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التدخل البيئي في نطاق القانون الدولي العام == Environmental intervention in the field of public international law

اسم المؤلف: ثامر رضاء علي المفرجي
اسم المشرف: هالة صلاح ياسين الحديثي | سلوى احمد ميدان المفرجي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كركوك

المسؤولية الدولية عن جريمة الارهاب الدولي == The International Responsibility of in international terrorist Grime

اسم المؤلف: حنان حسن ملاح
اسم المشرف: عبد الرسول كريم ابو صيبع
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:

الحماية الدولية للعاملين في اجهزة العدالة == International protection for workers in the justice agencies

اسم المؤلف: علي كاظم عبد جاسم الغزي
اسم المشرف: محمد ثامر مخاط السعدون
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تنطوي مهمة اقامة العدل على مخاطر جمة ايسرها التزام الحياد, وامضاها مواجهة السلطة . بينما تنصرف الحماية الدولية الى تحديد نوع الخطر وجهته الذي يهدد العاملين في اجهزة العدالة وتقرير ما يمكن للوقاية منه او تقليل خطورته . ان مفهوم الاستقلال, يختلف من المحامي الى القضاة الى الادعاء العام, فالاول يمكن ان يكون واجبات والتزامات . وفي الثاني يمكن ان يكون توفير كل ما من شانه ان يجعل من القضاء سلطة بموازاة السلطات الاخرى, وضمان عدم التدخل والتاثير في قرارات واحكام القضاة . اما الادعاء العام, فان مفهوم الاستقلال يكون بتحديد علاقته بجميع الاطراف التي يتعامل معها, من قضاة ومحامين واطراف الدعوى الاخرين . وعليه فان الموضوع وان يتناول مفردة بهذا المعنى, الا انها تختلف من حيث المضمون . كذلك فان هذا الامر ينطبق على صور الحماية الاخرى, من تنظيم الخدمة, الى ضمان الحريات الاساسية, جميع هذه الامور وان يشترك بها جميع العاملين في اجهزة العدالة, الا ان لكل منها معنا خاصا بها مع عدم اغفال ان هناك مشتركات كثيرة, بين مفاهيم البحث يجعل من الربط بينها اظهار ان العدالة, وحدة واحدة تتكامل بتكامل عناصرها . وهكذا مثلا لا تجد, دولة ليس فيها نقابة محامين, بغض النظر عن تبعية هذه النقابة, الا انه في الوقت نفسه, تجد كثير من البلدان ليس فيها تجمع مهني للقضاة والادعاء العام . لذا تجد ان البحث حاول بيان هذه المفاهيم, واعطاء خصوصية لكل مفردة . وبعد ان تناول البحث الصكوك الدولية والاقليمية الخاصة بالموضوع, بالتحليل والشرح وبيان ما هو الاقرب منها لموضوع الحماية وما هو الانسب, استعاض البحث عن القرارات القضائية بما اورده المقرر الخاص, من رسائل ونداءات عاجلة في كل ما يخص الموضوع, والتي تعتبر دراسة معمقة لاحوال الدول القانونية . وحاول البحث التطرق للتشريعات العراقية الخاصة بالموضوع, ليبين مدى مطابقة هذه التشريعات مع المعايير والمبادئ الدولية, ليعطي للمشرع العراقي ومن يشملهم البحث رؤية واضحة عن مدى ملائمة هذه التشريعات مع القانون الدولي, الذي نامل ان ياخذ بها المعنيون . | Involve significant administration of justice on the enormous risks easiest commitment to neutrality, and he spent the face of power. While goes international protection to determine the type of danger that threatens his part and Justice Foundation and determine what can to prevent it or minimize the seriousness . Judges, lawyers, public prosecutors, with the same rights enjoyed by any other human being, but it must ensure in particular to protect them, because they are guarantors for the enjoyment of others of these rights, it is not available to workers in the justice systems, independence and impartiality of the judicial system becomes arbitrary and become a tool in the hands of other powers, especially the executive branch, and we will see that the concept of independence, differs from the lawyer, the judges, the public prosecutor, in first, it could be the duties and obligations. In the second, it can be, providing everything you would, that makes the judiciary authority in parallel with other authorities, and to ensure non - interference and influence in the decisions, and the provisions of the judges. The latter, we mean the public prosecution, the concept of independence, the Select relationship, all parties with which it deals, judges, lawyers, and other parties to the suit. Accordingly, the subject, and that deals with a single, in the same sense, but they differ in terms of content. Also, this thing applies to other forms of protection, of the service organization, to ensure basic freedoms, such as the right to freedom of expression, professional and assembly, to immunity, and accountability, all of these things, though shared by all employees of the justice agencies, but each her own sense of them, not forgetting, if there are many participants, between the concepts of research, makes the link between them, to show that justice, and a single unit, the integration of complementary elements. Thus, for example, you do not find, that is not a country where union lawyers, regardless of the subordination of this union, but at the same time, you find a lot of countries, which is not a professional association of judges, and public prosecutors. So you find that search, try to explain these concepts, giving the privacy of each individual . international and regional instruments on the subject, analysis, annotation, and a statement that is closest to them, the subject matter of protection, and what is the most appropriate, replaced the search for judicial decisions, including the report by the Special Rapporteur of the letters and urgent appeals, both in terms of subject, which is an in - depth study of the legal conditions of countries. And tried to search, Iraqi legislation addressed, the Iraqi constitutions, to the ordinary laws, to show the compatibility of such legislation, standards, and international principles, to give the Iraqi lawmaker, is covered by the search, a clear vision, how much appropriate legislation, with international law, which we hope will take them involved. The division of this research, into three chapters, the first chapter deals with, international protection for lawyers. And Chapter II international protection for judges. Chapter III international protection for the prosecution. Finally, this study is over, a conclusion include several conclusions, reached by the search, and several recommendations, can enhance international protection for workers in the justice agencies.

التنظيم الدولي لشرط التسليم او المحاكمة واثره في النظام القانوني العراقي == International REGULation of the CoNDITION OF extradiTION or TRIAL AND ITS IMPACT ON the Iraqi legal system

اسم المؤلف: مهند هادي عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: محمد ثامر مخاط السعدون
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The condition of Extradition or trial is a new and old condition, adopted by the " Grocius " 400 years ago, on day at which the international law as whole was undergoing a jelly - like period. It is now dealt with by the International Law Commission after the International law appears to be broad enough to suffer fragmentation.On the one hand, it links the requirement of condition of extradition or trial between international and criminal law, but this does not impair its international character , it is reflected positively on the international instruments that codified the international endeavor to prevent crimes known as transnational crimes, that have generated other close concepts to it such as inclusive jurisdiction and principle of integration .On the other hand, this international organization was revealed to be of three levels. First, the organization dealt the condition that research included the sources of its conditions and obstacles to effective application . The second level tackles the organization of international agreements to this condition, which take this condition out of its political nature to give it a purely legal character for the purpose of dealing with organized international crimes. This organization had a clear impact in the scope of energy transfer, technology, cybercrime and extradition conventions. The third level discusses the judicial regulation of the condition of extradition or trial, which is added up to this condition through the guarantees established by the judiciary so that to guarantee human rights and to violate his freedom . Finally, we come upon the impact of this condition in Iraqi legal system represented by the agreements that Iraq ratified and joined as well as its impact on criminal legislation, whether criminal or substantive. The study as well dealt with the point of condition in the special criminal laws .The requirement of extradition or prosecution is meant to pursue offenders and act upon prosecuting them in any place or to bring them to a party whom it wishes to put them into in order not to provide him with a safe haven. It is also clear that the Iraqi criminal legislation is free of any text that would include this requirement .

مبدا الصحيفة البيضاء في خلافة الدول في المعاهدات == The Principle Of Tabula Rasa In The Succession Of States In Treaties

اسم المؤلف: باقر عبد الكاظم علي الكرعاوي
اسم المشرف: طيبة جواد حمد المختار
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The principle of Tabula Rasa (clean slate) is one of the principles governing the succession of States in respect of Treaties, provided for in Article (16) of the Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties in 1978 and determined the scope of application of the principle according to this article the newly independent states of colonialism without the other new states arise from the separation with the survival of the predecessor State, or the demise of the predecessor State in the case of solving the state, according to this principle, it proceeds to the newly independent state of international life free from the obligations contained in the treaties concluded by the predecessor State relating to the province of new state back.The principle of Tabula Rasa (clean slate) on a fixed legal grounds represent a peremptory rules can not be violated, including that of the newly independent states such as the right of peoples to self - determination and the principle of equality among States, including with regard to the legal nature of the treaties which ( pacta sunt servanda) rule and the principle of the relative effect of treaties. Full two exceptions to this principle, provided them articles (11.12) of the Convention relating to Article 11 treaties established systems to the international border, while Article 12 established treaties and other regional systems relate.The world is very influenced by the political geography and the succession of States, so it need to know when and how to prevent legal liabilities of the predecessor State to the successor State. However very great importance Given to the study of international law regarding the succession of states, and has become the forefront of research, in order to give solutions to international problems resulting from a succession of States, which was still under discussion and disagreement.The subject of a succession of States is not to agree on a uniform international rules that can be applied by States in relation to the succession of States on treaties, because the practice of States in respect of succession is not coherent or cohesive logical, albeit mostly determined by political considerations, not legal, and then develop solutions to the problems of succession on the basis of special agreements.The Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties of 1978, the distinction between "newly independent states" emerging from decolonization, and other new states is emerging from decolonization, which approved the application of the principle of Tabula Rasa ( clean slate) on the newly independent states, which are thus automatically lack of commitment treaties concluded by the predecessor State (colonial). While this principle does not apply to other new states of separate states it is the colony even though they are all modern states.The previous international practices steady, confirms that the principle of the Tabula Rasa (clean slate) has been applied in cases of separation of Independent States and countries from colonialism, while we see that the article (16), has failed to apply this principle to the newly independent States of colonialism without the separate states.That none of the articles (2) Paragraph (1 / f) or Article 16 of the Vienna Convention for the succession of treaties of 1978, does not refer directly to determine the Newly Independent States to decolonization historical phenomenon. As with any codification of the practices of the process, but put provisions general and abstract terms can be applied to any reality to the change of sovereignty. Search section to the front then the door will look at the first chapter of what the principle of Tabula Rasa ( clean slate) and divide into two chapters look at the first concept of the principle of Tabula Rasa (clean slate) and look at the second chapter the legal foundations the principle of Tabula Rasa (clean slate) The second section we will look the scope of application of the principle of Tabula Rasa (clean slate), and divide into two dedicate the first chapter to discuss the principle of Tabula Rasa (clean slate) personal scale and be described in the second chapter the physical extent of the principle of Tabula Rasa clean slate. Then we included the most important conclusion of the findings and recommendations, which concluded the research

التنظيم الدولي للمناطق المحمية == The International Regulation Of Protected Areas

اسم المؤلف: اسراء صباح جاسم
اسم المشرف: يحيى ياسين سعود
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: It becomes a very well known that the war has become one of the things that imposed itself on the ground. But we cannot claim the elimination of this scourge at once. Therefore, the international community is striving to mitigate its severity, and this relentless pursuit casts burden on the conflicting parties to take a number of methods and preventive measures for the protection of victims of armed conflicts.One way to provide protection to victims and persons who are being targeted during armed conflicts is to create places of protection. This is done by preventing the fire from reaching the war to those areas, and then to spare civilians from the tragedies of armed action.The importance of protected areas is become from being related with one of the most important sources of human presence and survival. They protect human dignity of assault by the protection offered to present, based on that is gaining increasing attention to these areas, particularly with the increasing armed conflict due to the growing vulnerability of civilians, the wounded and sick combatants and the effects of these conflicts. It is my sense of importance that they came into being while the world is watching what my country - Iraq - has been suffered the violation of the simplest human rights and rule of humanitarian International law by ISIS terrorist entity.According to what have been said, and hoping to add another brick in the edifice of humanitarian international law, we will try to answer the following questiono : Did protected areas contribute to alleviate the tragedies of war, and to what extent? And whether the rules of Humanitarian International Law were effective or ineffective in the regulation of protected areas and the protection of them during armed conflicts.To answer those questions, I talk in this study on the concept of protected areas by define the term and illustrate the principles which govern and prottect them. Then I show the justifications of the establishment of such zones, and reached that the goal of the creation of them is to protect the affected persons and protected objects. After that I clarified the role of international organizations on protected areas, particularly the United Nations Organization as responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security, the International Committee of the Red Cross as an official sponsor of the international humanitarian law, Finely I showed the International responsibility arising from the damage of protected areas, and came to a result that such damage to those areas forms an international crime requires accountability of perpetrators

التحلل من الالتزامات الدولية لضرورات الامن القومي == Depart From The International Obligations To Protect National Security

اسم المؤلف: ريا عبد الستار عبد الوهاب
اسم المشرف: هديل صالح الجنابي
الموضوع العام: القانون
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: القانون الدولي العام
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Is an exception concerning the protection of national security and effective mechanism to balance between the need for States to protect the general basic interests, and security interests in particular, and between commitments adhered to by States under the rules of international law, which is under a duty to respect, and without prejudice to them, and that the presence of this the exception is necessary to protect the security interests of the State in a manner not constitute the necessary measures to provide that a violation of the rules of international law in a manner leading to the international responsibility of the State concerned, is worth mentioning that the application of this exception protection measures must be made according to objective conditions and formality certain, and that is subjecting the application of this exception to the supervision of international justice, to reduce the arbitrariness of states in its application.And it will be the subject of our study of the concept of a statement of national security reasons and protection , in addition to discussing the sources of international obligations, and the legal basis for them out in order to apply the exception , and finally we will discuss the conditions necessary for the application of the exception, and international control of its application.