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قلق التصور المعرفي وعلاقته باساليب الحياة عند طلبة جامعة بغداد == The Cognitive Conception Anxiety And Its Relationship With Styles Of Life Of The University Of Baghdad Students

اسم المؤلف: مروة جلال حسين محمد
اسم المشرف: سالي طالب علوان
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الايقاع المتسارع للحياة والتطـور التكنلوجـي السريـع، دفـع بعـض الناس للشعـور بالقلق والخوف والتوتـر, وهذا يولد لديهم سوء التوافـق وتكويـن تصورات خاطئـة لها اثرها في الـذات وعلى الاخـريـن , فالتطـور والتغييـر الـذي يحدث في المجتمع ينعكس على واقـع الحي | The rabid development in life and technology arouse the anxiety, stress, and fear of people. Accordingly the maladjustment and deceived conceptions appear in their behaviors which influence their selves and others.These changes and development in society influence the university students' life, personality, thoughts and behavior. An exceeding in anxiety and fear has negative effect on everyday life activities and negative effect on both mind and body. The problem of the study is centered around cognitive conception anxiety of the university students. Thus, the study question as follows : Is there correlation relationship between the cognitive conception anxiety and lifestyles.The university students have their special importance in society and nation development, therefore many studies search in their personality and the effect of anxiety on them to find out the threats and challenges that face them and how guide them to overcome these challenges.Accordingly, the study aims at finding out : 1. cognitive conception anxiety of university student2. the statistically significant differences in cognitive conception anxiety of university students according to gender and specialty.3. The styles of life ( ruling type, getting type, avoiding type and social type) of university students.4. the statistically significant differences in styles of life of university students according to gender and specialty.5. The relationship between the cognitive conception anxietyand the styles of life. 6. The contribution of styles of life in cognitive conception anxiety prediction.The study sample of (450) students is selected randomly as (225) male for scientific and humanistic studies and (225) female for scientific and humanistic studies.The study tools have been constructed by the researcher, the first is the cognitive conception anxiety scale of (30) items and the second is the styles of life scale of (41) items. The validity and reliability of two scales have been verified.The results of the study show that : 1. The university students have cognitive conception anxiety.2. There are statistically significant differences in cognitive conception anxiety according to gender factor in favor of female and there are statistically significant differences in cognitive conception anxiety according to specialty factor in favor of scientific studies and there are interaction between the variables.3. The styles of life : a) The students have rule type style.b) They have getting type style.c) They have avoiding type style d) They have not social type style.4. There are statistically significant differences in styles of life according to gender factor in favor of female, and there are not statistically significant differences according 5. there are not statistically significant differences according to specialty and there are not interaction among the variables.6. There are correlated relationship between the cognitive conception anxiety and each of rule type and getting type of styles of life and there are not correlated relationship between the cognitive conception anxiety and each of avoiding type and social type of styles of life.7. The rule type, the getting type and the avoiding type of styles of life have contributions in the prediction of cognitive conception anxiety, while the social type have not any contribution. According to the results several suggestions and recommendations are set forwards
الملخص:
المصادر:

اساليب معاملة الام المتطرفة وعلاقته باضطرابات الشخصية التكوينية لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية الايتام == Mother'S Radical Treatments Style And It'S Relation To The Formative Personality'S Disorders Among The Middle School'S Orphan Students

اسم المؤلف: سحر علي مهدي
اسم المشرف: غسان حسين سالم
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الحالي الى ايجاد العلاقة بين اساليب معاملة الام المتطرفة واضطرابات الشخصية التكوينية لدى عينة من طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية (من الايتام) علاقتها بعدد من المتغيرات هي : 1 - قياس اساليب معاملة الام المتطرفةا - اسلوب الحماية الزائدة ب - اسلوب الاهمالج - اس | The study aims at : 1. Measuring mother's treatment radical style.a. Extra - protective styleb. Neglectful stylec. Authoritative styled. Fluctuated stylee. Others2. Measuring formative personality disorder a. Anankastic Personality b. Histrionic Personality.c. Paranoid personalityd. Schizoid personality e. Cyclothymic Personality 3. Finding out the statistically significant differences in mother's treatment radical style according to age and gender.4. Finding out the statistically significant differences in formative personality disorder according to the father's death date, student's age and gender.5. The correlated relationship between mother's treatment radical style and formative personality disorder.For verifying the study aims the researcher has constructed the mothers radical treatment styles scale and adopted (Alrabeeai, 1991) scale for formative personality disorder. After finding out the scales validity and reliability, the scales submitted to the sample of (300) students. The sample selected according to the purposeful stratified sampling. Statistics analyses for the data come up with the following results : 1. The extra protective style is the dominated style because of the higher frequencies it has gained.2. There are statistically significant differences for exclusive personality disorder, Histrionic personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder and Periodic personality disorder. But there are no statistically significant differences for Oppressive personality disorder. 3. The non protective sample show that there are no statistically significant differences for father's death, age and gander variables.4. The non protective sample for exclusive personality disorder, The Oppressive personality disorder, Histrionic personality disorder, Oppressive personality disorder and Periodic personality disorder show that there are no statistically significant differences according to father's death, age and gander variables. But the schizoid personality disorder show that there are statistically significant differences according to father's death, age and gander variables.5. The results of non protective sample show that there are no statistically significant differences for the relation between non extra protective styles the formative personality disorder except the histrionic personality disorder show significant differences. According to the results several recommendations and suggestions have been set forwards
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اليقظة الذهنية وعلاقتها بالتنظيم الذاتي للتعلم لدى طلبة الجامعة == Mindfulness And Its Relation To Self Regulated Learning Among University Students

اسم المؤلف: ساندي نصرت فرنسيس
اسم المشرف: احمد اسماعيل عبود
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد اليقظة الذهنية (Mindfulness) عملية لرسم الاحداث النشطة وخلق اصناف اجتماعية جديدة، التي تترك الافراد منفتحين الى الحداثة وحساسين الى السياق، وعلى النقيض من ذلك عندما يتصرف الافراد باقل انتباه، عليهم ان يركزوا اكثر على الفئات والاحداث الماضية ونتيجة لذل | Mindfulness is considered a process to draw an image of the active event and to create new social varieties which leaves the individuals open to modernity and to be sensitive towards the context. In contrast, when individuals act with less attention; they need to be more determined concerning the varieties and events of the past.As a result, they become unaware of the characteristics that create the individual condition. During the last 2 decades of the 20th century, light has been shed mostly on self - regulated learning as an outcome of the learning process and facilitates it. Students’ motivation must be developed in order for them to be more self - regulated and that can be achieved through developing their self and sense of responsibility by self - determination. The key objective of self - regulation is to help the individual in controlling his behavior when the individual start having thoughts about the right or wrong behavior and to act base on it. Bandura sees that people have the ability to control their behavior and this enable them to practice controlling thought, emotions, motives and actions. The problem of the current study is represented in asking about the nature of the possible correlation between mindfulness and self - regulated learning within specific demographic frame of an important social category represented in university students where no previous researches or theories have agreed on the nature of the relationship between those 2 variables. As far as the researcher concerned, there is no local study has tackled this vital topic within this wide and important class of the society, which is the youth.The objectives of the study : 1 - Measuring mindfulness among the sample of the study. 2 - Measuring mindfulness among the sample of the study according to the variables of gender (male - female) and the academic disciplines (humanities - sciences). 3 - Measuring self - regulated learning among the sample of the study. 4 - Measuring self - regulated learning among the sample of the study according to the variables of gender (male - female) and the academic disciplines (humanities - sciences) and evaluating their statistical significance. 5 - Identify the nature of the correlation between mindfulness and self - regulated learning among the sample of the study. The study sample is consisted of 400 male and female student selected randomly from 8 colleges in University of Baghdad; 4 humanities colleges and 4 sciences colleges. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a measurement tool for mindfulness has been prepared in light of the measurements, literary references and previous studies that addressed this variable. Items validity of the current measurement has been verified by the consultants committee; 1 item excluded, linguistic amendments suggested, and response replacements have been approved. After analyzing the items using the 2 extreme - group method and the relation of the item degree with the total degree of the measurement, all of its 25 items have been approved. As they scored stability factor average of (0, 71) according to the split - half method and (0,82) according to Coefficient Alpha method. For the second variable, self - regulated learning, the researcher used the self - regulated learning measurement which was prepared by Al - Suraifi in 2008 and contains 39 items in its final form. Its reliability was extracted by split - half method with average of (0,85) and Coefficient Alpha method (0,93). Conclusions : .1 - The current study sample have mindfulness 2 - There are no differences in mindfulness among university students in terms of the variable of gender (male - female) and the academic disciplines (humanities - sciences) and the interaction between them. 3 - The current study sample has sense of self - regulated learning.4 - There is a significant statistical difference in self - regulated learning according to the variable of gender (male - female),and no significant statistical difference differences in self - regulated learning according to the academic disciplines (humanities - sciences) or in the interaction between gender and discipline. 5 - There is a positive correlation between mindfulness and self - regulated learning, the highest the self - regulated learning is, the highest the mindfulness among university students. Finally the study set out a number of recommendations and proposals.
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التحكم الذاتي وعلاقته بالنسق القيمي عند طلبة جامعة بغداد == Self - Control And Its Relationship To The Value System At The University Of Baghdad Students

اسم المؤلف: سارة محمد عبد فياض
اسم المشرف: امل كاظم ميرة
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان العصر الـذي يعيش فيـه الانسان يتـسم بالتغير السريع والتقدم المذهل في شتـى المجالات (الـتربوية، والسياسيـة، والاقتصاديـة، والمعلوماتية)، ومــع زيادة التقـــدم العلمي واتساع مطالب الحياة زادت حاجة الطلبة للتحكم بافكارهم، وسلوكـــهم، وافعالهم، اذ يـواجـه | The era in which man lives is characterized by rapid change and stunning progress in various educational fields, political, economic and informatics With the increase in scientific progress and breadth of the demands of life increased the need for students to control their thoughts, and their behavior, and their actions, as the students have difficulty in regulating their behavior and control and may result about it some unrest in their value system, the problem of current research proceed from the fact that a university student faces many challenges and live are conditions volatile is concerned and the loss of hope and increase psychological pressure brought by wars and borne out of the occupation and leave the negative effects in the individual values and self - governed, and identified the problem question follows : Is there a correlation between self - control and values system?The importance of research is concentrated in that talking about collectors students, where the university youth an important segment of the society as the backbone that effectively contribute to building a society, in order that the concept of self - control value system and the layout of the important psychological concepts that are closely related to the manifestations of human behavior which is of the basic concepts in the formation of character university student, prompting the need for, and importance of the study of these variables among university students.Based on the foregoing objectives identified current research, including the following : 1 - know of self - control among university students.2 - know of the differences in self - control depending on the variable kind (males - females) and specialization (scientific - humanist).3 - know of value system with university students.4 - know of the differences in the value system depending on the variable kind (males - females) and specialization (scientific - humanist).5 - know the correlation between self - control and value system.6 - contribution value system in self control among university students.In light of these goals, the researcher identified a set of hypotheses seeking to be tested statistically.To achieve the objectives of this study were prepared researcher self - control and value system standards as they meet psychometric characteristics of reliability and validity, either the research sample was selected from the scientific colleges and Humanities of the University of Baghdad, and the way stratified random regular, reaching a sample of tow standards (400) students and the standards applied to them successively, either the final sample application has reached (450) students of (225) male and specialty (scientific - humanist), and (225) female, specialty (scientific - humanist).And to verify the objectives of the study data statistically processed researcher and come to the following : - First goal : researcher used test of one sample was used to learn self - control when university students, reaching T value calculated (21.786) This means that students score higher than the theoretical average degree, which confirms that they have the self - control. - The second goal has been achieved through the use of two - way analysis of variance and the result showed that there were statistically significant differences in the basic variables (kind - specialization) and bilateral interaction between variables. - The third objective : the researcher used the arithmetic mean and standard deviation to know the layout value system, came the order of moral lines as follows : the value of peace, the value of self - esteem, moral value, intellectual value. - Fourth objective has been achieved through the use of two - way analysis of variance, and the result showed that there are differences statistically significant differences in the basic variables (kind - specialization) in favor of females and allocated to the humanitarian, bilateral interaction between the two variables. - The fifth goal : has been achieved through the use of Pearson correlation coefficient, where he found that there is a correlation between self - control and value system. - The sixth goal : researcher coefficient of determination and multiple regression coefficient was used has been found to keep the format moral contribute to the prediction of self - control.Depending on the results of this research, the researcher developed recommendations and proposals
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الادارة المعرفية وعلاقتها بالتفكير المزدوج لدى طلبة الجامعة == Cognitive Management And Its Relation To Double Thinking Among University Students

اسم المؤلف: زهراء هاشم رشيد الحمداني
اسم المشرف: احمد اسماعيل عبود
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Cognitive Management is the key to success for everyone. Its enables him to work properly and it gives an opportunity for the person to manage his abilities and behavior in a way that would assure him success, and being able to overcome the failures exposed during the course of his scientific and professional career in order to be able to achieve his envisaged goals.So the Cognitive Management appear as one of the most important ingredient in the human development in which they can develop the capacity of the mental capacities Individuals to be able to keep up with the technological developments in the world.The Cognitive Management is an ability that help the man in achieving his goals and to excellence and strive to get the knowledge to develop the mental capacities of individuals, and then managed it in way that leads to make a competition among them.The Double Thinking is the ability to make the person bear different and contrasting multiple interpretations results, it’s the pre - cognition in getting this results and this kind of thinking makes people find it easier to deal with ambiguity and cognitive compatibility with unfamiliar things and deal flexibly with various situations.Therefore, this study aimed the following : 1 - Measuring cognitive management in a sample study and evaluate the statistical significance.2 - Measuring cognitive management for the study sample according to the type variable (Male - Female) and evaluate the statistical significance.3 - Measuring cognitive management for the study sample according to the specialization variable (scientific - humanist) and evaluate the statistical significance.4 - Measuring double thinking among the study sample and evaluate the statistical significance.5 - Measuring double thinking among the study sample according to the type variable (Male - Female) and evaluate the statistical significance.6 - Measuring double thinking among the study sample according to the specialization variable (scientific - humanist) and evaluate the statistical significance.7. know the nature correlation between cognitive management and double - thinking among the study sample and evaluate the statistical significance.To achieve the goals of the study, we were performing the following Psychometric procedures : ? use a scale of cognitive management, prepared by Hammoud 2014 which included in the final form (30) items, and in the current study were scale items analysis of two methods the two extremes and the relationship of para - class faculty to measure and verify the reliability of the scale using "test - retest" methods and the " coefficient Alpha "and "Split - Half. "? Prepare double - thinking measure which included finalized (29) items, after being analyzes by "discriminatory power of each paragraph". and " the Link of the degree of each paragraph mainly entirety of scale", and then check the veracity of the scale by style "face validity" and " construction validity ", and checking the reliability of the scale using methods " test - retest "and the" coefficient Alpha "and "Split - Half. "After tolerate the tow material of study on a stratified random sample consisting of 400 students, chosen from Baghdad University students enrolled in the community and the preliminary study morning, was reached following : 1 - The simple of study characterize of cognitive management.2 - A statistically significant difference appeared in cognitive management in accordance with the type variable (Male - Female) In the interest of females.3 - There is no statistically significant difference in the cognitive management according to the specialization variable (scientific - humanist).4 - The simple of study characterize of double - thinking.5 - A statistically significant difference appeared in double - thinking according to the type variable (Male - Female) In the interest of females.6 - There is no statistically significant difference in the double - thinking according to the specialization variable (scientific - humanist).7 - A positive relationship correlation (proportional) appeared between cognitive management and double - think, in the study sample.And the study concluded with a number of conclusions and recommendations and proposals.
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التدفق النفسي والابداع لدى الطلبة المتميزين واقرانهم العاديين == The Psychological Flow And Creativity Of The Distinguished Students And Their Normal Peers

اسم المؤلف: ريام محمد هادي المالكي
اسم المشرف: خلود رحيم عصفور
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على : 1 ـ ابعاد التدفق النفســــــي لـــــدى عينــــــة البحث.2 ـ الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في ابعاد التدفق النفســي لــدى عينــــــــة البحث على وفق المتغـــــــيرات المستقلــــــة ( الجنـــــــس , المـرحلــــة , نوع المدرسة | The study aims at finding out : 1. The psychological flow of the study sample.2. The psychological flow of the study sample according to the independent variables (gender, grade, the school, the creative work, the parents' encouragements.3. The creative personality traits of the study sample.4. The creativity of the study sample according to the independent variables (gender, grade, the school, the creative work, the parents' encouragements).5. The creativity according to the flow dimensions.6. Comparing the distinguished students and the normal students in creativity according to the flow dimensions.In order to verify the study aims the researcher has translated and adopted the flow scale of (Marsh & Chackson, 1996). Furthermore the researcher has constructed two scales one for measuring the creative personality traits and the other for measuring the creative work that the students present for measuring creativity.After assuring the validity and the reliability of the instruments, they have administered to the study sample. the purposive sample of (256) students have been selected from the students of Al - Mutmayzeen secondary schools and their peers from other secondary schools at the secondary schools of 1\2 Al KarKh Education Directorates and 1\2 Al Rusafa Education Directorates. According to the statistical analysis of the data the results show that : 1. The flow dimensions that have got the higher orders are the Autotelic experience and then the clear goals. On the other side the low orders are of merging of action and awareness and distortion of the sense of time2. There are statistically significant differences of the psychological flow dimensions in some of the independent variables (gender, the school type, the parents' encouragement and the creative works). On the other side there are no any significant differences according to the grade variable. 3. The higher order of the creative personality traits are of the following traits : need to success, sense of humor, self - trust. The low order traits are : unusual thoughts, order rejecting, and unadjusted with group.4. There are statistically significant differences according to the independent variables : (gender, grade, and creative work). On the other side there are no any significant differences according to the (school type and parents encouragement).5. Al the flow dimensions have the same order for the individuals and the prevailing dimension is autotelic experience.6. Variation in the flow dimensions order for the distinguished students and other students. The equality in flow dimensions for the students of mid creativity for both distinguished students and other students.According to the results, several suggestions and recommendations are set forwards
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التفاؤل غير الواقعي وعلاقته بالتفكير التاملي لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية == Unrealistic Optimism And Its Relation With REFLective Thinking Of High School Students

اسم المؤلف: الاء طالب الدليمي
اسم المشرف: سالي طالب علوان
الموضوع العام: علم النفس
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علم النفس التربوي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: مشكلة البحث الحال انطلقت من الضغوط التي يواجهها الطالب التي يتولد نتيجتها الخوف من المستقبل والتفكير فيه ,كما ان التعليم في مؤسساتنا التعليمية مازال ضعيفا في طرائقه واساليبه التي تمنع من تعليم الطلبة كل انواع التفكير بما فيها التفكير التاملي , وذلك نتيجة | The country lives political and economic conflicts and hard circumstances because of wars, killing and expulsion. All of these lead to critic change in the individual and family values and change their habits and traditions. Accordingly, creation of state of emotional pressure and fear of future will lead to unrealistic images.The study problem raises from the fact that the students face emotional pressures lead to fear of future and the thinking in future. Moreover, the educational systems are weak and never take in consideration the students learning styles and prevent them of using the different thinking types which the reflective thinking is one of them. In fact the schools depend on memorizing and reciting only. The high school students vary in their abilities which lead to variation in their behavior. Therefore, a need of developing the students' aptitudes in order to solve their problems by identifying and analyzing them. Thus, preparing tasks help the students to find out the suitable information for problem solving. The study aims at finding out : 1. The unrealistic optimism of the high schools' students.2. The significant differences in the unrealistic optimism according to the variables of (gender and type of the study).3. The reflective thinking of the high schools' students.4. The significant differences in the reflective thinking according to the variables of (gender and type of the study).5. The correlated relationship between the unrealistic optimism and reflective thinking. The study instruments are represented in : 1. Constructing unrealistic optimism scale of (29) items and verifying its validity and reliability. 2. Constructing the reflective thinking scale of (29) items and verifying its validity and reliability. The two scales have been administered on a random sample of (410) students selected according to the stratified sampling method. The results show that : 1. The fifth grade students have unrealistic optimism.2. There are no significant differences between the male and female in the unrealistic optimism.3. The fifth grade students in scientific branch have higher unrealistic optimism than the literary branch students.4. The fifth grade students have reflective thinking.5. There are no significant differences between the male and female in reflective thinking.6. There are no significant differences between the fifth grade students in scientific branch and the literary branch students in reflective thinking. 7. There is correlated relationship between the unrealistic optimism and reflective thinking.Accordingly, several recommendations and suggestions are put forward.
الملخص:
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القرائن النحوية بين الاصوليين والنحويين : دراسة موازنة

اسم المؤلف: نور فاضل بنيان محمد
اسم المشرف: لمى فائق جميل العاني
الموضوع العام: اللغة العربية وادابها
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: اللغة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

الخلاف اللغوي في ضوء دراسة لهجات شبه الجزيرة العربية == Liguistic Diversity In The Study Dialects Of The Arabian Peninsula

اسم المؤلف: ليلى علي فرج
اسم المشرف: ولاء صادق محسن الاسدي | منذر علي عبد المالك
الموضوع العام: اللغة العربية وادابها
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: اللغة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The most important results obtained in the thesis it is that the dispute linguistic fertile subject of the Arabic language subjects, said in a boot importance of studying accents suspicion of the Arabian Peninsula in the study of differences of language, and looked at the first chapter voice dispute in the light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula accents Among the most important findings : - 1. The dialects participated in twelve way out of the exits of the votes.2. The origin of the voice (GEEM) to be whispered, described the ancient voice of DH description is true, and the origin of the sound (TAA) Speak out, and voice (QAAF) whispered.3. The Arabian Peninsula accents is consistent in speaking out recipes and whisper amplification and instability in their voices.4. The origin of the movements is long movements, and that the referral is a secondary development of ALLF and YAA and originated from opening a branch of it.5. The (focal point) does not exist in the Arabian Peninsula accents, their movement is not transmitted, and the phenomenon of insults facilitate a common phenomenon in the Arabian Peninsula accents.6. The voice is not a Noon rather than movement, and supports Noon with other letters.7. The scholars differed in some voices which (O Allah)8. Where Meem where the amplification and veneration, and the origin of (even) the eye and is not HAA, and (garlic) in which the original Althae dialects and got rid of it and replaced it in the SEEN and the SHIN.And discussed in the second chapter in the light of the controversy morphological study of the Arabian Peninsula dialects and found : - 1. The doors of the act, which counted abnormal scientists are the origins of these dialects in the present tense, although breaking the old linguistic phenomenon of a character, and share these dialects in Waw deleted from the present tense.2. The opening, which will be the second and third annular feature in the Arabian Peninsula accents characters, and the formula (FAAIL) is origin of the name - acting formulations, though Quartet words derived from bilateral substance in these dialects.3. The weights of the six names of mono and bi assets in these dialects.4. These dialects has not adhered to when combining and Deuteronomy markings to distinguish between masculine and feminine, and there were to Fezta (both, and both) Mtnah in these dialects gathered Aloagamah collection of evocative names in Salem.5. The Hamza appear on the image in these dialects.6. I found (Alta) in all the Arabian Peninsula accents to denote the feminization albeit thousand feminization is only the evolution of Alta which turned out to E and then to a thousand.7. Verb matches actor in the recall and feminine in the Arabian Peninsula accents.8. Rehabilitation of some of the terms that scholars have differed in, and these words of the word (name) in which the original is (Shin and Almim), but the word (human) origin on Flan weight, but the word (Emmen God) is derived from Yemen, but the word (devil) Noon the original, and others of the terms that reported assets in light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula, including accents (rIBA, flood, values, and how much) and others.9. Altmiam subsequent voice in Akkadian corresponds Tanween in Arabic, did not mention to distinguish between the outgoing and unspent, or between the name and the verb, or between singular and added.10. The basic meaning of the Decrease in the Arabian Peninsula accents is belittling.11. AZ catch the six names in the addendum in Hebrew and Arabic condition.Discussed in Chapter III : Grammar dispute in the light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula accents and revealed that : - 1. The syntax is the origin of the nouns and verbs, and that assertion is not in the syntax it is a linguistic phenomenon occur in the language, syntax, and it came to ease on the tongue, and that the collection Almant Salem riveted slot in all the Arabian Peninsula accents.2. The present tense parsed not being similar to the names, but for being a kind of act, and raised in Akkadian despite the entry of the monument factors and boots him, but the word (even) preposition and monument of the verb tense in the Arabian Peninsula accents.3. The Alljhat is barely differentiate conjunctions (but Waw) did not respond to the present tense erected after him, and that the origin of conditional sentence to be a reaction condition past and Answer condition Mdharaa brought.4. The verb is in the Arabian Peninsula dialects derived from the tenses.5. The distraction in the management definition in the Arabian Peninsula accents met Hamza in Arabic, and that the pronouns in which the original conscience as a whole, and (Ia) are the basis for Mufaolah mark originally in the conscience of the separate (you) word as a whole, the common root of the name of the signal (ZAA) in accents the Arabian Peninsula, and the use of reference name instead of conjunctive name out in these dialects, and waw in the word (those) out and not overloaded.6. Complex numbers Mdghamh with each other in Akkadian do not know the number of the boat in. In Hebrew intervention definition on complex number deficit tool.7. Agree accents the Arabian Peninsula in the feminization of the masculine number (3 - 10).8. The ground in the word (one hundred) original and not overloaded.9. Described accents the Arabian Peninsula being the actual accents, which are divided into actions past and PRESENT permanent and done, and cause non emphasis acts Almdharah them.10. Share these dialects in many of the characters, including the character (to) benefit reasoning, and (lam) in which the meaning of consensus (in order), and that the original etymological's (not) and (not) one, and (Seine) part deductible from (you will), responded (Ba) for Tbaad in these dialects, and (lam) in the sense (in a) and (a) indicate the different meanings.11. The scholars differed in some words of them (now) origin in the light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula accents expressing but not built, and (so) did the name, (not) a vehicle of exile character (not) and verb (ACE) in the sense (none), and ( Latt) to Alta which is not for the feminization of it is the origin of the word.

اثر عناصر المناخ في زراعة وانتاج وافات اشجار الرمان في محافظتي بغداد وصلاح الدين == The Effect of Climate Elements in the Cultivation and Production and Pests of Pomegranate Trees In The Provinces of Baghdad and Salahuddin

اسم المؤلف: شهد سعد محمد علي
اسم المشرف: بدر جدوع احمد المعموري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الزراعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تقع منطقة الدراسة ضمن منطقة السهل الرسوبي ذات الارض المنبسطة، اذ تنحصر بين خطي طول 30 - 42° - - 15 45° شرقا، وبين دائرتي عرض 52 - 32° - - 40 35° شمالا، يحدها من الشمال محافظة كركوك ومن الشمال الغربي محافظة نينوى ومن الشرق محافظة ديالى ومن الغرب محافظة الانبار ومن الجنوب محافظة بابل وواسط وكربلاء.تهدف الدراسة الى بيان المتطلبات المناخية لاشجار الرمان ومقارنتها مع الخصائص المناخية في منطقة الدراسة فضلا عن اظهار العناصر المناخية على زراعة وانتاج الرمان.وتبين من خلال استعراض العناصر المناخية، ان المناخ الملائم لزراعة اشجار الرمان هو الحار الجاف لانه محصول صيفي ويعتمد في زراعته على مياه الري اعتمادا كاملا.ومن خلال دراسة الخصائص المناخية المؤثرة على محصول الرمان تظهر بانها تتفاوت في تاثيرها على المحصول اذ تعد درجة الحرارة والرطوبة من اكثر العناصر المناخية تاثيرا على زراعة المحصول. تبين من دراسة المتطلبات الطبيعية لزراعة وانتاج اشجار الرمان بانه يحتاج الى تربة غرينية جيدة التصريف، كما وتم تطبيق معادلة نجيب خروفة لاستخراج الموازنة المائية المناخية لمحصول الرمان. تبين من خلال تطبيق معادلة الانحدار والارتباط البسيط بيرسون ان الرطوبة ودرجة الحرارة الصغرى هي من اهم العوامل التي تؤثر في انتاجية الرمان في منطقة الدراسة. تبين من خلال التطرق الى الافات التي تصيب الرمان ومنها حشرة المن والحلم وحفار الساق ودودة ثمار الرمان وغيرها من الافات التي تصيب محصول الرمان خلال فترة النمو في منطقة الدراسة، وما يخص انتاجية الرمان فانها ترتفع كلما اتجهنا شمال منطقة الدراسة وذلك لوفرة المناخ الملائم مع وفرة الارض الصالحة للزراعة على عكس جنوب منطقة الدراسة اذ تفتقر الى وجود الاراضي الصالحة للزراعة نتيجة تحولها الى اراضي سكنية. | The study dealt with the effect of climate elements in the cultivation and production of Pomegranate trees in the provinces of Baghdad and Saladin. The study area is located within the region of Sedimentary Plain with flat ground, with a longitude between 42°30 - and 45°15 - East , and a latitude between 52° 32 - and 35° 40 - North, bordered to the north by Kirkuk , to the north - west by Nineveh, to the east by Diyala, to the west by Anbar, and to the south by Babil, Wasit and Karbala provinces.The aim of the study is to describe the climatic requirements of pomegranate trees and compare them with climatic characteristics in the study area as well as to show the climatic elements of pomegranate cultivation and production.A review of climatic elements showed that the suitable climate for pomegranate cultivation is dry hot because it is a summer crop and depends on irrigation for irrigation.A study of the climatic characteristics affecting the pomegranate crop shows that it has a difference in its effect on the crop as the temperature and humidity of the most climatic elements affect the cultivation of the crop.The study of the natural requirements for the cultivation and production of pomegranate trees has shown that it requires fertile green soil, and the Najib Kharuba equation has been applied to extract the water balance of the pomegranate crop.By applying the regression equation and simple correlation Pearson showed that the humidity and the minimum temperature are the most important factors affecting the productivity of pomegranates in the study area.Pomegranate pests, pests, pomegranate, pomegranate and other pomegranate pests during the period of growth in the study area. The pomegranate yield increases as we move north of the study area in order to provide an adequate climate with abundant land. As opposed to the southern part of the study area, as it lacks arable land as a result of its transformation into residential land

محمد حسين هيكل ودوره في السياسة المصرية حتى عام 1956 : دراسة تاريخية == Mohammad Husein Haikal and his role in the Egyptian policy till 1956 A historical study

اسم المؤلف: مروة سلمان حسن
اسم المشرف: مها ناجي حسين
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد محمد حسين هيكل من الشخصيات المصرية البارزة التي صنفت ضمن الجيل السياسي الاول في تاريخ مصر الحديث والمعاصر، وقد ارتبط اسمه بحوادث مهمة جدا كانت لها اثرها في الواقع السياسي المصري في النصف الاول من القرن العشرين وهي مرحلة خصبة بما شهدته مصر من تحركات وارهاصات لنيل الاستقلال وتحقيق التكامل الوطني.ان الدراسات الاكاديمية التي تناولت سيرة محمد حسين هيكل اقتصرت على الجانب الادبي والصحفي منه، في حين تناولت الجانب السياسي له باقتضاب،على الرغم من انه عاصر مرحلة مهمة من تاريخ مصر المعاصر وهي مرحلة الملكية برمتها وشارك بنصيب وافر من احداثها المحورية ورافق تقلباتها السياسية منذ حداثة سنه وقد اثرت هذه المرحلة في سلوكه السياسي وتركت بصمة واضحة في علاقاته مع اقطاب السياسة المعاصرة له ومن هذه الزاوية جاء اختيارنا لدراسة هذه الشخصية ذات الانجازات السياسية المتعددة والاسهامات الوزارية المختلفة.وتحاول هذه الدراسة الاجابة الموضوعية عن تساؤلات عدة منها : - ا. ما البواكير الاولى لنشاة محمد حسين هيكل؟‌ب. ما اهم انجازاته الصحفية وطبيعة فكره السياسي وانتمائه الحزبي حتى عام 1921؟‌ج. هل كان لرئاسة محمد حسين هيكل تاثير في صحيفة (السياسة) وفي مجريات الاحداث السياسية في مصر حتى عام 1931؟‌د. ما الدور الذي اداه محمد حسين هيكل في اسقاط وزارة اسماعيل صدقي عام 1933 واعادة دستور عام 1923؟‌ه. ما دور محمد حسين هيكل في انتخابات عام 1937؟‌و. ما ابرز انجازات محمد حسين هيكل في وزارة المعارف (1938 - 1942)؟‌ز. ما هي طبيعة رئاسة محمد حسين هيكل لحزب الاحرار الدستوريين في عام 1943؟‌ح. كيف تولى محمد حسين هيكل رئاسة مجلس الشيوخ عام 1945؟‌ط. كيف كانت معالم الطور السياسي الاخير لمحمد حسين هيكل؟.‌ي. كيف كان موقف محمد حسين هيكل من القضية الوطنية المصرية عام (1946 - 1947)؟‌ك. ما الاسباب التي ادت الى اصدار مراسيم السابع عشر من حزيران عام 1950 والتي ادت الى اقصاء محمد حسين هيكل عن رئاسة مجلس الشيوخ وما هو موقفه منها؟‌ل. ما قضية الوثائق المزورة عام 1951 وما هو موقف محمد حسين هيكل منها؟وطبقا للمنهج العلمي فقد قسمت الرسالة الى مقدمة واربعة فصول وخاتمة.تطرق الفصل الاول (البواكير الاولى لنشاة محمد حسين هيكل حتى عام 1921) الى ولادة محمد حسين هيكل ونشاته الاولى منذ ان كان صبيا حتى حصوله على درجة الدكتوراه في القانون من باريس وتقلبه بين المحاماة والصحافة واهم انجازاته الادبية والصحفية وابرز الاحزاب السياسية والشخصيات الاصلاحية التي تاثر بها، فضلا عن موقفه من بعض القضايا السياسية التي عاشتها مصر حتى عام 1921.واما الفصل الثاني والذي جاء بعنوان (الدور الاعلامي والحزبي لمحمد حسين هيكل وتاثيره في مجريات الاحداث السياسية في مصر 1922 - 1936)، فقد تطرق الى دور محمد حسين هيكل في وضع الدستور عام 1922، والى رئاسته تحرير صحيفة (السياسة) ومدى تاثيره في الواقع السياسي والثقافي في مصر خلال تلك الحقبة، فضلا عن دوره في اسقاط وزارة اسماعيل صدقي واعادة دستور عام 1923، ونشاطه البرلماني بعد تعيينه عضوا في مجلس الشيوخ عام 1936, وجهوده الادبية والفكرية.تحدث الفصل الثالث الذي حمل عنوان (النشاط السياسي والوزاري لمحمد حسين هيكل 1937 - 1945) عن دور محمد حسين هيكل في الوزارات التي تسنم ادارتها خلال هذه المدة من عمله السياسي واهم الانجازات التي سجلها في وزارة الدولة ووزارة المعارف والشؤون الاجتماعية ودوره في انتخابات عام 1937 المثيرة للجدل عبر بوابة وزارة الدولة فضلا عن موقفه من بعض الاحداث التي شهدتها البلاد ابان عمله الوزاري ورئاسته لحزب الاحرار الدستوريين ودوره في اسقاط وزارة مصطفى النحاس عام 1944.ويعالج الفصل الرابع وهو بعنوان (الطور السياسي الاخير لمحمد حسين هيكل 1945 - 1956) رئاسته لمجلس الشيوخ , وموقفه من القضية الوطنية المصرية فهو يتتبع موقفه منها بكل مراحلها الاخيرة، الى جانب موقفه من القضية الفلسطينية، فضلا عن اقصائه عن رئاسة مجلس الشيوخ باصدار مراسيم السابع عشر من حزيران عام 1950 وموقفه منها وقضية الوثائق المزورة عام 1951 ودوره فيها وموقفه من ثورة الثالث والعشرين من يوليو/ تموز عام 1952 وما صاحبها من تطورات ثم وفاته عام 1956.واخيرا تاتي الخاتمة لتسطر بايجاز ما توصلت اليه الدراسة من نتائج.اعتمدت الدراسة على مجموعة متنوعة من المصادر ياتي في مقدمتها الوثائق العراقية غير المنشورة والمحفوظة في دار الكتب والوثائق العراقية والتي لخصت كل الاحداث السياسية التي عاشتها مصر في تقارير واخبار بالغة الاهمية، الى جانب الوثائق العربية المنشورة الصادرة عن دار العالم العربي وما تضمنته من معلومات جيدة شكلت افادة عظيمة للرسالة بمختلف مراحلها وتطوراتها التاريخية, فضلا عن الوثائق المصرية المنشورة والمتمثلة بمحاضر مجلس الشيوخ المصري والتي اغنت الفصل الرابع بتطورات جلسات المجلس المتعلقة بقضية الاسلحة الفاسدة , وكذلك الوثائق الصادرة عن الدولة المصرية والتي اهتمت بتوثيق الدور المصري في هيئة الامم المتحدة ومعارك مصر التفاوضية مع بريطانيا حول الاستقلال التام.وعززت الوثائق الاميركية المنشورة والمعنونة Foreign Relations of United States Diplomatic Papers المعلومات الواردة في جوانب الرسالة بما سجلته من تقارير عن احداث السياسة المصرية وموقف الساسة المصريين من القضية الوطنية المصرية والقضية الفلسطينية.اسهمت الكتب الوثائقية بدور كبير في توضيح بعض الجوانب الاساسية من المواضيع الواردة في ثنايا الدراسة وياتي في مقدمتها كتب محسن محمد (اصول الحكم) و(الشيطان) و(عندما يموت الملك) و(التاريخ السياسي لمصر) وكتاب (سنة من عمر مصر) لاحتوائها على معلومات مقتبسة من الوثائق البريطانية والامريكية, وكتاب خالد نعيم (الجذور التاريخية لارساليات التنصير الاجنبية في مصر ) والذي تناول الحركات التبشيرية في مصر مسلطا الضوء على دور محمد حسين هيكل الصحفي في مقاومتها , فضلا عن كتاب محمد عمارة المعنون (الاسلام واصول الحكم لعلي عبد الرزاق دراسة ووثائق) والذي استعرض موقف محمد حسين هيكل من قضية مصادرة الحريات الفكرية ودفاعه المستميت عنها.وشكلت مؤلفات محمد حسين هيكل اهمية بالغة في تبيان ملامح حياته الاولية ورصد منجزاته الادبية والفكرية والظروف والملابسات التي ساهمت في خروج مؤلفاته وابداعه الى النور ومنهراوايته (زينب مناظر واخلاق ريفية ) والتي تحدث فيها بشكل مجازي عن حياته المبكرة وطبيعة معيشته في الارياف المصرية , وكتاب (في اوقات فراغ) والذي تضمن تدويناته الصحفية والفكرية وكتاب (ثورة الادب) الذي رصد فيه مجمل ارائه الادبية والفكرية. وكان لكتب المذكرات حضور متميز جدا ومنها مذكرات في السياسة المصرية لمحمد حسين هيكل التي افادت الدراسة في جميع جوانبها لانها استعرضت معلومات مهمة عن حياته الخاصة لاسيما المبكرة منها وقد تم استخدامها بحذر شديد تجنبا لانكار بعض الحقائق او محاولة تزويقها من جانب كاتب المذكرات نفسه، كما تم الاستعانة بمذكرات بعض الشخصيات التي عاصرت محمد حسين هيكل مثل مذكرات محمد علي علوبة (ذكريات اجتماعية وسياسية) ومذكرات ابراهيم الهلباوي ومذكرات حافظ محمود (المعارك في الصحافة والسياسة والفكر 1919 - 1952) وكذلك مذكرات محمد زكي عبد القادر (اقدام على الطريق) وتكمن اهمية هذه المذكرات في ان واضعيها كانوا من اصحاب محمد حسين هيكل وقد رافقوه في جوانب حياته المختلفة وقد ساعد استعمالها على ابراز الواقع بدرجة كبيرة, الى جانب مذكرات موظفي البلاط الملكي ومنها مذكرات حسن حسني (سنوات مع الملك فاروق شهادة للحقيقة والتاريخ) ومذكرات كريم ثابت (نهاية الملكية عشر سنوات مع الملك فاروق 1942 - 1952) والتي رصدت محطات الشد والجذب التي خاض غمارها محمد حسين هيكل مع القصر ولاسيما فيما يتعلق بمراسيم السابع عشر من حزيران عام 1950 وما تلاها من احداث ومواقف.ولا تقل اهمية المصادر العربية عن غيرها في اغناء المادة العلمية للدراسة منها مؤلفات احمد زكريا الشلق (حزب الامة ودوره في السياسة المصرية) وكتاب (حزب الاحرار الدستوريين 1922 - 1952) وقد ساهم هذان الكتابان برفد الدراسة بالمعلومات القيمة لانهما يتحدثان عن احزاب سياسية ايدها محمد حسين هيكل وانتمى اليها وساهم في انشائها، فضلا عن كتاب (محمد حسين هيكل في ذكراه) وكتاب (محمد حسين هيكل والفكر القومي المصري) للمؤلف عبد العزيز شرف اللذين عززا الدراسة بمعلومات جيدة عن فكر محمد حسين هيكل الصحفي والاجتماعي، وكتاب احمد لطفي السيد (الدكتور محمد حسين هيكل) والذي رصد صفات محمد حسين هيكل واهم مواقفه الشخصية والعملية والتي جاء ذكرها على لسان اصحابه وكذلك كتاب محمد سيد محمد (هيكل والسياسة الاسبوعية) والذي يعد من الكتب القلائل التي تناولت مسيرة محمد حسين هيكل الصحفية في صحيفة (السياسة) ورصد تطورها وتاثيرها على الحياة الصحفية المصرية, الى جانب كتاب حافظ محمود (اسرار الماضي) وتكمن اهمية الكتاب في كونه الكتاب الوحيد الذي تناول موضوع رئاسة محمد حسين هيكل لحزب الاحرار الدستوريين عام 1943وعنه اخذت المصادر الاخرى التي تناولت ذات الموضوع, وايضا كتاب (فاروق وسقوط الملكية) لمؤلفته لطيفة محمد سالم والتي تحدثت فيه وبشكل متميز عن علاقة محمد حسين هيكل بالملك فاروق وما اعتراها من خلافات.وقد دفعنا الانجاز الادبي لمحمد حسين هيكل للاستعانة بمؤلفات الادب العربي منها كتاب حسين فوزي النجار (هيكل وحياة محمد) وكتاب طه عمران وادي (محمد حسين هيكل وتراثه الادبي ) وكتاب شوقي الضيف (الادب العربي في مصر) وكتاب يحيى حقي (فجر القصة المصرية) وكتاب عبد المحسن طه بدر (تطور الرواية العربية الحديثة في مصر 1870 - 1938) وقد وقع على هذه المؤلفات النصيب الاكبر من الاحاطة الشاملة بحيثيات الاصدارات الادبية لمحمد حسين هيكل نظرا لما حوته من نقد وتحليل كامل لاسلوبه وخطابه الادبي والروائي. وللكتب الاجنبية اهمية كبيرة جدا لاسيما كتاب المؤلف البريطاني (Charlis smith) والذي جاء بعنوان (Islam and the search for social order in Moderen Egypt) وكتاب المؤلف الالماني (Baber Johansen ) (Muhammead Husain Haikal Europa und Der Orient Im Weltbild Eines Agyptischen Liberalen) فقد ورد فيهما معلومات جديدة عن حياة محمد حسين هيكل لم يسبق لاحد ان طرحها من قبل.ولابد من الاشارة الى الرسائل والاطاريح الجامعية التي تناولت جوانب مهمة من تاريخ مصر فقد ساهمت المعلومات التفصيلية فيها الى فهم اعمق لخلفيات بعض الحوادث السياسية وشكلت نقطة ارتكاز مهمة لبعض مواضيع الدراسة وينطبق هذا القول على رسالة الماجستير الموسومة (السياسة الاسبوعية والحركة الادبية المعاصرة في مصر) لـ (اياد ملحم) ورسالة الماجستير المعنونة (اسماعيل صدقي ودوره في السياسة المصرية1875 - 1950) لـ (مازن مهدي عبد الرحمن الشمري) وكذلك رسالة الماجستير (الحياة النيابية في مصر1936 - 1945) لـ (جمال فيصل حمد المحمدي) وغيرها فكان لهذه الرسائل اسهام واضح في اثراء الدراسة بمعلومات رصينة.وحصلت الدراسة على معلومات قيمة من الصحف والمجلات فيما يتعلق باخبار محمد حسين هيكل اليومية ومواقفه وقراراته السياسية وانجازاته الوزارية وتصريحاته الاعلامية وكان ابرزها صحف (الاهرام) و(البلاغ) المصريتين و(نداء الشعب) و(العالم العربي) العراقيتين فضلا عن مجلات (المصور) و(اخر ساعة) و(روز اليوسف) وتكمن اهميتها في انها مراة للعصر بما سجلته من احداث يومية عن تلك الحقبة, ولايخفى اهمية مجلة (الطليعة) التي يعود لها الفضل في تزويد الدراسة بوثائق مهمة عن الاحزاب التي انضم اليها محمد حسين هيكل والمؤتمرات التي ساهم فيها. كما ان مقالات محمد حسين هيكل في صحف (السياسة اليومية والاسبوعية) وصحيفة (الجريدة) و(الاخبار) قد عززت الدراسة بشكل كبير لانها عكست اراءه في جوانب الحياة المصرية بشكل واضح وذكرت بعض الاحداث التي تعذر عليه ذكرها في مذكراته.لم تخل الدراسة من صعوبات شابت عمل الباحثة وياتي في مقدمتها تعذر الحصول على مصادر تطرقت لحياة محمد حسين هيكل الشخصية او الى نشاطه السياسي لاسيما وانه يعد من اكثر الشخصيات السياسية المصرية التي اغفل ذكرها او الاشارة الى دورها، فضلا عن ان معظم المصادر التي تناولت شخصيته اكتفت بنقل ماذكره في مذكراته دون البحث عن قنوات اخرى للحصول على معلومات جديدة، مما استدعى بذل مزيد من الجهود للحصول على معلومات مختلفة وغير مسبوقة النشر، كما ان الوثائق التي حصلنا عليها من مركز الاهرام لتنظيم وتكنولوجيا المعلومات في جمهورية مصر العربية لم تف الا بالقدر البسيط جدا من متطلبات الدراسة، ناهيك عن تاخر وصولها.كتبت هذه الرسالة وانا مستعينة بقوله تعالى (وما توْفِيقِي اِلّا بِاللّهِ) ومهما بلغ حرصي على اعدادها فاني لا استطيع ان ادعي لها الكمال ولا خلوها من الهفوات اذ ان الكمال لله وحده ولكن كل ما ارجوه ان اكون قد وفقت في انجازها وان تحظى بالرضا والقبول علها تتمكن من سد ثغرة بسيطة في مجال الدراسات الاكاديمية. | Mohammad Husain Haikal is consider one of the pioneer Egyptian personalities who was sorted among the first political generation in the history of Egypt the modern and the contemporary, his name was connected with important incidents which had an impact the Egyptian political history in the first half of the twentieth century where it was a fertile era for Egypt for the movements and the revolutions to get independent and achieve national integration. In addition to that the academic studies tackled the life history of Mohammad Husain Haikal as writer and journalist, while the political side was tackle in short way, and from this angle we chose to study the later side to shed light on his political achievements and the ministries he administered.This study id trying to answer thematically to many questions some of which are : a - What were the starting points of the gay ?b - What were the most important press achievements he made, the nature of his political thinking and partial belonging till 1921? c - Had the administration of Mohammad Husein Haikal for the politics newspaper an effect on the political scen in Egypt till 1931? d - What was the role of Mahammad Husain Haikal in the fall of Esma'il Sidki ministry and the return of 1923 constitution ? e - What was the role of Mohammad Husain Haikal in 1937 elections? f - What were the most important achievements of Mohammad Husain Haikal in the ministry of sciences (1938 - 1942)? g - What was the nature of heading of Mohammad Husain Haikal for the party of the constitutional Ahrar in 1943?h - How was the dealing of Mohamed Husain Haikal with the congrise when he was the headi - How were the features of the political life of Mohamed Husain Haikal.j - How was the stance of Mohammed Hussain Haikal k - How was the stance of Mohamed Husain for the Egyptian National case "1946 - 1947"?l - What were the reasons of issuing 17 - June laws 1950 which lead to Mohammed Husain Haikal to be overthrown from the congress and what was his stance.m - What was the case of forget documents in 1951, and what was Mohammad Husain Haikal stance from it? And according to the scientific curriculum the study was divided to an introduction, four chapters, and conclusion.The first chapter " the first startings of Mohammed Hussein Haikal till 1921 A. D. to the birth of this person his becoming boy till his getting ph. Dr. degree in laws from Paris and his working as journalist and lawyer and his most important achievement in Arts and press and the most political parties and reforming personatitics which had an effect on him, in addition to his stance from some political issues which egyptioan passed 1921 A. D. As for chapter two which came under the title the partial and media roles of Mohammed Husain Haikal (1922 - 1936) and its effect on the political events in Egypt, where it tackled the role of Mohammed Husain Haikal in making 1922 constitution and to be the editor of the (politics) newspaper and his range of effect on the political, and the cultural reality in Egypt during that era, in addition to his role in the fall of esma'il Sidki ministry and the return of 1923 constitution, and his parlamanic activity in the congress in 1936.Chapter three tackled which was entitled "the political and ministerial activities of Mohammad Husain Haikal (1937 - 1945) for his role in heading for the ministries during this period of his political work and the most important achievements which he made in the state ministry, ministry of science and social affairs, and his role in the doubtful 1937 elections through the age of the state ministry in addition to his stance from some events which were witnessed by the country during his ministerial work and the heading of the party of the constitutional Ahrar and his role in making the ministry of Mustafa Al - Nahas ministry fall.Chapter four deal with the last (political patern of Mohammad Husain Haikal) 1945 - 1952). It deals with the stance of this person from the national case of Egypt, where it traces his stance in the last various states, beside his stance from the Palestine case, in addition to his banish from the head of the congress by issuring the laws of the Jun. 17 1950 and his stance from it and the case of the forget document in 1951 and his role in it and finally his stance from july 23 1952 revolution and the accompanied developments and his death in 1956.The study inferred the following : First : Mohammed Husain Haikal is consider one of the modern Egyptian renaissance thinkers, no two have doubt on his important role in arts and culture where he was the first who tackled about getting rid of the foreign effects on the Egyptian art which came as result of the successive colonizings for the country and asked for taking care to the civilized Egyptian culture and activating its study in the officers of science and culture in the country and he was the first who put the bases of the Egyptian art by issuing his first long novel in artistic Egyptian history and the Arabic one and the novel came with new topics, style and new contents so it was like a rise to break the barriers of old fashions and he opened the gate for his generation colleagues to speak about many social issues and especially the forbidden ones in the sight of the society.Second : Mohammed Husain Haikal was brilliant student of the school of Ahmed Lutfi Al - Sayed and Al - Jaredah newspaper so he worked in it early and affected with the principles of freedom and the Egyptian nationality and raise their play and defend them. Third : the pattern of Mohammed Husein Haikal in press was distinguished and freed from the old line which characterized the press of that era and at the time when the attack was severe on press and art to the artists to be considered as disbelievers Mohammed Husain Haikal wrote bold articles where he tackled about women rights and making her work like man which made him criticized by the old generation and consider him as disbeliever and socialism and women rights were the idioms which were depart no of Mohammed husein Haikal articles, and as example of his believing in his principles of freedom and woman rights he participated with a group of his colleagues of modernized writers in issuing newspaper named Al - Sofoor and that made severe crisis in society and they were described as disbelievers.Fourth : Mohammad Husain Haikal defend Egypt independently and raise the slogan "Egypt for Egyptian" and assure it in most of his articles and did not agree to connect Egypt to Ottoman or British states and despite the one who raised this slogan was Ahmed Lutfi Al - Sayed but he gave it away in his last days but Mohammed Husain Haikal insisted on it till the end of monarchy

قيم التعايش في المجتمع الاسلامي المعاصر == Coexistence In The Contemporary Islamic Society

اسم المؤلف: نادية عبد الامير ابراهيم حسين
اسم المشرف: انس عصام اسماعيل الزيدي
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الفكر الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

احاديث المبادرة والاغتنام في السنة النبوية : دراسة تحليلية == The Talks Of Initiative And Seize In The Prophetic Sunna (An Analytical Study)

اسم المؤلف: سناء كاظم علي
اسم المشرف: محمد صفاء جاسم
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم القران
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The subject of initiative and seize is consider one of the important subjects of our daily life because in the initiative and seize times and the many chances and hurry in seizing them will get wage in life and recompense in heavens. We choose this subject because of the many lost chances that passed by our youth who do not seize them in doing good things, and do not initiate where there are type of people who complain very much and are lazy to develop themselves, and because in the initiative and seize have big effect in the solving of poverty problems by working to seize times in life activities. The scientific need for our above mentioned subject, made us tackle it in three chapters but the preface which include two inquiries : the first inquiry : identifying the talk and prophetic sunna in language and idiom, and the second inquiry : identifying the initiative and seize in language and idiom and the same for the related idioms.Chapter one : The talks about initiative and seize in worships. Chapter two : The talks of initiative and seize to make use of times at work. Chapter three : The talks of initiative and seize for repent and be fast to do good deeds before the appearing of glamours. The most important results of our thesis : 1 - The need for initiative and seize times for doing duties which by which we get recompense in the other life.2 - The need for the initiative for charity when we make good we shall seek to put an end for poverty by making food security for muslims society by spending money in the different ways of good.3 - The initiative to work raise the man from depending on other, and lead hard life in everyday life in addition making live from commerce or craft is better than living by depending on charities and similar staffs. 4 - The initiative to repent because it is the man shelter when doing sins and repent will make sustenance wider.
الملخص:
المصادر:

حرية اتخاذ القـرار للمراة في القـران الكريـم : دراسة موضوعية == Women's Freedom For Taking Decisions In The Holy Qur'an Objective Study

اسم المؤلف: رشا صبيح موسى سرهيد
اسم المشرف: عباس محمد رشيد الجبوري
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التفسير
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: لم تعرف البشرية دينا ولا حضارة عنيت بالمراة كعناية الاسلام وتعاليمه بها , فالمراة لها في شريعة الاسلام الاعتبار الاسمى والمقام الاعلى , تتمتع بشخصية محترمة ذات حقوق مقررة , وواجبات معتبرة , وتكريم المراة في الاسلام تم وفق مبادئ عامة وصور جامعة. ان المر | Humanity has never seen a religion nor a civilization took care of women like Islam and it doctrine did, in the Islamic law women have the superiority estimation and the uppermost place, and a respected character with planned rights, and significant duties, Honoring women in Islam is build on general essentials and in a whole form. Women are half the society and she is the one who raise the other half, and it has to be pointed out that she is the whole society she is a mother, a sister, a daughter and aunt.She is the source of tenderness, the passion in life. Women suffered through a lot, she was the victim in every bylaw, heartbroken every time, a fountain of sorrows, unjustly wronged and unjustly tamed, Until the light of Islam has risen, Islam has raised her status, made her equal to men, no differentiation only in piety, and gave her all the right to find her happiness in both lives, enshrined her from vulgarity in her youth and forfeiture her elderly. Islam came to promote human from a decadence level to sophisticated level of religion, moral and behavioral, and to elevate his dignity, both men and women. Freeing women is not an outside to the Islam religion, it is a priority right in our true religion, it freed her fourteen centuries ago, it's enough that Islam had freed her from slavery but Allah.Moreover, gave her all the free will to choose her creed, and gave women from the other religions the freedom to stay on their religion when marrying a Muslim man. As so she had the freedom to make family and raise generations, also gave her the right to choose a husband, and no one can force on marriage or a husband she does not want, and she has the freedom to separate from her husband if she doesn't feel satisfied, or if there was something wrong with him or if she didn't feel emotional inclination.As she had the freedom to choose her husband in the first place, so she can choose to separate from him.And Islam gave her the freedom to learn whatever she wants from sciences, and to keep up with the developments in her life, because Islam doesn't call to immobility, nor ignorance and leave women illiteracy, not knowing the things in her life. Then Islam freed her from the power of the father, brother and husband in her own money that she earned from her Halal work like business, inheritance or the dowry and so alike, Islam gave the adult women the freedom to manage it and no one can forbidden her or stop her. And from this point she was free to work in or outside her house, even though there are conditions and necessities to go out for work; to protect her dignity. Islam didn't stop at this much of freedom, it also gave her the right to political participation; to be effective in the society, political work is not limited for men only,she has the freedom to promote the virtue and prevent the vice, also she is commanded like men, she has the freedom to vote for who she sees valid for the state presidency, and she has the freedom to express her opinion and advise.
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