Author name:
احمد سميسم علاوي الطوكي
Supervisor name:
عبد الباقي بدر ناصر الخزرجي
Abstract:
الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على اشرف المرسلين وخير الخلق اجمعين محمد خاتم النبيين وعلى اله الاخيار المنتجبين، واللعنة الدائمة على اعدائهم من الاولين والاخرين الى قيام يوم الدين. تعد الدراسة حول ادبيات الامام الحسين(عليه السلام) من | To study the literature of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) is considered one of the richest academic studies due to its linguistic , literary and human richness which enables researchers to sail with holiness sails in the niche which was and still is appreciated and reverenced by all religions and nations. The journey in the stylistics of argumentation in Imam Hussein's prose (peace be upon him) falls into an introduction , three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction presents different critical approaches (semiotic, deconstructuralism structuralism , cultural interactive reception approach ) touching upon the stylistic approach which is used in this study. Argumentation was handled in the past and present touching upon the most important theorists (Perlman, Dikro). Then , the study tackles Imam Hussein's argumentation reference (peace be upon him) , and the relationship of argumentation with the title of the study explaining that the study is stylistic rather than argumentative. The first chapter is “ The Voice Level “. It includes four sections : the first one is “ Repetition ” which is about the types of repetition of letters , articles and utterances ; in addition , it touches upon the rhythmic level. The second section handles “ Alliteration “ which is one of the most important internal music elements that give the text a rhythm which is received by recipients attractively and interestingly since rhythm strongly draws attention. Alliteration is reflected in the Husseini discourse with different levels as it comes to a full alliteration for one time , incomplete alliteration for three times : twice which are subsequent and once which is present , incomplete alliteration ( of Mutraf type ) is mentioned three times. The third section is about alliteration which is one of the major types closely linked to prose. It is considered a basic indicator in the Husseini discourses structure, endowing it with a rhythmic energy which have a substantial impact on the recipient. The fourth section is concerned with the “ hidden rhythms “ which relies on recipient reaction ; four examples have been chosen : surprise rhythm, the rhythm of silence, the conscience and the rhythm of idea.The second chapter touches upon the structural level ; it is a reading related to the structure of the language ; i.e., the syntax of a sentence is structurally linked to its syntactic indication. The relationship between meaning and structure is an overlapping relationship. The chapter falls into four sections. The first section handles interrogation addressing the concept , the tools and the words appearing in this section (hamza, ma , hal , keifa , ein ). The start is with hamza being the most widely used. The second section is entitled “Condition” which gives conditional sentence the possibility of communication with the recipient producing , in the text , a suggestive high - energy , adding semantic light and attracting the recipient to the producer. The tools frequently recurrent in Imam Hussein's texts are : In, Man , Low , Idha , Lowla) ان , من , لو , اذا , لولا ). These tools have a significant presence in the product of lamam Hussein (peace be upon him), giving a remarkable stylistic feature.The third section is Al - Nahy Style “Prohibitive style”. This style or approach suggests a self orientation resulted from a psychological conflict concerning the prohibited demand or target and how to respond to it relying on the will of the person and the extent of his/her awareness of the importance of the demand or the target which gives the text an atmosphere of tension felt by the receiver who will be aware of the mental impact in text.The fourth section handles Command style.This section is arranged according to the figurative purposes of this style in accordance with the sequence of its recurrence in the texts (advice and guidance, absence of constraints, humiliation and degradation, honor). Chapter III studies semantic level which is one of the important fields that are concerned with exploring the semantic changes resulting in uncommon deviation in language, searching new images which enriches the text with semantic meanings. This chapter focuses on the semantic relationships which heavily affect the process of transforming significance and changing meanings. The chapter falls into four sections. The first section is “ The Structure of Similarity “ as it is one of the most important methods to evaluate and determine the sense and diagnose the meaning in the context. Through similarity relationships , a creator combine his/her emotions with their similar ones in the external reality.The second section is the “ Neighboring Structure “. This type of structure acquires its significance from the semantic texture when it deliberately drifts getting the creative text from familiarity area to the area of recipients.The third section is “ Exchange Structure “ which is fulfilled in the metaphor movement between the sensory objects and their implications creating relations which surprise recipients , paving the way for two different graphic scene which would not have been accomplished without the splendor of the exciting Functions.The fourth section is “ Antagonism Structure “. The most important implications of this concept , as a stylistic feature since it belongs to the figures of speech , is producing contrast depending on the creation of an idea matched with another idea, something visible containing something hidden. Contradicting dualism is considered an important pillar of rhetoric and , at the same time , a linguistic structure of language influential in creating realistic visions
