البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

المستخلص: Egypt and Ethiopia two countries regional and despite the lack of juxtaposition but they have enjoyed the characteristics of a common geostrategic, The fact is that there are a number of various factors affecting the Egyptian - Ethiopian relations after exceeding in the geo - strategic character as the interactions between them follow the path of his close association other interactions being in the regional and international area. , maybe the most prominent of these reactions appear when the exploitation of the Nile River, which originates in Ethiopia and flows into Egypt water issue and in spite of this interaction and overlap which features multiple levels and ties between Egypt and Ethiopia, but the relations between them despite the interference experienced a swing going on where they pass through cases of ups, downs, tensile and lax, It development to a better level of tension and then step back and end the estrangement earning recipe tactical relations of the accounts of temporary and immediate purposes, not for reasons of long - term strategy.We can say that the most prominent issue and the most important stand out by trying to Ethiopia exploit the headwaters of the Nile River, which the most important is located in its territory, toward non - recognition of acquired rights for the rest of the States participating in the Nile River, including Egypt, as it represents the Nile River to Egypt a matter of life and the story of the presence Hence the Egyptian direction concentrated trying to find common ground for economic cooperation with Ethiopia to prevent the recent use of the issue of the Nile water for political leverage against Egypt, but Ethiopia was trying always to check what is more, especially that the historical relations between the folk Ethiopian and Egyptian were solid relationships over which religious relations between Muslims and Copts who share the same religion and the Church of one.Ethiopia It has tried to achieve the goals and objectives multi - through investment Nile water issue was the establishment of political successive Ethiopian regimes to achieve a political speech for the purpose of exchange of view inside Ethiopia for retreats political, economic and disadvantages including Ethiopia, as well as trying to recent use of water for political leverage to the States participating in the Nile River and especially Egypt, due to the sites and recent weight in the region, and increasing the severity of the situation it is for many Western countries to provide support to Ethiopia on the basis that the poorest countries, but it's made for the international community animportant help in Somalia, along with that Ethiopian relations Zionism has always been a distinct starting from the transfer of the Falasha Jews from Ethiopia to Israel and through providing aid Intelligence and Informatics of the Zionist entity, eight of the Zionist entity feet and offers to Ethiopia experiences in the field of agriculture, and sanitation systems drinking water, along with the widening areas of cooperation in the waters of the Nile , as the Zionist entity was still hoping to transfer water tortured him by Al - Salam Canal, as well as to achieve even further political ends will not be available in front of him, but of course in cooperation with Ethiopia.On this basis, aims to study trace type prevailing relations between Egypt and Ethiopia, and what are the most important variables both regional and international that affect the type and form of these relations between the two countries, as well as to highlight the most important challenges facing the Egyptian - Ethiopian relations, according to the political, economic and social internal effects as well as shed variables light on the regional and international factors and their impact

دور المعاهدات في تحقيق التوازن الدولي : معاهدات تخفيض الاسلحة الاستراتيجية انموذجا Role Treaties In Achieving International Balance Treaties Strategic Arms Reduction

اسم المؤلف: وليد عبد الخضر محمد المعموري

اسم المشرف: ملوك حميد محمد

الموضوع العام: العلوم السياسية

السنة: 2017

الموضوع الدقيق: العلاقات الدولية والسياسة الخارجية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية العلوم السياسية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The subject of the study "The Role of Treaties in Achieving International Balancing : Strategic Weapons Reduction Treaties Typical" is an important topic of international policy debate. The growing problem of strategic arms limitation and its danger is compounded by the long term destructive capabilities of strategic weapons Relations between the United States and the Soviet Union after the Second World War were characterized by turmoil, tension and a lack of cooperation for a relatively long time. This cooperation was confined directly to the strategic treaties. To the remarkable events in the evolution of US - Soviet relations since the sixties of the last century and called the era of reconciliation between the two superpowers. The first treaty was signed in 1972, which was called the (Salt 1) Treaty, which established the foundations of strategic stability between the United States and the Soviet Union by putting an end to the arms race. The talks continued between the two sides. The outcome of the talks was the signing of the (Salt II) Treaty of 1979, and the 1987 Treaty on the Removal of Rocket. Cold War strategic treaties have been used to reduce strategic weapons to the principle of equal security for the two sides in order to maintain parity in strategic stability, in particular by putting an end to the arms race between the two sides and to establish a stable and open and predictable relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union. A new era of talks appeared between the United States and the Russian Federation the legitimate of the Soviet Union in order to achieve a greater reduction in strategic weapons. The Treaty of (STARTI) was signed in 1991, this treaty was an extension of previous treaties. Until the held of (START II) Treaty in 1993. Following the September 11, 2001, talks between the two sides continued until the Treaty of (Sort) was signed in 2002 to strengthen the position of cooperation and partnership of the two sides and their stance against terrorism. After the entry into force of the Treaty of (Surat) in 2009, the new (START) treaty was signed in 2010, The treaty further co - operation and joint leadership between the United States of America and the Russian Federation. The strategic treaties after the Cold War have been positive for the United States, recognizing the strategic superiority of the United States of America over the Russian Federation. For the Russian Federation, strategic treaties after the Cold War satisfy their desires at that stage in achieving international peace and security. In the strategic balance and tend to balance the forces in favor of the United States of America, but the alternative to the treaty either surrender or return to an arms race is not strong by the Russian Federation. The study summarized the future visions of the strategic treaties to two scenes. The first is the retreat of the role of strategic treaties and their erosion because of the withdrawal of the United States of America and the Russian Federation from the obligations imposed by the strategic treaties, which in turn may lead to a return to a new arms race. The second scene is weapon of strategy cooperation and partnership in the fight against terrorism, one of the pillars of Russian - US cooperation. It has always been one of the issues that the visions of the two countries are fully compatible with and the two side’s efforts to preserve their national security