اسم المؤلف:
انس حسن حميد الزيدي
اسم المشرف:
سرمد زكي الجادر
المستخلص:
The American strategy Formed a subject for research and study for more than half a century, particularly since the end of World War II, the war that emerged, including the United States the most powerful country in the world and still, and perhaps the importance enjoyed by this strategy at present in the world did not come from a vacuum, since the the impact of this strategy extends beyond the borders of the countries of the world, the American strategy today might be called the Global Strategy, which gives itself the right to interfere in the internal affairs of other States.American strategy and like any other intervention strategies in the world promised changes in the industry, perhaps one of the beliefs and principles that are known to believe in faith that the American strategy makers and provide them and their different perception and interpretation of special events, which vary from decision maker to another, which necessarily have be (ie doctrine) economic or political, religious, etc..For more than a century, the United States take the decisions and adopt different strategies, in the cold war period, which lasted for four decades when the United States is seeking to one goal, namely ending the state of evil (the Soviet Union), as we see in that adopted different strategies, ranging between deterrence and containment and confrontation, finally, in foreign policy and, when talking about the United States in particular, feel free as long as there is a constant and that the goals but the means are changed, change means knows the strategy - makers of the position are to be dealt with, and understanding climate change principles and beliefs espoused by, for example, terrorism, and our model, it is not a new phenomenon, as well as the events of 11 September / 2001 is not the first time where the interests of America to direct attack by terrorist groups as Al Qaeda is not a terrorist, Walid yesterday, and Iraq is also not (threat) to the new American interests, but the change is to see and understand the American administration, which reached to the White House in the World 2000.Has the Department of the Republic in 2000 led by George W. Bush to re - definition of a comprehensive assessment of the threat facing the United States since even before the events of September, and then more broadly and in a manner raises many questions around it, as adopted in the analysis and assessment of the threat to the scratch, ie, in other words, uncertainty and intentions (not confirmed) and then Rkunha to many of the methods and procedures at the level of U.S. domestic and international order based on the justification formulated by the vision of the prior events for people with a certain ideology and vision, and advance draft, wanted to gain from access to decision - making positions to achieve, who have held positions major in management time.This study addresses the problem of the role of faith within the variable in the strategy - making process? How they affect this variable in the line of this whole process? What is the role played by this variable in the formulation of counter - terrorism strategy for the year 2002? And what arrangements had deliberately adopted the strategy - maker in order to achieve its goals and beliefs?Based on the hypothesis of the study to see that the American strategy makers in the U.S. administration in dealing with the issue of terrorism the way they divided the world with or against, it was not, in fact, stems from the real threat posed by terrorism to the United States, but across the stocks of intellectual belief and faith in some of the projects and goals and which carried the American decision - maker to be dealt with the phenomenon of terrorism in this way, and to demonstrate this hypothesis will be the answer to the following sub - questions : - Can be considered as a variable in the belief in the process of building a strategy? - How can we see this role? - How was the doctrine behind the adoption of the United States to the phenomenon of terrorism as a threat the first in the world, despite the existence of terrorism before the events of September 2001 until his attack on U.S. positions and interests with great force in some cases? - Where can I find the role of faith, consisting of the administration of President Bush in 2000?For research and knowledge of the subject based on problematic research and hypothesis, we found that it is appropriate that the letter contains the following chapters and detectives, as well as by the findings and conclusion (Chapter I - the conceptual framework), which was divided into three Investigation, I address the meaning of belief and some of the concepts related , the second topic and the concept of strategy, and the impact of the third topic of religion in building a strategy. The (Chapter II - faith in the American strategic perception after the events of 11 September / 2001), which was divided into Mbgesin, in the research topic I have been a personal decision - maker in the U.S., and the second topic dealt with the American conservative right. A (Chapter III - changing doctrine and U.S. strategy toward the phenomenon of terrorism after the events of 11 September / 2001) Bembgesin also, as the first topic dealt with the American vision of the phenomenon of terrorism, and the second topic dealt with the strategic performance to the phenomenon of terrorism in the U.S.It might be the role of religion (and its constituent principles, which believes in the strategic decision - maker) is limited in theory - building strategy in some of the visions contained some of the theories that explain the decision - making process, which goes to the format of the faith, who believes in the role of decision makers in the process of decision - making, But the practical side of this process proves otherwise, where the play of religion (and these different belief) plays a fundamental role in the process of strategic decision - making and to arrange an understanding of belief stems from the introductions to strategic thinking is based primarily on prior analysis of the phenomena, and hence a result, the initial belief practically affect the process of building a strategy. In order to learn what progress the study on the strategy of the United States in 2002 (the strategy for combating terrorism) model for the study, which was adopted by the United States of America following the events of September atheist ten for 2001 and ensured through the new century a century of American power.Not a phenomenon of international terrorism and the result of the events of 11 September / 2001, but on the contrary, as it did not target the interests of America's terrorism a new phenomenon, but the Department of American Republic, headed by George W. Bush and members of his administration of the American hard - liners have seized on the phenomenon from the beginning and found the argument that achieve their goals, as expressed by the coordinator for counter - terrorism in the former Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taylor Francis), he said, "the date of September 11, September 2001 is a day that will define the date, before the tragic events on that day, articles appeared in newspapers and magazines, accusing the U.S. government Nations of exaggerating the threat of terrorism, it is no longer the subject is controversial now, "It is here we can say that the management focus was on terrorism, even before the events of September in the United States and confirmed by the events of what came of the Department, as stated in the speech made by former President Bush at the anniversary Six months after the events of September, saying "each State should take seriously the growing threat of terrorism to the extent of catastrophic - a terrorist armed with biological weapons, chemical or nuclear, that some countries that sponsor terrorism seek to acquire weapons of mass destruction or it is already owned, It helps terrorist groups are hungry for these weapons do not hesitate to use it without any moral deterrent, there is no margin for error in the prevention of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and there are no opportunities to learn from mistakes, our alliance to work coherently, and not to work is an option does not exist "He wanted control of the Republican administration and Congress to pass both houses and the imposition of the prior visions of reality, which came to the Senate (Jesse Helms), who was chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee in the Senate, then expressed" by the Republicans now have an unprecedented opportunity to chart a new course for Foreign Affairs, where they control the White House and both legislative chambers, "this opportunity, which he described the former secretary of state (Colin Powell) (great opportunity), saying" This is a time of great opportunities for the United States since there is no other ideology can truly compete with the we can make to the world, that America should use its own strength, our politics, our diplomacy, our military, but in particular the strength of our ideas, in order to maintain in affairs of the world. "Thus, the study found a number of conclusions, including : 1. Belief that the variable play a role in the tripartite process of building the strategy (recognizing the formulation, performance) through the decision - makers, and believe in the principles of the vision of them prior to their positions and thus knows in advance the composition of the events, which consequently affected the strategic thinking process, which is framed by the established for the performance of a specific strategic advance in the strategic decision maker's mind, and whether these different religious belief, political or economic, and thus achieve the objectives of the State which are adapted and how the achievement of the objectives and principles of faith held by the strategic decision makers in the State. 2. Based on recognition of American strategic after 2000 on the doctrine of strategic decision - maker, which are after the events of September in the year 2001 (not from us is against us), this perception was not out of the blue, but on the contrary was the result of a number of beliefs and interests of some individuals and groups that found in the events of September the best place to achieve their dreams and interests, these individuals and groups that formed the administration of President George W. Bush, which was composed of a mixture of the intellectuals, both right - wing conservative (neo - conservatives and the radical Christian fundamentalist trend), in addition to large corporations with global interests, which expressed through the objectives interests of decision - makers times, and cross think tanks once again, through the influence and direct role in the formulation of strategy and development, so as to achieve its objectives, or through directed studies emanating from within the reservoir of thought, taking into account the non - neutrality of the target (nominal) is the hegemony that if it achieved the objectives behind belief components of the ideology of this administration. 3. Thought that the U.S. deal with the phenomenon of terrorism aimed at achieving the vision of his own interests and those interests behind the faith and believe in the principles of orientation, both for the use of force or the old hostility (especially by Protestant militants) to Arabs and Islam, or face internal challenges America faces the threat of America from behind the multi - cultures or in the absence of debt resulting from the material culture of capitalism, all of these values and goals found in the phenomenon of terrorism could be through drawing attention to them through the form of a specific thought, not to paint the true picture of this terrorism, and hence, the result was influenced by American thinking in dealing with the phenomenon of terrorism, specifically in mind in advance, which left the image of the event planning and strategy, which treated this phenomenon. 4. It was a strategic planning document produced for the U.S. National Security office in 2002 the foundation to justify and to legitimize the military calls the force carried by the members of the U.S. administration in the White House, which led the war against terrorism and rogue states, as it reflects and at the same time achieving the aspirations of a particular group and achieve their dreams and principles in the world is divided and re - engineering of the Middle East to serve its interests and security and the interests (Israel) in addition to the militarism of these groups as an instrument to deal with the other.5. The events of September about the wide gap between the principles advocated by the United States on the international regime, including the new rule represents the spirit of democracy, human rights and international cooperation in solving international problems and the proper practices and realistic based on the restriction of freedoms and human rights and overcome the denial of the rights and minority rights of citizens and residents of this the one hand, On the other hand, the external arrangements imposed by the United States of America on the pretext of combating terrorism in the world revealed the falsehood of the U.S. administration calls, where the fact that these arrangements have demonstrated the control of the U.S. on a number of important areas of the world, in addition to the waiver on the international laws, In both cases, the explicit expression of faith, which believes the members of the administration of former President George Bush. 6. That the United States by adopting the principle of preventive war against al Qaeda in Afghanistan and the Taliban regime has sought to achieve the supreme goal of domination of the United States of America, which seeks to preserve as far as possible, as well as investigating the doctrine of strategic decision - maker, who built the American war on terrorism, which was to his range of interests oil and to advocate the adoption of power and domination in the application of permanent hostility towards the States of the region k (China and Russia) and ensuring the security of the Eurasia region as a special U.S. influence.7. The U.S. invasion and occupation of Iraq an important step to achieve U.S. interests starting to change its political system, which intersects with and at all levels and leading to the rearrangement of the region in a manner consistent with the interests and the interests of its allies and to secure the site of a distinct regional ally (Israel), as well as for what they were dreaming of big companies in America in access to Iraqi oil
