اسم المؤلف:
مرتضى خلف حسين السهلاني
اسم المشرف:
صالح جعيول جويعد السراي
المستخلص:
The study of personalities who played different roles in the political, economic and social aspects played a large role in modern history because of the importance of the individual in the formation of society, and that this type of studies is fraught with many difficulties due to divergent opinions about this personality or personal interest Or sectarian and partisan differences, but we tried to exercise caution and objectivity for fear of slipping into favoritism and bias, and in light of our understanding of the specificity of this approach. Most studies and books dealing with the history of Lebanon focused on Lebanon's general political situation, Political figures who exercised a prominent role in moving historical events and painted features, we chose the subject of the message (Fouad Boutros and political role in Lebanon 1917 - 1982) left because of a significant impact in the contemporary history and memory of the Lebanese came. The study was divided into four chapters. The first chapter focused on the emergence of Fouad Boutros and his social and administrative composition until one year 1959 ) dealt with the historical roots of the family of Fuad Boutros, his origin, his teaching and the difficulties he faced, and how he began his activity in the legal profession and in the administrative posts he obtained in the Ministry of Justice.The second chapter was entitled "The Political Activity of Fuad Boutros under Fuad Shehab and Charlo Helou 1959 - 1969". It was divided into three sections. The first topic dealt with the entry of Fuad Boutros, the political activist and his ministerial role in the era of Fuad Shehab, focusing on his activities in the ministries he occupied, And his position on the coup attempt of the Syrian National Party. The second topic dealt with the activities of Fuad Boutros, the minister and the diplomat during the reign of Charles Helou. He highlighted his most prominent actions and procedures in the Ministries of Defense and Education, Of the Lebanese territory, and a course in addressing the Lebanese - Syrian crisis in 1968, while the third section focused on the role of Fouad Boutros Parliament (1960 - 1968), including his efforts in the formation of an independent parliamentary bloc and the movement of national progress , which were his leadership, as well as its effective role in the victory of President Charles Helou in the elections that took place in the House of Representatives in 1964.The third chapter, entitled "The Diplomatic and Military Role of Fouad Boutros in the Lebanese Civil War of 1976 - 1978", examined the events of the period mentioned in three sections, the first of which was the activity of Fouad Boutros under the government of Elias Sarkis during 1976 - 1977; The second topic deals with the role of Fouad Boutros in the face of the 1978 crises represented by his position on the Fayyadiyya incident and his diplomatic activity in the face of the first Israeli invasion in 1978. the third He focused on the attempts of Fouad Boutros to organize the Lebanese military establishment for the years 1977 - 1978 as defense minister during the said period.The fourth chapter sheds light on (Fouad Boutros 'diplomatic efforts to confront the Lebanese political developments 1979 - 1982). He divided into two sections, the first of which dealt with Fouad Boutros' diplomatic moves to deal with the Lebanese crises (1979 - 1980), which included his position on the renewal of the southern problem and its impact on the situation (1981 - 1982). He studied the movements of Fouad Boutros and the solutions he presented to deal with the crisis of Zahle and the missiles in general. 1981, as well as its activities And Massey to face the second Israeli invasion in 1982, and concluded the chapter by the resignation of Fouad Boutros political work in October 1982. It focused its political role in the first two phases under President Fouad Chehab and Charles Helou, the most prominent a Sttaa accomplished in this era through the receipt of the Ministry of Justice is to make the first word to eliminate not Askar, and succeeded in achieving a fair trial for two coups nationalists, and at the level of the State Department proved diplomatic prowess Through which he gained the support of the world countries for the rights and sovereignty of Lebanon on his own land, as well as succeeded in extracting resolution 262, which condemned Israel for the first time in the United Nations.A is the second phase of the currency of political began in the era of President Elias Sarkis marked a his side a joint working group based on the ideas of the special joint moderation and political balance, characterized by his diplomacy during the civil war by clicking on the axes of conflict and succeeded in which the reduction of Israeli attacks on land And the implementation of the early stages of the Staoura Agreement. His policy was based on the reconciliation of flexibility and firmness, the rejection of the Palestinian armed presence on Lebanese territory, the great efforts exerted to defend Lebanon during the first and second Israeli incursions, E. Diplomacy With the adoption of Resolution 425, we can say that Fouad Boutros is a first - class politician, as he is like the trend of balance and balance in the time of sectarianism and the aftermath of the civil war
