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الملك سمسو - ايلونا ( 1749 - 1712ق.م) ودوره السياسي والحضاري في بلاد بابل == THE KING SAMSU - ILUNA (1749 - 1712B.C.) POLITICAL AND CULTURAL ROLE IN BABYLONIA

اسم المؤلف: علي سعدي مجهد العيساوي
اسم المشرف: شيبان ثابت مصطفى الراوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار

اليمن في ظل الصراع الاجنبي : الالف الاول قبل الميلاد الى الاحتلال الحبشي الثاني == YEMENS CONDITION WITH FOREIGN CONFLICT SINCS THE FIRST THOUSAND B.C TO THE SECOND ABYSSINIAN CCUPATION

اسم المؤلف: اكرم ابراهيم عبد الله الجميلي
اسم المشرف: احمد حسين احمد الجميلي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:

الطرق التجارية في العراق القديم ابان العهد الفرثي 247ق.م - 226م == Trade Routes In The Ancient Iraq During The Parthian (247 Bc - 226 AD)

اسم المؤلف: اثار علي كليكل جالس
اسم المشرف: جواد مطر الحمد الموسوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
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الامبراطور اوكتافيوس اغسطس ودوره في تاسيس الامبراطورية الرومانية 36 ق.م 41 م == Emperor Octavius Augustus And His Role In The Founding Of The Romanian Empire 63 B.C - 14 A.D )

اسم المؤلف: ريم صالح عبد الزهرة
اسم المشرف: ميثم عبد الكاظم النوري
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Emperor Octavius Augustus is considered one of the prominent characters who played an effective role in the history of the Roman Empire through his establishment to a new political system known in the roman history by Empire System. The nations of the empire witnessed a prosperity in all the aspects of life, as his policy was drawn on the basis of spreading peace in all of the empire so his reign was known as the Augustus peace reign.Throughout the study of the emperor Octavius biography a very important issue clarified to us which adoption which was very common at that age and due to it the emperor Augustus managed to inherent his mother's uncle and his adopted Julius Caesar as destiny wished to him to be the first emperor.His personality was described as intelligent and military and political ability whom he surrounded by patience which enabled him to reach out his goals although he ruled the Roman Empire with Antonius and Lepidus legally and publically based on the second triple government but he managed to remove them and rule individually.The emperor divided the rule of the empire between him and the sanato council so he called them the sanatory state and empire and made several reforms in Rome to strengthen the empire rule on all levels like the administrative, military, economic, social and construction so his era was considered one of the best peace and prosperity in which Rome became one of the greatest cities in the Roman Empire.As for his external policy which was described with good reasoning and managing the issues was from his expansion policy in submitting the nations whom he used towards the western states enabled him to establish security in it while the eastern states he forced his control on them and applied some new regulations in all life aspects. As for the external relations, he had peace relations with the Firthian states in the Arabic peninsula after the failure of the military campaign on Yemen which changed his mind from controlling to seeking peace.His reign lasted for 41 years in which he managed to expand the lands of the Roman Empire and managing them through depending on a group of professional people in the state who played their role indirectly and were faithful to the emperor like Agrebia and Mikanas and some of his consultant and military leaders.
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اثر حضارة بلاد الرافدين في شعوب سورية القديمة (2800 - 539 ق. م) : المعتقدات الدينية والادب انموذجا == The Impact Of The Civilization Of Mesopotamia, On The Ancient Syrian Peoples (2800 - 539. B.C.) Religious Beliefs And Literature As An Example

اسم المؤلف: عبد اللطيف عائد عباس صويلح التميمي
اسم المشرف: عامر حمزة حسين الغريب
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The civilization of Mesopotamia is one of authentic civilizations that have influenced many nations and ancient peoples, and became the focus of interest since ancient times, benefiting from its creativity and circulating its news, especially in the religious and literary sides, and among those people affected by the civilization of Mesopotamia are the peoples of ancient Syria. Our study, therefore, is an attempt to penetrate in that influence, despite the fact that many of the researches and theses have addressed this subject, but they did not address the impact of the civilization of Mesopotamia in ancient Syrian peoples, with respect to religious and literary sides, it has not received enough study and analysis. Hence the importance of studying the topic has emerged because it highlights the important aspect of the originality of the civilization of Mesopotamia, and the extent to which the ancient Syrian peoples got affected by these two sides. Our study consists of three chapters preceded by a prologue that addresses the authenticity of the civilization of Mesopotamia and provides archaeological evidence of that authenticity. The first chapter, within three sections, discusses religion characteristics, literature, and the factors that contributed to their spread, while the second chapter which also included three sections, addresses Mesopotamian religious influences in the ancient Syrian religion, including the gods, rituals of the doctrine of the fertile, daily acts of worship, building of the temples, burial ritual, and the priests. The third chapter, in its three sections, deals with literary influences of Mesopotamian myths, epics, poetry, and the wisdom literature. The study concluded the most important findings of the researcher and the most important of which are the following : 1 - The civilization of Mesopotamia is characterized with the authenticity and originality the roots of which extend in the depth of human existence. That has been shown clearly through exhibiting a number of archaeological examples that showed that originality.2 - One of the most important factors that have helped to spread the Mesopotamian religious beliefs and moral codes is trade that contributed to the delivery of the civilization of Mesopotamia to neighboring and distant countries. In addition, the military expansion carried out by the kings of Mesopotamia had a significant impact in these two aspects of the spread of civilization. 3 - The religions of the peoples of ancient Syria are noted to have been affected by the characteristics of the religion of Mesopotamia, such as multiple gods and other aspects that those peoples borrowed various rituals and acts of worship the origins of most of them go back to Mesopotamia and they added to them some characteristics as they wish.4 - Most of the ugaritic and biblical myths are noted to have Mesopotamian roots, that the ugaritic and biblical writer quoted a lot of the texts of literature, especially those that are related to the myths, legends, and poetry, in addition to that the ugaritic got influenced by the Mesopotamian advice and guidance. The writers of the Old Testament were familiar with the Mesopotamian wisdom, especially the wisdom of Ahiqar, the Assyrian laureate sage, from which they quoted the educational wisdom texts. They introduced lot of the Mesopotamia texts in the texts of the biblical books after altering and employing them in accordance with their religious views
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المراسلات الادارية للامبراطورية الاشورية الحديثة (911 - 612 ق.م) تجاه حكام المقاطعات == Modern Assyrian Empire'S Administrative Correspondences To The Governors Of Territories (911 - 612 B.C.)

اسم المؤلف: فاتن حميد قاسم
اسم المشرف: غسان عبد صالح
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Administrative correspondences are considered of vital significance for any country or empire which kings keep on governing and ruling, and its importance like arteries for human body. The inception of the documentation of such correspondences can be traced back to the invention and spread of the writing system. Correspondences take a special place in the Cuneiform and historical studies since they are regarded as the most important historical resources for identifying the politics and civilization of Assyrian Empire exposing the life nature and administrative organization of the empire at that time, and this is the reason behind choosing such a topic as the main focus of this study. The present study falls into four chapters with an introduction. Chapter one deals with the nature of Assyrian administrative correspondences in the First Thousand B.C., and sub - divided into three sections. Section one is an introductory overview of correspondences and territories from linguistic and technical perspectives. Section two studies the formats of administrative correspondences. Section three sheds light on the employees of administrative correspondences (messengers) and their role in the Assyrian political and military life. Chapter two highlights the main Assyrian territories in terms of their geographical distribution. It is sub - divided into four sections. Section one examines the central territories, and section two studies the northern, western and west northern territories. Section three covers the eastern and south eastern territories, whereas section four tackles the southern territories. Chapter three examines the contents and themes of administrative correspondences. It has three sections. Section one spots light on the interior security affairs and laws abiding, the diplomatic tactics, and the intelligence system. Section two deals with the military correspondences, recruiting system and military campaigns. Section three, on the other hand, is mainly concerned with Assyrian mailing and communication system. Chapter four covers the administrative correspondences for economic and constructional aspects. It is sub - divided into three sections. Section one deals with the economic correspondences. Section two is limited to the constructional and architectural correspondences. Section three deals with diversified Assyrian correspondences. Finally, the study is concluded with a number of findings : Assyrian administrative correspondences show the kings? interference in every aspect of territories, and most correspondences sent by the governors were answers to the kings? messages. Also, there is a large number of correspondences approximating to 2000 messages covering different aspects, and some of these correspondences in script forms are not safe as many of them smashed and broken.

المشاريع والنظم الاروائية في بلاد اشور ابان العصر الاشوري الحديث 911 - 612 ق.م == The Projects And Systems 0F Irrigation In Assyria At The Neo - Assyrian Period (911 - 612 B.C)

اسم المؤلف: راكان فرج عازر ميخا الخياط
اسم المشرف: خالد سالم اسماعيل
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Water is one of the most important necessities of life and settlements, and its supply on a permanent basis in Mesopotamia was of concern to people and rulers alike, wherein irrigation and control of water have been nerve of life, and the extent of its development shows the degree of development of the city in any spot.Assyria, despite its reliance in agriculture, almost absolutely, on the rain, but irrigation was necessary for the settlement that it has reached an advanced degree of development, taking advantage of accumulated experience of the residents of southern Mesopotamia.This thesis studies irrigation projects during the modern Assyrian era (911 - 612 B.C.), a topic that occupies a great importance in the Assyrian field studies, which although taken by a number of studies, yet these studies often suffer from generalization and superficiality in judgments, the lack of the physical evidence and the obsoleteness of the documentation. The goal is to show two things; first is the large number of Assyrian irrigation projects such as digging canals and wells, etc., and second is the development of irrigation systems and methods in Assyria in various aspects, the spread of settlements and land investment in agriculture, thus Assyria producing its food, not depending on the submissive regions.This thesis consists of three chapters. The first has been divided into four sections, which deal with Assyria in terms of geography, agricultural and water potentials, the appropriateness of Assyria for irrigation, and the degree of influence of Babylonia on Assyria in terms of establishing irrigation projects and mentioning some details about the Assyrian experience in establishing various methods of irrigation and presentingevidence about the irrigation business of kings and rulers of the provinces.Chapter II deals with the irrigation projects in the cities of Kalhu, Imgur - Enlil (Balawat), Dur - Sharrukin, the city of Ashur, and Arbailu and the latest developments in information about these projects in addition to mentioning some details of a project that has not been known before is Imgur - Enlil (Balawat) city irrigation project.Chapter III concerns Sennacherib project to irrigate the capital of Nineveh, several aspects of which are still in need of further clarification. This chapter has been divided into six sections. The first deals with the city of Nineveh and its location and need for water.The rest of the sections relate to the stages of the project starting from the first stage of Kisiri canal to Musri mount canals, Eighteen canals, and canals of the Northern System, which include canals Malthayaa (Malti), Faida, Tarbisu, Tel - Uskof, and Khinis system stage.This study, in addition to highlighting the Assyrian expertise in the field of irrigation, has come up with results such as adding new information in several aspects, the most notable of which is the presence of irrigation project to the city of Assyrian previously unknown by researchers namely Imgur - Enlil city as this project probably dates back to the era of its founder Ashur - Nasir - Pal II(883 - 859B.C). or the reign of his son, King Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 B.C.), and considering the project of Sennacherib composed of five stages not four as previously thought, with redefining the locations of many cities such as the location of Me, Kukut and Bitura cities, and the mountains such as Tas mountain in addition to mentioning information for the first time concerning the canal Faida, its depth and its extent and newly discovered sites.
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الالهة الشابة المذكرة بين الموت والانبعاث في الشرق الادنى القديم : دراسة في الوظائف والصفات == The Male Young Deiteis Between Death And Resurrection In Anceint Near East A Studty In The Characters And Functions

اسم المؤلف: سرى حسين علي الحسوني
اسم المشرف: غسان عبد صالح
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The subject of this thesis is on of the most important subjects that is because it dealt with a content didn’t exist in any other study, it is also an attempt to understand the role of cosmos. The thesis also compared between the roles of these deities and show there and the role of each of them ,the role of them and what had been left of prints on his their society. So, to comprehend the subject as much as it could be, this study has been divided into four chapters preceded by a prelude devoted to explain the geographical sphere of the area of the research and a brief summery about each state of the enceinte Near East States and a conclusion : The first chapter : Includes the male young deities names and their worshiping places. It consisted of three sections ; the first section dealt with the deities names and there references where in it presented the meaning of each deity's name and its references. The second section dealt with the male young deities signals , which shows that each deity has signals distinguish it from the other deities. The third section emerges the geographical diffusion of the male young deities worshipping where the section shows the extent of the geographical spheres that these deities worshipped in them and the most distinguished temples of them. The second chapter : Includes the male young deities' functions and characters and it consisted of three sections. The first section dealt with the functions of the deities and emerges the importance of each function. The second section dealt with the character of these deities where we emerged in it the characters that distinguished each deity. The third section includes a comparison of these deities functions and characters. The third chapter : Dealt with studying the temporary death of the male young deities through three sections. The first section presented the ancient near east people thought about death and its terrors which represent the greatest enigma for human being. the second section detailed the temporary death of the male young deities where as for human being the immortal death is his fate , his deities were meeting a temporary death , and the section dealt with a comparison study of the male young deities. The forth chapter : Includes the male young deities resurrection and divided into three sections. The first section narrated the ancient near east people thought about resurrection which represents a solution to the enigma of death and an exit from it. The second section includes the resurrection of the male young deities which it was an attempt to understand the return of the breed and grow season return. While the third section consisted of a comparison to these deities resurrection. The conclusion of this study was an attempt to shed a light on the idea of death and resurrection of the male young deities in the ancient near east that reached to the following conclusions : Meanings references that are derivate from its functions which it has. Also the study explained the ancient worshipping of deity Dumuzy before the other deities where it worshipped in the forth millennium then the deity Auzeer then after it Baal and finally Telpino; so that is mean that worshipping the deity Dumuzy diffused from Mesopotamia to the rest of the near east countries to reach to the Nile Valley. Each of these deities has temples according the old instructions and texts. All these deities are associated in two functions which are the growth and life ; the death and resurrection. Also it was clear the functions of the deity Auzeer in the first state then the deity Baal then Dumuzy and finally Telpino , in adition to that the role of the deity Auzeer in the upper and lower worlds other than the other male young deities, and that was emerging from the religious Egyptian faith which interested in the lower world more than the upper world. Like the functions were the characters of the male young deities in similarity and differences. The study proved the belief of the ancient near east people in death and it is the fate of all people but at the same time the were afraid of it , so they put on the world of deaths nominees like darkness terror and also those who are running it of deities and devils. The study emerged the absence of all deities from the upper world , but that doesn't mean their all subjection to the real death; where the deity Telpino excepted from that because he canceled and didn't dye; and that absence was for a limited time according to the environment of each society ; except the deity Auzeer which remains in the lower world. The methods of death are associated among the three deities(Dumuzy,Azeer,Baal), according to one of the narratives they all killed, while differ in other narratives; this state also similar in wives.Resurrection wasn't strange on the people of Mesopotamia but they didn't adopt its faith not like the Egyptians who believed in it and considered it the exit of their worry on death , so they drew a nice picture to the after death world ; the same thing was for the Augharets and Hittites. The resurrection of deities were different. The resurrection of Dumuzy can not be happened without the existents of a another one go to the deaths world instead of him, while Auzeer resurrected by Izeas magic ways, the deity Baal resurrected by killing the enemy of the deity Mout and burning it and throwing its ash ; Telpino resurrected by a bee sting after that they held ceremonies to purify him from its anger.Finally the study emerged the importance of the male young deities role in the ancient near east in all the life joints, starting with the growth of plants passing to human being ending with animals
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التنظيمات الادارية في العهد الاخميني (550 - 331 ق.م) == Administrative Organizations In The Achaemenid Period (B.C 331 - 550)

اسم المؤلف: اسماء جميل راضي
اسم المشرف: مهدية فيصل صالح الموسوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: In this study The ancient Persian civilization in general. And the Achaemenid civilization in particular Researcher finds Achaemenids that the Kings did not leave written records kept of events that they have experienced. As if to be a glorification of victories or listed the battles they have fought. As well as any mention not up to us the sequence of historical events prepared by scholars and scribes of the royal court by order of any king of kings, the Achaemenids.Especially kings who knew the political wisdom And the efficiency of the state administration, such as King Cyrus II (B.C 530 - 559) and King Darius I (B.C 486 - 521). As they never left only minor administrative records, have been saved in property cupboards indicate that they have succeeded in organizing and managing their empire Therefore, beneficiaries of cultures and peoples systems that bowed under the authority of the Achaemenid Empire. But to say that the existence of such records. It does not mean that prospectors archaeologists were able to provide an archive of the entire administrative nature of the administrative System that the empire.Anumber of reasons, including damage to materials that were used to write it prevented that. And the existence of such records in the capital, PersepolisWas chosen the subject of research in order to identify the nature of the system, which make that a cohesive empire for two centuries (B.C 331 - 550).Before getting into the details of the divisions of research has to besaid what was written. By historians who are interested in studying the Iranian civilizations, especially on the subject of administrative regulations in the Achaemenid era which is a scattered research Therefore, I began to search for the character of the administrative system, which has become Case in the political ,entities that developed on the land of Persia Basically Depending on the circumstances of each entity and nature. Therefore, I divide the study into four chapters. With an introduction and an introductory essay and aconclusion.
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الممالك السورية في القرن الرابع عشر قبل الميلاد في ضوء نصوص تل العمارنة == The Syrian Kingdoms In The Fourteenth Century Bc In The Light Of Tall Al - Amarna Texts

اسم المؤلف: احمد عبد الله فاضل الدليمي
اسم المشرف: احمد حسين احمد الجميلي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: الانبار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: In the 4th century B.C. what was called the “Syrian Kingdoms” represented the economic and cultural core of the political events. They became like that for its strategic and political place. Even that those kingdoms were not one political entity, they shaped a cultural entity inside Syria. For the previous reason, those kingdoms were unable to defend themselves against the continuous raids. Those raids came from more than one direction and particularly from Mesopotamia, Nile valley, Mitani, and Hittite kingdoms. Those kingdoms [Syrian Kingdoms] were not also capable of holding back the tribes’ immigrations that went deeply into them and some of these tribes destroyed and conquered like what was known as Khabeero tribe and those facts are proven by excavations.The main cause behind choosing such subject was to know the avidity of the great countries towards Syria in the prehistoric period and the results that came after. The political and cultural significance of that era and its effects on Syrian kingdoms that time made the researcher seeks to find out the kingdoms’ role in that epoch through cuneiform resources that were discovered in Egypt in (1887 A.C.) in Tall - Amarna. That discovery had a big reverberation among the historians. It is also regarded as one of the most important sources of the Syrian history in the 14th century A.C. they are letters between Babylon, Assyrian, Mitannies and Hittite kings from one hand and Syrian kings from another, especially the kings of the coastal parts that were somehow related to pharaohs the Egyptian rulers through that period that became widely known as Amarna era. The language used in those letters was Acadian (Babylon middle accent) except one letter was written in Assyrain (EA15), another in Mitanni language (EA24 ) and two others were in Hittite (EA 31 - 32). The content of those letters included the political issues of the old east generally, the Syrian’s rulers attitudes towards Egypt pharaohs and it showed the political Egyptian effects and the alliances held to encounter Hittite dangers which was aimed on north Syria. The letters also depicted theloyalty differences among the Syrian kingdoms towards the main political powers (Egypt, Hittite kingdom and Mitanni kingdom) and how that influenced in their schism. That led to disturbed political situation that its impact extended to cease the cultural development and prevent the unity of the small entities; contrarily it made each Syrian ruler seeks for his own interests that ensures the continuity of his reign.The thesis consists of three parts preceded by an introduction and followed by an ending.The first part deals with the coastal kingdoms in the 4th century B.C. and it has two subdivisions the coastal parts and the other is entitles as the internal kingdoms.The second part includes the Syrian coastal kingdoms in the 4th century B.C. in accordance with Tall - Amarna Texts. It also has two subparts which are the relation between Egypt and coastal kingdoms in conformity with Tall - Amarna Texts , whereas the other is the coastal kingdoms economic conditions according to Tall - Amarna Texts.The final part is about the Syrian internal kingdoms in the 4th century B.C. according to Tall - Amarna Texts. The third part is divided into two subparts. The first one shows the internal kingdoms’ political relationships with Egypt according to Tall - Amarna Texts and the second includes the internal kingdoms’ economic conditions with Egypt according to Tall - Amarna Texts.
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التشريع والقانون في الامبراطورية الرومانية : دراسة مقارنة مع التشريعات والقوانين العراقية القديمة == The Legislation And The Law In The Roman Empire A Comparative Study In Reference To Ancient Iraqi Laws

اسم المؤلف: حسن كاظم دخيل
اسم المشرف: حسين احمد سلمان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: كانت الامبراطورية الرومانية شاسعة الاجزاء، وتضم اشتاتا من الشعوب واللغات والتقاليد، ولم يكن هناك ادنى شك فيمن تكون له السيارة، وهي بالتاكيد للمواطنين الرومان الذين استطاعوا ان يقهروا في بضعة قرون هذه الدول المختلفة جميعها، الواحدة تلو الاخرى، حتى عر | The Roman Empire extended to vast parts, and included various groups of peoples, languages and traditions. After conquering various nations in few centuries, the region went under the rule of the Romans (Imperium Romanum). Although Rome considered the Rom
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سياسة الدولة البابلية الحديثة في ادارة المقاطعات (612 - 539 ق.م) == The Modern Babylonian State's Policy in Provinces Administration

اسم المؤلف: وسن جاسم محمد علي
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الله عطية الزيدي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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زمري - ليم ملك ماري (1782 - 1760ق.م) دراسة في الجوانب السياسية والحضارية == Zimri - Lim King of Mari (1782 - 1760 B.C) A Study in the political and cultural aspects

اسم المؤلف: فارس حاتم عداي الخزرجي
اسم المشرف: عادل شابث جابر
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
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المصادر:

اله العواصف والامطار في معتقدات سكان سورية القديمة دراسة في الميثولوجيا والفكر الديني القديم (2500 - 500ق.م) == GOD OF STORMS AND RAIN IN THE BELIEFS OF THE INHABITANTS OF ANCIENT SYRIA A STUDY IN THE MYTHOLOGY AND THE ANCIENT RELIGIOUS THOUGHT (2500 - 500 B.C)

اسم المؤلف: عبير عباس فاضل المياحي
اسم المشرف: جمال ندا صالح السلماني
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

الاحوال الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في عهد الملك الاخميني دارا الاول (521 - 486 ق.م) == Socio - economic conditions in the reign of the king Achaemenid Dara I (521 - 486 BC.)

اسم المؤلف: سولاف عبد المطلب قدوري حسن
اسم المشرف: جواد مطر الحمد الموسوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

الدلالات السياسية في الاساطير والملاحم العراقية القديمة == Political Connotations in Aucient Iraqi Mythology and Epics

اسم المؤلف: صفا مقداد عبد الجليل
اسم المشرف: سعدون عبد الهادي برغش الامير
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Represented the ancient civilization of Iraq first bright human civilization has been able to provide huge potential at the level of maturity of civilization in all areas of life, It is considered to be the first civilization that was able to reveal the greatest achievement in the history of mankind, namely, the invention of the first system of writing and through which the formation of human thought in all its details which made subsequent generations to be proud and boasts its bright history, whether it was a political history or cultural history. the ancient Iraqi man had left for us lots of cultural achievements, of which myths and epics which reflected a number of religious, social, economic and political connotations that were prevalent in ancient Iraqi society. This study has limited its subject of the political connotations of the ancient Iraqi epics and myths, especially since most the disputes and conflicts that took place between the gods in heaven is only a reflection of most political, military, human and economic conflicts that ancient Iraq faced through the long historical eras, The myths and epics referred to some political practices, for example, a number of myths reflected the governing rule that prevailed at that time which in resembled geaphical era that represented by primitive democracy. In addition, the most most epics and myths referred to the origin of political authority in ancient Iraq since lraqi ancients viewed the kingship as being a sacred gift from heaven in which gods mandated kings in order to rule and the country. Therefore, it lies over all the kings to obey and implement the will of the gods as they represented them in ruling manking. The result of the political importance of which reflected by the myths and epics of ancient Iraqi came our choice to the subject of the study, especially since the ancient Iraqis had an advanced and sophisticated political system since the beginning of their historical eras and they had tried to express about their political ideology. This happened in various ways, most notably they were expressed through myths and epics, which became clear to us by through some of the it historical events that came to us by texts written by the ancient kings of Iraq. The most important example is the Control of mountaineers represented by Eotien and kothean over the country. This happened due to various reasons, as reflected to us by ancient Iraqi myths. It status and importance of god and its relationship with other gods was done according to the changes and political developments in the country as this was reflected in the story of Babylonian creation. There are myths and epics proved that the political system that has become prevalent in the third millennium BC, and it was a hereditary tyrannical system, So the advisory councils(parlimentary) were vanished and we only left with its repercussions (echo), due to the Kings greedy policy to stay in power. These kings have made the royal lineage is the most important reasons to inherit the throne in the ancient Iraq which prompted many of the kings who usurped the throne to claim to be the adoptive sons of the gods. As it was clear to us that the truism and importance of a person who rules the country must be a strong, brave and wise people in his actions and decisions. It means that the person must has the qualities and abilities that distinguish him from a normal human. The most Also myths and epics reflected to us one of the most notably legend Ann and Dimozi and how the rulers and kings in the ancient Iraq tied everything related to the aspects of life, especially the political aspect will religion in order to gain the people and consequently serve their personal interest due to a prominent religion effect on the ancient Iraqi man. Moreover, most of the ancient Iraqi epics reflected to us how the ancient Iraqi kings and rulers depended on the relations of diplomatic policy will other countries and regions, which have had a significant impact in the foreign policy of Iraq and how to set up those relationships of treaties and negotiations. These relationships were carried out through a series of messengers and envoys who enjoyed a prominent position within the royal court especially because they were representing the only link that connects the Kings with each others.

نظم ادارة الدولة في مصر القديمة منذ نشاتها حتى عام 525 ق.م == State Administration systems in ancient Egypt since its inception until the year 525 BC

اسم المؤلف: سارة جبار ارشيد
اسم المشرف: فاضل كاظم حنون
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Egypt is her oldest civilization the world has ever known, and its history is the cornerstone in the history of human civilization and have Egypt as a strong solid appeared construction ample Iraon pharaohs knew management and administrative divisions, was the pharaoh absolute ruler of the country, and have full control over the land and its resources. The king was supreme commander of the army and head of the government, which relied on the administrative officials in the management of its affairs .The Royal Palace is the main center for the management of the affairs of governance, headquartered in the capital. And the minister follows the king in importance and status is the actual head of the government minister is assisted by senior officials and heads of public departments (such as the Treasury - Grain and records Works and eliminate stores) was the minister a great role, he was supervisor of all departments and agencies, and was proceeding his functions in the era of the old Central State the capital, where it is close to the King and the main centers of the different departments in the era of the modern state there were two ministers, one of them resides in the good and oversees Upper Egypt, and the second is based in Memphis, and oversees the Lower and Middle Egypt .And it became provincial governors are appointed by the king and acting for them in the management of the regions and are subject to the supervision of Wazzerrocan there before unity governor of each region, but after the unit became provincial governors are appointed by the king and acting for them in the management of the regions and are subject to the supervision of Wazzerrocan provincial governors buried in the tombs of the capital, close to the King of God Cemetery .In periods of weakness of the king's authority and the central government was riding Boqalamanm provincial governors and was chief justice is the most important man in the state afterbWazzarohnak two courts, one in the south and the other in the north in addition to the county courts .Central administration chief : minister was head of the central administration is made up of ten adult Council Katmy King divans Aovernmh.cil top ten secrets chosen by the king and headed Wazzeroytkon of senior civil servants and some heads of government offices and some provincial governors .Based on the requirements of the research was divided in four chapters, each chapter of which was divided on Investigations, according to this division first chapter was titled (state management systems politically) have been divided on the three topics included the first King's role in the state administration) The second section Eating Minister functions in the administration and the third included to clarify the administration regions and provinces have been reached by this chapter to the study of the King administration of the country in all respects the great role of the Minister of administration deputation of the King big role in the various administrative aspects as well as how the rule of the provincial governors for their regions and their responsibilities in the territories and the management and organization affairs on the basis of what they receive from the directives of the supreme authority of the king .The second chapter came entitled (economic, social, educational and health institution management) has been divided this chapter into four sections the first is the address economic Enterprise Management The second section of this chapter Vtm which address the social enterprise management and the third includes the educational institution management (educational) fourth and Section health management and responsibility of physicians in the management of the health system in the ancient Egyptian society has reached a chapter that ancient Egypt possesses advanced management included various economic aspects, social and advanced instruction, healthy and well - organized and thorough .cThe third chapter, titled (the administration of justice systems and the army and police) Vtm divided into three sections I eat the administration of justice systems and the second topic army management systems The third section includes police management systems have been reached through the detective to the ancient Egyptians worked to achieve justice in all aspects and efficiency of the military administration, which reflected positively so that overtook Egypt military force was formed which was able to maintain the unity of the country and defend all of which came through an efficient management style in the management of this institution .The fourth chapter and the last title (Religious Leaders) included politically temple management in the first section and the management of economic activities of the temple in Section II and III priests management of education systems and the name display the role of priests in their administration of the temple in all respects inverse relationship with the royal power to increase their influence in ancient Egypt .And multi - cultural aspects covered by the search of the religious, political, legal, and warships, and educational, social and varied sources that have been adopted mainly to accomplish, and these sources (Latin Drboton and Jack Fandh, ancient Egypt) and (Ramadan Abdul Ali, the ancient civilization of Egypt since ancient times until the end of the Libyan dynastic eras), (Mohamed Bayoumi Mehran, the ancient Egyptian civilization, c 2) and other sources

التنبؤات والرؤى في اسفار الانبياء في التوراة : دراسة تاريخية في مضامينها وتاثيراتها == The Predictions and Visions in the Biblical Prophets' Books : A historical study of their implications and influences

اسم المؤلف: رافد كاظم كريدي
اسم المشرف: احمد مجيد حميد الجبوري
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study of the Biblical predictions and visions is one of the important topics that attracts many researchers in the fields of history , archaeology , anthropology , linguistics and theology .The interest and aim of such studies can be , therefore , clarified in short in knowing some ancient historical events related to them and the features of historiography of the periods during which they were written or belonging to . These studies are , moreover , revealing and reflecting the general and special implications and influences of divination ( foretelling ) in the ancient societies and their beliefs . Prophecies , on the other hand , resulted from the divine predictions and visions represent a special world in the Hebrew Bible as they are connected with the great prophets who either saw visions , predicted ( prophesied ) or received prophecies and messages from the Lord God . The Hebrew Bible contains prophecies which had been generated through dream visions, revelation and inspiration , or had been conveyed directly to foretell the future events and the will of "Yahweh" whose testament is said to be everlasting with the Jewish people ( named " the Sons / children of Israel " ) . The other importance of the topic is that the prophecies , predictions and visions played a major role in many historical events especially in the Jewish history and theology .They were , rather , the " motives of the early man's history ". God's testament and prophecy had led the Israelites from Egypt to Palestine ( the land of Canaan ) to be their own new homeland according to the Biblical tradition . Thus , the fulfillment of every prophecy is associated with the Yahweh's power , blessings and mainly glory . Hence, every true prophecy had to be revealed from the Lord to either of His chosen Israelite Prophets and proclaimed to His People or to the nations of the earth everywhere . The Books of the Prophets are divided into two main parts : the major four Prophets and the minor twelve Prophets . They cover the fourth part of the modern translations of the Hebrew Bible which begins with Isaiah and ends with Malachi . As the Biblical prophecies dealt with the past , present and future , we have , therefore , concentrated on the future predictions because they help to foretell and examine history and theology as well as judge the fulfillments of each book . We've focused , as well , on the devices of literacy and ambiguous symbolism in the religious texts which need special care of interpretation and knowing the " mood " of the age of each , and , moreover , the views , hypotheses and conclusions of the researchers . Therefore, our study has , in fact , concentrated on the major prophets : Isaiah , Jeremiah , Ezekiel , as they include a great variety and a large rate of predictions , prophecies and visions . The historicity of prophecies , predictions and visions , the styles and dictions used or implied , their historical background all these things have been taking into consideration . The plan of the study has been divided into five chapters, with sections and subsections. The first chapter includes two sections and deals with the historical background , the method we followed , the features , implications and influences of divination ( prediction ) and vision in both the Bible and the Ancient Near East heritage .The second chapter has been assigned to study the symbolic religious and linguistic indications as well as the implications of prophecy , divination and vision .The third chapter studies the implications and influences of predictions and visions in the major Prophets : the Book of Isaiah . While the fourth chapter traces the implications of predictions and visions in the Book of Jeremiah, and the last chapter is used to shade light on the implications of predictions and visions in the Book of Ezekiel. The study beings with a preface and ends with the conclusions, a list of bibliography, an abstract in English and an appendix .

صناعة الاثاث في مصر القديمة (3000 - 1000 ق.م) == Furniture Industry in Ancient Egypt (B.C. 3000 - 1000

اسم المؤلف: احمد قاسم سلمان
اسم المشرف: محمد فهد القيسي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The subject of furniture industry in ancient Egypt (3000 - 1000 B.C) is one of the subjects that has a distinctive position in ancient Egypt because of its relationship with the worldly, religious and funerary life. On account of their interest in their comfort, the ancient Egyptians exploited what was available to them of materials in the worldly life in making furniture that was used in their homes and palaces. In order to provide eternal rest for the dead in the other world, industry funerary furniture was buried with them. There was found a lot of models of it in their graves. The Egyptians’ graphics on furniture and craftsmen’s furniture on graves helped us to identify how they made furniture, from which materials it consisted of, in which age it was made, and which tools were used in its manufacture. Furniture makers used very splendid styles in decorating the ancient Egyptian furniture, particularly styles that were related to the religious life; such as, making some of the furniture in the form of a goddess or drawing a goddess on the furniture. The Egyptian funerary furniture is regarded as the best kind of furniture in the ancient East at that time. This is largely because of the Egyptians’ interest in providing comfort for themselves in a world beyond death. The Egyptian furniture is considered as the best furniture that was made in the ancient Near East. Through examination of the models found, it becomes clear that they were made with great accuracy and skill. The ancient Egyptians used techniques that were not found in the ancient Near East. As a result of the importance of the Egyptian furniture and aesthetic characteristics it has, furniture in the time present is made on the same models of the ancient Egyptian furniture.Because Egypt lacks good timber that is necessary in furniture industry, they had to bring the timber from neighboring countries, especially from the Levant. However, the nature of the Egyptian environment helped the availability of the minerals and rocks in ancient Egypt and the Egyptians exploited them. The furniture was made from wood, metal, stone , ivory, glass and other materials. However, most furniture was made of wood because the wooden furniture was abundantly found in Egypt and it was studded with gold, silver and ivory. The best furniture that was found in ancient Egypt was in the tomb of King Tutankhamen, during the modern state, where it was found many of the funerary furniture, especially that was made of wood and gold.The study has been divided into exordium and five chapters preceded by an introduction and ended up by conclusion. Chapter one titled ( Raw materials and their sources) comprised of four parts; part one (raw plants), in this part, we discussed the local and imported trees and their types in addition to the reed and flax and dyeing plants which were used for making the furniture. Part two : (minerals and stones raw materials) tackled the minerals which are used in furniture manufacturing and the stones which are used in the construction, and the semi and precious stones which were used in making the furniture. Part three : ( raw materials of animals and other materials) tackled the animal materials which were used in making the furniture including the basic ones such as the ivory and the skins or the minor materials used for the emblazonment such as seashell and oyster. Part four (sources of raw materials) tackled the neighboring countries which provide Egypt with the raw materials whether peacefully or by waging war, in addition, the economic relation with other states in relation to the materials used in manufacturing the furniture.Chapter two : ( furniture manufacturing techniques) comprised of three parts; prat one (makers, workshops and their circumstances) discussed the titles of the makers, their types , and their works; workshops, their types, their management, and the circumstances and workers' wages. Part two ( tools of work) discussed the tools, their types and assembling and their usage. Part three : (technical ways) deals with ways used in emblazoning the furniture such as gilding, platting, sculpting , and ornamenting. Chapter three : ( manufacturing of earthly furniture) comprised of four parts; part one (wooden furniture) explained sitting and sleeping and carrying and keeping luggage furniture Part two : (stone and pottery furniture) tackled engraving the furniture and ways of making the furniture. Part three : (mineral and ivory furniture) tackled the ways and the use of the minerals in making the furniture and their types, how to engrave the ivory and making the furniture. Part four : (other materials) tackled the glass and Persian emblazonment and leather furniture and how to make the furniture out of those materials and their types. Chapter four : (Manufacturing of religious and funeral furniture) comprises of four parts, part one : (wooden furniture) we discussed the temples and graves furniture and the influence of the Egyptian beliefs on manufacturing them. Part two : (stone and pottery furniture) tackled the types and stones and pottery; part three (mineral furniture) tackled the minerals and the ways of making the furniture. Part four : (other materials) referred to other materials which the furniture is made of.The study is ended by a conclusion summarizing the most important results of the study throughout its four chapters in addition to appendixes which contain tables and shape, drawings related to the topic.

التقلبات السياسية في الشرق الادنى القديم للفترة 1200 - 911 ق.م == Political volatility in the ancient Near East for the period 1200 - 911 BC

اسم المؤلف: احمد مجيد راضي الشمري
اسم المشرف: حسين سيد نور جلال الاعرجي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The issue of political volatility in the Near East ancient period 1200 - 911 BC of important topics that shed light on the historical period very ambiguity and uncertainty among many researchers as the enemy of the strongest periods of the history of the ancient Near East mysterious and Illapeta and that the lack of sources and historical information that speak them, since the amount of information available about this period is very scarce almost makes it difficult to draw a clear picture of the Near East, the old area during the period of the twelfth century and X BC, because of what he suffered Near East old from fierce attack confused by the folks and political conditions New with different origins was not unfamiliar by the gravity of the ferocity led to the destruction and burning of many of the historical archives to darken the various political, cultural, economic and social aspects but despite the availability of the few existing information in our hands we had to go into the midst of research and bringing it to the required level . Required by the nature of the study Tksammha into three chapters and smoothing, as well as the introduction and conclusion of this, and supplements. Included the boot on the definition of the political status of the ancient Near East region for the period 1300 - 1200 BC, which included two sections dealt with the first part, the internal political situation of the ancient Near East. While the second topic addressed to the international status of the area in the ancient Near East.The first chapter has three sections dedicated the first of which included the concept of political twists and causes, while the second section devoted to the review of the centers of power in the ancient Near East, while the third on the impact of geographical factor. The second chapter dealt with the political volatility in the ancient Near East between (1200 - 911 BC), which consists of five sections, the first section was entitled (Mesopotamia) and the second section (Egypt Nile countries), while the title of the third section (the Levant Syrians) and ensures Section IV (Asia Minor), the demise of the Hittite empire while carrying the title of Section V (Elam) Elamites.The third and last chapter of the letter titled results of political instability in the ancient Near East for the period 1200 - 911 BC and included four topics. We discussed in the first section to the (political results) and in the second part, we dealt with (the results of civilization) has headlined the third section entitled (economic results) The fourth and last topic was about (social outcomes).We have adopted in this study on a large group of Arab and foreign sources, translated and untranslated including a book (the history of the ancient Near East) to Antoine Murtkat translation George Haddad and book the old Iraqi art of the author himself, translation Issa Salman and Salim Taha al - Tikriti to the content of these sources of valuable information, as well as book (the history of Syria's political 3000 - 300 BC) to Horst Klingl, translation Saifuddin Diab.The foreign sources was between a variety of books and research as the most important book of the ancient Near East, the ancient near east v, I to its owner (Amelie kuhrt) and book (Bastan Hnasa Eelam) to Danielle T. Bates, translation Zahra Basti, and the book (and the history of urbanization Eelam).

تاريخ اسبارطة السياسي 1100 - 404ق. م == Sparta's political history 1100 - 404 B.C

اسم المؤلف: خلود حبيب كريم الحسناوي
اسم المشرف: سعد عبود سمار
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: After studying the subject named (( The Political History of Sparta 1100 - 404 B.C )) is considered one of the most important subjects of the old Greece homeland History. Because of Sparta had a great political position and its influence on the Greek homeland.Historians emphasized on that Sparta was an ambiguous state in establishment and birth for these factors classic and modern views were different.As well Sparta had a great influence on the Bilsowinizian cities because it has a great military power and in the sixth Century it followed a policy of alliances instead of expanding policy which is followed in the eighth century before Christ.Sparta had a great role in defending Greece lands against Persia invasion . it stood for Ayonion cities by sending delegate to Korsh in the beginning of the Fifth century Sparta defended Greece homeland and led the Greek alliance in 481 B.C.It fought against Persia two bloody battles named Thermopylae in the year 480 B.C in which Sparta lost many heroes and the king Leanedas .As well the battle of Palatia in 479 B.C in which Sparta could kill the General Mardinos and Persia declined in Greece lands.After the end of Persian war in 478 B.C the war named (( cold war )) started that lasted for fifty years between Athena's and Sparta which ended in about 431 B.C with armed clash .This war lasted twenty - eight years Sparta won this battle in about 404 B.C and become the head of Greece .

اثر الالهة الاناث في معتقدات الحياة والموت بلاد الرافدين وبلاد النيل - انموذجا == The Impact of Goddess in the Beliefs of Life and Death in Mesopotamia and the Nile Countrie - a Model

اسم المؤلف: علي جبار عزيز الطائي
اسم المشرف: سعد عبود سمار
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Throughout human history, religion has always been a mirror of the evolution of human and space attracts all spiritual and intellectual activity; the reflections of human philosophy, ethical value and the perceptions metaphysical all are flowing into the religion and expresses itself through mediated beliefs and rituals, so we cannot understand ancient people if we neglect studying them. The first religious beliefs landmarks appeared in the ancient Near East, starting from the Neolithic period, which witnessed the first revolution in human life consisted of agricultural revolution coincided with the emergence of the first beliefs. Women made the first religious perception taken the form of a goddess portrayed with dolls made of clay, so the first idol was associated with fertility, it was paired with land, which is the mother the truth of the human person and of all cosmic manifestations of living; life came out of it and go back to it, for this the female was included the first human to represent beliefs and became foundation base that has become, later on, a source of subsequent beliefs. Society valued Female Goddess along times by literary texts which took the legendary character, as well as works of art from sculptures and pottery ... etc., which were not to put them in the first position, but her presence was an active and eventful beginning from worshiping them as goddess, that have the ability to create and innovate, besides its ability to give life and continuity, this has been the first global appearance and other manifestations sprung from it, and each manifestation of them had characteristics of the former, and took roles with the gods, so they were the first saying the formation of the universe and its organization on its own or along with males, as well as its contribution on earth. And thus goddess have taken a regular role and integrated to the creativity in the ancient people's beliefs.So the importance of the subject is that it is being taught in two important aspects of the ancient beliefs in life and death in the two civilizations : Mesopotamia and the Nile Countrie. This study included an introduction, a review and then four chapters, as well as the conclusions that the study has reached and of course the appendixes. Its review explained an overview of the stages of the importance of the female goddess and stages of decline, it was the early stages of the cult worshipping the female goddess which were the (mother goddess) that appeared in the Neolithic period; then refers to the stages of evolution of religious thought, in Mesopotamia and the Nile Countrie civilizations, in diagnosis of natural phenomena surrounding them, which gave the divinity characteristics. This created the gradual transformation from goddess towards gods. The ages shows the final proof that gods had the higher rank when the goddess had the lower one in deities. The first chapter , entitled ( The Contributions of the Goddess in the Creation ) The chapter sectioned into the three sections. The first one has been dedicated to the reference of the contribution of t Gods multiple females in the creation of the universe and then organized. The second section, talks its contribution in the creation of her sons (the gods) , who came with various forms. The third section is about its contribution to the creation of man in Mesopotamia and Nile Countrie.The second chapter entitled : (The Contribution of Goddess in Cognitive and Professional and Ethical Aspects), this chapter, shows the role of goddess in the professional aspects that were practiced by human whether male or female in society and its impact on goddess. This chapter with its four sections pointed first the educational side and the contribution of goddess in written forms, and the second topic pointed health aspect and the role of goddess who took the role of midwife, while the third topic talks about the role goddess on the battlefield and its role as a fighter, while the fourth section is about its contribution in the moral aspect, representing justice, particularly social justice.The third chapter , entitled : ( A Contradiction and Contrast in the Character of Goddess ), since gods resemble humans in everything except immortality, they carry within them emotions, behaviors and actions which are contradictory and sometimes antagonistic. This chapter included the first two sections under the title ( Between Wisdom and Recklessness), while the second section entitled ( Between Health and Disease ) .The fourth chapter is devoted to the study of ( The Role of Goddess in Death). This chapter has four. The first Sections, has pointed to the first phase of declaration of death to burying the body in cemetery. The second section talks about : The second phase, which begins from the grave to the underworld in Mesopotamia, until it goes to the court gods in Mesopotamia.The thirds section talks about : the third phase; refers to the underworld : its form and description as embodied in Mesopotamia and the divine court and its most important procedures in underworld Nile Country civilization.The fourth section included : a reference to the fourth stage and its contents after the divine court proceedings .

صيانة وترميم المظاهر العمارية في العراق القديم في ضوء المعطيات التاريخية == Maintenance and Renovation of ALimariya scenes in Old Iraq in The Light of Historical Facts

اسم المؤلف: احمد بشار جمعة
اسم المشرف: طالب منعم حبيب الشمري
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The old Ammaria appearances one of the Cultural Heritage landmarks that are proud of and cherish it represents the mirror that reflects the historical identity of the ancient civilization rooted for thousands of years, reflected the reality of the life of society carrying various types of difficulties he faced at the beginning of his career, but he stop the towering surpassing that founding oldest civilization in history.The subject of research highlights the maintenance and restoration of the old Ammaria appearances whether religious worship for the purposes of the houses of the holy gods or civilian, represented the city and Accessories, through processing and repair the damage that has been exposed; it that one of the problems faced by the old Iraqi society both in prehistoric times and historical eras devastation and destruction, which affects the appearance Amari for many reasons, including that of simply building constructed in accordance with the limited man who soon succumbed to the forces of the extraordinary nature of the rain and winds and high temperatures thought, that's taking that man looks for solutions, using the simplest means and mechanisms that were available in the surrounding environmental, over time, became friendly accumulation of expertise as a result of repeating this process for failing once again the success in building maintenance.From that came to choose this topic because it represents a historically important crossing of the ideas upon which the man ancient Iraqi civilization in the treatment and repair the damage that affects appearance Amari, reflecting the resilience against risks they faced from natural and human, also highlights research topic Aldua the most prominent achievements rulers and kings of civilization give this aspect a great deal of their time as a result because it represents the importance of relating to one of the most important aspects of life that has to be to make it appear the best, so we find them excelled in the field of maintenance and repair of the manifestations of religious and civil Ammaria.This study has necessitated the division of the thesis into five classes according to the methodology of scientific research and scientific material available. The first chapter titled maintenance and repair in three sections deal with the first part, the term maintenance and repair in the language Sumerian and Akkadian; it focused on addressing the word maintenance, restoration and words synonymous with the Sumerian, Akkadian, cameABSTRACT 2second section under the maintenance and repair title of the language and idiomatically touched it to the meaning of maintenance and restoration in the Arabic language dictionaries live as roads to the meaning idiomatically on according to the opinion of specialists in it. He said the third section to the emergence and development of the idea of maintenance and repair since the beginning of man's stability when the discovery of agriculture and access to the historical stages. He focused the second chapter on the subject of factors and causes of maintenance and repair and came in four sections included the first section, Nature factors including respect of the climate and the environment, nature and extent affected by the construction used in the construction and material, while touched second section to the religious motives as they have a psychological impact on the thought and belief of the community old Iraqi, and the third on the subject of the total of other reasons, including (social, military and political) ie all human motives which led to harm appearances Ammaria and also be used as an incentive to the feet of the maintenance and restoration of what has been destroyed. The fourth section focused on the rituals associated with the maintenance and restoration. The third chapter talking about the maintenance and restoration of the manifestations of religious architecture devoted any he touched to study all the achievements of the rulers and kings of ancient Iraq that relate to the maintenance and restoration of houses of the holy gods in three sections, the first under the maintenance and restoration of the temple title while pointed second section to the maintenance and restoration of the ziggurat, and touched the third section to the maintenance and restoration of the shrine. The fourth chapter came under the maintenance and restoration of the manifestations of civil architecture title focusing on the study of all aspects of civil Ammaria that belong to the palace and members of the community and ordinary, divided into four sections focused first section on the study of the maintenance and repair of houses, while the second section came to dealing with the maintenance and restoration of the cities, said third section to the maintenance and restoration of palaces while ensuring the fourth section maintenance and repair of fences and gates, have been marking fifth chapter titled maintenance materials and repairs and working groups in the two sections focused first section on maintenance and repair materials, while said second section to the workers in the maintenance and restoration. The conclusion of the letter came a set of conclusions reached by the researcher as far as the scientific article contained. Followed by pictures and extension forms and a list of sources in Arabic, English and references.

فكرة الشر في العراق القديم == The Idea of Evil in Ancient Iraq

اسم المؤلف: قصي جبار شناوه
اسم المشرف: حسين سيد نور جلال الاعرجي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This subject addresses the studying of evilness ideology from ancient Iraqi people point of view. As evilness had been played an important role in mankind's life, whereas accompanied him since his early existence hitherto, and it was attended with him in all his life's aspects trying to get him down, where it had been targeted his life and daily victual. So that ancient Iraqi had believed of the existence hidden powers which stand behind the hurt that he exposed while he couldn't understand it. Evilness's content might represented with the hurt that give a rise to mankind. It is stand against his happiness, so that we don't overused if we say that this phenomenon has been and it is still one of the most important ones which preoccupied the human mind in general and ancient Iraqi man in particular whence he had been founded in his hard environment fertile imagination to drawn features of such evils. Meanwhile evil was a driving force and a motivation to know about human and his development.The ideology study is a curiously matter specially when it concerns with people who had been preceded us thousands years, whereas the shortest way to reach their ideas is by studying their legends because these myths shows their impressions and views of what they were afraid of because it reflect their psychological conditions and fears inside of them. Our studying subject deals with the evil idea and how had ancient Iraqi looked to evil and its sources, it isn't our point of view, if it is so, the whole matter will be different. We have followed ancient Iraqi style to cast this subject through illustrate the evil idea, the way to face it and everything may tie up the human happiness, to caused him hurt or stand as a barrier in the course of his life, in the same time it deemed as a motivation to know the human and his progress as an essential engine to his ability to face life and prove his existence. The research contains three chapters preceded by an introduction composed of summery identification of this subject and preface identifying evil phenomena in ancient languages.First chapter composes of three sections the first one shows evil's positions among Gods, while the second section exhibits Gods evilness and their ability towards man. Meanwhile the third one has set forth human's evils.Second chapter contains of two sections. It comes under evilness's symbols, whereas first section deals with Demon's evilness and evil spirits whilst the second section subdivided into two parts, the first one talks about animals evilness and metaphysics creatures. while the second part the evilness of Dragons and monsters.The third chapter is one of the most important chapters in which, we shows the huge amount of the defense means which used by the human to protect himself of surrounded evils, in the sometime it give us an idea that the main concern in ancient Iraqi's man life was protecting himself of evilness, from this point come the chapter name which held the way of facing evilness incudes five sections, the first deals with necromancy while the second one shows the role of Gods and magic priests in facing evilness, and the third onepresents divination's role in encounter evil's powers before and after their incidence , at last we have devoted the fifth chapter which addressed as Gods and protecting spirits and its importance in facing evilness to end our research with a set of results that we have reach it.Whereas God and human have symbolized the main evil sources in the ancient Iraqi ideology and we can touch this through myths and royal texts and through laws, canons and proverbs which were the source to show evilness's idea in people point of view. The evilness ideology had been founded in divine family itself, it was the first who dealt with it through culture of revenge to seize power monopolize opinion, the creation of disputes, using illegal weapons and the attempt to destroy the universe. The ancient Iraqi had been seen his Gods as one of evil sources cause it had the tools and means which may use it to hurt human, Gods had been made evilness while human was unable toknow that form there were no ethical constants because of their wobbling behaviors which characterized by rapidly respond.Ancient Iraqi has looked at Gods Decisions as contradictory decisions form one hand they had create the man to serve them and from the other they try to destruct him without determine the evildoer, note that they had been exposed to evilness by their fathers Gods and they do the same with their sons. Iraqi ancient man had been depicted evilness through his myths and this accompanied with the way and methods that can encounter it. He had been used the same method which used by his Gods, from here the idea of worshiping demons had been created . it’s a Mesopotamian's ideology, and this what we touched by worshipping the God Nimtar or the worshipping of Bazozo the demon . through the use of amulets held the picture of demon to keep the evilness of other demon far or by presenting gifts and offerings to evil spirits to comfort them right up to regard evil spirits as Gods.Ancient Iraqi had been believed that demons and evil spirits could practice demonic possession operation by mating with human beings with sexual relationship produces offspring weather of man's mothers or fathers. This demon would not allowed any intervention in his own affairs. As addition Ancient Iraqi ideology had been assigned the idea of evil by intention and act regardless of its perpetrators. Moreover profession of conjuring had been practiced by Iraqi ancients, whereas they had had their own means and tools in necromancy and they had been masterful in this field. This operation emphases that Iraqi ancients had been interested in future knowing, and what evilness might be hidden to avoid it. As well asprobability of necromancy's failure come to confirm their believe in it cause they had been realized it is like any other activities may submit to success or failur