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امكانات التنمية الاقليمية في محافظة ميسان == The Potentialities For Regional Development In Missan Governorate

Author name: ميادة كاظم عبد قمبر
Supervisor name: عطا الله سليمان راهي الحديثي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يمثل حجم الامكانات الجغرافية المتاحة (الطبيعية والبشرية) وتوزيعها الجغرافي ضمن الحيز المكاني للاقليم مرتكزا اساسيا يمكن من خلاله الكشف عن واقع المؤهلات التنموية ومدى امكانية استثمارها في تحقيق التنمية المكانية للاقليم بشكل عام وللمناطق المتخلفة بشكل خاص. | The development represents the basic element that contributes in developing the economical and social frame of any territory , through the optimum utilizing of the developmental resources which are available within the geographical space as well as their active role in providing the good opportunities of work to the natives and increasing the rate. so this will put the unprogressive reality into economical progress. Therefore the development in Missan comes to reveal the developmental reality through highlighting its geographical and economical features and determining how the future image of the developmental reality will be , and to diagnose the obstacles which prevent from reaching this aim within the unprogressive economical regions in the governorate. Missan governorate has got many natural and economical potential such as : its borders with Iran which can be used in the commercial and economical exchanging between the two neighbors , and also its large area which are about (3,7%) of Iraq's total area and the fertile land which forms about (3,6%) of Iraq's total agricultural land. The governorate can be considered an importing center of production , due to its containing of several fields of oil and natural gas. It also has got a resource of raw materials which enter in the sugar , paper , oil plant and plastic industry, in addition to many industrial constructions like bricks and stones , there are also touristic elements which are represented by the marshes that qualify to be a tourists 'attraction and a resource of animal , fishy and agricultural wealth as well as possessing many archaeological sites and religious shrines, it possesses about (380) archaeological sites. The availability of human potentials in the governorate represents an important element in driving the elements of the place and its components to specific directions according to its available possibilities from one hand and revealing the means which fulfill the development of those possibilities on the other one. Therefore the study is entitled The potentialities for regional development in Missan governorate to show the most prominent possibilities and advantages which the governorate has through four chapters , Chapter one includes the natural resources in Missan and development possibilities, Chapter two deals with the human resources and development possibilities, Chapter three discuses the economical reality in Missan and development possibilities , Finally , chapter four highlights and san social reality and infrastructure in the governorate.

التحليل المكاني لانتشار ظاهرة الارهاب في العراق دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Spatial Analysis Of The Spread Of The Phenomenon Of Terrorism In Iraq (Study In Political Geography)

Author name: مؤيد زاحم فيصل عباس
Supervisor name: عباس غالي داوود الحديثي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتناول هذه الرسالة ظاهرة الارهاب من منظور الجغرافية السياسية ومدى ما ينطبق منها على العراق. ولهذا جاء العنوان ( التحليل المكاني لانتشار ظاهرة الارهاب في العراق ـ دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية). لقد تحددت مشكلة الدراسة في سؤال رئيسي نصه ( ما المقصود بالتحلي | The current thesis addresses the phenomenon of terrorism from the geopolitical prospective and the extent of its appliance to Iraq. Thus, the title came as (The Spatial Analysis of the Circulation of Terrorism Phenomenon in Iraq - A Study in the Geopolitics). The study problem was defined in one main question saying (What is the meaning of spatial analysis of terrorist operations from the geopolitical prospective) which led the researcher into other questions such as what are the causes behind the prominence of terrorism phenomenon? What is the pattern of distributing the terrorist operations? What are the impacts of these operations? What are the strategies developed domestically, regionally and internationally to confront this phenomenon. As to the research basic hypothesis, it stated (the governorates ethnically diverse and of long borders were more affected with terrorist operations). Hence, the research aims are mainly represented in identifying the terrorism territories in Iraq, stating terrorism impacts and how to confront it from a geographic prospective. The study significance lies in being the first of kind in Iraq as a scientific thesis in the field of geopolitics - and may in the Arab Homeland - especially when the followed method in analyzing the phenomenon is the system approach which is one of the very modern methods in the geographic use, opening the door wide in front of the researchers, students, professors and specialists to many types of studies about terrorism phenomenon. Within that light, the thesis was divided into five chapters including thirteen sections. The first chapter was a theoretical framework of the study, while the second chapter was dedicated to define the concept of terrorism, its causes and goals, whereas the third chapter was specified to analyze the patterns of (distributing) terrorist operations. As to the fourth chapter, it addressed the factors affecting the circulation of terrorist operations in Iraq, then the fifth chapter dealt with the strategies followed to confront this phenomenon. The study arrived at a pool of conclusions, the most important of which were the non reaching to a collective preventive internationally accepted concept of terrorism, the terrorist operations increase with the increase of population intensity and diversity in the governorates, and Baghdad governorate had the biggest share of the overall terrorist operations. The thesis recommended the necessity of the geographers' participation in the process of analyzing the maps and data related to terrorism, the necessity to construct an efficient neutral security system of army, police and other forces supported by effective economic, political and social systems in a way ensuring the restoration of vitality and coherence to Iraq as being an effective geopolitical unit in the regional and international systems in the field of dealing with terrorism phenomenon

الاتجاه العام للغطاء الغيمي واثره على التساقط في العراق : دراسة في جغرافية المناخ == The General Attitude Of The Cloud Cover And Its Impact On Precipitation In Iraq - A Study In Climate Geography

Author name: مها عيسى توفيق الدلو
Supervisor name: بدر جدوع احمد المعموري
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study (The General Attitude of the Cloud Cover and Its Impact on precipitation in Iraq ) aims to determine the general direction of low and medium clouds in Iraq during the period of the study between (1988 - 2013) , determine the general direction of the total cloud (N) and low and medium clouds cover (Nh) in order to determine what if the clouds in Iraq have increased in repetition number or decreased during the study period, and then determine the relationship between clouds and rain in Iraq by the statistical relationship.Clouds have a great importance in nature where they are considered as the main distributor of precipitation types on earth and the air in contact with them. They reflect a ratio of about 80% of solar radiation. They also keep the long wave ground thermal radiation from escaping to the external space. The main reason for the formation of these clouds are the depressions that affect them in terms of the number of their frequencies and consequently the frequencies and the types of clouds differ from one season to another and from one area to another. Thus, in this study, the light was shed on the general attitude of the cloud cover to define to what the registration of the frequencies of cloud cover with its amounts and types during the study duration (1988 - 2013), especially that the climatic changes occurring in the world highly influenced the registrations of various climate elements including registrations provide depressions and are highly responsible of forming clouds with their types. As we mentioned before, the clouds and their direction were studied by dividing the study duration into two climatic periods (1988 - 2001) and (2002 - 2013) to show the averages of both periods and the differencebetween them and to identify which clouds registered a more decrease ratio during both periods.The cloud cover is regarded as one of the main indicators to express the amounts of the rains falling over the earth surface, hence the types most affecting the precipitation (rains) were studied, i.e. the low and middle height clouds. Despite that, it was shown that not all types of low and middle height clouds were productive clouds for some types were largely responsible of forming precipitation compared to other types which had no role but very little. It also was shown that there were certain types responsible of rains at the study area, so to achieve this goal of the study, the researcher collected all the hourly data about the types of clouds with respect to the low and middle height clouds, as well as the hourly data related to the cloud cover. They were examined in the form of rainy seasons starting from (September, October, November, December) and ending in (January, February, March, April, May).The study also included the deduction of the relation among the types of clouds, the cloud cover and the collections of rains through the statistical relationship (the correlation coefficient) to show the extend of relationship among them. The analysis during the study showed that there was a decrease in the frequency average of the low and middle height types of clouds with different ratios from one type to another. Also, there was a decrease in the coverage of clouds, especially the types most affecting the amount of rains. Moreover, there was a strong positive relationship with some types of clouds, the cloud coverage and rains, while this relationship was weak and negative with other types of clouds and the cloud coverage.For the study to include the general attitude of the types of clouds, the coverage of clouds and its relation with rains, it was studied in five chapters :

تحليل خرائط المؤشرات التخطيطية للخدمات الاجتماعية في مدينة المحمودية

Author name: منى محمد علاوي
Supervisor name: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ترمي الرسالة الى دراسة تحليل خرائط الخدمات الاجتماعية في مدينة المحمودية والتعرف على التباين المكاني في الخدمات الاجتماعية (التعليمية والصحية والترفيهية ) فضلا عن معرفة امكانية تحليل الخدمات الاجتماعية في عكس واقع وكفاءة تلك الخدمات في منطقة الدراسة والكش

المديونية العربية واثارها : تحليل في الجغرافيا السياسية == Indebtedness Arabic And Ats Effect Analysis In Geographic Political

Author name: معــن حسين عبد الله
Supervisor name: اعياد عبد الرضا عبد ال
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد مشكلة الديون الخارجية من اهم القضايا التي واجهت الدول العربية في العقود الماضية، والتي تقف عائقا في طريق سعيها نحو تحقيق التنمية، كانت بداية ازمة المديونية للدول العربية في السبعينات من القرن العشرين الا انها لم تشكل خطورة على تلك الدول وكانت اسعار ال

تحليل خرائط مؤشرات كثافة استعمال الارض في مدينة بغداد

Author name: مريم عبد الهادي اكوش
Supervisor name: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الدراسة الى اعداد وتحليل خرائط لاستعمالات الارض الحضرية والكثافات السكانية والحضرية والسكنية في مدينة بغداد على كافة المستويات الحضرية ابتداء من اكبر مستوى هو البلدية ثم الحي السكني والى اصغر وحدة ادارية والتي تتمثل بالمحلة السكنية لعامي 2009 - 2015 | r urban grounding, and population, urban and housing densitie urban levels including the largest component of municipality and the smallest component of neighborhood during 2009 - 2015 through spotting lights on the way of distributing population density and the main reasons behind such distribution. The study has identified the different patterns of housing, industrial, general services, open and green lands, farming, governmental, transportation, and the like uses. It also explicates the way of distribution of these densities in the various administrable units of the area under investigation through setting up and analyzing a set of maps. This study has three chapters ; chapter one deals with describing the uses of maps for land density at the municipality level , chapter two deals with setting up ground density grouping maps for the various neighborhoods of the present study, while chapter three deals with analyzing the ground density grouping maps for the smallest administrable units. The researcher has used the descriptive methodology and digit - quantification map analysis methodology. That is, it has been used maps and satellite images of Baghdad city, and setting up a set of maps for the area under investigation via the data provided by the governmental official institutions. The study has 61 maps and 41 tables. The study has come up with a number of concluding findings. It has been emphasized the significance of digital maps in magnifying the density image for the smallest housing area or so - called neighborhood. The following neighborhoods (303, 311, 109, 111, 113, 117, 119, 125, 127, 129, 131, 520, 522, 526, 528, 532, 534, 540, 542, ' 544, 54, 548, 550, 522, 554, 560, 560, 562, 527, 529, 531, 544, 546, 550, 552, 554, 556, 558, 560, 562, 627, 529, 531, 533, 539, 541, 543, 547, 549, 551, 553, 559, 561 ', 563, 563, 565, 567, 569, 513, 517, 519, 521, 555, 557, 571, 571, 573, 575, 752, 754, 758, 701, 713, 715, 719, 715, 721, 732, 737, 751, 753, 771, 773, 789,913,950,813,673,421,454,458,460,462,472, 416, 418, 418, 426, 462,430) have high urban density of 500 person per a hectarein 2015. Also, the administrable units have accessed the permissible population limit, and a number of solutions have been put forward

الخصائص المورفومترية لحوض وادي افي سركه في محافظة دهوك == Morphometric Characteristics For Afi Sarka Valley Basin In Duhok City

Author name: مروة علي طاهر
Supervisor name: اسامة خزعل عبد الرضا الشريفي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يقع مجرى افي سركه ضمن منطقة اقدام الجبال(سلسلة جبال كاره وسلسلة جبال متين) وتجري مياهه محكومة بطيه مقعرة( طية عمادية - خابور) ذات امتداد من الشرق الى الغرب حتى تصل مياهه الى نهر الخابور.يتكون حوض افي سركه من13 حوضا ثانويا يمثل الحوض الشمالي (7)احواض والج | Afi Sarka Stream lies within mountains feet region ( Kara Mountains Series and Mateen Mountains Series) , its water governed by concave herewith ( Emadya - Khabor herewith) with extend from east to west till its water reach to Khabor River. Afi Sarka river basin consists of 13 secondary basin, northern basin represents 7 basins , southern 6 basins , and 100% of northern basins waters come from fountainheads and 70% of southern basins waters come from fountainheads also and these waters suitable for various human uses. Region of study comprises variety in the appeared rock contains that waters flow in the secondary basins , and main stream for Afi Sarka related to eras of ( Kretasi, Balyoucin, Ayocin, Meyocin, Blayocin, and quarrel era Blaisqucin and Holocin), most these forms are from sand stone , limestone stone and mud stone which are insoluble rocks in ordinary circumstances , therefore they are not contributed in changing water quality specifications. Form of region consists of three convex herewith from them are Mateen Series and represent northern secondary basins field and Kara Series and represent southern secondary basins field as well as concave herewith mediate the two herewith and represent field of flow Afi Sarka River and both basins secondary northern and southern. Topographically ,region divided into three fields follow mile direction , first field includes main stream of Afi Sarka basin and extend to east study field and begin with Kantor line (900) m above sea surface level and end by Kintor line (700) fi Sarka basin northern western region study at Afi Sarka basin fountain in Khabor river , while second river is the northern basins field and begins from Kintor line (2000)m above sea surface level in far north region and directed to eastern northern - western southern and this field occupies this secondary basins of Afi Sarka basin and end by Kintor line (700) m above sear surface level, while third field is southern basins field in far southern region and directed to western southern - northern eastern and include the southern basins of Afi Sarka basin and begins from Kintor line ( 1800) m above sea surface level and end by Kintor line (800) m above sea surface level and these Kintor directions are main reason for formation all parts of Afi Sarka basin because they are responsible on surface flow direction within main stream borders and they are also the main factor that contributed in drawing forms of this basin with the flowing waters.Afi Sarka basin square is ( 318) km2 and morphometricaly , considers one of middle square basins , secondary basins square for Afi Sarka is ( 288) km2 and by applying morphometric equation appeared that Afi Sarka basin in its base circulation, while morphometric coefficient have been shown increasing value of basin form (36.98) and this value means sloping Afi Sarka basin from middle to sever slop and this also means middle activity for erosion and geomorphologic working in the basin. While value of bumpy basin was very low ( 0.088) and this means that basin is in the first stage of erosion circle. Geometric numbers values have been shown middle degree (3.219) indicated to erosion activity with middle sever, results of homsopheremetric coefficient explained erosion activity with middle sever , (70%) of basin parts appeared unaffected by erosion and reason here related to hardness of rocks and its severity for resistance processes of erosion. Length section standards of Afi Sarka basin also confirmed that it is still at the beginning of stage and work for most parts of basin

النظام الهيدرولوجي لنهر دجلة في مدينة بغداد واثره في بعض الخصائص الجيومورفولوجية

Author name: مروه عبد السلام محمد
Supervisor name: اسحق صالح العكام
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study examined temporal changes of the Tigris River in the city of Baghdad included hydrological characteristics of the river section length (48 km) extending from the bridge Muthanna, north of Baghdad to the beginning of the confluence of the Tigris River south of Baghdad, Diyala River. Emphasis was placed on the system study hydrology of the river discharge and the level of water and the factors affecting the variability annually and quarterly on a daily basis, it is found that the water discharge of the river rate may disagree a big difference from what it was since the beginning of 1931 until the year 1998 and declined after the water drainage is very large since 1999 2014 has all the features of this period is the dry years, accompanied by a decrease in the water level reached 28 m after it was recorded 29 and 30 m during the previous years. As a result of the low water discharge in the lack of speed of the water current of the Tigris River where it reached the highest rate of speed when Muthanna 1.699 m / s bridge while I found in the south of Baghdad and arrived at the site 1.258 m / s. All of these factors have helped to increase the tonnage of river rates of the weakness of the river energy to transport and disposal, where the annual rate amounted to load outstanding for the year 2013 (29131200 / ton) and the rate of the bottom load for the same year reached (5826240 / ton), and accompanied by a high in concentrations of dissolved load of the river in 2012 and caused back to the Tigris river water pollution. As a result of the high river cargo rates have effect on river islands properties in the stream that have been changed over the years (1985, 2000,2013) in dimensions and forms an area because of the change Algiomorvolgah operations characteristics of the term to the other, and noticed that most of the islands increased area to reach the highest area in in 2013 and some of them turned into a permanent Islands because of the activity and overcome the deposition process of erosion, but did not arrive in the concentration reaches to the point of bifurcation. The results of the study, said the Tigris River in the city of Baghdad with a small decline (almost straight) reached 25 cm per 1 km and has a hydraulic characteristics of semi - regular in the rectum, but thebiggest difference in the other parts, and found to compare cross - sections of the Tigris River for the year 1991 with clips of 2008 The river has seen a significant change in cross - section transverse to become more flatness and few in the presentation of its course with a shallower depth of change in the pattern of erosion and sedimentation in twists river, increasing the sediment that has worked to increase the friction of the clips coefficient reaching friction for the year 2008 the rate is (17.49m), obstruction of traffic flow when the friction rate (2.68m) in the year 1991, all these entry points geomorphological aspects of the Tigris River advanced aging.

منظمة حلف شمال الاطلسي (الناتو) : دراسة تطبيقية في الجغرافية السياسية للمنظمات الدولية == North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) An Applied Study In The Political Geography For International Organizations

Author name: محمد صالح عباس صالح محمد البرزنجي
Supervisor name: عباس غالي داوود الحديثي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لعل ابرز ما تميزت به العلاقات الدولية بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية, هو ظهور المنظمات الدولية الاقتصادية والسياسية والعسكرية..الخ, اذ بدات هذه المنظمات تمارس دورا فاعلا في المسرح العالمي, وما تقوم به من دور المراقبة والمساعدة والحماية على الدول والمجتمعات وص | Perhaps the most prominent characteristic of international relations after World War II , is the emergence of international economic, political and militarily organizations.. , as these organizations began to exercise a role player in the world stage , and what its role of monitoring and assistance and protection to the State and society down to the individuals , which make every effort to maintain the integrity of the global system , and provide assistance to states that request help economically , politically , militarily , health... etc. Based on these advantages enjoyed by international organizations, the study focused on international organizations in general and the North Atlantic Treaty organization (NATO) of geopolitical particular perspective, to review what international organizations and how the origins and what are the reasons for the emergence of these organizations, to assess the importance of the role that could be played by these organizations in New world system. And therefore it conducted a study on the North Atlantic Treaty Organization of the international organizations, in terms of starch composition and structure, and the strategy that control the movements of this organization and the role they can play in the global system, and the Arab world of the importance of geopolitical for the NATO organization The birth of the North Treaty Organization NATO is nothing but Europe delivery to the US administration for fear of Soviet attack on Europe and dominate them, Indeed, and through NATO the United States gained control of the European security , militarily , economically and culturally , and followed an expansionary policy by including the largest number of countries NATO in the dome for the purpose of encircling the Soviets and cut their expansion. And it was almost a successful operation for the United States in this trend. where NATO organization after ending the threat towards the eastern Arab world drawn attention expansive and as a way easier to get to the throne of world government. While the wild theory for each of the (Mackinder Speakman), is the primary reference for the US strategy in the heart encircling the ground, to go to the construction of military alliances and to complete the encirclement of Russia and prevent them from ideological and military expansion. Therefore, this study was divided into several chapters, the first chapter came to dealing with the theoretical framework on the study plan, while the second chapter dealing with international organizations in general, and the third chapter the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, in particular, in terms of starch composition and evolution over time, either in Chapter IV study has focused on the importance of the Arab world for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The study reached several conclusions including : become international organizations (global and regional), take the roles of not less than the roles of other actors function (states), in terms of impact on the lives of the world order, and the number of these organizations are growing very quickly and the different kinds. The study also proved that the emergence of NATO global actor manages crises and intervene in issues concerning the security of its members, and it has already been able to Shell Soviet expansionist movement, and has become a geopolitical force unlike any other in the world.

التنوع الاثني في جمهورية افريقيا الوسطى : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == He Role Of The Ethnic Groups In Central African Republic A Study In Political Science

Author name: محاسن جلوب وسمي
Supervisor name: عطا الله سليمان راهي الحديثي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الدراسة الى تحليل اثر التنوع الاثني لجمهورية افريقيا الوسطى ودوره في البنية السياسية عبر دراسة المعطيات التاريخية والمقومات الطبيعية والبشرية التي ادت الى ظهور ذلك التنوع ومن ثم بيان اثر هذا التنوع على امن واستقرار الدولة.طرحت الدراسة مشكلة التنوع ا | The study aims at analyzing the effect of the ethnic diversity in the Central African Republic and its role in the political structure through the study of the historical data, natural and human resources, which led to the appearance of that diversity. The study then shows the impact of this diversity on the security and stability of the state.The study discusses the problem of the ethnic diversity in Central African Republic and the impact of this problem on the ethnic extension in the neighboring countries. It also provides a clarification for the impact of the ethnic conflict on the political , economic, and social aspects of the state, especially with the different point of view of the modern African state for this multi ethic reality, whether accepting and approving this reality as legitimate, or in terms of rejecting it and refusing to acknowledging as a structural reality, which distinguishes the society, or the state attempt to jump over this fact and replace it with its central perspective. Geographical data led to both positive and negative an influential role in the multi - ethnic. Due to the location of the Central African Republic which is hermit in the heart of Africa, a continent away from the water canals caused different geographical difficulties in trade and contacts with outside world, also, the lack of a population which consists of three ethnicities who are Negroes Sudanese, Bantu and Dwarfs, which not commensurate with the size and wealth of the republic.The Republic of Central African is characterized by a huge cultural and ethnic diversity led to increase in languages and accent number , multiplicity of religions, Customs and traditions differences. This ethnic diversity Sort ethnic conflicts between the population as a results to the pluralistic nature of the society, economic and political factors and the role of international forces and regional powers in applied of such conflicts in favor of the colonial interests. Civil wars produced many negative results such as collapse of the state and undermined and the phenomenon of coups and political violence and sectarian phenomenon of refugees and the recruitment of children in armed conflict.The study also contained an explanatory maps and also a set of tables and charts, the study used the multiple and diverse sources in order to reach satisfactory results gain Acceptance of people with science and knowledge

اثر تغير المناخ في تغير مساحات الاهوار جنوب العراق (الناصرية - البصرة - العمارة) == The Impact Of Climate Change In The Areas Of Marshes In Southern Of Iraq Nasiriya, Basrah, Omara

Author name: مجيد حسين خضير الركابي
Supervisor name: يوسف محمد علي حاتم الهذال | سامي عزيز عباس العتبي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هذه الدراسة (اثر تغير المناخ في تغير مساحات الاهوار جنوب العراق (الناصرية، العمارة، البصرة) هي دراسة في علم المناخ التطبيقي (Applied Clomatology) اظهرت وجود تغير مناخي واضح في عناصر المناخ وظاهرة الغبار من خلال الاوساط المتحركة، والسلاسل الزمنية، وتحديد ا | This study concerned with the impact of climate change in the areas of marshes in Southern of Iraq( Nasiriya, Basrah and Omara).Is a study in applied climatology), showed the existence of clear climate change and dust phenomenon via the moving media and time series, and specifying the general trend and thorough statistic equitation, showed the existence of (C.V) between pre - drying period of marshes and after that , where it has been chosen Al - Nasiriya , Basrah and Omara) to represent the marshes state to follow - up their effects on the water climate balance , and studying the nature resources and water in come for Tigris and Euphrates rivers , also specifying time period ( 1941 - 2013) and analyzing them by quantities statistic, the study showed the existence of trend towards decline in number of solar radiation hours for all stations and showed the existence of clear indicators towards increasing mean air temperature and maximum and minimum temperatures especially after marshes drying , and wind speed are contrasted , in Nasriyah station trend towards decline clearly , and in Omara station , as for Basrah station trends towards increase and relative humidity towards decline in all stations , and Evaporation is also increased and variation the rain fall quantities where it declined in Basrah and Nasirya and increased in Omara station as for dust phenomenon where dust storm decreased and rising dust, decreased in Nasiriaya and Omara and increased in Basrh, and clear increase in the suspended dust in Nasirya and Basrah station , and more in Omara station. It has been use BANMAN - MONTETH depended by ( W.F.A.O) which depended on active rain and Evaporation, a clear change has occurred and all the station suffer from permanent deficit and time and special variation in the study area , and in spite of the permanent deficit , but, there was time and space variation , in Nasriya station trends towards decreased in Evaporation , while Basrah station towards increasing , coincidence with temperature increase and wind speed , as for Omara, which differed from the two station and there existed time variance at months levels and all the stations suffer from permanent deficit in climate water balance. The study shows the presence of development in Marshes refreshment process and the water in come from Tigris and The Euphrates has its effect on the inundated area and 1973 was depended as basic year for the required area which 8350 Km2, dried to reach less than 1000 Km 2, between(1990 - 2002) and re - back inundation an area of 3536 Km2 at the end 2013, of inundation (64%) of the qualified inundation area amounted 5560Km2 , and excluded an area 2790Km2, for the difficulty of restoring it to utilize it for agriculture and oil wells or disagreement of the its population to inundate them, we could say that , the climate change indicators in climate elements, reflected negatively on processes of refreshment marshes, where the effect appeared clearly on the study area.

التنافس التركي - الايراني المعاصر في منطقة المشرق العربي : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Turkish - Iranian Competition Contemporary In The Levant Arabic Study In The Geography Political

Author name: ماجد صدام سالم
Supervisor name: غالب ناصر عبد العزيز السعدون
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى معرفة المقومات الجغرافية المتميزة لمنطقة المشرق العربي، التي بدورها كانت محركا للتنافس بين تركيا وايران، التنافس من اجل المصالح السياسية والاقتصادية للدولتين، ولمجموعة من القوى الدولية والاقليمية الاخرى. تحاول فيها كل من تركيا وايران | This study aims to find out the ingredients geographical outstanding Levant region, which in turn was the engine of competition between Turkey and Iran, the competition, which was the political and economic interests of the two countries, and a range of international and regional powers other, and trying to Turkey and Iran, according to a specific strategy and using the tactics of political, economic and military, to get to purpose in influence and domination on the capabilities of the Levant region. Given the decline in the capacity of countries in the region, especially after the invasion of Iraq and the destruction of infrastructure by the United States and its allies, was the influence of Turkey and Iran, evident in a number of Arab countries, adding to the region's problems as a result of projects and strategies pursued by the two countries, and seeks to achieve targets in the Levant region during the period (2003 - 2013). Because of the comprehensiveness of the study and addressed to several aspects of the researcher as well as the need for scrutiny and analysis and linkage between variables geopolitical political, social, economic, and at all levels including international, regional and local alike. The study has adopted a set of scientific methods in a way serving the progress of the search, and fits the presentation and analysis of information and data that are available from their original sources, including the approach to the analysis of power and function - based approach. It has tried researcher where review the ingredients geographical stimulated those forces to compete geographic location, and the nature of the demographics varied (national and religious) which gave some of them area of influence in the equation of the rivalry between the two countries, as well as economic resources and especially energy resources, which were and still constitute one axes of competition between regional and international powers. It was the potential geopolitical in both the rivals contribute to play a major role in increasing the intensity of competition between them, the mere study of this potential and power factors in their possession, leading to the conclusion that the phenomenon of competition were normal between them, in terms of the status of the site geostrategic and hand human capacity populated ones, and economic well the nature of the political systems and military capabilities, and in turn, was the phenomenon of competition of strength and clear - cut between the two sides in many areas in the countries of the Levant region, through variables geopolitical, which stimulated this competition , which stimulated this competition, which does not exclude that the region is not just an arena for competition, but were often active a significant increase in the severity and impact of the peoples of the two countries and parties and regimes in the countries of the Levant region, the fact that these countries have encouraged some of the parties to enter the arena of competition and objected to the role of other parties. Followed Turkey and Iran, an economic policy aimed at achieving economic development within their respective countries, particularly Turkey, in addition to maintaining political stability and security there, and they encourage the countries of the region in economic cooperation with them, to achieve their interests in addition to that he attracts Arab and foreign investments into its territory. The rise Turkey as a regional power in the region is that Turkey offers a model to maintain a balance in its relations with the international and regional powers other than through the axis of moderate Arab and Islamic world, and this applies to the relationship with Israel, and with some countries in the Levant region. As for Iran, it has assumed the management of Axis anti - American policies in the region, and the support systems and movements, such as the Syrian regime and Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Palestine and the Houthis in Yemen and loyalists in Bahrain. Has been formed so kind of new Cold War through this competition has strengthened competition happening between Turkey and Iran, the impact of an actor for some of the movements and parties, and to challenge the central authority in the Levant, and the establishment of group's armed organization enjoys a high degree of autonomy. The study found that the regional rivalry between Turkey and Iran will be in the future on the Levant region, in the three future scenarios determine the type of that relationship, the cooperation between the two countries, or a continuation of the rivalry between them, or the evolution of the occurrence of conflict, and eventually the survival and continued to compete for the next twenty years We discussed the outcome of this scenario is the most investigated. The study recommends that researchers need to conduct further studies and research on the area of the Levant in the next stage, in the light of the transformations taking place in the Arab region (Arab revolutions) to the presence of some of the participants between the countries of the Levant region and the rest of the world

التحليل المكاني للانفاق العسكري لدول الشرق الاوسط للمدة (1988 - 2015) == Spatial Analysis Of Middle Eastern Countries' Military Expenditure (1988 - 2015)

Author name: كرار احمد عطية نعمة
Supervisor name: بشار محمد عويد القيسي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: جاءت الدراسة الموسومة بـ ( التحليل المكاني للانفاق العسكري لدول الشرق الاوسط) لمعرفة ما هو الانفاق العسكري وما اثر تلك النفقات على منطقة الشرق الاوسط بصورة عامة ودوله بصورة خاصة وطبيعة التباين في النفقات العسكرية بين تلك الدول واسباب هذا التباين خصوصا بعد | The study, entitled (Spatial Analysis of Middle Eastern Countries' Military Expenditure), is an attempt to find out what is meant by military expenditure, its effect on the Middle East, in general, and particularly the countries in this area, the nature of the differences in military expenditure among these countries and reasons behind these differences. This expenditure lately witnessed a remarkable increase; however most of these countries are developing and suffering from several economic and developmental problems. In this study, the researcher discusses the concepts of military expenditure and Middle East. The most prominent concepts, differences among these concepts and reasons behind differences among researchers concerning these concepts, were discussed. Besides, most the prominent geographical characteristics of the Middle East which serve the subject, concerning position, area and strategic importance of the area were tackled. The study also mentions world military expenditure by billions of dollars out of the gross domestic product, the most world countries spending on military sectors, among which were many countries from the Middle East. The researcher also discusses military expenditure for each continent and differences in such expenditure among continents. After that, military expenditure in the Middle East, in general, in million dollars, gross domestic product of each country were discussed to show the nature and extent of military expenditure of world, Middle East and each country separately. Then, the extent of military expenditure of each country in the Middle East, nature of differences and most profitable countries and companies from this expenditure were discussed. The researcher tried to mention the most prominent reasons behind such a difference in military expenditure and reasons led countries of the Middle East to resort to such a high level military expenditure. Then he tried to study the most important effects of such military expenditure (positive and negative effects), as well as clarify the future of military expenditure in the Middle East.

هجرة الكفاءات العربية : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Arab Efficiencies Immigration - A Study In Political Geography

Author name: قاسم عبد علي عذيب البهادلي
Supervisor name: عباس غالي داوود الحديثي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تكتسب هذه الدراسة اهميتها من موضوعها المتمثل بهجرة الكفاءات العربية (دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية (التي اخذت تحوز على اهتمام السياسيين والاقتصاديين والاجتماعيين منذ ستينيات القرن الماضي ولحد الان، بسبب تزايد اعداد الكفاءات العربية المهاجرة بشكل كبير جدا، | The political geography is concerned with the study of human phenomena of spatial dimension, thus this study acquires its significance from the topic represented by the political geographical dimensions of the immigration of Arab efficiencies which occupies the interest of politicians, economists and socialists since the sixties of the past century and till now, due to the increasing number of the immigrated Arab efficiencies so greatly, and with different patterns, forms and trends reflecting the circumstances called for this efficiencies immigration from the suburbs to the world capital center which worked at preparing the retardation factors in the Arab countries, for it created a expellant environment on one hand and found strong attracting factors on the other hand, which helped in creating strong currents of immigrating Arab efficiencies extending from the Arab East and Maghrib countries to the western countries at the Atlantic and Australian coasts. It seems that the colonial dependency and the economic and political relations have a clear role in the prominence of such trends of immigration which led the Arab countries to incur gross losses due to their efficiencies immigration for the importance of scientific efficiencies in the power of Arab countries and their national security, as well as their contribution in achieving the economic and social development and the loss caused by their immigration to the Arab countries scientifically and technologically, especially the efficiencies immigration is considered one of the dangerous problems suffered by the Arab countries in general, because the efficiencies immigration has contributed in the processes of scientific and technological development and progress of industrial States, and then the expansion of imbalance state in power potentialities and the increase of variance between the Arab countries expelling the efficiencies and the industrial States polarizing them, which means independency continuity of the Arab countries to the Developed countries in many domains, making them circle in their political, security and economic orbit. The West worked at sustaining the circumstances that make the immigration currents of Arab efficiencies continue towards it due to its urgent need for them; therefore all data refers to the continuity of Arab efficiencies immigration in the next years due to the continuity of the impetus factors existence more effectively than ever, with the nonexistence of an effective Arab strategy limits or stops the immigration of efficiencies or works at restoring the immigrant Arab efficiencies.

الاهمية الجيوبولتيكية لشبه جزيرة القرم في الامن القومي الروسي == The Geopolitical Importance Of The Peninsula Of Crimea To The Russian National Security

Author name: فيحاء كامل عباس الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: عطا الله سليمان راهي الحديثي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Russian strategy has long concentrated on the issue of the national security, particularly post to the new changes of the dissociation of the Soviet Union in 1991, the end of the cold war, and the recession of the Russian existence from the warm waters of the Back Sea. Furthermore, Russia withdrew as the capital for the benefit of Moscow, which is closer to the borders with countries nearer to the European countries, which emerged after the Soviet Union dissolution. Many of those countries became part of the NATO and European Union, when Ukraine became the separating country between Russia and allies of NATO, near Europe, as well as the USA which all did their best to attract Ukraine to its international space. All these new changes established the new beginning of a new phase in the Russian strategies, that worked seriously to prevent Ukraine from joining the NATO. The process of the Russian political decision making repressed then by reshaping the Russian strategic goals, and regaining its role as a former superpower,reestablishing its international status in a multipolar world to be one of them.In order to reach objective results, the current study the Russian elements of power and its geopolitical importance and the extant of its influence on its internal and external policy. The study shows that what Russia enjoys of its location grants it a geopolitical importance, clarified through the geopolitical theories that stressed such a fortified location. In addition to the strategic depth that provided it with the ability to reinforced defense. The study also projected the manpower that distinguish Russia despite its suffering from the demographic challenge represented by the decline of population during the last decade of the twentieth century and first decade of the millennium. Despite of the later fact, Russia remained superior to its Asian and European neighboring countries in population except for China. Furthermore, the study points out the Russian economic power, represented by owning the power reserve such as oil and gas, as well as the distinguished pipeline net that extends to the European continent. That is in addition to a powerful and developed military industry, particularly those of military airplanes.The study sheds light on the Russian policy in Eastern Europe and its significance of this area in the geological theories, such as those of Mackinder, Speakman, Safarski, and then Bringenski. These focused on following the strategies before, during, and after the cold war, particularly within this area were these strategies developed with emerge of the new millennium, returning to the international role of Russia that it almost lost post the Soviet Union in 1991.The importance of the Peninsula of Crimea lies in the fact that it represents the main focus of this study due to its geopolitical significance in relation to Russia; since the issue of Crimea became one of most important issues for more than two decades. It was included within Ukraine after 1991, yet after Russia realized its mistake by the haste decision of boarder’s determination between Russia and the neighboring countries of the former Soviet Union, like Ukraine and particularly Crimea due to its important strategic location with the existence of the Russian fleet. The study also points out the significance of the location of Ukraine in relation to Russia as a separating country that can be a soft edge through which NATO, European Union and the USA can penetratetoward vital Russian military political and economic spaces. The study also puts forward a number of scenarios for the future of the area and the role of the Russian policy in it.

مؤشرات التغير المناخي واثرها على زراعة وانتاج الرز في محافظتي النجف والقادسية == The Indicators Of Climate Change And Their Impact On The Agriculture And Production Of Rice In The Governorate Of Najaf And Qadissiya

Author name: غيداء عبد لازم الكعبي
Supervisor name: سلام هاتف احمد الجبوري
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The phenomenon of climate change is a universal one that has local influences for the differences of the nature and sensitivity of the environmental systems in each region. The agricultural activity in the region of the study in general and the agriculture of rice in particular has high sensitivity for climate change. The area of study is arid and depends basically on the water of Euphrates. Therefore, the study has a problem which is the indicators of climate change and their impact on the agriculture and production of rice in the governorate of Najaf and Qadissiya.The answer to this question was supposed that there are indicators in the area of the study in the climate element of the area which shed light on the agriculture of rice and production. In order to reveal these indicators and prove their existence, six climate stations distributed into two are in the area of the study. The record duration has been (1980 - 2012) to represent the general trend of the change indicate in the elements of climate. The climate features of the area of the study in terms of radiation, brightness, heat, pressure, and dust, moisture and rain through the method of average and annual collection of these elements. The objective is to know the nature and distribution all year long. Then, we will be comparing with the climate and the production of rice, the quantitative and cartographic method with their programming techniques that are developed were used in the field of study of the global climatechange. The statistical analysis of the annual average of the previous elements was conducted so as to know the general trend and the annual change. It became clear that the area of the study had its share of the change which occurred in the climate in general and in the climate of Iraq in particular. The indicator show clear indicators of the tendency towards increase and decrease.The results of the study found clear indicates of change in the climate represented in the regular temperature, the maximum and the minimum towards raise in the temperature and decrease of the solar radiation and the hours of brightness, as well as the wind speed. That would lead to the decrease of evaporation and the exudation and the water allocation of rice corps. The general trend of these elements and the extraction of the average annual change of these through the duration of the study in the season of rice growth (May - November Link results have shown in Najaf station and a relationship strong between the amount of production Mahso rice and cultivated area and the maximum temperature was an inverse correlation between production and variables of the actual brightness and wind speed and 65% of the changes in crop production due to these variables But in Diwaniya station show a strong correlation between the amount of production and cultivated area and the actual brightness and maximum temperature was leech inverse correlation between production and relative humidity, and 84% of the changes that have occurred in rice production due to the studied variables in this station

مؤشرات التغير المناخي واثرها في الواقع المائي في محافظة واسط == The Climate Change Indicators And Its Effects On The Water Condition In Wassit Governorate

Author name: عمر حمدان عبد الله الشجيري
Supervisor name: يوسف محمد علي حاتم الهذال
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

التحليل المكاني لاستعمالات الارض التجارية في مدينة بغداد - مركز الرصافة == Spatial Analysis Of Commercial Land Use At Baghdad City /Rusafa Center

Author name: علياء كاطع شلتاغ
Supervisor name: صلاح داود سلمان الزبيدي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الدراسة الى اظهار مستوى استغلال الارض ومدى التوافق بين الامكانات البيئية المتاحة من جانب ومستوى الاستغلال وحجمه ومن حيث نوعيته من جانب اخر. وكذلك الكشف عن مدى تجانس خدمات هذا الاستعمال مع ما متوفر في كل حي من استعمالات وانشطة وظيفية تخدم المدينة. وتح | The study aims to high the level of exploition of the land the compability between envoi mental potential available by the level of expoiltation and the size and quality from the other side. As well as the disclosure of the extent of the homogeneity of services such what is available in every neighourhood uses and functional activities serve the city and determine the degree of funictional efficiency for commercial use in Rusafa center and diagnosis of the important obstacles to career services alead role in the city’s population and its territory service. In order to achieve these gools resorted.researcher had to follow the survey method and analytical extraction of a cheiving these objectives results, So the used three tools for data collection which is the interview with the number of the sample. As well as official directories, and personal observation of researcher through her vist to area issued in addition to a survey directed to tow categories : first shoppers, seconed shopkeepers. The study included Rusafa center which belongs to Baghdad which accounted (200448) people as well as placed at the same section accounted (17927) and because of the huge number , researcher depended in her study to asample which is similar to community. that she took (0.01) rate of the size of shops which accounted (179) commercial shops by stratified proporational of the actual size and (1020) in rate (0.05) of orginal size. The study reached to many results which are : 1 - Rusafa center location played a great role ingrowth of using vommercial for it represents a big part of central commercial area. That what dividend activities and standards maps of all level shop proved and the emergence matching in high activities areas and the standard of area divided on population. 2 - the increasing population in Rusafa and rapid growth happened by natural growth and emigrance left its effect on increasing commercial institutes in all of the area. That increased the commercial use of using lands to make it able to stand the continuous increasing of popu;ation and to respond their commercial services.3 - The difference of level of commercial services qualification in Rusafa because of the difference of area employed with this use during each zone and its location for commercial center and transportation and difference of its number and Kinds which effected its level and role in serving city and territory. Depending on previous results …researcher introduced many recommendations which are : 1 - Making comprehensive planning of using civil lands in Baghdad by specific authorities specially commercial use , that each use takes its place according to town deigns in such away prevent any overtaking of other uses on another areas in order to prevent any demission or error in its dividing all over the town. 2 - Improve reality of commercial seclor by chose right palces inside the neighborhoods to achieve aceessibility for people in land outside the city, take into consideration Residentinal comfort. 3 - Try to lift most of T - Wall in the mains streets and reduce the nimber of check points also unblock roods that connect jown town with other nighborhoods as facility for shoppers. 4 - Move the commercials centers to suburbs Due to limit aCCess inside the city that caused diffenlity of shopping and traffic jam this opposite for the area design which become over loudec on the services and damageal the infrastructure

مؤشرات راحة الانسان في العراق == Indicators Human Comfort In Iraq

Author name: علي خير الله رحيم
Supervisor name: علي عبد الزهرة الوائلي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة "مؤشرات راحة الانسان في العراق" الى دراسة واختبار وتقييم تاثير عناصر المناخ على راحة الانسان في العراق وذلك عن طريق تطبيق مجموعة من القرائن والادلة (درجة الحرارة البيوميتورولوجية،دليل الاجهاد النسبي، دليل التبريد الريحي وغيرها من القرائن | This study aims at "human comfort in Iraq indicators" to study, test and assess the impact of climate elements for human comfort in Iraq, through the application of a set of clues and evidence " degree Albayoumatorologih temperature, temperature guide - THI, relatively stress - proof, wind cooling evidence applied to fifteen long and cycle climatic spread over parts of Iraq weather station (1983 - 2013) and (1941 - 1971) as well as the application of some of the classifications "Trzinj rating, rating Oolijaa added to the application form Albayomnacha scheme Singer "in order to determine comfort levels in Iraq. The human feeling comfortable is a result of the impact of a range of climatic elements collectively or individually and here the study was launched to determine the human Night climatic comfort levels, and day, and the public as well as to identify regions of comfort in Iraq on the basis of the results of the application of evidence and clues. The study found a range of results, including : 1. When applying temperature Albayoumatorologih public show that the climate in most of the stations between mild to warm in the two cycle climatic spread and that caused him to equation mainly used in cold regions.2. through the application of the presumption of cooling wind results were close to reality as it was the winter months (I tend to cold) and hot summer months, the month of May and a representative of the spring nice refreshing in most stations with simple different in November for al mosul and kirkuk stations in the second cycle climatic spread.3. Through the application of climate classifications show the following : (A) classification of public Trzinj cold months are December and January and February in the northern stations (MOSUL - Erbil - Kirkuk - Sulaimaniya) as well as the humid station between cool and slant of the cooler while the all stations in the months from June to July - August, between warm and hot (deadbeat )and the sam worlds applied on sam stations and mounths in the second cycle climatic spread.(B) Classification of public Oolijaa the months May and October in the stations MOSUL - Erbil - Kirkuk is months ideal comfort and located within the comfort zone while the months June, July and August were months lane outside the comfort zone and alternated the remaining months between stations between this and that it was ideal comfort in the months of April and October in all stations except Diwaniyah station which was ideal comfort months April and September, and its applied too on the eights stations who art the second cycle climatic spread. 4. The application of evidence and clues and classifications for the three levels of comfort are the general comfort and convenience of day and night comfort.

قضاء طوز خورماتو : دراسة في الجغرافية الاقليمية == District Of Tuz Khurmatu District Study In Regional Geography

Author name: عذراء طارق خورشيد البياتي
Supervisor name: فخري خلف عبد الله البياتي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى دراسة قضاء طوز خورماتو من خلال دراسة الخصائص الجغرافية الطبيعية والخصائص السكانية، بهدف ابراز شخصيته الجغرافية، والتعرف على امكانات الاقليم الطبيعية والبشرية، لغرض دعم وتوجه جهود التخطيط والتنمية في الاقليم. فضلا عن دراسة الانشطة الا | This study aims to examine the Tuz Khurmatu through the study of the natural geographical characteristics and demographic characteristics, in order to highlight the geographical character, and to identify the potential of the region of natural and human, for the purpose of supporting and directed the planning and development efforts in the region. As well as the study of the economic activities. Tooz District enjoys an important strategic location, as it is located in the northeastern part of Iraq, and the region is a link between the northern and southern Iraq, linked administratively Salahuddin province occupies a site oriental ones, and Koreans from the capital, Baghdad. Bounded on the north province of Kirkuk, on the east by the province of Sulaymaniyah, Diyala province to the south, and west eliminate the administrative role of the province of Salahuddin. The occurrence between the Territory and semi - mountainous region spate easy to have made him a bridge, road President (Baghdad - Kirkuk) passes the status of the judiciary, and is the first hub to connect the northern and north - eastern provincial capital of Baghdad. Because it takes place within the semi undulating areas where the ground has varied manifestations, and the decline of the surface from the east towards the west, and the north - east to south - west, has approved the distribution of human settlements served with this decline, it is concentrated in the central parts of the judiciary. The climate is classified within the semi - arid climate, which is characterized by short - duration rainfall precipitation with separate short mild winters, and the separation of the long dry summer. Water sources and it is mainly rain and ranging (200 - 300) mm per year ", and surface water of the River Tuz Jay, as well as" on the project Allarroaii Rey Kirkuk, and groundwater, which are of great importance in the study area. The study examined the evolution of the number of population and population growth during the period (1977 - 2012), shows that the judiciary is at high growth rate (3%), the study examined the general productivity of the population density, the first recorded a rise streak during the period (1997 - 2012) as a result of the increase in population with the stability of the judiciary area. While the second fell, reaching (0.28 persons / acre), because of the breadth of the arable land area, which indicates that the population of Aachklon pressure on agricultural land, and can accommodate future population growth. The Tooz District of agricultural area with large areas, amounting to arable land area (622 713 acres), and accounted for (67.2%) of the total size of (926 400 acres). It is clear from the relative importance of industrial activity The construction industry accounted for first place, and extractive industries ranked second, is the territory of the study area is an important reservoir of raw materials (gravel, sand, limestone, oil, gypsum, salt), which have a significant impact on the many Mining and construction industries in the region. The study came out a range of outcomes, including : - Tooz District has a variety of developmental potential is an important spatial development of an anchor, particularly natural and economic resources of mineral wealth and arable land, and that could pose an anchor developmentally whatever can contribute in promoting development in the region levels, but the investment that potential level is still below the required level

كــــفاءة النقل الاقليمي لطريقي بغداد - سامراء, وبغداد - كربلاء : دراسة مقارنة == Regional Transport Efficiency For Roads Baghdad - Samarra, And Baghdad - Karbala

Author name: عبد الستار عبود كاظم
Supervisor name: بشير ابراهيم الطيف الدايني | جمال حامد رشيد
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ارتكزت الدراسة على المشكلة الرئيسة التي مفادها,(( هل يوجد تباين مكاني في كفاءة النقل الاقليمي بين طريقي بغداد ــ سامراء, وبغداد ــ كربلاء ؟ )), وتتجسد هذه المشكلة بمشكلات اخرى ثانوية, لتتم الدراسة والبحث عن واقع حال الطريقين والمشكلات التي تواجه النقل الب | The Study is based on the main problem that, ((Is there a spatial variation where I am in the regional transport efficiency between the two Roads Baghdad - Samarra and Baghdad - Karbala)), this problem is embodied with other secondary problems to be the study, and the search for the reality of the roads, and the problems facing the transport land on the paved roads in the study area.The study was conducted and research in problems to achieve health hypothesis, developed by the researcher, and has already been confirmed the hypothesis according to which, ((There is variation where I am in the regional transport efficiency between my way of Baghdad, Samarra and Baghdad, Karbala)), the study showed that the efficiency of the roads do not elevate to the size of the optimal use, in terms of the flow of traffic, easy access, and efficiency of road services, and even the furniture which is one of the basics of roads lacking the study area. And the inability of the two roads to accommodate the traffic momentum generated by the rise in the number of vehicles, it has been shown from the field study the high volume of traffic in both ways more than the designed capacity of the network, and the problem is during the morning rush of ordinary days. The daily traffic rate for vehicles arrived on the road to Samarra (28120) vehicle, which offset (33330) passengers. But the way of Karbala, the daily traffic rate which reached (41080) vehicle, which offset (89795) passengers.The divergence indicator has reached 113 km road to Samarra, and 122 km of road Karbala, and the closer the index is (100) was an indication that the road is close to a straight line, for easy access.The field study has proved that there is variation where I am between the two roads, in the volume of services, and furnishing, and absorptive capacity, and the density of traffic, and here outdone by Baghdad - Karbala, and Baghdad - Samarra by these qualities, but the intensity of use of the road with this large number of vehicles and passengers , reduces the efficiency of the use of the road, and thus the increase in traffic is not commensurate with the capacity design of the road, which entails several negative things, the most important of which (frequent congestion, traffic jams, slow vehicle traffic, and the length of time it takes for the trip, and increased pollution, and poor services ), and other things, which generates a severe strain on the infrastructure of the road, and it is capable of upgrading its services in providing optimal image to suit the size and optimal use.And not through Samarra best off by Karbala. Besides the intensity of use of the road, especially pregnancy vehicles vie with small vehicles, deterioration and neglect, which hit the road, and poor pavement, and free most of the way sections of the protective fences, poor services, and many other things, made the road is unable to provide its services according to what is commensurate with the size rating enjoyed by (Amain Road), in order to live up to the optimum level in the transport service.In conclusion, the study concluded with the findings and recommendations as it deems researcher solutions to transport problems in the study area

التباين المكاني للوفيات المسجلة في محافظة واسط == The Spatial Variation For Recorded Deaths In The Province Of Wasit

Author name: صباح وهب عبد الله العتابي
Supervisor name: صلاح محسن جاسم
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتضح اهمية دراسة الوفيات من كونها عنصرا مهما من عناصر النمو السكاني، فضلا عن كونها عاملا مؤثرا في تركيب السكان. وتتجلى اهمية هذه الدراسة من انها تبين حقائق عن المتوفين من حيث حجم الوفيات ومعدلاتها وخصائص المتوفين واسباب الوفاة، فضلا عن التوزيع الزماني وال | The importance of studying deaths is indicated as one of the important factors of population growth. Moreover, it is an influential factor in the structure of population. The importance of this study is notable as it identifies the truths of deaths with regard to the size of deaths, rates, characteristics, reasons of death, timeframe, and place within the study site. This research aims at studying the spatial variation of recorded deaths within the administrative boarders of the Province of Wasit. The data were collected from the deaths records at the Health Office and its centers in the Province of Wasit , the population statistics for the years of 1987 - 1997, and the population estimations for the year of 2012. This study consists of four chapters. The first chapter consists of two parts, where the first part discusses the population growth and the rate of population growth, as it changes from year to year, in the Province of Wasit. The second part focuses on studying the structure of population with regard to gender and age. Chapter two discusses the deaths numbers (raw deaths rate, quality deaths rate, age deaths rate, infants’ deaths rate, and mothers’ deaths). It shows that the raw deaths rate decreased in the study site within Iraq. The study also shows that the men deaths rate is higher than the women deaths rate between the years (1987 - 2012). The age deaths of 65 years were higher than the other ages. The ages of (10 - 14) years were the lower. It also shows that the infants’ death rate decreased in the districts centers and increased in the suburbs. It also shows that mothers’ deaths decreased. Chapter three illustrates the main reasons of deaths and it consists of two parts. Part one discusses the “deaths because of diseases” where it shows the reasons of death changes from the contiguous and epidemic diseases to the modern diseases such as cancer, blood and circulation system diseases. Part two discusses the “deaths because of accidents” where cars and shooting increased significantly. The accidents differ based on the types and the seasons of the year. Chapter four focuses on several factors such as natural, human, self, and behavioral that have an effect on the increasing rate of deaths in the study site. This study depended on some statistical techniques to find the relation between the natural and human factors and the raw deaths rate. It also studied the suicide phenomenon in the study site and its role in increasing the deaths rate as one of the self and behavioral factors.

المياه الجوفية في محافظة واسط وسبل استثمارها == Groundwater In Wasit Province And Ways Of Its Investment

Author name: شيماء مهدي شريف اخشيف
Supervisor name: صباح عبود عاتي الخزعلي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis entitled (The Groundwater in The Governorate of Wasit and It's methods of Investment). The region is located in the middle part of Iraq, which occupies the North East part of the flood plain between the latitudes (33.30 - 31.40) north and the longitudes (46.30 - 44.30) east. The aim of the thesis is to contrast the physical and chemical properties of the Groundwater in the region under study. Geologically the region is located within two ranges, which are the flood plain range and the feed and the mountains ranges represent the central and outer units of the unstable pavement of the Nubian Arabian plate influenced by the regional structural movement, unfolding in the region the depositions of the triple and Quaternary Era, the depositions of the triple Era represent the formation of (Al - Fathaa, Anyanh, Al - Muqdadiyah, and Bai Hassan). As for the depositions of the Quaternary Era, they represent the depositions of Holocene and Pleistocene. Hydrologically, it showed through calculating the climatic water balance in the region under study, that there are water deficit along the months of the year in all the terminals due to the high temperatures and the lack of rainfall accompanied by an increase in evaporation - transpiration. The study showed the general properties of the wells water and that most of the depths of the wells were more than 60 meters, as for the fixed water levels it ranged between (30 - D) meters. There were 16 wells with fixed water levels. Which ranged between (9.9 - D) meters, while the moving water levels range between (37 - 0) meters, and the moving water levels of 12 wells ranged between (0 - 9.9 ) meters, as for the productivity, it ranged between (10 - 2) Liter/second, and most of the production of the wells ranged between (5.9 - 4) Liter/second. Due to the fact that the wells are located in the east of the region under study, so their development lies only the areas in which the wells are centered which represent the region of (Zurbatiyah, Badra and Sheikh Saad), the laboratory results showed that most of the wells in the region under study are suitable for the irrigation of the agriculture lands, as their total needs of water reached (89929170) merter3/year, followed by the suitability of water to irrigated animals as the total needs of water reached (1195981) merter3/year. As most of the water of the wells are suitable of watering animals, as for the water of the wells varies in their suitability for drinking, it showed that half of the water of the wells are drinkable and the other half needs desalination and filtering, as the total annual consumption of drinking water reached (2939172) merter3/year.

تاثيـر العشوائيات في الوظيـفة السكنيـة لوحدة بلدية بغداد الجديدة == Affect The Slums Of Residential Function Unit Municipal Of New Baghdad

Author name: شيماء رزاق فاضل عبد الله
Supervisor name: رفل ابراهيم طالب
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد العشوائيات موضوعا خصبا لكثير من الدراسات ومنها الدراسات الجغرافية، لكونها تمثل احد اهم المشاكل التي تواجه المدن في الوقت الحاضر وتؤثر سلبا في وظائفها المختلفة، من هنا جاءت هذه الدراسة في جغرافية المدن لتسلط الضوء على تاثير العشوائيات في الوظيفة السكني | Slums are a fertile subject for many studies, geographical studies, because they represent one of the most important problems facing the city at the present time and adversely affect its various functions, From here came this study in Urban Geography to shed light on the effect of the slums in the job of residential unit for the new mayor of Baghdad , where the focus phenomenon and one of the most mind municipalities contain the city of Baghdad slums, This is in four chapters addressing the first chapter of the foundation geographic characteristics of natural and anthropogenic and its role in directing the study area about population growth and urbanization, which resulting in many problems most notably problem of the study was one of the most important problems of housing ,Which necessitated the second chapter in the study of installation use of residential and stand on the most important characteristics and problems and the extent of its ability to absorb the phenomenon of slums, Which is revealed through the study in the third chapter for the clarity of its features and capacity of the space that it occupies in excess of the original area of the housing planned , And what constitutes a third of the population , households and residential units in the study area , adding to the burden of job of residential experiencing deficiencies in many aspects , came fourth chapter connects the second chapter third and Laud over the impact that the slums in use of residential , which reflected negatively on the performance of the function of residential of the study area , Accredited to clarify that a set of tables and statistical technology, maps graphic formats to highlight the phenomenon and clarify larger , and finally exited the study a set of conclusions and recommendations have appropriate a contribution in containing and remedy the problem or minimize the effects of current and future

التحليل المكاني لصناعة المشروبات الغازية في محافظة بغداد == The Spatial Analysis Of Carbonized Drink Industry In Baghdad Governorate

Author name: شيماء حسين صالح العبيدي
Supervisor name: عمران بندر مراد الربيعي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد صناعة المشروبات الغازية فرعا من فروع الصناعات الغذائية المهمة الواسعة الانتشار محليا وعالميا، ولها تقنيات محددة ومتطورة، وبالنظر الى اتساع اسواقها وكونها تستهلك من قبل طبقات المجتمع كافة، ومن مختلف الفئات العمرية ؛ فانها شهدت اهتماما كبيرا لز | The industry of carbonized drink is an offshoot of the food industry which is widespread locally and internationally. For the expansion of their market and as they are consumed by the whole class of society of various age portions, they got the great attention for the increase of the production and quality improvement. They got the attention of the governments, companies and scientific centers of research, and penetrate the world trade markets in spite of the features the limit their validity like the size and the economic feasibility for long distance transportation. The study reveals the problem which is posed as following : has the industry of carbonized drink in Baghdad achieved success since its establishment until the present time in the industrial and economic fields? What are the geographic factors (natural or human) affecting the points of the settlement of the spatial destruction? The hypothesis of the study which is based on the carbonized drink industry is one of the industries that achieve clear success in quantity of production. In addition to the effect of the natural factors represented in the availability of water resources, which is the basic raw material of the production of carbonized drink, as well as the availability of human sources which is responsible for achieving the internal and external surplus. The study is concerned with the carbonized drink industry in the Baghdad for the year 2013 which is he base year on which the data collecting and field study depended. Therefore, it was clear that the number of carbonized drink plant is 8 in the area of study employing 1536 workers. The study came to a number of findings the most important of which is that it began in the year 1950. Also, the study concludes that the governorate possesses the natural elements (lad, climate, water sources) and human and economic elements (capital, raw materials, working hands, fuel and energy, transportation and market). These spatial factors varied in their efficiency in effecting the settlement and distribution of carbonized drink temporally and spatially. The factor of demand has the clearest influence in the production of carbonized drink and the fluctuating nature of producing in summer and winter season as it increase in the former season and decrease in the latter. There are plants whose production lines are worn - out and poorly maintained. The production cost is considered as high in Iraq in general and the governorate in particular causing poor competitiveness with the imported production and the limitation of the profit margin that prevents the owners of the carbonized drink plants from developing and updating the production lines and keeping up with the advanced technology. It has become clear through the quantitative analysis that the area of study possesses big amounts of capitals that are capable of funding the carbonized drink industry in addition to the availability of raw materials in a big extent. That encouraged these industries in the area of study that it affected the emergence of numerous problems like the raw materials, fuel, working hands and market. In addition to the environmental and health effects which led to the contamination of the regions near the carbonized drink plants in air, water and soil.
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