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المراقبة الصحية في الوقت الحقيقي بالاعتماد على نظام القفز الترددي للطيف المنتشر الارسال والاستلام

Author name: حمزة صبر غايب السلطاني

Supervisor name: سمير جاسم محمد

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

السيطرة على حركه ذراع روبوت بالاعتماد على الشبكات العصبية الكميه

Author name: زينب عبد الله حسون

Supervisor name: حيدر مهدي عبد الرضا

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تصميم نظام توفير الطاقة اللاسلكي لاجهزة الاستشعار البيولوجية المزروعة في جسم الانسان == Design of wireless biotelemetry powering system for implanted sensing devices in human body

Author name: زهراء هاشم كريم

Supervisor name: عبد الكريم مخيف عبيس

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تقنية جديدة لخطية مكبر اشارة من نوع القدرة لترددات راديوية باعتماد التوجيه الامامي المضاعف == Novel Technique for Linearization of Radio frequency Power amplifier Based on Double Feed - Forward

Author name: زينب مصطفى حسين

Supervisor name: عبد الكريم مخيف عبيس

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تصميم متحسس مايكرو كهروميكانيكي لقياسات خصائص كرية الدم الحمراء == Design of a Micro - Electro - Mechanical Sensor for Red Blood Cell Characteristics Measurements

Author name: محمد عباس الربيعي

Supervisor name: قيس كريم الكيم

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تصميم متحسس مايكروويف باستخدام برنامج محاكاة التصاميم عالية التردد == Design and Simulation of Resonant Microwave Sensor Using HFSS

Author name: محمد زاحم حسن لهيمص

Supervisor name: سعد طالب حسون | فاضل علوان الحلي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

محاكاة انظمة الاتصالات اللاسلكية الضوئية لمقسم الطول الموجي الكثيف ذو 16 - قناة == Simulation of 16 - Channel DWDM - FSO Communication System

Author name: حيدر علي حسون

Supervisor name: ابراهيم عبد الله مرداس

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تصميم وتنفيذ قناة المتكيفة لنظام الاتصالات المتنقلة باستخدام مصفوفة البوابات المنطقية المبرمجة == Design and Implementation of Adaptive Channel for M - ary Mobile Communication System Using FPGA

Author name: وسن سمير رشيد

Supervisor name: هادي طارش زبون

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronic Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Technology - Electrical Engineering Department - Electronic Engineering Branch

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تصميم و تصنيع هوائي شقي من النوع الجزئي لتطبيقات الاتصالات اللاسلكيه ثنائية النطاق الترددي == Design and Fabrication of Printed Fractal Slot Antennas for Dual - band Communication Applications

Author name: سيفان فهمي عبد الكريم

Supervisor name: جواد كاظم علي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Technology - Electrical Engineering Department - Electronic Engineering Branch

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

دراسة وتحليل الاظمحلال في قناة النظام الخلوي GSM == A study and analysis of fading in GSM mobile channel

Author name: علاء عدنان سليم

Supervisor name: عايد خلف السامرائي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Technology - Electrical Engineering Department - Electronic Engineering Branch

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

اتمتة المنزل مبنية على اساس نظام الاندرويد باستخدام الشبكة العصبية الصناعية مع اشعار GSM == Home Automation Based on Android System Using Artificial Neural Network with GSM Notification

Author name: سارة عباس راضي

Supervisor name: اسامة قاسم جمعة

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

نظام الكتروني صناعي لمحطات تصفية المياه بالاعتماد على اجهزة اتصال راديوية

Author name: زيد عبد مناف محسن القاروني

Supervisor name: حسن جاسم مطلك

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تصميم وتنفيذ منظومة صناعية متنقلة للمراقبة والسيطرة وتعقب البيانات Moveable SCADA) المستندة على برتوكول TCP/IP

Author name: علي نجم عبد الله العسكري

Supervisor name: محمود شاكر ناصر

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

تقليل استهلاك القدرة في تصميم دوائر السيموس المتكاملة بالاعتماد على الخوارزمية الجينية == POWER MINIMIZATION IN CMOS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DESIGN BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM

Author name: علي طويج شاهين

Supervisor name: سليم محمد رضا طه

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تكامل منظومة الملاحة INS/DGPS) (لمرحلة هبوط الطائرة == Integration of (INS/DGPS) System For Airplane Landing Phase

Author name: هدى ناجي عبد الرضا

Supervisor name: فرج محل محمد | سمير عبد الخالق عزيز

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electromechanical engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Technology - Department Of Electromechanical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تصميم تقسيم مساحة نظام الارسال الضوئي لنظم الاتصالات == Design And Implementation Of Optical Space Division Multiplexer For Tera (B/S) Communication Systems

Author name: مصدق ماهر عبد الزهرة

Supervisor name: ابراهيم عبد الله حمزة الشمري

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

Abstract: اتصالات الالياف البصرية هي العمود الفقري للبنية التحتية للاتصالات السلكية واللاسلكية التي تدعم شبكة الانترنت. النظام الاحادي الالياف المستخدم لنقل البينات لم يعد يلبي طلب الحصول على القدرة العالية والمتنامية بشكل مستمر. هناك العديد من الطرق الممكنة لزياد | Optical fiber communication system is considered as the backbone for the infrastructure of telecommunications that handles the internet. The exponentially growing capacity is no longer satisfied by using transmission of single mode fiber. There are several possible methods for increasing transmission capacity over fixed bandwidth. These include mix many signals with optical - carrier onto a one optical fiber by achieving various wavelengths, modulation employing different amplitude levels, and two orthogonal subcarriers and polarization. An extra dimension that a fiber can offer for achieving more information is space.This project demonstrates simulation systems for Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) transmission system using Few - Mode Fiber (FMF). Polarization division multiplexing (PDM) and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) techniques are also used in this system to increase total system data rate. For the ultra - high capacity need of SDM, Few Mode Fiber (FMF) was proposed as SDM best technology for obtaining ultra - high bit rate systems with long haul transmission. Inter - mode losses that appears in higher - order - modes was the most problem to be resolved. In this thesis, the description and design of three SDM systems were explored by using both QPSK and 16QAM modulation formats : single channel SDM system with PDM technique, 8 - DWDM channels over 7 modes SDM/PDM system, and 16 - DWDM channels over 10 modes SDM/PDM system proposed as future of ultra - high capacity optical system.By using 16QAM format and bit rate per channel of 40Gb/s, the maximum long reach of our designed single channel SDM/PDM system is 1020Km. A transmission reach of 760Km was achieved for 8 - WDM - 7modes - SDM/PDM system and 260 Km for 16DWDM - 10modes - SDM/PDM. At QPSK modulation format the maximum demonstrated reach was 1460 Km for single channel SDM/PDM system. A long - haul transmission of 1080 Km was recorded for 8 - WDM channels - 7modes - SDM/PDM system and 510 Km for 16 - DWDM channels - 10modes - SDM/PDM system.The total bit rate of single channel - 3modes SDM/PDM system was 240G/s at 40Gb/s bit rate per channel. The total bit rate was achieved by using 8 - DWDM channels - 7modes SDM/PDM system is 4.48 Tb/s at 40Gb/s. The highest bit rate was achieved by using 16DWDMchannels - 10modes SDM/PDM system so that the total achieved bit rate is nearly 12.8Tb/s.Chromatic Dispersion (CD) compensator using Digital Signal Processing (DSP) was proposed to compensate chromatic dispersion losses. Frequency and phase estimators were proposed in the designed systems to remove frequency offset and phase change by using Viterbi and Viterbi algorithms.Adaptive MIMO equalizer using constant modulus algorithms was proposed to compensate deferential group delay, polarization mode dispersion, and other losses simultaneously. Numerical results demonstrated that the methods are very effective in compensating the narrow band filtering and are very robust to channel estimation noise.The demonstrated systems were designed and tested by using (VPI transmission maker v.9.5) powerful software package.SDM techniques provided us with an important source to obtain more system flexibility, scalability, and capacity.

تصميم مضاعف تناظري خطي محسن بنطاق واسع يعمل باربعة ارباع == Design Of Improved Wideband Linear Four Quadrant Analog Multiplier

Author name: رسل صلاح خضير

Supervisor name: عبد الكريم مخيف عبيس

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

Abstract: استخدمت المضاعفات التناظرية على نطاق واسع في دوائر الاتصالات والشبكات العصبية ككاشفات للطور ومضاعفات للتردد ودوائر لمزج الاشارات والتضمين وفك التضمين. في التطبيقات التقليدية مثل دوائرالتضمين تعتبر ترددات التشغيل والسلوك الخطي للانظمة والمديات المسموح بها | Analog multipliers have been widely exploited in communication circuitries, phase detectors, neural networks, frequency multipliers, mixers, and modulation and demodulation circuits. In conventional applications, such as modulation circuits, the linearity, frequency of operation, and input voltage ranges are issues of great importance for multipliers. This work targeted these issues through the design of two types of four quadrant analog multipliers operating in wideband frequency ranges and having very high linearity with input and output voltage ranges of ±10V.The first wideband four - quadrant analog multiplier is designed using wideband squaring and operational amplifier (OPAMP) circuits. The wideband OPAMP is designed using 10 NMOS transistors based on 0.35 µm NMOS technology with supply voltages of ?12V. The wideband OPAMP has exhibited an open loop voltage gain of 3336545. The squaring circuit is built using two NMOS transistors and two wideband OPAMPs. The first wideband multiplier is built using two identical squaring circuits, two difference amplifiers, and one summing amplifier. It is characterized by high input - output linearity range of - 10 V to +10 V for both inputs, ±10 V input and output voltage ranges, and cutoff frequency of about 5 GHz. The second wideband four quadrant analog multiplier is designed using NPN bipolar junction transistors. It is built with two main circuits, which are the multiplier cell and the output circuit. The multiplier cell is built using a modified Gilbert multiplier, while the output circuit is a high gain circuit designed for changing the differential output of the multiplier cell to a single output having a voltage range of ±10 V. The multiplier circuit is designed with supply voltages of ?12 V. It is characterized by high input - output linearity range of - 10 V to +10 V for both inputs, ±10 V input and output voltage ranges, and cutoff frequency of about 1 GHz.Both multipliers are designed and tested on PSpice in ORCAD / Version 16.6.

بناء معيد ترميز تكراري شبه مثالي للاشارات المرمزة المعتمدة على مخطط تانر == Implementation Of Modified Suboptimal Iterative Decoding For Tanner - Graph Based Coded Signals

Author name: محمد ثامر نصر

Supervisor name: احمد عبد الكاظم حمد

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: University of Babylon - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Babylon

First pages:

Abstract: في هذا العمل, تم اقتراح خوارزميتين لتحسين اداء معيد الترميز التكراري التجميعي. الاول انجز باضافة رموز ارشاد بين سيل البيانات التي تدخل الى المرمز. في هذه الطريقة, رموزالارشاد ترمز مع البيانات المدخلة (رموز الارشاد المرمزه او الداخليه) مقارنة بالطريقة الاع | In this work, two algorithms were suggested in order to improve the performance of systematic RA decoding. The first one was accomplished by the insertion of pilot symbols between the data stream that entering the encoder. In this way the pilot symbols are encoded along with the input data (encoded or internal pilots) in contrast to the usual way where pilots are inserted after encoding (unencoded or external pilots). The positions where pilots should be inserted are chosen in such a way that to improve the minimum Hamming distance and/or to reduce the error coefficients of the code. Moreover, the known pilots have higher reliability than data and can significantly improve the initial decoding.The second proposed algorithm includes the utilization of the inserted pilots to estimate scaling (correction) factors. Two - dimensional (2D) correction system was suggested in order to enhance the performance of traditional Minimum - Sum (MS) decoding of regular RA codes. By calculating the mean square difference (MSD) between the values of received pilots and the a - posteriori data of bit and check node related to them, which are created by the MS decoder, an adaptive method can be achieved for getting the correction factors.Since encoded pilots in systematic RA code are embedded in data, it is possible to puncture all or part of them to increase the code rate. The pilots still have their effect on increasing the minimum Hamming distance.Extensive simulation tests reveal that the suggested quasi - optimal algorithms supply error performance be able to compare as Sum - Product (SP) decoding whilst maintain less complexity. Practical experiments are carried out by utilizing the capability of data acquisition toolbox supported by MATLAB to provide a hardware interface with the computer sound card. Here, the sound card plays the role of ADC and DAC converter in the physical layer. A different graphical user interfaces (GUI) are designed for the transmitting and receiving terminals to facilitate the selection of different code options. Signals are transmitted over wireless channel using a 2.4 GHz band indoor audio tranceiver. According to the aquired results, the modified coding system outperforms the original one when it is tested over AWGN and fading channels. An improvement may be realized about 1.5 dB and 1.3 dB at BER=?10?^( - 5) for punctured and unpunctured systematic (50,35,3,7) code with adaptive scaling, with three encoded pilots over AWGN channel and about 3.4 dB and 3.3 dB at BER=?10?^( - 4) for punctured and unpunctured systematic (50,35,3,7) code with constant scaling, with two encoded pilots over fading channel.

حساب توزيع الطاقة الممتصة في راس الانسان باستخدام نطاق الفرق الزمني المحدد لانظمة الاتصالات المتنقلة == Computation Of Sar Distribution In Human Head For Cellurlar Mobile Communication Systems Using Fdtd

Author name: هويدا كمال عبد الفتاح

Supervisor name: عضيد حسن سلومي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: Widespread wireless communications system in the last few years, leads people to ask many questions about the advantages and disadvantages of those systems, especially about electromagnetic waves pollution and their effect on human health.The mobile device is frequently used by the general public from adult to child, one of the main sources of electromagnetic waves and very close to the human head. Therefore the focus of this research on the impact of electromagnetic waves from mobile to human health by measuring the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), at the human head and the hand through SEMCAD - X that uses the Finite Different Time Domain (FDTD). SAR computation uses (FDTD) in the way the limited space of time, to calculate the specific absorption rate. The results have been compared with standards averaged over any 1 g of tissue and averaged over any 10 g of tissue. It didn't exceed the applicable standard.This work evaluates specific absorption rate (SAR) at different ages of three people. Firstly, old man, who was estimated to head 100% size of header used in the program SEMCAD - X. Secondly Adult man was estimated his head by 85% size of header used in program, and finally the child who was estimated his head by 65% size of header used in the program SEMCAD - X, the design hand has been used with all cases.The design of the mobile phone software works in four different packages of frequencies; the packets are the center frequencies 900MHz 1800MHz, 2100MHz and 2400MHz, when increased frequency the SAR increased but in the some state and frequency decreasing.The Evaluation of SAR in the head and the hand of the user device and the generic phone, the highest value of SAR decreases with increasing distance between the generic phone and the user's head and reducing the proportion was 50% for the old man, 40% for adult man and 35% for child. It can be noted that the angle of the rotation of the various frequencies is not fixed, while the ratio approximately is 25% for each angle of rotation.Also, it can be noted that for fixed frequency, the input power is increased to a double and the SAR have been used increased almost to a double.The different positions show that the methods of holding generic phone have a significant impact on the value of SAR. Therefore, the value of SAR can be reduced into 90% when using the correct method.The evaluation of SAR in these cases shows their influence on children and it was much greater than the adult human or old human by parentage 40% old man and 35% adult man.

تمييز الحروف العربية المعزولة المكتوبة بخط اليد باستخدام الشبكات العصبية == Recognition Of Isolated Handwritten Arabic Letters Using Neural Networks

Author name: نهلة ظاهر حبيب بهية

Supervisor name: منذر نعمان التكريتي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: يتناول هذا البحث مشكلة تمييز الحروف العربية المعزولة المكتوبة بخط اليد باستخدام الشبكات العصبية. ان نظام تمييز الحروف العربية المقترح يتكون من ثلاث مراحل وهي : مرحلة مسح صور الحروف العربية ثم مرحلة معالجة الصور واخيرا مرحلة التدريب والتصنيف.ان المرحلة الاخ | This thesis presents an algorithm for recognition of an off - line isolated handwritten Arabic letters using neural networks.The handwritten recognition system present in this work consists of three modules : - 1 - Arabic letter scanning module 2 - Arabic letter preprocessing module 3 - Learning and recognition module.The proposed neural network in the third module is trained in two stages : The first stage employs Self - Organizing Map learning algorithm for clustering the input pattern, which are based on a database of 196 letters collected from 7 independent persons.In the second stage each of the similar output cluster is considered as a subnet introduced to neural network trained by Back - propagation learning algorithm for classification. Several networks architecture are designed in the second stage using 1 - hidden and 2 - hidden layers with 5 and 28 output nodes in the output layer with different number of hidden nodes and learning rate.To examine the efficiency of the system a database of 196 letters collected from other 7 independent persons are used, (in order to test the ability of the trained network to generalize). The results show that clustering the input pattern, using 1 - hidden layer and 28 nodes in output layer improve the network performance. The system was implemented using (IBM - PC) of type Pentium 3.The programming language used to design the system was c++ version 5.02.

استراتيجية السيطرة على المقوم ثلاثي الاطوار المضمن بعرض النبضة (PWM) نوع رافع للجهد ولمصدر تغذية متغير الحالات

Author name: منتظر كاظم عبد الله

Supervisor name: تركي كحيوش حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: In this thesis, a proposed control strategy is presented to improve the performance of the PWM boost type rectifier when operating under different supply voltage conditions (balanced, unbalanced, and distorted three - phase supply voltages). The proposed control strategy is classified into two parts, the first part is voltage controller and the second part is current controller. In the voltage controller, Repetitive Controller (RC) is used to reduce the even order harmonics in the regulated output dc voltage (5.62V (P.P.)) so small output capacitor (480µF) is used instead of large capacitor (920µF) that is used with the conventional controller (PI controller connected in series with a LPF). RC also reduces the even order harmonics (0.014A (P.P)) which appears in the reflected dc current (IMAX), this leads to reduce the odd order harmonics (0.01A) which appears in the input currents. While in the current controller, enhanced Phase Locked Loop (EPLL) technique is used to obtain sinusoidal and balanced three phases, to construct the reference currents, which are in phase with the fundamental supply voltages Therefore, the supply - side power factor is kept close to unity (0.9036 for extremely distorting case). As a result the calculations of the reference currents in the proposed control strategy does not require Clarke or Park transformations, the same for the calculations of the positive or negative sequence components. A proportional controller is used to give excellent tracking between the line and the reference currents. Using this approach makes the control strategy easy to understand and also it saves calculation time of the control algorithms if implements in real time. The complete system with the proposed control strategy is simulated using Matlab/Simulink (Version 2012). The obtained results for the complete system using repetitive voltage controller are compared to the results of the system with using the conventional voltage controller. The results with the repetitive controller show better responses and stable operation in the steady state under different input voltage conditions, as well as in the transient response under different disturbances.

مبدل فوتوفولطائي مايكروي احادي المرحلة نوع فلايباك المغذي للشبكة == Single Stage Grid - Connected Flyback Photovoltaic Microinverter

Author name: مصطفى عباس فضل

Supervisor name: تركي كحیوش حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

تحقيق دائرة المعدل الثابت للانذار الكاذب باستعمال منظومة البوابات المنطقية المبرمجة موقعيا == Modified GO - CFAR Implementaion Using FPGA

Author name: مصطفى صبحي كمال

Supervisor name: رفعت طالب حسين | حكمت نجم عبد الله

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: هذه الاطروحة تتعلق بتحليل ومعالجة تاثير الضوضاء المحيطية (Clutter) لمنظومة الرادار النبضي، يتطلب رادار الكشف الالي للهدف استعمال عتبة الية (Adaptive threshold) لتحقيق معدل ثابت للانذار الكاذب وذلك لغرض السيطرة على الانذار الكاذب الذي تسببه تغيرات في الضوض | This thesis deals with the analysis and processing of clutter for pulsed radar system. Automatic target detection radar requires adaptive thresholding achieved by Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) circuit in order to control the false alarm caused by variations in clutter background.This work focus on worst radar environment that happens when abrupt variation in clutter background merged with multi - interfering target, to detect target in such environments it need robust CFAR algorithm that excise the target spikes and clutter edges from CFAR window in order to give best possible estimation to the noise background. two important algorithms studied which are CA - CFAR and OS - CFAR algorithms in additional to the modified CA - CFAR algorithm. All these algorithms were simulated with mat lab v6.1 and applied them to three different clutter models that represent different environment cases the CA - CFAR family failed to handle model two and three also OS - CFAR family except OSGO - CFAR that handle all models successfully. For modified CA - CFAR family only modified GO - CFAR handle all models successfully and comparing with OSGO - CFAR the modified GO - CFAR need less hardware and processing time because it did not need sorting process that is essential for OSGO - CFAR. Therefore, the modified GO - CFAR is chosen to implement by using FPGA and another important feature in modified GO - CFAR algorithm that is parallel processing since the spike selection process is done at the same time with summing of samples process that make this algorithm much less in processing time from any other algorithm that work in the same environment. The FPGA chip that used to implement modified GO - CFAR algorithm need only three signals from the radar receiver to mach with the receiver circuit correctly which are time base clock signal period reset trigger signal and the pulse duration time. Therefore, the FPGA chip can work effectively with almost any radar receiver system

مسيطر السرعة المثالي بالاعتماد على المتجه المسيطر لمسوق محرك التيار المستمر عديم الفرش == Optimal Speed Controller Based On Vector Controlled For A Brushless DC Motor Drive

Author name: مصطفى بشار عبد الملك

Supervisor name: تركي كحيوش حسن

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electrical Engineering - Power and Machinery

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: اصبحت محركات التيار المستمر عديمة الفرش شائعة جدا في الكثير من المجالات مثل في الصناعة والتطبيقات المنزلية؛ وذلك يعود الى مميزاتها العديدة على محركات التيار المستمر ذوات الفرش والمحركات الحثية؛ مثل كفائتها العالية, كثافة قدرتها العالية وحجمها الصغيرنسب | Brushless DC (BLDC) motors have become very popular in various fields such as in industry or home appliances; and that is due to their many advantages over the brushed DC motors and the induction motors such as their higher efficiency, high power density and respectively low volume. The traditional and most popular way to drive BLDC motor is by using six - step or trapezoidal technique. This technique however has several problems such as high torque ripple and high distortion in the currents. This thesis presents a BLDC motor drive system where the performance of the motor is improved on various aspects. The first aspect is to improve the speed response by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to find the optimal parameters of the speed controller. The second aspect is to reduce the torque ripple associated with the traditional driving technique and also improve the dynamic response of the motor by using vector or field - oriented control to drive the motor. The third aspect is improving the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the voltages and currents by using multilevel inverter. The last aspect is driving the motor in sensorless operation for reduced cost and for applications where speed and position sensors cannot be used; this operation uses a flux - linkage observer with a phase - locked loop (PLL) structure to estimate the position and speed of the rotor. The control methods are modeled using MATLAB/Simulink program and the results show that the proposed systems has significant improvement in performance as compared with the traditional technique in terms of speed response, torque ripple and THD of the voltages and currents

التاثيرات الكهربائية والبصرية لتشويب اغشية اوكسيد الخارصين (ZnO) المكونة لمتحسس الاشعة فوق البنفسجية بالفضة == Electrical And Optical Effects Of Ag Doped ZnO Thin Film Based MSM UV Photodetectors

Author name: محمد وسام ناجي

Supervisor name: منير عبود هاشم | غصون محسن علي

General topic: Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering

Specific topic: Electronics and Communications Engineering

Degree: Master

University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Engineering - Department Of Electrical Engineering

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: يستخدم اوكسيد الخارصين (ZnO) لكشف الاشعة فوق البنفسجية وذلك لكبر فجوة الطاقة وكبر طاقة اثارة الربط لهذا الشبه موصل. اوكسيد الخارصين كذلك يمتلك سرعة اشباع عالية وفولتية انهيار عالية. في هذا العمل تم تصنيع متحسس اشعة فوق بنفسجية نوع (معدن - شبه موصل - معدن) با | Zinc Oxide (ZnO) has been commonly used for ultraviolet detection due to large band gap and excition binding energy. ZnO has high breakdown electrical field, also has a much larger saturation velocity. In this work three ultraviolet Metal Semiconductor Metal (MSM) photodetectors were fabricated, based on ZnO and Silver (Ag) doped Zinc Oxide (SZO) with (2% and 4 % doping ratios) thin films. The technique used to prepare the thin films was sol - gel and spin coating technique by using Si (100) p - type. Silver interdigitated (IDT) electrodes were deposited on the films by a vacuum coating deposition technique to form the three devices.The electrical properties for the fabricated photodetectors (PDs) were studied using Semiconductor Characterization System (SCS) at room temperature ( 27 C^o). The applied voltage was in the range of ( - 5 to 5) V.The SEM images showed a non - uniform distribution of the Ag dopants, these dopants formed clusters and these clusters increased as the amount of Ag dopants increased. The mobility, carrier concentration, and roughness for the SZO films increased when compared to undoped film. The optical bandgap and the transmittance are decreased when the doping ratio is increased. The saturation current (I - S) was decreased by a factor of 4, and 12 for the devices based on Ag doped ZnO (with 2% and 4 % doping ratios) thin films, respectively. The sensitivity was significantly increased with increasing the doping ratio. This enhancement attributed to the roughness of the Ag dopants (clusters). The detectivity was increased for the devices based on SZO films. The high detectivity with low saturation current made the devices based on SZO films suitable for optoelectronic applications and integrated circuits. From the experimental data and analysis, it was found that the PD with ZnO : Ag 4 % doping ratio has higher responsivity and gain of 0.523 A/W and 257 , respectively. This is confirmed by thin film and device characterization which makes this PD suitable for UV detection purposes.