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التمثيل الخرائطي لمظاهر التصحر في محافظة البصرة باستخدام تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية Cartographic Representation Of Aspects Of Desertification For Basrah Governorate Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems Technology

اسم المؤلف: عمار عبد الرحيم حسين المندلاوي
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر حسن عداي كرم الله
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2015
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: اعتمدت الدراسة تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد (R.S) ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) في تمثيل مظاهر التصحر في محافظة البصرة على مدى الاربعين سنة الماضية (1973 - 2013)، ومحافظة البصرة من المحافظات العراقية ذات الاهمية الاستراتيجية، تقع جنوب العراق بين دائــرتـي عرض(2 | The study deals with the Remote Sensing techniques and Geographic Information System (GIS) in the representation of the manifistications of desertification in Basra province through the last forty years (1973 - 2013). of course , Basra province has an important strategic location amang other Iraqi province , for its situation is between latitudes (29? 6? 21? &31? 16? 45?) north and longitudes (46? 43? 33? &48? 37? 31?)to the east rond (17700 km2). As it includes wide plane lands and untapped often faced by a series of geographic factors which have led to desertification of the various forms of soil desertification. The study used sensors data (MSS , TM and LDCM) of the American Artificiat sat (Land Sat) , as well as using Sat data (Quick Bird 2 ) for three images Sattelite for the years (1973, 1990 and 2013) to determine the manifestications of desertification and the most important development which changes by analyzing the reflective properties spectral features floor of the study area visually and mechanically. The study relied an several indexs in the study and controlling aspects of desertification index (SI) for the study of soil salinity index (EMI) to measure wind erosion index (NDVI) for measuring the intensity of natural plant and other indexs cover , all of which show that the total desertified area in Basra province was (3156.2 km2) in 1973 it rose to (4714.6 km2) in 1990 and increases to (7803.3 km2) in 2013 to the appearance of salinity and wind erosion only sand and dunes. Matching Cartographic reveal the complex process (appropriate spatial) that natural factors played amajor role in increasing the desertified area Basra province suffers from desertification in general and particularly in Western divisions.
الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير الخصائص المناخية في تركيز وترسيب ملوثات الهواء في محافظات البصرة وذي قار وميسان The Impact Of Climatic Characteristics On Concentration And Deposition Of Air Pollutants In The Provinces Of Basra, Dhi Qar & Maysan

اسم المؤلف: شاكر عبد عايد الزيدي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى دراسة وتحليل تاثير الخصائص المناخية في تركيز وترسيب ملوثات الهواء في محافظات البصرة وذي قار وميسان , وذلك من خلال جمع البيانات المناخية من الهياة العامة للانواء الجوية العراقية وتبويبها ومن ثم تحليل الخرائط الطقسية للمستوى الضغطي (100 | The aim of study is an analyzing the impact of the climatic characteristics in the concentration of air pollutants in provinces of Basra, Dhi Qar and Maysan, through collection and classifying the climate data which were got from the Iraqi meteorological organization and seismology , also th collection and analyzing the maps liturgical to level barotraumas (1000) milli bars from web site (Vortex Plymouth and NOAA ) for the period from (2003 to 2014) the purposes of analyzing them is to know the occurrences systems piezoelectricity which are effect on the, area of the study, of each them, and studying the climatic effects of associated with them to knowing its impact on the concentrations of polluting gases to the air and amounts falling dust variation over an study area of the study.The study deals wthe the measurement of concentrations of a range of gases in different locations in the region of the study and then compare them with previous studies and compared with the normal limits of gases in the atmosphere These gases are (mono carbon CO dioxide, and dual dioxide, CO2, and sulfur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx , NO2 , NO)In thes study we also collect falling dust samples per month for (September 2013 / August 2014)in nine location from (9) in the region of the study and weight them by using private balance then we record their weights for each location after wards the samples were collected every three months to represent one of the seasons and then analyzed them in a central laboratory of Iraqi Ministry of Environment to see the concentrations of heavy elements blended with falling dust particles has been confirmed on four heavy elements (copper, lead, nickel and iron) so we tested (36) samples seasons in each therefore a total of them were 144 checks, and then we study the impact of climatic characteristics in contrast temporal and spatial amounts falling dust qualitative and contrast the concentrations of heavy metals in the monitoring sites. The results of study : 1. All the rates at concentration which were recorded during the period (September 2013 / August 2014) exceeded the natural concentration for mono gas carbon dioxide (CO) in the air (0.1ppm).2 The climatic elements as the high temperatures and differing wind speed are impacting in the temporal variation of concentrations of gas (CO) in the measurement locations in Hartha site record in the month of(CO) was the highest in May,It was 20 ppm.3. All registered rates of concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) during the period (September 2013 / August 2014) exceeded the (CO2) concentration rate which were recorded before the Industrial Revolution (285ppm) in all measurement sites4.The climatic characteristics have been influence on the contrast of the spatial of the concentrations rates of (CO2) where the concentration rate of (CO2) was recorded(389.3ppm) in a technical college site in January, while it was recorded (400.7ppm) May and same way it was recorded 480 ppm in Alhabboubi square site in February while it increased in July until 630 ppm.5. The dual concentrations of sulfur dioxide gas rates (SO2) exceeded its natural concentration in the atmosphere of (0.001ppm( in all measurement locations6. The climatic characteristics have been influence on the contrast of concentrations levels of (SO2) per month in measurement sites during the period (September 2013 / August 2014),where it was (3.7ppm) in umm Qasr in January while it reached to(10.9ppm) month in April.7. The concentrations rate Monoxide nitrogen (NO) exceeded natural gas level in air (0.0025) at all measurement locations for all months during the period (September 2013/August 2014)8 A climatic characteristics contribute to vary the concentrations rates of (NO) in the measurement sites in limit time.The concentration rates of ( no ) were recorded (2.4ppm) Fao station in January while it rose to (4.0ppm ) in June.9. It is found that the concentrations of binary rates of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exceeded the normal limits for the amount of gas in the air (0.01) in all measurement sites and for all months during the period (September 2013 / August 2014).10. The climatic characteristics have been influence on spatial contrast of the concentrations rates of (NO2) by months, in the measurement sites through divergence concentrations rates between cold months and hot months where the concentration rate of (NO2) was (12.2ppm) in the Fao site in January while it rose to (20.6ppm) in June.11. There is a variation amount of falling dust above monitor sites according to environmental monitor sites and according by time (September 2013 / August 2014),Thus recorded the Environment office in Dhi Qar site recorded a highest amount of falling dust at September (93.1 g / m2 / month) formed (26% ) of the total amount of dust recorded in September, while the lowest amount of falling dust was recorded in Al - ishar site site for the same month,it was (15.3 g / m2 / month) by (4.3%)12. The environmental monitor sites recorded a lowst amount of dust in January where the more amount of dust was recorded in the Environment office in Dhi Qar site , it was (29.6 g / m2 / month) while the lowest amount of dust was record in FAO station ,it was (4.2 g / m2 / month).13. The properties of hot season have been influence in the recorder amount of dust which were recorded in the environmental monitor sites , However the dust amounts which were recorded in June , July and August, more than that were recorded in December , January and February the highest falling amounts of dust were recorded in the environment department in Dhi Qar site (78 g / m2 / month) in June and the lowest of it was recorded in the Qurna (18.9 g / m2 / month(14. The volumes of falling dust were recorded more amount in the transitional seasons than the rest of the months in year. The highest amount were recorded in October while the lowest were recorded in the cold season , where all monitor sites were recorded the lowest amounts in January.15 The study demonstrated by measuring the concentrations of heavy metals in falling dust samples that the highest concentration of the element copper was recorded in Fao site in the summer theoretical separation (148.9 g / m 3), while the lowest concentrationwas in the theoretical spring (11.6 g / m 3) Environment office in Dhi Qar site.16. The highest concentration of lead was recorded in Basra Environment office in site element of in the autumn theoretical separation , it was (76 g / m 3), while the lowest concentrations were recorded in Environment office in Dhi Qar site at winter (11.4 g / m 17. The highest concentration of nickel element was recorded in Environment office site in Dhi Qar in all seasons of the year and the highest was in summer (117.3 g / m3) and the lowest was in winter (108.2 g / m 3).18. There is a high iron concentrations in the falling dust samples which were measured in all monitor sites and in all seasons so the highest concentration s were recorded in summer in each environmental monitor location.
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر تغير المناخ في تغير العلاقة بين المنظومات الجوية السطحية والعليا فوق العراق The Impact Of Climate Change In The Changing Relationship Between Surface Pressure Systems And The Upper Pressure Systems Over Iraq

اسم المؤلف: عبد العباس عواد لفتة الوائلي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2015
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى تحليل اثر تغير المناخ في تغير العلاقة بين المنظومات الضغطية السطحية والمنظومات الضغطية العليا المرافقة لها فوق العراق، من خلال معرفة المنظومات السطحية المؤثرة على مناخه والمتمثلة بالمرتفعات والمنخفضات الجوية والركود الهوائي عند مستوى (100 | The study aims to analyze The impact of climate change in the changing relationship between Surface pressure systems and the upper pressure systems over Iraq, by knowing the surface systems of anticyclones , depressions and Col aerial at (1000) hpa, the upper phenomena over the air waves (Transverse, troughs and ridges) at (500) hpa, and the Jet streams (sub - tropical and sub - polar) at (200) hpa and at (300) hpa , And the impact of change in climatic characteristics change over Iraq from the temperature minimum, maximum, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure and rainfall. This was based on the collection and analysis of maps ritual daily and balances (1200 GMT) and published in the global telecommunications network (the Internet), including meteorological center in the state of Plymouth United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and calculate the number of days survival systems piezoelectricity totalitarian high and low and the recession over parts of Iraq, Iraq has been divided into three area ((Northern, central and southern) By latitude, has been mapping the surface ritual and upper analysis for the period (1950 / 1951 - 1960 / 1961) the first as a cycle and (2003 / 2004 - 2013 / 2014) as a cycle second., and extract the monthly average and its percentage of comparing and calculating the change in those systems piezoelectricity, where Iraq is exposed to several types of systems piezoelectricity It is a conflict between different types of systems surface piezoelectricity, and through the study area it became clear that Iraq is exposed to more than (13) Pressure systems, including five high represented at Siberian high, European , Sub - Tropical , Azzurri and local, and eight depressions systems represented Indian low,Sudanese, the Mediterranean Sea, the Arabian Peninsula, seas west Asia (Depressions Caspian and Black) , the red sea , the local sea and integrated, and the phenomenon of Col aerial.The study consisted of six chapters, the first chapter will be of two sections first ensure that the theoretical framework and methodology of the study and the second examined the impact of global climate change in the change Iraq climate, The second chapter studied the anticyclones and the upper phenomena accompanying the two above, while the third chapter two sections included first studied the subject depressions and upper phenomena associated with them for two sessions, while he fifth chapter dealt with the changing relationship between surface depressions and waves upper and jet streams, Chapter VI dealt with the impact of the changing relationship between totalitarian systems Sainopetical surface and upper change in climatic characteristics over Iraq The study found : 1. The phenomenon of climate change, which increased change the natural characteristics of the atmosphere, where human factors form the basis of the source of this phenomenon is caused by the launched of gases in the atmosphere are increasing, leading to climate change and its impact on the changing relationship between systems piezoelectricity surface systems upper accompanying her.2.The study revealed a clear change in the duration of survival systems piezoelectricity high surface systems piezoelectricity upper accompanying over Iraq between sessions, where Siberian - Anticyclone and the European Anticyclone a rate and a higher percentage back in the second round than in the first session, while the high subtropical he scored low in recurrence of the number of days survival rate in the second session In the first session, despite the limited number of days remaining in the month with indentations accompanying high rate, and the average number of days the survival to Azzurrian anticyclone and Local anticyclone in this month there appeared in the first session and did not demonstrate in the second session.3. high for the survival of anticyclones and depressions influential and that contributed to the weather and climate change Iraq, but it was accompanied by such systems high accompany the zonal index review and the sub - tropical jet stream in the second session the largest percentage of troughs and ridges and the sub - polar jet stream.4.there are suborbital jet streams it was speeds did not exceed (44 m / s) the highest and the duration of stay of sub - polar jet stream which was his speed in the first session (40, 45, 48) m / s, while Speed down in the second session to (35, 30 , 35) m / s over the northern region and medium region and Southern region, respectively, but it was more to accompany the anti cyclones of the sub - polar jet streams except December and January Monthly.5.Change the relationship between those systems which led to the change of climate characteristics, which increased temperatures and decreased relative humidity and atmospheric pressure values have changed over the study stations.6.It shows that the air depressions in the month (December , January , February and March) was to accompany troughs have a rate more frequent than the waves transverse and ridges, but it changed in the second session so that the waves became reviewed more escort her from the troughs in addition to the high recurrence jet streams rate sub - Tropical accompanying her.7.Increase repeat phenomenon Col aerial in the transitional seasons and less in cold season and warm season is due to be in the transitional seasons where meet systems range surface piezoelectricity high and low for wrestle over Iraq, allowing his chances to be the phenomenon of Col aerial before that occupies a strong same area system, leading to higher survival rate in spite of the limited number of days.
الصفحات الاولى:

التباين المكاني لقيم الاراضي السكنية في مدينة البصرة The Positional Discrepancy Of Residential Land Prices In Basrah City

اسم المؤلف: احمد سراج جابر الاسدي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The tittil of this thesis " The positional Discrepancy of Residential Land Prices in Basrah city ". It dealt with land prices discrepany and how it is developed according to the area and position of the land in Basrah city. The thesis studies the factors that lead to this discrepancy It also divides the areas in to residential dissectors. Each dissector includes number of blocks that differ in size and area. This thesis depends on the structural and residential developmentin Basrah city through out the time. the need for residential land There fore , The study includes a comparsion between the prices before and now. The study is included four chapters , The first chapter dealt with the historical development of the residential and building expansion in Basrah city and how land is used for. The second chapter dealt with the desigen and charts of Basrah city as well as the subject of residential areas lacking and the need for new residential areas and number of houses. Thrird chapter dealt with the elements that effect on position discrepancy of land prices in Basrah city. The study is depended on the government information about the subject and the results that are obtained by the scollar from his auestionnaire. The forth chapter dealt with the prediction about in creasing the number of residents and the areas that are needed as well as the e xpansion and residential areas are needed in the city and the future residential
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم كفاءة النقل النهري في شط العرب وافاقه المستقبلية : دراسة في جغرافية النقل Evaluation The Efficiency Of River Transport In The Shatt Al - Arab And Future Prospects A Study In Transportation Geography

اسم المؤلف: عبد الودود عبد الرضا عبد
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The river transport in the Shatt Al - Arab is one of the most important economical activitives which has a main role to develop Iraqi economy for along time.That was because setting up Al - Maakel port which is made as amajor outlet for importing and exporting lost of goods through this shipping line that links Iraq with many different countries in the world since 1919 So this activity largely shares in fencing the national economy with yearly revenues , that are obtained through the provided service to river units which sail into this channel by exploiting the potential which donated them. The natural conditions to make safe river navigable in the waterway of the Shatt - Al Arab associated with human efforts that have been able to setup pavements. Those pavements could have this activity through the processing necessary for the operations of handling equipment, as well as the processing of these pavements with losts of stores to save the exported and imported goods with all the necessary infrastructure. However , this activity has stopped completely for more than two decades ,that was from 1980 to 2003 because political events which took place in Iraq. Those bad events caused a very big decline in the performance of river transport elements starting from the infrastructure of the piers which processes followed the falling of the former regime in Iraq.This cause with drew on the efficieng of the navigation channel which has become to contain the sediment which has become an important drawback and main objected river navigation in it and that contributed to the declining numbers of marine units that were faring this channel which led to decreased amounts of mobile goods through it , All these reasons has gathered to influence on the Iraq,s commercial fleet and worked to weaken it , while the mass of river transport with various forms and sizes were major means to transport people and goods to many cities on both banks of the river in Iraq and they transported to other countries specially Arabian gulf states. Shat Al - Arab has plenty of natural ingredients that could return it to be better than it was in the case of investment by benefiting from of developed countries , as it can take advantage of these ingredients to establish a tourist activity compete in its imports a lot of activities that require a lot of expenses by depending on the monuments' and religious shrines which lies close to the coast line. As we know Shatt Al - Arab surrounding with large area of fertile bottomlands on both banks that we will support farmer , moreover it also will support the national economy and that will happen by exporting a agricultural to many countries in area specially Arabian gulf countries. Further more , lots of economical activities that depends on that river as a source of the work and getting money by doing som activities such as fishing. In spite of - the governments go towards investment ,but that investment didn't rise to the required level , and that failure investment makes the efficiency of the river transport elements requires extra efforts to promote with it through greating financial and managerial system takes care to this task then fore this will bring an increase in the value of venues versus expenses
الصفحات الاولى:

نقل النفط واثره على التنمية الاقتصادية في محافظة البصرة باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (G.I.S) : دراسة في جغرافية النقل Transportation Of Oil And Its Effect On Economic Development In Basra Governorate Using Geographic Information Systems G.I.S

اسم المؤلف: علي حسين خميس
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي طارق جمعة المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: This study discussed the subject is one of the most important and prominent geographical and economic themes, which is one of the pillars of economic development, a topic that transport crude oil from the province of Basra, to the importance of the strategic role played by the crude oil in the economic development for the province of Basra, first and Iraq second, using geographic information systems (G.I.S) in order to draw a digital data of the study area as a base of geographic studies or other subsequent studies of other base.Reviewed with it the historical development of the transportation of crude oil in Iraq and the province of Basra since 1925 and until the year 2013, with touched on the most important historical developments and changes that have affected the transportation of crude oil from the Basra Governorate process. And it focused on the stage after 2003 until 2013 as crude oil transfer process undergone numerous historical Bmnattvat affected positively and negatively on the activity of transport crude oil from the province. It has also pointed to the geographical distribution of oil fields in Basra province and through the number of fields and the amount of crude oil reserves are being drawn by the futuristic image of the crude oil transportation and economic development operations.This thesis also addressed the study of natural and human factors, geographical variables fact have a significant impact on the quantities of crude oil transported from the Basra province to the rest of Iraq, or those transferred quantities to export. Especially since natural factors is the fact that a variety of Basra province, lies between the two sides, one nautical overlooking the bay Barre and the other linked with the rest of the Iraqi provinces, making this natural factors take an influential role different aspects. The human factors have been touched them as they represent the reality of man in the study area and other factors exceeded the geographical area of study like the factors of economic and demand and other factors affecting human limits. This is in order to understand the most important geographical challenges facing crude oil transfer process.The study discussed the means of transporting crude oil networks took place in the province of Basra, crude oil pipelines and knowledge of the energies of those pipe - borne and the quantities in which domestic consumption, the study of the oil ports and energies and the quantities transported through them abroad during the period 2003 - 2013, the study pointed to the logistics support to transport crude oil being one of the essential elements to you can not do without them in this process, especially since these processes are constantly flow and allow the transfer of crude oil from the province of Basra.She noted this thesis to contribute to the importance of the transfer of crude oil from the province of Basra on economic development on the GDP and economic activities, economic and trade balance of Iraq during the period 2003 - 2013, also touched on other aspects of the role of the shortage of crude oil from the province of Basra to the economic development of the productive sectors and companies that using movable crude oil from the province of Basra from this side. On the other hand contributed to the study identifies the role of the transfer of crude oil from Basra province, regional economic development through the revenues that accrue to the province of production and transportation of crude oil operations for the duration of the study
الصفحات الاولى:

تحليل جغرافي سياسي للسكان في محافظة خوزستان الايرانية Geographical Analysis Of Political Population In The Iranian Province Of Khuzestan

اسم المؤلف: حسين قاسم محمد فرج الياسري
اسم المشرف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: تتناول هذه الدراسة تحليل جغرافي سياسي لسكان محافظة خوزستان الايرانية التي تنقسم الى (27 وحدة ادارية) لابراز دورها في القوة الشمولية لايران. والكشف عن تاثير السكان في محافظة خوزستان في القوة السياسية للدولة ودور الخصائص السكانية في بناء تلك القوة حاضرا وم | This study deals with political geographical analysis of the population in Iran's Khuzestan province, which is divided into (27 administrative unit) to highlight its role in the totalitarian power of Iran. The disclosure of the impact of population in the province of Khuzestan in the political power of the state and the role of demographics in the construction of such a force present and future, and a bug that impedes achieve this, given that the population has a direct impact and indirectly in building political power through its impact on the overall development of political, economic and social dimensions. it was among the reasons to choose the province is enjoying an important strategic location of Iran, a relatively large economic potential, particularly large reserves of crude oil, and many water resources and soil suitable for agricultural production, and harmony demographic among its population in spite of national diversity, and geographic reach population with southern Iraq, and the lack of a previous study The study followed the approach of power analysis, one of the approved curriculum in the geo - political studies in the analysis and evaluation of the population in Khuzestan province, as well as historical approach which emphasizes the time dimension in the link between the past, present and future of the population in influencing the power of the state. The study comes four chapters include a set of detectives, as well as the foreground and the findings and recommendations, and the sources and supplements and English abstract, attached maps and the shape, illustrative tables for easy reading and comparisons. And included the first chapter the historical development of the province of Khuzestan, and passed by the historical events of the population and their settlement where, changes in administrative borders in order to shed light on some facts and new concepts that are overlooked by the sources and previous research, The second chapter dealt with the geo - economic characteristics (natural and economic) to detect strength and Jeopoltekeya politically conservative and its impact on population characteristics, while the third chapter demographics of size, growth and distribution and installation of a population in order to know and influence characteristics of the population in political power, and finally dealt the final chapter the future of the population in the province by population comparison with other provinces in some important characteristics in the measurement of force in order to know the province and rank the contribution of the population in the power of the state, and expectations of future.
الصفحات الاولى:

النقل بالسكك الحديدية على طريق (بغداد - البصرة) وافاقة المستقبلية : دراسة في جغرافيا النقل Transportation By Railway Line (Baghdad - Basra) And Future Prospects

اسم المؤلف: اماني حسين عبد الرزاق البراك
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The research addresses the reality of (Baghdad - Basra) railway line from several aspects , the historical development of the line and the natural and anthropogenic factors affecting line and study commercial activity for the line and the application of theory and study of main problems and obstacles and prospects for the future, Chapter I dealt with the study of the historical development of the railways over two distinct historic, first starts with the actual beginning in establishing railway lines in Iraq in 1912 as the Germans celebrating the laid of foundation stone for a railway project. The first train was running in 1914 and the First World War had a role in the evolution of the Iraqi railways for reasons imposed by the war. The Department then moved to the Iraqi Government in 1932, after which Iraqi railways have seen a set of accomplishments and some of the reforms can be considered a turning point in its history. The second stage started in 1950 and is a founding Board of Reconstruction as well as improved Iraq oil revenues; this phase has seen quantum leaps in railway projects in Iraq generally and on the Baghdad - Basra rail line.During the years (1930 - 1979) Iraqi Railways was able to conduct lots of works by improving its network and has made great achievements reflected positively on the carriage of goods and passengers, but began to decline in the 1980s.Following the outbreak of war as the Iraq - Iran war, the Gulf war and subsequent economic blockade and the 2003 Gulf war, which have impacted negatively on the railway, despite subsequent attempts at reconstruction until 2014 but the situation is still deteriorating, The only Iraqi railway line that stayed operational is (Baghdad - Basra) most other lines stopped working. As elements of the Iraqi rail transport experienced these stages up and down , that decrease the number of Baghdad - Basra line stations (40) station and several viaducts and bridges with 635 and 430 round arch and 500,000 concrete girder, 578,000 wooden keel , 9049 rail truck of various types. Chapter II dealt with geographical factors that effects direct and indirect impact on rail traffic on the line (Baghdad - Basra) including natural factors such as geographic location, geological structure, soil Surface topography, climate, and water resources which have great impact on the establishment of a network of railways on the Baghdad - Basra line where the track and cost, as well as the impact of these factors on the growth of rail transport and movement. There are also human factors played an important role in influencing the rail traffic on the line (Baghdad - Basra) and painted features of economic development of that region being the dominant governing factors and dominant were these factors Population growth in the study area and the political factor was decisive was the most prominent among these factors were influential in charting the backwardness and decline of railway line (Baghdad - Basra) as well as the economic factor, which demonstrated its impact on railway development in the 1970s and a decline in railway line following the decline of the Iraqi economy in the 1980s and subsequent decades. Chapter III dealt with the evolution of the activity of (Baghdad - Basra) railway line during the study period (1997 - 2014) that witnessed diverse activities of (Baghdad - Basra) railway line which addressed in the following three periods : - 1. The period of 1997 - 2002 has accomplished the transportation of 6,035,914 travelers achieving revenue of 11,638,973,250 dinars as well as cargo reached 872,290,305 tons achieving revenues in the amount of 19,135,173,559 dinars.2. The period of 2003 - 2008 in which 346,797 passengers transported achieving revenue of 982,550,275 dinars as well as cargo reached 1,425,729 tones achieving revenue of 8,145,372,660 Dinars.3. the period of 2009 - 2014 the total transported were 1,022,946 passengers, which achieved revenues of 11,638,973,250 Dinars as well as 3,388,686 tons of cargos that achieved revenue of 41520922169 Dinars Chapter IV dealt with the application of theory to wait found statistical results for my waiting on line stations (Baghdad - Basra) we came up with : 1 - 1. Despite of recording low waiting periods both in loading or unloading shipments, but this does not mean that the efficiency of such stations but has other reasons such as lack of trains or the lack of loaded or unloaded cargos.2. There are disparities in unloading and loading periods at the same station, sometimes due to the type of goods loaded or discharged.3. Despite the rise in the level of services, some stations recorded high rates of wait time due to large numbers trains in stations or additional reasons such as strict security measures followed in those stations, as Baghdad station.2 - 4. It appears through the research that some stations in spite of its limited capabilities, but performed significant tasks in the field of rail transportation as a Umm Qasr, which handling most Iraqi commercial activities, on the other hand stations like Maa”kal though it have tremendous capabilities but offering almost no services due to the lack of activities at Maa’kal port 5. Generally, the study recorded a decline in transportation by rail line (Baghdad - Basra) when compared to the rest of the railway services in neighboring countries.6. The study recorded a clear decline in railway transportation on (Baghdad - Basra) line due the reluctance of many transportation services of contracting with the Iraqi railways, and the adoption of other land transportation as alternative. - Chapter v dealt with the study of the problems and constraints of (Baghdad - Basra) railway line and future prospects we are as follows : - 1. The growth in the number of stations was slow in the study period as well as the growth of rail lines, making (Baghdad - Basra) railway line almost static and stabile. In sometimes numbers of passengers or freights went down as in 2007 were recorded.Despite slow growth, factors affecting (Baghdad - Basra) railway line will continue to evolve and progress in the future if the railways management, the Ministry of transport and other designated ministries like Ministry of planning and finance considered ways and plans to improve the railways in Iraq generally and Baghdad - Basra line due to its strategic importance
الصفحات الاولى:

صناعة طحن الحبوب في محافظة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية الصناعة Grain Grinding Industry In Basrah Province (A Study In The Geography Of Industry)

اسم المؤلف: محمد علي جبر المساعد
اسم المشرف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2017
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Through the study of grain grinding industry in Basrah province, knowing its present status and passing by the stages of its development and shedding lights on the potentials that led to its endemicity in the province, the study reached at the following results : 1. The fifties of the previous century witnessed a transformation in grain grinding industry in Basrah where technical grain grinding mills were used instead of stone grinding ones. The first technical mill was erected in 1955 (Basrah Private Grinding Mill).2. The superiority of the private sector in the field of grain grinding where the public sector never enter the industry until 2012 when Alfarahiedi governmental grinding mill was erected. 3. The number of grain grinding mills increased during the period of study. They were nine mills in 2000 and increased to 16 mills in 2015 in a growth average about 21.14% in spite of the military and economic circumstances in the country. The number of the workers in this industry increased from 465 in 2000 to 714 in 2015. The amount of wages given to them increased from 223312 Iraqi Dinars in 2000 to 359828 Iraqi Dinars in 2015. The price of production increased from 2498617 Iraqi Dinars in 2000 to 19898402 Iraqi Dinars in 2015. The price of the production stuff increased also but in a lesser degree where its price was 2184610 Iraqi Dinars in 2000 to 9895436 Iraqi Dinars in 2015. This indicates a healthy state represented by achieving efficiency, for the concept of efficiency indicates the degree industrial development. 4. Grain grinding mills are connected to the state enterprise for grain industry by contracting with it to supply them with the raw material and grind it according to a monthly plan issued by the ministry of trade for a sum of money. This limits the possibility of increasing production. Great part of the production capacity is idled; where the study showed that the actual sum of the designed production capacity for grain grinding mills is about 3231 tons per day in 2015, while the actual amount of production was only 1975 tons per day. This indicates that a great amount of production is idled; it is about 1256 tons per day which makes 38.87 % of the designed capacity. 5. The province has a great population; it is about (2818802) according to the approximations of 2015, they make (7.63%) of the population of Iraq which is about (36933714). This population is distributed into 548921 families in the different administrative districts. The greater number of the population lies in ALBasrah District; it is about 1385403 which make 6. 49.15%. Azubair District comes in the second place; where the number of the population is about 496923 which make 17.63% of the total population of the province. 7. There is an obvious shortage in the grain production in the province. Rice crop for example never existed throughout the study period. Barely crop is very little. The study clarifies that there is a great shortage in the wheat crop to the extent that the production amount in the province does not suffice the people more than a month or two. The province production was about 44529 tons in 2015 whereas the need of the province was 398194 tons which make about 11.18% for the same year. This led to satisfy the need in either of two ways : transferring from other provinces, and importing from abroad. 8. Grain grinding mills occupy areas of land that make about 124150 m2. Alfarahiedi governmental grinding mill's share makes about 36.25% of the total area occupied by grinding mills. The area of buildings makes 33250 m2. Again Alfarahiedi governmental grinding mill makes about 15.04%, while AlBasrah grinding mill makes 11.58% of the total area of the buildings. 9. The field study showed that the spatial distribution of the mills was centered in AlBasrah District, where 14 technical grinding mills lie, this makes 87.5% of the total number of the technical grinding mills. It also included four small stone grinding mills in a percentage of 50% of the total number of such mills. Alqurna District came in the second place with two mills one of them is technical and the other is stone grinding one. This makes 6.25% of the total number of the technical mills in the province and 12.5% of the total number of stone mills. Abi Alkhaseeb District came in the third place with one technical mill that represents 6.25% of the total number of the technical mills in the province. Almedina District included two stone mills representing 25% of the total number of such mills in the province. Finally, Azubair District included one stone mill with 12.5 % of the total number of such mills in the province. Faw and Shatt - el - Arab districts do not have any kind of mills. 10. The study identifies a number of problems that face grain grinding industry in the province; most of them are connected with (raw material, production problems, spatial distribution, and water availability, caning and covering problems, power supplies, funding, work power, environmental pollution). 11. The study of the correlation coefficient of some of the independent variables with the indicators of the development in the number of grain grinding mills, the following results have been found : a) There a strong and positive relationship between most of the factors and the number of the industrial establishments ranges between (0.341+, 997+).b) There is an inverse relationship between the area variable and the number of the establishments (0.33 - ).c) The variable of the number of ration centers came first in terms of the strength of correlation with the number of grain grinding mills in the province.d) There is a positive relationship between (urban inhabitants, work power, share capital, transportation roads, raw material, water supplies, rural inhabitants) it was about (0,957+, 0,962+, 0,854+, 0,544+, 0,542+, 0,342+) respectively. 12. Studying the future directions for the development markers of grain grinding industry in the province for the period (2015 - 2030), the study found out the following : a) The number of grain grinding establishments will be 18 in 2020 and 20 in 2025 and 22 in 2030. The change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is 38%.b) The number of the workers in grain grinding establishments will be 783 in 2020 and 863 in 2025 and 943 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is 32%.c) The amount of money paid for the workers will be 382272 Iraqi Dinars in 2020 and 419443 Iraqi Dinars in 2025 and 456613 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is 32%.d) The price of production stuff will be 2065141 Iraqi Dinars in 2020, then it will decrease to 2041169 in 2025, then it will decrease again to 2017196 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is minus 8 - %. e) The price of the production in grain grinding establishments will be 2619848 in 2020 and 2656323 in 2025 and 2692799 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage of the production prices for the period (2015 - 2030) is 3%.f) The additional value in grain grinding establishments will be 314003,5 Iraqi Dinars in 2020 and 314009,2 in 2025 and 314014,9 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage of the additional value for the period (2015 - 2030) is 0.02%.
الصفحات الاولى:

العلاقات العراقية - الخليجية والاثار المترتبة عليها : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية Iraqi Gulf Relations And Implications The Study Of The Geo - Political

اسم المؤلف: زهراء عباس هندي الاسدي
اسم المشرف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2017
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: تكتنفها العديد من الحساسية والتشعب نتيجة لطبيعتها المزدوجة التي تجمع بين عناصر التعاون وعناصر الصراع، فقبل غزو العراق للكويت عام 1990 امتازت العلاقات بين الطرفين بالانسجام والتناغم في المصالح المشتركة، الا انها اصيبت بالجهود والانقطاع بسبب الغزو، على | Characterized the study area countries since the different eras that passed by an old "and more recently", the result of several factors geographical and geopolitical and economic, is the center of an "important" global polarization and a place "for international competition, after obtaining the (Iraq and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)) on their independence and to get rid from the hands of the British occupation, it rushed the study area countries to develop their resources and take advantage of its location and enjoy the talent that donated them to nature.Began competition and conflict over the sovereignty and the imposition of leadership in the region and have fought many wars have been targeting the region and to provide financial support and military by the regional powers and international, so it is imposing an economic blockade for 13 years is over, "and then the occupation of Iraq, and the consequent number of variables and physical challenges and political fronts, economic, and security.After the occupation of Iraq by the coalition forces on the ninth of April 2003, the Iraqi GCC relations have witnessed a shift "clear", as it was followed by a fall by the existing political system on the goals and new principles, represented based on good neighborliness and non - interference in the internal affairs policies, and work to build effective and active foreign relations contribute to the realization and promotion of security and stability, and the emphasis on the promotion of economic development, and to stay away from the roads that lead to political blocs. This is stipulated in the Iraqi constitution of 2005 in its article on the eighth of Iraq's foreign relations, believing "in getting rid of the deadlock and sleep unjustified in Iraq's relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council and other countries on the Arab level and the regional and international levels.Iraq - Gulf relations went through several transformations, starting with "the fallout from international conflict and reflected a shadow on the countries of the study area, which represented the United States alone global pole appeared presence during the fall of the socialist camp and the end of the Cold War.So it ruled on the Iraqi - Gulf relations several political and geopolitical variables grown and fed the important factors and differences in the forefront of the ideological and political goals, and this is to be taken up by the researcher.
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اثر النمو الحضري على التخطيط العمراني في مدينة سوق الشيوخ : دراسة في جغرافية المدن The Impact Of Urban Growth On The Constructional Planning In The City Of 'Suq Al - Shyoukh' A Study In The Urban Geography

اسم المؤلف: حاكم ناصر حسين الشميساوي
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم زغير الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2017
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: City of Suq al - Shuyukh is the center of Suq al - Shuyukh district ,an administrative unit ,within Dhi Qar Governorate , lies in the southern part of the province with distance of (621.2) hectares and its population amounts of (130,517) inhabitants for 2015 which represents reality of the city consists of (24) residential quarters.The study aims to highlight on the analysis of the phenomenon of urban growth, its trends and problems in the city of Suq al - Shuyukh as well as study the demographics of the city in terms of growth and distribution and composition and population density and urban growth prediction (spatial and population) for the next 10 years until 2025 ,and examine the reality of urban land use to identify the most important problems that stand against this study to put appropriate solutions in order to project future trends.The study includes four chapters divided into topics, within study Chapter I , represents with some demographics indicate that the city of Suq al - Shuyukh has seen significant population growth had reached (1977 - 1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2015 ).This substantial growth of the population is a reason for increasing the demand for urban land uses ,that moved the expansion of the area of the city along the morphological stagesChapter II ,the first topic through the study of historical stages of city of Suq al - Shuyukh foundation show that the city has gone through four morphological stages ,and in each of these stages formed certain function for the city dominates on the invested spatial space of it gave shape to the city during this phase.Chapter II , second topic, dealt with the spatial distribution reality of urban land uses in the city and shows that the city contains multiple functional uses, represent by residential use which occupied an area of followed by public services ,then transport services area , industrialuse , commercial use , community service , sports use , green and open land use of and religious use was an area ofChapter III , dealing with the study of problems of urban growth in the city of Suq al - Shuyukh , the first topic of the chapter included the study of override problems on basic design of the city ,where rapid urban growth caused multiple problems and significant was the problem of urban housingSo the residential need analysis for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh and its assessment across the increasing population growth, which amounted 3%, which is one of the important topics in housing policies target to solve the housing problem.The second topic is devoted to the study of problems of interference in land use represented by planning and environmentalChapter IV ,dealt with current and future urban growth trends in the city and the first topic is devoted to the future prediction for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh population until 2025 as a total population amounted of (169672) inhabitants as the population growth rate is 3%.While the second topic dealt with urbanization trends for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh to search for future need of urban land use.The study showed that the city of Suq al - Shuyukh needs space of land estimated with(176.2) hectares and this area is out its basic design border as well as identify trends of future urbanization of the city.The study showed that the best directions for future city expansion to the northwest ,south and South - western direction in the absence of artificial and natural features.And then the most important outcomes came of the researcher and design to achieve the objectives of study in the future.
الصفحات الاولى:

التحليل المكاني لتغير استعمالات الارض السلنية في مدينة البصرة باستخدام الاستشعار عن بعد RS ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS Spatial Analysis Of The Change In Residential Land Use In The City Of Basrah By Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems

اسم المؤلف: مرتضى مظفر سهر الكعبي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني طارق جمعة علي المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2017
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: This present study is based on remote sensing RS and geographic information systems GIS as a basis applied to draw Cadastral changes to the residential land use in order to detect the temporal and spatial variations that contributed to the change in the residential land use in the city of Basrah for (1977 - 2016) nearly four decades , they have resulted in changes in the category of use which refers to the Cadastral Acquisitions For residential use on the Cadastral of the rest of the other urban uses (commercial, industrial, service).This is called positive change, while if the urban uses cut off which is referred as a part of the area of the residential using which annexed , this change is called in the category of use negative , as well as the study of the spatial variation to change the pattern of the residential land use which specialized in building a second floor and a tenement was added to the residential units and these differences included all the city's neighborhoods according to the field study which was based on the distribution of the questionnaire Form.The study goes from a basic premise which says that the whole fundamental changes that hit the residential land use in the sort or the residential use pattern was a result of increasing population growth , Immigration and the Cases of displaced as well as the absence of law and the rise of the economic level of the residents from this point of study, it aims to conduct a remote sensing RS and geographic information systems GIS ,depending on several satellite visuals which are different in dates for the production of high - definition maps representing the total Cadastral changes for residential use in the city of Basrah during the four decades of her life.In order to achieve the goal the study were divided into an introduction and four chapters, as the first chapter dealt with digital processing and interpretation of visual and space analysis of the factors influencing the change of residential land use in the city of Basra, while the second chapter touched on the spatial distribution of land use in the city and changes cadastral study, according to availability the visuals of the satellite to four points, which included maps of selected years (1977.1989, 2002.2016) as well as a field study of the researcher. The third chapter pointed to changes in the category of residential uses and patterns in the city, according to (5) vertebrae represented (the stages of growth of the city of Basra and that historically tracked and spatial analysis of the development of residential land use, analysis of residential patterns in the city, changes in the use of residential land in terms of style or class whether in the negative, the study of the most important implications of changes in a class or style residential use. go on fourth chapter in the study of the planning practices of the city's future and the changes of uses of residential land for the period 1942 - 2014 which was addressedto all the basic designs that addressed the city of Basra seemed pre - prepare her basic designs and finishes basic design (development of the city of Basra strategy and updating its basic design) in 2014, So the study reached to a number of important conclusions like : 1. The increasing population growth in the city and the contrast differences in economic levels of the families and the security situation and the availability of labor is a way compressor to changes in the residential uses, either positively or negatively.2. The ( populated, political, social, economic, and transport variables play a pivotal role in the Cadastral variables for residential use.3. The absence of activation of Laws and the deterioration of Oversight reality, especially after the regime change in 2003 was an important catalyst in the encroachment on farmland and empty spaces within the city which belongs to government agencies so the secretion status of random housing is done ,so we find that the freedom of the disposition of the residential units (irregular or random) and in the absence of law this reflected on the residential changes whether this change in the sort or in the pattern positively or negatively.4.The country policy which represents Stakeholders for four decade has its deep impact in finding changes cadastral For the residential use which is marked by the distribution of residential blocks on different segments according circumstances experienced by the country including the study area.
الصفحات الاولى:

تحليل جغرافي سياسي للعلاقات العراقية - التركية بعد عام 2003 A Geographic - Political Analysis Of Iraqi - Turkey Relations Post 2003

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن علي عبد الرحمن الجادر
اسم المشرف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية السياسية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2015
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: يتناول البحث دراسة العلاقات العراقية - التركية للمدة من (2003 - 2014) من منظور جغرافي سياسي للدولتين يمنحنا تصورا جيوبوليتيكيا عن طبيعة سير العلاقات بينهما توافقا واختلافا؛ نظرا لما شهدته الدولتان من تطورات داخلية في كل منهما؛ اذ تشكل مرحلة ما ب | This study deals with the Iraqi - Turkey relations for the period 2003 - 2014 from political and geographical perspectives. It gives us a clear geopolitical vision of the nature of the relations between these states in cases of Compatibility and disagreement. This period is very important in forming the relations between these two countries, for both of them witnessed some important developments during this period. Iraq witnessed a radical change in its political system after the 9th of April 2003, which creates new political, economic and security situations. Turkey, on the other hand, witnessed the arrival of Turkish Justice and Development Party, with Islamic orientation, to the power in 2002. That arrival, which was accompanied with domestic social, political and economic changes as well as changes in both regional and international relations, makes Turkey a more effective power in the region. The theory of Strategic Depth adopted by turkey has a prominent role in the construction of multiple positive relationships with European, Islamic and Arab countries, including Iraq, and this has reflected on the bilateral relations between Turkey and Iraq.The importance of studying the Iraqi - Turkish relations stems from the importance of their geographical Neighborhood and their mutual effect in the economic, ethnic and political fields such as the Kurdish state, Kirkuk, and water shares that affected Iraqi power and its political entityThe study aims to a comprehensive analysis of the geographical and political components of the two countries in order to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each ingredient to guide relations between the two countries in order to achieve their political advantage. The study sought to Confirm that the balance in the political relations between Iraq and Turkey is the base of strong relations between the two countries, which determine the direction of their future relations geopolitically.The main findings of this study is that the Iraqi - Turkish relations have moved from being limited to the interference in the internal affairs of Iraq; because of the impact of common issues and the concomitant serious security implications, such as the Kurds' claim of Kirkuk governorate, and ongoing threats of the PKK to Turkey, as well as the water issue on the relations between the two countries. The Turkish political decision - maker, however, is keen to activate diplomacy to promote political and economic relations with Iraq, the resolution of the outstanding problems between the two countries in accordance with the strategic framework envisages not harming the common interests between them. The fruit of those trends was the establishment of the Supreme Council for strategic cooperation between the two countries in 2008, which can represent the basis for strengthening the relations in several areas, including : political, economic and security between the two countries in the future up to the full level of strategic partnership.Although Turkey has the geographical and political components that enable the Turkish decision - maker to exercise an influential role in its relations with Iraq, yet, the political instability in Iraq made it a target of international, regional and Turkish intervention in order to form a new political situation in line with the Turkish political and geopolitical interests; therefore Turkey took advantage of several circumstances to put Iraq under pressure due to the requirements of interest with the absence of Iraqi political vision in handling foreign issues which turns the Iraqi position to be weak if not totally absentHowever, the position of the Turkish political decision - maker changed in 2008 to earnest support of the Iraqi government to preserve the unity of Iraq, its stability to enable Turkey maintaining the unity of the Turkish territory, and to strengthen trade ties with Iraq to increase the volume of trade exchange between the two countries to reach up to (20 billion) dollars in the coming years. Turkey understands that any interference in Iraq's political affairs will affect the process of accession to the EU. So the study emphasized the need to adopt the principle of (political balance with neighboring countries), which consists of several policies represent a mechanism for the Iraqi decision maker to handle with Turkey, other neighboring countries.Iraq represents the link between Turkey and the Arab Gulf States and Southeast Asian countries. While the Turkish neighborhood represents Iraq's outlet to Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan and to all European countries, and the mutual benefits between the two countries strengthen the cooperation to serve their interests together and encourage the two countries to establish good neighborliness. The investment of Turkish human resources and its employment in Iraq is very important, particularly in the economic and military sphere in order to help Iraq recover and the building of the new Iraqi state.It becomes clear that there is a range of forecasts governed by the factors of attraction or repulsion based on the present and future relations between the two countries, if these factors are exploited properly, they will lead to build a prosperous future. The decision - maker in both countries must understand that the two countries complement each other and that the strong relations between the two countries are based on the principles of good neighborliness and the principle of political balance with neighboring countries.
الصفحات الاولى:

الوظيفة السكنية للمراكز الحضرية في قضاء المدينة The Residential Function Of The Urban Centers In Al - Mdeyna District

اسم المؤلف: مريم خيرالله خلف
اسم المشرف: رعد ياسين محمد الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2015
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: تعد الوظيفة السكنية واحدة من الوظائف المهمة في المدينة كونها ترتبط بتجمعات سكانية كثيرة وكذلك تبرز اهميتها في مجمل الفعاليات والوظائف داخل المدينة فضلا عن اشتراكها مع بقية الوظائف في السيطرة على مساحة الحيز الحضري، كما انها تعنى بواحدة من اهم المتطلبات | The residential Function is considered as one of the important functions in the city ,Because : it is relates so many communities, as Its importance clearly appears in the whole activities and functions within the city, besides its participation with the other functions in controlling the area of the urban space. Residential Function is also concerned with one of the most important and essential human requirements that’s satisfy individual and family instincts, desires and privacies. Even if the city is devoid of some functions, we cannot imagine how a city without residence. Due to the increase of civilization around the world, the importance of residence was increases; Therefore the Residential Function occupies the widest area in all the cities of the world in comparison to what other functions occupy. The importance of the residential function appears from the ratio that occupies compared to the built area and the total space of the cite , But it may increase in the Developing Countries more than the Developed Ones, Because of lot of Specialists were interested in fields and cities’ variant scopes and the problems they suffer from ,They have been interested in the studies concerned with those problems and the attempt to find the properiate solutions. The Urban Studies is considered as one of the most geographical studies that dealt with Residential , due to its relationship with the population and the importance it has on the overall Functional activities in a cities as the industrial, commercial and service - ones. The thesis aims to study the residential function of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna District by following up the morphological stages those centers passed through, specifying the residential problem and the required methods to handle it. The study aims as well to reveal the residential structure of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna and the contributed factors in forming the dwelling Fact whence the number of houses, their occupation degree and the constructional status of those houses, as well as to identify the reasons that make such cities unstable residentially, social and construction ally so as to state dwelling regions in it. Since there is no specialized urban studies handled the residential function in the urban centers of Al - Mdeyna district, this study adopt the obtained information from the field study represented by questionnaire, personal interviews and the visits to the related State offices.The nature of this study have required it to contain five chapters : Chapter One, deals with the morphology of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna and give a historical background about the three centers , Chapter two handles the prototyped design that was drawn for the three cities and evaluating it. Chapter Three deals with the dwelling and city structures adopting a group of variables and criteria to highlight the dwelling districts reality and its locative contrast among the city parts; which, by the residential regions were revealed in the urban centers as studied in Chapter Four. Chapter Five concluded the study by addressing the residence problem in the city and the environmental issues the residential area suffer from, Reveal the reasons of the problem aggravation and the proposed solutions to handle that problem. Several conclusions and Recommendations concluded The Study.
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم كفاءة النقل البحري العراقي ودوره في التنمية الاقتصادية : دراسة في جغرافية النقل Evaluation Of Iraqi Maritime Transportation And Its Role In The Economic Development A Study In Transportation Geography

اسم المؤلف: نجم الدين عبد الله نجم الحجاج
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2015
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: Maritime transportation is considered as one of the most important pillars of economy to any state in the world. It is an everlasting resource to that economy that support the treasury of the state. In addition, it is important to both international and internal trade. Ports are the contact points with other foreign states. They are transporters to different kinds of goods and products around the world. Besides, they help in mixing social and cultural relations among costal states and cities.Maritime transportation has pushed all states especially the developed ones to forward different types of investments in this sector due to the huge revenue. It is a useful resource if there is an appropriate economic, social and political climate. Some states rely about 70% on this sector as contribution to their income budgets.Maritime transportation in Iraq is not an exception, on the contrary, it contributes a great deal to the national budget. It contributes to the economic wheel of progress in the country. It is the vital vein to the different stuff of the whole trade. After 2003, there was a recognizable exposure to the world which resulted in overflow of various goods making use of the political change. About 85% of the different goods are imported through maritime transportation. it represent a lung to the country without which there would be a great deficiency.The study falls into five chapters, introduction, abstract, conclusion, and recommendations. Chapter One has two sections. Section one surveys the history of maritime transportation in Iraq. In section two we study the elements of the transportation(ship, road, port). Chapter Two deals with the natural and human resources that may affect the transportation. Chapter Three is devoted to the criteria of performance evaluation of maritime transportation in Iraq by applying these criteria on the elements of transportation. Chapter Four deals with the effect of transportation on the economic development. Chapter Five shows the present situation as well as the future expectation of maritime transportation in Iraq by forwarding future expectation from 5 to 10 years to arrive at changes and development that the transportation could witness
الصفحات الاولى:

التغيرات المناخية واثرها في تغير التركيب المحصولي في العراق Climate Change And Its Impact On Crop Structure In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: فهد احمد فرحان العامود
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2015
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

التحليل المكاني للوفيات المسجلة في محافظة البصرة للمدة (1997 - 2009) Spatial Analysis Of Recorded Mortality In The Governorate Of Basrah From 1997 To 2009

اسم المؤلف: اسامة حميد مجيد السلطان
اسم المشرف: صادق جعفر ابراهيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2013
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: تعد الوفيات الضلع الثاني المكمل لمثلث التغير السكاني كما تعد من اهم المؤشرات التي تعكس الاوضاع الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في اي مجتمع كان ومدى صحة ووعي سكانه ورفاهيتهم وهو ما يكسب الدراسة اهميتها. ان الهدف من الدراسة هو بحث ظاهرة الوفيات في محافظة البصرة للم | Mortality is just one side of the triangle of demographic variation. Moreover it is considered as one of the main effects that reflect the social and economic situations in any society in addition to the hygiene awareness and prosperity of the population. This is actually a good reason why this study is significant. The study aims at investigating the phenomenon of mortalities in the Province of Basrah from 1997 to 2009. Spatial - temporal variation is also covered in relation to districts and remote areas. The study relies on some measures of mortality to reveal this variation in relation to quality and age of the deceased people and the reasons behind death in relation to environment. The researcher made use of the bio - statistics records obtained from mortality registration department - Basrah health directorate. In addition, the researcher conducted field work to cover any shortage in the data. The study arrives at the conclusion that the number mortality cases is 104312 during the period of the study with a crude mortality average of 3.9 per 1000 with no regular temporal direction. The number of mortalities varies according to months of the year and seasons. The highest rate is in August and December whereas summer witnessed the highest rate of mortality. The mortality of males overwhelmed those of females with a rate of 57.7% for males and 42.3% for females. Age category of 65 and more registered the highest level of mortality with 33.3% followed by infants with 20% of the total mortality rate. There are 90138 mortality cases due to illness which represents 86.4% of the total number of mortalities. Circularity system diseases and blood diseases in addition to other diseases represent reason number one behind mortality with 31.1% followed by perinatal diseases that represent 18.1% of the total number. Accidents represent 13.6% whereas gun shots accidents represent 58.8% of the total number of accidents. The geographic distribution shows that Az - Zubair, Abu Al - Khaseeb and Shatt Al - Arab registered the highest rate of mortality. Climate - as represented by temperature degrees - is found to be as a main factor of mortality in the area of the study in comparison with other natural factors. Still, there are other factors that play a vital role in mortality like the level of education, vocation, income, marital status, residence, accommodation and health services presented.
الصفحات الاولى:

بناء برنامج تدريبي وفقا لاستراتيجيات التعلم النشط لمدرسي علم الاحياء واثره في ادائهم التدريسي والتحصيل والتفكير الابداعي لطلبتهم Building A Training Program According To The Strategies Of Active Learning For Biology Teachers And Its Impact On Their Teaching Performance And Their Students Achievement And Creative Thinking

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: مهدي قلم دعير العبودي
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: نضال عيسى عبد المظفر
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الحالي الى : 1 - بناء برنامج تدريبي لمدرسي علم الاحياء وفقا لاستراتيجيات التعلم النشط. 2 - تعرف اثر تدريب مدرسي علم الاحياء وفقا للبرنامج التدريبي في : ا - الاداء التدريسي لمدرسي علم الاحياء. ب - التحصيل الدراسي لطلبتهم. ج - التفكير الابداعي | Current research aims to : 1. build a training program for teachers of biology according to active learning strategies. 2. know the effect of biology teacher training according to training program : A - teaching performance for teachers of biology. B - academic achievement of their students. C - creative thinking to their students. To verify the second objective of the research, the researcher coined the zero hypothesis : 1 - There is no statistically significant difference at the level indication (0.05) between the average performance scores for teachers teaching biology (experimental group) participants in the training program, and average performance scores for teachers teaching biology (control group) Participants in the training program. 2 - There is no statistically significant difference at the level indication (0.05) between the mean sample students teachers biology (experimental group) participants in the training program, and students of biology teachers sample (control group) is not participating in the program Training program in the achievement test. 3 - There is no statistically significant difference at the level indication (0.05) between the mean sample students teachers biology (experimental group) participants in the training program, and students of biology teachers sample (control group) is not participating in the program Test training creative thinking. Sample search (32) teachers and biology teachers school grade average, randomized trial involving one between two groups (16) and a school teacher, and the other officer and included (16) teachers and school It was their equal in variables (years of service and degree and qualification "training courses"). And also included a sample search (160) school students experimental group (10) students per teacher and school, and (160) of control group teachers students (10) students per teacher and school was their equal in variables (Chronological age and academic achievement and intelligence). Researcher built a training program consisting of seven training units, and has been applied to a sample of teachers of the same scholar, and for ten days, after its application note the sample teachers Experimental and research officer to note card prepared for that purpose, as well as the achievement test preparation (40) paragraph checksums, and test the Torrance for creative thinking, for the application School students sample search, and after getting the results statistically processed data were analyzed, the adoption of the program of the statistical package (spss), and testing (t - test) two separate and equal effect size equation For ) Cohen) researcher found the following results : 1 - the superiority biology teachers (experimental group) who participated in the training program for teachers of biology in (control group) who did not participate in the training program in their performance. Teachers, having been measured using observation card prepared researcher, and a large effect size. 2 - the superiority of biology teachers students (experimental group) who participated in the training program for students of biology teachers in (control group) who did not participate in training program Academic achievement, having been measured using the achievement test of the researcher, and the size of a large impact. 3 - the superiority of biology teachers students (experimental group) who participated in the training program for students of biology teachers in (control group) who did not participate in training program Test creative thinking, having been measured using test creative thinking, and significant impact. In the light of the results the researcher recommended a number of recommendations and proposals
الصفحات الاولى:

تقويم برنامج اعداد معلمي التربية الخاصة في كليات التربية الاساسية ومقترحات لتطويره في ضوء معايير هيئات الاعتماد الاكاديمي العالمية Evaluating The Program Of Preparing Teachers Of Special Education In Colleges Of Basic Education And References For Its Improvement With Standards To The Universal Academic Credit

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: حسام مسلم كاظم العزام
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: زينب فالح سالم الشاوي
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث الى : 1. تقويم برنامج اعداد معلمي التربية الخاصة في كليات التربية الاساسية في ضوء معايير هيئات الاعتماد الاكاديمي العالمية.2. تقديم مقترحات لتطوير برنامج اعداد معلمي التربية الخاصة في كليات التربية الاساسية في ضوء معايير هيئات الاعتماد الا | The present study aims to : 1. Evaluate the program of preparing special education teachers in colleges of basic education with the reference to the principles of the universal academic commissions.2. Provide suggestions to improve the program of preparing special education teachers in colleges of basic education with reference to the results of the evaluation.This study is limited to : 1. Special Education departments in the faculties of Basic Education, Iraqi universities (Mosul, Al - Mustansiriya, Babylon).2. Tdricio special education departments in the faculties of Basic Education, Iraqi universities (Mosul, Al - Mustansiriya, Babylon) for the academic year 2014 - 2015.3. Fourth grade students in special education departments in the faculties of Basic Education, Iraqi universities (Mosul, Al - Mustansiriya, Babylon) for the academic year 2014 - 2015.4. managers and school principals in which fourth - grade students in special education departments in the faculties of Basic Education, Iraqi universities applied (Mosul, Al - Mustansiriya, Babylon) for the year Aldrase2014 - 2015.5. administrative leadership of deans and their assistants, heads of special education and its decisions departments, representatives of Total Quality Management and officials of the people of quality and performance assurance in university faculties of Basic Education, Iraqi universities (Mosul, Al - Mustansiriya, Babylon) for the academic year 2014 - 2015.6. National Council for Accreditation Standards for teacher preparation institutions (NCATE), and the National Council for the Disabled (CEC) that fall under the National Council for Accreditation of teacher training institutions, and body new teachers support their calendar (INTASC) Almnazavia under the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Preparation institutions (NCATE), and approved by the international Centre for quality assurance in Education (CQAIE). Represent the research community and basic sample of Tdrisie special education departments, who are studying in special education departments in colleges of basic education in the universities (Mustansiriya Babylon) just for being ruled Mosul University as a result of the security situation, as well as fourth - grade students who are studying in those sections, deans and their assistants, heads of departments private and Orteurehm of Education, representatives of total quality management and officials of the people of the quality assurance and evaluation of university performance, and directors and managers of primary schools where the fourth - grade students in special education departments in those colleges for the academic year applied (2014 - 2015) has reached the total number of the research community and basic sample (145 ).Use researcher questionnaire to evaluate the preparation of special education teachers in the basic education colleges program in light of the global standards of academic accreditation bodies, after being translated researcher of the National Council Accreditation Standards for teacher preparation institutions (NCATE), and the Council with special needs (CEC) and the Commission new teachers support their calendar (INTASC ) Almnazavian under the national Council for Accreditation of teacher preparation institutions (NCATE), and approved by the international Centre for quality assurance in Education (CQAIE), as was the number of paragraphs (223), paragraph (indicators) are distributed on six main criteria and placed in front indicators (paragraphs) Three alternatives are : (available) and (partially available) and (unavailable). Researcher used statistical methods (Cronbach's alpha equation, and the weighted average, the weight percentile, and Chi square test).The major results of the research are as follows : 1. noon standard (allow the program curriculum and expertise and field applied to the interaction and communication and deal with a variety of lecturers, teachers, students and pupils) first prize in central weighted (2.39) and weight percentage (79.69%).2. He received the standard (the program has a calendar system and exams can collect data for studying them with respect to the degree of scientific qualification to practice the profession and their performance after graduation, including helping to feedback from the calendar and testing programs) on the second place of central casting (2.29%) and weight percentage (76.33%).3. Standard won (recognizing students prepare for the main concepts and research tools teacher education program, and the foundations of educational specialization and professional skills) rank third in central weighted (2.12) and weight percentage (70.62%).4. won standard (featuring faculty members with a high level of qualifications and the best professional practices in scientific research and community service, teaching program works in a systematic way to regularly evaluate their performance and facilitate continuous professional growth opportunities.) Fourth place in central weighted (2.11) percentage and weight ( 70.36%).5. He received standard (owning a program of leadership and authority and the budget, personnel and facilities, resources, and information technology to achieve the desired objectives) rank fifth in central weighted (2.06) and weight percentage (6.68%).6. The standard (the program through the principle of partnership with the Ecole Pratique planning and implementation of field goods and clinical practices (through practical education) to students educated) has got the center - weighted (1.75) and weight percentage (58.33%). In light of the results of the research, the researcher concluded a number of conclusions, including : 1. that the preparation of special education teachers in the College of Basic Education as a whole is an investigator is required in the application of the adoption of the preparation of special education teachers from the global academic accreditation bodies programs standards for the level of the program.2. achieved a fourth criterion to the level required in the application of the adoption of the preparation of special education teachers appreciated good program standards, because it is within a degree of the investigation level with the weighted average (2.35) and weight percentile (77.79%) adopted by the researcher to determine the level of application of the criteria.3. noon standard principle of partnership with the Ecole Pratique planning and implementation of field goods and clinical practices (through practical education) to students educated, it is the weakest among the criteria.4. There are other interesting Average rest of the program standards.The researcher has developed a number of recommendations concerning the results of the research, including : 1. Adopting global standards of academic accreditation bodies to get accreditation for teacher preparation programs in all scientific disciplines and humanity, and in particular standards (International Centre for Quality Assurance in Education)2. Work on the formulation of the vision, mission and objectives and values of the new colleges of basic education to suit global standards and accreditation bodies, as a basis for the design of special education teachers preparation program.3. benefit from Islamic standards in the preparation of the teacher of the personal, professional and outside the classroom and work to be activated within the basic education colleges in the preparation of a believer and is adept at his teacher.4. researcher suggested a number of proposals for the development of the preparation of special education teachers in the basic education colleges program in the light of the requirements to achieve accreditation criteria for that program
الصفحات الاولى:

فاعلية استراتيجيتي التساؤل الذاتي والتفكير المزدوج في تحصيل مادة التاريخ الاوربي والقدرة على حل المشكلات لدى طلبة قسم التاريخ في كلية التربية The Effectiveness Of Self Questioning And Think Pair - Share Strategies On History Students' Achievement Of European History Subject And The Problem Solving Ability In College Of Education

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: ميري عبد زيد عبد الحسين الكرعاوي
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: زينب فالح سالم الشاوي
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث التعرف على ( فاعلية استراتيجيتي التساؤل الذاتي والتفكير المزدوج في تحصيل مادة التاريخ الاوربي والقدرة على حل المشكلات لدى طلبة قسم التاريخ في كلية التربية) وللتحقق من هدف البحث وضع الباحث الفرضتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : 1 - لا توجد فروق ذات دل | The present study aims at finding out (the effectiveness of self questioning and think pair - share strategies on history students' achievement of European History subject and the problem solving ability in College of Education ).To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher has posed the following null hypotheses : 1. There are no statistically significant difference at level ( 0.05) between the mean scores of the first experimental group, which is taught according to the self questioning; the second experimental group, which is taught according to think pair - share strategy and those of the control group, which is taught conventionally in European History subject achievement.2. There are no statistically significant difference at level ( 0.05) between the mean scores of the first experimental group, which is taught according to the self questioning; the second experimental group, which is taught according to think pair - share strategy and those of the control group, which is taught conventionally in testing problem solving ability. The two Experimental Groups and Control Group Posttest Partial Design has been used. The sample of the study has been intentionally chosen and it consists of 122 male and female third year students at the Department of History/College of Education./University of Al - Qadisiya. Participants have been distributed into three groups. The first experimental group includes 41male and female students, which is taught according to the self questioning. the second experimental group include 40 male and female students, which is taught according to think pair - share strategy, whereas the control group consist of 40 male and female students, which is taught according to the conventional method. Equalization has been made by the researcher himself among the three groups with respect to the variables (age, intelligence, previous achievement, problem solving test).After that, the researcher determined the instruments of the study which are : the scientific material, forming the behavioural aims in the light of Bloom’s six levels. Preparing daily lesson plans,20 plans for each group. Furthermore, two instruments have been constructed : the first is an achievement test includes a multiple - choice test which consists of 40 items, and a subjective test which consists of 10 items. Such test has been ensured with regard to its (face and content validity), item discrimination, item difficulty and its reliability. The second instrument is the problem solving test which consists of 30 items distributed according to six abilities (sensation of problem, determination of problem, getting data from its better sources, proposing hypotheses, hypotheses validity test ,decision - making).The test has also been ensured concerning its (face and construct validity), item discrimination and reliability. The researcher himself taught the three groups. The experiment started at the beginning of the first term of 2015 - 2016 and lasted for 14 weeks, two lectures a week for each group. At the end of the experiment, the three groups were submitted to achievement test that has been applied on Wednesday, 13th of Jan.2016 Then, the problem solving test has been applied on Thursday, 14th of Jan. 2016.Data have been analyzed by using SPSS. The results show the following : 1. The performance of the first experimental group is better than that of the control group in the achievement test of the European History subject.2. The performance of second experimental group is better than that of the control group in the achievement test of the European History subject.3. The performance of second experimental group is better than that of the first experimental group in the achievement test of the European History subject.4. The performance of first experimental group is better than that of the control group in the problem solving test. 5. The performance of second experimental group is better than that of the control group in the problem solving test.6. The performance of second experimental group is better than that of the first experimental group in the problem solving test. In the light of the results obtained, the researcher has come up with the following conclusions : the self questioning and think pair - share strategies on third - year history students' Achievement of European History in College of Education is effective, the self questioning and think pair - share strategies on the problem solving ability is effective as well. In the light of the findings of the present study, are made to enrich the process of teaching writing : it is necessary to encourage instructors to adopt the self questioning and think pair - share strategies in teaching Modern European History subject, it is necessary to train university instructors on using modern methods in teaching, especially those methods that have been proved to be effective in instructional process; syllabus designers are recommended to be acquainted with theses and dissertations and apply their contents on curriculum for the sake of getting generations that are able to create ,invent and discover, and solve problems that society encounters and find suitable solutions for them. Building on the present study, further studies are suggested to be conducted : a similar study can be conducted on other stages (primary, intermediate, preparatory), a study can be carried out to investigate the impact self - questioning and think pair - share strategies on other variables such as (motivation, tendency, attitude, critical thinking, historical thinking, and creative thinking).
الصفحات الاولى:

مدى توافر معايـير الجودة الشاملة في مناهـج كليات التربيــة من وجهة نظر اعضاء الهيئة التدريسية The Extent Availability Of Comprehensive Quality Standards In Colleges Of Education Curricula From The Perspective Of Faculty Members

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: حيدر محسن سلمان الشويلي
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: نداء محمد باقر الياسري
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى التعرف على الحكم العام لافراد عينة البحث، تدريسيو كليات التربية في جامعات(البصرة، ذي قار، ميسان) بشان توافر معايير الجودة الشاملة في المناهج التي يدرسونها وبكل عناصرها كمنظومة متكاملة، والى التعرف على حكمهم بشان كل عنصر من عنا | The present study aimed to identify the general provision of the sample individuals, The academic teachers of the colleges of education in universities of (Basra, Dhi Qar, Maysan) on the availability of comprehensive quality standards in the curriculum they teach and all of its elements as an integrated system, and to identify their judgment on each element of its members individually and to identify the strengths (pluses) and weaknesses (cons) of each element of its members, and to identify whether there were statistically significant in the general provision on the availability of these standards in the curriculum differences due to the variables (specialty, and classification section depending on the objectives). The researcher depended on the descriptive approach in terms of actions for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the study. Society may be the current study of The academic teachers of colleges of education for the Humanities and Pure sciences at Basra University, and The academic teachers of Humanities and Sciences Pure at the University of Dhi Qar, and the College of Education at the University of Misan, totaling (700) teachers, and the research sample core composed of (442) teachers distribued among colleges of education at the University of Basra and Dhi Qar.And formed search tool built by the same researcher (139) indicator - a paragraph - distributed among the six elements (fields) Approach : (objectives, educational content, methods and manners of teaching, teaching aids, educational activities, educational calendar).The study tool was applied after extracted from it all virtual honesty and sincerity of construction, stability in a way re - testing, which amounted to (0.86) and the method of variation analysis Cronbach Alpha, which amounted to (0.88).Hare used the following to extract Results : packets Statistical for Social Sciences (SPSS), circles calculations, standard deviations, percentages, the weighted average, the Pearson correlation coefficient , chi square , the equation of one - way analysis of variance, and the equation of Alpha Cronbach and test Altaia for one sample and two equal independent samples and tow equal independent samples.The study concluded in the light of its goals the following results : 1. The general rule for members of a sample study on the availability of comprehensive quality standards in the curriculum of the colleges of education and all its components were negative judgment.2. The general provision for members of the study sample was positive about the availability of comprehensive quality standards on a racist (teaching - methods and teaching aids) as independent elements, though coexist in a limited way, and negatively towards elements (educational goals - educatioal Content Altahlmy - educational activities - educational calendar).3. Identify the strengths and weaknesses in the level of availability of comprehensive quality standards in every element of the curriculum elements.4. statistically significant differences do not exist in the general provision for teachers on the availability of the overall quality in the curriculum due to the variable of academic specialization standards.5. statistically significant differences do not exist in the general provision for teachers on the availability of the overall quality in the curriculum due to the variable of academic department standards.This researcher has concluded a number of conclusions, including : The curriculum of the colleges of education is not a good level of effectiveness, because of the weakness of the availability of comprehensive quality standards in most of its elements. It was presented a number of recommendations including : Revision of curriculum planning in the colleges of education to ensure the processing standards (paragraphs) that are not available in each area (element) of the areas of curriculum and support and improve these paragraphs (available indicators).And also he suggests a number of proposals including : 1. conducting a similar study of the current study in other the colleges in Iraqi universities.2. Conduct a comparative study between the curricula colleges of education and the curricula of Arts the colleges in the light of the overall quality standards
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر استراتيجيتي التفاوض والتلمذة المعرفية في تحصيل مادة التاريخ العربي الاسلامي وحب الاستطلاع لدى طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط The Effect Of Negotiation And Cognitive Apprenticeship Strategies On The Outcome Of The Islamic Arabic History Subject And Curiosity Of The Second Intermediate Stage Students

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: رضا طعمة عبيد نزام العجيلي
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: صلاح خليفة خدادة اللامي
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2017
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: The current research aims to identify ( The effect of negotiation and cognitive apprenticeship strategies on the outcome of the Islamic Arabic history subject and curiosity of the second intermediate stage students) through verifying the hypothesis of the research represented by : 1. There are no differences of statistical significance at the level (0.05) between the average score of the outcome of students who study according to the (negotiation strategy) and the average score of the outcome of students who study according to the regular method in the achievement posttest prepared for this purpose.2. There are no differences of statistical significance at the level (0.05) between the average score of the outcome of students who study according to the (cognitive apprenticeship strategy) and the average score of the outcome of students who study according to the regular method in the achievement posttest prepared for this purpose. 3. There are no differences of statistical significance at the level (0.05) between the average score of the outcome of students who study according to the (negotiation strategy) and the average score of the outcome of students who study according to (cognitive apprenticeship strategy) in the achievement posttest prepared for this purpose.4. There are no differences of statistical significance at the level (0.05) between the average score of curiosity of students who study according to the (negotiation strategy) and the average score of curiosity of students who study according to the regular method in the scale prepared for this purpose.5. There are no differences of statistical significance at the level (0.05) between the average score of curiosity of students who study according to the (cognitive apprenticeship strategy) and the average score of curiosity of students who study according to the regular method in the scale prepared for this purpose.6. There are no differences of statistical significance at the level (0.05) between the average score of curiosity of students who study according to the (negotiation strategy) and the average score of curiosity of students who study according to (cognitive apprenticeship strategy) in the scale prepared for this purpose. The researcher followed the experimental approach and selected an experimental design with a partial control (two experimental groups and on control group), with the posttest and the curiosity scale. The researcher also chose the research sample randomly from (Al - Rafidain school), which is one of the official day schools in Babil province, to become the field to execute the current research experiment. The final research sample involved (94) students after eliminating the failed students for the academic year 2015 - 2016, at (32) for the first experimental group which studied according to the cognitive apprenticeship strategy and the second experimental group which studied according to the negotiation strategy, while the third control group which studied according to the regular method involved (30) students. The researcher equalized among his three groups with the variables (the previous outcome, IQ test, the previous knowledge, age calculated by months, parents qualifications, curiosity) and there were no differences of statistical significance among the groups after identifying the scientific subject of included in the experiment period and represented in the (content of the subject of Islamic Arabic history for the second intermediate grade for the academic year 2015 - 2016). Afterwards, the behavioral purposes were identified and formulated in accordance with the three levels of Bloom classification in the cognitive aspect (Knowledge - Understanding - Application) and were presented later to the experts and referees; the final number was (223) behavioral purposes. The researcher also prepared teaching plans for the topics included in the experiment, submitted some of them to the experts and referees and edited them according to their remarks.The researcher studied the three research groups and at the end of experiment which lasted one academic year, he prepared an achievement test containing (40) items and presented it to the experts to give their opinions and show its alleged validity. This test was applied over an exploratory sample composed of (150) from Al - Nujoom high school and applied over the basic sample after dealing with its data statistically, extracting the coefficient of items difficulty, its ability to differentiate and the affectivity of its alternatives and extracting its reliability coefficient. The researcher also prepared a curiosity scale depending on literature and consisted of (30) items divided over (6) domains. This scale was submitted to a group of experts, applied over an exploratory sample of (150) students and eventually applied over the basic research sample after dealing with its data statistically, and verifying its construction reliability, items connection and their relation with each domain, the overall score of the scale, scale reliability and the strength of differentiating the items. After processing the data statistically by using the proper statistical means such as (one - way analysis of variance, Scheffe'e test to know the direction of differences among the research groups), the results showed that students of both of the groups which studied according to the (negotiation strategy) and (cognitive apprenticeship strategy) have surpassed the students group which studied according to the regular method in terms of the variables of curiosity and the outcome of Islamic Arabic history subject for the second intermediate stage.In the light of the results reached by the researcher, it appeared that using negotiation and cognitive apprenticeship strategies in teaching history subject to the second intermediate students have contributed in increasing their outcome and their curiosity.The researcher have recommended several recommendation (the necessity of training the teachers of social studies on using the negotiation and cognitive apprenticeship strategies, encourage them to use constructive theory strategy and pay attention to the inner motives of the students such as curiosity). The researcher also recommended conducting other researches similar to the current one on different academic stages and other subjects to verify the validity of the negotiation and cognitive apprenticeship strategies and other variables besides the outcome and curiosity.
الصفحات الاولى:

فاعلية استخدام استراتيجية التعلم المزيج في تدريس مادة المناهج وطرائق التدريس على التحصيل الدراسي وتنمية مهارات ما وراء المعرفة لدى طلبة المرحلة الثالثة في كلية التربية The Impact Of Using Blended Learning Strategy In Teaching Curricula And Teaching Methods Course On Third Stage / College Of Education Students' Academic Achievement And The Development Of Their Metacognitive Skills

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: مضر صباح عبد جابر الجبوري
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: نداء محمد باقر الياسري
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2016
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى معرفة فاعلية استراتيجية التعلم المزيج في تدريس مادة المناهج وطرائق التدريس على التحصيل الدراسي وتنمية مهارات مواراء المعرفة لدى طلبة المرحلة الثالثة في كلية التربية) وللتحقق من هدف البحث وضع الباحث الفرضتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : الفرضية الاولى : - لايوجد فرق دال احصائيا عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون على وفق استراتيجية التعلم المزيج ومتوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية ( التقليدية) في اختبار التحصيل الدراسي.الفرضية الثانية : - لايوجد فرق دال احصائيا عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون على وفق استراتيجية التعلم المزيج , ومتوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية ( التقليدية) في مقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة.الفرضية الثالثة : - لايوجد فرق دال احصائيا عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسطي درجات طلبة المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون في استراتيجية التعلم المزيج في التطبيق القبلي والبعدي لمقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة.اختير التصميم التجريبي ذا الضبط الجزئي لمجموعتين احدهما تجريبية والاخرى ضابطة ذات الاختبار البعدي للتحصيل ، ومقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة, وكان مجتمع البحث هو طلبة الصف الثالث في قسم علوم القران / كلية التربية المختلطة ، جامعة الكوفة وكلية التربية جامعة القادسية البالغ عددهم عددهم ( 400 ) طالبا وطالبة ، فاختار الباحث بالطريقة القصدية طلبة الصف الثالث /علوم القران /في كلية التربية المختلطة /جامعة الكوفة عينة لمجتمعه وقد اختيرت بصورة عشوائية الشعبتين ( ا - ب ) ، وتكونت العينة من (82) طالبا وطالبة , بلغ عدد طلبة المجموعة التجريبية (42) طالبواطالبة درست على وفق استراتيجية التعلم المزيج والمجموعة الضابطة بلغ عددهم (40) طالبواطالبة درست بالطريقة الاعتيادية.كافا الباحث بين طلبة مجموعتي البحث في بعض المتغيرات التي قد تؤثر في نتائج البحث ، وهذه المتغيرات هي (العمر الزمني للطلبة محسوبا بالشهور ، الذكاء , درجات التحصيل الدراسي السابق للمواد التربوية , ودرجات مقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة للضبط القبلي ) , وبعد ان حدد الباحث مستلزمات البحث وهي : تحديد المادة العلمية ، صياغة الاهداف السلوكية على ضوء مستويات الست لتصنيف بلوم المعرفية حيث بلغ عددها (278) هدفا ، واعداد الخطط الدراسية .اما ما يتعلق بادوات البحث الحالي : فقد استخدم الباحث اختبارا تحصيليا اذ بناه الباحث بنفسه تالف من (40) فقرة من الاسئلة الموضوعية من نوع الاختبار من متعدد و(10) فقرات من الاسئلة المقالية , وتم التحقق من صدقه (الظاهري والمحتوى), وقوته التميزية, ومعامل صعوبته, وفعالية البدائل الخاطئة وثباته , اما الاداة الثانية كانت مقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة اذ اعده الباحث ايضا , والذي تالف من (45) فقرة موزعة على ثلاثة مجالات ( التخطيط ، المراقبة والتحكم ، والتقييم ) وتم التحقق من صدقه (الظاهري, والبنائي) وقوته التميزية وثباته.درس الباحث مجموعتي البحث بنفسه , واستمرت التجربة طوال العام الدراسي 2015/2016م بواقع محاضرتين اسبوعيا لكل مجموعة ،طبق الباحث مقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة البعدي على عينة التطبيق النهائي للمجموعتين يوم الاربعاء الموافق 4 /5/2016م , وطبق الاختبار التحصيلي على عينة التطبيق النهائي للمجموعتين يوم الاربعاء الموافق 11/5/2016 م وبعدها تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة وبالاستعانة بالحقيبة الاحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS 10 ) , اوضحت النتائج ما يلي : 1 - تفوق طلبة المجموعة التجريبية التي درست باستراتيجية التعلم المزيج على طلبة المجموعة الضابطة في الاختبار التحصيلي لمادة المناهج وطرائق التدريس .2 - تفوق طلبة المجموعة التجريبية التي درست باستراتيجية التعلم المزيج على طلبة المجموعة الضابطة في مقياس مهارات مواراء المعرفة . وفي ضوء ذلك خرج الباحث بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات ابرزها : 1 - ان التعلم المزيج يغلق الفجوة بين البيداغوجيواالتكنلوجيا فهو رافد للتعليم التقليدي الذي يعتمد على الطرائق التقليدية .2 - ان التعلم المزيج يعمل على تعديل سلوك الطلبة واتجاهات تفكيرهم وابنيتهم المعرفية . كما قدم الباحث عدد من التوصيات ابرزها : 1 - استخدام استراتيجية التعلم المزيج في تدريس مادة المناهج وطرائق التدريس من قبل التدريسين في الجامعات.2 - اقامة دورات تدريبية للتدريسين في الجامعات والمدرسين في وزارة التربية تركز على استخدام اتجاهات حديثة في التدريس ومن ضمنها استراتيجية التعلم المزيج والاستفادة من التكنولوجيا الحديثة في التدريس .قدم الباحث عدد من المقترحات ابرزها : 1 - اجراء مزيد من الدراسات المماثلة للبحث الحالي على مراحل دراسية اخرى( مثل الثانية او الرابعة) وعلى تخصصات اخرى( اللغة العربية , الاجتماعيات , الحاسوب ...)2 - اجراء دراسات تكشف فاعلية استراتيجية التعلم المزيج في متغيرات اخرى مثل ( الدافعية ، والميل ، والاتجاه , التفكير الناقد ، والتفكير الابداعي ). | The present study aims at finding out the impact of using blended learning in teaching the course of Curricula and Teaching Methods on third year / College of Education students' academic achievement and developing their metacognitive skills. To achieve this aim, the following two null hypotheses have been set. The First Hypothesis : - There is no significant difference in the performance of the experimental group and the control group in the achievement test at the level of ( 0.05 ). The Second Hypothesis : - There is no significant difference between the metacognitive skills of the experimental group and those of the control group at the level of ( 0.05 ).( 82 ) students ,who were randomly chosen of ( 163 ) third stage students / Dept. of Quran Sciences / College of Education / University of Kufa, participated in the study. The sample was divided into two groups : 42 students represented the experimental group who taught according to the blended learning strategy , and ( 40 ) students represented the control group who were taught according to the traditional methods. A number of variables, which may affect the study results, have been taken into consideration. These variables include : the students' age, intelligence, their academic achievement in certain educational courses, and the scores they get in the metacognitive skills scale in its pilot form. Moreover, a number of the study requirements have been delimited, namely, the subjects to be taught, identifying the behavioural goals, which were ( 278 ) goals according to Bloom's six levels, and preparing lesson plans. Two research methods have been constructed to be adopted in the present study. There is first the achievement test that contains 40 objective items, viz. multiple - choice items, and 10 writing essay items. The test face and content validity, recognition power, difficulty and error factors have all been checked. The second tool is concerned with identifying the participants' metacognitive skills. The scale consists of 45 items, distributed to three fields : planning, surveying and controlling, and assessment. The scale face and content validity were also checked. The researcher has taught the two study groups himself, and the experiment lasted an academic year 2015 - 2016, two classes a week for each group. At the end of the experiment, the achievement test has been made to the final subjects of the study for the two groups on Tuesday 3rd of May 2016. Measuring the metacognitive skills was conducted on Wednesday 4th of May 2016. Afterwards, the data have been analyzed according to certain statistical means which are suitable for the study, by using the statistical case for social sciences (SPSS 10).The results come to show the following : 1. The experimental group performed better in the academic achievement test of the Curricula and teaching methods course than the control group. 2. The experimental group show better metacognitive skills than the control group. Consequently, the study has come up with the following conclusions : 1. Blended learning strategy bridges the gap between pedagogy and technology.2. Blended learning strategy works on amending the students’ behavior and thinking and reinforcing their knowledge.The study presents a number of recommendations, the most important of which are the following : 1. Using the blended learning strategy in teaching the course of Curricula and Teaching Methods at the university level.2. Training university and school teachers on how to adopt modern methods and techniques in teaching including the blended method strategy to get benefit from the modern technologies in teaching.Finally, some suggestions have been made, the most important of which are : 1 - Conducting further comparable studies, as the present one, to other university stages and specializations. 2 - Studying the impact of the blended learning strategy on other variables, such as motivation, tendency, orientation, critical thinking and creative thinking.
الصفحات الاولى:

اثر طريقتي الاشارة والمحو التدريجي في حفظ النصوص الادبية وتنمية المحصول اللغوي لدى تلاميذ الصف الخامس الابتدائي The Effect Method Of Sings Gradual Elimination In The Keeping Literary Texts And Developing Verbal Vocabulary In Fifth Grade Elementary Students.

المصادر:
اسم المؤلف: علاء شيال فاخر محمد البهادلي
الملخص:
اسم المشرف: سعيد جاسم علي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
الموضوع الدقيق: المناهج وطرائق التدريس
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
السنة: 2017
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
المستخلص: يهدف هذا البحث معرفة اثر طريقتي الاشارة والمحو التدريجي في حفظ النصوص الادبية وتنمية المحصول اللغوي لدى تلاميذ الصف الخامس الابتدائي عن طريق التحقق من صحة فرضيتي البحث الاتيتين : • لا يوجد فرق دال احصائيا عند مستوى دلالة ( 0.05 ) بين متوسط درجات تلاميذ | The present aims at knowing The Effect Method of Sings GRADUAL ELIMINATION In THE KEEPING LITERARY TEXTS And developing verbal vocabulary in fifth grade elementary students. The following hypotheses are verified : - There are no statistical evidences (0.05) between the scores of three experimental groups (first - second - third) in the acquisition of Literature and Texts for fifth grade students in THE KEEPING LITERARY TEXTS. - There are no statistical evidences (0.05) between the scores of three experimental groups (first - second - third) in the acquisition of Literature and Texts for fifth grade students in verbal vocabulary.The following research is confined to the sample of the fifth grade students in preparatory and morning schools in Baghdad University, the themes of book of literature and texts to be taught to fourth grade students for the second semester \ academic year 2015/2016.The sample of study was (90) students with partial adjustment of the research sample. The sample of study was made up of primary schools in Baghdad. The researcher chose Al Shaibani Primary School for Boys affiliated to the General. Three sections were used, two of them are experimental groups and the last is control.The sample attained 90 students, as60 students in the two groups of study and 30 students per each. The researcher made a match of the two in matters of (degrees of mid - term exams, age calculated in months, intelligence test, the parent education , Exam verbal vocabulary ). The researcher adopted an acquisition test as an instrument applied at the end of the experiment, and came up to the following : There are no statistical evidences (0.05) the two experimental groups who studied Literature and Texts using Reciprocal KEEPING LITERARY TEXTS And developing verbal vocabulary group in conventional methods.The most important findings of this research are : 1. The Method of Sings GRADUAL ELIMINATION were effective in increasing acquisition of Literature and Texts.2. The use of The Method and Texts requires skill and efforts and time by teachers. The researcher comes up : 1 - Using the Method of Sings GRADUAL ELIMINATION in teaching Literature and Texts. 2 - Including methods of of teaching of college of education and teacher. the Method of Sings GRADUAL ELIMINATION bases and used.The most important finding : 1 - Making a similar study to this one to know the effect of Reciprocal Teaching and Self - Questioning strategies which the researcher used in other concepts and concepts and reading loud and grammar.2 - Making a similar study in other stages.
الصفحات الاولى:
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