Author name: عبد الجبار فاضل علي حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تصميم وتحليل هوائيات المرنان العازل الاسطواني ذو تغذية الفتحة المقترنة == Design and Analysis of Aperture - Coupled Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antennas

Author name: اسماء حميد مجيد القيسي

Supervisor name: Abdulkareem S. Abdullah

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تحليل وتنفيذ الدوائر الفائقة الفوضوية اعتمادا على المصفوفات التناظرية المبرمجة حقليا == ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC CIRCUITS BASED ON FIELD PROGRAMMABLE ANALOG ARRAYS (FPAAs

Author name: فاضل رحمة طاهر

Supervisor name: Ramzy S. Ali

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

استخدام المتحكم الدقيق PIC 16F877A للسيطرة على سرعة عدد من محركات التيار المستمر == IC 16F877A MICROCONTROLLER BASED MULTIPLE DC MOTORS SPEED CONTROL

Author name: سرور مؤيد داود الصالح

Supervisor name: Rabee' H. Thejel

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

التفاضلية للمحولات الثلاثية الطور باستخدام تحويلة ربطة المويجة == DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION OF THREE PHASE TRANSFORMERS BASED ON WAVELET THEORY

Author name: وعد نوري طابور السعد

Supervisor name: Adel A. Obed |Majid A. Alwan

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

السيطرة المتزامنة على الموقع لمحركي ممانعة مغناطيسية خطيين == Synchronized Position Control of Dual-Linear Reluctance Motor Drive

Author name: خاد مهدي عبد الحسن

Supervisor name: Rabee'. H. Thejel | Haroutuon. A. Hairik

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تصميم وتنفيذ متابع شمسي لمنظومة قدرة فوتوفولتائية == DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SUN TRACKER FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEM

Author name: حيدر محمد داود

Supervisor name: جواد راضي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

التحكم الضبابي بمعالجات الروبوت المقيد == FUZZY CONTROL OF CONSTRAINED ROBOT MANIPULATOR

Author name: لؤي علي طالب

Supervisor name: تركي يونس عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

السيطرة المتكيفة باستخدام الشبكات العصبية والشبكات العصبية المضببة

Author name: غيث عبد المجيد سلمان

Supervisor name: تركي يونس عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Author name: حيدر خليل ابراهيم الطاهري

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تصميم وتطبيق النظام الالي لمراقبة الجودة == DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTION OF AUTOMATING QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM

Author name: فاروق تحسين طه

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Engineering

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Author name: مصطفى عباس فضل

Supervisor name: تركي كحیوش حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تحقيق دائرة المعدل الثابت للانذار الكاذب باستعمال منظومة البوابات المنطقية المبرمجة موقعيا == Modified GO - CFAR Implementaion Using FPGA

Author name: مصطفى صبحي كمال

Supervisor name: رفعت طالب حسين | حكمت نجم عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: هذه الاطروحة تتعلق بتحليل ومعالجة تاثير الضوضاء المحيطية (Clutter) لمنظومة الرادار النبضي، يتطلب رادار الكشف الالي للهدف استعمال عتبة الية (Adaptive threshold) لتحقيق معدل ثابت للانذار الكاذب وذلك لغرض السيطرة على الانذار الكاذب الذي تسببه تغيرات في الضوض | This thesis deals with the analysis and processing of clutter for pulsed radar system. Automatic target detection radar requires adaptive thresholding achieved by Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) circuit in order to control the false alarm caused by variations in clutter background.This work focus on worst radar environment that happens when abrupt variation in clutter background merged with multi - interfering target, to detect target in such environments it need robust CFAR algorithm that excise the target spikes and clutter edges from CFAR window in order to give best possible estimation to the noise background. two important algorithms studied which are CA - CFAR and OS - CFAR algorithms in additional to the modified CA - CFAR algorithm. All these algorithms were simulated with mat lab v6.1 and applied them to three different clutter models that represent different environment cases the CA - CFAR family failed to handle model two and three also OS - CFAR family except OSGO - CFAR that handle all models successfully. For modified CA - CFAR family only modified GO - CFAR handle all models successfully and comparing with OSGO - CFAR the modified GO - CFAR need less hardware and processing time because it did not need sorting process that is essential for OSGO - CFAR. Therefore, the modified GO - CFAR is chosen to implement by using FPGA and another important feature in modified GO - CFAR algorithm that is parallel processing since the spike selection process is done at the same time with summing of samples process that make this algorithm much less in processing time from any other algorithm that work in the same environment. The FPGA chip that used to implement modified GO - CFAR algorithm need only three signals from the radar receiver to mach with the receiver circuit correctly which are time base clock signal period reset trigger signal and the pulse duration time. Therefore, the FPGA chip can work effectively with almost any radar receiver system

مسيطر السرعة المثالي بالاعتماد على المتجه المسيطر لمسوق محرك التيار المستمر عديم الفرش == Optimal Speed Controller Based On Vector Controlled For A Brushless DC Motor Drive

Author name: مصطفى بشار عبد الملك

Supervisor name: تركي كحيوش حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: اصبحت محركات التيار المستمر عديمة الفرش شائعة جدا في الكثير من المجالات مثل في الصناعة والتطبيقات المنزلية؛ وذلك يعود الى مميزاتها العديدة على محركات التيار المستمر ذوات الفرش والمحركات الحثية؛ مثل كفائتها العالية, كثافة قدرتها العالية وحجمها الصغيرنسب | Brushless DC (BLDC) motors have become very popular in various fields such as in industry or home appliances; and that is due to their many advantages over the brushed DC motors and the induction motors such as their higher efficiency, high power density and respectively low volume. The traditional and most popular way to drive BLDC motor is by using six - step or trapezoidal technique. This technique however has several problems such as high torque ripple and high distortion in the currents. This thesis presents a BLDC motor drive system where the performance of the motor is improved on various aspects. The first aspect is to improve the speed response by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to find the optimal parameters of the speed controller. The second aspect is to reduce the torque ripple associated with the traditional driving technique and also improve the dynamic response of the motor by using vector or field - oriented control to drive the motor. The third aspect is improving the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the voltages and currents by using multilevel inverter. The last aspect is driving the motor in sensorless operation for reduced cost and for applications where speed and position sensors cannot be used; this operation uses a flux - linkage observer with a phase - locked loop (PLL) structure to estimate the position and speed of the rotor. The control methods are modeled using MATLAB/Simulink program and the results show that the proposed systems has significant improvement in performance as compared with the traditional technique in terms of speed response, torque ripple and THD of the voltages and currents

التاثيرات الكهربائية والبصرية لتشويب اغشية اوكسيد الخارصين (ZnO) المكونة لمتحسس الاشعة فوق البنفسجية بالفضة == Electrical And Optical Effects Of Ag Doped ZnO Thin Film Based MSM UV Photodetectors

Author name: محمد وسام ناجي

Supervisor name: منير عبود هاشم | غصون محسن علي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: يستخدم اوكسيد الخارصين (ZnO) لكشف الاشعة فوق البنفسجية وذلك لكبر فجوة الطاقة وكبر طاقة اثارة الربط لهذا الشبه موصل. اوكسيد الخارصين كذلك يمتلك سرعة اشباع عالية وفولتية انهيار عالية. في هذا العمل تم تصنيع متحسس اشعة فوق بنفسجية نوع (معدن - شبه موصل - معدن) با | Zinc Oxide (ZnO) has been commonly used for ultraviolet detection due to large band gap and excition binding energy. ZnO has high breakdown electrical field, also has a much larger saturation velocity. In this work three ultraviolet Metal Semiconductor Metal (MSM) photodetectors were fabricated, based on ZnO and Silver (Ag) doped Zinc Oxide (SZO) with (2% and 4 % doping ratios) thin films. The technique used to prepare the thin films was sol - gel and spin coating technique by using Si (100) p - type. Silver interdigitated (IDT) electrodes were deposited on the films by a vacuum coating deposition technique to form the three devices.The electrical properties for the fabricated photodetectors (PDs) were studied using Semiconductor Characterization System (SCS) at room temperature ( 27 C^o). The applied voltage was in the range of ( - 5 to 5) V.The SEM images showed a non - uniform distribution of the Ag dopants, these dopants formed clusters and these clusters increased as the amount of Ag dopants increased. The mobility, carrier concentration, and roughness for the SZO films increased when compared to undoped film. The optical bandgap and the transmittance are decreased when the doping ratio is increased. The saturation current (I - S) was decreased by a factor of 4, and 12 for the devices based on Ag doped ZnO (with 2% and 4 % doping ratios) thin films, respectively. The sensitivity was significantly increased with increasing the doping ratio. This enhancement attributed to the roughness of the Ag dopants (clusters). The detectivity was increased for the devices based on SZO films. The high detectivity with low saturation current made the devices based on SZO films suitable for optoelectronic applications and integrated circuits. From the experimental data and analysis, it was found that the PD with ZnO : Ag 4 % doping ratio has higher responsivity and gain of 0.523 A/W and 257 , respectively. This is confirmed by thin film and device characterization which makes this PD suitable for UV detection purposes.

النمذجة التحليلة لاداء الثنائي الضوئي p - i - n == Analytical Modeling Of A P - I - N Photodiode Performance

Author name: محمد شهاب احمد

Supervisor name: منیر عبود ھاشم

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تصميم وتنفيذ معالج باستخدام TM - CFAR مصفوفة البوابات المبرمجة FPGA == Design And Implementation Of TM - CFAR Processor Using Field Programmable Gate Array

Author name: علي هادي عبد الواحد

Supervisor name: وليد خالد عبد علي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Author name: صلاح حسن عباس

Supervisor name: اسماعيل محمد جابر

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تصميم وتحليل هوائيات مغيرة الرقعة للتطبيقات ذات الحزمة العريضة == Design And Analysis Of Slotted Patch Antenna For Wideband Applications

Author name: سيف ناظم غالب الساعدي

Supervisor name: رعد حمدان ظاهر

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: The main objective of this work is to design, fabricate and test irregular, diamond wideband microstrip patch antenna which satisfy UWB. A series of parametric study is conducted to show how the characteristics of the antenna depend on the various geometrical and other parameters. These geometrical parameters of the antenna include the dimensions of the patch, feeder and ground plane. Slots are inserted different shapes and sizes in antennas to show which give different bandwidth. The first designed antenna has regular pentagonal patch and 50? microstrip line on one side of dielectric substrate and partial ground plane with square slot on other side. This antenna gives dual bandwidth 2.73 - 7.5 GHz and 8.7 - 20 GHz. This antenna is modified by changing the patch from regular to irregular pentagonal patch with the same area and fixe the other parameter of the antenna. Therefore, the antenna is improved in term of bandwidth and gain, which gives bandwidth of 2.74 - 20 GHz. Many slots with the different shape and size are added to the irregular pentagonal patch to modify this antenna, which makes this antenna have bandwidth of 2.6 - 20 GHz which is suitable for the application that operating in this band. The second design consists of diamond patch and microstrip feed line on one side of dielectric substrate and partial ground plane has square slot on the other side. This antenna is modified by adding three slots in the patch which modifies the gain, so this gives bandwidth of 2.3 - 18.5 GHz. The third design consists of irregular pentagonal patch that is fed by 50? Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) and 4 - step stair added to ground plane is printed on one side of dielectric substrate and c - shape independent piece on other side. This antenna gives bandwidth of 1.48 - 14.2 GHz which is suitable for the applications that operating in this bandwidth. The fourth antenna consist of diamond patch that fed by 50? Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) and 4 - step stair added to ground plane is printed on one side of dielectric substrate and independent piece on other side. This antenna is suitable for the applications which is operate in band of 1.35 - 16 GHz. The design and simulation of the antenna is carried out using CST microwave Studio simulation software.

محول خفض الفولتية المستمرة باستخدام المكثف المفتاحي == Switched - Capacitor Based Step - Down DC - DC Converter

Author name: سؤدد زاحم حسين

Supervisor name: تركي كحيوش حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: المحـــــــــــول الخافـــــــــض للــــــــــــفولتيـــــــــة المستمرة ذو المكثف المفـــــــتاحــــــــي (Switched Capacitor DC - DC Converter ) يمكن ان يستعمل للتحويل الكفوء للطاقة حيث نجد انه عندما لا تستعمل المحاثات في دوائر التحويل يؤدي الى خفض حجم | Switched - capacitor (SC) - based step - down DC - DC converter can be used for efficient power conversion when inductors are not used in order to reduce size and cost. In addition, switched - capacitor DC - DC converters are superior to inductor - based converters for high - conversion ratio and wide range of load variation. In this thesis , a multistage current - controlled switched - capacitor step - down DC - DC converter is analyzed , designed and simulated. The converter features are of good regulation capability and continuous input current waveform when two step - down converter cells are connected in parallel and operate in antiphase. Classical SC converter with pulse width modulation technique is also analyzed, designed , simulated. For the PWM converter and current - controlled converter , third - order state - space averaging technique is used for analysis. A fuzzy logic controller is used with the current - controlled converter to obtain fast dynamic response, low ripple in the output voltage and robustness against load and supply variations. A 70W ,48/12V and 12.5W 48/5V converters are designed and simulated ( Matlab/Simulink is used for simulation). The simulation results are obtained and compared for the above converters with different control techniques (PWM ,current control with PI controller and current control with fuzzy controller). The results for current - controlled converters with fuzzy controller show higher efficiency , lower ripples in the output voltage ,fast transient response, good disturbance rejection and very small steady state error of output voltage. In this thesis the value of the output ripple must less than 0.05 V and the efficiency should be more than 75 % for current control mode

نظام الاخفاء الصوري المعتمد على تحويل المويجة والاشارات الفوضوية

Author name: سرى فهمي يوسف

Supervisor name: حكمت نجم عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

ترميز القناة المرتكز على الاشارات الفوضوية == Chaos Based Channel Coding

Author name: سراب كمال محمود

Supervisor name: حكمت نجم عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

خوارزمية فعالة للسيطرة على التردد اثناء تغيير الحمل في منظومة القدرة == An Effective Algorithm Of Load Frequency Control In Power System

Author name: ساره عباس حسين

Supervisor name: قاسم عبد الرزاق الانباري | عباس حسين مري

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: في السنوات السابقة، زادت اهمية تحسين النظام الكهربائي. وان ثبوت التردد هو واحدة من الاشياء التي اثرت في خصائص النظام الكهربائي هي ثبوتية التردد. ولهذه الغاية، وحدة التوليد ملحقة بمسيطر اوتوماتيكي على التردد اثناء تغيير الحمل (LFC) لتنظيم القدرة الفعالة | In recent years, the importance of improving electrical power has been increased. One of the things influenced the characteristic of electrical power is the constancy of frequency. To this end, the generator unit is equipped with an automatic load frequency control (LFC) to adjust the active power produced and restore the frequency and tie line power exchange to their nominal value.The total model of a hybrid power system has a high dimension. The classical design tools are inadequate to cope with all dynamic features. Artificial intelligence techniques are found to be a promising tool to optimally minimize the transient dynamics and control efforts in a load frequency control. This thesis shows the execution of various Artificial Intelligence techniques on the tuning of PID controller in a load frequency control system to compute the PID controller. The techniques of genetic algorithm technique GA, particle swarm optimization PSO and artificial bee colony ABC were applied on four areas, six tie lines power system. The dynamic model was formulated in state variables form. A comparison between these techniques with different performance indices was presented. Results of the test system 1 and 2 were computed and compared. They showed that in test system 2 the load frequency controller can chase the load fluctuation in a short time. The IAE performance index gives an optimum dynamic performance using ABC. From the outcomes, they show that the test system 2 outputs regarding settling time and maximum overshoot were the best performances.

Author name: ايمان احمد فرحان

Supervisor name: رعد حمدان ظاهر | محمود فرحان مصلح

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

الدالة الغامضة للاشارة الرادارية المرمزة == Ambiguity Function Of Radar Coded Signals

Author name: اياد عطيه عبد الكافي الجبوري

Supervisor name: نزار خليل وفي | وليد خالد

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: تم دراسة انواع متعددة من تر ميزات الاشارة الرادارية حيث تم التركيز في هذه الدراسة على خواص الارتباط والغموض للتر ميزات. كذلك تم التركيز على تاثير دوبلر على تلك الخواص. تم دراسة تاثير الخطا الطوري والتعيير(Weighting) على خواص تلك الترميزات. الدراسة ال | Various types of coded radar signal are studied in this study in terms of their ambiguity and correlation properties. Doppler effect on the ambiguity and the correlation functions of these codes is studied. The effect of phase error and weighting are presented.The study related to Doppler effect covers the frequency, binary and polyphase codes in terms of the peak signal to sidelobes ratio (PSR).Linear FM, nonlinear FM, binary and polyphase codes with various windows, are dealt with respect to the sidelobes response. The simulator built using Matlab version 6. The simulation consists of a code generator; modulator; white noise adder; received signal with time and frequency shifted; matching filtering; a module to find the Doppler effect on the autocorrealtion function and a module to find the peak signal to sidelobes ratio (PSR). It is found that the m - sequences are the best binary codes in terms of PSR and the P4 code is the best Polyphase code in terms of PSR. Also, it is found that the P4 code provides better Doppler tolerant than the other codes. The m - sequences are very sensitive to Doppler shifts. Concerning the frequency codes : it is found that the nonlinear FM is more sensitive than the linear FM i.e., linear FM is Doppler tolerant while the nonlinear is not. Finally, it is found that the use of time weighting produces a response with extremely low sidelobes

تصميم ومحاكاة نظام اتصالات امن يرتكز على النظام الفوضوي عبر قناة كاوس الضوضائية == Design And Simulation Of Secure Communication System Based On Chaos Over AWGN Channel

Author name: امير كاظم جواد

Supervisor name: حكمت نجم عبد الله | سعد سفاح حسون

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: مع زيادة التطور الكبير الذي يحصل في علم الاتصالات ومع وجود قناة عامة (public channel) تنتقل من خلالها المعلومات زادت المشاكل التي تخص القناة وبالخصوص مشكلتين رئيسيتين هما انتهاك الخصوصية ووجود الضوضاء. بخصوص امنية الاتصال : بما ان القناة عامة وبامكان اي م | With the significant development in communication systems especially with the public channel through which information travels, there are increasing in the channels problems. Among these problems, the two important should be addressed are the information security and the noise. In this thesis, an efficient communication system with high security and high immunity against noise has been proposed. From security perspective, the proposed scheme uses two levels of encryption based on chaotic systems. The first level is chaotic scrambling, while the second level is chaotic masking. Two levels of chaos based encryption make information very secure during their transition in the channel because the key space becomes too large. The simulation results show that the Segmental Spectral Signal to Noise Ratio (SSSNR) of the first level (chaotic scrambling) is reduced by - 5.195 dB in comparison with time domain scrambling. In the second level (chaotic masking), the SSSNR is reduced by - 20.679 dB. It is also show that when the two levels are combined, the overall reduction obtained is - 21.755 dB.Concerning the immunity against noise, the proposed system offers three methods to reduce the effect of noise. The first method is based on sending each scrambled sample more than once. The simulation results showed that gain of this method is 10 dB if we send each voice sample 8 times over the classical method without repetition. The second method relies on the conversion of information from analog to digital format before doing the masking. The simulation results of this method show that the mean square error (MSE) is reduced and this reduction increases as signal to noise ratio (SNR) increase. For instance when SNR=10 dB, the MSE is reduced from ?10?^( - 1) to 2*?10?^( - 2) while it reduced from ?10?^( - 2) to 3*?10?^( - 6) when SNR=22 dB. The third method is increasing the power of the information signal relative to chaotic signal. The simulation results show that when the power is duplicated and at SNR = 24 dB, the MSE is reduced from 3*?10?^( - 3) to 0.5*?10?^( - 4) and to 3*?10?^( - 5) when the signal power is tripled.

تصنيع وتوصيف متحسس اشعة فوق البنفسجية باستخدام اغشية اوكسيد الخارصين الرقيقة == Fabrication And Characterization Of ZnO Thin Film Based Uv Photodetectors

Author name: الاء كريم حسن

Supervisor name: رعد حمدان ظاهر | غصون محسن علي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: في السنوات الاخيرة، كان هناك اهتمام متزايد في اشباه موصلات اوكسيد الخارصين للتطبيقات الضوئية ضمن منطقة الاطوال الموجية الفوق البنفسجية وذلك لكون طاقة اثارة الربط كبيرة (60 meV) وطاقة الفجوة الواسعة (3.37 eV) في درجة حرارة الغرفة. في هذا العمل, ثلاث متحسس | In recent years, there has been increasing interest in Zinc Oxide (ZnO) semiconductors for optoelectronic applications in the Ultraviolet (UV) region due to its large exciton binding energy (60 meV) and wide bandgap energy (3.37 eV). In this work, three devices of Metal Semiconductor Metal (MSM) UV photodetectors (PDs) and photoconductors (PCDs) based on ZnO were fabricated in the form of Interdigitated (IDT) MSM structures. The ZnO thin films were prepared by sol - gel spin coating technique, and deposited on a P - type Si and glass substrates. The Nickel (Ni) and Aluminum (Al) contacts were deposited by a vacuum coating deposition technique. The morphological, structural and electrical properties of the ZnO thin films were estimated by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X - Ray diffraction (XRD), four - point probe and Hall effect measurements. Optical bandgap of ZnO film was evaluated using a double beam spectrophotometer. With applied voltage in the range ( - 5 to 5 V), the photocurrent, contrast ratio, gain, responsivity, detectivity, and Noise Equivalent Power (NEP) were estimated. The Photodetectors were illuminated with UV of 254 nm at room temperature (27 °C) and under different levels of optical power ranging between (163.2 ?w ? 172.3?w). Current Voltage (I - V) characteristics were studied and the values of the saturation current (I - s), ideality factor (n), barrier height (? - B), reach - through voltage (VRT) and flat - band voltage (VFB) were extracted under dark condition. Data analysis and curves were plotted using origin software (graphing and data analysis). The AFM and SEM images clearly demonstrate the formation of well - aligned ZnO, with smooth nanometer granular structure, dense and a good morphology. The grain size and average roughness (rms) values were found to be (59 nm, 12 nm) on Si substrate and (31 nm, 2 nm) on glass substrate, respectively.For Ni/ZnO/Ni MSM PD on Si substrate, the device has VRT of (0.56 V) and VFB of (1.5 V). The responsivity and detectivity were estimated to be (1.334 A/W and 3×1011cmHz 1/2 W - 1), respectively. I - s was found to be (8.3×10 - 7 A), n (4.4) and ? - B (0.67 eV). However for Al/ZnO/Al MSM PCDs on Si and on glass substrates, the responsivity and detectivity were (0.45 A/W and 1.2×1011 cmHz 1/2W1) and (0.94 A/W and 2.9×1011 cmHz 1/2 W - 1), respectively.The I - V measurement results obtained indicate that, the Ni/ZnO/Ni MSM PD on Si substrate behaves as a typical Schottky contact and the dominant current transport mechanism is field thermionic emission. However semi linear behavior for Al/ZnO/Al PCD on Si substrate and the current flowing through the junction was following thermionic emission mechanism, while a symmetric I - V behaviors and an excellent linear relationship between the current and applied voltage are observed in both direction for Al/ZnO/Al MSM PCD on glass substrate. The estimated responsivities, detectivities with fairly low dark currents make the diodes attractive for practical UV detector applications

تحسين اداء هوائي فيفالدي باستخدام المواد ما بعد المادية == Vivaldi Antenna Performance Enhancement Based On Metamaterials

Author name: ادهم ربيع عزيز

Supervisor name: زيد اسعد عبد الحسين | طه احمد عليوي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: يتطرق البحث الى المتطلبات الاساسية في الانظمه اللاسلكيه الحديثة والضوابط المتوافقة مع امكانية اعادة التشكيل وقابلية التحديث مما ادى الى ان يصب مجال الدارسة في تحقيق تصميم هوائي يمكن له استيعاب ذلك. في هذه الدراسة، صمم هوائي مطوي على اساس هيكل فيفالدي مع | The urgent demands for a miniaturized, compatible, reconfigurable, updatable, and additive - able wireless communication systems for advanced handle held and portable electronics devices are rarely relaxed due to the inherent antenna limitations. In this study, developing a folded microstrip antenna based on a novel antipodal Vivaldi structure based metamaterial inclusions of single negative properties is proposed for wideband applications. Although, Vivaldi antennas show unlimited bandwidth, an acceptable directivity, small size, light weight and easy to fabricate, but, it suffers from low gain due to traveling surface waves effects and therefore, it cannot be embedded inside the integrated systems ,where, the radiation direction is in the end - fire that limits their use to the outdoor applications. Therefore, a remarkable attention was the first in the literature, is proposed in this thesis by introducing single negative metamaterials to the folded antipodal Vivaldi antenna structure. This work is developed based on a systematic approach which can be divided mainly into four parts : First of all, design a single negative metamaterial structure of a surface area 5×5 mm2 on an FR4 - Epoxy substrate. The unit cell properties are evaluated numerically and analytically, then, compared to the measurement. Second, a systematic approach is applied to design an antipodal Vivaldi antenna based flat profile of a corrugated shape with 50×38 mm2 on the FR4 - Epoxy substrate. Third, the best arrive of the flat geometry is folded on a hello Teflon substrate of an elliptical cross - sectional area. Fourth, the folded antenna structure is surrounded by a U - shaped single negative metamaterial array. The performance of the all proposed antennas are evaluated numerically, then, compared to their measurements in both S11 and radiation patterns. It is found that the antenna bandwidth has affected insignificantly by applying the metamaterial structures. However, with respect to the flat antenna model, the gain is increased generally by 6 dB as well as the radiation pattern is oriented to the broadside. It is worth to mention that the achieved enhancement in the gain is mostly attributed to the folded substrate and the metamaterial introduction. While, the bandwidth enhancement is mostly obtained from the folded antenna structure. The optimum structure shows a first mode around 1.4 GHz and the second one at 2.86 GHz, while, the flat antenna only one mode at 1.5 GHz is appeared.Finally, the HFSS, CST MWS, Matlab and ADS software packages are used in this thesis to study the unit cell performance and the antenna structure. Excellent agreements have been found between the simulated and measured results.

منظومات تضمين العامل المتغير الفوضوي == Chaos Parameter Modulation Schemes

Author name: ابراهيم فهمي علي

Supervisor name: حكمت نجم عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: في هذه الدراسة, تم تصميم منظومتين من CPM وتم تقييم ادائهما في مختلف قنوات الاتصال. اولا, تم اقتراح تقنية فعالة لتخمين القيمة الابتدائية للاشارة الفوضوية في منظومة تضمين القيمة الابتدائية المسماة M - ary ICM. هذه التقنية سميت ب MACE. هذه التقنية قللت من تع | In this study, two Chaotic Parameter Modulation(CPM) schemes are designed and their performance in different communication channels has been evaluated. Firstly, an efficient technique for initial condition estimation of chaotic signal in M - ary Initial Condition Modulation (ICM) scheme is proposed. This technique has been called Maximum Auto Correlation Estimation (MACE). It reduces the complexity of the demodulator; thereby, it minimizes the hardware implementation cost. Simulation results confirm that, the proposed technique outperforms the conventional technique used in direct sequence spread spectrum quadrature amplitude modulation (DSSS - QAM) system in AWGN channel when high modulation level (M) is used. At BER=10 - 3, 16, 256 ary DSSS - QAM achieve gains in Eb/N0 of about 7dB and 0.8dB in comparison with 16, 256 - ary ICM respectively because the modulation level is low. While 1024, 4096 and 16384 - ary ICM achieve gains in Eb/N0 of about 6dB, 10dB and16.5dB in comparison with 1024, 4096 and 16384 ary DSSS - QAM respectively because the modulation level is high. Furthermore, a modified version of ICM that uses BPSK modulation and one chaotic signals source together with MACE technique is proposed to reduce the implementation cost named as BPSK - ICM scheme. Simulation results confirm that, BPSK - ICM has a comparable BER performance to the DS - SS system in AWGN channel.Secondly, the bifurcation parameter of a chaotic signal has been estimated accurately by utilizing the ergodic properties of a chaotic dynamical signal. In BPSK ergodic chaotic parameter modulation (BPSK - ECPM) scheme, the information signal modulates the bifurcating parameter of the chaotic signal. A mean value estimation technique is used at the receiver to retrieve the original information accurately. This method minimizes the computational complexity of the receiver; thereby, reduces the total implementation cost.Simulation results show that, at BER=10 - 3, BPSK - ECPM scheme achieves gains in Eb/N0 of about 1dB, 1.5dB, 5.2dB, 6.5dB, 9dB, 10 dB and 11 dB, as compared with CSS, CC,FM - DCSK, DCSK,CSK,COOK and QCSK schemes respectively in AWGN channel. While in Rayleigh fading channel, at BER=10 - 3, BPSK - ECPM achieve gains in Eb/N0 of about 4.8dB, 5.8dB, 6.5dB and 11.8dB, as compared with FM - DCSK,CSS,CC and DCSK schemes respectively. Furthermore, BPSK - ECPM scheme outperforms conventional chaotic modulation systems in the presence of synchronization error and high data rate problems. Finally, BPSK - ECPM scheme shows a good recovery performance of image signal in multipath fading channel for intelligent transportation system (ITS).

تصميم وتنفيذ منظومة تعقب شمسي مستقلة معتمدة على نظام تحديد المواقع العالمي == Design And Implementation of A GPS Based Stand - Alone Solar Tracking System

Author name: احمد جبار عبد

Supervisor name: Fawzi M. Al | Naima

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah

Language: English

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: In a step to overcome the limitations of sensor based solar tracking system, a design tracking strategy, is presented in this thesis which is based on astronomical equations. This strategy takes two important factors into consideration. The first is finding the more accurate equations and figure out the ability of implementing such system which can deal with these complicated equations that are based mainly on trigonometric functions. The second is how to design and build a reliable, uninterrupted, accurate and global system that is able to calculate the local time, date and location in terms of longitude and latitude.This thesis aims to design and implement practically a global dual axis solar tracker that can process the data with high efficiency, able to solve these complicated equations, gather the required data from the GPS card, then save, and manage them inaccurate with tracking efficiency up to 99.33%, increases the power production by over 40%, reduce the drive power requirement 31%, reliable and uninterrupted with real time controller.The system also presents a design for a hybrid network for a solar tracking farm consisting of N - solar tracking systems. A main control unit is presented to manage all the trackers to the sun location in multi - tracking mode, diagnosis all the trackers for any faults and give complete information about the produced power from each of the solar tracking system. A new network protocol is designed to deal with the error control, congestion control and flow control for data transmission in the network.A complete solution for power - line communication modem has been proposed based on existing power line characteristics. This modem has advantages of simplicity, cost effectiveness and using new strategy to control the out of reach devices without increasing the transmitting power or changing the circuit specifications. The proposed design offers a simple solution to control the solar trackers in a vast solar farm, enabling to monitor the supplied power by each single tracker in the field and having the ability of fault diagnosis.

تحسين التمييز للشبكات العصبية المنعدمة الاوزان == Recognition Enhancement of Weightless Neural Network

Author name: عمار علي مصطفى

Supervisor name: محمود حمزة المفرجي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Technology - Electrical Engineering Department - Electrical Engineering Branch

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تحسين الفولتية وتقليل خسائر منظومة الشبكة العراقية باستخدام افضل جهاز FACTs == Improvement of Voltage Profile And Reduce Iraqi Grid System Losses By Using Optimal FACTs Device

Author name: سيف اسعد عبد الحسين

Supervisor name: رشيد حميد الربيعي | انعام ابراهيم علي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Technology - Electrical Engineering Department - Electrical Engineering Branch

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: الغرض من هذا العمل هو تحسين الجهد والتقليل من خسائرالقدرة للشبكة العراقية ( 400kV ) عن طريق تركيب اجهزة ( FACTs ) في مواقع مختلفة تحت حالة خطا ومقارنة النتائج مع تلك دون وجود (FACTs) تحت نفس الظروف.تم تحديد الموقع الامثل للـ(FACTs) على اساس الخوارزميات | The aim of this work is to improve the voltage profile and reduces power losses of Iraqi (400kV) power grid system by installing Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System devices (FACTs).The optimal location of the FACTs device was specified based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization method and power system analysis toolbox ( PSAT) package, it was utilized to search for optimum FACT parameters setting and location based objective function that depends on the power and voltage as fitness.MATLAB (R2011a) was used for running both GA program and Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) version 2.1.6, Newton Raphson method also used for solving the load flow of the system and the Trapezoidal method for the non - linear differential equations.Two systems have been implemented in this work as follows; • IEEE - machine 9 - bus system.• INSGS 11 - machine 24 - bus, 39(400kV) overhead transmission line.The GA program is implemented on IEEE 9 - bus system, then after getting the appropriate results the same procedure repeated for the Iraqi grid system which is more complicated, its used to find the optimal location of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). The results obtained from GA have been compared with PSAT and showed that the installation of (UPFC) devices at the optimal locations of the Iraqi grid gives an improvement in the power losses and voltage after subjected to the three phase fault to ground at different locations and different cases (temporary fault, permanent fault).

نموذج مقترح للتعامل مع فشل العقدة في شبكة الاستشعار اللاسلكية == Proposed Model To Handle Node Failure In Wireless Sensor Network

Author name: مصطفى خالد مزعل

Supervisor name: ضياء جاسم كاظم

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) contains many low cost and low power sensor nodes (SNs), these nodes may fail to communicate with each other according to some reasons such as battery lifetime, uncontrolled events or any surrounding environment actions which will lead to partition the network and reduce the Quality of Service (QoS) as well as the reliability and efficiency of the whole network. The motivation of this work was detecting these malfunctions using three approaches considered with two proposed network models : random distributed SNs and real model.Firstly, localization approach in WSN are discussed and verified using four classic localization methods to detect any failed SN, which are : Distance Vector (DV - Hop), Angle of Arrival (AoA), Time of Arrival (ToA) and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). These methods are analyzed and implemented for three different areas, each with three different numbers of SNs. All of them are implemented using MATLAB programming language. Secondly a known fault detection method called Distributed Fault Detection (DFD) discussed and implemented using MATLAB also, and a new method developed from this method named (MDFD) to overcome the disadvantages of DFD method. Finally the feature of the connectivity of the SNs themselves within the network is exploited by using two Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol standards : Sleep Medium Access Control (SMAC) and Tune Medium Access Control (TMAC) protocols, then proposed a modified MAC protocol (MMAC) to enhance the most affecting factors of these two MAC standards such as energy consumption and latency. The performance analysis of these three MAC protocols is verified and simulated using a real model for Iraq, Baghdad, Al - Kadhumyah City, by Castalia 3.2 simulator also designed and implemented these three protocols using an iOS application by the XCode program for general application sensors especially for explosives detection sensors, Fido® X3 sensor proposed forthis application. Simulation results showed that the localization methods proved their ability to localize the failed SNs, but with impractical errors (about 23%) in results than the other approaches, and additional load effect on the network due to execute the localization programs separately before each node failure detection. The DFD approach applied with homogeneous WSNs only that contain only one type of sensors, its errors (starting from 25% for three SNs) was due to its algorithm limitations in using only half of the neighbor SNs, reduced in MDFD method algorithm in which all neighbor SNs considered to detect the failed SN reaching full detection accuracy but with latency tradeoff. The MAC approach is better than localization approach because there is no need to additional hardware for node failure detection; it is also better than DFD approach because it was applicable with both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous WSNs. The three MAC protocols succeeded to detect the failed SNs, but SMAC and TMAC had their tradeoff in energy consumption and latency, when SMAC had less energy consumption (69.62% than TMAC), while TMAC had less latency (27.58% than SMAC). MMAC is combining the advantages of both SMAC and TMAC that had a less energy consumption than that in SMAC by 54.16% and smaller latency than that in TMAC by 76.19% within a range of division index m : between 1 to 5.