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معاني الحروف الثنائية والثلاثية بين القران الكريم ودواوين شعراء المعلقات السبع == The Meanings Of Two - Letter And Three - Letter Prepositions In The Holy Quran And The Diwans Of Poets Of The " Seven Suspended Poems

Author name: رزاق عبد الامير مهدي الطيار
Supervisor name: نعمة رحيم كريم العزاوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study shows the effect of the Holy Quran in the development of Arabic language as we believe that the Holy Quran has enriched Arabic language with great creative energies which have not reached before its revelation though it has got to an advanced stage of development.In order to know the amount of Quranic development in the use of the sort of preposition known in Arabic as : Huroof al - ma'ani , (Huroof al - mani ) and specify its size and places, the study has chosen the two - latter and Three - latter prepositions in order to investigate their Quranic uses. In order to know this development , the Quranic uses were compared with another texts of rhetoric which represent the best rhetoric al ones before the revelation of Quran.This texts were quoted from the poetry of " The Suspended Poems ". The study has chose the Diwans of The Seven Suspended Poems according to Al - zozani version. their poets were : Umru'a aL - Qeis (80 b.h) ; Turaf bin AL - Abd (60 b.h) ; AL - Harith bin Hilleza (54 b.h) ; Amr bin Kalthoom (39 b.h) ; Antara bin Shadad (22 b.h) ; Zuhair bin Abi Salma (13 b.h) ; Labeed bin Rabia AL - Amiri (41 a.h).The Study has investigated the use of two - Letter and three - Letter prepositions in their Diwans and balanced the Quranic use with them. That was in three chapters the first chapter entitled "the preposition : its whatness , its place in language and use. This is a theoretical chapter which explained the meaning of the prepositions and its place among the parts of speech in Arabic and the ancient and modern Arab philologist's view point of its nature and function.Also the Speech levels in the use of words and how to change the means of eliciting the meaning according to the different levels speech The chapter has also presented the two theories of "alternation and affirmation" which were used to deal with the multi meaning of the preposition. The chapter ends with the conclusion on that the two theories are not exempt from criticism.In chapter two the study dealt with a new theory which can be applied to deal with problem of multi meanings of prepositions. it was entitled "The Central Connotation and Peripheral Connotation". This theory was applied to two - letter and three - letter prepositions successfully.As for the third chapter entitled " The Effect of Quranic Context in the Meaning of Letters " , it specified and limited with numbers the places of Quranic improvement of meaning of two - letter and three - letter prepositions.This was in two sections. the first was dedicated for revealing the meanings used and improved by the Holy Quran ; the second section was dedicated for the Quranic use of new meanings.It was found that there were five central meanings created by the Quran. There were also fourteen peripheral meanings which were not used before the revelation. This was the most important finding of the research through which the study could prove the theory presented at the outset of chapter three which is " the Quranic context is an essential influence in the improvement of the meanings of preposition ".There are other findings which have been found by the study. foremost of which is the amount of using two - letter prepositions by the Quran (48%) over what was with the Arab poets. the three - letter prepositions (42%) over what was used by the Arab poets.Most of the two - letter prepositions used in Quran were (from - min - من) and so was the case in poetry. The less widely used preposition was (what - ayاي) which indicates the answer. And in the poetry, the less used preposition was (wa وا) which was not used by the Quran.In general the Quran has used the two - letter and tree - letter prepositions widely.These are the most important findings. One can refer to the graphs at the end of the study in order to review the findings

الفخر عند الفرزدق والمتنبي : دراسة موضوعية فنية == Pride In The Poetry Of Al - Farazdaq And Al - Mutanabi Technical Objective Study

Author name: علا وفقي محمود العباسي
Supervisor name: انعام داود سلوم
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Study depends on two Poets from two different ages, they are (AL - Farazdak) and (AL - Mutanabbi) who is genius distinguished at Poetry art of (Pride) which is dish gushed from their other Poetry arts.Without doubt the Pride is alumni tertian phenomenon but its incentives are different from one poet to other and the reason which urged the poets to embrace or follow this kind of Arabic poetry is the genuine (original) Arabic Values which were considered by them of pride position, and this was as a response to that environment and noble values, for it express their natural tendency towards disdain and pride.The two poets were so skilled at this art in the way it became in normal in their poetry in general.The (Farazdak) is one of the eminent poets of the first (Omawi) age distinguished with Arabism genuineness, and he is of nomad (Bedouins) tendency with pride and vaunting tendency. (AL - Mutanabbi) is one of the masters of (AL - Abbasi) age distinguished with pride from his earliest youth , once imitating and on other time (creator) contriving , and he stayed with his character , distinguished feature so that his pride was the key it know his character.The study depended on the introduction and three chapters. The introduction included the most important development stages through which the (pride) passed since the (pre Islam) age till the (Abbasi) age. The first chapter included the political, social and physiological life and there effect on the pride poetry of the two poets. The second chapter includes the intellectual (ideological) dimensions of pride which depended on three axes : - 1) Pride with once soul and this has many incentives (anger, rebellion, to advance - promote - the self /ego, narcissism, grandness and glory).2) Pride with poetics and it has many incentives (struggle between the old and the new - modern - , competition, publicity, spreading - circulation - poetry superiority, materialistic earning - gaining - ).3) Pride with the group this includes pride with the characteristics of the group such as (generosity) munificence, courage, heroism, patience and (prudence) mildness. The third section included the technical study of the pride poetry, the first topic subject is for the structure of the pride poetry and what is the single lion of poetry and what is the independent poem, the second topic subject is about the poet language including the pronunciations, ideas and meanings of the pride poetry with the two poets, the third topic / subject includes the poetry picture including rhetorical (eloquence) arts as simile , metaphor , metonymy - antonomasia - also the rhetorical beautifying such as alliteration (paronomasia) And antithesis in addition to adaptation (adoption) and implication. At the end I don’t forget remember who helped and assisted me and gave me the chance , first of them is my supervisor ms Dr.Anaam Dawood Salloom who helped me to over come great difficulties and gave me a lot of her time , science and knowledge , may god reward her with the best reward. Also may I thank with gratitude other teachers of Arabic section specially Dr. Adel ketab and Dr. Runak tawfik with all my respect to them. I hope this study enlightened even a little the dark ways and gave the first torch to the new scholars to expose new secrets which assist our study and make it as radiant land mark to the generations.

الاصوات عند سيبويه في ضوء علم الاصوات الحديث

Author name: عبد العزيز سعيد بن حمان الصيغ
Supervisor name: حسام سعيد النعيمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

البحث الصوتي عند ابن السراج (ت316هـ)

Author name: علي خليف حسين اللامي
Supervisor name: حسام سعيد النعيمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

البحث الصوتي والدلالي عند الفيلسوف الفارابي

Author name: رجاء عبد الرزاق كاظم الدفاعي
Supervisor name: محمد ضاري حمادي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

المفارقة في مقامات العصر العباسي == Irony In Maqamat Of Abbasside Era

Author name: تغريد ضياء مشفي الفخري
Supervisor name: سامي مكي العاني
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Most of the Abbaside era Maqamat were based on a bitter irony out of a painful and a tragic reality that is full of contradictions and change of standards and values. Axiomatically they had a lot of instances of irony for it is the most suitable among artistic styles. It was , there fore , adopted by Maqamat writers as the artistic styles through which they expressed their suffering and boredom ; it had been a reflection of the time they lived. For them , irony was a defensive means for facing the cruelty , deprivation and misery in their lives ; a purification means , so to say , that would eliminate the deposits of dreadful ideas and would relieve the strains of poverty and need deep inside them. The irony of the Abbaside Era Maqamat is of three main types : 1. Verbal irony : it includes anti expectation , pedantry equivocation , pun , simile and quotation. 2. Irony of situation : it includes the self uncovering , dramatically and event irony. 3. Narrative irony : it includes spatial and temporal , the narrator - hero and the secondary characters irony. These three main types make up the three chapter of the this study , with each chapter being devoted to one type preceded by an introduction that illuminates the lexical and terminological meanings of "Maqama" and "Irony" and also the nature , importance , motives and aims of each one of them. All that followed by a conclusion that sums up the findings arrived at and most important of which are the following : 1. Maqama is a dramatized story that combines the techniques of both fiction and drama. It both narrates and displays ideas. It is based on a dramatic scene with action and dialogue , a matter which tints it with vitality and excitement that it has been an impressive type of art up to the present time. 2. Linguistic irony is produced by one signifier leading to two or more signified ideas. It , then , enables us to practice a multi - reading criticism because it deepens the text , extends its interpretative limits and widens its horizons. 3. The irony of situation embodied the suffering of the Maqamat writers that their Maqamat seemed to be a reverberation of what they lived and co - lived and what they thought and felt. The irony was their outlet to steam off and express their attitudes towards their surroundings. 4. Time and place in the Abbaside Era Maqamat where open. The characters moved about in absolute time and place. That is to generalize the purpose - idea and indicate that it is likely to happen at any time and place and to implicitly indicate the bad conditions and corruption. 5. The narrator in Abbaside Maqamat is an observer who seldom takes part in the events unlike the hero who undertakes the creation and activation of events and through whom the writer pictures what he wants to deliver. Most likely , the narrator represents the writer , whereas the hero represents the socially , politically and ideologically oppressed class

تقنيات السينما في الرواية العربية 2000 - 2015 == Cinematic Techniques In The Arabic Novel From (2000 - 2015)

Author name: جبار سلطان حسن
Supervisor name: يوسف محمد جابر اسكندر
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Arabic novel with its regional orientation has not been isolated from the novel in general, since it employs a lot of cinematic techniques, proving, meanwhile, that it is open to other arts, keeping up the vibe of renewal and development, because many writers wrote with cinematic awareness and cinematic technique. This elicited the researcher to delve deeper into the effort found in the novels to achieve new modes of expression, which rely heavily on the image and the cinematic formation to maintain the tools to elevate the narrative speech, granting it the necessary narrative identity, which is featured with innovation and high narrative performance. The study is preceded by a forward, which tackles the definitions of concepts that are relevant to the study such as technicality, the concept of cinema, its techniques, and its impact on the Arabic novel. It also highlights the term "New Arabic Novel", and the classification of the novels under study according to it. Examining eventually the studied novels and the criteria of selecting them. The study falls into three chapters beginning with theoretic entries giving sufficient idea about each technology. The first chapter highlights the scenario. It is divided into two sections; the first includes types of scenario in the Arabic novel; the second is about the elements of scenario in the Arabic novel. The second chapter highlights the functions of the camera put into application. It falls into three main sections; the first tackles the corners of the camera, the second tackles the movement of the camera and its steadiness, and the third tackles the duration of the shots. The third chapter discusses the impact of montaging on the Arabic novel. It is divided into two main sections; the first is entitled "The Narrative Montage in the Novel in its Four Types : Horizontal, Reverse, Parallel, and Alternative Montage"; while the second tackles the Expressive Montage in the novel in its two types : the ideological and the rhythmic. The Conclusion sums up the findings of the research and the proposed recommendations.

شرح شواهد شرح ابن الناظم للسيد محمد بن علي الموسوي العاملي (ت1075هـ) : دراسة وتحقيق == Sharih Shawahid Of Sharih Ibn An - Nadhim

Author name: محمد علي هوبي جواد
Supervisor name: خميس عبد الله علي التميمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Thanks be to Allah and the best of prayers upon his prophet, Abi Al - Qasim Mohammed and his Household members and his companions, and everyone who followed the same path as they did. Due to the importance of a syntactic model for grammarians, as grammar has been built on it and syntactic rules have been derived from it, in addition to being the arbitrator for every dispute or disagreement arising between the various, numerous syntactic schools. This reasons, among many, made syntactic models their point of focus. They collect, arranged and explained these models for those interested in syntax, thus creating a new profession and a new discipline of syntactic study, named Syntactic Models Interpretation. AlSaayid Al - Amili's Book falls within this category, as it explained Ibn Al - Nadhim Models used for explaining his father's Alfiya. The reason I chose investigation for my doctorate dissertation is to pick up where I left off in my master study, where I investigated Mussa Bin Azeez Allah Al - Musawi AlJaza’ir’sLisan Al - Muta’ilimeen. I wished to walk down a similar path and master this aspect, an art that needed earnestness, perseverance, and effort; all of whom are sources of joy. Furthermore, this type of study bears a great scientific value in resurrecting our heritage, which has waited long for such resurrection. The most important causes for my choosing this book were the newness rarely found in books of the same category. This is shown in the Book Value heading of the second section in chapter two; its connection with Ibn Al - Nadhum's explanation of his father's Alfiya. The study methodology required that the study was to be divided into two parts : the first, the study part, consisted of four chapters preceded by a preface giving a brief description of the most important notions of this dissertation. The dissertation ends with a conclusion presenting the most notable results reached by this study. As regards the chapters titles and sections, the first one is entitled (Ibn Al - Nadhim and Al - Saayid Al - Amili, and Ibn AlNadhim Models Explanation). It consists of two sections : the first dealt with everything related to Al - Sayid Al - Amili - academic and personal résumé - while the second is used to Al - SayidAlAmili book - its title, attribution, motives for writing, general and special methodology, and other matters. Chapters two and three are devoted for studying the syntactic issues found in the book. Thus, chapter two was entitled “His Syntactic Replies and Preferences”, each of the two aspects of the title was allotted its own section. A number of the issues related to each title are studied and discussed as the study methodology requires. Chapter three, “His Syntactic Views and His Attitude towards the Two Schools”, consists also of two sections. The first one is devoted to his syntactic views, whether they are solely his or are joint with others, while the second dealt with some issues of controversy between the schools of grammar : Basrah School and Kufa School, which were mentioned by Al - Sayid, showing his stands towards them and his syntactic inclinations. Chapter four, “Badr Al - Deen Al - Aini's and Al - Sayid Al - Amili's Explanations : Comparative Study”, consisted of three sections, preceded by a briefing about Al - Aini's life and his book “Fara’id Al - Qala’id”. Section one succinctly discusses the two books mentioned in the chapter title, while making a simple comparison between the two to pinpoint how the former impacted the latter. The second section is devoted for the study of a number of the objections raised by Al - Sayid Al - Amili to AlAini, in accordance with scientific research requirements. Finally, in section three some of Al - Aini's ideas that were inaccurately understood by Al - Amili, with the latter's point of view corrected by proof. The second part of the study contained the investigated script and everything related to it. The latter are divided into two sections : the first provides a description of all the manuscripts found by the investigator, whether incorporated in the investigation or not; whereas the second is used to present the methodology adopted by the investigator and the mechanism used to bring out the final product to the reader. This is given by presenting three copies of each manuscript used in the investigation. The dissertation is concluded by the bibliography and the abstract in English. The most notable difficulties and problems faced while preparing this dissertation can be summarized by the following : not finding the copy written by the author, wrongly attributing a number of manuscripts to the author by some scholars. The latter was especially problematic. I went out of my way to prove them wrong. Another problem was the large number of the author's manuscripts, which made it difficult to select the best ones. Furthermore, the material was large, extensive, and varied. Despite of all of these difficulties, the researcher saved no effort to complete the work in the best manner possible. All credit should be attributed to Almighty Allah what whom without his providence I would not have accomplished any of that. Thanks and praise to no one but Allah. Thanks to Allah first and last, may Allah prayers be upon his Prophet Mohammed, and his infallible Household members

السلب في اللغة العربية == Detraction In Arabic

Author name: غانم عبد الحسن رداد
Supervisor name: مجيد نوط عبيد الشمري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study deals with the aspects of detraction in Arabic language on two levels : the vocabulary and the structural. The research has found out that detraction is a nothingness meaning referring to diminution or completion where there are linguistic aspects in Arabic language that detract the diminution and turn it into completion and vice versa. The pioneer to use the term of detraction was Al - Khaleel bin Ahmed Al - Farahidi in the second century of Hijra. Since that time, no one has ever dealt with the term till the fourth century of Hijra where it was renewed by a linguist named Ibn Jini. Ibn Jini has assigned a special chapter to the term in one of his books entitled (Chapter in Detraction). Since then, the term has become popular and grown and broadened. Another factor which had a role in the growing of the term was the meaning of detraction coming from the Greek philosophy at the time of cultural connection between Arabic and Greek cultures. In the light of the duality of (the existence or nothingness) or (diminution and completion), linguistic detraction has been found in many linguistic fields other than Arabic such as : philosophy, psychology, speech act and anthropology. These fields have been great help in studying linguistic detraction deeply regardless any specific linguistic approach taking advantage of the descriptive, normative, historical and comparative approach. The study is divided into a Preface showing the two aspects of detraction : Existence and Nothingness. Three chapters are followed : Chapter One studies the meaning of detraction and its problem, Chapter Two tackles the singular detraction and Chapter Three deals with the structural detraction.

بلاغة المقموعين من الاجراء الى التنظير حتى نهاية القرن السادس الهجري

Author name: محمد ياسر فراك الغرابي
Supervisor name: وسن صالح حسين
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

شرح التبريزي على مقصورة ابن دريد : دراسة لغوية == Interpretation Of Al - Tabrizi In Rythem Of Ibn Duraid

Author name: رواء ظاهر حميد ابراهيم
Supervisor name: خميس عبد الله علي التميمي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This is a study in the linguistic inquiries which is considered of one of the most fertile topics in the language in an important books of explanations, namely, Shrouh Maqsurat ibn Duraid by Imam Yahya ben Ali ben Mohammed ben Al - Hassan ben Al - Hassan Al - Tibrizi ( 502 H) for the multiplicity of the inflectional, phonetic, synatcial and semantic issues in the book as well as branching and the depth of the inquiry of the author. It is found that the linguistic phenomena are very important and deserve study and inquiry. One previous study tackled the efforts of Al - Tibrizi in that aspect. Also, the explainer (Al - Tibrizi) has made a great effort in dealing with these phenomena. I found that movement of authorship represents a shiny side of the linguistic heritage. After completing the material collection I found that the nature of study is divided into three chapters beginning with an Introduction which talks about the motivations for choosing the subject. Then, the Conclusion that includes the most important findings of the study. The preface tackles the life of Al - Tibrizi and his biography from birth to death, the material of the book and his approach. Chapter One is a study of the inflectional phenomenon which includes five inquiries which are : derivation, the structures of the gerund, the plurals of all type, diminutives, affinity, assimilation. Chapter Two is devoted to the study of the phonetic phenomenon which includes five inquiries that is : “substitution, the lightening of hamza, stress and lightening, and the extended. Chapter Three is entitled “the semantic phenomena” in five inquiries which are : the semantic development, synonymy, antithesis, semantic differences and semantic antithesis. In the Conclusion the most important findings of the thesis includes : Al - Tibrizi was one of the scholars of Arabic languages who has many and the treatises that history old. In addition to that I found him clever in language, syntax and the phonetic. He depended on the Quranic reading and he also cited the Quran, hadith, the speech of Arab (poetry, prose and proverbs).

القرائن واثرها في توجيه المعنى في تفسير البسيط للواحدي == The Presumptions And Its Effect In Directing Meaning With Reference To The Tefseer Al - Baseet For Al Wahidi

Author name: حامد حسين حنيحن طعمة الشريفي
Supervisor name: رجاء خلف عواد التكريتي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Doctorate degree in Arabic and its literature needs many requirements like this research. The theory of the "presumptions support" that Dr. Tammam Hassan puts, new studies appeared and affected with these presumptions. These new studies demon started their impacts in old linguistic studies. Among the old scientists recognized them and incorporate that in their compilation. That resulted in making them a large scientific field in which many studiers and researchers came in. One of those was al - Wahidi the owner of the three explanation : Concise, Intermediate, and Simple. In the simple explanation "the research field" Al - Wahidi recognized the most of those presumptions and he didn't depend only on the "Al - E'arab presumption". Once he used the presumptions clearly. And an other time he indicate them. For example ,some text can not be explained except that explanations depend on the presumptions like traditions and habits as in demonstrating the meaning, and the relation between the pilgrimage (hajj) and coming to the houses from their doors as it is in surah. Al - baqarah, the explanation was according to those traditions which the Arabic community followed in the ignorant age. One of the current age feature is the study in that field thereby various studies appeared and demon started that the presumptions have got effects in their fields. The scientists distributed the presumptions according to what their studies need. But I found that the best distribution could be four fold, to beghn with the word and what happen on it as : E'arab, Tanween, and Harmony. Then some words demand to accompany other words, and also the effect of the words nearness with other words. Afterwards, we come out to what surround these words. The title of the thesis "its field was the simple explanation" was the presumptions and its effect in directing meaning with the reference to the Tafseer al - Baseet for Al - Wahidi (died in 468 H). The thesis was organized into : foreword, introduction, four units and conclusion.For word : As a fore word ,I dealt with the reasons of selecting the subject, the difficulties I found in selecting the subject, the borders of the research, besides the references. Introduction : in the introduction, I talked about the notion of presumption, the meaning in language and convention, and their kinds. I didn’t talk about the book and its author, But they are two large fields for detailed studies, several researchers wrote about them such as those investigators in the author's book, (the simple explanation) headed them.Units : The units are as follows : Unit one : verbal presumptions, I talked about the presumptions which its performance can be in pronunciation like construction , in other words, the word and the effects happen for it. and I distributed this unit into five topics : conjugation construction, E'arab mark, tanueen, harmony, and stopping. Unit two : The presumptions depend on the relations among the words, in this unit , I talked about the presumptions where the words have got relation with the nearby words, their meaning can be got by these words. Each presumption needs connection between two linguistic elements, in other words, the two parts of the sentence demand , each one another in the same sentence or near it, for example : the verb needs the subjects and the preposition needs the noun comes after it that is for demonstration not for enumeration. These presumptions are for : Corres pondence, means, solidarity, connection and rank. Unit three : Incorporeal presumptions, the talking was about the group of presumptions that disclose the contextual relations among the parts of the sentence, therefore this unit was divided into : support presumption, specialty presumption, proportion, and subordination presumption.Unit four : Current Presumptions, The talking was about the group of presumptions that enter the stage of the linguistic text. They deal with the circumstances and the atmospheres that surround the sentence or the text and in which the text was be said. These presumptions can be occurred out the linguistic text where the text born in them. There is no relation between them and the text words excluding the circumstances that surround the to distinct and demonstrate it. Its distribution was as follows : the reasons of the descent ,prophetic hadith tradition and physical movements.As for conclusion… It contained the results that appeared during the research. and grace of Allah to whom be ascribed all perfection and majesty ,that the supervisor on this research is our professor ,Dr.Raja'a khalaf awad al - Tikrity who covered me with her grace and her guiding ,then, she didn't scant me with her advise and instructions.she endured a lot of troubles allah rewards her and bestow upon her with plentiful graces. and praise be to god! thank god.

المعجمية العربية في فكر الدكتور علي القاسمي == Arabic Lexical At The Thought Of Dr. Ali Al Qasimi

Author name: بتول عبد الكاظم حمد
Supervisor name: لمى فائق جميل العاني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise due to Allah, the Lord of the universes, peace be upon the Master of the messengers, Mohammad, his family and companions. The importance of dictionaries has increased lately, because technical means have been introduced into their manufacturing.Dictionaries have become one of the significant features of the present time in achieving reaction, harmony, and communication among nations. Dictionaries have also attracted the intention of modern linguistics' theories. This necessitates a new lexical study to investigate dealing with dictionaries on the basis of their capacity to receive the new innovated lexes, their purposes and the number of their users which increases everyday.Therefore, the present Arabic lexicographic study, tackles the thought of Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi to which it is restricted. This is so because of the achievements of this scholar and the services he presented to Arabic and the status he occupies among Arab scholars. His fame is wide spread in the Arab Homeland, in addition to the variety of topics covered by his lexicographic writings. He is, actually, a prominent figure in the modern age. He has provided, and still provides, the Arab library with references which depict the genius of this unique personality who does his best effort to serve these who speak it and those who do not. Due to his qualifications the Union of Arab Academies has adopted him a god deal in compiling the outlines of the Arabic Historic Dictionary.He showed a significant activity in this concern, presenting his opinions in setting the body of the Historic Dictionary through a bulky reference issued in 2014, under the title "The Making of the Arabic Historic Dictionary". Hence, this is the reason behind the choice of this topic to be studied. The researcher has found a great value in the thoughts of this scholar which are characterized by innovation and the call to change the methodology of the linguistic studies. Moreover, there is no single study which covers the lexicographic references and books written by Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi.The structure of the study necessitated its division into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction is divided into two parts, the first of which introduces Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi, his published books and researches. The second part is titled (Lexicographic Thought for Arabs). The chapters are as follows : Chapter one is titled (Al - Qasimi and the Modern Dictionary) including four sections the first of which tackles the (Definition of the Lexicographic Terms); the second (Methodologies of Arabic Dictionaries' Arrangement and Classification); the third (Lexicography Making in the Thought of Al - Qasimi), and the fourth, which represents the topic backbone of the concern of Dr. Ali Al - Qasimi, is titled (Dictionaries and Language Learning).Chapter two has been devoted to the study of the study of the Arabic Historic Dictionary. It mentions the most significant bases on which this dictionary stands. It is divided into four sections, the first of which includes several axes among which are : Introducing the Arabic Historic Dictionary, types, necessities for its appearance, the scientific plan to achieve it and the remarks on it, and the previous attempts to compile it. The second section is titled (The Lingual Change in the Arabic Historic Dictionary); the third is titled (The Arabic Historic Dictionary between Etymology and History).The fourth section is titled (The Corpus linguistic and the Historic Dictionary).Chapter three is titled (The Dictionaries Compiled by Al - Qasimi : A study in the Application). It is divided according to whether the dictionaries are complied by Al - Qasimi or participated in compiling them. Thus, the first section discusses the dictionary titled (The Basic Arabic Dictionary); the second (Recitation Dictionary). The third section is concerned in the study of (The Dictionary of Modern Linguistics Terminology), a bilingual English - Arabic Dictionary.The research has been provided with a conclusion which includes the most important result the researcher has attended to throughout the chapters of the study. A list of the references has also beenprovided.

العارض في اللغة

Author name: غانم عبد الحسن رداد
Supervisor name: حميد عبد الحمزة عبيد الفتلي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

البحر المديد في تفسير القران المجيد لابن عجيبة الحسني (ت1224هـ) : دراسة لغوية ونحوية == Al - Bahr Al - Madid Fi Tafseer The Holy Quran Of Ibin Ajeba Al - Hasani 1224 M - H Grammatical And Linguistic Study

Author name: محمد ضياء الدين خليل ابراهيم
Supervisor name: عادل شحاذة علي الخزرجي
Specific topic: Language - Grammar
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Allah reveals his glorious Book on his messenger Mohammed (Allahs blessing and peace be upon him and his family) to bc a guide for Muslims in this life and a triumph and salvation in the after life.The Companions of - the prophet (Allah may be satisfied with them) had received this Quran comprehensively, because they were very close to the Messenger of Allah (Allahs blessing and peace be upon him and his family), and being eloquent Arabs, If there were any problem in under standing any sign of the signs, they would go to Messenger of Allah (Allahs blessing and peace be upon him and his family) to explain what was ambiguous in the Quranic text.The beginning of - interpretation science was accompanied with other sciences, Interpretation was the main motivation behind their emergence. Among these sciences were linguistics and grammar. These two sciences have been hounded to serve the Holy Quran language and to help in illustrating the Quranic text. There fore, scientists have regarded the rules of - language as the most important rules that the interpreter has to be acquainted with, The relation ship between interpretation and linguistic elements is a firm one. It is apparent that the interpreters have show in their interpretations the issues that are connected with language and grammar in explainning the Quranic text. Among these interpretations is Al Bahr Al Madid of - Ibin Ajiba. He local in his book with issues connected with linguistics and grammar during his interpretation of the Quranic text. After reading and surveying his book, I have found rich material in it, deserves to be studied. Trusting on Allah, I re - same my research in this interpretation. I have studied it from the grammatical and linguistic sides. The re search is formed as an introduction and preface, then followed by four chapters and conclusion.In the preface, I deal with Ibin Ajibas biography briefly.Chapter One is entitled Ibin Ajibas Method in Interpretation. It includes three sections : Section One deals with Ibin Ajibas method in interpretation. It refers to the main traits of his interpretation of Holy Quran Signs.Section Two concerns the main grammatical and linguistic sources that had been adopted by Ibin Ajiba in his interpretation.It concerns too his method in quoting the interpretations from others.Section Three concentrates on Ibin Ajibas citations that he had depended on in reinforcing the grammatical base these citations are derived from Holy Qurain, Tradition and Arabs, Language of prose and verse.Chapter Two is entitleid the linguistic study, It includes two sections ;Section one is concerned with semantics. It sheds light upon morphological elements, synonym, derivation, and Arabs, language, differences.Section two is divided into two parts ; part one studies the main phonetic phenomena that Ibin Ajiba had refereed to. They and assimilation, ellision, and exchange. Part two concerns the conjugation that had been mentioned in the interpretation. They are utterance construction, stem, and plurals.Chapter Three is entitled the Grammatical study, houns. It involves four sections : Section one concentrates on inflected nouns like subject and predicate, and subject.Section two concerns the (Monsub) nouns like objects and manner.Section three includes different matters of uninflected conjugation.Chapter, Four is complementary, It deals with the problems of verbs and Ibin Ajiba linguistic method. This chapter includes three sections : Section one involves the main problems of verbs that had been used in the interpretation, the deletion and present verb rules and other wafttens. Section two tackles the alternation among the articles and their meanings. We selected a group of - then for the study and arranged them Alphabetically. Section three deals with Ibin Ajibas grammatical method, depending on the ynammatical methods. The research ends with a conclusion. It sums up the main results of the research.Finally, Id like to thank Dr. “Adel Shahta Al - Kazraji” the supervisor of the thesis. Id like to extend my thanks to those who helped and advised me in fulfilling this research.

دلالة الامر في نهج البلاغة == The Denotation Of The Command In Nahj Al - Balagha

Author name: علي صادق جعفر الرويشدي
Supervisor name: موسى جعفر فاضل الحركاني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Nahij Al balaghah (The course of Rhetoric) is considered a huge book, containing linguistic treasures. It comes after the Holy Quran and Al sunnah Al nabawia (The prophetic institution) in eloquence and rhetoric for the imprrtance of this book, I have choosen the subject (The denotation of the command in Nahj Al balagha after taking the agreement of the supervisor (Dr - Musa jafar fadhil). I mean that the commanding verb has two faces direct (apparent) and indirect (implied) the direct commanding verb like the verb ifaal (Do!).The indirect commanding verb like the sentences which contain the implied commanding verb. Its studying must be connected with the new denotative lesson, and containing all the fields of the language.The study consists of introduction, four chapters and conclusion. The introduction contains the definition of the denotation as a language and idiom and the definition of the commanding verb as a language and idom too. The first chapter is apportioned for the study of phonic denotation. This chapter contained three researches, the first for substitution, the second for rhyme and the rhythm and the third for phonic repetition.The second chapter is apportioned for studying of the monphological side. This chapter contained three researches, the first is for the denotation of the verb. with the increased letter, the second is for the denotation of the verb which increased with more than one letter. And the third is for the denotation of the infinitive which is instead of the commanding verb.The third chapter is apportioned for the study of the grammatical denotation. This chapter contains four researches, the first is for the grammatical denotation in commanding verb (leyafhal) (to do), the second for the warning denotation and temptation, the third is for the noun of commanding verb and the forth denotation of the indirect commanding terms.The fourth chapter is apportioned for the studying of the style of denotation. This research contained three researches, the first is for the denotation of collection of the commanding verb with the methods of other demand, the second is for the relation of the denotation verb with what will come after it and the third is for the denotation of the graduation and the denotation of repeating.At the conclusion I talked bout the important results I had concluded. In this thesis I depended on the book of nahj Al Balagha (The course of rhetoric), revised by Dr Subhi Al Saleh to certify the subject of this course, because it is the copy that we depend on it in certification of Nahj Al Balagha (The course of Rhetoric) recently.And I depended on the most important explauations of Nahj AL Balagha, like the explanation of Ibin Abi Al haded and the explanation of kamal Al Deen Bin Maytham Al bahrani and the Minhaj Al Baraha in explanation of Nahij Al Balaghah of Habeen All Ah Alkhoei, because I had found the benefit in these books. Thanks to God peace be upon our prophet Muhammad.

التوجيه السياقي في تفسير مقتنيات الدرر وملتقطات الثمر للحائري (ت1353هـ) == Contextual Directing In Interpreting Of Muqtanayat Al - Durar And Multaqatat Al - Thamar " By Al - Haeri ( Dead 135A.H )

Author name: يوسف عبد القادر عبد سلوم الحسني
Supervisor name: لطيفة عبد الرسول عبد علي الضايفي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على اشرف خلقه اجمعين محمد واله الطيبين الطاهرين واصحابه الامناء على كتاب رب العالمين ورسالة سيد المرسلين.وبعد.نال جهد المفسرين الاوائل على مر القرون عناية من المفسرين جيلا من بعد جيل وعناية الباحثين الذين حاولوا ال | Praise to Allah , God of all the universe and peace be upon the most honorable of his creatures Mohammed Peace be upon him and his pure and good family who were trustworthy people upon the Holy Quran and the message of master of messengers ,and then : - Efforts of pioneer interpreters over centuries got great care by interpreters generations after generation and the concern of researchers who tried to acquire what were presented interpretation efforts.Knowing that pioneer interpreters had presented an important and unique outcome as they were proactive in offering scientific items and rare interpretations through their abundant knowledge , aware of the secret of that great book. The latecomers of interpreters beneficiated from that great efforts with their outcome. But we did not deny that we got privacy explanatory and unique. This description included Al - Haeri interpretation which was called " Muqtanayat Al - Durar And Multaqatat Al - Thamar " which was complete interpretation of Holy Quran in twelve volumes by Mir Ali Al - Haerti Al - Tahrani in which we studied. This book was verified by Mohammed Waheed Al - Tabsi Al - Haeri and reviewed by Mohammed Taqi Al - hashimi which we saw contextual directing phenomenon as one of its important characteristics that enabled the researcher to justify a method in interpretation exceed partial interpretation of holy Quran interpretation based upon pronunciation and meaning or upon limited sentence to the text of Holy Quran which characterized the current interpretation.Therefore our research did not concentrate upon partial sides in interpretation , but depending on a plan not only concentrate upon single word or pronunciation , sound and morphological formulas , which was the issues studied by two researchers focus on Al - Haeri method and linguistic efforts concerned. Accordingly the title of the study was : " Contextual Directing In Interpreting Of Muqtanayat Al - Durar And Multaqatat Al - Thamar By Al - Haeri ( Dead 1353A.H )". The research was divided into three chapters preceded with preface regarding introduction of the interpreter due to its rareness translation , his method of interpretation , context theory and what were said about it from the pioneers of this trend in linguistic research and their researchers.Regarding first chapter , it was under the title of contextual directing of syntax which dealt with contextual directing multi - aspects syntax and syntax narration and grammatical differences , besides the effects of grammatical instruments in context. Second chapter dealt with the title of contextual directing of grammatical structure which included contextual directing of structure symptoms and grammatical transfer. Third chapter dealt with site directing in Holy Quran speech. Then the circle was expanded to include sentences limitation as directed to discover final guidance.which came as follow : Site directing in communication with prophets , good people , with Muslims and heathens , besides comprehensive speech for others regardless belief status. Conclusion consisted of the most prominent results reached by the researcher which will be useful in studying Holy Quran interpretation such as adopting context directed for interpretation whether grammatical or site ( circulation ) or text.

ردود السمين الحلبي المتوفى 756 هـ على النحاة في كتابه الدر المصون في علوم الكتاب المكنون

Author name: وليد عادل علي السبعاوي
Supervisor name: رافع اسعد عبد الحليم العاني
Specific topic: Language - Grammar
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الخلاف النحوي في تفسير القرطبي 3 الجامع لاحكام القران 2

Author name: ولـيـد عادل عبـد القادر
Supervisor name: رافع اسعد عبد الحليم العاني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The grammatical conflict in explaining Al - Qurtbi (Al - Jamia Li ahkam Al - Quran) is the title of my thesis. This thesis deals with the Question of grammatical conflict in the abovementioned explanation, clarifying the subject by displaying the grammarian's opinions from Basrah and Kufq on the unresolved grammatical issues in numerous Quranic verses.The nature of the thesis required to be divided in to two parts, preceded by a preface in which I defined Qurtbi in the grammatical conflict concept.The first part is dedicated to study Al - Qurtbi's style and evidences in his explanation. I have divided this part in to three chapters.In the first chapter I dealt with Al - Qurtbi's style in the grammatical differences through five researches dedicated in these researches the following : 1 - Al - Qurtbi's method in exposing the grammatical disagreemens.2 - Al - Qurtbi's preference for the grammatical views.3 - Al - Qurtbi's authenticity in the controversial issues.4 - Al - Qurtbi's exposition of the scientific subject.5 - The trend or school he disposes to.In the second chapter I have clarified Qurtbi's sources of grammatical difference in explanation through two studies : In the first one I referred to the most important books that Al - Qurtbi relied on in selecting his scientific subject, and in he second I dealt with the important grammatical book and the language that he depended on.I have dedicted the third chapter for the study of Al - Qurtbi's evidences on grammatical conflicts. My study here consequently led to : 1 - The Quranic evidences.2 - Evidences from the prophet's tradition.3 - Poetic evidences.4 - The imperical evidences. The second part studies the grammatical difference in explaining Al - Qurtbi’s. I have divided this part into two chapters, in the first one studied the grammatical difference among the Philologists of one school whether from Basah or Kufa, and I divided this chapter in its turn into two researches which includes : 1 - The controversial grammatical issues concerning the parsing of nouns.2 - Miscellaneous grammatical topics irrelevant to singularity, duality, feminization and repeating… etc whereas in the second chapter I studied the grammatical difference between the philologists of two schools of Basrah and Kufa, I divided this chapter into three studies. Which includes : i - The controversial grammatical questions concerning the parsing of nouns.ii - The controversial grammatical questions concerning verbs, prepositions and particles.iii - Miscellaneous grammatical issues like singularity, duality, pluralization and omission… etc.I ended my thesis with a conclusion in which I pointed out all the results I arrived to.

المولد والمحدث في المعجم الوسيط : دراسة لغوية == The Generting And Up Dataing Tearm In Al Wseed Dictiory As Alngual Study

Author name: وليد حمدي عبد الغريب المشهداني
Supervisor name: خليل ابراهيم حمودي السامرائي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: وتعد هذه الخلاصة هي ابراز المواضع في البحث والمستخلصة منه، فان اللغة بصورة عامة قائمة على مبنى ومعنى، وهما اللفظ ودلالته، فان مشكلات العربية المتعلقة بالدلالة اكبر واعقد بكثير من مشكلاتها المتعلقة باللفظ؛ ذلك ان الدلالة تتعرض للتغير والتبدل والتطور اكثر م | The Arab language is always. processing continually with all life. Stages, its life is depending upon its speater and its renewing within word development.In order the linguistics and phynolism, agree on. undoubted fact up it. saing, a language is a life as other. life thing subjected to the growing law. and belonging. to devel opment nature, we are, however, will not go as far. to believe compeea compeleally. in this passage, or in other words, we don’t under stand. the elvelopmen tearm and we will not accept. the gap dhat. isoiateel us or it from the folkiore or uprooting from it, hs no expectable that we ignore tearm and principle by all meam, that the opinion thatwe shold. adopt in dhis issue that language development in from. Of it qulifi cation, teams and amethodlyy listed by the linguistics, Accor ding or keen. on to the social. commemtmemt methodolgy is not as aguarding ship. implementet. on or langual conspet or akind one pold op inion and yesrrvation privcy. on thought or selfsh but rather it is akind of commentment in the practcal. teams and issuerquired in this issue, or dealing with this case and or cousion requir. to do or job to the. language, thuswe become occur in this study and keem on general. methodologyin spire, that the language still has theability to provd what is the best, and title on society we live. This study presentied, that. the arbic language is the most wide suprior. langnge what we rech till now is few or abit of imformation. amd most of imformatiom has dided out as the responser s passed the way well. This study cmposs of three. chapters, the first one I s divided in to seven (7) researchs In the first chapter. I deal with ALWASSD, and the first research incounler to its outher autograqhy, the secmd one his works. this is, however, is qlso. discussing the studen and the critisis, the fourth : reseawch is discuss its postion among otherworks, then the fifth research is about his methode and aproche iwhile the sixth one in its referemce, I isted the seventh 7th as ablamce contract. beteen ALWASSED (inter midi) dictonary and the orgnal langnage text. the second chapter is composs. of ten (10) researches, the first one is identifing the gemerter as a alangnage, the 2th one is in reform, the 3th. research is showing. the community rule in recognazed the generating, the 4th on is shwing the jmportamt of the generted stndy, the 5th on, however, is rumning around. the historical pont view the 6th. is concering in refermce and gemeratiry the 7th. one is discussing the meaming and its weak point. The 2th one is about. the symintic and contemt. the gth in idintifing and the gener ated its kind The concluison in first chapter or in the bth research. concluion about generating idientifed and recognizing. Langnage tearm the jth chapter is divided in twa, I in conted in the. first the upgreter in the lamguage, the 2th is about. the upgreater peform, the 3th recognizeek. historical point of upgreater. or followed by the 4th researchjst. subject concering the upgreater study improve, the 5th one is deeleaing, the understaanding historical view, the 6 th researche subject is abot. theupdating in the language, the 7th. in symantic end its changing, the 8 th in context and. symintices. then the 9 th in gemerated understinding and its forms the conclousion of. the first chapter. in the 10 th reseach. is about the langual standerds understanding. This study. composs of 3 chapter, the first one is divided in to 7 reseaches in the first chapter, dealing results and recommendtions, hoping. to siasifed the whole rerchse reauirement with the updading in languaye, the 2th researehg is about updataing. in reform, them the third is about the historical point view joof. updating, them the 4 th one. on the importamt the updating study, the 5 th on the Egpition langual. society and privte and individuau role, the 6 th research. Subjeect is abut. the updading in the languge, then the 3th unite. con culded by the 7 th resrvaion Ials. concluded. the whole. research by

الحجاج في تحف العقول لابن شعبة الحراني ت(381هـ) == Al - Hajjaj In Tuhaf Al - Uqul (The Masterpieces Of The Mind) By Bin Shu’Ba Al - Harrani (381 AH)

Author name: وسن هاشم عودة
Supervisor name: مؤيد عبيد ال صوينت
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study belong to a heritage and religious codes which include the words of the Prophet and his household is (Tahiff Aleaqul For The Prophet's Family), for Al - shaykh Al - Thiqat Al - Jalil Al'aqdam 'Abu Mhmmd Alhasan Ibn Ali Ibn Alhusayn Ibn Shuebt Alhrrany (381 AH), And it included a series of selected words in wisdom, and in sermons and advice, wills and speeches of the Prophet and the Imams except of the Twelfth Imam. And studies concerning the impact Hajaji as stated in the book of the sayings of the Prophet and the Imams; and so they called ( Al - Hijab in Tahiff Aleaqul For Ibn Shuebt Alhrrany (381 AH)), It is clear that the title search aims to highlight the effort Hajaji in a speech the Prophet and the Imams; to persuade the addressee or recipient of what they put forward new ideas. One of the reasons these studies are : 1. The importance of the subject of the pilgrims, and the richness of its content; the other is related to science, but as a service to the speech of the Prophet and the infallible imams mosque world and the Hereafter for the good.2. Not exposed this text of any prior study, despite the prestige of the author and the opinion of the scientists it being a virtuous Imami scholars and most informed accordingly and literature and rated, he is speaker jurist and an updated writer and erudite, a category in jurisprudence, speech, and assets, literature and others, but no remains of his works only book (Tahiff Aleaqul For The Prophet's Family), and the book scrutiny.And also full of my conviction that we speak in order to influence and work resulting from the impact of this effect, a basic function of pilgrims, and according to this study required to be in the preface, three chapters followed by a finale, boot included talk of a work book, as well as on its value, and the opinion of the scientists in it, and then came Chapter One Musoma (introductions in Al - Hijab in Tahiff Aleaqul), and included five sections by type of orbital those introductions.The second chapter is marked by (links and orbital factors in the minds Antiques) and included two topics we discussed the value of the two factors and links in the orbital Antiques minds, and their impact in connecting the argument with the result and make it acceptable.The third chapter is marked by (pilgrims mechanisms in Antiques minds in the light of the peace - orbital theory, the theory of accountability), guarantees the two topics we discussed in the first pilgrims mechanisms in Antiques minds in the light of the peace - orbital theory, and in the second we checked pilgrims mechanisms in Antiques minds in the light of accountability orbital theory.Despite the difference in these theories, the link to all of them to prove the worth of orbital, is the intent inherent in the mind of the speaker and how to deliver it to the mind of the recipient, and this is intended to be restricted by the context and place it came in, it is the link that makes the rhetoric or the vocabulary valuable orbital goal of persuasion and guidance then Khtmana Find a summary of what we have achieved after a search by the orbital theories, and most important : the Letter of the Prophet, marjoram pure speech Hajjaji deliberative dialectic, which is the style of Koranic; it refuted the ideas and values, and proved again, Nazeroa and interlocutors in order to get persuasion and left the receiver free to selection work which convinced him or introduce him, and he is an intellectual nature of mausoleums and social; it took Baanalaattabar the requirements of the case of shared knowledge and the demands of news and guidance circumstantial for all of us to participate in the creation of knowledge with ideas, issues and values involved, establishment - oriented as far as the purpose intended, and also was a polemical speech ; because their goal to convince me based on their commitment to the well - established image evidentiary granted for ideas in the mind of Mkhadobam, in order to deliver the intended end in persuasion.

الفضاء السردي في شعر الاغتراب العراقي 1970 - 2012

Author name: وسن علي عبد الحسين الزبيدي
Supervisor name: صبحي ناصر حسين
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الاحتفاليـة في روايات ابراهيم الكـوني == The Carnivalesque In The Novels Of Ibrahim Al - Koni

Author name: وسن عبد السادة جودة محمد
Supervisor name: فاطمة بدر حسين
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In this study, we dealt with festive themes in literature novelist Libyan writer (Ibrahim Al - Koni) according to Bakhtin's theory for the ceremonial character which is known as "carnival". The study was divided into introduction and four chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter (rites and ceremonial appearances) we found in the first section rites, achieved ceremonial primitive in all manifestations of pagan gods, and offerings and vows, both human sacrifice and non - human, then magic and sorcery in primitive societies. As modern celebration was divided into two ceremonial dramas , decorative and ceremonial celebration which was marked by dramatic coherence of the dramatic event and often have to do with the murder festivities (music, dance, singing and population ) The celebration shows the decorating aspects of the celebrations of dancing, singing, music, songs and games ceremonial, which gives rise to heritage and stimulates memory when the receiver will be present in the text conscious and aware of these celebrations, especially if the people of the desert, as it documents the popular tradition for the people of the desert (Touareg). The existence of these festivities decorating artistic necessity in the novel ceremonial; because it is serving a ceremonial meaning in this novels texts. The celebration represents the aesthetic novels and there must be a decorative ornament , formalism and the rhythmic. In the second section (The celebration appearances) it has the celebration appearances in all its forms which came from : the exchange of roles , masquerades , bet and profathin free and the celebration links away from the cost. We have seen in the course of the analysis that the antibody, is the foundation upon which all the celebration appearances which referred to came in the folds of the analysis of model novels in general. In the second chapter (sarcasm celebration), we found that sarcasm is one of the necessities of ceremonial check, wherein the characters and laughter resound smiles different connotations between innocence or abuse and defamation, sarcasm meaning laughter and ridicule include. Therefore, the researcher found that the term of mockery to be inclusive of many of the concepts that led one of the meanings of sarcasm in laughter or ridicule. We identified sarcasms ways by : humor, satire , satirical image and nicknames of the inclusive of these methods in achieving sarcasm methods The third chapter (intertextuality in The celebration) represents intertextuality mechanism to establish linkages and relationships between the various texts. Ibrahim Al - Koni has shown these relationships with diverse texts, whether mythological or religious, historical or literary, past or contemporary, according intertextuality laws the province or absorption or dialogue. Chapter fourth (technical structure in the novel Carnivalesque) studied aspects of technical building elements that are in the concept of Carnivalesque service and help to achieved its presence in the novelist text : narrative, carnival characters (miraculous) , language and dialogue, and the ceremonial place

اشكالية الخطاب العربي في (الكتاب) لادونيس == The Problematic Issue Of The Arabic Discourse In The "Book" For Audunece

Author name: وداد هاتف احمد وتوت
Supervisor name: سعيد عبد الهادي المرهج
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: 1 - The study examined the concepts, and the idioms of "problematic, discourse, writing, and copying" in accordance to special curriculum, and that is archeo - geniological curriculum. which is related the French philosopher Micheol Foco. And the curriculum and what are related to it of inspecting the traces of the thoughts, their shaping way, their overrating, and were shown on the body of the society; a new curriculum in Artistic critics, it provided the ultimate way to interpretate Audence accomplish "The book yesterday is the place today". Where the writer pursue the same curriculum in the way of molding his intellectual adoptings, creativeness, and what he wanted to say through this work.2 - After the proving of the study that the accomplish under the study "The book yesterday is the place today", is not mere Artistic text, but it is a speech in what speech is mean in its communicational of comprehensiveness, and big ideal. The reader discourse concept, was very good way in dealing with this accomplish, where the spirit of this concept was represented, in what was contended of cultural codes, and intellectual partteners that worked the production of the texts and directed their interpreting process. 3 - The concept of the writing, as concept by passed the speech of the kind, was the last of what Audence version settled on, and based on his good dealing in the description of modernistic works, especially the creative accomplish - field of study - of writing transfigurations which did not stand in specific cue of creative writings types, in poetry, and in prose. From this point of view this dissertation did not accept the describition of this work as collection of poems, in that it is a kind of writing which is comprehensive for poetry, prosaic, for historic, intellectual, and Artistic, it is the comprehensive speech of the comprehensive vision, which ruled its appearance, and did its speech.4 - The dissertation pick the standing contradiction between foco / foko concept of madness, Audonece, and then to his speech, where the former spoke about the real madness, and how the restrictions of the dealing were limited to types of speech, having no connection temadness, but to some undesirable categories spelled by the western society for the safety of the all, and by this he exposed the arrogance of the western society, while Audonece stance was similar to the Islamic intellectual where madness in the Arabic thing, is a tool in the hands of the group to face oppressive political regimes. And it was another type of madness, it was a metaphoric madness, which was able in its departing for reality space to pass the speech of rejecting, accusing, worning and giving advice in the name of religion, and for the sake of people in addition madness have another vision, in Audonece poetic vision and self discourse. His presence was clear, where its type of unknown similarity in this glob and the search in its hidden places, getting use of surreal vision in this matter. 5 - The study present the discourse of "the book….) as Archeo - geontic vision of the Arab - Islamic thinking, in all its parts. Dived in the roots of the intellectual crises since the starting of Islamic Arabic state since its founding, till nowadays. as well it got benefit of the reader discourse concept in the analysis of the accomplish understanding, where Audunece in his treating for intellectual and poetry issues in "The book…" a discourse reader, and historical symmetric standing in the Arabic discourse speech.6 - The thematic equivalent, represent a basic stand in treating "The book…", where from its beginning, of the Di - pattern, of the little in it main and branch types, its gender indicator, and it authorizing, as well the forms of the writings on the page space were divided in its almost in four writing forms, as equivalent to Arabic foggy thinking, and the loosing of the self between the past which was full in contradiction, burden with constraints and overcame with the control on present day thinking. In addition to the main sample, the motive of the work who is Al - Mutanabbi.7 - Audiences writing in "The book…" came in this variant form, which is full with references to be thematic equivalent for his book the authord to what is a function to concept of the author for Foko - and his rich thoughts and activity variation. In that this accomplish short half century walk, characterized with seriousness and balled, which which was byest to all what were different, and problematic, basing to the exploring, and thematic analysis a way from all before submissives accepted by the foundation - whether they were intellectual, cultural or social, the study did not adopt the concept of the mask, where despite its narrow space and its accupying with the self side of the mask and the person who wearing it, came under the thematic equivalent concept with no doubt.8 - The researcher conclude her research by admitting the fact the book today is the place tomorrow, is a deep study for Arabic - Islamic thinking life history, in all its appearances, identify, its almost biggest crisis, and the most dangerous effect for the presence and the future of this nation. And what distinguish this study is its departure to all what are expected of the writing forms, or research works, that limit its freedom in the search and explore, in that it dives in time and place, and shed light on dark paths to enlighten them in exploring and exposing to show the defects for the audience for treatment that may raise the place and it dwellers.

الفضاء الروائي في الرواية النسوية العراقية 2003 - 2013

Author name: وجدان يعكوب محمود
Supervisor name: زينب هادي حسن
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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