دور المعاهدات في تحقيق التوازن الدولي : معاهدات تخفيض الاسلحة الاستراتيجية انموذجا == Role Treaties In Achieving International Balance Treaties Strategic Arms Reduction
Author name:
وليد عبد الخضر محمد المعموري
Supervisor name:
ملوك حميد محمد
General topic:
Political Science
Specific topic:
International Relations and Foreign Policy
Degree:
Master
University:
Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Political Science
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
14T652 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The subject of the study "The Role of Treaties in Achieving International Balancing : Strategic Weapons Reduction Treaties Typical" is an important topic of international policy debate. The growing problem of strategic arms limitation and its danger is compounded by the long term destructive capabilities of strategic weapons Relations between the United States and the Soviet Union after the Second World War were characterized by turmoil, tension and a lack of cooperation for a relatively long time. This cooperation was confined directly to the strategic treaties. To the remarkable events in the evolution of US - Soviet relations since the sixties of the last century and called the era of reconciliation between the two superpowers. The first treaty was signed in 1972, which was called the (Salt 1) Treaty, which established the foundations of strategic stability between the United States and the Soviet Union by putting an end to the arms race. The talks continued between the two sides. The outcome of the talks was the signing of the (Salt II) Treaty of 1979, and the 1987 Treaty on the Removal of Rocket. Cold War strategic treaties have been used to reduce strategic weapons to the principle of equal security for the two sides in order to maintain parity in strategic stability, in particular by putting an end to the arms race between the two sides and to establish a stable and open and predictable relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union. A new era of talks appeared between the United States and the Russian Federation the legitimate of the Soviet Union in order to achieve a greater reduction in strategic weapons. The Treaty of (STARTI) was signed in 1991, this treaty was an extension of previous treaties. Until the held of (START II) Treaty in 1993. Following the September 11, 2001, talks between the two sides continued until the Treaty of (Sort) was signed in 2002 to strengthen the position of cooperation and partnership of the two sides and their stance against terrorism. After the entry into force of the Treaty of (Surat) in 2009, the new (START) treaty was signed in 2010, The treaty further co - operation and joint leadership between the United States of America and the Russian Federation. The strategic treaties after the Cold War have been positive for the United States, recognizing the strategic superiority of the United States of America over the Russian Federation. For the Russian Federation, strategic treaties after the Cold War satisfy their desires at that stage in achieving international peace and security. In the strategic balance and tend to balance the forces in favor of the United States of America, but the alternative to the treaty either surrender or return to an arms race is not strong by the Russian Federation. The study summarized the future visions of the strategic treaties to two scenes. The first is the retreat of the role of strategic treaties and their erosion because of the withdrawal of the United States of America and the Russian Federation from the obligations imposed by the strategic treaties, which in turn may lead to a return to a new arms race. The second scene is weapon of strategy cooperation and partnership in the fight against terrorism, one of the pillars of Russian - US cooperation. It has always been one of the issues that the visions of the two countries are fully compatible with and the two side’s efforts to preserve their national security
