Author name:
حامد حسين حنيحن طعمة الشريفي
Supervisor name:
رجاء خلف عواد التكريتي
Abstract:
The Doctorate degree in Arabic and its literature needs many requirements like this research. The theory of the "presumptions support" that Dr. Tammam Hassan puts, new studies appeared and affected with these presumptions. These new studies demon started their impacts in old linguistic studies. Among the old scientists recognized them and incorporate that in their compilation. That resulted in making them a large scientific field in which many studiers and researchers came in. One of those was al - Wahidi the owner of the three explanation : Concise, Intermediate, and Simple. In the simple explanation "the research field" Al - Wahidi recognized the most of those presumptions and he didn't depend only on the "Al - E'arab presumption". Once he used the presumptions clearly. And an other time he indicate them. For example ,some text can not be explained except that explanations depend on the presumptions like traditions and habits as in demonstrating the meaning, and the relation between the pilgrimage (hajj) and coming to the houses from their doors as it is in surah. Al - baqarah, the explanation was according to those traditions which the Arabic community followed in the ignorant age. One of the current age feature is the study in that field thereby various studies appeared and demon started that the presumptions have got effects in their fields. The scientists distributed the presumptions according to what their studies need. But I found that the best distribution could be four fold, to beghn with the word and what happen on it as : E'arab, Tanween, and Harmony. Then some words demand to accompany other words, and also the effect of the words nearness with other words. Afterwards, we come out to what surround these words. The title of the thesis "its field was the simple explanation" was the presumptions and its effect in directing meaning with the reference to the Tafseer al - Baseet for Al - Wahidi (died in 468 H). The thesis was organized into : foreword, introduction, four units and conclusion.For word : As a fore word ,I dealt with the reasons of selecting the subject, the difficulties I found in selecting the subject, the borders of the research, besides the references. Introduction : in the introduction, I talked about the notion of presumption, the meaning in language and convention, and their kinds. I didn’t talk about the book and its author, But they are two large fields for detailed studies, several researchers wrote about them such as those investigators in the author's book, (the simple explanation) headed them.Units : The units are as follows : Unit one : verbal presumptions, I talked about the presumptions which its performance can be in pronunciation like construction , in other words, the word and the effects happen for it. and I distributed this unit into five topics : conjugation construction, E'arab mark, tanueen, harmony, and stopping. Unit two : The presumptions depend on the relations among the words, in this unit , I talked about the presumptions where the words have got relation with the nearby words, their meaning can be got by these words. Each presumption needs connection between two linguistic elements, in other words, the two parts of the sentence demand , each one another in the same sentence or near it, for example : the verb needs the subjects and the preposition needs the noun comes after it that is for demonstration not for enumeration. These presumptions are for : Corres pondence, means, solidarity, connection and rank. Unit three : Incorporeal presumptions, the talking was about the group of presumptions that disclose the contextual relations among the parts of the sentence, therefore this unit was divided into : support presumption, specialty presumption, proportion, and subordination presumption.Unit four : Current Presumptions, The talking was about the group of presumptions that enter the stage of the linguistic text. They deal with the circumstances and the atmospheres that surround the sentence or the text and in which the text was be said. These presumptions can be occurred out the linguistic text where the text born in them. There is no relation between them and the text words excluding the circumstances that surround the to distinct and demonstrate it. Its distribution was as follows : the reasons of the descent ,prophetic hadith tradition and physical movements.As for conclusion… It contained the results that appeared during the research. and grace of Allah to whom be ascribed all perfection and majesty ,that the supervisor on this research is our professor ,Dr.Raja'a khalaf awad al - Tikrity who covered me with her grace and her guiding ,then, she didn't scant me with her advise and instructions.she endured a lot of troubles allah rewards her and bestow upon her with plentiful graces. and praise be to god! thank god.
