certain ratios of adding (Zn+2) ions and decreases at other ratios. However , the dielectric loss coefficient its fall when increasing frequency until reaches its lowest value at the high frequencies values and so it is various when the concentrations of (Zn+2) ion were changed .and the measurement of alternating electrical conductivity displaying it increases with the increasein frequency and it values disparity with the change of (Zn+2)ion concentration , in other hand the direct electrical conductivity increase with substituting (Zn+2) ion concentration increases. The magnetic tests results exhibited that the ratio (X=0.3) with chemical formula (Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4) possesses a significant magnetic properties when compared with other samples because it has the highest initial permeability with lowest relative loss factor and it has best hysteresis loop so that it realized conditions for using it as a cores in transducers and electrical motors. Study the influence of substituting (Zn+2)ion by (Ni+2) ion on the structural properties of Nano ferrite (NixCu0.2Zn0.8 - xFe2O4)(0.1≤ X≤ 0.7) synthesized using flash combustion method, there are seven samples were prepared (F) series tested by two types of structural tests included xray diffraction and scanning electron microscope tests , and the results exhibited form the spinel phase for all samples and no other phases were presented and observed that structural results were agreed with these obtained from sol - gel auto - combustion method.

الخواص التركيبية والبصرية والكهربائية لاغشية اوكسيد النيكل المحضرة بطريقة الترذيذ كمتحسس غازي == The structural, optical and electrical properties of NiO films prepared by RF - Sputtering as gas sensor

Author name: زينب طارق عبد الحميد
Supervisor name: قاسم عزيز محمد | محمد عبد النبي
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The structural, optical, electrical, and gas sensing properties of nickel oxide have been studied. The structural properties of the deposited films were made using XRD, SEM and AFM. The NiO films have been prepared with different thicknesses (100, 150 and 200) nm on glass, Si and Al2O3 substrates, using RF - sputtering at 100°C substrate temperature. The electrical and optical parameters of the NiO films were characterized using Hall Effect and transmittance measurements.The X - ray diffraction result indicates that the films are of polycrystalline in nature with cubic structure. The grain size of the nanoparticales observed at the surface depended of films thicknesses, where 200 nm has smallest average grain size 85.5 nm and RMS increased with increasing of thicknesses.The optical characterization shows that the film has band gap that ranged in between 3.6 eV to 3.9 eV, the average transmittance of films was found to be ranged of 60% to 85% in the VIS - IR regions. The dark conductivity of NiO films has been studied as a function of film thickness, crystal structure transformation and temperature with particular regard to gas sensitivity in CO2, NO2, CO, NO and the ethanol vapor. The electrical properties were found to be dependent on the film thickness.I - V characteristics for NiO films at (air, vacuum, N2, O2andCO2) gases before and after annealing were investigation. It would appear from our result that the diminution of the dark conductivity after annealing may be due to the surface contaminations adsorbed on the surface of the NiO film during film preparation or from ordinary atmospheric air.The resistivity of the NiO thin films decreased with increasing of thicknesses, from 1.5x105 to 5.4x104 (Ω.cm), which is related to the increase of carrier concentration with film thickness. The results of measurements of NiO thin films show that these films have good conductivities and results obtained from Hall Effect indicate that the NiO films were (p - type).It was found that the sensitivity to other gases differs for different film thicknesses and working temperature. Furthermore, NiO films exhibits high and fast response to NO2 gas at 200°C, which makes it a promising candidate for a poisonous gas sensing.

دراسة نظرية لليزر الليف البصري المطعم بالنديميوم == Theoretical Study for Neodymium - Doped Optical Fiber Laser

Author name: امجد عبد الحميد سلمان
Supervisor name: مظهر شهاب احمد
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Laser Physics and Electro-optics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: to find equation of lasing output power (Pout) by using the numerical emulation Secondly, calculating the (Pout) of Nd+3 - doped optical fiber laser as a typical example for the optical fiber laser, which is process according to this system. The required equations to calculate (Pout) was programmed by Matlab program (version8.1). Two types of hosts were used in this simulation, the first type is Silica with four designs using commonly in the above mentioned, the four designs are Lycom (a), Lycom (b), York and IVA with lasing emission at the wavelengths (1064×10 - 9m) and (1331×10 - 9m). The second type of hosts is ZBLAN with only one design is Le Verre fluore, with lasing emission at two wavelengths (1048×10 - 9m) and (1317×10 - 9m). The first step in this emulation was determining the value of numerical aperture (NA) for each design of special designs and at the special wavelengths for every host, which can obtain the highest values of lasing output power (Pout) and efficiency (η) at value of (NA).The second step was calculating the (Pout) corresponding to pump power (Po) for each host according to the designs and the wavelengths related to the host, In case of the host Silica, for the two wavelengths of this host, it is found that the (Pout) was the highest value when the design (York) was used, while in case of the host (ZBLAN), it is found the highest value of (Pout) is when using the wavelength (1048×10 - 9m). For addition that, it is found that to obtain the highest values of (Pout) and (η) for this type of laser, it must be use the host Silica at the wavelength (1048×10 - 9m). According to that, the third step was using this host and this wavelength to calculate the effect of the numerical aperture (NA), core radius (a), cladding radius (b), fiber length (L),reflection coefficients (R2), Nd+3 - dopant concentration in the core (No), lifetime of upper laser level (T2) and pump power (Po) on the (Pout). The changing of the above mentioned coefficients values was determinate with its range which is finding in four designs related to the host Silica. It is found that the value of (Pout) decreased with the increase of the values of (NA, a, b, L and No), while increase with the increase of the values of (R2 ,T2 and Po), through that, the optimal values of these coefficients which must be used to obtain the highest values of (Pout) and (η) for this type of laser.