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الجوانب القانونية لتحول الشركات العائلية الى شركات مساهمة == Legal Aspects of the Transformation of Family Company to joint Stock Company

اسم المؤلف: علي غانم ايوب
اسم المشرف: نسيبة ابراهيم حمو الحمداني
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
الصفحات الاولى:

انتهاء علاقة الشريك بالشركات التجارية : دراسة مقارنة

اسم المؤلف: رباب حسين كشكول
اسم المشرف: لطيف جبر كوماني
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

النظام القانوني للاستثمار المالي للشركات في العراق == The lawful system to the finance investment of the companies in Iraq

اسم المؤلف: مرتضى حسين ابراهيم السعدي
اسم المشرف: عباس مرزوك فليح العبيدي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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التوقيع الالكتروني في عقود التجارة الالكترونية : دراسة مقارنة == The Electronic Signature In The Commercial Internet

اسم المؤلف: حسون علي حسون الفتلاوي
اسم المشرف: حسن حنتوش رشيد الحسناوي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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التنظيم القانوني لعقد الاستثمار المصرفي : دراسة قانونية مقارنة

اسم المؤلف: عمر شفيق توفيق مهدي العزاوي
اسم المشرف: مجيد حميد العنبكي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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رهن الاسهم في الشركات التجارية : دراسة مقارنة

اسم المؤلف: عقيل مجيد كاظم السعدي
اسم المشرف: عباس مرزوك فليح العبيدي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
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جنسية الشركة اكتسابها وتغييرها في القانون اليمني : دراسة مقارنة == THE COMPANY IDENTITY , ITS ACQUISITION AND CHANGING AS : A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH THE YEMEN LAW

اسم المؤلف: عمار عبد الوهاب محمد الشرجي
اسم المشرف: علي زعلان نعمة العبادي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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التنظيم القانوني لمراقب الحسابات في شركات القطاع الخاص : دراسة مقارنة == The statutory organization of the auditor in the private sector : A comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: نهلة طعمة خلف
اسم المشرف: علي كاظم عزيز الرفيعي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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العقود التجارية للطاقة الكهربائية == Commercial Contracts for Electrical Energy

اسم المؤلف: علي فوزي ابراهيم الموسوي
اسم المشرف: علي كاظم عزيز الرفيعي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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النظام القانوني للشركة القابضة

اسم المؤلف: رسول شاكر محمود البياتي
اسم المشرف: حسن حنتوش رشيد الحسناوي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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مجلس ادارة الشركة المساهمة الخاصة : دراسة مقارنة == The Administration Council of The Private Joint - Stock Company : A Company Study

اسم المؤلف: عالية يونس عبد الرحيم الدباغ
اسم المشرف: كامل عبد الحسين حسن البلداوي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
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التضامن الصرفي في الاوراق التجارية == Exchange Solidarity in commercial papers

اسم المؤلف: يوسف عودة غانم المنصوري
اسم المشرف: مجيد حميد العنبكي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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النظام القانوني لادارة الشركات العامة في العراق

اسم المؤلف: امير حسن جاسم الجنابي
اسم المشرف: ماهر صالح علاوي الجبوري
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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الوفاء بقيمة الصك (الشيك)

اسم المؤلف: اشراق صباح صاحب الاعرجي
اسم المشرف: باسم محمد صالح
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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انحراف السفينة واثره في مسؤولية ناقل الشئ بحرا : دراسة مقارنة

اسم المؤلف: عبد الملك عبد الله محمد الورقي
اسم المشرف: مجيد حميد العنبكي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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ضمان ائتمان الصادرات في نطاق التجارة الدولية == EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTY IN THE FIELD OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE

اسم المؤلف: ماهر فاضل حمود الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: لطيف جبر كوماني
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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وثيقة التامين العائمة في النقل البحري : دراسة مقارنة

اسم المؤلف: سماح حسين علي
اسم المشرف: ابراهيم اسماعيل ابراهيم الربيعي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2003
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
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النظام القانوني للربح في الشركة المساهمة : دراسة مقارنة == Legal System of Profit of Joint Stock Company : A comparative study

اسم المؤلف: فيان يوسف نوري محمود
اسم المشرف: كامل عبد الحسين حسن البلداوي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
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الرقابة المصرفية على عمليات غسل الاموال : دراسة مقارنة == The Banking Supervision Of Money Laundering A Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: طيبة احمد علي
اسم المشرف: ابراهيم اسماعيل ابراهيم الربيعي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد موضوع الرقابة المصرفية على عمليات غسل الاموال من المواضيع المهمة والمتعلقة بالنظم الاقتصادية، وذلك لما للمصارف من دور فعال في الحياة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، فضلا عن دورها المهم في التنمية الوطنية بوصفها مركزا اساسيا للائتمان وتمويل المشاريع التجاري | The role of banks in monitoring money laundering transactions regarded as a main topics in economics systems; as banks play an active rule in so social and economic life.Also banks have vital part in national prosperity because it represent a main center for credit and for funding commercial projects and public services for all members of society.Bank should monitor all of his transactions, and there are a necessity of monitoring legality of bank accounts opening and banking credits. Bank Monitoring guarantee the transparency of financial transactions and avoid the many dangers, especially the phenomenon of transforming money from illegal sources to legal one by money laundering.Money laundering take many forms, some of them related to banks, like guarantee loans , Documentary letter of credit, banks accounts. Other forms are non - banks related, like using stock exchange markets and shell companies or through opening accounts and transferred money by electronic means to avoid detection by authorities.So Bank monitoring divided in two types : internal monitoring commence by bank boards of of administration or any entity have authorization by bank to do so.External monitoring execute by other authorities like central bank and external accounts oversight.The bank have many protocols and procedures to monitoring financial transactions, the main procedures are represent by two stages; The first stage to thwarted money laundering like verification of credibility of clients which include gathering Data from internal and external sources about client's financial status and take a right decision based on that data. Also bank stored all documents related to client's identity and sources of his money and all transactions between the bank and the client which enable bank to use this documents as an evidence to resolve issues arise between them.The second stage start after the discovery of money laundering of suspicion arise about it. This stage have many procedures like inform authorities to investigate the suspicious activities, and also freeze and seized assets related to this activities.From all that we concluded that bank have to make a balance between his right to monitor suspicious activities and the client's right of maintaining good reputation. The reasons for balancing is to avoid damaging client's reputation by issue a hesitate decisions relating to suspicions of money laundering. Also this decisions could held bank responsible in civil compensation especially if the client is a well - known merchant and that weakened his credibility.Also the bad decisions by bank could held him liable administratively by higher authorities, because bank have responsibility to choose right employees.

القانون الواجب التطبيق على عقد التامين : دراسة مقارنة == Applicable Law Of Insurance Contract A Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: زينة حازم خلف
اسم المشرف: كامل عبد الحسين حسن البلداوي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • القانون الواجب
  • عقد التامين
  • القانون، التطبيق
  • الواجب
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد عقد التامين الذي ينظم العلاقة ما بين المؤمن والمؤمن له ضرورة لتحقيق الامان والطمانينة لمصالح الافراد والجماعات المشتركين فيه ضد ما يحويه المستقبل لهم من اخطار يعجز الفرد بمفرده عن تحملها، كما يعد في المجتمع البداية الحقيقية للمستقبل الافضل لانه يشمل | Insurance contract which organized the relationship between the assuror and assured has a necessity to achieve safety and trust for individuals and groups' interest who participated in it against to what future hidden from risks that individual cant not bear to face it alone. As it consider in society the true starting for best life in human being. It is including an addition to the secure of man' life also the safety on his money properties and his life resources all with his mental and educational identity.Insurance contract in the frame of special international law considered a contract of important contract which needed to clarify in order to build legal system that practice on it. But if the contract itself produced a difficult, there will be no way to search its content but it will be just through searching in its insurance contract root age that distinguished it on what is similar with other contracts which specially reflected on the law that ruled it.So if we enabled to summaries limited indicators to the importance of insurance contract. This will simplify us showing legal adoptive as a preface to search the most distinguished theories and legal rules which are shaped the international law juries - consults (legal experts) and national organization like the Roma's convention for the year 1980 and young and Enfris rules concerned with mutual marines looses. In addition to legislations and different laws.But on the light of relations' information for the search which occupied the rules of necessary application of a distinguish place and mixed with rules that left for freedom of the parts and their desires. So it must be shade a light on these rules and norms as regarded, we added another dimensions for the problem of conflict of law in the concern of special national relations. The rules of necessary application are the most rules which to proceed with the nature of insurance contract that gave constant saving stability (necessary stability) and affirmed insurance for those whose relations will rule by a known law in advance.And lead to solution justice and established balance in the relation that the equality may occupied between its pats. Where these rules usually build on the base of mental relation which linked its content and aims with space of application. And distinguished it on the rules of single approach in attribution (single side) that characterized insurance contracts which organized according to the rules ( that applied) within Loyid's in international organization.In addition to that, the rules of necessary application were and still in respectable place by international organizations that handled this subject in place of search if it was to the Roma convention or for European direction. Cause it considered from order rules which the nations legislations aimed to achieve certain goals, represented in insurance contract with a protection the week partner (assure) and protected economical basis for these countries.If the law of necessary application on insurance contract being according to the special supporting limitations to protect the week part with economical and social basis for different countries which are contracted with this contract. So it is necessary to this law to not limit on the subject of contract, that expanding to all its elements except to what is related with insurer qualification which is always being on the shape of insurance company, insurer, and what is related with the shape of contract that represented by (insurance document). In addition to the claims of insurance contract which were juristic difficulties to what is related to the law that ruled it. So the Iraqi insurance law of the number (10) for the year 2005 has a special role in the field of rules businesses of necessary application on insurance contract which in its part reflected clearly on the traditional supporting rules (rule of willing law) which is represented in the article (1/25) of the Iraqi civil law

النظام القانوني لوكالة العقود التجارية : دراسة مقارنة == The Legal System Of Commercial Contracts Agency A Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: اسراء صلاح محمد سعيد الطائي
اسم المشرف: هالة مقداد احمد الجليلي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: وكالة العقود هي احدى صور الوكالة التجارية القائمة على فكرة النيابة الكاملة في التعاقد. فهي بمضمونها عقد يلتزم بموجبه شخص يسمى الوكيل بان يتولى على وجه الاستمرار، وفي منطقة نشاط معينة الترويج والتفاوض وابرام الصفقات باسم شخص اخر يدعى الموكل ولحسابه مقابل ا | Contracts agency is considered to be one the most commercial agencies that draw upon the idea of the complete proxy in contracting process. It is inclusively a contract that assumes an individual to undertake currently, in a certain active location, to negotiate and dealing. This can be fulfilled by the name and for the account of another constituent individual against a wage payable to the agent. The current study delineated that the contract has a property of being prominent rather than other formulas and commercial mediations. In order to fulfill the requirements of the any contract, there should be provided by parties of the contact (agent and procurator) and other individuals who sign the contract for them. The agent himself seeks individually to form this element, whichever advertisement, negotiating and ensuring. It should provide the prerequisite requirements (satisfaction, location and reason) for the integrity of the contract items to be validated in the rightful parties. Before the practice of the agent to the activities of implementing the contract agency inside the required country, he should make the procedures of the commercial record registration. Thus, it is prohibited to practice the agenda of commercial agency, only to the names recorded in the commercial record registration. These have been provided by the commercial agency lawful items. Commercial agency has properties may be associated with other contracts as a party - binding contract depends on negotiating among parties. Additionally, some properties that may be individualized tan others. The commercial agent characterized by individuality that he is free of managing all commercial activities. On the basis of signing the contract between the two parties, rights and commitments may be established. Many relations have emerged almost among the parties of the contract or the agent and the other individuals. If any party breaches the agency, there have been commitments about this type of liability.As for any contract, there must be validated. Contract agency provided the general reasons to validate the agency. Additionally, the lawmaker provided the individual reasons that the contract agency may have been validated. This can be seen in an individual will for one party of the contract and the idea of cooperative right that the contract thought was based on and justified the private system for the accomplishment. It is dedicated that the other party may be compensated as result to the violation of one item in contract agency on condition of uncompetitive procedure of the incompletion the contract. What is the conclusion of the judging condition and the degree of commitment to the parties of the contract after the validation?

المركز القانوني لقائد الطائرة == The Legal Position Of Aircraft Commander

اسم المؤلف: مهند موسى جاسـم
اسم المشرف: فاروق ابراهيم جاسم
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The pilot is regarded as a president of a state in the society that exist on board because of the remoteness of the aircraft from state authorities.It may be subjected to an emergency without control or surveillance or without supervisor from the governmen. Accordingly it was very necessary to have an authority on board works as government or does state responsibilities specially keeping order and security on board. The pilot was most proper person to be authorized such a responsibility and difficult task.Because of such difficult task , the international treaties , agreements and laws had put many compulsory obligations and conditions which should be available in the pilot. There were many differences among the specialists about the nature of the job of the pilot and the nature of this contract between him and the airways investor. Some of them prefer that the signed contract should be work contract with special nature due to some great difficulties about innocence work contract.Here we can call it " air work contract ". As the aircraft is the main instrument used in this case and used specially by the pilot , then we must refer to speaking about that subject before talking about the pilot personally. Also the air safety depends fundamentally upon the used aircraft in flight; therefore there should be some special conditions and characteristics available in that instrument. The pilot has wide authorities whether upon the passengers or the aircraft crew that exist on board or even the corresponding and communication on board. Anybody got such capacity , abilities and powers , he must have good qualifications and knowledge. Basing on such information and description, the success of air flight or it failure depends in fundamentally upon the competence and qualifications of the pilot. Dealing with such a subject needs explanation about the powers and responsibilities of the pilot., specifying the law concerned which should be applied on board , action which may or should be executed on board , events and behaviors that may occur during the air flight. Because the pilot has great and wide authorities and power , it was natural that the responsibilities should be in the same level with those authorities and powers.. He is completely responsible for all his conducts , behaviors and any action he does ob board. But still some of these behaviors may lead to catastrophe mistakes. Any mistake committed by the pilot may lead to destroying and crashing the aircraft and death of the passengers on board and the crew also. Accordingly the pilot will be responsible for the consequences of his mistake ;therefore he feels always that he has great and hard responsibility required from him attention and watchfulness , although some pilots cannot bear such consequences ;therefore the international laws specified the pilot's responsibilities and duties against special amount as with air investor

الالتزام بالافصاح في سوق الاوراق المالية : دراسة مقارنة == The Obligation To Disclose In The Stock Market (A Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: عمار عبد الرحمن صبري داود
اسم المشرف: وليد خالد عطية
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The stock market is one of the main pillars of the economies of the countries in the world today, especially after the trend of globalization, and the reflection of the effects of globalization on all aspects of life, including economic life, there is no doubt that the market growth and its development is only by developing the trust for the investors, by providing the data and the information which contribute to rationalize their decisions, and this can only be achieved if found in the stock market a tool serve as a channel flowing ones that information, and this channel is to disclose information relating to companies listed on the stock market. That's become the obligation to disclose in the stock market is an important way to monitor the company's activities, and to assess its performance, as he is one of the key factors in attracting capital, as it has an effective impact on the behavior of investors, since it increases the confidence rates, and safety among investors regarding for safety and financial company in particular, and the financial sector in general, through made available to investors on all aspects of the company's activities, on the grounds that the investor, whether physically or mentally has no direct means receives them that information, but to rely on information and reports revealed by those the company, for its activity and financial position in the stock market. Therefore, matching the information of reality, make his investment decision founded on realistic data, and vice versa if that information is not conform to reality quickly show him his investment decision is wrong. Based on this, there was an idea in the writing of this research, which contributed to the formation of this idea is the recent stock market experience in Iraq, this experience did not start in an orderly fashion, but in 1991, after the Baghdad Stock Exchange Act, which coincided with the economic sanctions, the recession economy, so it was not the law of any significant role in promoting the revitalization of the economy, and then the Iraqi interim law of 2004, which requires study, research, and scrutiny came, in particular, and he was put on hastily, an interpreter for the law streaked significant shortage, and contradiction, and not clarity, with a brief to organize disclosure in the instructions issued by the market and is related to the disclosure of listed companies, and brokerage firms, as well as the disclosure of proportions affecting and that you need to study and scrutiny, analysis, to identify shortcomings, and how to address them The search obligation to disclose in the stock market is a comparative study, by adopting a plan to discuss this issue aimed at briefing the multiple aspects of him, and in line with its importance, I divided this message in three classes as follows : The first chapter is to demonstrate the importance of complying with the disclosure in the stock market, which included two topics, the first topic devoted to the statement of commitment to the concept of disclosure in the stock market, and the second one to deal with the legal obligation to disclose rooting for in the stock market.The second chapter : it deals with the scope of the obligation to disclose in the stock market, by dividing it into two topics, the first topic deals with the scope of the obligation to disclose in the stock market in terms of the shop, and the Study of the second one deals with scale personal obligation to disclose in the stock market. Then the third and final chapter talked about the statement of commitment to disclose guarantees in the stock market and its breach penalty, which included two sections, the first dealing with the Study of the obligation to disclose guarantees, Study of a second to address the penalty violation of the obligation to disclose in the stock market. Then I have caused those chapters conclusion involving the most important content and the most prominent of the outcome of the search

الاعلان التجاري المقارن : دراسة قانونية مقارنة == Compartive Commercial Advertisement Comparisim Legal Study

اسم المؤلف: عبد الواحد حمد واحد الحسيني
اسم المشرف: جعفر كاظم جبر
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The world recently witnessed great economic development in most of world countries and it has happened great and various expansion in production. All that happens as a result of the amazing advancement in research, science, and modern technology aspects that totally leads to increase of quantities and qualities of goods and services that abound in the markets.As a result of that industrial and productive development there was a need to the media to largely contact customers in order to largely numerate advantages of produced goods and services and its characteristics particularly the demand and organize it towards these products, increase individuals' purchasing power for their needs and attempt of every advertiser in attracting the biggest number of customers to buy its products and services. With the development of means of commercials such as journalism, broadcasting, television and so forth it has been looked to the commercial as an important source of income; where private companies established for commercials and has established a foothold among the most important occupations that lead to the promotion of goods and services; the commercials has occupied markets and created actual revolution in the systems for selling and promotion; and became an unavoidable necessity in the economic system in the market.With time a special type of these commercials came to existence, that is, the comparative commercial advertisement that passed through steps of hesitation towards his legitimacy; the French judiciary has hesitated in many of its decisions to licensing this commercial; after this long hesitation, code or record of French consumption is issued with number (949) on January 18, 1993 that considered the borderline for its legitimacy, particularly the article number (121) through which the commercial is defined, stated the most important of its legitimated types and identified its elements and all characteristics; in addition some legislations has differed or disagreed about its legal nature as being obligatory became held by the contract and arrange its effects or it is an invitation for negotiation and does not reach the status of obligation; in addition, it has been recognized from its many similar situations that has common factor when each of them considers a means of media for the customer regarding the realty of mentioned information about the goods and services; this article also had put with it the legitimacy conditions of that comparative advertisement; that conditions included objective and formal conditions; the objective conditions some of it general that related to all advertisements and others limited to the comparative advertisements and related to products and prices; while the formal conditions some of it related to advertisement tools and others related to procedures that precede broadcasting that advertisement. Among other effects of the comparative commercial advertisement is the existence of rights and obligations affecting on all its parties; these rights differ from party to another according to each one's legal status and limits of responsibility.As a result of absence of special law in the Iraqi and Egyptian legislation that responsible to organize that advertisement it resorts to the general rules in the civilian responsibility in providing individual protection means where the consumer has the right in suing for implement contract obligation or Suit deceiving with injustice because of the defect against its will or the request for compensation in case of his disability in proving the former two suits; the merchant who lost his trade has the right as well, according to the general rules in civilian responsibility, to complain against the advertiser with accusation of illegitimate competition to compensate its damages. Going back to some comparative legislations, we can find that there are other means of collective civilian protection that provided by these legislations to the loser in case of failing of individual means in achieving enough protection to him; these means can be identified by claims of Associations of protecting consumers that specialized in protecting consumers and claims of professional syndicates that specialized for merchants who are members of a professional syndicate.

حماية اقلية المساهمين في الشركات المساهمة وفق قانون الشركات العراقي : دراسة قانونية مقارنة == Protection Of Minority Shareholders In Joint Stock Companies In Accordance With The Iraqi Companies Act Comparative Legal Study

اسم المؤلف: عباس عبادي نعمة فاضل القرة غولي
اسم المشرف: علي فوزي ابراهيم الموسوي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون التجاري
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: عرضت هذه الدراسة حماية اقلية المساهمين من القرارات التعسفية الصادرة عن اغلبية المساهمين في الشركات المساهمة في ضوء قانون الشركات العراقي النافذ رقم (21) لسنة (1997م) المعدل، مع الاخذ بالحسبان التعديلات التي طرات على هذا القانون بموجب امر سلطة الائتلاف ال | This study deals with the protection of minority of shareholders in the arbitrary decisions of the majority shareholders in joint stock companies in the light of the Iraqi Companies Act in force No. (21) for the year (1997) amended , taking into account adjustments made to this law under the Coalition Provisional Authority and defunct number (64) for the year (2004) compared with the Egyptian and French laws and some Arab laws. Since the protection of the minority in the face of the oppression of the majority in the shareholding companies is extremely important as it provide a true balance of the structure of the company by giving shareholders the required powers to conduct the management of the company as that achieved with success on the one hand, and by using of the majority of its way to harm the other shareholders in the company on the other hand, we have studied some of what it has been written on this subject , analyzing and extracting the fundamental concepts and principles related to the study ,recording of comments and discuss the doctrinal views and analysis of legal texts. It has been addressing the subject of the study through three seasons whereas as mean of clarifying and defining of a minority of shareholders in joint stock companies in terms of the definition and we have clarified its role in the management of the company and showing the legal status of the shareholder in the company as well as we explained the characteristics of minority shareholders as well as to clarify the distinction between the minority shareholders and shareholders passive on two demands and then showing the arbitrariness of the majority of shareholders in joint stock companies in three topics we dealt with in the first such arbitrariness in the decisions of the majority of shareholders, either second topic dealt samples of arbitrariness of the majority of shareholders in the company, which harm the interests of minority and relate these arbitrarily decisions majority in fledgling companies or arbitrariness when increase the capital of the joint - stock company or when adding profits to the reserves or when merging company to contribute to another, under the decision of a majority or when trading stocks and transfer of ownership between shareholders first non Although the right of the owner of the stock in the trading and transmission of ownership through the stock market, but there are legal restrictions or regulatory limit the freedom of circulation, but this should not be up to the extent of those restrictions confiscation of freedom of the shareholder to dispose of their shares otherwise it was illegal and discussed in the abuse of power in the Board of Directors of the company and contribute to its impact on the rights of the minority shareholder.To find out the ways and mechanisms to protect this category of shareholders , we have been showed in the third chapter whereas we showed legislative means to protect minority shareholders, both those that are located within the Public Authority for the shareholders of the right of access to company documents and records, or those located outside the body of the role of the auditor in the protection of minority and inspection companies. Besides that there are other means of recourse to its minority to protect itself and its failure to arbitrary decisions adverse effects of the right and is in the interest of the company as a criterion for judicial intervention in restoring balance between classes of shareholders in the company as one of the most important judicial means which help to protect the minority as well as a showing received such means in law firms because of their importance in protecting the minority, including the right to veto the decisions of the General Assembly and to claim compensation or to apply to the courts to resolve the company's deficit at an advanced means of protection for the previous majority abusive. Then we will discuss also the role of corporate governance in providing the necessary framework and appropriate that protection of minority shareholder through showing the principles of the five global positions of comparative legislation which, because of this role of importance in maintaining the balance between classes of shareholders in companies and then reflected positively on the company's success and progress in the middle commercial. We ask God Almighty that we have been successful in reaching this study to the desired scientific interest.
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