Abstract: Al - Husseini rituals and decrees are a religious and social phenomenon because of their particularity in the Islamic world , which stands humble to the commemoration of the Imam Hussein (p.b.u.h) , That Embodied all the epics of the injustice and oppression that was afflicting the Islamic nation, Al - Husseini rituals are also one of the main sources of a continued human connection to the case of Ahl Al - bayt (peace be upon them) , A case that cast of tears on history. Al - Husseini rituals shed light on the truth of the eternal struggle between right and wrong , As it forms the identity of the Islamic nation and gives it the true affiliation of the school of islam, So it is an extension of the message of the prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) when he said "Hussein is part of me and I am part of him , May Allah love those who love Hussein It is also a test and a difficult test in terms of reviving it. Where the rituals were subjected to the most restriction and prevention during the periods that preceded the period until 1958 and the positions of the government to them, As well as the Historical events experienced by these processions during this period. Through my study of this subject, the following facts will be very obvious. Al - Husseini rituals , in the city of Karbala for all its forms, are civilizational practices when they compared to the rest of the rituals of non - Muslims , at the same time , the city of Karbala is an incubator of Al - Husseini Rituals in the whole world , Because it has the holy shrines of imam Hussein and his brother AL - Abbas , as it attracted thousands of visitors from around the world , Al - Husseini rituals are Considered as a weapon of the people who have been subjected to colonialism, therefore, these rituals were given more importance and holiness to their ability to expose every unjust and oppressor. At a time when these rituals aimed at a social, political and economic function besides their spiritual function , As it aimed to achieve unity of class and emphasis on the spirit of tolerance between our people and different sects and religions. Al - Husseini rituals have undergone multiple roles, on of which is widening and the other shrinking , depending on the nature of the ruling policy. Many types and practices are inserted to Al - Husseini rituals coming from Islamic countries neighboring Iraq, at a time they weren’t Known such as consider and walking on the embers and hit chains. The process of organization and management of these rituals are managed and organized in coordinated and controlled way be the people without government intervention in that period in the recent periods of the history of contemporary Iraq (1921 - 1958) where the government policy began to intervene partially in term of prevention or allowance sometimes. In fact , Al - Hussieni rituals were not only for the Iraqi Shiites, but they were attended by Muslims from all Iraqis and even non - Muslims. And that these rituals have an honorable position on Arab national issues as well as their position on Iraqi national issues. In conclusion, Karbala has he hearts of the believers for its ancient place and traditions where it remains the Centre of the population of the city and the pivot of their social life. It became a station for the influx of visitors from all over the Islamic world, which was reflected on its social and economic reality, where the city has flourished greatly and this is due to the presence of the holy shrine of Imam Hussein and his brother Al - Abbas (peace be up on them) which have become a sanctuary to the Islamic world.

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المسور بن مخرمة دراسة في مروياته التاريخية == Almuswr Bin Makhrama Astudy Of His Historical Narratives

Author name: سجاد حنتوش شوكان الزيادي

Supervisor name: عباس جبير سلطان التميمي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: Our study tackled the historical narratives only about the personality of Al Mswer Bin Mekhremeh, that we searched about the oldest available references. He was one of the minor prophet's(p.b.u.h.) companion. He lived in the prophet's time. He had a role during the orthodox caliphs, especially in the caliph's Omar Bin Al Khettab time. He had also an important role during the time that followed killing the caliph Omar when he participated with his uncle Abdul Rehman Bin Ouf in choosing the third caliph Othman Bin Iffan when he was the right hand to his uncle to choose the caliph in spite of the signs that he had a tendency towards the prophet's family. He had good stand with Al Imam Ali, Al Imam Al Hassan ,and Al Imam Al Hussein. After choosing Othman as caliph, they depended on him in many issues like sending him as an envoy to Africa and other states. The caliph Othman also relied on him when he sent to MuawehBin AbiSufyan besieging him to raise the blockade when he was surrounded by the angry rebels in the house accident. But Muawehdid not respond to his request, the matter that made the caliph angry on Muaweh. Al Mswer also had an opposite opinion to the Umayyad, but Muawehby his slyness could attract Al Mswer and made him calm. His opinion towards Umayyad remained him clear. That is after Muaweh'sdeath his stand was against the Umayyad when Yazid was chosen as caliph when he stood beside the Zubairis in the war against the Umayyad where he was killed by a canon stone that was thrown towards the hornableKabba which wasbesieged by the Umayyad and he was buried there. What concerns our study, it consisted of three chapters, an introduction, and a conclusion. In the introduction, reasons behind choosing the topic were studied as well as the difficulties that have been faced. The first chapter talks about Al Mswer's social, cultural, and political life. Several issues about Al Mswer's antecedents, fathers, and birth ambiguities ending with his death. Concerning his cultural activity, he was considered one of the legists where he had speeches about the prophet. The political aspects and stands in his life were discussed, particularly the last about Al Zubairi and hid death. The second chapter was about this historical narratives that were before and after prophecy. Some of these were about events that happened during the prophet's time like wars led by the prophet. Some of them belong to Al Mswer's personal issues. Some of the narratives were deeds to Al Mswer which were close to the prophet. The third chapter was about Al Mswer's narratives during the orthodox caliphs and part ofMuaweh's time. In this chapter we found his clear activity during the caliph Omar Bin Al Khettab and his witness to the events at that time such as Al Remadah Year and later killing of the caliph Omar and the election issue as well as his role. Later some narratives during the caliph Othman Bin Iffan and his uncle's Abdul Rehman Bin Ouf deeds were mentioned. After that we see turning his narratives about Othman's mistakes when he gave fortune to his relatives rather than other people. That what made people rebel and kill Othman. He had one or two narratives duringMuaweh Bib AbiSufyan. At last Al Mswer's narratives were studied concerning the source and narrated people as well as studying the narrative body to select the perfect

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معمر القذافي ودوره في سياسة ليبيا الداخلية حتى عام 1986 == The Role Of Muammar Gaddafi In Libya'S Domestic Politics Until 1986

Author name: هاجر خضر محمد النصراوي

Supervisor name: حاتم راهي ناصر الزوبعي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

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منهج المروزي وموارده في كتاب طبائع الحيوان : مقالات منتخبة من المقالة الاولى باب الصين والترك والهند == Al - Marowzi Approach And Its Resources In The Book Of Tba'E Alhaywan Selected From The First Article Chapters Of China, Turk And India

Author name: غازي هادي حمزة اليساري

Supervisor name: هاشم ناصر حسين الكعبي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Rp-Al-Marowzi-approach-and-its-Resources-in-the-book-of-Tbae-Alhaywan-selected-from-the-first-article-chapters-of-China-Turk-and-India.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: هذه الاطروحة تقدم المؤرخ والجغرافي والطبيب شرف الزمان طاهر المروزي - كان حيا ( سنة 518هـ/ 1134م ) - وبعنوان ( منهجية المروزي في كتاب ابواب الصين والترك والهند , ابواب منتخبة من كتابه طبائع الحيوان وموارده ) , وهذه الدراسة تاتي ضمن حقل الدراسات التاريخية و| This thesis of progress and geographic and doctor sharaf al - zaman tahir al - Marowzi - was alive (year 158 AH \ 1134 AD) - And entitled (Al - Marowzi methodology in the book of the Chapters of China and Turk and India , Elected chapters of his book Tba'e Alhaywan and resources) , This study is part of the historical and geographical studies field That are interested detects historians Arab Muslims efforts , And to clarify their approach to authoring and resources and their tactics in dealing with the events witnessed by the Arab Islamic nation , And the date of their neighboring nations and clans , Hence the desire to record the subject came , and the approach of Al - Marowzi was in the writing of the three chapters - China and Turk and India - particularly strong motivation towards writing this thesis. Sharaf al - zaman tahir al - Marowzi considered is one of the leading historians of Arab Muslims who wrote about the Levant and Morocco typing known Tba'e Alhaywan - The first article of it - And the known world of his time , The polls and note down what is received from this historic Nations resources , Especially the subject of our study - The country of China, India and Turk - and He writes what is being offered to him and raises his attention , And the notices of the customs and traditions and systems and civilization of the different nations and peoples in this country that He lived with al - Marowzi.The Research Plan Research divided into preliminary and introduction, four chapters and a conclusion , The first chapter came in three sections , The first section took care of study of the life and geographic and doctor sharaf al - zaman tahir al - Marowzi , Such as his name and lineage scientific and upbringing and of his travels in the Arab Islamic countries , The second section we are believe in The influence of the age on the person of the author , So I dealt with the most prominent features of his time in the Seljuk state and its capital city of Mero, where he lived al - Marowzi , What characterized this era of conflict between the political forces that tried to seize power and the conduct of scientific movement , On the contrary, this contributed to the competition between scientific schools in multiple centers , The most important schools Baghdad, Cairo, Cordoba and Maro , In this study we have shown the flourishing of science and medicine in the Seljuk era. Then came the third section , Where we discussed the Arab - Islamic relations with the countries of India and China until the fall of the city of Baghdad by the Mongols in the year 656 AH , 1258 AD , Bypassing the country of Turk , To the fact that this relationship has come under the second section, which we introduced the first Seljuk state and growing up in the country's Turk and its extension after that to the other country,And its domination on the territory of the Abbasid state in the fifth century AH, the eleventh century AD In the second chapter , I thought that we should deal with the first section and briefly summarize the development of historical writing among Arab Muslims , And its early stages and its growth and development in the successive Arab and Islamic Arab countries until the era of al - Marowzi , And the stages in which it passed , From the style of biography and news , To the style of human being and the idea of the nation , Then we presented a second section on the geography of the Arabs , I presented the possession of the Arabs before to Islam geographical information astronomical benefited from them in their travels and movements , Then we showed the interest of Muslim Arabs in geographical knowledge, trips and trends , and The development of Arab - Islamic geographical authorship, from the keen attention of the Islamic regions to specialization in one country , And then the tendency to classify the geographical dictionaries influenced by the geography of other neighboring nations, especially the Greeks and Romans after the translation of the works of these countries , And in the third section dealt with the talk about the development of the emergence of animal science among Arab Muslims , Before the spread of the Islamic religion in the Arabian Peninsula and the development of this science during the successive Arab Islamic times , And the stages that passed until the era of Sharaf al - zaman taher Al - Marowzi and classification of the book of Tba'e Alhaywan. After learning about the development of the history, geography and animal sciences of Muslim Arabs, I had to learn in the third chapter the approach of Doctor Sharaf Al - Zaman Taher Al - Marowzi in writing the chapters of China, Turkey and India in his book Tba'e Alhaywan , And divided his sections into three paragraphs , presented in the first paragraph , The definition of the book , As it touched on the control of the title and proportion and date of composition , And the purpose of writing , Manuscripts , Typography , Arrangement and division and divided the investigation into three paragraphs , In the second paragraph, the basics of the organization and presentation of the historical article were presented in the three sections according to the sections , And the most important texts of rare historical documents presented by Al - Marowzi and unique in the chapter of China , In the third paragraph of this chapter, Al - Marowzi's method and methodology were presented in writing the three chapters and quotations from the ancient Greek heritage and Arab Islamic sources , Resources and elders , In addition to the style of criticism of the novels and the beginning of transport and end and the flags mentioned, all with live examples and resources Al - Marowzi within the three chapters - the study research. And to meet the title of this treatise right , I devoted the fourth and last chapter to talk about the cultural aspects in the countries of China, Turkey and India and was extrapolated from the total resources of Al - Marowzi in the three chapters , In which there are clear indications about the geographical aspects in the countries of China and Turkey and India and its locations and seas and cities and borders and how to manage this country and that in the first section , The second section has included Al - Marowzi resources for religious values and principles of ideological and social and cultural manifestations in the country of China, India and Turk , Finally, the third and final section was devoted to the economic aspects of this country , The research then concluded after that with a conclusion summarizing the research and its results , This was followed by a detailed outline of the basic sources and secondary references from which they were reported.Study of sources It is obvious to those who study the subject as the subject of this thesis , The researcher should not expect to find his scientific article in a wide range of ancient primary sources , because This type of studies and research , Have been shown only at very close intervals in comparison to other studies and research , Hence, the authoritative source on which this study is based is Al - Marowzi's own book (Tba'e Alhaywan) , And is the real source and solid foundation on which this study was built , It is from this book that information was extracted and conclusions drawn , And devising ideas , And building judgments and observations , Therefore, the reader will notice the frequency of the name of the book and its articles and chapters frequently , During the chapters and sections of this study

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الطبرسي (ت548هـ) واثره في تدوين السيرة النبوية : دراسة في منهجه ومورده == The Effect.Of Al Tubrasi (548H) In Notation The Biography Of Prophet Mohammed : A Study In His Process And Resources

Author name: سلوى حسن عيدان الحسناوي

Supervisor name: هاشم ناصر حسين الكعبي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: Al Tebrisi is an author of the fifthly century who took much care with conveying historical events, in particular, the prophet's biography ( Seira). He had an explicit method in conveying the prophet's biography in all science fields when he classified and not only in history. That means, transferring them into interpretation books through explaining the Quranic Aya or through clarifying reasons behind descending the Quranic ayas, beside philology books that imply the prophet's biography (peace be upon him ). Through mentioning the philological issues, he talked about the historical accidents that relate to the prophet's life( peace be upon him ). He devoted some historical books to the prophet's biography and conveyed whatever relate to the prophet's life( peace be upon him )starting from his affinity to his death. In conveying the prophet's biography, he depended on several references which were divided into two groups. The first group includes the explicit such as the narrators and books. The second group includes the implicit which were mentioned as vocabularies, some of these like (it was mentioned by, it was said, …) and other items that was mentioned without a narrator or a book that refer to knowing the resource. The study was divided into three chapters preceded by introduction and followed by conclusion. The first chapter was entitled (Al Tebrisi's era, life, and the scientific status). It has three sections. The first section was entitled Al Tebrisi's era. The second dealt with his life. The third was about his scientific status. The second chapter tackled the study (Al Tebrisi's resources of the prophet's biography. It has three sections. The first was entitled Al Tebrisi's reasons in the prophet's biography in the two books (Ilam Al Wara Be Ilam We Taj Al Muwaleed ). The second dealt with Al Tebrisi's resources of the prophet's biography in books of interpretation (Isbab Al Nezoul, Mejmah Al Beyan Fe Tefseir Al Quran, and Tefseir Jewamih Al Jamih ). The third mentioned Al Tebrisi's reasons in the prophet's biography in the two books of philology (Al Adab Al Deneyh and Al Muitelif Min Al Mukhtelif bein Iemet Al Selef ). The third chapter was devoted to study (Al Tebrisi's approach in the prophet's biography. It has three sections. The first dealt with Al Tebrisi's approach in the prophet's biography in the two books (Ilam Al Wara we taj Al Muwleed ). The second dealt with Al Tebrisi's approach in the prophet's biography in the interpretation books (Isbab Al Nezoul, Mejmah Al Beyan Fe Tefseir Al Quran,and Jewamih Al Jamih ). The third mentioned Al Tebrisi's approach in the prophet's biography in the two books (Al Adab Al Deneyh and Al Muitelif Min Al Mukhtelif bein Iemet Al Selef

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التطورات السياسية الداخلية في العراق 1973 - 1979 م == Internal Political Developments In Iraq 1973 - 1979 AD

Author name: علي صالح عباس الحسناوي

Supervisor name: رحيم عبد الحسين عباس

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

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Abstract: The political side occupied , an important place in the history of peoples, due to his close involvement in the progress of nations and communities, so this study tagged come : (internal political developments in Iraq from 1973 to 1979) to shed light on this important aspect of the history of the Iraqi people, especially the mentioned period has not been studied Academically in Iraqi universities, and a lot of researchers and students avoided it , because of fear of a lack of documents or to avoid to delve into sensitive things according to their point of view, because we are still very near era to the above mentioned period, the researcher decided to go into this fields despite the caveats mentioned, because the period I studied may It marked by events that cast a noisy events on the subsequent stages of the history of modern Iraq, so it worth's studying. Nature of the study imposed that we take from the subject approach to search across the message that began with an introductory chapter we dealt with the internal political developments in Iraq between (1968 and 1973) we have passed on those developments quickly to clarify the picture to the reader regarding the roots of many of the events of the period Research topic. Thesis is divided into five chapters and an epilogue, as well as the introduction, the first chapter came, an introductory chapter we refered to it earlier, entitled : (internal political developments in Iraq, 1968 - 1973) and included four axes first of them allocated to discuss the events of 17th of July coup in 1968, while taking the second the situation the Baath Party government to ward opposition forces, and the third dealt with the government's towards the Kurdish issue, and the fourth talked about the attempt of Abdul Ghani Al - Rawi coup of 1970 and the attempt of Nadhim ikzar coup which take place in 1973. The second chapter, studied the following address : (Native and National Progressive Front 1973 - 1979) As it is clear from the title, it dealt with the formation of the Native and the National Progressive Front in 1973, and it was the period in which the study began , and the chapter distributes on two sections devoted first to form the front and the second deveted the conflict of Baathist and communist and the collapse of the Front. the third chapter discuss the developments of the Kurdish issue under the title of : (Kurdish issue 1973 - 1979) and split on two divisions touched first Kurdish issue since 1973 until the outbreak of war between the Kurds and the government in April 1974, and the second dealt with the Kurdish issue since the outbreak of the war in 1974 and the defeat of the Kurds in 1975 and the rest of the developments of the Kurdish issue until 1979. Devoted the fourth quarter to study uprising of Najaf in 1977 and 1979, and was chosen to him the following address : (Uprisings of Najaf in 1977 and 1979) and split on two topics included the first of which four axes and set aside to discuss the uprising of Najaf in 1977 by addressing the direct and indirect and events and their consequences to their causes, the same thing was pulled on the second topic, but it was three axes. The chapter Five studied the ministerial changes in the period of study and have been allocated the first section of the chapter, and the chapter dealt with the exclusion of Ahmed Hassan al - Bakir from the power and the assumption of Saddam Hussein events in 1979 and this the event in which concluded the study and allocated a second section, came the chapter entitled : (Changes ministerial 1973 - 1979 and the exclusion of Ahmed Hassan al - Bakr from the power). In conclusion it included the most important conclusions that emerged from the study

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الوحيد البهبهاني دراسة في سيرته واثاره العلمية والاجتماعية == Al - Wahid Al - Bahbahani In His Study Of Scientific And Social Impact

Author name: زينب خالد عبد الغني عزوز الياسري

Supervisor name: عدي حاتم عبد الزهرة المفرجي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

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Author name: محمد هاشم حسين ناصر الحمداني

Supervisor name: اياد عبد الحسين صيهود الخفاجي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

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التحليل المكاني لتملح التربة في قضاء الهندية واثره في انتاج المحاصيل الحقلية == The Spatial Analysis Of The Soil Salinity In Al - Hindiyah District And Its Impact On The Production Of The Field Crops

Author name: دعاء عباس رشيد جاسم الطرفي

Supervisor name: سلمى عبد الرزاق عبد لايذ الشبلاوي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Applied Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: تعد مشكلة تملح الاراضي من اهم المشاكل التي تعاني منها الزراعة في المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة التي هي اثمن الاراضي, حيث تحد من زراعة الكثير من المحاصيل , اذ ينجم عنها هجرة الاراضي الزراعية المتملحة وزيادة الضغط على الاراضي الاقل تملحا واستغلالها بشكل كبير , | Soil salinity is one of the most important problems that faces agriculture in the dry and semi - dry areas which are the most precious lands for their ability to be planted with more than one crop yearly in addition to the ease of their exploiting.That problem (soil salinity ) limits the planting of a lot of crops leading to the migration of the salty agricultural lands , the increase of the pressure on the lands with less salinity ,and exploiting them largely that results in the deterioration of the soil qualities as well as its organic materials which are important for the plant growth. The salinity problem has even taken a global impact that interests the researchers in agriculture and plants production for its close connection with the source of humans food. Accordingly, this study intends to know the effect of the geographical factors (the human and the natural) on the salinity of Al - Hindiyah district lands and point out the most prominent factors that lead to the appearance as well as the growth of that problem. Throughout its chapters, the thesis has found out that the geographical ingredients in that area have paved the way for the appearance of that problem. The climate in those areas is dry where there is an increase in the temperatures and lack of the rain falling that are accompanied by evaporation during Summer.All this leads to the appearance of salinity in addition to the weathering processes that are regarded as a source for most ions which are the components of salts especially the sedimentary rock. Furthermore, the other natural factors also have helped in the appearance of that problem such as the regression and the geological structure. The study reveals that the type of water (the surface and ground water) which is used in the irrigation process contains a rate of salts.After examining the water taken from the area under study and according to the American salinity standard, it is found out that the irrigation water belongs to (C3, C4) criteria which is not used in irrigation process without the availability of specific conditions (network puncture). The appearance of seepage problem in some provinces of the areas under study results from the inefficiency of the brook padding material as it comes across cracking and breaking processes that cause water filtration.This, in its turn, leads to the increase of ground water levels , its rising by capillary property , and then its deposition on the structure after evaporation leaving salts. The human factors , in addition to the natural ones , also play a vital role in the salinity problem.The researcher's direct observation as well as the questionnaire form show that leaving the land without agriculture ,using the christa perfusion ,enlarging of Summer agriculture , and the much use of fertilizers have a great effect in the growth of salinity problem in addition to the bad human administration for water and soil. The difference in the effect of those factors (natural and human ) leads also to the difference in saline soils distribution in the area under study.Such difference has appeared either among those three administrative units (District Centre ,Aljadwal Alghrby ,and AL - Kyratt) or in the administrative unit itself. Lastly, the study shows the direct and in direct impacts of salinity (soil, water) on the lands and the production of agricultural crops (field crops). According to those conclusions, some solutions and suggestions have been recommended to treat the salinity problem and it is possible to apply them on lands to reclaim soil again

تحليل العلاقات المكانية لوفيات الاطفال الرضع في محافظة كربلاء للمدة (1997 - 2014م) == Analysis Of Spatial Relationships Of Infant Mortality In Karbala Cover Narrate For A Proud (1997 - 2014)

Author name: حيدر محمد زغير الكريطي

Supervisor name: احمد حمود محيسن السعدي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: Dealt with this athisis (the analysis of spatial relationships of infant mortality in the cover norate of Karbala, for the period (1997 - 2014). It stems importance of this issue from being one of the important indicators which measure the extent of the development of the state in various fields, whether economic, social or health, so the purpose of this study to estimate the size of the infant mortality rate in the province of Karbala and distributed geographically according to the problem of administrative units of the province, whether this distribution annually, according to the study period or seasonally as well, as well as the knowledge of the most important pathogenic causes of infant mortality, whether biological potential or environmental, as well as the most important demographic, economic and social variables affecting on the size of the infant mortality rate in the province of Karbala. To achieve these goals require the researcher data that will help in achieving the desired objectives of the collection and the office work first steps researcher at the stages of data collection which included an inventory and review of the sources, research and topographic maps, as well as official data and statistics collection from ministries and departments related to the subject of the study, it is known The vital statistics are always marred by inaccuracies and shortages and uncertainty, particularly with regard to the statistics of the small Territories, so it makes it imperative for the researcher not adopted dramatically In light of this, the researcher adopted in bridging the lack of such data on a field study, which was started researcher 01/12/2014 and ended on 20 / 3/2015 Any The field study four months continued , During this period, the required data collection through field visits , both for hospitals or primary health care centers and the registration of births and deaths offices in the districts of the province centers as well as other services related to the study , in addition to the design of the questionnaire supplement form (1) that it has been designed on the study area which were distributed ( 1000 ) form a random manner of a subsidiary of the study area and administrative units according to the environment based on the ration card data in Karbala province accessory (2) as limited and numbering to 2009 data. It was relying on descriptive analytical method and approach in the search merits of this subject and treatment of different angles and dimensions and trends as well as the use of a quantitative method has been used standard class which are determined by the relationship accurately and distribute any demographic phenomenon according to levels where reveal how far the phenomenon from the middle of arithmetic, also has been used simple correlation coefficient (Pearson) to determine the degree of relationship between the variables through the use of statistical program (spss) (Statistical bag of Social Sciences) for the purpose of clarifying the impact of the independent variables in the dependent variable (the phenomenon of the study) in order to get out real explanations for infant mortality and spatial distribution in the province of Karbala. The study found that the size of the infant mortality in the city of Karbala and during the period (1997 - 2013) stood at ( 19 877 ) thousand deaths has got an average of 1242 and the death of a distributed during the years ( 1997 - 2013 ) , and using equation ( William Brass ) to correct the infant mortality rate is the total number of deaths to ( 25 850 ) thousand deaths with an average of ( 1561 ) deaths , as well as the study revealed the superiority of the male deaths to female deaths in all years of the study , the study also found that infant mortality in the first Chehrhm more than infant mortality from the age of one month to one year and sometimes up to double the number of female deaths. The main causes of the study that recorded as cases causing infant mortality is (respiratory diseases, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the weight loss, and diseases of bacterial blood poisoning, and congenital malformations) and different ratios of these diseases during the years of study diseases of the weight loss and blood diseases poisoning Bacterial diseases of the digestive system was one of the most important diseases causing infant mortality in 1997 down to 2003 but after these years differed relative diseases and recorded new diseases most important congenital malformations, which began their rates to rise year after year, diarrheal diseases and other diseases that recorded after 2003 diseases up to 2013 m. The results of the study and also by using Pearson correlation coefficient that there is a strong and real virtual link between most of the variables adopted by the study as independent variables affect the infant mortality that variable. The study also showed that the infant mortality rate RPR contrast either spatially or seasonally or annually during the years of the study

تقييم كفاءة خدمات التعليم الجامعي (الاهلي) في محافظة كربلاء وابعاده الحضرية == Efficiency Assess Of Higher Education (Private) In Karbala Province And The Urban Dimensions

Author name: اسامة احمد عبد الصاحب المسعودي

Supervisor name: رياض كاظم سلمان الجميلي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The study focused in its objectives and approach used to study higher education services (private) in Karbala province, to assess the efficiency and the spatial distribution of these services in the province, analysis and Identify the suitability of this distribution with the requirements of the population and gathering their essential needs of this service, focusing on the reality of the human and geographical indications for this service, and the statement of its impact on urban System of the Karbala city. Depending on results of the study using a variety of scientific methods mainly based on a field study which this service institutions included each of the (University of Ahl al - Bayt, Ibn Hayyan College, Alsfwa college, AL - Hussein engineering college and AL - tuff college), as well as the analysis many of the quality standards set by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and compare it with the reality of these indicators where, Area, number of students in the lecture hall, providing conferences and seminars hall, libraries, sport stadiums, and student clubs, utilities and private, medical clinics, the lecturers ratio to the number of students, in order to assess the efficiency of this service, and the use of stylistic standard distance and presumption closest to know how these institutions are distributed as well as many quantitative and statistical methods as a parameter the link and the coefficient of linear regression of many of the service variables neighbor, as well as the use of a standard degree of satisfaction with the service and students easy access index. It was clear that these institutions did not achieve high efficiency in the provision of standards stipulated by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, the Greatly lack in the space allotted for the students of the total area of the educational institution, as well as the lack of open spaces and green spaces and the lack of references in libraries and the lack of health clinics as well as for lack of dormitories in most of these institutions, despite the recognition by the ministry, but they did not achieve the appropriate amount of these criteria, either for their geographical distribution was suffering from a random and irregular. As it turns out that the number of students enrolled in the study which formed 2.5% of the total age group at the age of university study (18 - 24 years) in the province, either for reasons that prompted students to study at private colleges found that 34% of the number of students preferred to study the result of the availability of scientific disciplines that they wish to study, such as law, pharmacy, dentistry, and the (65%) of the students preferred to study there as a result of dissatisfaction with the central admission in government institutions, in spite of higher wages for study in some of these sections , function as a pharmacy and dentistry department. The ease of access for students University of folks index recorded the highest in the House easily accessible by (49%) of the students who live less than 5 km distance near the University. As for the time spent on the trip was the Ahl al - Bayt University the best of these institutions, as recorded percentage (62%) of the students, they may take 30 minutes of time. Clear imbalance in the public transport efficiency also scored in the province where we recorded 73% of students are using private transport in the trip to university, that an indicator of the weakness of public transport in the province. Degree of satisfaction with the standard of service provided to students in institutions degree of satisfaction with the service provided to them varied as it was the highest percentages refer to the satisfaction of students from AL - tuff college and the lowest ratios indicate AL - Hussein Engineering College. As for the urban effects of these institutions, these institutions have influenced the urban structure of the city of Karbala, as a result attracted many of the usages of urban, making it a pole of the poles of growth in the province, and highlights the urban role through the change of use of agricultural land to other uses where the transformation (69.1) acres of farmland to education usage (89.5%) and trade (4.3%) and transportation (6.2%), from land were changed due to the introduction of higher education institutions (private) in the province. It emerged from the results of the field study that Alsfwa college has a wider functional region between these institutions as up percentage of students who are studying in from outside the province to 35.2% of the total students number, either Ibn Hayyan College (2.8%), Al Hussein Engineering College (1.5%), AL - tuff college (1.3%), and the University of Ahl al - Bayt minimum number of students from outside the province (1%), at the whole it has included the functional region career to this service all Iraqi provinces except governorates (Erbil and Dohuk), it is an indication the importance of this type of education in increasing the interdependence of all parts of the country and create a state of cultural and social communication between members of Iraqi society.

تقييم جغرافي لستراتيجية الامن القومي العراقي للعام 2007 - 2010 == A Geographical Evaluation Of The Iraqi National Security Strategy For The Years 2007 - 2010

Author name: جواد صالح مهدي النعماني

Supervisor name: عبد العباس فضيخ

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The current study, which is entitled (A Geographical Evaluation of the Iraqi National Security strategy for the Years 2007 - 2010) aims at evaluating the security strategy put for Iraq for the years 2007 - 2010 and measuring it by the scale of Geo - political geography principles that have contributed , and still do, in drawing the features of internal and external strategic milieu for Iraq. The study presents a major problem that can be summed up in a question about the extent to which markers of security strategy for the requirements of geo - political geography and external variables depend as fundamental basis in this level of strategic planning. The study started from the hypothesis that the Iraqi national security strategy (2007 - 2010) had not taken those variables and requirements into consideration; besides, the geo - political principles of strength and weakness had not been considered, which resulted in the weakness of this strategy and the limitation of its chances of success. The study aims at evaluating one of the most recent, comprehensive, and significant experiences in Iraq pertaining strategic and security planning through highlighting the natural and humane basis on which this type of strategic planning depends, so as to reveal the points of strength as well as weakness to help elevate the level of strategic awareness to fulfill the tasks of homeland security and defence in the future. For achieving this aim, the researcher has relied on the analytical approach and the morphological approach (to a lesser extent) for the state power. The research plan included an introduction and four chapters. Chapter one investigated the conceptual frames of national security strategy. Chapter two tackled the elements of Iraqi natural geography and its influence on Iraqi national security and the extent of relying on it in building a security strategy. Chapter three discussed the elements of Iraqi human geography and their influence on Iraqi national security and the extent of relying on them in building the security strategy. While the last chapter shed light on the external variables within the strategic environment surrounding Iraq and the balance of international and regional forces and their impact on Iraqi regional and national security and whether they were taken into consideration during formulating Iraqi security strategy. The salient conclusion of the study is that Iraqi national security strategy is not up to the level of a comprehensive security strategy, rather, it can be considered as a spontaneous tactic or a political maneuver for a limited time; as it lacks the most important basis of comprehensive security strategic planning represented by the geo - political requirements of the state. Moreover, it showed an obvious deficiency in comprehensive strategic planning due to the absence of a strategic vision that relies on a realistic geo - political perception of points of strength that can be employed to achieve and foster external as well as internal Iraqi security, or points of weakness that have been contributing in the collapse of the Iraqi security system, in addition to the absence of a clear strategic vision in drawing features of Iraqi foreign policy according to a geo - political perception of the balance of regional and international forces, in a way that contributes in achieving regional and national security of Iraq, granting the country a decent regional and international position. This had resulted in the weakness and deficiency of it.

Author name: هيام فاضل فتاح حميد الدهش

Supervisor name: رياض محمد علي عودة المسعودي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-The-impact-of-immigration-in-the-changing-Agricultural-land-use-of-the-city-of-Kerbala-Outskirts-to2005-2015A.D.pdf.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: ترمي دراسة انماط استعمالات الارض الزراعية لاطراف مدينة كربلاء بمقاطعاتها الاربعة (الفريحة, الزبيلية, باب الخان, والعباسية) للكشف عن التباين الجغرافي لانماط استعمالات الارض الزراعية في منطقة الدراسة لسنة 2015م واتجاهات نموها وتطورها ومعرفة التغيرات التي حد | Designed study uses agricultural land for the parties to the city of Karbala patterns Bmqatatha four (AL - Fariha ,AL - Zubaylah, Bab Al Khan, and AL - Abbasid) for the detection of geographical variation patterns uses of agricultural land in the study area for the year 2015 and the trends of their growth and development and knowledge of the changes that have occurred, and the impact of immigration factor in this distribution as well to reach a number of indicators and proposals which benefit planners and decision - makers from the preparation of plans and programs of development of appropriate and necessary for the advancement of the existing agricultural land uses and find ways to improve them in the future. The main problem raised by the study is how it influenced the phenomenon of migrant agricultural existing pattern on the outskirts of the city of Karbala immigration and what the quality of that impact you had a negative or positive, and why. Are there any other factors that contributed to the changing patterns of agricultural land uses in the area.The researcher relied on the assumption that the existence of a significant impact of immigration on the plant and animal production process (agricultural style) on the outskirts of the city of Karbala. And it had a positive impact in the agricultural activity. As well as the presence of other factors contributed to the change of agricultural land use geographical patterns like the factors (natural and human).The study aimed to analyze the reality of agricultural land uses patterns in the study area within the framework of the understanding and interpretation of the current situation. And knowledge of the change in agricultural land use patterns in the study area. And what degree the impact of immigration in the agricultural land uses patterns in the region. And the impact of other geographical factors (natural and human) in agricultural land use patterns in the regionIn order to reach the goal of study is based researcher Research Methodology descriptive in the review of the reality of uses of agricultural land patterns, and the methodology of statistical analysis (quantitative) for the analysis of data collected in order to determine the impact of immigration worker inflows in the changing agricultural patterns in the study area, in conjunction with the dependence on the field study and personal interviews, and Form questionnaire. As this study was mainly based on the percentages dramatically for being a simple statistical methods and give clear indications. And it adopted the percentage change in determining the direction of a positive or negative change between the base year and the comparative year in agricultural land uses patterns.The study included four chapters, with an introduction, include the introduction study problem and premise and purpose and justification and the limits of the study and its stages and structural study and studies similar The first chapter dealt with the theoretical framework for the study came in three sections addressing the first part, the concept of immigration, types and sources of data migration and methods of measurement and motives of migration and its implications singled out the second concept agricultural patterns and types of third section dealt with the concept of agricultural land uses and types as well as some related concepts uses of agricultural landThe second chapter came Bembgesan dealt with the first part, the study of the natural factors of the site and the surface and the installation of a geologist and climate and water resources and soils and their impact on uses of agricultural land patterns while the second section came to study human factors affecting land use and agricultural patterns explaining what the region has seen developments in employment Agricultural in technical factors and patterns of irrigation, transport and agricultural policy, while the third chapter study the reality of the geographical distribution of patterns uses of agricultural land in the study area for the year 2015 and came Bembgesan I dealt with the geographical distribution of patterns uses of agricultural land devoted to the production and vegetable intake second part, the geographical distribution of patterns uses allocated to agricultural land in animal productionThe fourth chapter to study the uses of agricultural land patterns change in the study area between 2005 and 2015 came in three sections deal with the first part, Tgbr uses of agricultural land patterns between 2005 and 2015 and taking the second topic the role of immigration in the agricultural, industrial and commercial activity came third section explaining the most important future directions of the study area The study conclusions and recommendations over.The most important finding is that there are positive changes in agricultural land use patterns in the study area between 2005 and 2015, and the biggest reason is due to the incoming migration. Reaching change ratio (87.9%) and vary the degree of change between the crop and the last, according to the factors affecting the crop

التقييم الجغرافي للمشاريع الزراعية الحكومية في محافظة كربلاء == Geographical Evaluation To The Government Agricultural Projects In Kabala The

Author name: وفاء حسين علي ثامر الحسناوي

Supervisor name: سلمى عبد الرزاق عبد لايذ الشبلاوي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Geographical-Evaluation-to-the-Government-agricultural-projects-in-kabala.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The attempt investment desert spaces of in Karbala to do many government agricultural projects especially that Karbala has many geographical elements include : plain land,a flat surface, a water resource (ground and surface) but what hinders the investment process is the government financial allocations have been which represent the only reason for its reservation0 The thesis discussed the natural characteristics and their direct and indirect influences to do the agricultural projects in Karbala aiming at analysing geologicad changings analysis and show the deflection to the climate characteristics ,the land and the kind of irrigation water0 Human characteristics and its role for the establishment of government agricultural project in Karbala are discussed where the man has role can’t be ignored in the establishment of the agricultural project and its continuation as well as the use of fertilizer and pesticides and irrigation method in an orderly and thoughtful way0 The reality of the government agricultural projects and their spatial distribution on the level of administrative units to Karbala and varied area and set up stages and objectives of which were also discussed0 The study also discussed the coherence and correlation of natural and human characteristics in Karbala for the purpose of production of the so - called success agriculture project through several statistical methods (T - tests,spread sheet, the correlation coefficient of variation , standard class,the statistical model0 In the lights of obtained data study concluded at the possibility of Investing vast desert spaces and use the to set up agricultural projects (environmental, research, extension) to turn the desert surround in Karbala to green areas in additions to aesthetic touch of the province ,as well as guidance and counseling for farmers to correct methods in agriculture and breeding domestic animals to promote the reality this is what gives the agricultural possibilities and opportunities for new development and investment in future0

التباين المكاني للتركيب التعليمي في محافظة كربلاء : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == The Spatial Variation Of Education Structure In Kerbala Governorate(( A Study In Population Geography))

Author name: جنات رضا محمد الياسري

Supervisor name: احمد حمود محيسن السعدي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Demographics

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-The-spatial-variation-of-education-structure-in-Kerbala-Governorate-a-study-in-population-Geography.pdf.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: This study is aiming at recognizing the education structure and the most variables that influencing the educational structure differences to the population of Karbala province , and exploring the variation factor of that structure among the administrative units, also recognizing the changes that happened to the educational structure between the years(2003 - 2013) related to the study area, especially after the events of 2003. Thus this study is considered of most significant in discovering the distribution of the areas of educational levels using many scientific methods that are depending on the field study, which is including Institution providing this service, In addition to using several statistical means like(Standard Equation). This study shows that there is a variation in school enrollment ratio for male students ,amounted at (27%) and female students rated at (2,1%) for the primary stage of the academic year (2003 - 2004) and a decrease in their rate to (4.3%) for males ,and ( 3,7%) for females for the academic year (2003 - 2004), with a decrease in the school enrollment ratio for female students to (2,4%) at secondary stage in comparison with the rate of male amounted at (3,9%) for the academic year (2003 - 2004) with continuous increasing in the male rate to (8,4%) in comparison with the female that is amounted at (6,3%) for the academic year (2012 - 2013) with an increase of enrollment ratio for females who joined the university education and post graduate studies. The study shows also a huge increase of illiteracy at cities in comparison with Countryside for all Administrative Units due to shortage of services at Karbala s countryside ,in addition to decrease in the rate of illiterate at Karbala from (23,8%) to (20,4%) for the period of (2003 - 2013). The study also found a variation in the rate of failure and leakage at the Primary , Secondary and University and technology education at Karbala province, we found that their rate increase at secondary stage in comparison with the rest of stages whereas their rate amounted at (21,4%) of flunking and (16,6%) for Dropout in comparison with primary Education that their rate is amounted at (15,7%) of flunking and (5,5%) for Dropout. The study clarifies the decrease of educational level rate according to the sort of education especially Bachelor degree and postgraduate levels, in addition a higher increase of the people who has the primary certificate and up at cities in comparison to countryside areas between (2003 - 2013).The study clarifies also increasing of educational levels at Karbala province center for the period(2003 - 2013) and grand decrease of educational levels rate at AEN AL - TAMOUR District for the same period. This study also recognized the distance and time that students need to go forth and back forth from the educational institution , University or Institute back to their homes.the study explains the vacillation of people environment distribution in Cities and Countryside at Karbala province ,and Distribution of employees rate within the province and the correlation between these factors and student joining and acquiring certification

تقييم كفاءة مواقف السيارات في مدينة كربلاء ومتطلباتها المكانية == Efficiency Assessment Of Car Parks In Kerbala City And Its Spatial Requirements

Author name: مروة فاضل عبيد الموسوي

Supervisor name: رياض كاظم سلمان الجميلي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Geography of Cities

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The current study with its aims and adopted method concentrated on studying a significant part of civil transportation system and the most important civil services in the city focusing on the most available services in the city in general that serve the city population. Its target is the spatial distributional study for these city services. that is by knowing the extent of suitability of this distribution to population requirements and responding to their future needs. Through the results achieved by the study by using number of designed and space measurements depending highly on the field study and field survey process that compromised car parks in the Holy Kerbala for the year (2016) relying on number of reliable plan standards when estimating the need of each use of these city services. This is in addition to studying these parks in Kerbala city by its relation with other old city sectors and services available in the car parks. This is in addition to knowing city needs for these services. Number of these parks reached to( 73) among other parks available in Kerbala city as well as limiting proportion of each service inside the parks through the results that the researcher reached at. It was found that the city suffers from missing these services beside knowing the spatial directions that are taken by these parks. It was noticed through the study that most car parks gathered in the old city center and most city uses that affect distributing these parks in the religious use. This justifies the cause behind gathering parks close to the city center particularly in Maithem Attemar street. Thus, the religious factor plays a basic role in distributing those services of the city. So, the car parks of the old city formed proportion reached to (49) car parks of the total number. Proportion of these parks lessen in Al Haideryah and Al Jezerah districts. This justifies shortage of parks in this sector to misplan of these parks when there are no city basic designs. There is also no estimation for the real need for future city needs to these services

التباين المكاني لحالات الزواج والطلاق لسكان محافظة كربلاء للمدة من 2005 - 2016 == Spatial Variation Of Marriages And Divorces Of The Population Of The Province Of Karbala, For The Period Of 2015 - 2016

Author name: رؤوف رحمن رمضان الخفاجي

Supervisor name: احمد حمود محيسن السعدي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Human Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

التحليل المكاني لمشاريع العتبتين المطهرتين وابعادها التنموية في محافظة كربلاء المقدسة == The Locatire Analysis of The Two Shrines Projects In The Holy Kerbala Governorate And Their Deveropemental Dimensions

Author name: اسراء علي حسين علي الهنداوي

Supervisor name: سمير فليح حسن الميالي

General topic: Geography

Specific topic: Natural Geography

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Geography

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Author name: عماد طالب موسى جاسم

Supervisor name: عادل نذير بيري الحساني

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Author name: عـماد كاظـم خـضـير العـبـيـدي

Supervisor name: سعيد عدنان المحنة

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

اثر المثال المصنوع في التحليل النحوي في كتاب الخصائص لابن جني (ت392هـ) : دراسة تحليلية == The Constructed Example And Its Influence On The Semantic Analysis, " Al Khasais" Book By Ibn Jinni ( Born392 H.) As An Example

Author name: حسين داخل مرزة الاسدي

Supervisor name: خالد عباس حسين السياب

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The constructed example and its Influence on the Semantic Analysis, " Al Khesais" book by Ibn Jini ( born392 H.) as an example. "Al Khesais" book is one of the publication that searched the origin of Arabic. Since Ibin Jini was talkative, he used to resort to the constructed example. He tried to find reasons that led him to employ the constructed grammatical example and its influence on grammar issues in"Al Khesais" book with presence of the witness. The study plan consisted of a preface preceded by an introduction, three chapters followed by conclusion that contained the most important results. The study ended technical indices. The preface has two sections. The first is an overview on the constructed example, linguistically and terminologically. It was ended with non - grammatical dimension which was implied in some constructed examples. The second dealt with method followed by Ibin Jini concerning features of the constructed example. The first chapter was entitled " introducing and delaying". It was divided into three sections. The first mentioned introducing and delaying in the nominal sentence and its similarities. The second mentioned introducing and delaying concerning the verb, subject, its auxiliary, and the object. The third discussed introducing and delaying in different grammatical concepts. The second chapter which was entitled ' deleting and ellipsis" Was divided into three sections too. The first discussed issues relating to the active and the deleted. The second maintained issues concerning the mentioned active. The third had issues in noun deleting. The third chapter dealt with " different linguistic issues". It is divided into two sections. The first discussed issues relating to nouns while the second dealt with issues relating to the letters. The following points have been drawn : 1.Implying the constructed example in the grammatical lesson is a basic step forward to minds till reaching understanding. That's because it is a required method works to facilitate meaning comprehension for Arabic grammar learners.2. Ibin Jini worked for agreeing between the constructed example may be considered as the only means that Ibin Jini used in the light of the constructed example in this respect touched the language articulation reality and not that said by the speaker.3. The constructed example sometimes expresses its owner's thought. He either states his grammatical school or about an opinion he worked hard. Thus, the example will be a prominent sign and clear title referring to his owner's thought pointing to that base.4. The constructed example used by Ibin Jini took grammatical dimensions - in some issues. The example expressed ideas of society. The social context factor was important for its complexity as the verb ellipsis not in order and denial that the social context displayed. Therefore, the grammatical constructed examples are regarded a source for the linguistic use that express ideas of society. Be these examples and others, Ibin Jini could accord between the grammatical thought and the social context.

اثر الرصافي في الجواهري

Author name: خلود ثعبان يوسف الاسدي

Supervisor name: سعيد عدنان المحنة

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Author name: امينة ثعبان يوسف نجد الاسدي

Supervisor name: عدنان محمد ال طعمة

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

المنهج في الخطاب النقدي العراقي المعاصر : تجربة رحمن غركان اختيارا 2003 - 2016م == The Method In Iraqi Contemporary Critic Attempt Of Rahman Gharkan Selectively 2003 - 2016 A.D.

Author name: صالح مجيد علي الخزرجي

Supervisor name: خضير عباس درويش

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: This study has concluded to a group of results briefly mention as follows : The critical method represents a main element which the critical literature based to reach through to goal from reading that work art of this , the method has been distributed in Iraqi Contemporary Critic two paths : firstly the research method that take the critical literature data at its subjective and art possibilities , this become widespread in academic thesis especially when the researcher or the study deals with literature or literature phenomena or critical case, the dissertations and thesis represent that studies specific cases (subjective art) a model in functioning the literature curriculum, secondly the critical methods that based on dialogue between a particular work art and critical mind in the light of specified critical method , there are four methods used widely that the contemporary Iraqi critic impacted of western methods. so that , known : stylistic critic on multi methods and constructional critic on also multi methods , cinematography critic on vary theories then literature critic on differential set forth. The poesy critic dominates on other prose arts in the contemporary Iraqi critic due to domination the poesy literature on the awareness critic from a part and abundance poesy production , quantitatively and qualitatively from other side. besides the richness of old Arabic critic record by deal with critic poesy. The Iraqi critic beware also researcher and studying to the importance of the critic term conducting with all doctrine apart and connecting with each arts a part , the term in poesy language different from tale or story , thus in other arts and terms in constructional different in stylistic and as in other doctrines. The critical studies are similar in academic critic particularly those using as methods : stylistic , constructional , cinematography or rhetorical , ways to reading works art then similar studies that read : poetry image or poetry language or constructing presentation personality or arguments. this due to little number of diligent critics , large number of studying or familiar researchers which making create new rarely , spreading the familiar or repetitions as familiar. Rahman Gharkan's critic mostly deal with other arts critic, between twenty two books as sample of this study on the poetry as subject for twenty books some of them for other arts and second rank which the tale , story , the play , the sculpture , music and art construction , for the critic art distributed on four books. The stylistic doctrine presented in critical speech of Rahman Gharkan through four books which are the stylistic as being method as describe doctrine and method of Arabic eloquence , the standard of rhetorical method and the components of the stylistics the poetry column for the rhetorical method represents three books which are : Arabic rhetorical theory , the rhetorical critic method and lectures of the rhetorical teaching , most the rhetorical books have the known teaching method in Arabic rhetoric. He was remarked by the new critic method theorization and applied in books (constructive method in view of procedures / towards suggested method in reading the text and receive the meaning ) whereas this method present five forms of application is constrictive structural readings in five arts which are poetry at the second chapter , story art in the third chapter, tale art at the fourth chapter , theater art in fifth chapter , narrative art in sixth chapter , to concluded to possibility to apply6 in other arts. The application prevail on theorizing at the critic speech for Rahman Gharkan so that he was caring with application data of critic method by making critic procedure at his work art mostly attend the literature's methods. His language characterizes with the critical term level also on descriptive and analysis to affiliate to the method so that the method's language was rhetoric : term and analysis other than stylistic method language. His traditional reference composes of his critic mind attended impact and deep impact on imported reference and his using the Arabic tradition most effective of the modern western critic. The method represents a significant sign of his work that produced six books : the tools of curriculum readings and stylistic as being a doctrine, doctrine's language , talk's doctrine and its standards of methodology , the critic rhetoric, and composition's doctrine from view to procedure. At Rahman Gharkan's critic speech in his written in 2017 another field for study other than its specialization in this study : The critic term in critic speech for Rahman Gharkan's and the text materials at speech critic and written language for him.

جمالية المفردة والتركيب في مكاتيب الامامين جعفر الصادق وموسى الكاظم عليهما السلام == Aesthetics Of The Word And Expression In The Two Imams' Correspondence, Ja'Afer Al Sadiq And Musa Al Kadhim ( P.B.U.T)

Author name: حسين فاضل عيسى الحلو

Supervisor name: جنان منصور كاظم الجبوري

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: تداخل مفهوم الجمال مع النقد والفلسفة والفن والبلاغة، ولكنه كسب استقلاله في الدراسات الحديثة فهذه الدراسات قد اعطت ابعاده النهائية حتى بات للجمال مذاهب ومدارس، وتحول الاهتمام بالجمال من الجوانب الفلسفية الى المذاهب الادبية والنقدية.يحاول البحث الكشف عن جم | Aesthetics concept interfered with criticism, philosophy, arts, and eloquence. But it gained its independence in the modern studies, for these studies gave its ultimate dimension, to the extent that it has own ideologies and schools. The interest in aesthetics transferred from the philosophical sides to the literary and critical ideologies. The study tries to discover the word aesthetics and its manifestation hints in the construction by selecting a traditional text and still keeping with a lot of aesthetic and virtual elements. The study tries, in addition to its induction and observation for aesthetic elements in the text, to understand the aesthetic philosophy in content from the function and goal sides, whether it is psychological, social, and so on. Nature of the subject demanded that the study is divided into an introduction, preface, three chapters, conclusion, and a list of references. Concerning the preface, it was entitled ' an introduction to aestheticism with a definition of correspondence'. It was divided into two branches. The first was entitled ' an introduction to aestheticism : roots and concepts'. It tackles some topics such as emergence and definition of the concept in the Old Greek and Arab studies. Then, it stated the concept - aestheticism - in the modern studies. The second part of the preface had an idea about the author of Imams' correspondence book, and definition of Imams' correspondence with clarifying their importance. First chapter which was entitled ' aestheticism of the musical level' was divided into three sections. The first which was entitled 'aestheticism of repetition' dealt with the extent of musical activity that can be achieved by repetition in the correspondence with taking into account of non - separation between this function and other functions of repetition. The second section which was entitled ' aesthetics of rhyme' came to uncover discovering functions of this musical style in the correspondence. The most prominent of these are rhythm and caring of listener's psychological aspect; whereas, the third section was devoted to ' aesthetics of alliteration' that had its influence on the text in the form and content levels. Second chapter was entitled 'aesthetics of structural level'. It has two sections. The first is composition styles. It included interrogative, imperative, and vocative; as well as efficiency of each style and its influence in achieving aestheticism in the text, in addition to efficiency to implement other functions. The second section dealt with the conditional style with clarifying its means and use of every one concerning structure and text coherence. Third chapter was about ' aesthetics of semantic level'. It has three sections. The first is concerned with aesthetics of simile. The study showed other functions that simile implied such as psychological or social functions : the second section tackled aesthetics of metaphor. The study also showed what is the benefit of metaphor. Finally, the third section discussed aesthetics of metonymy.

Author name: علي عباس فاضل محمد الربيعي

Supervisor name: خالد عباس حسين السياب

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

اثر القرينة السياقية في تخصيص الظواهر الدلالية في القران الكريم == The Effect Of Clue In Determining The Indicative Relationships In The Quranic Text

Author name: زكريا يحيى جواد كاظم

Supervisor name: فلاح رسول حسين الحسيني

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: In the name of Allah, the most gracious the most merciful All praise to Allah, the lord of the worlds and peace be upon the last of prophets and messengers and upon his pure household….After putting trust in God, we determined to write this thesis, and by help of Allah I used the holy Quran as a way pursuing in my high study of master, so the clues were the focus of this study and the thesis came under title (the effect of clue in determining the indicative relationships in the Quranic text. In this study, I have touched on the importance of clue in finding out the required, and its role in removing the ambiguity that which may go on some of them on the first place, and this is the way which has been taken by interpreters in explaining the holy Quran. This research paper consists of introduction, preface and three chapters, followed by conclusion which included the most important findings reached to by this paper. The preface included two matters, the first discussed the clue in language and term in addition to the definitions which had been mentioned by the ancients and narrators and the types of clues and their divisions by scientists. The 2nd discussed the relation between pronunciation and meaning and the force associating them, hence the paper came under title the indicative relations. Chapter one sheds light on (the clue effect on tandem relation) and it was in two topics : the first (the synonymously in language) including the definition of sequence as a language and as a term, and referred also to the ancient's opinions both the confirmed and agnostics supplied by clues for each one, then I referred to what the narrators studied concerning this matter. The 2nd is devoted to the effect of the clue on the sequence relation and its role in this phenomenon.Chapter 2 is devoted to (the effect of clue on the common verbal) which was in two topics : the 1st concerned with common verbal in language starting from the linguistic definition including the opinions of the confirmed and agnostics which was studied by Arab and west narrators and ending with studying this matter in the holy Quran. The 2nd topic discussed the effect of the clue in determining the required meaning. Chapter 3 came under title (the effect of clue in the opposite relation) which was in two topics : the 1st discussed the opposite relation from the linguistic view, while the 2nd is the effect of clue and its role in revealing the required meaning. Finally came the conclusion which included the findings reached to by this paper.many - multi resources are included in this paper beginning with the linguistic dictionaries ,different interpretations , books of Quran meanings and recent references, etc…

الفصيح المحكي في اللهجة العراقية : دراسة تاصيلية في لهجة كربلاء == Eloquent Spoken In The Iraqi Dialect, Original Study About Karbala Dialect

Author name: ماجد خضير كاظم داود الخفاجي

Supervisor name: فلاح رسول حسين الحسيني

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: The abstract : This thesis aims at studying the public dialect spoken in Karbala governorate and its relation to the old Arab dialects by relating the vocabularies spoken there to the Arab dictionaries and studying the changes happened to them, in addition to the effect of dialectal phenomenon on them. The study selects just the eloquent of the vocabularies without paying attention to the alien words from other languages. The study includes a dictionary of the vocabularies spoken in Karbala dialect and comparing them with vocabularies spoken in other dialects, in addition to the study of the dialect difference from one area to another in Karbala. This paper consists of introduction, preface, two chapters, conclusion, references and resources. The preface includes definition of language and dialect as meaning and indication by defining them linguistically and idiomatically, as well as the relation between language and dialect and explaining the importance of dialect study. Chapter one is an expression of a dictionary of Karbala dialect arranged lexically which refers to the linguistic matter of triple and non - triple root and then bringing the prevalent pronunciation which belongs to them arranged alphabetically, following a way which brings a word according to its public pronunciation, and explaining its indication on the basis of the prevalent use and explaining its part of speech whether it is a verb, none or letter taking into account the situation it is spoken in, citing by verses organized by poets on basis of Karbala prevalent dialect, and included their poems of these vocabularies, and then relating them to their origin in the Arab dictionary and their correct proportion which includes a revision of the studies opinions preceding these pronunciations which are common between Karbala dialect and another dialect and comparing between them, and some corrections of them.Chapter 2 includes the dialectal phenomenon in Karbala dialect, and its relation to old Arab dialectal phenomenon, ranging from substitution in movements, whether it has dialectal idiom or not, up to substitution in letters ranging from that which has dialectal or linguistic idiom up to that which hasn't, taking into account substitution between vowels, and between vowels and silent letters, and replacing silents with each other singly. This chapter characterized by studying two dialects never studied before which are ( dialect of Al - Masood tribe and Al - Jadual Al - Gharbi district). The paper also referred to the linguistic development for many of the linguistic phenomenon known by the Arabic eloquent dialect, and rooting some linguistic uses which are common in some Iraqi cotemporary dialects especially in Karbala.The conclusion included the findings of this study such as finding more than one dialect spoken in Karbala according to the geographical distribution, and there is disorder inside each dialect because of the effect of tourism, merging the city people with other Iraqi dialects, the immigration of many people to Karbala asking for their living, being a safe city, merging the city people with the Arab and foreign people equally being well - known of religious tourism. The disorder we mean here is the non - prevalence of all the dialectal phenomenon on the face of ever, but it is concerned with certain vocabularies and not includes letters generally. The paper also found that the vocalizations spoken in Karbala dialects are Arabic and eloquent but it has faces some changes in meaning and significance depending on the circumstances affecting language development, and its quotation from other Iraqi dialects incoming to it. The dialects of Karbala countrysides are less change, more stability in terms of its Arab origins and easy to distinguish for any Arab root it relates to being few mixing with other dialects. The paper also referred to the dialect of Al - Masood clan which is distinctive from other dialects. The paper also has found that the two closer dialects to Karbala dialect are The dailects of Bani Tameem and Bani Asad, and that is for the identification of many dialectal phenomenon with that of these two dialects, the further we go from the city center, the closer we are of dialect of Al - Hijaz. The dialect of west area of Karbala has common vocalizations with the dialect of west governorates. Also dialect of east Karbala with south dialect. While the city dialects is common with the dialects of the middle especially Baghdad. The paper also proved that the dialectal studies, though their plurality, still needs research and study in order to includes all the spoken dialects

خصائص الاسلوب في كتاب نسيم الصبا لابن حبيب الحلبي ت779هـ == Style Characteristics In Nesimu El - Saba Book For Ibn Hebib Al - Helebi (779 AH)

Author name: منتهى حسون زيدان الجبوري

Supervisor name: كريمة نوماس محمد المدني

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

لغة الشعر في ديوان حروب الردة == The Language Of Poetry In Divan Of Apostasy Wars

Author name: زينب حميد عبد الامير عبود النصراوي

Supervisor name: عبد الامير كاظم السعيدي

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: Language of the pillar of a poetic text, it is marked by different characteristics which distinguish it from the tools and means of other arts. The research surveyed the essentials of the language of poetry and extensively studied them so as to see their components as to the levels of rhythm, wording, structure and image. Accordingly, the study fell into four chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion. The introduction was based on three topics : the first was a viewpoint in the concept of the language of poetry, which depended on the viewpoints of the critics in presenting the concept of the language of poetry and also its function as a semiotic and an emotional language together with how the language of poetry presented as a connecting point between the pre - Islamic and Islamic poetry in addition to the characteristics it had at the early Islamic period in particular. It was followed by reading of the divan of the apostasy wars setting it right through presenting the criteria followed in arranging and ordering the posts' poems in the divan. Little was said about the historical side connected with the poetry of the poets of the apostasy wars regarding the political motives as what was related to such motives was relatively far from the technical sides and they were also studied by others. Then came chapter one with the title ( The Rhythmic Level ) containing the rhythm with the sound it included set by the measure. As the sound is considered the smallest unit of speech and that the rhythm is itself is considered sound in addition to the dependence of poetry in the Islamic period on the system of reciting, therefore it has had superiority in the system of the language of poetry. Chapter on showed the measure, the rhyme and the rhyming letter; it was considered an external music keeping the internal symmetry. Chapter one showed the common characteristics among poets keeping the sound system, such as repetition, setting and rhetorical beautifiers such as alliteration and other aspects which help keep parallelism inside the text such as parallelism and necessitating what was required. The text then started to express itself through utterances and according the ( utterance level ) was set showing what the poetic text was characterized by such as clarity, strangeness, eloquence and suggestion. The lexicon was then presented with the linguistic synonyms it has had presenting the words connected with war, scholars, Islamic doctrine, time place and nature. It showed how the poets employed the vocabularies during the emotional experience the experienced. Utterances ( words ) combine to constitute the text setting the structure and accordingly, came the ( construction level ) starting with showing the most prominent expressionistic styles which contributed to making language of poets. It was of two sections starting with showing the sentence and its styles the "nominative and verbal sentence" swinging in the poetic tissue between the constant and the changeable according to the situation. The narrative ( written) sentence came next including what the poets employed such as the interrogative, the vocative, the imperative, the negation, the supplication and the swearing. This was followed by the states of the sentence with all that it had of fronting, delaying and parenthesis ( objection). Following structuring ( construction) came picturing ( figuration) in setting imagination and emotion under the title ( The Figuration Level ) containing the source of the picture ( figure) such as the psychological motives with its function in drawing the picture, the cultural motive and the environment. And then came the second section to include the most important picturing styles such as the narrative, the mysterious and the communicative which stamped the poetic text with beauty in addition to adding the feature of determination of displaying. The research tried to show the structure of the language of poetry within the poetic text in the divan of the apostasy wars by using a descriptive and analytic method. The thesis ended with a conclusion which included the most important results the researcher came out with before giving the sources and references used in the study.

ادعية الصحيفة السجادية : دراسة تداولية == Supplicatims of Al - Sahifah Al - Sajjadiyyah : A Deliberative Study

Author name: عمار حسن عبد الزهرة

Supervisor name: فلاح رسول حسين الحسيني

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Language

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

التمثيل الحجاجي في الشعر الاسلامي : شعر الغزل العذري انموذجا == The Representation of Al - Hajaji In Islamic Poetry Platonic Spinning Poetry As A Sample

Author name: سحر احمد راضي الشمري

Supervisor name: حسن حبيب عزر الكريطي

General topic: Arabic Language and Literature

Specific topic: Literature

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

تاثير تمرينات المقتربات الخططية في تطوير المستوى المهاري لبعض المهارات الاساسية بالريشة الطائرة للاعبين تحت 12 سنة

Author name: نور علاء عزيز

Supervisor name: علي عبد الحسن حسين

General topic: Sports

Specific topic: Racket Games

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Physical Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

اثر برنامج ارشادي في تعديل اتجاهات اللاعبين الشباب نحو قانون الكرة الطائرة وحكامها == The Impact of Guiding Programme in Adugusting Young Players Directions Towards The Rules and Refferees of Volleyball

Author name: سوادي حسين عبيس الجبوري

Supervisor name: محمد جاسم احمد الياسري

General topic: Sports

Specific topic: Volleyball

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Physical Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

اثر برنامج ايروبيكس بمصاحبة معرفية مهنية في تطوير بعض المؤشرات الوظيفية وجودة الاداء لموظفات جامعة الكوفة للاعمار 30 - 40 سنة == Impact aerobics program accompanied by a professional knowledge to develop some functional indication's and Quality performance for Kufa University employees between the ages of (30 - 40)

Author name: عفاف محمد مطر

Supervisor name: نادية شاكر جواد

General topic: Sports

Specific topic: Sports Training

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Physical Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages: