اسم المؤلف:
خلف صالح علي عبد الله الجبوري
اسم المشرف:
هشام حكمت عبد الستار العزاوي
المستخلص:
The political reform one of the important means used to make progress in the political process because of factors require undertaking this reform and modernization, in democratic systems is the process of political reform of the most important mechanisms which are used for changes in the political system properly, and this process is after period of political practice, where he spoke developments within the community, and these developments necessarily reflected the political reality, which requires him to hold political and economic reforms and social, as the reform and democratization must include all systems that use by humans in the organization of society politically and economically, intellectually and religiously and psychologically. Based on that, the process includes three political dimensions which the technical side and the regulatory side and the behavioral side, as each side in the differentiation between communities, the technical side, which includes the manufacturing process and it must distinguish between industrial societies and non - industrial. The organizational aspect reflects the diversity and specialization where a distinction is made between the communities simple and complex, and finally dimension behavioral means rationality and scientific thinking in the face of thinking metaphysical and non - scientific, and linked these dimensions a number of social changes, such as increasing phenomenon of urban and low level of literacy and the proliferation of means of communication and the media and the degree of political participation and scope, in order to create the necessary changes to the political system in order to suit the new societal reality.The essence of political participation of political development as a political activity that symbolizes the contribution of citizens and their role in shaping the policies of the State, and the conduct of public affairs as well, and choose political leaders. So the process of institutionalizing this review that contribute to political parties and to activate the political development will be working on the transfer of political practice to the level of institutional and political action devoted part of a democratic political structure. This process is performed framing the political conflict between the political forces on the political decision - making authority and taken and public policy frameworks and institutional mechanisms. This is done through containment political activities of individuals and political forces aimed at contributing to or influence the process of making decisions and taken within the channels institutions party which makes its presence as the backbone making process and political decisions taken which drives that do not exist for the development of real political, but the existence of political parties and given the role actual expression of differentiated and competing interests and representation in a democratic atmosphere intact.Therefore, political parties are one of the most important political developments where rules play an important role in contemporary political life. And simple look to the nature and functions of political parties will contribute to highlight the role played by political parties in the political development process, parties are working to raise public awareness and channeled through the education political and party to ensure citizen participation in governance and to express his opinion and interests, and to strengthen its role in the process taking place in the political framework of the political system and are well organized political trends among citizens and attracted some attention to public affairs, and their rights and freedoms and the means to express them. The existence of political parties needs to confirm the opposition and the other opinion and the possibility of organizing peaceful succession of power. Is also one of the key institutions for the realization of human rights and political freedoms by organizing the active participation of individuals in political life, in addition to partisan action is a political school to prepare the political leaders, training and rehabilitation for political action and official positions. Also, the parties are channels of communication between the government and the people and afford the opportunity to get to know the opinion of the people and their wishes and trends.And associated term political reform always political parties, and the role assigned to them to achieve this reform, or at least a role in the process of achieving reform or political development, including lead to lay the foundations established by the democratic society based on pluralism and access from the principle of rotation of power between the parties or currents different as it is prevalent in the Western world.And access to the role that is doing the political parties in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, he notes that in 1999, after the inauguration of King Abdullah II to the throne in Jordan, began a new political era toward democracy, and that is to complete the stage before began in 1989 entitled basic democracy, pluralism and expand base of popular participation in governance, and the return of parliamentary life, and respect for responsible freedom of expression and press freedom, as adopted Jordan principle multiparty system, and the development of a center for studies of freedom, democracy and human rights, and women have become Jordanian enjoy their political rights in full, including the right to nomination and election and holding leadership positions and then came the decision to cancel martial law in 1992, a confirmation of the path of democracy and confirmation of the stage democracy enacted new legislation have first and foremost law on political parties in 1992 and Press and Publications Law, and the draft labor law and workers, it was for political parties Jordanian active role in these transformations, after entering within the framework of legitimacy, and obtained the necessary licenses to engage in political activities, and after the proliferation of these parties, the party has become such a system, worth a pause based on a careful review of their status and activities and its future prospects in the implementation of the party programs. The first of these axes the ability of parties Jordanian on their commitments and implement programs offered by and relating to political reform, and given the frequent these parties, most writers and researchers divided it to four streams or trends, namely : the Islamic trend/ represented by (the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party), which is based on the heritage of my party stands for Brotherhood Muslims, and added to this trend other Muslim powers such as Islamic Doa'a movement and others. Socialist trend/ posed by several parties as the Popular Unity party, the Jordanian Communist Party, Jordanian Democratic Party. The third is the centrist trend and most important its parties : the Covenant and the future, etc., while representing the national trend : parties, both the Arab Socialist Baath Jordanian Democratic and Arab Party.Because the Islamic Action Front Party of more political parties with more popular and The long political history and more effective on the Jordanian political scene, he was chosen as a case for study or research.Borders : - Can be summarized within the message here, it was focused on the role played by political parties in the process of political reform, as well as the role of the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party in the process of political reform in the Hashemite Kingdom of JordanThe importance : - The process of political reform main entrance of the political development and the achievement of the rest of the reforms (economic, administrative, social, cultural), and start by providing conditions and real guarantees for the completion of reforms and a comprehensive national in order to build a state of institutions modern be a true reflection of society's values, and is dedicated to further its own interests, and the bottom line here is in the transition to political life and formal status to the application and the actual practice of the state institutions and equal citizenship, and here comes this study shows the urgent need for the application of the political reform process, and analyze the role of parties as one of the institutions of the political system in the process of political reform.The problematic : - Off problematic this study of several questions are as follows : (What are the features of the process of political reform in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan after 1999 AD? What are the real motives upon which political parties Jordanian calls reformist, and what the obstacles facing those parties in the process of political reform in the Kingdom? And what role the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party in the process of political reform in Jordan in light of those motivations and constraints?)The hypothesis : - Study is built on three basic assumptions that : 1. There's democratic transition process of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan since 1989 and continued until after 1999 and to the present day.2. And there is a reciprocal relationship between the role of political parties and the process of political reform in Jordan.3. And the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party has broader role in the process of political reform in Jordan).Methodology : - The researcher in his career on the constructivist approach and the historical method and their employment in the case study.Structure : - Included our tagged (political parties and political reform in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan since 1999 : the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party as a case study) three chapters as well as the prologue and epilogue, we listed in the first chapter to the political parties and political reform (Theoretical Study) in four sections, devoted the first the definition of the concept of political parties in terms of definition and jobs. And me the second part, the concept of political reform and distinguish it from the conceptual approach him. The third section focused on the main mechanisms and constraints of political reform, and the fourth section addressed the role of political parties in political reform.The second chapter of the letter titled Jordanian political parties and political reform among the drivers and constraints, is divided into three sections, the first of which included reading of the reality of political life in Jordan. While between the second part, the motives of political reform in Jordan, which are two types of internal and external. And included a third section of this chapter reading of the constraints faced by the political reform process in Jordan. The third chapter research has included the role of the the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party in political reform in Jordan through three sections : in the first of which read for the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party (definition - Growing - features), while touched second section to : see the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party for political reform , while third topic touched on the role of the Islamic Jabhaat Al A'mal Party and its mechanisms in political reform.
