Author name:
نور سالم مجيد عودة
Supervisor name:
منتهى طالب سلمان
Abstract:
The study of the international border problem of topics thorny and complex because they require knowledge of the historical, political, geographical and legal aspects with geographical neighbors of the country you want to study its borders.Since the establishment of the new Iraqi state border problems with the Arab geographical neighbors appeared on the political scene, and it was the most important of Iraq's attempt to obtain access to the sea overlooking the Arabian Gulf as Iraq has only a few kilometers are not commensurate with its economic potential, especially oil. So I began to border problems with Kuwait, along with the emergence of tribal problems and how to establish security and stability in the border areas and the problems related to water and oil pipelines to the border problems with Saudi Arabia, Syria, Jordan appeared.Thread derives its significance from the Iraqi border problems is one of the most important problems faced by successive Iraqi governments since independence in Iraq's modern history, which is still interesting for researchers, especially in the field of international political borders of Iraq. From this perspective has been chosen subject of the study (the Iraqi border with the neighboring countries of the Arab geographical problems : 1937 - 1968), was identified in 1937, the beginning of the study because of that this year the Iranian pressure on Iraq and demanding half Shatt al - Arab began forcing him to relinquish his stake in This water as he went to look for sea port on the Arabian Gulf, which raised border problems with Kuwait and then the rest of the Arab countries, were also identified in 1968, the end of this school year because it is the seventeenth of July coup occurred against the government of Abdul Rahman Mohammed Arif. In the wake of the coup saw the Middle East, important events have influenced later in Iraq's relations with the Arab geographical neighbors.This study tries to answer substantive questions, including : 1. what the real reasons behind the emergence of the Iraqi border problems Kaa Arab geographical neighbors?2. You had to Britain's role in fomenting the Iraqi border problems or resolved?3. What are the main border agreements and treaties that Iraq held with the Arab geographical neighbors to maintain international political boundaries?4. What are the key aspects of Iraq's border with the neighboring countries of the Arab geographical problems?5. Is the Arab countries cooperated with Iraq to resolve border disputes clans?6. How did the Iraqi border problems in its relations with the Arab geographical neighbors?7. Is Iraq reach a definitive solution to solving the border problems with the Arab geographical neighbors, especially with Kuwait, or is this Malfah problems between the two sides remained?Message material distributed to the introduction and four chapters and an epilogue, taking the first chapter, which was titled (the Iraqi border with the Arab geographical proximity 1921 - 1937 countries problems), a preliminary study is necessary, as it included four topics first addressed, including the Iraqi border problem - alkwytah reviewing the beginning of the problem and its roots and the way Iraqi border demarcation - alkwytah as well as smuggling border problems, he said, the second Iraqi border problems KSA reviewing conferences held between the two countries to resolve the problems of abuses tribal border as well as the disputed border outposts, while the third section emphasized the Iraqi border problems - Syrian explained border conferences held between the two sides and the results released on the border of the Syrian - Iraqi problems, while confirmed the fourth section on the Iraqi border with Transjordan problems (the Kingdom of Jordan later) of this section has been tracking the problems between the two countries and explain the demarcation of the border between the two lines, as well as tribal excesses on this line.The second chapter entitled came (the Iraqi border with the neighboring countries of the Arab geographical problems 1937 - 1958) were distributed among the scientific article on the four topics addressed first Iraqi border problems - alkwytah during this period, presenting an overview of the extent of the impact of the Second World War on the border and survival as it is a result of concern British in the war, but the end of the war saw the forties attempt Iraqi government to drag Kuwait to join the Arab Hashemite Union and resulted from negotiations on it, and ensure that the second section of the Iraqi border problems KSA reviewing Section positive steps that have taken place between the two sides and the resulting from the signing of several agreements borders , and in particular the management of neutrality zone and the subordination of the tribes reportedly water in 1938 also touched on the May Revolution (May 1941) and the extent of their impact on the Iraqi border, KSA, and the third section was devoted to the study of border problems of the Syrian - Iraq, particularly smuggling and disputes between tribes located on the border issues between the two countries during the forties and fifties of the monarchy, and the fourth section shed light on Iraq's border with the problems of Transjordan (later the Kingdom of Jordan) and to clarify the extent of the impact of international events and Anhecasha on the border with Iraq, Transjordan.The third chapter trace (the Iraqi border with the neighboring countries of the Arab geographical problems through loud First Covenant 19,058 - 1963) consisted of four topics first addressed the Iraqi border problems - alkwytah during the Republican era and the arrival of the first leader Abd al - Karim Qasim to power and re - announcing Kuwait home Mother causing an international crisis reflected on the relations with the Arab Jawaraljgrave countries, and between the second section of the Iraqi border problems KSA and explained the position of Saudi Arabia from the revolution and the new system of governance and the extent of fear of Saudi Arabia, followed cautious policy toward Iraq, he said, the third section of the Iraqi - Syrian border problems He highlighted the Shawwaf movement in Mosul in 1959 and over the effects on the border between the two problems, as well as the historic meeting that took place between the leader Abdul Karim Qasim and Nazim Qudsi President of Syria in the humid Nizqh border to settle the border between the two problems, which was a positive step to strengthen the relations between them, The fourth section shed light on the Iraqi border problems between - alardnah and extent of the impact of international events and circumstances at border crossing points after switching system of the State of the Royal Republican to Iraq.The fourth chapter devoted to the statement (the Iraqi border with neighboring countries, geographical problems during the second republican era from 1963 to 1968) and included four topics touched on the first of them to the Iraqi - Kuwaiti border problems and the development of the new Iraqi policy pursued towards Kuwait and the resulting expected Minutes or agreement in October 1963, which recognized Iraq through Kuwait and its borders and sovereignty, which form such an agreement obstacle to the border between the two countries, the negotiations, especially after the return of Kuwaiti government to confessions and previous evidence relating to the borders of the year (1932), dealt with the second section of the Iraqi KSA border problems and explain the effectiveness of signing treaties and agreements between the two countries and their impact in the second republican era, Chapter III handled the Iraqi border problems - Syrian and the crisis of Iraqi oil to Syria in 1966, and included the fourth section of the Iraqi border problems - alardnah statement international events and crises in that particular - alasra?alah Arab war in 1967 through the participation of Iraqi military units and cross - border support for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan at the time.So the Iraqi border with the Arab geographical neighbors problem of the main problems faced by successive Iraqi governments since independence to the present day Fasttaat Iraqi governments, some of which solution and others not resolved so far and has become a chronic problem, particularly with regard to the previous Kuwait forget the politics that were walking by both the two countries. Can resolve border problems by strengthening the bonds of economic and cultural relations and to move away from the spirit of hostility and gain at the expense of the other party
