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قضاء سوق الشيوخ : دراسة في الجغرافية الاقليمية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS == Suk Al - Shuykh District A Study In Regional Geography By Using Ceogrphic Information Systeme (GIS)

اسم المؤلف: عماد زيدان حمد الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: طارق جمعة علي المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The research deals with a regional study about Suq Al - Shouk district, which is situated to the south of Thi - Qar province. A previous study about Suq Al - Shouk with its five sub - towns is not available therefore, the researcher had to depend on the field study, observation, watching the different geographical changes through personal interviews.The reason for the choice of subject represents the geographical significance of the study area, because it represents an essential part of the marshes of south of Iraq in addition to its being within a part of sedimentary plateau and the Western Hills, so the region has a significant geographical difference.The objective of the research is to identify the human and natural characteristics of the study area and most importanty spatial geographical factor relationships. The researcher made use of the modern (GIS) geographic technology in addition to the ways and statistical techniques to show the results taken from the study and to prove the hypotheses.The Scientific necessity led to divide the reaserch into four chapters, the first chapter deals with the natural characteristics which include : the geographical location, the geological structure, the surface, the climate, the water resources, the soil and the natural vegetation. The second chapter deals with the populations characteristics, while the third chapter deals with the economic activity of the population of the district. The fourth chapter focuses on the development potential of the district which includes : health,education and transportation services. The study has been consolidated by (49) tables, (40) maps, (28) charts, in addition to illustrations.It was obvious from study that the district depends on the water of the Euphrates river and its branches, and the levels of this water are subject to fluctuation, and also it was obvious that the high increase of the population size of the district during the period of the study at a growth rate of 4.5%. As for agriculture. The study has shown that the area planted with date palms at the rate of 34.5% has the first rank compared with the other crops, whereas cows have the first rank of the livestock at the rate of 59% of the total livestock in the district.In addition the district has different types of industries, notably the construction industry like bricks and blocks and many other industries lice : timber, craft and food. As for the developmental side, it is obviously clear that there are many important archaeological sites in addition to the marshes which will enhance the tourist side of the distrust. The study also reveals an obvious shortage in the number of doctors and in the number of schools according to age groups.The researcher has included a number of proposals at the end of the search in which he thinks they are the suitable solutions to deal with the problem of his research, the most important of which is to make a rural development in the district to protect the local production from neglect, and to develop the tourist side, and to increase the government support to farmers, The researcher hopes that he has contributed to enriching the geographical library with a study about an important area from the areas in Iraq, and success is from God.

السكن العشوائي في مدينة العمارة : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Squatter Settlement In Amara City - A Study In Urban Geography

اسم المؤلف: احمد صيهود هاشم البهادلي
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم زغير الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة مشكلة واقعية اخذت بالتزايد مع ازدياد معدلات النمو السكاني، وزيادة ظاهرتي الفقر والبطالة، وتعد هذه المشكلة تحديا للنظام الاجتماعي والاقتصادي وعقبة اساسية من عقبات التنمية الاجتماعية والثقافية، فالنمو غير الاعتيادي في حجم المناطق السكنية | The study dealt with realistic problem took increasing with the increasing rates of population growth, increasing poverty and unemployment, and the longer this problem is a challenge for social and economic system and basic obstacle of obstacles to social and cultural development, growth is unusual in the size of the random residential areas and the continuation of its appearance, and depending on Mcespbadtha Making control of this growth is difficult irks authorities planning and executive authorities in major cities of the developing world and thus become more of the problems bearing on the reality of city life and structure, as it suffers a lot of cities around the world from the results and the effects of this problem, namely (random settlements served) or slums) or (excesses areas) or (Housing informal or Allasm) No matter how diversified and varied concepts and names it means one thing : It is a moving problem on the reality of the city to Matnottagh effects and cons of urban life. In light of the foregoing this study came to its objectives and hypotheses to address the current problem within the city of Amara, as the study titled (slums in the city of Amarah).Search launched by several variables adopted in this study in order to highlight and illustrate the problem and its size within and its impact on urban life of the city of Amara, the study area was the most prominent are trespassing on the land and the establishment of housing illegal and irregular and are unplanned. The expansion also is planned and random, which resulted in the expansion of slums and the lack of municipal and administrative control of the stakeholders in the city.The letter was included (23) map and (73) and a table (19) form and (17) the image as well as supplements and sources Conclusion very English.The letter came out a set of the most important conclusions that the presence of this kind of random housing is planned to revive the city of Amara, the result of rising land prices and rents as well as the lack of planning policy intact. The slums in the study area due to a natural extension of the study site area which attracted the attention of immigrants to as Maysan province, on the one hand and the availability of employment opportunities in the other. The presence of these slums has a negative effect on the overall what exists In the study service area of all kinds. The these areas and despite the disadvantages that characterized the lack of public services and the infrastructure Fa it's considered a place populated by large numbers of people who suffer from a shortage to a lack of formal housing, also found the results of the study to clarify the concept of zones and random reasons tion within the study area

العلاقات المكانية بين سكان الريف واستعمالات الارض في زراعة محاصيل البستنة في محافظة البصرة == Spatial Relationships Between The Rural Population And The Use Of Land In The Cultivation Of The Farm Crops In Basrah Province

اسم المؤلف: حيدر ستار مشكل الحجاج
اسم المشرف: محمد رمضان محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The problem of the study is represented by the inquiry " Is there any spatial variation in the use of land for farm crops cultivation like date - palm cultivation and vegetables? " and " whether there is any spatial variation to rural variables which are related with the rural populations in Basrah province " and whether they (The Independent variables) have an impact in the spatial variation of the use of land in the Cultivation of farm crops (The dependent variable) in Basrah province. The hypothesis confirmed that there is a spatial variation for the variables of the farm crops and rural variables and also we can find that there is a spatial relationship between rural variables which are related to the rural populations (The Independent variables) and farm crops (The dependent variable) in Basrah province. The study indicates to the breadth of area that is occupied by the use of land in the cultivation of the farm crops as ,the rate of its area reached (109982) acre as it represents (53080) of the total crop area which is about (204428) acre. It was also shown that there is a decrease in the area of the ground occupied by the date - palm cultivation in Basrah province. Where it reached in 1952 , (222700) Acres , while it Significantly decreased till it reached in 2015 , (54890) Acre , and the reason for that is due to the negligence in the cultivation of palm for both natural and anthropogenic reasons. It is demonstrated by this study that there is an acceleration rates of growth of population of the rural , as it reached in 1977 , (223184) , While in 2014 , it rose to (550 985) , this increase in the number of rural people is accompanied with an increase in the rural manpower , rural workforce , the agricultural workforce , rural households and the rural households that are awarded the agricultural lands , but "the agricultural manpower" in terms of the relative importance took decreasing till it reached in 1977 ,(130.34%) , While in 2014 , it reached (%6025) and the reason for that is due to the availability of other employment opportunities other than agriculture and get on a fixed income and content.

جيومورفولوجية الجزر النهرية في مجرى نهر الفرات بين مدينتي الناصرية والقرنة باستخدام GIS == The Geomorphology Of The River Islands In Euphrates River Between Al - Nasiriyah And Al - Qurna Cities Using GIS

اسم المؤلف: ايهاب عزيز درفش الزيادي
اسم المشرف: حسين جوبان عريبي المعارضي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة ظاهرة الجزر النهرية في مجرى نهر الفرات بين مدينتي الناصرية والقرنة ضمن الحدود الادارية لمحافظتي (ذي قار والبصرة) في جنوب العراق, بطول (126.80) كم, دراسة جيومورفولوجية تطبيقية باستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS), لفهم وتحديد العوامل الطبي | This study deals with the phenomenon of river islands in the course of the Euphrates River between the two cities of Nasiriyah and Qurna within the administrative borders of the provinces of Dhi Qar and Basrah south of Iraq, for about 126.80 Km. The study makes use of geomorphologic applications by using geographic information systems (GIS) to understand and identify natural and human factors that influence the formation and development of river islands and geomorphologic process, in addition to the morphologic and morphometric characteristics of the islands, as well as human activities and future investments in the region. The study depended on the use of GIS programs and special field study by taking soil and water samples and drawing cross - sections by using (Acoustic Doppler Current Profile).The study area tectonically lies within the unstable pavement which is affected by the undersurface tectonic movements. Geologically, the area is covered by quartet time deposits that are new disjoint sediments like the deposits of the floodplain which result from the previous stages activities of the Tigris and Euphrates. They include old sediments which date back to the Holocene and Pleistocene ages. Topographically, the surface of the region is characterized by gradual decline from the north - west to the southeast which set the general direction of the Euphrates River.It has been noticed that there are a number of natural and human factors that play a prominent role in the formation and development of the river islands. However, the impact, contribution and interaction of these factors vary in the formation of this phenomenon. Where the natural factors represented by the geologic structure, the decline, and the characteristics of ancient and current climate, as well as the human factors represented by building dams and reservoirs on the basin of the Euphrates River, in addition to the different uses of the water (agricultural, industrial, domestic) and building bridges and waste discharge into the river are all factors that contributed to the formation of river islands within the study area.There is a close relationship between the geomorphologic processes and hydrologic characteristics of the flow of the river as well as the aforementioned factors. The processes that contribute to the formation of the islands vary between being of geomorphologic erosion nature or of sediment nature. This has impacted the classification of the islands according to the affecting process. Erosion islands resultant from the geomorphologic erosion operations lie to the north of the study area. Whereas sediment islands resultant from the sediment operations appear in the middle and southern sections of the study area.The variation of river islands in the study area in their types (permanent, seasonal, joint) and in their morphometric characteristics (dimensions, shapes and areas) is due to the geomorphologic processes that formed them.Visual satellite maps and topographic maps and historic evidence for three periods (1972, 1990, and 2015) were used to interpret the geomorphologic changes within a spatial - temporal framework in the study area. Geomorphologic changes included identifying the location of the islands, their formation, development, transference and disappearance within the consecutive years of the study. The change of the islands and variation in their dimensions is resulted from the balance between the water system and the local geomorphologic environment.Twenty two islands appeared in the course of the Euphrates River between Nasiriyah and Qurna in 1972, and (35) islands in (1990) and (69) islands in (2015). It is noticed that most of the islands developed because of the change in the characteristics of geomorphologic processes from on period to another to reach its peak in 2015 to transfer into permanent islands in a percentage of 45% because of the activity of the sedimentation process. It has been found also that the first thing that the islands do as a natural reaction to their formation is dividing the river into subordinate courses in addition to the main course. Thus, the river appears divergent because of these branches; as a result it is described as braided river or divergent river.The degrees and percentages of the river divergence varied spatially and temporally according to the formation and centering of the islands. It has been found that there is an obvious and higher increase in the degree and percentage of divergence in the southern course of the (original Euphrates) than in the northern course. This is due to the fact that the southern course is longer than the northern one in addition to the increase in the centering of the islands in the southern course as a normal result of the increase of length.The study has shown that river operations, which resulted in the formation of geomorphologic shapes, have impacted the present human investments as well as the available potentials. Across its long history, the river contributed in the process of settlement. Its peregrination lead to the change of the locations of some villages and cities on its banks at that time. In addition to its impact on the variation of settlement types along its course. Where, the linear pattern prevails along the course of the Euphrates and its branches in the region.The emergence of river islands also contributed to the existence of a suitable environment for settlement especially in erosion islands in the northern parts of the course. River islands play an effective role on the other activities like agriculture, irrigation, herding and transportation, as well as its impact on tourism activities where they provide many attractive tourism potentials. Moreover, these islands are in the middle of the biggest marshes whether the central marshes or Alhammar marshes adjacent to the study area

الصناعات الصغيرة في قضاءي القرنة والمدينة == Small Industries In The Districts Of Qurna And Medina

اسم المؤلف: ايناس عبد الستار جبر
اسم المشرف: فارس مهدي محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الصناعة احدى القطاعات الاقتصادية المهمة، وتظهر اهمية الصناعات الصغيرة من خلال عملية تغيير النمط الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والحضاري لاي مجتمع، من خلال احداث تغيير في هيكلة الايدي العاملة وتركيب المهن، كما تعمل على تقليل التفاوت الاقتصادي بين الوحدات الادار | Industry is considered one of the important economic sectors. The importance of small industries clearly appears through the process of changing the social, economic, and civilized aspects of any society through changing the structure of the workforce and professions. They also work on decreasing the economic variation between the administrative units by improving people's living level. In five chapters, the present study sheds lights on small industries in the districts of Qurna and Medina. Chapter one speaks about; the concept of small industries, their characteristics, classification, importance, and their historical development in these two districts which dates back to the beginnings of the dependence of Iraq in 1921. Chapter two deals with the factors of Industrial settlement and the impact of each of which on the emergence and development of these industries in the two districts. Chapter three tackles the industrial processes of small industries and crafts in the two districts. Chapter four displays the geographical distribution of the small industries in the districts of Qurna and Medina; it falls into two sections, section one includes the geographical distribution of the small industries in the districts according to their administrative units. It appears that there is a spatial variation between the administrative units. In Qurna, there are (418) factories that employ (1176) workers, whereas in Medina, there are (951) factories that employ (2359). Iz - aldeen Saleem region comes in the first place with (43%), the center of Qurna district comes in the second place with (17%), in the third place comes the center of Medina district with (15.8%), Imam Sadiq region maintains place number four with (10.6%), Aldair region occupies place number five with (7.9%), Althagher region comes in the sixth place with (5.7%). Section two points out that there is a variation in the distribution of the type of industry in these two districts. Food industries in Qurna included (150) factories which employ (433) workers, whereas in Medina there are (112) factories which employ (330) workers. As for small construction industries, there are (171) factories in Qurna that employ (606) workers, while there are (608) factories in Medina that employ (1625) workers. In reference to cloth making industry, there are (43) factories in Qurna with (52) workers, while there are (65) factories in Medina with (74) workers. As for engineering industries, there are (11) factories that employ (23) workers, while there are (14) factories in Medina that employ (25) workers. In water transportation industry there are (2) factories in Qurna with (3) workers, whereas in Medina there are (10) factories with (10) workers. Typing and flex advertising industry in Qurna included (4) factories with (4) workers. Craft industries in Qurna involved (155) factories with (190) workers, while in Medina there are (91) factories with (115) workers. Aldair region comes in the first place with (28%), Althagher comes second with (21.6%), Imam Sadiq region comes third with (17.8%), in the fourth place comes the center of Qurna district with (13.4%), Iz - aldeen Saleem region comes fifth with (10.6%), in the sixth and last place comes the center of Medina district with (8.6%). Chapter five studies the industrial structure and compares small industries in the two districts. The number of factories in the two districts is (1369) which employ (3535) workers. There isn’t that much variation in small variation where the structure of industry depended on construction industries, metal industries, furniture and wood industries and others. Chapter six tackles the most important problems that face small industries in the two districts like raw material and variation of its prices, whose origin is mostly from aboard, add to this the problem of marketing because of the competition with foreign products. In addition to unqualified workforce that lack technical ability. Environmental pollution is another issue, though small industries cause less pollution in comparison with big industries, some industries like ice industry in the area of study may cause poisonous suffocation because of Ammonia gas especially when the wind direction is to the east. Weak infrastructure is another problem that hinders the process of transporting the products.

المشاريع الاسكانية - انماطها ودورها في حل ازمة السكن في محافظة البصرة لعام 2015 == Housing Projects : Patterns And Role In Resolving The Housing Crisis In The Province Of Basrah

اسم المؤلف: ايات عبد الوهاب خريبش العلي
اسم المشرف: رعد ياسين محمد الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد السكن من الحاجات الاساسية المهمة لبناء المجتمع والدولة، ويرتبط ارتباطا وثيقا بالتحضر والتمدن، وبعملية تطور المجتمعات باشكالها الاقتصادية والاجتماعية على مر العصور، لذا فان توفر المسكن هو من اولويات حقوق الانسان والحاجة اليه ضرورية بصورة مستمرة ودا | Housing is one of the basic needs necessary for building society and country. It is closely associated with urbanization and with the process of development in its economic and social forms, along all ages. The availability of a house is a priority of human rights, and the need for it is permanently necessary. Despite the fact that the right to own a house is legislated in the Iraqi constitution, this right hasn't been given serious and enough attention. That's why most Iraqi provinces suffer from a severe housing crisis which hasn't emerged from the current situation only, but it is accumulation of previous years of negligence from the government and its official committees from the one hand and the increase in the population growth as well as the return of the displaced from and out of the other provinces from the other hand. All this led to the emergence of a severe shortage in the number of housing units, where their number becomes far much less than the number of the families. As the time passes the shortage of the housing units increases and the demand for them increases as well. This resulted in very severe decrease in the number of the housing units. Moreover, it caused a sharp deficiency to provide proper housing.The aim of the study was to give a complete picture about the different types of housing projects, governmental or investment projects, in Basrah province. The study referred also to the different housing patterns, their locations and geographic distribution. It emphasized the degree of contribution of these projects in resolving the housing crisis in Basrah. In its third chapters, the study tackled most of the literary and scientific aspects of this topic. In the first chapter, it dealt with the general concepts of house and housing and housing policy. In the second chapter, it dealt with the different housing patterns, their locations and geographic distribution in Basrah. In the third and last chapter, the study gave future insights of the prospective housing projects in the province. The study ended with some suggestions that would contribute to resolving the housing crisis and developing the projects in the province

التركيب الاقتصادي للسكان في قضاء الزبير لسنتي 1997 - 2015 == The Economic Structure of the Inhabitants of AZ-Zubair District for the Period (1997-2015)

اسم المؤلف: لبنى فالح غالي السيلاوي
اسم المشرف: صادق جعفر ابراهيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة موضوع التركيب الاقتصادي لسكان قضاء الزبير الذي يعد من المواضيع السكانية التي تثير اهتمام الكثير من المختصين الجغرافيين اذ يتم ذلك من خلال دراسة خصائصها الديموغرافية وحجم القوى العاملة والتركيب النوعي والعمري للقوى العاملة ونسبة الاعالة ونس | The study of the economic structure is of a great importance in the population studies for it is one of the topics that evoke the interest of geographical specialists. From this the study gains its importance; hence the study aims at identifying the economic structure of Az - zubair district for the period (1997 - 2015) and the demographic characteristics of the workforce and the aspects of the economic structure which include (economic activity, profession, work state) and the most important affecting factors. Az - zubair region, which lies to the south west of Basrah Province and includes three administrative units (Center of the district, Safwan, Om Qasar) has been chosen to identify the degree of spatial and temporal variation of the workforce according to its size. The researcher depended on the data provided by the general censuses of 1997 and 2015. The study consists of five chapters. The first chapter tackles the demographic characteristics, the size of the workforce, the structure of its types, age groups, the degree of dependence, and the average of the raw economic activity. The second chapter displays the distribution of the workforce according to the environment and type. Chapter three introduces the professional structure of the workforce according to the environment and type. Chapter four provides information about the work state of the workforce. Chapter five tackles the factors that affect the workforce (education and marriage). The study reached at the following results, the agricultural activity came first for the period (1997 - 2015) and the production workers came first also in the district

الملامح الجغرافية لظاهرة العنوسة في مدينة الزبير وابعادها : دراسة في الجغرافية الاجتماعية == Geographical Features And Dimensions Of Spinstership In The Town Of Zubair : A Socio - Geographical Study

اسم المؤلف: بسمة عبد الحسين محمد الهاشمي
اسم المشرف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Spinster ship is a problem that characterizes mast Families and societies nowadags. lt is growing rapidlg because of the differentChanges and the great effects of them on the females in these ocities Spinsters are the unmarried females of the age of 30 onwards. This problem is world - widelg realized and its range uaries from ne society to anathor.In Iraq and Basrah. In particular. spinster ship is considered as an outcome of the economic. Social. Political. cultural and techndagical Changes that occur in the country.it appears in most of the administrative units in Basrah governarate in cluding the town of AL - Zubair. There fore. this studg in vestigates this problem from a socio - geographical Perspective. Additionallg. the study discusses the characteristics of spinster ship to find out its relation and how it is in fluenced bg the different economic. social , technological and personal variables.In addition to the sources and referencesy The studg dependsl on a questionnaire distributed to 660 repondents the Studg arrived at the following conclusions : 1 - The number and percentage of spinsters differ from one sector in AL - ZubairTo another according to the source of Attraction and the different charactersstics And features of cevey section2 - The economic. social. health and personal Factors are the mast effective ones to in crease cases of spinster ship.3 - whan the girl reaches the age of spinster ship ( 30 years). she is exposed to serious demographic. Psychological and moral effectsthat highly in fluence the girl. The family and the society.The study recommends the following : 1 - providing a database of sinstership by the Statotics centre in Basah in cooperation with the local govennment to know the exact umber of spinsters and to Plan to stop and get rid of this Phenomenon2 - Developing plans by the government to Financially help and encourage the youth To marry.3 - Looking at women as playing an im poant role in society and that they hava their own duties and rights that can not be Over looked

تغير بعض الخصائص الهيدروكيميائيه لنهر الفرات بين محطتي الناصرية والقرنة - جنوب العراق == The Euphrates Hydro - Chemical Changes From Nassriyah To Qurna South Iraq

اسم المؤلف: عبد الحسن عبد النبي هاشم حميدي
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تبين من خلال الدراسة للخصائص الهيدركيميائية لنهر الفرات في القسم الاسفل من حوض, تاثر الموارد المائية كما ونوعا بالعوامل الطبيعة والبشرية. فقد اتضح من خلال الدراسة اثر العوامل الطبيعية المتمثلة بالموقع الجغرافي للمنطقة في القسم الاسفل من الحوص على انخف | This study analysis the Euphrates hydro - chemical water changes at the lower section. the study consists five chapters, the first deals with the factors affecting water changes such as ( Location, Geology, Topography, Climate, Soil, Natural vegetation cover, Irrigation development of riparian countries, dams and reservoirs and pollution).The second chapter represents the hydrological changes of the river. It focus on water sources the annual, seasonal and monthly water discharges. the annual water discharge includes flood year moderate and dry year ,with discharge variation of 946 (1969) cubic meter per second, 344 (1985), and 34.7 (2009) respectively.Chapter three is dedicated for the chemical variations. These includes (T.D.S, T.H, NO3, SO4, Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCo3, PO4, and Do ) for the period (1967 - 1969) compared with the period of (2014) and (2015 - 2016).Chapter four present the effect of hydro - chemical changes on agriculture development, drinking, animal watering, industrial purposes and environment. The study reveals that the river water become unsuitable for the most uses above.Chapter five discuss the Euphrates water management. It includes fair agreement between the riparian states , construction of now reservoirs , applied advancing irrigation methods , controlling of sewage and drainage water intensive agriculture system, developing of people activities and copration with international Organizations.These measure are vitally important to improve water quality and quantity for the lower Euphrates basin.

مصائد الاسماك ومزارع تربيتها في محافظة البصرة == Fisheries And Farms Reared In Basra Province

اسم المؤلف: علي خضير عباس
اسم المشرف: بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Fish wealth has received a great interest by all countries of the world because of its nutritional value and economic importance, the study area is one of the important areas in Iraq in the agricultural production in both its plant and animal production. Fish wealth is of a great importance due to the availability of water bodies in the province represented by the lower part from the stream of the two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates), and Shatt al - Arab. As well as the waters of the marshes. Basra province represents a sea port of Iraq on the Arabian Gulf's head, and provides the other provinces by various types of sea fish , and that these ingredients can be developed and supported to reach self - sufficiency in achieving food security and reducing imports from abroad.The aim of this study is to reveal the reality of the Wealth Fish in Basra province and analysis of the natural and human Constituents to its relationship by this side and diagnosis of problems encountered the process of production. The study gets about its statements from looking at the fish breeding farms in the dusty lakes and the cages and learn about the natural and human factors affecting it.In the different administrative units in Basra province and conducting personal interviews with a number of fishermen in territorial waters and fresh water, and the owners of fish breeding farms as well as the form the questionnaire which included the sea fishing in the territorial waters and breeding farms fish and a laboratory analysis of water samples in (36) model from the waters of Shatt al Arabs and that of three sites of the Shatt al - Arab which are al Deer district and the two districts of al Hartha and al Faw ,and by (12) models for each site for the years (2015 - 2016 ) two bottle glasses are used in the process of models collection. the price of the one is (1) liter, and it is especially in the collection of water samples for the purpose of the laboratory analysis, and the samples were taken from depth of 2 liters of the river. The Study shows the low capita share of Annual Iraqi individual from the fish meat produced locally, which amounted to 1.79 kg / year in 2002,as it became clear that there is a contrast variation in the amounts of fishing from year to year, and this is due to many factors, including the biological state of the fishes or It may return to primitive ways of fishing or the impact of fish stock by the high fishing effort or the allowed Fishing. And the site of Basra province is considered as a featured site because it is the only province in Iraq, which has access to the sea which provides other province by various kinds of fishes and in spite of the scarcity of water resources by upstream countries (Turkey and Iran) that affected the quality of water in the Basra province ,but it can invest these waters in the development of wealth fish , knowing that species produced in these waters with wanted species by the Iraqi people,and resources represent surface as the Tigris and the Euphrates and the Shatt al - Arab river and the insulation river and tables branching them In addition to the marshes like : Al - Qurna Marsh, Al - Swaib Marsh and Al - Hammar Marsh In addition to marine waters That the total length of its coastline64 km. The surface in Basra province and especially (the Sahel sedimentary) is an appropriate to expand fish breeding farms and especially the Low - lying areas and river basin areas and Marshes and Marshy. The elements of the climate have a great impact on the Fishes and the Solar radiation and temperatures in the Basra province are characterized by a long growth season as well as the appropriateness of these two elements for Fish breeding , except in cases of thermal extremism, especially in the hot season. As for Marine fisheries, through the field study , it is clear that the low in the temperatures has an impact on the presence of fish and their going into the deep regions ( the benthic areas ) and become less in the coastal areas as well as the high temperatures on the fishermen, especially with high relative humidity, causing the self troubles to them with the lack of fishing methods to the coolers devices or heating devices in winter, Thereby preventing the hunter to reach out to the hunting. The Rainfall in Basra province does not have that importance in the fish seasons rather than its volatility and its importance lies on reducing the extremism of the temperatures and reducing the evaporation of water from the docks. Wind has its positive and negative impact on fishes. Winds has an effect on the presence and the plenty of the fishes in the fishery according to the direction of the wind as we mentioned earlier in this subject (the subject of the wind). It is shown that the soil of the province, especially the soil of (Sahael sedimentary) is appropriate to establish farms in this activity in the future. It becomes clear that many of the fish farms breeding that were established was considered as encroachment ( it does not have the projects' permission for fish breeding from the Ministry of Water Resources or the failure to obtain approval from the Ministry of oil) and these farms are from the productive farms and the water quality in the area is appropriate for the cultivation of the fish in the freshwater. It is shown that the fish farming in Basra province confined to the breeding in the fresh water only. And that this activity is suffering heavy losses annually due to the sudden changes in the extents salty during the months of the year. In spite of the existence of the laws that direct fishing operations, but often these Laws are breached and doing fishing in these preventing times. Which are the seasons of migration and reproduction which leads to disallow for the fish to proliferate in a proper way, in addition to that, the using of forbidden means in fishing operations, such as toxins and electrocution and explosives, leading to the extermination of all fish including (Chicks of Fish). Field study discovers that irregular nets are used by the fishermen that the catch all the fish, including small fish without leaving them to grow. as well as the failure to provide a new fishing vessels which are able to save the fish for long periods because it does not contain the refrigerated stores. The role of the current agricultural policy is weak in the development of animal production generally and the fish production in particular because of the lack of the provided assistance ,such as loans and production requirements. As well as a lack of cooperative societies which is specialized in the wealth fish in the province of Basra except one association that specializes in this area namely ( Alnaser Association in al Faw district). And the absence of the role of veterinary institutions in Basra province, and the field study is shown that these institutions do not contribute in the treatment and provide medicines for fishes, forcing the owners of the farms to get treatments from the local markets in a high prices. generally in Basra province the wealth fish faces a lot of natural problems and human life that negatively affect the development of this important activity

العلاقات العراقية - الخليجية والاثار المترتبة عليها : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Iraqi Gulf Relations And Implications The Study Of The Geo - Political

اسم المؤلف: زهراء عباس هندي الاسدي
اسم المشرف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تكتنفها العديد من الحساسية والتشعب نتيجة لطبيعتها المزدوجة التي تجمع بين عناصر التعاون وعناصر الصراع، فقبل غزو العراق للكويت عام 1990 امتازت العلاقات بين الطرفين بالانسجام والتناغم في المصالح المشتركة، الا انها اصيبت بالجهود والانقطاع بسبب الغزو، على | Characterized the study area countries since the different eras that passed by an old "and more recently", the result of several factors geographical and geopolitical and economic, is the center of an "important" global polarization and a place "for international competition, after obtaining the (Iraq and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)) on their independence and to get rid from the hands of the British occupation, it rushed the study area countries to develop their resources and take advantage of its location and enjoy the talent that donated them to nature.Began competition and conflict over the sovereignty and the imposition of leadership in the region and have fought many wars have been targeting the region and to provide financial support and military by the regional powers and international, so it is imposing an economic blockade for 13 years is over, "and then the occupation of Iraq, and the consequent number of variables and physical challenges and political fronts, economic, and security.After the occupation of Iraq by the coalition forces on the ninth of April 2003, the Iraqi GCC relations have witnessed a shift "clear", as it was followed by a fall by the existing political system on the goals and new principles, represented based on good neighborliness and non - interference in the internal affairs policies, and work to build effective and active foreign relations contribute to the realization and promotion of security and stability, and the emphasis on the promotion of economic development, and to stay away from the roads that lead to political blocs. This is stipulated in the Iraqi constitution of 2005 in its article on the eighth of Iraq's foreign relations, believing "in getting rid of the deadlock and sleep unjustified in Iraq's relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council and other countries on the Arab level and the regional and international levels.Iraq - Gulf relations went through several transformations, starting with "the fallout from international conflict and reflected a shadow on the countries of the study area, which represented the United States alone global pole appeared presence during the fall of the socialist camp and the end of the Cold War.So it ruled on the Iraqi - Gulf relations several political and geopolitical variables grown and fed the important factors and differences in the forefront of the ideological and political goals, and this is to be taken up by the researcher.

التحليل الكمي لكفاءة الطـرق بين المراكـز الحضريـة في محافظـة البصـرة == Quantitative Analysis Of Roads Efficiency Between Urban Centers In Basrah Province

اسم المؤلف: حيــدر عبد الرحمن جــري الحــويــدر
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعـد شبكة الطرق البرية احد عناصر نظام النقل المهمة , التي لا تتم عملية النقل بدونها , وتمثل شبكة الطرق البرية على اختلاف اصنافها احدى اهم البنى اللازمة لتصعيد وتائر التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في اي اقليم.تهدف الدراسة الى توضيح دور العوامل الطبيعية وا | Land road network is considered one of the most important elements of transportation , It represents one of the elements that contributes to acceleration and social and economic value of any region. The study aims to investigate the natural factors and human factors that affect the extension of this network in Basrah province in addition to the real situation of transportation in it. The movement of vehicles was observed in the different location. some statistical criteria were used to evaluate its efficiency like Arc Gis 9.3, Excel and SPSS , in map simulation and statistical analysis.The study consist of three chapters. Chapter one deals with the factors and variables and affect the extension of the transportation network. Chapter two deals with real situation of transportation in Basrah province.When was chapter three evaluates the efficiency of the network by using some statistical tests. The study shows the nature of the human and natural elements effect on the extension and operation of the network. there is an increase movement of vehicles on the roads between urban centers which doesn’t match the capacity of these roads, especially during the peak hours and holidays. The study also showed the Inefficient road network linking the urban centers according to the indicators used in the study

التلوث البصري في مدينة كربلاء المقدسة : دراسة جغرافية == Visual Pollution In The Holy City Of Karbala : A Geographical Study

اسم المؤلف: ايلاف علي مرزوك الموسوي
اسم المشرف: شكري ابراهيم الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية البيئية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study attempts to survey the attitudes of the people in Karbala city and their viewpoints concerning visual pollution. The study also aims at investigating the aspects of visual pollution in the city and to measure how people look at this problem, its size and danger. The study provides information that can be useful in the assessment of the problem. The procedure is to distribute 1300 questionnaires to a random sample of the population in the study are during 2016. Another 100 questionnaires have been distributed to a specialized group from the college of engineering in order to compare the different attitudes. Another 200 questionnaires were distributed to the tourists. The results indicate the majority of the informants were reluctant about this problem; they think it causes disturbance and find that the picture of the city became distorted and not pretty and this may affect their health, beside the deterioration of the urban environment..Hough the inhabitants criticize the government's negligence of the city and the rapetisement of the municipality work; they also decide that the ignorance and indifference on the part of the people and the lack of environment awareness are among the prominent reasons of the problem. Enforcing the laws and regulations and activating the imposition of fines on those who cause visual pollution might be the best way to face this problem.

الملاءمة المكانية لمرائب النقل في مدينة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية النقل الحضري == The Place Suitability Of Transportation Parks In Basra City (A Study In Urban Transport)

اسم المؤلف: وحيـدة داود محمــود الدايني
اسم المشرف: عبد الرحمن جري مردان الحويدر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتجلى اهمية الملاءمة المكانية في كونها تقدم الدعم اللازم في اختيار المواقع المكانية الملائمة للاستعمالات بشكل عام والحضرية منها على وجه الخصوص، اذ تعد مدينة البصرة ذات بعد تجاري واقتصادي مهم، كونها تضم اعلى تركز لمؤسسات العمل المختلفة صناعية، تجارية، خدم | The place suitability is so important for selecting the suitable places for all uses and for urban uses in particular. This suitability ensures a maximum degree of functional interaction and controls their overall constructional form. Therefore, the study aims at redistributing parks in the city that ensures the required capacity of smooth movement of cars and facilitate the transportation of people with ease and less effort. Basra city, which has economic and commercial importance, and which includes different commercial, industrial and service establishments of public and private sectors creates a high percentage of daily movement of cars, and witnesses a density of population during the traffic jam times in the mornings and the evenings and during festivals. So, there is a need to plan and design the parks in order to achieve their aims successfully. The study consists of three chapters in addition to results and suggestions. The first chapter is about the distribution of Basra parks and the problem of sites. The second chapter discusses the variables that identify the distribution of parks in Basra city, while the third chapter tackles the functional competence of the parks of the city. The study attains a few conclusions; the most significant one is that there are 10 parks in Basra, four of them are off duty for one reason or another, while six of them are working, half of them in the center of the city in Al - Ashar because of its economical, administrational and service significance. The other three parks are in (Al - Kafa’at, Al - Hadi and Alsumud) quarters. The study has also shown that the daily traffic jams that result from the small width of streets and small size of parks and the unavailability of good service in these parks are the main problems that obstruct transportation in the city and its region. By applying the place suitability logarithm, the study has come to show that the present parks of the city are not suitable to most of the people of the city, and the study referred to the necessity of using the methods of Geographic Information Systems GIS in applying this logarithm in order to identify the suitability of the present parks and select the most suitable places for future parks, and this is the aim of the study

اثر النمو الحضري على التخطيط العمراني في مدينة سوق الشيوخ : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == The Impact Of Urban Growth On The Constructional Planning In The City Of 'Suq Al - Shyoukh' A Study In The Urban Geography

اسم المؤلف: حاكم ناصر حسين الشميساوي
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم زغير الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: City of Suq al - Shuyukh is the center of Suq al - Shuyukh district ,an administrative unit ,within Dhi Qar Governorate , lies in the southern part of the province with distance of (621.2) hectares and its population amounts of (130,517) inhabitants for 2015 which represents reality of the city consists of (24) residential quarters.The study aims to highlight on the analysis of the phenomenon of urban growth, its trends and problems in the city of Suq al - Shuyukh as well as study the demographics of the city in terms of growth and distribution and composition and population density and urban growth prediction (spatial and population) for the next 10 years until 2025 ,and examine the reality of urban land use to identify the most important problems that stand against this study to put appropriate solutions in order to project future trends.The study includes four chapters divided into topics, within study Chapter I , represents with some demographics indicate that the city of Suq al - Shuyukh has seen significant population growth had reached (1977 - 1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2015 ).This substantial growth of the population is a reason for increasing the demand for urban land uses ,that moved the expansion of the area of the city along the morphological stagesChapter II ,the first topic through the study of historical stages of city of Suq al - Shuyukh foundation show that the city has gone through four morphological stages ,and in each of these stages formed certain function for the city dominates on the invested spatial space of it gave shape to the city during this phase.Chapter II , second topic, dealt with the spatial distribution reality of urban land uses in the city and shows that the city contains multiple functional uses, represent by residential use which occupied an area of followed by public services ,then transport services area , industrialuse , commercial use , community service , sports use , green and open land use of and religious use was an area ofChapter III , dealing with the study of problems of urban growth in the city of Suq al - Shuyukh , the first topic of the chapter included the study of override problems on basic design of the city ,where rapid urban growth caused multiple problems and significant was the problem of urban housingSo the residential need analysis for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh and its assessment across the increasing population growth, which amounted 3%, which is one of the important topics in housing policies target to solve the housing problem.The second topic is devoted to the study of problems of interference in land use represented by planning and environmentalChapter IV ,dealt with current and future urban growth trends in the city and the first topic is devoted to the future prediction for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh population until 2025 as a total population amounted of (169672) inhabitants as the population growth rate is 3%.While the second topic dealt with urbanization trends for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh to search for future need of urban land use.The study showed that the city of Suq al - Shuyukh needs space of land estimated with(176.2) hectares and this area is out its basic design border as well as identify trends of future urbanization of the city.The study showed that the best directions for future city expansion to the northwest ,south and South - western direction in the absence of artificial and natural features.And then the most important outcomes came of the researcher and design to achieve the objectives of study in the future.

التحليل المكاني لتغير استعمالات الارض السلنية في مدينة البصرة باستخدام الاستشعار عن بعد RS ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS == Spatial Analysis Of The Change In Residential Land Use In The City Of Basrah By Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems

اسم المؤلف: مرتضى مظفر سهر الكعبي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني | طارق جمعة علي المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This present study is based on remote sensing RS and geographic information systems GIS as a basis applied to draw Cadastral changes to the residential land use in order to detect the temporal and spatial variations that contributed to the change in the residential land use in the city of Basrah for (1977 - 2016) nearly four decades , they have resulted in changes in the category of use which refers to the Cadastral Acquisitions For residential use on the Cadastral of the rest of the other urban uses (commercial, industrial, service).This is called positive change, while if the urban uses cut off which is referred as a part of the area of the residential using which annexed , this change is called in the category of use negative , as well as the study of the spatial variation to change the pattern of the residential land use which specialized in building a second floor and a tenement was added to the residential units and these differences included all the city's neighborhoods according to the field study which was based on the distribution of the questionnaire Form.The study goes from a basic premise which says that the whole fundamental changes that hit the residential land use in the sort or the residential use pattern was a result of increasing population growth , Immigration and the Cases of displaced as well as the absence of law and the rise of the economic level of the residents from this point of study, it aims to conduct a remote sensing RS and geographic information systems GIS ,depending on several satellite visuals which are different in dates for the production of high - definition maps representing the total Cadastral changes for residential use in the city of Basrah during the four decades of her life.In order to achieve the goal the study were divided into an introduction and four chapters, as the first chapter dealt with digital processing and interpretation of visual and space analysis of the factors influencing the change of residential land use in the city of Basra, while the second chapter touched on the spatial distribution of land use in the city and changes cadastral study, according to availability the visuals of the satellite to four points, which included maps of selected years (1977.1989, 2002.2016) as well as a field study of the researcher. The third chapter pointed to changes in the category of residential uses and patterns in the city, according to (5) vertebrae represented (the stages of growth of the city of Basra and that historically tracked and spatial analysis of the development of residential land use, analysis of residential patterns in the city, changes in the use of residential land in terms of style or class whether in the negative, the study of the most important implications of changes in a class or style residential use. go on fourth chapter in the study of the planning practices of the city's future and the changes of uses of residential land for the period 1942 - 2014 which was addressedto all the basic designs that addressed the city of Basra seemed pre - prepare her basic designs and finishes basic design (development of the city of Basra strategy and updating its basic design) in 2014, So the study reached to a number of important conclusions like : 1. The increasing population growth in the city and the contrast differences in economic levels of the families and the security situation and the availability of labor is a way compressor to changes in the residential uses, either positively or negatively.2. The ( populated, political, social, economic, and transport variables play a pivotal role in the Cadastral variables for residential use.3. The absence of activation of Laws and the deterioration of Oversight reality, especially after the regime change in 2003 was an important catalyst in the encroachment on farmland and empty spaces within the city which belongs to government agencies so the secretion status of random housing is done ,so we find that the freedom of the disposition of the residential units (irregular or random) and in the absence of law this reflected on the residential changes whether this change in the sort or in the pattern positively or negatively.4.The country policy which represents Stakeholders for four decade has its deep impact in finding changes cadastral For the residential use which is marked by the distribution of residential blocks on different segments according circumstances experienced by the country including the study area.

المناخ وعلاقته بالافات التي تصيب المحاصيل الزراعية في محافظة البصرة == Climate And Its Relationship With The Agricultural Pests That Infect Agricultural Crops In Basrah Province

اسم المؤلف: اية عبد الرضا حامد المازني
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الافات الزراعية من المشاكل الخطيرة التي تواجه الانتاج الزراعي وللمناخ دور كبير في ظهورها وانتشارها خاصة عندما يشذ عن معدلاته او تفوق او تقل عن متطلبات المحصول. تهدف الدراسة الى تسليط الضوء على العلاقة بين الخصائص المناخية لمحافظة البصرة والافات الزرا | Agricultural pests are regarded serious problems that face agricultural production. Climate has a great role in their appearance especially when its rates go up or down the needs of the crop. The present study aims at shedding light on the relationship between climatic characteristics of Basrah province and the agricultural pests that infect the crops of (palms, wheat, tomato, eggplant, cucumber, watermelon, melon, okra and onion). These agricultural crops have a great economic and trophic importance. Therefore, production rates should be raised and its quality should be improved by observing agricultural pests whether they are diseases or insects that affect the quantity and quality of production. Especially if we know that new insects have entered Iraq like Tuta Absoluta and the Red Palm Weevil which started to affect many agricultural crops. Add t this the endemic diseases like Leaf Blights, Fusarium Wilt, and Powdery Mildew which greatly affect the production despite of the suitability of the climatic conditions and other natural conditions. The collection of the data of the study was done through field work. Four sites were chosen (Karmat Ali, Abo - Alkhaseeb, Aldair, and Az - Zubair) to observe the agricultural pests that infect the crops involved in the study starting from the beginning of the agricultural season 2015 - 2016 and to determine the rate of prevalence for each crop according to the location of prevalence. The study is composed of three chapters in addition to the introduction and conclusions. The first chapter is devoted to the analysis of the climatic characteristics of Basrah province, especially those factors that are related to the agricultural process like solar beams, temperature, relative humidity, winds and dust. Chapter two involved the climatic requirements of the crops under study. Chapter three is concerned with the field observance of the diseases that infected the crops and also the insects and natural plants (grass). The study concluded that the majority of the known diseases appear in different rates on the crops. There appeared also some affections caused by insects especially Tuta Absoluta and Red Palm Weevil. The study also concluded that the prevalence of the diseases and insects didn’t reach to the extent that classify them to be epidemic, their prevalence percentages were somehow reasonable within the season 2015 - 2016.

تلوث الترب في قضاء الرميثة وتاثيرها على الانتاج الزراعي : دراسة في جغرافية التربة == The Pollution Of Soils In Rumaitha City And Its Effect On The Agricultural Production : A Study In Soil Geography

اسم المؤلف: افراح هاشم فرحان كاطع المرشدي
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد الله رحيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aims at assessing the pollution type in the soil of the banks and Basins in Rumaitha city and its effect on the agricultural production. It is divided into three chapters : chapter One is devoted to investigate the natural Factors which are represented by (the location of the sample area, its geological and surface structure, climate properties, water resources, and natural plants) and humanistic Factors which are represented by (tilling and adjustment, irrigation, drainage and fertilization of the soil and the agricultural system). Chapter Two is concerned with the physical and chemical properties of the soil of the sample area while chapter Three investigated the Geographical distribution of soil pollution in the city of Rumaitha in which it discusses the definitions of pollution, its causes and effects on the agricultural areas. Some samples of soil and water were gathered during the period of the study (2015 - 2016). The study has concluded the following : Chapter OneThe results of the analysis of the banks and basins soils structures has shown contrastive mixtures of mud, mud - silt, and mud - silt - mud. Also the Virtual and real density of the soil is variant in the banks and basins. Moreover, the value of the organic material and soil reaction, and the average of the positive and negative ions, are variant too. Chapter Two The study shows that the geographical and humanistic factors have huge effects on some of the physical and chemical properties of the soil of Al - Rumaitha city and its relation to the agricultural production. Throughout the geological structure, surface equability, climate properties, paucity and scatter of natural plants, the quality of irrigation water, and water and salinity grade, several aspects of soil construction were identified which are reflected on the real structure and density of the soil. Moreover, it contains organic materials, salinity, and Positive and negative ions which are intensive in the soil of the basins rather than the banks of the river. The human has a big negative influence on these properties because of his wrong agricultural methods which are represented by tilling the soil, excessive irrigation especially in the unsuitable periods of irrigation, following the traditional methods in irrigation, the Scarcity of broaches, the wrong use of Chemical and organic fertilizers pesticides. All of these factors helped in the process of soil pollution and the intensity of salinity and heavy materials.Chapter ThreeThis chapter is concerned with salinity and osmotic pressure and mutual sodium and positive ions such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, and negative ions like chlorine, sulfates, and bicarbonates as well as their importance to the plants. The role of the heavy factors to the developing plants appears during the germination, branching, flowering, and maturity stages and on the agricultural production as a whole. Although there are some factors of pollution, the soils of Al - Majid and AL - Najmi townships were the best in producing the various agricultural crops. While there is a decrease in production of Al - Hilal township especially on the banks of the river because they receive a lot of water pollution. It was also concluded that the soils of the banks are higher and better in their productive capability than the drains which are highly effected by the salinity and the intensity of heavy materials in addition to the bad management of the soil. The results of the analysis have shown that the city is copious with the various types of agricultural corps like grain, and vegetables. Sesame plant is the prominent in planting and production because of the suitable soil, and its capability to endure salinity which is scattered in farmlands.

تاثير العوامل الجغرافية في انتشار مرضي حساسية الجهاز التنفسي والربو في محافظة ذي قار == The Effect Of The Geographicl Factors In Spreading The Allergy Of The Respiratory System And Asthma In Thiqar Governorate

اسم المؤلف: عباس زغير محيسن المرياني
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The relationship between human and his environment in general and his health in special way, not generated during just past centuries, but it had its roots when the God created human on the earth. He is struggling to be adapted for his safety in the time that the environment is simple and uncomplicated either at the present time and under the industrial progress and environmental pollution situations, the human environment became complicated and health problems increased to be the main concerns of the complexity of the impact of seminars and scientific conferences. Perhaps say Legacy (Health is a crown on the heads of healthy people, just feeling by the patient) referring to particular importance of health. Respiratory disease considered as an environmental diseases that afflict a large portion of human society at different age groups, and quality. Wherever conditions were favorable for the human injury, he falls as prey on the impact of the disease. Respiratory disease, respiratory allergies and asthma has multiple causes, compatible with and due to the multiplicity of tissues and organs that being infections involved firstly, and for multiplicity of environmental factors that cause disease secondly. Human self - predisposing of allergies and asthma led to the respiratory infections irrelevant to the different environmental factors leading to the injury. Natural factors such as climate and its components have a direct or indirect effect. However, some human activity may result environmental changes such as air pollution that caused by gases and smoke particles that induce a negative impact on the respiratory system. These factors may initiate together interfering impact, creating a harmful atmosphere to human population in the absence of concern for the environment. Finally may reflected negatively on the health and human lifestyle and thus get many diseases, including allergy and asthma.The study is subjected to reveal the most prominent environmental factors (natural and human - making) that lead to the spread of respiratory illness (respiratory allergies and asthma) in the province of Thi Qar, and then find a correlation between them to show the temporal and spatial contrast as well as the identifying the demographic characteristics of infected people in correlation with by age and quality groups. The study is based on descriptive and statistical analytic approaches, which converts digital data into information for the purpose of the comparison and stand on the most important reasons that explain the change phenomenon in the time and place designated to serve the scientific research as well as that used observations and interviews for the purpose of collecting data and verifying their accuracy, especially for human side.This thesis considered as the first study interesting with geographical respiratory disease respiratory allergies and asthma distribution in Thi Qar province. It has been used a statistical ways and means to address the data to serve the research topic and on the basis that attended chapters as follows : The first chapter discussed the theoretical and organizational framework that included a range of environmental terminology and types of diseases and respiratory diseases, allergies and asthma.Chapter two contributes in the study of the environmental factors for the emergence of diseases, allergies and respiratory in ThiQar.Chapter three specializes in the study of temporal variation of the allergy of respiratory diseases during the period of 2004 - 2009 according to the following characteristics : - Annual changes to the allergies of respiratory diseases, asthma and its relationship to variable environmental factors. - Relationship of climate characteristics with seasonal variables for under study diseases.Chapter four interested in the following items : - Detection of spatial variation of infected people in related to diseases under study and the roles of environmental factors to show that variance. - The study of demographic characteristics (age and gender composition) of people with disease under study.

شط العرب : الخصائص الهيدرولوجية والاستثمارات المائية == Shatt - Al - Arab Hydro Logical Features And Water Exploitations

اسم المؤلف: صفية شاكر معتوق المطوري
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس | منعم مجيد حمد الحمادة
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Shatt Al - Arab forms from the confluence of : rs main tributries the Tigris and Euphrates at Qurna. It occupies the lower part of the basin. It runs south - eastward to flow into the /\rab Gulf with 196 Km length and an average width of 500 m. The river depthvaries from 7 m at Fao to J 5 m in Basrah. Its total basin area is 909200 Krn2.The physical and human factors have agreate in flunce upon the geneual properties of water in the area. The geological struction itself has an influnce upon the river discharge throughout the seepage loses which take part in increasing the salt groundwater( approximately ( 8 - 64 ) m mhos I cm ) , in addition , the gentle slopes of the ground with an average of 0. 02 m I km decreased the river flow to ( approximately 0.55 m Is ).The dry climate with high temperatures approximately 24 , 8° C, low rainfall with an average annual of 142 mm and the interse evaporation 3090.51 mm , have their role in increasing the water losses from the river to 0.21 ~ill ion cubic meter ( bcm ).Furthermore , the human conditions inside and outside the country have their influnce upon the quantity and quality of water especially the upstream riparian basin states which take large scale development particularly in storage and irrigation. Also , the. traditional irrigation methods play a negative role in wasting and polluting water. Further , the increase in demanding wate1· for the different use aspects of improvements. The study of the hydrological properties indicate that the average water discharge reaches to 646 cumecs ( m3 I s ) ( 20.3 bcm ) for the period ( 1986 - 1998 ). Its water , discharge depends on its main tributaries : Tigris , Euphrates , Al - Sewib and Al - Eiz with an arerge annual of 168 , 151 , 105 , 222 cumecs Successively. It also depends on Al - Karon discharge with an average annual of 63 cumecs at present. The river discharge various yearly , seasonally and monthly depending on the water year properties , i.e. weather in is wet , neutral , or dry. Water levels vary also yearly ,seasonally and monthly depending on discharge and the influence of ebb and tide.The present study shows that Shatt - Al - Arab faces many problems such as the influence of storage projects and the exploitations of the upstream riparian states on water quantity and quality , the effect of different sorts of pollution. The area also suffers from lack of management staff in their duties and the absence of observation and association of the concerned authorities.Exploitation from all its sides proved that the present requirements controle 34.5 % of the available water. It was also revelied that the water budget in higher than the available water with an average surplus of 13.22 hem meanwhile , the area confronts future waher deficit as a result of the development in accomplishing irrigation and storage projects of the upstream basin states and Iraq which will reach to 82 bcm.

الاستقرار الريفي في قضاء شط العرب == A Stability Rural In The Shatt Al - Arab District

اسم المؤلف: لمى غازي عوفي التميمي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة التعرف على واقع الاستقرار الريفي في منطقة الدراسة والتي تحددت بقضاء شط العرب بحسب وحداته الادارية هي (مركز قضاء شط العرب، ناحية النشوة), اذ اشتمل القضاء على (39) مستقرة ريفية منها (18) مستقرة ريفية تقع ضمن مركز القضاء، و(21) مستقرة ريفية في ن | The aim of this research is to recognize on reality of rural stability in the ears of study, which located at Shatt - al - Arab according to its unit agnosticism, Which is (canton the Shatt al - Arab Center, Canton of Al - Nashua), Which includes (39) rural stable of which (18) are located at Canton Center, and (21) at Al - Nashua township, as Well as that the study improves that that influence 0f the historical dimension to the emergence of rural Settlements as the region Suffers to numerous administrative Changes as merging Al - Nashua township With all its settlements administratively With all Shatt - al - Arab in 1983 after that it Was belonged to Al Qurna township and thus prepare rural Settlements Served increased in the study area.......There are Several factors influenced the distribution of rural stability, including human and other natural and emerged three distributional patterns of Settlements served consisted linear pattern which forms the rate (64.1%) and the accumulated pattern by the rate (12.8%) and the dispersed patterns by the rate(23.1%) of the total numbers stable.The studies showed the variation in sizes settlements some of urban sprawl and its impact on reducing agricultural land area as a result of the process of saie of agricultural land and turn it into housing units resulting from population growth and family fission, as studies addressed the reason that led to the reluctance of farmers for agriculture and showed of farmers for agriculture. Population education, health and marketing as well as study the reality of educational, health and recreational services and the infrastructure as study followed uses of residential, agricultural, industrial and commercial land and therefore the study came out the conclusions aimed at the advelopmement of resistance spot and the advancement of the current betterment will be discussed and explained in detail through the chapters of the message

تحليل جغرافي سياسي للعلاقات العراقية - التركية بعد عام 2003 == A Geographic - Political Analysis Of Iraqi - Turkey Relations Post 2003

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن علي عبد الرحمن الجادر
اسم المشرف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية السياسية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتناول البحث دراسة العلاقات العراقية - التركية للمدة من (2003 - 2014) من منظور جغرافي سياسي للدولتين يمنحنا تصورا جيوبوليتيكيا عن طبيعة سير العلاقات بينهما توافقا واختلافا؛ نظرا لما شهدته الدولتان من تطورات داخلية في كل منهما؛ اذ تشكل مرحلة ما ب | This study deals with the Iraqi - Turkey relations for the period 2003 - 2014 from political and geographical perspectives. It gives us a clear geopolitical vision of the nature of the relations between these states in cases of Compatibility and disagreement. This period is very important in forming the relations between these two countries, for both of them witnessed some important developments during this period. Iraq witnessed a radical change in its political system after the 9th of April 2003, which creates new political, economic and security situations. Turkey, on the other hand, witnessed the arrival of Turkish Justice and Development Party, with Islamic orientation, to the power in 2002. That arrival, which was accompanied with domestic social, political and economic changes as well as changes in both regional and international relations, makes Turkey a more effective power in the region. The theory of Strategic Depth adopted by turkey has a prominent role in the construction of multiple positive relationships with European, Islamic and Arab countries, including Iraq, and this has reflected on the bilateral relations between Turkey and Iraq.The importance of studying the Iraqi - Turkish relations stems from the importance of their geographical Neighborhood and their mutual effect in the economic, ethnic and political fields such as the Kurdish state, Kirkuk, and water shares that affected Iraqi power and its political entityThe study aims to a comprehensive analysis of the geographical and political components of the two countries in order to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each ingredient to guide relations between the two countries in order to achieve their political advantage. The study sought to Confirm that the balance in the political relations between Iraq and Turkey is the base of strong relations between the two countries, which determine the direction of their future relations geopolitically.The main findings of this study is that the Iraqi - Turkish relations have moved from being limited to the interference in the internal affairs of Iraq; because of the impact of common issues and the concomitant serious security implications, such as the Kurds' claim of Kirkuk governorate, and ongoing threats of the PKK to Turkey, as well as the water issue on the relations between the two countries. The Turkish political decision - maker, however, is keen to activate diplomacy to promote political and economic relations with Iraq, the resolution of the outstanding problems between the two countries in accordance with the strategic framework envisages not harming the common interests between them. The fruit of those trends was the establishment of the Supreme Council for strategic cooperation between the two countries in 2008, which can represent the basis for strengthening the relations in several areas, including : political, economic and security between the two countries in the future up to the full level of strategic partnership.Although Turkey has the geographical and political components that enable the Turkish decision - maker to exercise an influential role in its relations with Iraq, yet, the political instability in Iraq made it a target of international, regional and Turkish intervention in order to form a new political situation in line with the Turkish political and geopolitical interests; therefore Turkey took advantage of several circumstances to put Iraq under pressure due to the requirements of interest with the absence of Iraqi political vision in handling foreign issues which turns the Iraqi position to be weak if not totally absentHowever, the position of the Turkish political decision - maker changed in 2008 to earnest support of the Iraqi government to preserve the unity of Iraq, its stability to enable Turkey maintaining the unity of the Turkish territory, and to strengthen trade ties with Iraq to increase the volume of trade exchange between the two countries to reach up to (20 billion) dollars in the coming years. Turkey understands that any interference in Iraq's political affairs will affect the process of accession to the EU. So the study emphasized the need to adopt the principle of (political balance with neighboring countries), which consists of several policies represent a mechanism for the Iraqi decision maker to handle with Turkey, other neighboring countries.Iraq represents the link between Turkey and the Arab Gulf States and Southeast Asian countries. While the Turkish neighborhood represents Iraq's outlet to Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan and to all European countries, and the mutual benefits between the two countries strengthen the cooperation to serve their interests together and encourage the two countries to establish good neighborliness. The investment of Turkish human resources and its employment in Iraq is very important, particularly in the economic and military sphere in order to help Iraq recover and the building of the new Iraqi state.It becomes clear that there is a range of forecasts governed by the factors of attraction or repulsion based on the present and future relations between the two countries, if these factors are exploited properly, they will lead to build a prosperous future. The decision - maker in both countries must understand that the two countries complement each other and that the strong relations between the two countries are based on the principles of good neighborliness and the principle of political balance with neighboring countries.

الوظيفة السكنية للمراكز الحضرية في قضاء المدينة == The Residential Function Of The Urban Centers In Al - Mdeyna District

اسم المؤلف: مريم خيرالله خلف
اسم المشرف: رعد ياسين محمد الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الوظيفة السكنية واحدة من الوظائف المهمة في المدينة كونها ترتبط بتجمعات سكانية كثيرة وكذلك تبرز اهميتها في مجمل الفعاليات والوظائف داخل المدينة فضلا عن اشتراكها مع بقية الوظائف في السيطرة على مساحة الحيز الحضري، كما انها تعنى بواحدة من اهم المتطلبات | The residential Function is considered as one of the important functions in the city ,Because : it is relates so many communities, as Its importance clearly appears in the whole activities and functions within the city, besides its participation with the other functions in controlling the area of the urban space. Residential Function is also concerned with one of the most important and essential human requirements that’s satisfy individual and family instincts, desires and privacies. Even if the city is devoid of some functions, we cannot imagine how a city without residence. Due to the increase of civilization around the world, the importance of residence was increases; Therefore the Residential Function occupies the widest area in all the cities of the world in comparison to what other functions occupy. The importance of the residential function appears from the ratio that occupies compared to the built area and the total space of the cite , But it may increase in the Developing Countries more than the Developed Ones, Because of lot of Specialists were interested in fields and cities’ variant scopes and the problems they suffer from ,They have been interested in the studies concerned with those problems and the attempt to find the properiate solutions. The Urban Studies is considered as one of the most geographical studies that dealt with Residential , due to its relationship with the population and the importance it has on the overall Functional activities in a cities as the industrial, commercial and service - ones. The thesis aims to study the residential function of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna District by following up the morphological stages those centers passed through, specifying the residential problem and the required methods to handle it. The study aims as well to reveal the residential structure of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna and the contributed factors in forming the dwelling Fact whence the number of houses, their occupation degree and the constructional status of those houses, as well as to identify the reasons that make such cities unstable residentially, social and construction ally so as to state dwelling regions in it. Since there is no specialized urban studies handled the residential function in the urban centers of Al - Mdeyna district, this study adopt the obtained information from the field study represented by questionnaire, personal interviews and the visits to the related State offices.The nature of this study have required it to contain five chapters : Chapter One, deals with the morphology of the urban centers in Al - Mdeyna and give a historical background about the three centers , Chapter two handles the prototyped design that was drawn for the three cities and evaluating it. Chapter Three deals with the dwelling and city structures adopting a group of variables and criteria to highlight the dwelling districts reality and its locative contrast among the city parts; which, by the residential regions were revealed in the urban centers as studied in Chapter Four. Chapter Five concluded the study by addressing the residence problem in the city and the environmental issues the residential area suffer from, Reveal the reasons of the problem aggravation and the proposed solutions to handle that problem. Several conclusions and Recommendations concluded The Study.

تقييم كفاءة النقل البحري العراقي ودوره في التنمية الاقتصادية : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Evaluation Of Iraqi Maritime Transportation And Its Role In The Economic Development A Study In Transportation Geography

اسم المؤلف: نجم الدين عبد الله نجم الحجاج
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Maritime transportation is considered as one of the most important pillars of economy to any state in the world. It is an everlasting resource to that economy that support the treasury of the state. In addition, it is important to both international and internal trade. Ports are the contact points with other foreign states. They are transporters to different kinds of goods and products around the world. Besides, they help in mixing social and cultural relations among costal states and cities.Maritime transportation has pushed all states especially the developed ones to forward different types of investments in this sector due to the huge revenue. It is a useful resource if there is an appropriate economic, social and political climate. Some states rely about 70% on this sector as contribution to their income budgets.Maritime transportation in Iraq is not an exception, on the contrary, it contributes a great deal to the national budget. It contributes to the economic wheel of progress in the country. It is the vital vein to the different stuff of the whole trade. After 2003, there was a recognizable exposure to the world which resulted in overflow of various goods making use of the political change. About 85% of the different goods are imported through maritime transportation. it represent a lung to the country without which there would be a great deficiency.The study falls into five chapters, introduction, abstract, conclusion, and recommendations. Chapter One has two sections. Section one surveys the history of maritime transportation in Iraq. In section two we study the elements of the transportation(ship, road, port). Chapter Two deals with the natural and human resources that may affect the transportation. Chapter Three is devoted to the criteria of performance evaluation of maritime transportation in Iraq by applying these criteria on the elements of transportation. Chapter Four deals with the effect of transportation on the economic development. Chapter Five shows the present situation as well as the future expectation of maritime transportation in Iraq by forwarding future expectation from 5 to 10 years to arrive at changes and development that the transportation could witness

تحليل جغرافي لحالات الطلاق المسجلة في محافظة البصرة للمدة 2003 - 2012 == Geographical Analysis Of Divorce ReGIStered Cases In Basra Province For The Period (2003 - 2012)

اسم المؤلف: سعد عكموش نجم الصليخي
اسم المشرف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية السكانية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد الطلاق ظاهره عالميه موجودة في كل المجتمعات وهو امر عرفته البشرية منذ قديم الزمان , وكانت له طرائق واشكال مختلفة من بيئة الى بيئة ومن عصر الى اخر, وقد اقرته الاديان كل بطريقته. فاقر الاسلام الطلاق ونظمه تنظيما دقيقا مراعيا في ذلك الاسرة و| Divorce is a global phenomenon that exists in all societies and is known to mankind from along times. It has various ways and forms ; it differs from one society to another and from one age to another. All religions have admitted divorce, each in its own way. Islam has endorsed divorce; it organized in a way that takes into consideration the happiness of the family on one hand and to maintain the human society on the other. This study aims to examine the problem of divorce in Basra province through the divorce cases in the period (2003 - 2012). In addition to the results of the field study through a questionnaire form that was distributed to a divorced women to identify the main reasons and motives that led to occurrence of divorce cases, some methods and statistical programs have been used in this study to reach accurate results about this phenomenon and how it spreads in Basra society, and to the main reasons behind such a problem. The results have shown that there is a large increase in divorce cases and its climax was in year (2012). Several reasons have contributed to the growth of this phenomenon, especially in recent years, but the social factors and the change of some customs and traditions have the major role in the increase of divorce cases. Some solutions have been put forward to delimit this phenomenon, which extends its effects on divorced women and men, and its impact on children and then the family and the entire society. This study consists of four chapters. These chapters have been preceded by a theoretical introduction, which includes the definition of divorce and the study of divorce cases globally, regionally and locally. The first chapter deals with demographics of Basra province as well as studying the growth of divorce cases during the study period. The second chapter studies the geographic distribution of this phenomenon in the province through some metrics. The third chapter deals with demographic, social and economic characteristics of the divorce cases. While the fourth chapter investigated the causes of divorce and its effects.

ميناء مبارك الكويتي وتاثيراته على العراق : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Mubarak Kuwait Port And Its Impacts On Iraq : A Study In Political Geography

اسم المؤلف: حاكـم هيال جاسـم التوبـي
اسم المشرف: سعود عبد العزيز عبد المحسن الشعبان الفضلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية السياسية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناول موضوع الدراسة - ميناء مبارك الكويتي وتاثيراته على العراق - دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية عدة طروحات تمثلت بالاثر الذي سيتركه الميناء وموقعه ونشاطه المستقبلي على الموانئ العراقية والاقتصاد العراقي بشكل عام. وتكمن اهمية الموضوع في توقيت انشاء الميناء و| The subject matter of the study - Mubarak Kuwait Port and its impacts on Iraq - a study in political geography - deals with some arguments represented by the impact that the port and its location and anticipated activity leaves on Iraqi ports and Iraqi Economy in general. The importance of the subject matter lies in the timing of the port construction and the Iraqi objections that it created at all levels which expressed their fears of impeding Iraqi Navigation in Khor Al Zubair and thereafter Iraqi trade with the outside world particularly more than tow third of the trade of Iraq is imported via its economical ports in Arab Gulf. Furthermore , most of Iraqi petroleum exports are exported via its oil ports in Arab Gulf where oil tankers cross the waters of Arab Gulf beyond Iraqi sovereignty. this geopolitical situation is also a source of concern for the decision makers in Iraq. It can be recognized that how Kuwait made use of natural phenomena especially the tide phenomenon in the construction of Mubarak port on the base of reducing the effects of such phenomenon causing deposition to occur on the Kuwaiti shore. in turn , erosion and scour occur on Iraqi shore leading for the Kuwait to obtain more soils on the account of Iraqi regional waters and soils. By considering the port drawings , it is quite clear that damages will fall upon Iraq because the port is due to be constructed in a place where maritime traffic will widely increased. In addition , the deviation of canal route towards the Kuwaiti shore and the port impeding thereof. Furthermore , the fact that Mubarak port is very much close to Al Fao port - about 4 KM distance roughly - means that the later hindered Iraqi plans in expanding AL Fao Grand Port. Iraq accordingly was obliged to move Al Fao port away southward to its previous location which opposite Mubarak port because the area is being seriously narrow where there is availability and countering of tow big ports. Navigation cannot move fluently and safely which jeopardizes Iraqi ports in Khor Al Zubair besides Al Fao port to be disabled or crippled part of their activities especially the navigation canal lies in the regional Kuwaiti waters. Worthy of recognition , the historical heritage of Iraq - Kuwait relation has created unstable situations overwhelmed with suspicion and mistrust to both parties because of the military tragic events took place between the two countries and the Kuwaiti feeling of fear and caution due to Iraq 's movements in the waters of the Arab Gulf in addition to the perennial concern due to Iraq's demands of Kuwait belonging thereto. Moreover, Iraq fears the damages that affect Iraqi trade when Mubarak port will be in operation which means the occurrence of imminent threat jeopardizes Iraqi ports and warns the loss of huge financial incomes due to the loss of thousands of job opportunities for workers as well as shipment agencies and maritime shipment lines may be transferred to Mubarak port which will disrupt the track work of Iraqi Ports and then it will paralyze their movement which means that there are Iraqi fears because of Kuwaiti intentions in Mubarak port.This study offered some scenarios besides Iraq ' s available capabilities to reduce the damage of this port. The study showed the political and economical motives behind the establishment of this port. The structuring of the study was made of five chapters. The first chapter deals with theoretical and conceptual framework while the second deals with natural and human features of Iraqi shore. the third chapter presents a historical outline of Iraqi - Kuwaiti Relations as well as the location and the drawings of the port. the fourth chapter focuses on the Mubarak port political and economical impacts on Iraq. the fifth chapter presents the anticipated scenarios of Mubarak port - a geopolitical study - besides the available capabilities of Iraq to avoid or rather reduce part of these damages.

تطور النقل البحري لموانئ العراق (1950 - 2000) : دراسة في جغرافية النقل == Development Of Sea Transport In Iraq Ports (1950 - 2000)

اسم المؤلف: علي حسين خميس حسن العنزي
اسم المشرف: حميد غالب عجيل السكيني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims at investigation sea transport in Iraqi ports during the period of 1950 - 2000. Geography of sea transport has not been given enough attention by the researchers in spite of its high importance. Needless to say that such studies will give clear insights about the dynamics of sea cleat in sights about the dynamics f sea transport as one of the most important human and social activities. Sea transport and coordinating the roles of the other sectors such as preparing these sectors and making them more capable of benefiting and developing the societies so as to serve the national economy. To achieve the aims of this research and to provide the proper solution and to provide the proper solutions for the many problems of sea transport and ports in Iraq, the researcher divided the study into four chapters. Chapter one presents a historical review of Iraqi ports since the first civilizations in ancient Iraq. Its also mentions the struggle among the other ancient civilization to control Iraqi ports up to the modern time. The chapter two also draws a real picture of every Iraqi port today. Chapter two tackles the human and natural effects that limit the activity and the direction of the sea transport coming to the Iraqi ports. Chapter three studies the naval services in Iraqi ports by highlighting the activities and the capacities of production in the establishments like wharves, warehouses stores, cranes and other means of transport in these ports. Chapter four deals with the movement and the direction of sea transport. This includes preparing ships, cargo movement inside the ports in addition to shedding light on the roles of persons as means of transport. The chapter also analyzed the role of the Iraqi ports in Iraqi foreign trade. It also discusses the spatial relations among the Iraq ports concerning the direction of transport, the trade transaction on the wharves, predicting the future potentials of the amount transported and the geographical. Location selected for constructing new Iraqi ports. The most important conclusions of the study are : 1. The different human and natural factors affect the Iraqi ports either positively or negatively. 2. The geographical location of Iraq ports that can serve Iraqi foreign trade. 3. Iraqi ports offer good naval services. 4. Political and economic affect the activities in the country highly affect the activities in the Iraqi ports to the extent that they can completely stop them. 5. Sea transport is one of the main components of the infrastructure and it is a basic element of Iraqi national economy

الصناعات الغذائية الكبيرة فـــــي العــــراق : دراسة في الجغرافية الصناعية == The Big Manufactures For Food In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: فارس مهدي محمد
اسم المشرف: عبد العزيز محمد حبيب العبادي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The purpose of this study is to analyse the establishing factors of the big feeding manufacture in Iraq and study its geographical cantext with an explantion and suitable resolution to its problems.The subject is chosen because there is no previous , independent and defailed , study in our country inspile of the fat that it is of high importance to us.The study falls into four chapters. the first is about the importance and the imporvement of the big feeding manufacture. The second is about the essence and the factores of the monufacturing establishment. The third is about the big feeding manufacture’s situation and its geographical distribution throughont our country ( 22 sectors of the big feeding manufacture are involved in the study ). The fourth explainsd the problems and provides the suitable solution to them. The study helps the researcher to arrive of furdamental conclusions. The following are the most important ones : 1. The big feeding manufacture has the great importance in Iraqi for it provides the individuals with the needed and basic materials. Such as to grind the seeds , Sugar , vegetable oil , and package.2. The big feeding manufacture has the greatest importance in comparision with the middle and smal feeding manufacture. This is because it provides the great amount of money.3. The big feeding manufacture has the greafast asnd the most important place within the others. That is , the number of the big feeding manufacture’s factories has increased to reach ( 192 ) up within the year ( 2000 ). These factopries are distributed throughout the ( 15th ) governments , including ( 20540 ) workers.4. The number of the special secfor factories has became ( 178 ) within the year ( 2000 ) including (8507 ) workers. While the number of the socialist secfor factories has became ( 13 ) , incl;uding ( 9543 ) workers. Finally the , the number of the mixed secfor factories has became ( 5 ) , including ( 2492 ) workers. 5. Throughout the study’s appliction during the year ( 2001 ) , it appears that the number of both factories and workers within the two sectors of the socialits and the mixed , is just the same of that of the Ministry of Planning manifestation , whereas the number of the special sector factories has became ( 328 ) - , including ( 21308 ) workers.6. Factors of astablishing manufacture have affected the industrial places , such as row materials , the government’s , politics , the location and other factors which have the great importancve in specifying the right industrial locations.7. The biog feeding manufature is focused within ther governments of Baghdad , Deyala m Wassit , Alnajaf , Kahrbalah , Meessan. Their percertages are ( 0.26 ; 0.03 ; 0.007 ; 0.003 ; 0.01 ; 0.02 ) perspectively , whereas there is no such focus within the governments of Basrah , Ninevah , Thiquari Babylon , AlQuadisea , Altaameem. Alanbar , Almuthena and Salahaddeen. Their pecenfages are ( - 0.09 ; - 0.0006 ; - 0.02 ; - 0.08 ; - 0.05 ; - 0.01 ) perspectively.8. The study reveals that there are manufactures that have strategic importance in Iraq , such as industrial oils , industrial sugar. Besides , these industries are in need for more improivement to get work again.9. There are industries that have a special importance within each government. such industries are considered the most needed manufactures for both socity and individuals , such manufactures are to grind the seeds , making ice , ete. 10. There are monufactures that are not found except within the government of wassil ( making the mite squeeze ) , or * making alcohol , local gum and cigar ) within the government of Baghdad. 11. Inspile of the fact , the time , that is allotted to the measuring of the complex growth of the big feeding manufacture , was very little , this little time has a chieved a considerable complex growth for both factories and workers.The complex growth percentage was ( % - 17.76 during the year of ( 1995 ) and it becames ( % 4.38 ) during the year of ( 2000 ) as for as factories are concerned , whereas for workers the percentage was ( % - 2.96 ) and becomes ( % 1.82 ). The same is true for the addition values ; production values and the needed materials for production.12. Many factories are chased because there are no row materials. Such factories are those which concerned with the vegetable oils and sugar. 13. The big feeding manufactures are suffering many problem especially those that are related to the row mateerials and their scarce , beside forcign compefition ; cutting electricity ; not many cool vehicles , ete.]]]

مشروع نهر العز : دراسة في جغرافية الموارد المائية == Al : Ezz Project River : A Study In Geography Of Water Resources

اسم المؤلف: حسن خليل حسن المحمود
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

مركزية موقع البصرة وهامشيته في صيرورة التاريخ : دراسة في الجغرافية التاريخية == Centralitv Of Basrah Location And Its Maruinalitv In Historv Process A Study Of Historical Geography

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن علي عبد الرحمن الجادر
اسم المشرف: ماهر يعقوب موسى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Basrah loc.ation has moved from one site to another. The movement of this location directed the course of the historical events because viewing the geographical location from different corners reveal various results which add to its dynamics. The flexibility of location helped in clarifying the geographical location and Its activity is one of the important factors in formulating the qualities and the morphology of the region and its effect on the human life and activities. These qualities and morphology emerges as results of its relations with the other geographical locations.The value of the geographical location may completely changes either towards improving or deteriorating which, in tum , means a maximum benefit or a maximum harm by the people.To achieve its aim, the study is divided into three chapters. The chapters are as follows : Chapter One tackles the concept of historical geography and it studies the geographical qualities of the city. The chapter concentrates on the location of Basrah and some of its natural qualities. Chapter Two deals with the historical events and their relation to the place in addition to the location response. Of the topics studied in this chapter aresequencing the historical events in the place and the way location of Basrah responded to the challenges of exploiting the historical events by the place throughout its history.Chapter Three discusses the spatial relations of the city of Basrah by studying the nature of these relations throughout the history of the city in addition to studying distribution of other centers that have spatial relations with the city of Basrah.

مدينة الفاو تطويرها الوظيفي وعلاقاتها الاقليمية == Fao City Its Functional Development A : Qd Regional Relatiollships

اسم المؤلف: محمد عنون مويش عبد الله السوداني
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1998
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aims to analyze the functional structure of Fao City in order to evaluate its functional efficiency as an appropriate environement for its people.Fao City is different from other cities of Iraq, as it had developed in usual! conditions up to 1980, and was suddenly occupied and destroyed during eight years ending in 1988. In 1989, a new planned city of Fao was built by great efforts of thestate, which achieved most of their goals in only 123 days. The study is divided into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the general geographical characteristics in two parts, firstly, the physical features of site and situation which includegeological structures, to pography, climate, water resources, and soils. Secondary, popullation characteristics of the city and its and its region, inculding population growth, and sex, age, and economic structures of population.The second chapter examines the old city of Fao in two parts, the first one deals with the historical development of the city, and the second with its functional structure, which consists of the commercial, industrial, residential and service functions,as well as the regional relationships of the city. The new city of Fao is discussed in chapter three, to study the master plan, functional structures, and regional relationships of the city, and evaluating its functional efficiency.The last part of the study is devoted to the conclusion and proposals to develope the city and its region.Finally, it can be said that the present study may contribute to the urban and rural planning for Fao City and the region.

توجهات تركيا نحو اقطار الخليج العربي : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية

اسم المؤلف: عبد الزهرة شلش زامل علوان العتابي
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم المطلبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1997
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The geographical situation of Turkey and the Arab Gulf countries gives them a geographic - strategic importance that they attract the attention of the big forces of the world. Turkey is the ring that links Europe to Asia or the west to the East. The Arab countries have a. very vital position in the world. They extend to the r\rab Sea and the Indian Ocean. Moreover, this spot has the biggest reservior of oil and a huge abundance of capital.The study begins with a suppossition that bas the form of a question which is answered throughout the research. The question is : Do the Geof,rraphic factors have effects on the nature of Turkish appeals towards the Arab Gulf countries?The research uses the analytical and morphological methods, the historical incidents, the geogrr ~ckles the natureal components like the geographic. astronomical, continental and marine situation of Turkey and the six Arab Gulf countries (Sandia Arabia, United Arab Amarates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, m;, · ~ - T ' chapter studies also the surface of land, Geo1o,rraphica : f;[on'n.ate and water : resources of both regions. The second chapter deals wi~f;!.. •• components like the population, economy

سكان دول الساحل الغربي للخليج العربي : دراسة جغرافية ديموغرافية مقارنة == Population Of The West Coast States Of The Arabian Gulf A Geographical, Demographical Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
اسم المشرف: رياض ابراهيم السعدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1998
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تجارة العراق الخارجية غير النفطية للفترة 1975 - 1985 : دراسة في جغرافية التجارة

اسم المؤلف: كاظم عبادي حمادي الجاسم
اسم المشرف: سرى محمود المدرس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير التلوث الصناعي في التوزيع الجغرافي لامراض الحساسية والربو في محافظة البصرة

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن جري مردان الحويدر
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

الخدمات التجارية في مدينة الحلة == The University Of Basrah College Of Arts Department Of Geography

اسم المؤلف: فؤاد عبد الله محمد
اسم المشرف: مضر خليل العمر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Considerable interest was, and still is, given to the city by scholars of various sciences in general, and by geographers in particular, because of the great significance it has on people's life, evidenced in the functions and services it offers.In spite of the small space the commercial services occupy from the total area of the city, these services are deemed as one of the major pillars of the city. Also, the traditional function tbat is inherent in the primary evolution of large number of cities, besides seeking to meet the needs of people for commodities and services, particularly those used in final consumption, represents an important sophisticated aspect and economic support of the city. Being so, it would be natural for Hilla city to attract the attention of the scholars of geography due to its significance and particularity in this field that made it occupy and represent the centre of Middle Furat region.This Thesis is divided into Five Chapters : The first chapter discusses the historic background through three topics. The first topic deals with the location and its significance in giving the city special importance influencing its functional structure and thenature of the relations existing between it and the other places. The second issue tackles the historic evolution of the city in which light is shed on the historic stages through which the city of Hilla has passed and the tasks it fulfilled as a city of vital location. The third aspect looked into the historic development of the commercial function in the city across time stages and roles and discussed some factors that had a major contribution in the development of the commercial function. The second chapter dealt with the commercial services in the city, which formed an introduction to the subject of the thesis. In this chapter tradesmen were classified in the city, as well as classifying the wholesale trade to local and central categories. It also iscussed the fiscal services in the city and their influence on the maintenance of the commercial activity in particular, as well as studying the complementary services of commercial nature and their influence on maintaining the economic activity movement, in general, and the commercial activity, in particular.The third chapter dealt with tte usages of the C.B.D, in the city of Hilla through various topics. These topics included the definition of the central commercial area in accordance with known standards; the study of the commercial structure of the city; the emonstration of the hierarchical succession of marketing centres therein, whereafter the role and significance of each centre is illustrated in fulfilling the needs of the people; the of the city in which light is shed on the historic stages through which the city of Hilla has passed and the tasks it fulfilled as a city of vital location. The third aspect looked into the historic development of the commercial function in the city across time stages and roles and discussed some factors that had a major contribution in the development of the commercial function. The second chapter dealt with the commercial services in the city, which formed an introduction to the subject of the thesis. In this chapter tradesmen were classified in the city, as well as classifying the wholesale trade to local and central categories. It also discussed the fiscal services in the city and their influence on the maintenance of the commercial activity in particular, as well as studying the complementary services of commercial nature and their influence on maintaining the economic activity movement, in general, and the commercial activity, in particular. The third chapter dealt with tte usages of the C.B.D, in the city of Hilla through various topics. These topics included the definition of the central commercial area in accordance with known standards; the study of the commercial structure of the city; the demonstration of the hierarchical succession of marketing centres therein, whereafter the role and significance of each centre is illustrated in fulfilling the needs of the people; the study of the commercial usage in the basic designs of the city of Hilla and the comparison of such usage with the marketing facilities in a number of foreign (European) cities in order to realize the planning situation in Iraq and thereafter to bring about such facilities or marketing centres.Chapter four dealt with the geographical distribution patterns for four commercial categories. In this chapter grocery, ready made clothes, textiles and jewellery shops were chosen. By using quantitive techniques, distribution patterns for each category were arrived at, through which the significance of each category on the city life can be demonstrated and the places of their existence in accordance therewith. The chapter also compared a number of these categories with their counterparts in foreign cities, as well as intercomparing these categories with each other, so that the significance of individual category on the life of the city and people can be determined.The last chapter was dedioated to the method of shopping in the city. Quantitive techniques were used and the city was devided into statistical areas for the purpose of identifying the potentials of the shopping behaviour; to demonstrate the role and significance of each marketing centre in attracting people from the various parts of the city; to show the influence of a great number of variables and factors on the acquirement, by the city's dwellers, of a specific trend in shopping, whether from its main marketing centre or from its secondary marketing places. This work aims at reaching to a number of targets, These being : 1. To define the central commercial district of the city and the area of the commercial core therein in the light of a number of standards used in the urbanite studies such as the value of the land and the rates of rent.2. To reveal the state of things in the city, especially of its main commercial centre, and to follow up the movement of the commercial habilitation within the central commercial area and in the other sectors of the city.J. To dectate the shopping behaviour in the study area •

الكفاءة والوظيفية لمدينة العمارة == The Functional Efficiency Of Amara City

اسم المؤلف: قاسم مهاوي خلاوي ناصح الزهيري
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to evaluate the functional efficiency of Amara city, to derennine the degree of efficiency of the functions performed by the city to its population according to the local and international criteria. The emphasis will be placed on the four main and vital functions, residential, commercial, social services, health, and education.The study area includes the build - up area of Amara by which is the primate city of its functional region, so Misan govemorate. The field - work is the main area to obtain data required by the study. A detailed questionaire was the most important procedure of that field - work, covering a sample of SoAI of the total population in the city, as well as interviewing many persons working in puplic and private establishments and other local people.The study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the general geographical characteristics, including physical ones of city site and situation, physical development, and population growth and structures.The second chapter studies the rendential function, including its development, classification of residential units, residential density, and the characteristics of residential structure.The third chapter is devoted to study the commercial function, including its development, commercial structure and the regional role of the function.The social services are considered inn chapter four, particulary education and health, including service development, thier geographical distribution, and the distribution of the persons working in the service establishment.Chapter five includes the study of the evalution efficiency of the previously mentioned functions.The study finally temllnates with a detailed conclusion followed proposals to develop the functional efficiency of Amara city.

الصراع الصومالي الاثيوبي حول منطقة الاوجادين : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية

اسم المؤلف: باسم نايف داود السعدي
اسم المشرف: عبد الحميد عبد المجيد القيسي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1990
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

التغير المكاني للسكان في البحرين للفترة من 1971 - 1991 == The Spatial Change Of Population In Bahrain Betwee11 1971 - 1991

اسم المؤلف: هدى داود نجم السعد
اسم المشرف: مصطفى عبد الله محمد السويدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The importance of the population studies has become greater in geographical, soial and economic studies in very quickly time. Studying the geography and the cience of population has become one of the basic methods in geograpgy and socioloy sinces, it can solve the recent problems by realizing and analysing them aswell as inding the rriost suitable answers for them, which are presented by the results of the opulation studies and its possiblities of applications in developing, economic, social nd development plans in many states especially those which are under going a connuous and fast changes, just like Bahrain and the rest of the Gulf Oil states.Bahrain can be considered as an oil state which population are greatly controlled y the political, economic and social factors, since the discovery of oil has made radical change, It has transfered the economy of such state from a conventional one epending on agricultul - .e : , and fishing to amodren one depnding on oil incomes and vestments As aresult, aforign labour has brough u to manage the developing moveent as well as supporting the shortage in national labour and contributed grealtlydeveloping these states.The foreign labour has helped in achieving the developing plans, but, it has left s veral demographic, social, economic and political influences on the population of e region, and their growth, construction, distribution and their movement. By conSfdering what is said above, the aim of this research is studying the population in ahrain whether they are native or not and the role of the spatial and natural moveent of the people in showing the spatial changes in the compartive census periods 71, 1981 and 1991 then analysing and finding their causes and motives according the geography of population.This desertation consists of four chapters. The first one deals with the population ovements of the people and its effect inchanging the number of the population.oreover, this chapter is divided in to two sections, the first one deals with the patns and motives of the residential movement in atheoritical approach, while the s cond section concentrateji on the directions of the coming migration to Bahrain by studying its development and trends a~d - it~ pla~or.mqEr, - The second chapter discusses the populatipn growth ¥1d 1~ts effect on the change of the population bulk in Bahrain by studying the development of the populati6n 9~f!' : jt1~,jilld clearing the rule of the natural enlargment of every clase of the Bahrai - 7ty in the population growth of the state. 1~7.third chapter deals with the influence of the spatial change on the population 1dis - t~gutiqn in the ·state by studying the spatial change and population distribbution d~fi~rrding on the standareds of relative and density distribution and Knowing the rcoet : itre of population and density as well as the actual distribution of population. . Moreover, the fourth chapter, sums up the major factors affecting the distribu; tioni·~f population in Bahrain by discussing them into two groups in order to show tHt : nattiral and human factors in distribution, besides the problem of redistribution'of people - in the state and applying its effects. 'Finally; the researcher puts the conclusionss he has found throngh stuying this subject - the most outstanding one of them is that the coming migration plays a fundemental role in changing the population bulk and spatial diffrences through the diffrent census periods - at the encl of the desert ation.

التركيب الداخلي لمدينة سوق الشيوخ وعلاقتها الاقليمية : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

اسم المؤلف: صلاح هاشم زغير الهاشم
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين جواد السريح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to analyse the internal structure of Suq Al - Shiuikh City and its regional relationships.The study is divided into eight chapters, the first I one deals with site and situation of the City, to study the physical characteristics, including geological, natu - 1 ral vegetation and soil.The second chapter is devoted to study the historical development Of land USeB in the city, While the third one deals with the population characteristics of the city and its regionl including population grouth, population distribution and age, sex, and economic structures. The next chapters study the functional structure of the city. Commercial function in considered in the fourth chapter, industrial in the fifth, residential in the sixth and services function in the seventh one. In these four chapters activity and land u.se of each function are dealt with.

التباين المكاني للانتاج الزراعي في اقليم اعالي الفرات

اسم المؤلف: كمال صالح كزكوز
اسم المشرف: سالم سعدون المبادر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1990
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Second Chapter deals with the human factors related to workers, irrigation and the adopted means of it.The plants symbolized by big dams, drainage and the projects that deal with the agrarian refonns. It also deals with the ownership system and its affect on the agricultural product It has also some comments on the agricultural policy and the biological factors, transportation and marketing.As for the Third Chapter, which is regarded as the ma.in idea in this study, we see that it is specialized on studies of the agricultural product of the year 1988 to make it clear that the variance of places have something to do with the agricultural product, headed by classificqtion of the product and the scales adopted in some of the geographical studies.In this Chapter there are also studies on farming a and orchards as for their distribution on suberbs and the geographical factors behind that. At last this Chapter studies the agricultural changes between 1980 - 1988. This study aims to focus the place variance onagricultural production in Upper Euphrates region which consists the suberbs of Ramadi, Heat, Haditha, Aana and Al - Qaem.The region is situated in the western part of Iraq in Anbar Governarate which is about 29% of the survey of the whole Governarate. The survey of this region is regarded as 9.2% compared to the survey of Iraq.This region is suffering from a big problem which is the limited fertile land for agrivulture that does not exceed 1% from the whole survey of the land in the region.The study consists of.three Chapters. In the First Chapter, the researcher deals with the Natural factors affecting the variance of plance on agrilcultural products after flashing the light on studies concerning the place and the size of the region. The survey of the directorate and the important administrative development in the region In addition to the background on the surface, the climate, the soil and water resources that affect on the agricultural production.

اتجاهات وسرع الرياح السطحية في العراق == Directions And Velocity Of Surface Wind In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: عزيز كوطي حسين الحسيناوي
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Among many other climatic elements, wind is the one of the most important ones for its an active role in specifying the nature of climatic features ; which consequently made it essential to study directions and velocity of wind both for meteorologists and climatologists as they cause a lot of weather changes such as those occurring to temperature, humidity and others. They - wind - lead, for instance, to rise temperature if they come from warm sides and decrease it in case they come from cold ones.If they were humid, they would cause rainfall over areas beneath and they also, in case of being speedy, cause dust storms of both kinds : sand and earthen ones.Wind affects many economical activities. They affect on determining the sites of industrial establishments and where its waste dumps should be located; on city construction and agriculture productivity along with exploiting wind in various fields such as using it in generating energy.The purpose of this research is to study directions and velocity of surface wind in Iraq as far as its differences in time and place between the southern, northern and middle zones, and the one zone stations are concerned.A 30 years climatic cycle (1961 - 1990) was chosen to the amount of 12 stations distributed in the country as follows : - Zakho , Kurkuk, Suliamaniya, and Mosel stations for northern region - Khnakeen, Ana , Alrutba and Baghdad stations for middle region. - Al - Hai , Al - Diwaniya, Al - Nassiriya and Basra stations for southern region.The research included three chapters. The first one dealt with affecting controls on directions and velocity of surface wind in Iraq. These controls were divided into stable ones : (locations as for latitude, topographic relief and water flats) and dynamic : (air pressure, air masses, weather fronts and weather highs and lows). The second chapter treated of wind ,directions in Iraq as to its differences in time and place according to circled - directions sectors. It was also possible to study the weather condition of the change of prevailing directions for chosen stations in the country. As for the third chapter, it was devoted to study the velocity of surface wind in Iraq and show its differences in time and place. It also studied the standard velocity registered in station during different years as well as the daily course of the velocity of surface wind in the stations of the study during January and July.In final, the research contained conclusions being reached through studying the subject of this research.

سكان محافظة القادسية : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == Al - Qadisiya Governorate Population A Study In Population Geography

اسم المؤلف: باسم عبد العزيز عمر العثمان
اسم المشرف: عبد مخور نجم الريحاني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1991
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

حوض وادي ورزان : دراسة في جغرفية الموارد المائية == Wadi W Arazan Basin A Study In The Geography Of Aquatic Resources

اسم المؤلف: جلال عبده ابراهيم عثمان
اسم المشرف: سعود عبد العزيز عبد المحسن الشعبان الفضلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study is aimed to assist. The aquatic resources in Wadi Warazan Basin in the Republic of Yemen in order to estimate the water balance with regard to the natural resources and the way of usage in the different fields of activities.The importance of this study depends on the fact that wadi Warazan Basin which is (412)Km2 is one of the most fertile a agricultural areas, moreover area it is regarded to be a tourism area. The second thing is that the basin is more close to Taiz city which suffers at the present from water shortage.The final results of the study show that : 1 - The most rainy seasons are spring and summer especially, in some few days during the rain season. The most rainy month is August (14.8%) of the total rain while December is regarded to be the lesser rainy month (0.7%). The rainfall estimations during (44) years is about (346 - 875.8)mm. 2 - The annual aquatic in Wadi Warazan Basin ts about (241 349 600)m33 - The ground water runoff increases during autumn, because it occurs after the rain season, where there are many quantities of the ram underground. In contrast, other months of the year has less drainage.4 - The armual drainage which is (3492)m3 per hour varies in (193.6%) because of it's close relation with rainfall. 5 - The (165.59)mm out of the total annual rainfall is found to a wasted aquatic quantities as a result of evaporation.6 - The Absence of specific channels, which leads to increase the evaporation rate in the valley. In addition the pools which fonned at the sides of the valley represented a suitable environments for transfer various diseases such as Schistosomiasis (Belhars) and Malaria diseases. 7 - The deviation factor of Wadi Warazan shows the variation in the compactness of their rocks, so the evaporation rate of ground water runoff produced as a result of the expansion of the area exposed to the sun light.Moreover barriers and folts at the long side are an important factors for ground water recharge.8 - The present consumption of the ground water appears to be in the higher rocky aquatic layer and the volcanic aquatic rocky layer third layer (Tawila Sandstone) seems to be unconsumed because it's (600)m deep.9 - The ground water is affected by the increasing number of wells.10 - The aquatic basin net work appear to be having a high density of valleys number about (1.05)/Km2 which affects the surface flow that makes floods danger is probable.11 - It seems that the aquatic basin resources may become unable to met the increasing demand of the area and Taiz city as regarded to be an alternative to solve the city water supply problem. Moreover, the rising of the population in the basin.

جوانب من النظام الحضري في محافظة ذي قار

اسم المؤلف: ماهر يعقوب موسى
اسم المشرف: مضر خليل العمر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1989
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم دور نهر ام المعارك في تنمية الموارد المائية

اسم المؤلف: صفاء عبد الامير رشم الاسدي
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2000
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Water is considered as a strategic resource for economic development.Thus , Um Al - Maark possesses considerable development of water resources in the lower Euphrates basin. The river takes from the right bank of the Euphrates (10) kms downstream ofNasiriya with a total length of (108) kms. There are five canals branching from the right bank of the river each with a capacity of 25 cumers. The river controls 60 - 65 % (185) cumecs (5,82) bcm of the Euphrates discharge at Nasiriya ( 199) - 1998). Its water discharge is affected by seepage losses with (0.45 - 0.55 ) m3 I m1 I day and evaporation from the channel with (0.04) bcm, due to high average temperature (24.6) °C and very high soil permeability (15 - 43) m/d.Um Al - Maark plays a vital role in water resources conservation by controlling water distorted at the Marches and Arabian Gulf and directed to the western desert to irrigate (150000) ha. Furthermore, the river maintains the Euphrates and Shatt Al - Arab water quality by limiting the Marshes polluted wat : - r with an EC value (6) mmhos I cm which increased water 11 salinity of the river's at Qurna to ( 5.1) mmhos I cm during ( 1990 - 1992 ) COIDJ - 'dred to the previous salinity 0.96 ( 1967 - 1969). The water quality of the rivers has been decreased to (2.3) and (2.6) mmhos I cm ( 1995 - 2000) at Qurna and Maqil respectively, as a result of the implementation of Um Al - Maark, Saddam and Al - Ezz rivers.UM Al - Maark will be used as flood control system. It will be able to convert (508) cumecs from the flood water to the western desert as in 1988 and up to now to be used for irrigation and artificial groundwater recharge.These will maintain environment system. The ri·.'er promotes considerable economic and environmental developments forward by utilizing the desert virgin land with (150000) ha.The present irrigated land is (6250) ha, producing (3525) tons. This will L increase to (580800) tons/year with a net value of (77190) MIDS (38.6) M$Um Al - Maark is an important system for artificial groundwater rech?.rge in the Dibdibba area which has a rapid agriculture development affecting groundwater storage due to increasing demands and low natural recharge with (0.63) and (0.31) bcrn respectively. As a result the groundwater level decrease to (0.25) m I year and salinity increases to ( 0.28) mrnhos I cm I year. Therefore,Um Al - Maark is constructed to feed groundwater with (l.35) hem. This increases the groundwate r level and decreases salinity by (0.8) m/year and (0.4 )mrnhos /cm/ year respectively.Thus the river maintains water efficiency to cope with future development. Finally , to implement the river objectives the following measuresshould be considered : l. It is necessary to construct two regulators on Um Al - Maark and the Euphrates.2. An Authority should be established to be responsible for sand dunes control , lining canals,hydrological , geological , climate , soil and natural vegetation information.3. Effective irrigation methods should be applied. 4. High agriculture intensity should be used.5. Farm management practics regarding training , machinery , irriga.ion , ,drainage , fertilizer... etc should be enhanced.6. Water should be well distributed between the river canals and lining should be adopted7. Studies regarding water and land resources should be enlarged.8. Agricultural facilities such as roads , electricity , machinery , health centers and education should be considered.9. Vegetation cover should be improved.

تقويم مشاريع الخير الاروائية في محافظة البصرة == Evalution Of Al - Khair Irrigation Projects In Basroh Provi Nee

اسم المؤلف: صلاح مهدي عريبي الزيادي
اسم المشرف: حمدان باجي نوماس
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تحليل جغرافي للامكانات الزراعية في قضاء ابي الخصيب وافاقها المستقبلية == A Geographical Analysis To The Agrarian Possibilities In Abie Al - Khaseeb Town An Their Future Horizons

اسم المؤلف: ابتسام كاطع خاجي اللامي
اسم المشرف: بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2002
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: 14.haseeb t plant greens since they herp in developing the farmer's ihcome.I The umber of palm4rees was (2911999) in 1978 but it beca1m - - - f 845000) 1995 because of the Iranian aggression. The agraian post /offices co perated with the farmers for the replantation to be (924327) palm.tree/ n 2000 which represents (31%) in comparison with 1979. Th study ex~~~ the farmers' io.t.erlgi(ng, in planting diffj~t th typaj oft ees which ~e a.bsent before the flood 1969 which causes~ of most fthem,' the fanners neglect such type~ because they j~ided oth~r economi fields like petrol - industry and general services because of thetJt! hi h ffrcomefi; fr; - .>T e study expressed several problems which ~t the agrariam produc on and the agrarian developmen)e~pecially in Al - Seebah,lhese prob le 0 1. The salty soil and the neglected '&ard - er~ which ha~o systematic# irri ation and drainage cbnals and they contain thick needs and other pla ts which became the main reason to~ the negative influences up n the exploited gardens. 2. Th reduction of Shatt - Al - Arab water helps the salty water of Arab G If to l progress to reach at this area and influences the lands n gativelly. 3. T ere are se".ei;al - types of the biological factors /affect the garden c ops like the l : iushes and the other diseases.4. The expensive workmen in the field of agriculture.The study shows that there are various possibilites that have not f \'.. Y;q,, exploited yet to develop the agricultural production. There is Oi possibility to the h<;>~~ontal exp.Qnsion (84o/o) from the lands that can J;>e exploited amfthe exploitation of the salty soils in AJSeebah and v.,~,,l. lages lik~ Al - Fyadh, Al - baljania, Kut Al - Zain, AI - Mutua' and others1Moreover4 tlte production ability of the really ,e~polited areas can be lifted up through the use of scientific devices and the logical exploitation of water. Al - Seebah also should be developed and the population should be encouraged to return back : ' uv - - · 'L ~.. r)c'1\N\<v\f rfK 1After : ~ le~vi~gl ~( : : - a~e Iranian agrrission 1980J Jhe • government adopted a pseful agrarian policy included several strattgies like the director granting which aims at providing the healty house, to the farmers and the achievements of croping, purification of iITigation and the compensaition of the dead palmtrees and the development of the animals wealth.

تحليل العلاقات المكانية لخصائص السكان في محافظة ذي قار

اسم المؤلف: صادق جعفر ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: علي حسن الخفاف
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 1987
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study represents the first attempt for studying the population of Dhi Qar governorate. The study faced a nuznber of obstacles first of which was the administrative chaEges which this governorate has been witnessing.The following are the most important results we have arrived at in the study.1. Dhi Qar is one of the Iraqi governorates which has been characterised by population density during the period 1947 - 1977 where it has held either the fourth or sixth positive among Iraqi governorates.2. The poulation density of this governorate 1977 which was 45. 12.Pe ts on per kilometer was not distributed regularly to various parts of this place. This is due to the differences among the factors which affect the population distribution,whether they were natural or human factors •3. The dry climate in this governorate made the population depend in a limited manner on surface water and underground water. This distribution of the population was thus concentrated around the Euphrates and Al - Garaph rivers and also around the streams in addition to the dry edges of the marshes. 4. The rate of the population change in - this governorate was generally very limited throughout the years covered by the study. The highest rate which was 2.9%, occurred during the years 1947 - 1957. During 1965 - 1977 it decreased to become 1.9%.5. The results of this study indicated that the period 1978 - 1983 has shown a noticeable rise in the rate of natural increase. This goes in line with development of the medical or municipal services which have contributed a great deal in reducing the death rates.6. As for the structure of the popUlation, it is noticed that the geographical situation of this governorate in the sou thren part. of Iraq, away from the frontiers, has made all its population from the Arabs;only a limited number of other minorities is noticed here.7. The six rate in the governorate has increased for the behalf of the females. The number of in : nnigrants to the governorate during 1947 - 1977 should have been mainly from males who were after better chances for jobs.s. The community is Dhi Qar reflects the characteristics of youth. This would naturally affect any future positive changes such a phenomenon has been reflected in the population py : ramid where children and youth constituted 51,36% in 1977 and the rate of the disabled v1as 7 ,65% • 9. As for the distribution of the popUlation in the cities and the countryside the results of the four censuses done already showed a decrease in the number of people living in the cities during 1947 - 1977 although it has shown a noticeable rise during this period ra.Dging as follows : 15,65%, 18,65%, 27,62%, 39,71% respectively.10. The rural n<ture in this governorate has led to increase the rate of illiteracy which was 66,24% while it comes down to 53% in the other parts of the country.11. All the population of this governorate are Moslems.Since Islam encourages people to get married and bring children, the increasing number of people is expected. 12~ The results of the four censuses have shown that the circumstances of this governora.te make people leave for other parts of the country.13~ The countryside areas suffer from migration. The number of people registered in the four census shows no change or increase'.' 14. To take up its people in the future, this governora te should continue in growing its potentialities by reclaiming more lands, supporting agriculture developing new irrigation networks, and caring much for the animal resources. Winter tourism need to be backed up also.

المنطقة التجارية المركزية لمدينة الصدر : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

اسم المؤلف: اسامة حميد مجيد هاشم السلطان
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم الهاشم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2001
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

التغيرات المناخية واثرها في تغير التركيب المحصولي في العراق == Climate Change And Its Impact On Crop Structure In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: فهد احمد فرحان العامود
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي | بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

صناعة تنقية وتحلية المياه في محافظة البصرة وافاقها المستقبلية == Indastry Of Purification And Desalination Of Water In Province Of Basrah And It'S Future Prospects

اسم المؤلف: رند عدنان ديوان السعيدان
اسم المشرف: فارس مهدي محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تبين من خلال الدراسة ان صناعة مياه الشرب احد اهم الصناعات التحويلية وذلك لكونها تخضع لكل متطلبات الصناعة التحويلية حيث تبرز فيها كافة مقومات الانتاج الصناعي من اختيار الموقع الى احتساب الكلفة وتوافر المواد الاولية والايدي العاملة والعمليات الصناعية في مصا | The study shows that water drink production is one of the most important transformational industries since it yields all the requirements of the transformational industry that all constituents of the industrial production emerge beginning from the choosing of the site , the calculation of the cost , the availability of the raw material and workmen and industrial process that take place in the independent factories up to the emergence of the extrinsic or incidental productions and so on. Therefore this study which consiss of five chapters concerns this kind of industry. Chapter One tackles the following : on the introduction to the definition of water and water cycle in nature , the sources of water and water drink qualities and characteristics , the importance of water for humans , the pollution of water drink , and the seasonal and locational discrepancy of the pollution on water drink in the Governorat of Basrah and the impact of this pollution of the public health. Chapter Two is divided into two sections : section one deas with the historical development of the technicality water drink in the Governorat of Basrah while section two deals with the historical development of water drink desalination in the Governorat Chapter Three : Discusses that factors that establish the water drink industry in the Governorat and the imporatance of each factor and its impact. Chapter Four : Demonstrates the geographical distribution of the water drink industry in the Governorat of Basrah. It includes two sections , the first one deals with the geographical distribution of water drink in a province while the second section tackles the geographical distribution of water drink in asector. Chapter Five consist of two sections : The first one surveys the problems concerning the water drink industry in the Governorat while the secand tackles the future prospective of the water drink industry in the Governorat of Basrah. The study has arrived at the following results. The production of water in the Governorat of Basrah in simple traditional ways or methods are the accumulation and precipitation , filteration , sterilization by liquid and powder and chlorine while the desalination stations produce water through reverse ozoination. Water is being refined by ozonization and ultraviolet rays. The natural colonization factors especially that of weather , earth and geological structure , the increase and economic factors especially labourers , raw material , marketing , transportation , government policy and personal or individual desire have affected on limiting , the industrial site. Thus , there is a discrepancy between the geographical distribution of water refinery projects and desalination stations in the Governorat of Basrah. So , there are (132 ) projects for refinement , (12 ) of them are in Basrah district , i.e ; (9.09 % ) , (11) projects are in Abu - Al - Khaseeb district , i.e ; (8.33 % ) , (3) projects in Al - Fao district , i.e ; (2.27 % ) , (4 ) projects are in Al - Zubair district , i.e ; (3.03 %) , (39 ) projects are in Shatt - Al - Arab , i.e ; (12.12 %) projects some of them are in Al - Medyna district , i.e ; (29.54 %) , and ( 47 ) projects are in Al - Qurna district I.e ; (35.62 % ). As regards the private ( domestic ) desalination station their their number in the Governorat is (88) some of them are in Al - Basrah district , i.e ; about (20.45 %) , (8) are in Abi - Al - Khaseeb district , i.e ; about (9.09%) , (1) station is in Al - Fao district , i.e ; about (1.15 %) , (41) stations are in Al - Zubair district , I.e ; (46.59 %) , (2) statios are in Shatt - Al - Arab , i.e; about (2.27%) , (8) stations , same of them are in Al - Mudianya district , about (9.09%) , and (10) stations are in Al - Qurna district , i.e ; about (11.30). Regarding those of the government , their number in the government is (50) desalination stations , (7) of them are in Al - Basrah district , i.e ; about (14%) (2) stations are in Abi - Al - Khaseeb district i.e; about (4%) , (9) stations are in Al - Fao district , i.e ; about (18%) , (6) stations in Al - Zubair district i.e; about (12%) , (8) stations are in Shatt Al - Arab district , i.e; about (16%) , (11) stations are in Al - Mudianyia district , i.e ; about (22%) , and (7) stations are in Al - Qurna district , i.e; about (14%). The number of employees in the refinement projects is ( 1263 ) and the number of those in the desalination stations is ( 406 ). The area of the projects of the water drink refinement is ( 242466) millions square meter in the Governorat of Basrah while the area of desalination stations in the Governorat is (65353) thousands square meters. The production of water refinement projects is ( 735619.625 ) cubic meter /hour. The Basrah district takes over the first rank for the production whil is ( 313433.75 ) cubic meter/ hour ,i.e; (42.65%) of the sum total production in the Governorat of Basrah. Al - Qurna district takes over the second rank for the production whial is (118780.25 ) cubic meter/hour , i.e ; about (16.14%) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat while Al - Mudianya district takes over the third rank for the production whial is (96674.375 ) cubic meter , i.e ; (13.14 %) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. Abu - Al - Khaseeb district takes over the fourth rank for the production whial is ( 64875) cube meter/hour , i.e ; ( 8.83%) of the sum total of the production in the Governorat of Basrah while Al - Zubair district takes over the fifth rank for the production whial is (61437.5 ) cube meter / hour , i.e ; (8.35 %) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. Shatt Al - Arab district takes over the sixth rank for the production whial is ( 54768.75 ) cube meter / hour. i.e; ( 7.44%) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. While Al - Fao district takes over the seventh rank for the production whial is (25650) cube meter , i.e; ( 3.49 %) of the sum total The production of the desalination stations is ( 27585) tons/day. Al - Mudianya district takes over the first rank for the production is (8900) tons / day , i.e ; ( 32.25 %) of the sum total production of the Basrah Governorat. Al - Zubair district takes over the second rank for the production whial is (7349) tons / day , i.e ;(26.64 %) of the sum total of the production while Al - Basrah district takes over the third rank for the production whial is ( 4492 ) tons / day , i.e ; ( 16.28 %)of the sum total of the production. Al - Qurna district takes over the fourth rank for the production (4440 ) tons / day , i.e ; (16.09 %) of the sum total of the production while Abi - Al - Khaseeb district takes over the fifth rank for the production whial is ( 1684) tons / day , i.e ; (6.14 %) of the sum total of the production. Al - Fao district takes over the sixth rank for the production whial is (420 ) tons / day , i.e ; ( 1.52 %) of the sum total of the production while Al - Fao district takes over the seventh rank for the production whial is (300) tons/day , i.e ; ( 1.08 %) of the sum total of the production in the Governorat of Basrah. It appears that there have been a number of problems some of which concern the transportation degree (network ) and others concern the quality of water , the invested money , and the employees ( labourers ) , and some others concern the nature of production , the decrease of water levels , the increase of salt.The most important of these problems is the increase of salts for in (2012 ) it reaches the highest in Tigris , i.e ; (1239) milimose /cm on August. And it reaches in the Euphrates (2426 ) milimose / cm during March while salt reaches in Shatt Al - Arab ( the center ) to ( 3561 ) Milimose / cm on October ; it reaches in Shatt Al - Arab ( sehaan ) to (7246 ) milisome / cm during August while it reaches in Shatt Al - Arab ( Al - Lebani ) to ( 4253 ) mi;isome / cm during August. The problem of the decrease of the water level is an effective factor on the process of water drink production that the river water decrease inside the Governorat due to multiplicity of banks and tanks established by the neighbouring countries. This leads to the decrease of water in the Iraqi rivers in a general and in the Governorat in particular. This causes the water to be salty and impure. This decrease also affects on the level of plunger or diver for many water pulling pipes of many refinement projects and consequently the refinement and pumping processes stop at these projects. Moreover , it appears that the problems of networks are considered as a main problem in the pollution of water drink in the Governorat of Basrah being old in age and undergoes constant breakdowns whial lead water greatly to be impure and polluted. Due to these results the individuals share of water in the Governorat of Basrah reaches (275 ) litre / day. These differed among districts that in Basrah district it reaches (239) litre / day , in Abi - Al - Khaseeb it reaches (317 ) litre/ day , in Al - Fao district it reaches (662) litre / day in Al - Zubair district it reaches (130 ) litre / day , in Shatt Al - Arab reaches (341) litre / day , in Al - Qurna district it reaches ( 445 ) litre / day , and in Al - Mudianya district it reaches ( 438 ) litre / day of the collected produced water in the Governorat

اثر الموارد المائية في انتاجية بعض الاراضي الزراعية في قضاء السلمان (محافظة المثنى - العراق) == The Effect Of Water Resources On Productivity Of Some Agricultural Lands In The District Of Al - Salman, Al - Muthanna Province ـــ Iraq

اسم المؤلف: محـمد فلـيح عـواد الجنابي
اسم المشرف: صفاء عبد الامير رشم الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aim to explain the role of water resources on the production of agricultural soils. This was done through examining the effect of groundwater on the chemiccal properties of agricultural the soils and the role of rainfall the chemeical properties of soils in the center of Salman district, during the period of year 2013 to 2014.. Salman district is loacated in Muthanna province, west of Iraq. It forms about 43.2% of the total area of the province. The geological formations in the study area are different from the third and fourth gelogical ages, with a dmoninating rocks of dolomite, lime, marl and sand rocks. There are many differences in the surface of the study area, where the topographic elevation ranges between 400 m above sea level in the south to 50 m in the north and east north. There are four soil groups recognized in the study area : desert soil, lime rocks, dune and Alluvial soils.These soils are very poor from organic materials and new formed.. The groundwater of the study area is contained from several aquifers especially Dammam and Um - Radhuma formations. Its storage is about 5.341 - 23.918 billion m3, and depended on the infiltration from rainfall on the area and its sourounding lands. The quality of groundwater included testing parameters of total dissolved solid (TDS), electric conductivity (EC) and major dominates the cations and Sulphat (SO4 - ) domnates the anions. The cultivated area of the Salman district about 21103 heactares during the years 2013 to 2014, with domining cereal crops, of 91.92% from the total cultivated area. The groundwater is the main source of irregation, and the amount of water demand for the total area is about 247.093 billion m3 per year. The groundwater contribute for increasing the (TDS) in the soils from 1140 mg/l in the plants soil, while the surface water of rainfall reduces the (TDS) in the soils to 1658 mg/l.

الزحف العمراني لمدينة شط العرب على الاراضي الزراعية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == The Urban Sprawl Of Shatt Al Arab City On The Agricultural Lands Appling Geographical Information System

اسم المؤلف: مرتضى مظفر سهر الكعبي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ترمي هذه الدراسة الى الكشف عن التغييرات التي طرات على تقلص الاراضي الزراعية لمدينة شط العرب على اثر الزحف العمراني عليها. حيث تمت مراقبة توسع المدينة على اراضيها الزراعية منذ النشاة وحتى الوقت الحاضر من اجل استنتاج الدوافع والمؤثرات التي ادت الى ان تزحف ا | The aim of this study to detect the changes accord on the reduction of agricultural land of the Shatt al - Arab District as a result of Urban sprawlererSo that it was monitored the sprawler of the city towards its agricultural lands since its commencement till yet to conclude the emotion and effect led to the Urban sprawler towards different direction during the stage of its Urban development or studying the limitation either natural or made by man opponent such this sprawler benefitting from the facilities provided by the GIS systems software. Studying the effects of natural characteristics and changes made by man in its effect or influence on attracting people to the city and there need for residential units for accommodation and then corrosion the agricultural lands which is deemed the basket of city food in addition to its importance pertaining the climate , beatification and environment. Identifying the trends of sprawler of the city so that this study impotence I merged from the importance of the city with the rerate of the studies argue this matter never focus on the Urban sprawler inspire of the change city is witnessed pertaining its population and Urban growth. This study depends upon the historical curricula in appointing the stages of Urban development of the city and the trends of Urban sprawler on the comparative analytical curricula in studying natural specifications and human variables also it accredited the functional curricular in analyzing land usage in regards to its Urban aspects and its functional proficiency by accrediting some plan standards. This study is divided into four chapters proceeded by introduction and followed by conclusion and abstract in English language including tables , maps , figures , whereas the structure and its implication is as follows. First chapter argue the application in studying Urban development of 9 the city , while the second chapter argue the natural features and human variables : Geographical location , its topography soil , water resources and climate. In addition ,the population growth and the geographical distribution. In the third chapter it is argued the land usage in the Shatt Al Arab district included : Residential commercial ,industrial and service usages with the possibility with comparing it with the local standards to identify its functional performance. Fourth chapter discussed the factor of Urban sprawler and then its limitation given entire overview the blank fact of the district represented by basic plans from 1962 till 2004 showing the effect of reduction the agricultural lands as a result of Urban sprawler with identifying the future trends of Urban expansion of the districts. This study concluded group of findings the most important one of which are as follows : 1. The district is expanded during the Urban development stage as it is registered are totaled 14.5 ha since the first construction of the city from 1600 to 1913 , as the district are was increased for the second stage of its Urban expansion to be 45.1 ha ( 1914 to 1957) while third stage had the great rule in expansion the area of the district to be 193.7 ha ( from 1958 - 2002 ) while the last stage upon the economical and social improvement beyond 2003 it is expanded to be 761,3 ha ( from 2003 to 2013)2. As a result of intensive Urban sprawler the area of agricultural farms is decreased as a result of growing population increment from 6285 in 1947 to be 50750 in 2009 agricultural lands is reduced during the term ( 1962 to 1979 ) 556.2 ha to be 346.2 ha during the planning period ( 1980 to 1993) and to be 55.8 for the planning period ( from 1994 to 2004 ) until the during of study.3. The study discovered that 1960 's and 1990 's and 2013 are of the most important points of Urban sprawler on the agricultural lands in Shatt Al Arab district. That’s represented by agricultural lands are done including the location of Basra University , resolution number 18 of 1970 , resolution number 117 of 2000 providing the relevant base of overlapping on agricultural lands in the district and upon the sabotage beyond 2003 it I contributed in merging random construction on the agricultural lands illegally reducing the greenish yard of the district.4. The study shows that there are basis plans of the district proceeded by an attempt to describe the real situation of the district by drawing cad straw maps but all design were prepared for the district are overlapped on by people or the concerned destination to comprehend the population increasing growth or migration movement to the district which is interpreted the failure of the basic plans upon a time of its execution

التركيب المحصولي في محافظة المثنى == Crops In Muthana Governorate

اسم المؤلف: سعاد عبد الله فضيح
اسم المشرف: محمد رمضان محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Muthana Governorate has got so many agricultural potentials that it can be an area of crops that match with the geographical features on the one hand and respond to an integral part of the local market needs with reference to foods and ingredients on the other. This study aims at shedding some light on the geographical potentials the governorate, in question, has with reference to crops; identifying the features of each crop, and showing the value of the crops as far as Iraq is concerned. This study is also heading to trace the changes the crops undergo across the special shifts or trends.To fulfill the aims mentioned above, the research worker divides her study into four chapters as well as an introduction and a conclusion. Chapter One is on the characteristics of the crops grown in the Governorate of Muthana. Chapter Two deals with the natural and human resources of the crops. Chapter Three focuses on the geographical crops and Chapter Four sheds the light on productive potentials of each crop.The production of the crops of the years 2003 - 4 through 2010 - 11 was of relative stability. For example, the groups of crops were 5 - 6 in number. These groups included (29) grains that covered the greatest part of the cultivated fields ( 86.89 %) whereas fruits and dates ranked the second ( 6.62 %). The rest of rates were represented by three groups ( 3.69% , 2.5 , and 0.31 ). The winter crops were almost dominating ( 90/31 % - 82.7 % ) with reference to the cultivated areas. The crops that people fed on directly were given a high percentage ( 58.6 %). The forage is given the complementing percentage (51.62 %). The season in question was lacking the crops that could be used as raw material in certain national industries.The crops have witnessed several changes or shifts during the last decades due to the changing circumstances the governorate went through. The shifts in production were of various spatial indexes. These crops could fall into two varieties the first of which included ( 9 )crops that proved to be of a positive index of values between ( 19.970 - 399.266% ) whereas he second variety included ( 3 )crops but of a negative index of values between ( - 1302.297 - 33.257 ).

الجزيـــرة الحراريــة والراحة البايومناخية لمدينـة السماوة == Heat Island And Bioclamitic Comfort The City Of Samawah

اسم المؤلف: فاطمة راضي ساجت الجابري
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى التعرف على الخصائص المناخية في مدينة السماوة , خاصة درجات الحرارة والرطوبة وسرعة الرياح للكشف عن وجود جزر حرارية, كذلك دراسة العوامل المؤثرة عليها واثرها في راحة الانسان , وبالتالي تسهم الدراسة في التنمية والتخطيط المستقبلي للمدينة.عتمد | This study aims to define the effect of the climatic characteristics in the Samawa city, especially the temperature , humidity, wind speed and to discover the islands heat to enable. Also this study aim to stop the effect of pollution on human comfort. us to make use from the results in planning side for future to Samawa city This study come according to the field work which divides the samawa city to eight axes covered the whole city. and ensure that each axis number of monitoring points and the ( Intersection of the Court) of the city center. cruising him by team coach ,and has operations field monitoring by measuring devices (Digital)to measure the temperature and relative humidity for all the seasons of the year. July represents summer season. October represents autumn season. January represents winter season. April represents spring season. The study contains four chapter the first chapter the relationship of heats island with climates elements that affects on the elements.The second chapter included affected factors on the city temperatures It resulted from factors converging natural and human factors the most important factors are the natural bodies of water that divides the city into two parts, in addition to the impact of climate characteristics in the city, but the most important human population density and height of buildings and paved streets and green spaces in the city and traffic density, all these factors have significant impact degrees the temperature and relative humidity and wind speed. The third chapter included the thermal characteristics of the is ands This has resulted through afield study in addition to thermal Island Islands secondary Islands it was the highest thermal difference between the city center and the adjacent countryside through observations as it amounted to (5,9) in the (Al - Taha) the direction of the axis of orchards Eastern neighborhood, The highest difference between the center and the weather station in the city as it was (3,3m), The fourth chapter comfort Albaeumanak hih and guarantees the heat island in the city of Samwah And through the use of the presumption of cooling wind and figure to (Oligay), The study rest and in the autumn season (October).and In the spring season (April) while in summer (July) it not record the comfort area in Samawa city as a result of high temperature. There isnt any record in winter season (January) so the comfort area never record because of low temperature. Both need two months to some of the requirements of stirring antenna or moisturizing antenna or solar radiation.

التحليل المكاني للوفيات المسجلة في محافظة البصرة للمدة (1997 - 2009) == Spatial Analysis Of Recorded Mortality In The Governorate Of Basrah From 1997 To 2009

اسم المؤلف: اسامة حميد مجيد السلطان
اسم المشرف: صادق جعفر ابراهيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الوفيات الضلع الثاني المكمل لمثلث التغير السكاني كما تعد من اهم المؤشرات التي تعكس الاوضاع الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في اي مجتمع كان ومدى صحة ووعي سكانه ورفاهيتهم وهو ما يكسب الدراسة اهميتها. ان الهدف من الدراسة هو بحث ظاهرة الوفيات في محافظة البصرة للم | Mortality is just one side of the triangle of demographic variation. Moreover it is considered as one of the main effects that reflect the social and economic situations in any society in addition to the hygiene awareness and prosperity of the population. This is actually a good reason why this study is significant. The study aims at investigating the phenomenon of mortalities in the Province of Basrah from 1997 to 2009. Spatial - temporal variation is also covered in relation to districts and remote areas. The study relies on some measures of mortality to reveal this variation in relation to quality and age of the deceased people and the reasons behind death in relation to environment. The researcher made use of the bio - statistics records obtained from mortality registration department - Basrah health directorate. In addition, the researcher conducted field work to cover any shortage in the data. The study arrives at the conclusion that the number mortality cases is 104312 during the period of the study with a crude mortality average of 3.9 per 1000 with no regular temporal direction. The number of mortalities varies according to months of the year and seasons. The highest rate is in August and December whereas summer witnessed the highest rate of mortality. The mortality of males overwhelmed those of females with a rate of 57.7% for males and 42.3% for females. Age category of 65 and more registered the highest level of mortality with 33.3% followed by infants with 20% of the total mortality rate. There are 90138 mortality cases due to illness which represents 86.4% of the total number of mortalities. Circularity system diseases and blood diseases in addition to other diseases represent reason number one behind mortality with 31.1% followed by perinatal diseases that represent 18.1% of the total number. Accidents represent 13.6% whereas gun shots accidents represent 58.8% of the total number of accidents. The geographic distribution shows that Az - Zubair, Abu Al - Khaseeb and Shatt Al - Arab registered the highest rate of mortality. Climate - as represented by temperature degrees - is found to be as a main factor of mortality in the area of the study in comparison with other natural factors. Still, there are other factors that play a vital role in mortality like the level of education, vocation, income, marital status, residence, accommodation and health services presented.

دور الموانـئ التجارية العــراقية في تجارة العراق الخارجية للمدة 1997 - 2010 == The Role Of The Iraqi Commercial Ports In Iraq'S Foreign Trade For The Period 1997 - 2010

اسم المؤلف: سهيلة صبيح ناصر المياحي
اسم المشرف: اسعد عباس هندي الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Marine transportation is considered as a crucial economic front and it has a vital role in the economic development. It contributes to the transportation of goods and merchandise due to its unique properties that distinguishes from other means of transportation. Two thirds of the external trade is done through marine transportation. Iraq has a 65 klm coast that overlooks the Arabian gulf. This coast is the only port through which Iraq is connected to the world and through which, external trade is conducted. It has a pioneer role in external trade with the markets of the world. Consequently, some ports have been constructed along this coast. They are part of the transportation system. These ports include north Um Qasr , south Um qasr, Khor Al - Zubair, Abu Floos and Al - Ma’aqal. The present thesis aims at investigating the strategic importance of Iraqi trade ports anf the role they play in the external trade. This represents one of the pillars of Iraq economy and the development of these ports represents the development of the country. The study is comprised of five chapters. Chapter One deals with the historic development of Iraqi marine transportation. It consists of three sections. Section one deals with the development of parts. Section two tackles the classification of ports while section three shows the development of Iraqi transportation fleet. Chapter Two covers the human and natural barriers of marine transportation. Chapter Three outlines the orientation of marine transportation from 1997 to 2010. Chapter Four deals with the waiting columns (convoys) theory and its application in the ports of Iraq. Chapter Five shows the problems and barriers that Iraqi ports suffer from and the future expectations to Iraqi ports. The study ends with some conclusions and recommendations

الصناعات التحويلية في محافظة المثنى واقعها وافاقها المستقبلية == Manufacturing Industries In The Province Of Muthanna The Reality And Future Prospects A Thesis Submitted

اسم المؤلف: ماهر حيدر نعيم الجابري
اسم المشرف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The manufacturing of the most important economic activities that lead to building an economic base sophisticated and technically advanced, scientifically and technology, and then Thaoh greater opportunities for economic progress of any country. This study examined the reality of the manufacturing industries in Muthanna province, which is located in the southwestern part of Iraq and for the period from 1980 to 2009. Gained this study significance through several things most important is the lack of a similar study at the county level, and also in order to draw a clear vision for the future of these industries, and through working knowledge of relative importance, and to study its components geographical, and stand on their geographical distribution by identifying the structure, and relational knowledge of the relationship between them and the basic Mrtkzadtha, and then detect the size of the ingredients of the investor in order to detect the surplus, in order to develop plans and investment policies studied. This study relied on government data, in addition to relying on information from some books and university studies, as well as the data and information collected by the field study. The study found several results, including the province of Muthanna located at the site of a good geographical mediates between the southern provinces and the central provinces, and also contain elements of natural geographic and human and that played a big role in the endemicity of these industries, and through its geological and diverse water resources permanent normal runoff and extensive ground spaces, also contain population numbers is one of the important sources of manpower, and the province has a network composed of transfer of the railway network and major and minor ways. And diversified industrial structure of manufacturing through the diversity of sizes institutions between large, medium and small, and return most of the ownership of these institutions to the private sector, except for some institutions that belong to the public sector, either the geographical distribution of these industries has shown us that most manufacturing industries are concentrated in the centers of the province and especially center Elimination of Samawah, which contained the highest ratios. Turning to the issue of problems faced by these industries has show us that it suffers from several problems affected directly and indirectly in their work, which led to the impact on their production due to the loss of most of its energies design, and the most serious problems generated by these industries is the problem of environmental pollution and Assorted three air, water and ground. When resorting to the use of Electronic Calculator by program spss show that manufacturing ties differentiated between positive and reverse with factored Home, revealed by knowing the amount of saturation of these industries of what makes geographical presence amount of the surplus of the ingredients is an investor, which opens the door to future prospects have. The most important recommendations that are considered by the researcher is necessary from the point of view is to work on opening specialized centers working to make the necessary studies and different and providing guidance task for industrial process and to open training courses for workers in industries in order to develop their technical skills, and intensify efforts to invest and exploitation of natural resources , and the exploitation of the geographical location of the province by opening an international border port, and finally work on the development of manufacturing technology and technically.

الصناعات النفطية واثارها التنموية في جنوب العراق == Petroleum Industries And Their Effects On Development In Southern Iraq

اسم المؤلف: حميد عطية عبد الحسين الجوراني
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Located the study area in the southern part of Iraq (Basra, Maysan, Dhi Qar) on an area of (48,042) km 2 and forms (11%) of the area of total Iraq of amounted to (434,128) km 2, and that this area contains the natural resources the most important crude oil and gasnormal with an estimated oil reserve where b (192 143) million barrels distributed in (28) oil fields, including (15) oil fields productive and contain known reserves of oil estimated at (82.380) million barrels up to the 2009 accounts for 71.6% of the total proven eserves f Iraq of amounted to (115) billion barrels. And also contains large quantities of natu gas reserves associated with crude oil up to (1802) billion M3 by 56.8% of the total reserves of Iraq (3170) billion M3.The study aimed to clarifying the role of oil industries in the development in the south of Iraq, and monitoring development indicators of occurring in the Maritime Transport (Oil Tankers Co.), and land transport (transport of oil products and the workers in the oilindustries), and the sanitary and , educational aspects, and the amounts spent on the purchase of water and electricity. The study also aimed at clarifying the impact of the development of oil industries in southern Iraq, on the standard of living of people throughemployment on permanent and temporary scales, and the provide housing for workers and entertainment facilities for than and their families and the rest of the population, along with other development indicators brought about by the oil industries in southern Iraq. The study concluded the correlation of industrial production and technical and service between the oil industry in southern Iraq as well as with other industries in central and northern Iraq through the mutual benefit between the companies' products such as crude oil and natural gas, which the company of the Southern Oil and Maysan Oil the South Refineries Company and Southern Gas as well as provide of other key material in petrochemicals, fertilizers, power plants to benefit from products other companies havecreated. The emergence of oil industry in the development in southern Iraq by monitoring indicators of development taking place in health, education and labor and their monthly income and the provision of housing, as well as the varying geographic effects of thedevelopment caused by the oil industry in the provinces of the south, is because most of these industries are located in the province, as well as a variation in the impact of development for each oil company especially on the service sector in the establishment anddevelopment of infrastructure in the provinces of southern Iraq and in particular the province of Basra.The study has com out with the following results : 1 - The oil industry to the periods of deterioration due to wars fought by Iraq, as well as the economic blockade imposed by the United Nations and chaos in economic sectors including the oil sector after the 2003 war, affecting the instability of crude oil productionand fluctuation, when it had reached a peak rate (3.5) million barrels per day in December 1979 before the Iran - Iraq war, fell to the rate of (1.2) million barrels per day in 1984 and then rose before August 1990 to (2.785) million barrels per day and then decreased to therate of (2) million barrels per day After the 2003 war and the impact of this negative impact on the oil industry and the annual resources of the general budget in Iraq.2 - Abundant reserves the fields of southern Iraq, such as giant field Rumaila South in (14,833.4) million barrel West Qurna field (13,013.3) million barrels, and North Rumaila (12,158) million barrels, as well as abundant reserves in thr fields producing crude oil and(66163) million barrels in 2009 compared to the accumulated output amounted to (16,954) million barrels for the same year in which a proportion of only 25% of the total reserve, and this confirms that the fields of the are pristine, despite the discovery of most of them in the middle of the twentieth century. This confirms the hypothesis at the point (1). 3 - The diversity in oil densite in southern Iraq from oil - heavy degree of 22° - 24° API Knaft (field Artawi 21° API and the field of Abu west of 23° API) and the average 30 ° API Knaft (field Allhis 32° API and a field Halfaya 32° API) and light oil 34° Knaft API (thefield of Nasiriyah 34° API and the North Rumaila field, 35° and 36° API Zubair Bin Umar 50° API) and the latter is lighter types of oils in the world. This diversity has given flexibility in the movement of export and sale prices at the barrel.4 - The province of Basra, occupied the first place in thr producing fields and non - producing or under development in southern Iraq, amounting to (14) field out of the total (28) fields and by 50% of the total producing fields and non - producing or under development and the number of reservoirs (56) which are 60% of the total reservoir of productive and unproductive in southern Iraq, amounting to (93) reservoir oil, the province of Maysan, and by 39%, 32% of the number of fields and reservoirs producing and non - productive orunder development respectively, Dhi Qar was are anked the list, and by 11%, 8% the number of fields and reservoirs producing and non - producing or under development, respectively, until the year 2009.5 - Phases of the oil industry in southern Iraq from the drill up and manufacturing industries and service as well as the diversity are intearated the nature of the work of companies in the Southern Oil and Maysan Oil south, and service companies as the Iraqi Drilling,projects and oil tankers and petroleum products, and the hypothesis is confirmed by research at the point (2).6 - Is the cost of producing a barrel from the fields of southern Iraq is the lowest globally, as it amounted to 1408.130 IQD This provides additional resources to the state in the case of increasing the amount of export of crude oil.7 - The number of productive and non - producing or under development wells in southern Iraq are (1552) until 2009. (1508) afther are in productive fields dispersed on (15) productive oil fields and about (1064) productive wells and (290) wells for water injectionand (37) wells, and (117) are wells assessment which is compared to a few. This indicates that oil exploration is still at the embryonic stage and that the amount of proven oil reserves will increase with future drilling of new wells.8 - A large part of the natural gas produced of southern Iraq associated with crude is wasted burning because of the lack of stations CBS gas in southern Iraq and the (12) station only until the year 2009, for example, is produced from natural gas fields insouthern Iraq in 2009 amounted to (2.87) billion standard cubic feet and the burning of it (1.63) billion standard cubic feet by 56.8% of the quantity produced. this is a waste ofmoney on the national level.9 - The geographical distribution of the oil industry in southern Iraq, shows a lack of homogeneity for the units by, the focus around (70%) of the companies, the oil industry in the province of Basra and the number (5) companies and two distributed out of (8)companies and (6) branches, while the oil industry the remaining provinces of Maysan, Dhi Qar because the discovery of oil fields in Basra was early as fields Zubair and Rumaila North and South America and others, and which requires the establishment of companies, extractive and manufacturing and service companies because one of the conditions the oil industry is the integration.10 - It became clear that the volume of links front and rear of the oil industry is significant , as it spreads to the provinces of central and northern Iraq as well as the existence of the complexity of industrial relations production and service between the companies of the oil industry in southern Iraq, and this confirms the hypothesis point (4).11 - It became clear from the study that there is an impact of development of the oil of industry on the economic sector in southern Iraq throuhg local purchases from the public and private sectors and the money spent in the markets of the south ,which reached 2009(149,601.037) thousand dinars, and this underlines the point (3) the hypothesis of the research.12 - The amount of salary paid to the oil industry workers in southern Iraq (679,570.919) thousand dinars in 2009, while the amount of annual profits delivered to the workers and for the same year (288,907.340) thousand dinars.13 - The value of the annual revenues obtained by the companies of the oil industry (2,375,503.416) thousand dinars in 2009, compared to the amounts spent on projects investment plan annual and anchored mostly on private sector companies in southern IraqThe total allocations total oil industry in southern Iraq except oil company South (331766499122) dinars in 2009. 14 - The following the development is clear in the oil industry on the service sector in southern Iraq, including the transport as it benefited the private transport sector of the presence of the oil industry in southern Iraq, with a total cars leased in 2009 about (8500)car of which (7500) for the transfer of petroleum products and the remaining for the transfer of labor in the oil industry and the amounts paid for the transfer of employees (17578.924) thousand dinars in 2009.

محافظة المثنى : دراسة في الجغرافيا الاقليمية == Al - Muthana Governorate Study In Regional Geography

اسم المؤلف: الاء شاكر عمران موسى الشمرتي
اسم المشرف: بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2011
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Geography emphases on studying and examining the places and discover the mutual relationship among them, which will directly effects the natural phenomenon and human being variations. The similarities and differentiations are discovered and revealed by studying the over - all regional walk - through. This considered the main point of focus because its indication of the joint and differentiation the human and natural phenomenon in the same place. Therefore, the regional studies are specialized of distinguishing the special properties of a specific terrain for a single union of both of human and natural phenomenon. The researched in this field in this field would investigate the different phenomenon in single specific terrain whether it is large or small and try to find an explanation for the economical and cultural thru understanding the differentiations among them and divide them into smaller units.The point of this study is to reveal the relationships, mutual and regional, among the different geographic aspects and show the effects of them in determining the significance of the region, in order to prove the similarities and differentiations for the components in it. The 1st part of this study comes with the theoretical wireframes; the 2nd is about the studying of the natural properties of the studied region. Whereas the 3rd is dealing with the properties of Muthanna province populations counting during the past years. The 4th part is about showing the most important economic activities took place in Muthanna province.The study would recommend expanding the scope of regional studies, for its ability to disclose the relationships, wideband data and facts and geographic date inspected and discovered

تباين تراكيز الغازات الملوثة لهواء محافظة بابل : دراسة في التلوث البيئي == Variation In The Concentrations Of Air Pollutant At Babylon Governorate (Study Of Environmental Pollution

اسم المؤلف: شاكر عبد عايد
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الهدف من هذا البحث هو دراسة ظاهرة تلوث الهواء في محافظة بابل عن طريق دراسة تباين تراكيز الغازات الملوثة للهواء في المحافظة من خلال عدد من المحطات التي تقيس تراكيز مجموعة من الغازات. فضلا عن دراسة التباين الكمي والنوعي للملوثات الجوية المتساقطة فوق مح | The purpose ( objective ) of this research is studying air pollution phenomena Bahylan governorate through studying the vanatins the concentrations of air pollntntnts the governorate through some stations which measure the concentrations of gases and also studying the quality and quantity differences for polluters that falling over Bahylan govenorate during 2010 through some source locations that are distributed in city center and some other places. For this purpose, reported hinformation ( the ministry of environment governorate , the Iraqi air information , the quality of air in Babylan environment governorate during 2010 were used. The lowest and the highest limits and yearly average for each kind of polluters as well as the quantity of falling dust at each location during the months of study year were stand by using anautomatic absorbition tool to measure the concentrations of heavy elements that mixed with dust during the seasons. The human and natural factors and how much they influence wpon ari pollutants at Babylon were standed too.The increasing of the concentrations of air pollutants at Babylon is caused by natural and human reasons with granted eldeat to the human factors which is represented by industry , transportation , population and agriculture. The location of the city which is neighbor to some governorates has a big role in driver these governorates by wind.Factors adhering air pollution at Babylon governorate are : 1 - The astronomical location specified the climate features to Babil governorate which it lies in the centre of Iraq made it influenced by the climate of middle Iraq which is hot and dry ( BW) which reflected on the other natural factors and it role to influence the distribution and concentration of air polluters 2 - The geographical location of Baghdad , Anbar and Karbalaa which are next to Babil made the area of study influences by pollutant which are poured from these governorate whether they are natural like dusty storms or human like industrial waste which the wind played a vital role to transport them to the study area. 3 - The area of study has a property which is plane surface and average about ( 0,23 ) meter per Kilometers towards northwest , southwest , and also the existence of surface water by. Euphrates and its feeds and also the dependence of population on it for the first place in the area of study for lack of rain 4 - The climate has a negative role in the of the problem because of high degree of heat and the increasing of steaming and the lack of rain , all that led to draught of soil and break down. Also the lack of natural greenery contributed increasing of naked soil wind for the autumn of dust and sandwich they are air pollutants, and for the hot climate influence on high of elements and gases by the influence of sun races from the light chemical to change the gases into elements more harmful on air pollution 5 - The soil of soft muddy area in the river's shoulders and the bad drainage pools was more resistant to naked wind operation and less influence on air pollution , while the sandy soil especially in the south east of the governorate was less wet and catch up was less resistant for wind naked was more influence in increasing air pollution. 6 - For water resources positive influence in reducing of research problem in the dry climate area study through absorbing air pollutants and find a agricultural areas and natural greenery which descending on rivers shoulders , but this factor has lost much of its influence in protecting the air out of pollution because of man's role and there was not any role to the deep water in the agriculture in the area of study 7 - It has appeared that the increasing in population has a big role in the previous problem , the population in Babylon governorate during 2010 reached ( 1712329 ) which required civilized enlargement opposite to green areas and increasing the quantity of waste materials out of population different activities also acting negatively towards environment. 8 - The planted area in the study area in 2009 - 2010 has reached about ( 773355 ) acres that reduces during the summer season which the air pollution become higher through it. On the other side this activity has an influence through finding different air polluters for example injunction seeds , using agricultural killer , chemical and organic and also the wrong agricultural styles and wrong shepherding which made this activity one of the reasons of air pollution. 9 - For the transportation field role in increasing the problem of the research where the number of vehicles increased the study area from ( 1481 ) in 1977 to ( 128270 ) in 2010 while some of these3 vehicles are old and they use bad quality of power ( petrol ). The large number of these vehicle on roads and streets solid obstacles in the city center in making the pollutors more concentrate in these areas. 10 - The industrial activity in the , but the affect of it differs from one industry to another where the industrial field in the area of study is the most important human activities that affects in the research problem but the degree of its affection differed from one industry to another resource like ( gas oil and gas ) as an elementary this is the most polluters to the air and the building industry has a big role in increasing air pollution by the polluters which are poured by this industry in the areas where they are found or the near by areas and also the food industry which increases the problem of air pollution.11 - In Babil's university station it has been appeared that the higher monthly a verge gases constration ( O3 , No2 , So2 ) with constrations ( 0. 36 - 0.25 - 0.12 )ppm consequently 12 - It has been appeared that the higher monthly for the following gases consitration ( Co2 - NO ) ( 499. 886 , 0.2 ) consequently ppm by Abu Khistawy station 13 - Hamza Al - deli area has shoed higher levels for gases constrations ( CH4 , CO ) ppm ( 8. 19 , 1.14 ) ppm consequently 14 - Nadir quarter in Al - Hilla city shoed the largest amount of dust Falling are Babil during the year of study where it became (841.554 gram /m2/ year ).15 - It has appeared that the higher on sentration of (pb ) (100.48 miligram /m3 ) in Sinjar area in Hilla 16 - The highest concentration of ( Cu ) ( 71.42 miligram /m3 ) and it is registration in Nadir area in Hilla 17 - The measurement location in Mehaweel showed the highest concentration of iron and cadimuim ( 71. 93 , 872. 35 miligram /m3 ) consequently.

الامكانات الجغرافية ومدى ملاءمتها لزراعة محاصيل حقلية مقترحة في قضاء شط العرب

اسم المؤلف: ابراهيم علي العيساوي
اسم المشرف: منعم مجيد حمد الحمادة | وليد عبد الرضا جبيل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2011
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The suggested field produces are regarded as strategic economical produces for their importance to fulfill a great deal of food consumption needs of population , and decrease the necessity of import from the outside , via ensuring food security in addition to the provision of raw materials which are involved in most of the industries that can be developed not in Shatt Al - Arab district only , but also in the whole governorate Basrah as well , especially that these produces are characterized by their diversity of uses in food and industry.The current study aims at shedding some light on the geographical , natural and human potentialities of Shatt Al - Arab district. It also investigates whether these potentialities are suitable for planting such produces like cereal produces ( Maze Indialu Corn , grain Sorghum Corn and Porso Millet ) , the Oleic produces (Sesame , Sunflower , and Safflower) , bean produces (Broad Bean , Dry Bean Cowpeas and green gram ) , and feed produces (Oats , Alfalfa , and Birds Foot trefoil ). Moreover , it tackles the most prominent problems that may face the planting of such produce , and the best ways to get rid of the problems for the purpose of developing and expanding the planting of these produces.The study involves three chapters. The first chapter is devoted to deal with the Geographical potentialities of Shatt Al - Arab district , the first chapter has been divided into two sections one the hand. The first deals with Natural geographical potentialities represented by the Geographical Location , geographical formation , surface and climatic properties , soil and water resources. On the other hand , The second section is concerned with the geographical as well as the human potentialities of the district represented by working hands , watering and perforation systems , the planting operations , and the Agricultural policy and transportation.The second chapter has been divided into three sections , all of which handle a certain aspect. The first section has tackled the economic importance of the suggested field produces.the second focuses on the natural necessities of these produces from the light term , The basic heat limits , the quality of the soil up to their watering needs. whilst ,the third section has dealt with the human and agricultural necessities of these produces , in which it involved the best ways of planting and the most significant classes that can suit this district such as the amount of seeds , the fertilizers , and cropping for the purpose of having the best quality and quality of these produce.Concerning the third chapter , it has been divided into three main section. the first has revealed the natural problems that might be effecting the process of the planting of the suggested field produce. Those problems are represented by the climatic problems and the leaving problems that Shat Al - Arab and the surrounding watering channels are suffered from. Also , it is not to forget the human problems represented by the lack of efficiency of the watering systems , as they do not suit the needs of those produces. In addition to that , there is a problem of increasing the rate of saltiness and the rabbis. They are regarded as natural results to the military operations. And these results are regarded as the largest obstruction that face the management of planting the suggested field produces. The second section has been dealt with the best ways to resolve these problems and assist the process of planting of these produce.Finally , I can conclude that Shat Al - Arab district is characterized by a great deal of potentialities. Those Geographical potentialities that qualify the planting of certain produce , especially grain Sorghum Corn , Safflower and Cotton , and also the feed produce as they cannot stand the dryness , the high rates of saltiness in soil , these two problems are regarded as the main problems effecting the process of planting Shat Al - Arab district. Moreover , it become obvious that furrow way of planting can be considered as the perfect way suiting those produces. The reason is typically related to its role to decrease the lost of water , also it declines the saltiness rates except in the case of feed produce. Because in the case of feed produce , it is noticed that wing panels and using the dropping of water can guarantee the expansions in the planting of the suggested field produces.

تحليـل بيئـي للعوامل الجغرافية المؤثرة في كميـة ونوعية المتـساقطات الجـوية في محافظة ذي قار : دراسة في التلوث البيئي == Environmental Analysis To Geographical Factors Influential In The Quantity And Quality Of Fallen Air In Dhi - Qar Governorate A Study In Environmental Pollution

اسم المؤلف: زياد وهاب احمد
اسم المشرف: كاظم عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي | بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The subject matter is connected with ecology and from this point it gets its importance, because it is the place that the living things are live and reacting with each other positive and negairly.The existence of the falling meteorics in an environment of the study place is connected with human and natural factors which contributed in away or another in the increase or the decrease the a mount of the falling dust on certain place rather than another.The first chapter tackles some of the environmental scientific concepts and method which has been followed for writing the thesis.The second chapter is talking a bout the geographical natural factors which caused the variation of the quality and the quantity of the falling meteorics in the study field.The third chapter is a bout the human factors which caused the variation of the quality and quantity of the falling meteorics.The fourth chapter is analyses the environmental circumstances which were behind the variation of falling meteorics among the places of the study field.The fifth and final chapter is displaying the environmental circumstances which are in charge of the variation of the falling meteorics in the suburbs of the study field.This study can be considered as the first environmental study that shows the quality and the quantity of the falling dust and rain on THI - QAR province, the study used the analytic method which based upon the quantative description and explanation for the information and data of subject matter of the research.The study made it obvious that the environmental situation of THI - QAR, and its influence upon the falling meteorics has several results which are : 1 - The natural geographical and human factors have a great deal of contribution in determining the quality and the quantity of the falling meteorics in the study field, but the influence of each factor differs from the other, not only that but it differs from one factor another in the same group.2 - Climate is considered one of most influencial natural factor in the subject of the study, because of the increase of temperature level, the amount of evaporation, and the scanty humidity that the soil contains, the shortage or fluctuation of the quantity of the rain the thing that made it easier for north - west wind to carry the tiny particle of the broken, especially from the sedimentary plain.which represents (90%) percent out of the whole area of the province which facilitated the flow of the wind because of its plainly spreading from the north the south. Therefore, the influence of climatic characteristics is direct on the soil, because most of the lands in the study field are lacking the natural plants which can from a protecting shield its surface.3 - The direct adjoining of this province to provinces like, AL - MUTHANA, AL - QADISYA, and AL - WASIT, participated in helping the tiny particles of the dust to reach this place, and this is very obvious through the increase of the amount of the falling dust on the northern and the north - east of the study field, because of the domination of the barren land which represent most of the lands province, that their influences reached the study field because of the north - east wind.4 - The increase of the aquatic surface areas in the southern and the south - east parts palys an important role reducing the amount of the falling dust on these parts, because the suburbs and regions which took the first stage in the minimum amount of the falling dust are those whom the marshes and pools occupy most of their lands, which became typical sediment places to the tiny particles of dust and soil contrary to the northern and north - west parts which lacks that.5 - The man with his activities has a negative role fundamentally in the work of the natural influences, that is to say, the increase of the desert in a formidable areas of the study field, which made it a fundamental source supply the air with dust.The un availability of plantation projects and stabilizing the sand dunes, or the uncovered soil especially in the northern and north - west of the province, in addition to the weak agricultural consciousness regarding the land administration, and not following the system of (agricultural cycle) and the bad grazing until the agricultural activity because unable to play its fundamental role in reducing the flying dust, add to that the distant of the unuseful land for plantation is (2448472)d.m leave only (15%) percent invested land for season 2006 - 20076 - The beginning of industry that the study field witnessed played two roles simultaneously,Firstly it has not any influence on the level of purity of the rain water in an advanced way, because of the small amount of issuing gases that the factories produced.Secondly a percentage of the chemical elements dust and then sediment with it.7 - The transportation roads contributed in causing most of the rising dust and exists in the suburbs and areas of the study field, that because of the huge number of the unpaved streets, which reached (2087)k.m which is six times bigger than the paved streets, and even those paved streets became unuseful for moving and transporting these streets issuing the dust as soon as any transportation medium pass through or even if the wind moves.The transportation media from vehicles and motorbikes are responsible for the existence of lead and cadmium with the tiny particles of the dust, and its percentage increased the centers of there suburbs, because of the high population which is connected with the number of transportation media, we should know that producing the exhausted things close to the land surface supporting the speed to sediment of it with the falling dust.8 - The influence of the places out of the study field was very obvious through moving the tiny particles of dust from the close surrounding provinces, or from the desert of the neighbouring countries like Saudi Arabia and Egypt, and that is a natural thing because we are dealing with an atmosphere that is opened to the climatic variation.9 - The amount of the falling dust was increased during summer because of the climatic characteristics mainly adding to that the rest of the geographical factors mentioned above.Secondly come the influence of the autumn which is less than summer because of the gradual change of the climate to study field, and the drop of the temperature and the increased of humidity especially inside the soil as well as the reduction of the wind speed.The spring season came thirdly because of the similar characterizes with autumn, since they are transitional seasons between summer and winter, whereas winter is the less season of issuing falling dust due to maximum drop of temperature degree and the increase of humidity.10 - Locations like ( AL - BATHAA, SOUTH OF AL - NASSRIA CITY, SOQ AL - SHIUOKH) had witnessed the high scored amount of the falling dust through the observatory seasons, because of the direct connection with provinces like (AL - MUTHANA and AL - QADISYA), moreover it represents the sediment place for the dusty storms that come from the neighboring countries.11 - The amount of the falling dust was reduced during the observative mothes at the southern, south - east and, the eastern parts of the study field due to the vast size of the marshes and pools or the big distance of the agricultural lands in places like ( AL - TAR, GARMAT BENY SAEED, AL - AKEEKA, AL - FHOOD, URE, AL - HAMMAR, AL - DAWAYA, SAYED DIKHEEL, AL - ISLAAH, and AL - CHIPAYESH) in addition to its distance of the northern and north - west parts.12 - The amount of the falling rain increased during autumn and winter and the beginning of spring and there were to high scores to the rain fall, the first was at winter in (December) (81) mm, the other one was at spring in (march) (75.8)mm, and that is connected with the meteoric subdued, which is responsible of the rain fall on the study field.While during (February and may) there was aridity which reduce the soil humidity.13 - The concentration of the chemical elements was sort of close between the observative seasons, but the difference lies between the variation of places.Concerning lead and cadmium, their percentage is stable during the seasons of the year except in spring there was increase in the lead level in comparing with the rest of seasons.Whereas the iron scores the highest concentration in comparing with the other chemical elements, due to the dusty storms which brought it from the neighboring countries, causing this increase in its level which was stable between the seasons.While (nickel and copper)have almost the same level at over the four seasons of observation and (nickel) witness decrease in its level during spring in comparing with the other seasons.Uranium have no existence in any place, which means that it is the only element that stable value during the hole period of observation, and to be existed it needs to a measuring process for a location that indured a military a tack.14 - The level of chemical elements especially (lead and cadmium) in the centre of suburbs and regions which have big population, which increase the size of contaminators which produced through using the transportation media or burning the trash.The rest of the elements varied in their concentration from location to another.15 - The value of the hydrogenic (s) of the falling rain water (pH) within the ecologic acceptable limits, hence, between the less value scored in (AL - SHATTRA) during (march) (4.9) to the highest value scored (November) (7.6), the first value is much more acidic while the other is close to be even.The reason behind the increase of the acidic or base level due the amount of the contaminators in the air, from gases or vapor, didn’t reach to the risky environment stage.

دراسة مناخية لتكرار الظواهر الجوية (الغيوم والعواصف الرعدية والبرد) في العراق == Climatic Study Of The Recurrence Of Atmospheric Phenomena : Clouds, Thunder Storms And Hails In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: رحيم عيدان فضيل العطافي
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الى دراسة تكرار الظواهر الجوية الغيوم، والعواصف الرعدية، والبرق، والبرد وعلاقة بعضها ببعض في العراق للمدة من 1991 - 2002 م في جهات القطر المختلفة وتحليل العوامل التي تقرر حدوثها وتوزيعها الجغرافي وعلاقة بعضها ببعض من اجل اعطاء صورة حقيقية عن طب | This study aims at studying the recurrence of atmospheric phenomena like clouds, thunder storms, lightning and hails, and their relation with each other. In Iraq between 19991 - 2002 in different areas of the country it also aims at analyzing the factors that decide their occurrence together with their geographic distribution and their relation with each other to give a realistic image of the nature of atmospheric phenomena in addition to specifying the time and places in which they occur during the and place distinction. This is due to the fact that these phenomena have positive and negative impacts on different sides of life. his study falls into four chapters with different sections. First chapter deals with studying the influential factors in atmospheric phenomena (clouds, thunder storms and the phenomena of lightning and hails) represented by the solar radiation, temperature, humidity, winds, jet currents, air masses, and low atmosphere. Chapter two deals with studying the atmospheric phenomena recurrence (clouds, thunder, storms, and the phenomena of lightning and hails). This chapter consists of four sections : Section one deals with studying clouds : the factors responsible foe low, mid and high duds formation , their types and geographic distribution. Section two deals with studying thunder storms, outspread weather that accomplices rainy and non - rainy thunder storms, and their geographical destruction. Section three deals with studying lighting phenomena, lighting formation , types of lightning and their geographic distribution. Section four deals with studying hail phenomena, hail formation and their geographic distribution. Chapter three consists of three section : Section one deals with studying the relationship between low clouds and rainy and non - rainy thunder storms and the phenomena of lightning and hails. Section two deals with studying the relationship between mid, clouds and rainy and non - rainy thunder storms, and the phenomena of lightning and hails. Section three deals with studying the relationship between high - clouds and rainy and non - rainy thunder storms , and the phenomena of lightning and hails. Section four deals with studying the relationship between clouds rising and rainy non - rainy thunder storms, and the phenomena of lighting and hails. During this study of the recurrence of atmospheric phenomena (clouds, thunder storms, and the phenomena of lightning and hails) in Iraq , many facts are revealed and summarized as : 1 - Multiplicity of factors responsible for the formation atmospheric phenomena (clouds, thunder, storms, lighting and hails). 2 - There is time place conflict for clouds , thunder storms, lighting and hails among areas included in this study

الملائمة المكانية لكفاءة التخطيط الحضري واثرها على السكان في مدينة البصرة == Spacial Suitability Of Urban Planning Efficiency And Its Impact On People Of Basrah City

اسم المؤلف: وسن نوشي محمد المنصوري
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية التربية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The main purpose behind studying the special suitability to the urban planning efficiency and its impact on people of Basra city is to reveal which factors are more influential on population changes and how to handle the short comings to provide an urban environment suitable for living. To achieve the goal of this, it's divided into three chapters together with the results. Chapter one deals with some of the people characteristics of Basra city and their impacts represented by studying environment population growth since 1947 until 2008 changing numerical and proportional distribution of people of the city and the life span and qualitative structure. Chapter two deals with using of the urban lands of Basra city and the relationship between the origins of planning and the existing reality. Chapter three deals with the restrictions of urban growth of Basra city whether these restrictions are natural or human. After collection, classification and analysis of the in some conclusions regarding Basra city, the current study reveals that there is : - 1) An increase in population of Basra city since 1947 until 2008 continuously.2) A conflict between uses of urban land and the oversteps that there impacts are reflected in the process of providing different services like overstepping the commercial, industrial, educational and religious uses over residential uses and vice versa, where overstepping of the residential almost exceeds (3271) houses.3) An apparent shortage in educational services and the city needs additional (158) kindergarten, (64) primary schools and (71) secondary schools.4) An apparent traffic congestion that the city witnesses for it's bared with roads and street that don't rise to level of the city planning in addition an increase in the car numbers and the lack of car parking. 5) Natural and human restrictions that decrease urban growth of Basra city. The most significant one is the human factor represented by the state policy in directing urban growth towards south - west part of the city.6) No actual execution of the conditions of the wars, unavailable of the financial specifications and misbehavior of administration

تحليل جغرافي للواقع الزراعي فـي قضاء الرفاعي للمــدة 2000 - 2007 == Geographical Analysis For The Agricultural Production At Rifa'Ee County

اسم المؤلف: ميثم عبد الحسين حميد الوزان
اسم المشرف: منعم مجيد حمد الحمادة
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Two factors are combined succeed any agricultural process that is the nature reagent represented by the products of the nature as an auxiliary reagent or obstacle facing agricultural process and the human factor who attempt hardly to less the effect of ne

استخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS في تقييم واقع زراعة المحاصيل في قضاء الرميثة == Using of Geographical Information Systems In Evaluation of Crops Cultivation In The Rumaitha District / Qadha'A

اسم المؤلف: فيصل لفتة هدام الجياشي
اسم المشرف: داود جاسم الربيعي | حسن عداي كرم الله
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: منطقة الدراسة ذات اهمية لمحافظة المثنى، كونها تشكل السلة الغذائية للمحافظة، فضلا عن انها تظم اراض واسعة ومتنوعة من حيث تربتها، وهذا ما يستوجب الدراسة والتحليل. لذلك كان هدف الدراسة تقييم واقع زراعة المحاصيل الزراعية في منطقة الدراسة وتحديد افضل الاماكن لز | The study area is of great importance to the AL - Muthanna province, as the food basket, as well as they include a wide variety of land where soil, which requires study and analysis, the objective of the study was to assess agricultural crops in the study

استخدام الطرائق التقليدية ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في اعداد الخرائط الاستنتاجية لمحافظة البصرة : دراسة كارتوغرافية == Using Method Traditranal And Geographic Information System of Properties Apriorition Map of Basrah Governorate (Cartography Study)

اسم المؤلف: رباب عبد المجيد حميد الكصوان
اسم المشرف: حسن عداي كرم الله
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الخرائط ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

التباين المكاني لمشكلة التجاوزات العشوائية في مدينة البصرة واثارها البيئية == The Different Distribution of The Problem of The Encroaching Casuals In Basra And Its Environmental Effects

اسم المؤلف: ايمان نعيم غضبان محمد
اسم المشرف: داود جاسم الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ظلت مدينة البصرة على مر العصور التاريخية نموذجا حقيقيا للتطور الحضاري والتمدن،وذلك بحكم موقعها الجغرافي والتجاري المميز وما تبعه من قيام العديد من المشاريع التجارية والصناعية والترفيهية والزراعية، ساهمت في جعلها مركز استقطاب للعديد من المهاجرين اليها، بحث | Basra city has remained throughout history a real example of a cultural urbanized developed city because of its distinguished geographical and commercial location. The number of the commercial, industrial, agricultural and entertaining projects which have

تاثير نوعية مياه الري على انتاج المحاصيل الزراعية في قضائي القرنة والفاو : دراسة مقارنة في الجغرافية الزراعية

اسم المؤلف: هالة محمود شاكر البغدادي
اسم المشرف: نصر عبد السجاد الموسوي | عبد الجبار جلوب المالكي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الزراعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Providing the required amount of water becomes one of the most essential needs for agricultural production in so many places in the worldnowadays. Iraq is one of the countries in which the propagation system is used more than 500 years ago, for it is sit

دور الصناديق السيادية والاحتياطات الاجنبية في التنمية مع اشارة خاصة للعراق == The Role of Sovereign Funds And International Reserves In The Development of Iraq

اسم المؤلف: نادرة حسن حيدر رضا
اسم المشرف: جليل شيعان ضمد البيضاني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: International Reservations play important role in stabilizing economic of advanced and developing states due to its extra or dinar in fluency on many economical variables, the stability and growth of developing economics as it is the main finance sources in addition to reflecting the extent of performance and economical efficiency in the development economical contest.In other hand, sovereign funds are related with nature of economics owned by states including its reliance (on depleting resources specially petroleum) are also related mainly with the surplus international reservations to secure the proficiency of depleting resources in realizing substantial evolution securing sustainability of hum and envelopment and thus the study by this effort argues important aspects and the possibility of utilization from the results of the study on the real situation of Iraqi economy up on the following hypo thesis : International Reservation and Sovereign Funds have a vital role in achieving the sustainability human development for the states have depleting resources including Iraq.

تحليل سوق العمل في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة 1990 - 2010 == Analyzing Labour Market In Iraq Economy For The Period 1990 - 2010

اسم المؤلف: ناجي ساري فارس المالكي
اسم المشرف: علي حسين علي المشهداني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Labour markets are very important to develop the economics late for the world countries as a whole. It is observed that the variables that determined the labour market, don't connected with individual only, but connecting with compound factors far from the controlling of the individual. Those variables considered to be political such as wars, geographic such as earth quick and social as unemployment besides other factors.This study tries to study the labour market now adays and its role in future through its contribution in path of reconstruction and the new development strategies.The important of the study comes from the importance of labour market in iraq which distinguished by the unemployment. This unemployment does not exclusive on specific group of labour force, but it's general for the all.The study divided into four chapter : The first deals with the labour force. The second taking into consideration the quantitative sides for the labour force in iraq.While the third studying the estimation of demand on labour force in iraq for the period 1990 - 2010. the last chapter deals with the qualitative sides of the labour in the end there are some conclusion and suggestion.

واقع القطاع السياحي في العراق مع اشارة خاصة للقطاع السياحي في محافظة البصرة للمدة 1990 - 2002 == Situated The Tourist Sector In Iraq With Sing To The Tourist Sector In Basrah In A Given Period 1990 - 2002

اسم المؤلف: مضر نعمة عكاش
اسم المشرف: عبد الرزاق يوسف نصر الله
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم دراسات الجدوى الاقتصادية والفنية لبعض المشروعات الصناعية في البصرة == Evaluation of Economic And Technical Feasibity For Some Industrial Projects In Basra

اسم المؤلف: مسير صبر عبود
اسم المشرف: عباس جبار الشرع
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The economic feasibility study of investment in industrial projects is of a great importance for the investors in public& private sectors. This importance came from it's role that makes the investment decisions are founded up on objective bases and showsthat the invested capital will be at the most achievable profit level.Therefore ,the industrial projects should be carefully studied from many aspects such as economic , financial , technical , social, and locational elements. And make use of the results of the study in evaluation of the alternatives of industrial project in order to subject them to the comparison process and choose the ones that can achieve the aims of investors. Therefore the industrial projects which are undertaken with out economic feasibility study may fail and cause the lossing of money and good investment opportunities. Iraq is in need for such studies for investment in the industrial sector in order to make sure that the selected industrial projects of investment programme are able to maximize the benefits and participate in the development process.In lights of the importance mentioned above and to reach the following : 1 - where are the economic feasibility studies of investment in industry to be in reality?2 - To know the level of goodness, comprehension and analytical depth of projectcomponents.3 - To suggest an evaluation criterion may be used in making the choice of the most useful project among the alternatives.4 - To introduce a proposal , if have been followed, the comprehensive feasibility could be reached. The thesis is divided into four chapters.The first chapter tries to explain the theoretical background of economic feasibility of investment, it's types and components, while the second chapter deals with analysis of fundamental aspects of comprehensive feasibility of industrial projects and theirexchange influences and suggests an evaluation criterion which may be used in making the choice of the most useful project among the alternatives. In addition to that introduces a proposal for decision of the comprehensive feasibility..The third chapter concentrates upon the study of the economic feasibility in real life to pinpoint the main deficiencies which might be there by evaluating the legislative, organizational, and institutional frameworks of the feasibility studies in Iraq.In this chapter the researcher tries to make a vision and verifies the goodness criteria (goodness, analytical depth and comprehensive study of project components ) by examining some practical economic feasibility studies of industrial projects which have been done and introduced by ministries of industrial sector (oil, electricity, industry) to the ministry of planning for listing their projects in investment programs. The forth chapter has gone to support the vision of researcher which is,(the economicevaluation of projects does not mean and would not indicate , in all situation, the economic feasibility, but there are some differences between them as well as between them and commercial feasibility), by introducing a practical feasibility study for theproject of Basra Refinery. The study has reached to some findings which can be shown as bellow : 1 - In opposite direction for logics and sense there was a continuing change of the government attitude toward economic feasibility studies ,because it had paid attention to feasibility studies of private industrial projects when the country had plenty ofresources, specially foreign exchange ,whereas neglected the feasibility studies of these projects when there was a shortage of resources.2 - Most of industrial projects were enrolled in investment programmes of the government during the years( 2004 - 2008) without feasibility studies ,and they were 74% of total industrial projects.3 - Absence of , goodness , analytical depth and the comprehensive study of the project components ,which was reflected by the low indicator of general comprehension level which is 33%4 - Non feasibility of the investment in the project of Basra Refinery because of it's failure according to all feasibility criteria According to the findings those mentioned above, the researcher's recommendations are as follow : 1 - Economic feasibility study of private industrial projects should be given attention through legislations and consider it as a condition to authorize and license the private as well as public industrial projects.2 - Exclude all public industrial projects those are submitted by ministries without feasibility studies 3 - Re - study the economic feasibility of the industrial projects which are not completed yet.4 - Adapting the comprehensive feasibility and determination the relative importance of each part of it for evaluation of private industrial projects.5 - Adapting the of economic feasibility( Efficiency Approach) in evaluation of public industrial projects

الصناعة التحويلية في اليمن الواقع وافاق المستقبل

اسم المؤلف: محمد مكرد ثابت عوض الصلوي
اسم المشرف: عباس جبار الشرع
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Experiment of advanced and developing countries have established that manufacturing constitutes the main base for economic and social development and on which there might be built a primary foundation necessary for developing economic and social structure and speeding up growth rates. The Republic of Yemen is one of the developing countries, but it is considered one of the least developing countries as classified by United Nations; in that she has been suffering from a great number of social and economic problems, in addition to the lag of economic growth rates. Therefore, industry is hopefully expected to have a leading role in solving so many of those problems and obstacles, especially after the country had been unified on may 22, 1990, as well as the unification of the potentials of the country and their orientation toward achieving social and economic development, raising living standards of people, and increasing the income. This study aims at investigating and analysing the situation of manufacturing industry in Yemen and the indicators of its development for the period 1990 - 2000, as well as the obstacles which preclude its development. Our study tries also to investigate the factors and ingredients of manufacturing industry development in Yemen and the horizons of developing it in the future. That's due to the fact that industry is regarded as the pioneer sector in achieving speedy social and economic development which solves the numerous social and economic problems and obstacles prevailing under domestic, regional and international variables, and that after the emergence of the new international system, namely, globalization. This study consists of an introduction and four chapters in addition to the conclusions and recommendations. So, Chapter one is an introductory preface about the Republic of Yemen, her social and economic features, and the economy of Yemen. Chapter two deals with the situation of manufacturing industry in Yemen, through investigating the importance of industry in the economy of Yemen, the ingredients and obstacles of industry, the structure of manufacturing industry in Yemen, and the most important existing manufacturing industries. Chapter three deals with the study of some parameters of the development of manufacturing industry for the period 1990 - 2000. Chapter four deals with the future horizons for developing manufacturing industry in Yemen.The study has reached too many conclusions including that manufacturing industry in Yemen suffers from numerous obstacles, leading to the lag of its development and growth, and to the decrease of its contribution to gross domestic product.Food, construction, and refined oil derivative industries denominate the manufacturing industrial activity in Yemen because the failure of manufacturing strategy followed, namely, the import replacement and the negative influence of international variables on the national industries and its inability to compete with the foreign goods. Finally, there are encouraging ingredients and factors if utilised properly; they will result in the development of manufacturing industry in Yemen in the future, and the overcoming onobstacles which preclude the development of industry in Yemen.

الفساد الاقتصادي في دول مختارة مع التركيز على العراق للمدة 2003 - 2007 == Economic Corruption In Iraq (2003 - 2007)

اسم المؤلف: محمد جاسم عواد
اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الى التعرف على اثر تطبيق الشركة العامة للموانئ العراق لمفهوم ادارة الجودة الشاملة بالاضافة الى التعرف على طبيعة العلاقة بين عناصر (متطلبات) ادارة الجودة الشاملة ودرجتها والاداء المؤسسي للشركة.ولتحقيق هدف البحث تم تصميم استبانة لغرض البحث الميد | Since the onset of 1980s, corruption has been attracting wide range of consideration. Till this current time, it is occupied the first important matter and of most priority in almost all countries of the world, especially the developed ones. That is due to the awareness of the governments that the problem of corruption has negative impacts and severe harms on different fields [economics, social, politics] especially it is considered as obstacle against the economic development and growth, through its impact on the investment and costs of the projects and aspect of expenditures as well as revenues of the state. Corruption is defined as a misuse the public money in favor of personal or private interest. It is represented a state of hysteria of the community as a result of the default of the penals and laws. To demonstrate this problem by putting a hypothesis that says "The politics system which following the changing of the rule in Iraq, led to spearte the economic corruption fenomenon. This fenomenon has avery dangerous impacts on Iraqi economy and society that prevented to build the modern state of Iraq" To prove this hypothesis the study is divided in to four chapters. The first deals with conceptual and primarily frame work of the corruption. The second highlights the economic corruption in some countries. While the third shows the economic corruption reality in Iraq.Finlly, the fourth deals with corruption reflections on the Iraq economy and the ways to treat it.At last there are some conclusions and some suggestions.

تخفيض التكاليف باستخدام مدخل التوريد الخارجي الاستراتيجي : دراسة ميدانية في شركة نفط الجنوب == Cost Reduction By Using The Strategic Outsourcing Approach A Field Study In The South Oil Company

اسم المؤلف: مجيد موسى حميد زبين الكناني
اسم المشرف: هاشم علي هاشم الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The contemporary world of business is witnessing a series of radical transformations and rapid developments resulted from a group of environment factors, such as technological progress, globalization, open - door trading and the strong competitions about the markets and consumers. This makes it necessary for us to look for chances to reduce the operating and capitalistic costs without affecting the quality of the products and services.The issue of cost reduction occupied a vital importance for most of the working projects in all economic sectors because all of these projects suffers, due to the present economic conditions, from the increase in the production costs as a result of the rapid increase in prices, besides, the waste will lead to an increase in the costs and also lead to lack of qualification and knowledge in executing some activities.Because of the above - mentioned conditions, those who are in charge of the administration of companies are seeking for a way that assists to decrease the costs. One of these ways is using the outsourcing.This study aims at discussing how to decrease the costs in the Iraqi Companies by using the strategic outsourcing approach, depending on a complementary theoretical framework derived from the resource - based theory according to the opinions of Barney (1991) and the transaction cost theory according to the opinions of Williamson (1985). Moreover, the study does not ignore the importance of the differential costs in the outsourcing decisions although it goes beyond the traditional approach in limiting the costs to the strategic approach according to the activity - based costs (ABC) for limiting the activities to be sourced from abroad aiming at achieving reduce in the activity execution cost which is reflected in the total cost of the company under study.To achieve the aim above , the study was divided into four chapters : Chapter one deals with the systematization of the study and a survey for some of the previous studies and discussing them showing the similarities and differences with the study in hand, whereas chapter two explained some of the modern approaches in decreasing the cost showing also the possibility of applying these approaches to the Iraqi industrial environment, and surveying the based of outsourcing and its future trends besides its advantages and the most important risks which accompany application.Chapter three concentrated on the qualitative determiners for the strategic outsourcing taken from the transaction cost theory and the resource - based theory showing the justifications of taking the two theories together when we take the decisions of outsourcing. We also surveyed the quantitive determiners of the strategic outsourcing represented by the differential costs, stating the shortcomings in the traditional approach for limiting the costs aiming at shifting to the strategic approach in limiting these costs.The last chapter was devoted for surveying and discussing the field aspect of this study; hence the first research was devoted for surveying, analyzing and discussing the findings of the questionnaire, which included the study sample composed of (53) persons from the managers of the commissions and departments in the South Oil Company, while the second research was devoted to surveying, analyzing and discussing the study of the state of outsourcing in one of the commissions of the previously mentioned company, which is Commission of Maysan Oil Field. The findings of the statistic analysis showed that there is a direct relation between the characteristic of the resources of little value and the outsourcing of the activities of the South Oil Company under study (exploration, digging, operations, marketing, collective transportation of the employees). There is also a direct relation between the unrare resource and the outsourcing of the five activities under study. There is also a direct relation between the characteristic of the resource, which can be substituted and the outsourcing, and finally the certainty of the direct relation between the imitatable resources and the outsourcing. The findings showed by statistic analysis for the four branch hypotheses connected with the resource - based theory enhances the proposals to depend on the choice of the South Oil Company for sourcing any activity out of it on the characteristics of resources (value, rarity, substitute, imitation). The findings of the statistic analysis also showed that there is a direct relation between the characteristic of the activities of less specialized assets and theoutsourcing of the activities of the South Oil Company under study. There is also a direct relation between the characteristic of the activities of little uncertainty and the outsourcing. Finally, the certainty of the direct relation between the characteristic of the activities of little frequency and the outsourcing. The findings showed by the statistic analysis for the three branch hypotheses connected with the transaction cost theory enhance the proposals to depend the choice of the South Oil Company for sourcing any activity out of it on the characteristics of the activities (asset specificity, uncertainty, frequency). The important notice, which can be taken from the statistic analysis of the variables of the resource - based theory in interpreting the different attitudes towards the outsourcing, is that the interpreting ability and the strength of the relations of the four characteristics together are better than depending on one characteristic only. The same thing is applied to the characteristics of the transaction cost theory in interpreting the different attitudes to the outsourcing.Finally, the relation value and the interpreting capacity between the characteristics of the two theories together and the outsourcing increase. This direct relation reaches to (.90) and the interpreting ability to (81%) and supports the complementary attitude between the two sources in limiting the determiners of the strategic outsourcing that this study aimed at. After surveying the findings of the statistic analysis and studying the state of outsourcing of the activity of the collective transportation, the researcher came up with the most important conclusions represented by the necessity of taking care of knowing the quantitative and qualitative determiners when we determine the activities of the outsourcing. To conclude, the researcher recommends that the costing system in the company, which is the sample of the study, should be developed because of the inadequacy in analyzing the indirect cost. The researcher also recommends that a specialized work team should be formed within the organizing framework and includes all the scientific and practical specializations in its membership, supported by the academies. The team mission should be studying the chances of the possible outsourcing.

المحاسبة عن المسئولية الاجتماعية في المصارف الاسلامية : دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من المصارف الاسلامية == Accounting On Social Responsibility In Islamic Banks An Empirical Study In Some Islamic Banks

اسم المؤلف: فضل لطف ناشر عبيدان
اسم المشرف: هاشم علي هاشم الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Islamic Banks emergence during the last quarter of the twentieth century , as an alternative Islamic solution for dealers with traditional banks. As a consequence , the processes of Islamic banks rise rapidly in the world. This lead to , the big world banks that had the deep - rooted experience , open many windows to deals with this kind of transactions.In their operations , the Islamic Banks depends on Sharia'a and economics principles. These principles impose a social objectives to achieve besides profit gaining.Many of specialists , such as , accountants , administrators and economists , tried to evaluate the performance of Islamic banks by their studies. Unfortunately , these studies focused on the financial aspects only , neglecting the importance of social role and responsibilities of these banks towards beneficiary parties. So the lack of study in this field , was the principal impulse behind of achieve of this study.Despite of the social responsibility accounting had raised and grown in the western societies, we will attempt through this study to clarify the philosophical sides for the social responsibility accounting in the Islamic thought. We will suggest a model to social responsibility accounting in Islamic banks , for measure and disclose of Islamic banks responsibilities towards different related parties. This model will taken into consideration, the special nature for Islamic banks operations , economics' and sharia'a principles which govern their works. Furthermore , the nature of the Islamic extremities which trades with Islamic banks and their needs from information , will be taken into the constructing of the model.So , the main objective of this study is to propose a model for measure and disclosure the social responsibility of Islamic banks , this aim can be achieved by the following : ? Compliance with Sharia'a.? A realize of the Social and Economic Justice.? Employees.? Customers and Creditors.? Society and Social Contributions.Out of this study , we conclude the following : 1. Possibility of measure the social responsibilities in Islamic banks by using the proposed measurement model of study.2. Possibility of disclosure the social responsibilities in Islamic banks by using the proposed disclosure model.This study consist of four chapters as follow : ? Chapter One : Methodology and the precedent studies.? Chapter Tow : Social responsibility accounting : Measurement &Disclosure.? Chapter Three : A Proposed Model for Accounting on Social Responsibility in Islamic Banks.? Chapter Four : The Practical Study.Finally we draw the important theoretical and practical conclusions from this study , and according to these conclusions we will definition of a group from the necessary recommendations.

تقويم اداء اقسام الطوارئ طبقا للمعايير العالمية : بحث في عدد من مستشفيات العراق العامة == Evaluation of Emergency Departments Performance According To The International Standards : A Research In Number of Iraqi Public Hospitals

اسم المؤلف: عقيل مسلم عاشور
اسم المشرف: سعد علي حمود عباس العنزي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف هذه البحث الى تقويم اداء اقسام الطوارئ طبقا للمعايير العالمية في عدد من مستشفيات العراق العامة, وقياس رضا المرضى عن الخدمات المقدمة بها, واما الهدف من هذا البحث فهو التعرف على مستويات اداء اقسام الطوارئ بالمستشفى, من خلال قياس الجوانب المهمة التي تش | This study aims to Evaluation of Emergency Departments Performance according to the International Standards : A research in number of Iraqi Public Hospitals, and measuring patient's satisfaction with the health care services delivered at those hospitals, where the evaluation performance is considered one of the important topics that take a great deal of officials' attention, especially decision makers in health organizations. The researcher has derived the research idea from the importance of work in emergency department in hospitals and to what it provides of medical services and quick and immediate nursing care that help in patients' life saving, and it is the mirror that reflects the real image for the hospital and the main window for the medical services that are provided in those hospitals through measuring the important aspects that the performance constitutes, and determine the direction of relationship between emergency department performance and patient's satisfaction with its delivered services, besides studying the effect between them and identifying its significance for the purposes of measuring and testing, and then contribution in constructing an evaluation system that can be utilized in developing emergency departments in Iraqi public hospitals. Based on reviewing the relevant literature, the researcher determined a set of hypotheses; of the most important ones of these hypotheses are the effect of evaluating emergency department performance in patients and clients' satisfaction, and in an attempt to test these hypotheses, the descriptive analytical method is used, where an international checklist is constructed to evaluate the performance of emergency departments in the studied Iraqi public hospitals that included (13) criteria that are divided into (360) questions, and a scale for patients' satisfaction with the health care services delivered at emergency departments in the Iraqi public hospitals and it includes (16) aspects that are divided into (60) questions. The study is conducted in the emergency departments in four public hospitals in Baghdad city that are : Imam Ali Public Hospital, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Al - Karkh Public Hospital, and Al - Kadhimiyah Teaching Hospital. Besides the checklist and the study questionnaire, three other instruments are used in the study that are medical records, real observation, and personal interview. Several statistical measures are used for data management like arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, ANOVA, Z - test, T - test for one sample, F - test for measuring the associations, and congruency tables. Based on measuring and determining the study variables, and testing association and the effect and differences among these variables, the researcher has found some important conclusions; of these are the shortage in specialist physicians, permanent physicians, rotator physicians, inadequacy of emergency specialist, and nursing staff, and that the numbers of currently available medical and nursing staffs are not appropriate to the numbers of patients and clients who visit emergency departments in the studied hospitals, besides the lack of the materials necessary in emergency departments as a whole, for their modernity and design, the furniture and their correspondence to international specifications, lack of the medical appliances and equipment where they are not qualified according to the international specification used in measurement, besides unavailability of hospital wards and beds in the studied emergency departments. The researcher suggests some recommendations like providing the adequate and appropriate numbers of health care professionals who work in emergency departments like specialists; especially emergency specialists, to be appropriate to patients and clients numbers who visit emergency departments, and the importance of developing these departments, and checking the design of high - risk areas, and if required, making the appropriate modifications, and giving attention in the process of providing the medical equipment, furniture according proper criteria, the antiseptic and disinfectant solutions, and emphasizing the cleanliness of emergency departments, and using cleaning materials properly, and managing the shortage in the beds of emergency departments.

دور الصناعات الصغيرة للنهوض بالاقتصاد العراقي == Role The Small Industrial To Rise The Iraqi Economics

اسم المؤلف: عقيل عبد الحسين عودة الطائي
اسم المشرف: اسعد جواد كاظم الانصاري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

انموذج اعادة تصميم وظيفة التدقيق الداخلي باعتماد ادارة المخاطر : دراسة تطبيقية في المديرية العامة لانتاج الطاقة الكهربائية في البصرة == A Model For Redesign Internal Audit Function By Using Risk Management Applied Study In The State Directorate For Electricity Production In Basrah

اسم المؤلف: عصام يونس عبد الزهرة
اسم المشرف: هاشم علي هاشم الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The objective of this study is to build a model for redesigning the Internal Audit Function by using Risk Management approach. The internal audit function is identified in this study through using three variables : the first one is the objective of internal auditfunction; the second one is the work plan for internal audit function; and the last one is the internal audit reports. The approach used by this study to redesign internal audit function is a risk management approach. The risk management is very important for every organization in the current environment, because the risk effect the performance of a given organization and its capacity to meet its objectives.The basic hypothesis of the study is “The using of redesign model for internal audit function based on legal and development drivers for internal audit, will increase the capacity of internal audit function in providing the information about organization risk, andhelp in accomplishing the organization objectives and increase the value added of the organization” To proof this hypothesis, this research was divided into four chapters and a conclusion. These chapters are : the methodology of the study and past research; internal audit and risk management; a model for redesigning internal audit function and field study. The main conclusion of this study is the redesigning of the internal audit function will provide valuable information for management to manage risks that prevent activities from meeting their objectives.

استراتيجية القدرة المميزة المصرفية واثرها في الاداء المصرفي : دراسة تطبيقية في مصرف الرافدين والرشيد == Distinctive Capability Based Strategy & Its Influence In Bank Performance - An Empirical Study In Al - Rafidian & Al - Rasheed Banks

اسم المؤلف: عروبة رشيد علي البدران
اسم المشرف: مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2007
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This Study aims at investigating the possibility of applying the strategy of the competitive advantage , that is based on the capabilities ( Distinctive Capability based Strategy), in Iraqi commercial banks.It also aims at measuring the performance of those banks by financial measuers & at testing how far the above - mentioned bank strategy affects the level of bank strategic financial performance.The investigation is carried out in the Iraqi banking sector;namely the tow governmental banks of Al - Rafedain & Al - Rasheed. The sample comprises 83 managers of the frist & second administrative levels.The study is built on eight hypotheses which were all tested in the banks under study.A questionnaire was used to collect data for each of the two measures.The frist questionnaire was directed to collect data to measure the components of the bank strategy i.e external banking environment , banking resources & internal banking operations ,The second is directed to collect data to measure the banking performance i.e level of financial performance & level of banking services.The questionnaire was supplemented by the method of analyzing the quantitative data that were taken from the banking archives & the fiscal accounts of the years 2000 - 2001 & 2002.The study arrives at some conclusions;the most important among which are the following : 1. The possibility of observing the impact of external environment & banking resources on the internal operations in the bank cannot be achieved ; only through identifying & analyzing the internal elements of the bank i.e bank resources , bank capabilities , bank operations , operational efficiency & activities of researching & development these elements constitute the based of the internal components of the banking strategy.2. The level of impact of the dimensions or components of banking strategy , i.e external environment , banking resources & internal operations , is different from one variable of the banking performance to the other because of the difference in the nature of each dimension in its relation to the three variables of performance. The study also introduced some recommendations related to the variables of the study which is the most important was suggested model for the (Distinctive Capability based Strategy) for the Iraqi Banks under Study, in addition to suggestions for further future researching

فاعلية السياسة النقدية ودورها في الاستقرار الاقتصادي في العراق للسنوات 1991 - 2006 == Effectiveness of Monetary Policy And Its Role In Economic Stability In Iraq For The Years (1991 - 2006)

اسم المؤلف: عدنان محمد حسن الشدود
اسم المشرف: مصطفى مهدي حسين
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

تطوير بطاقة العلامات المتوازنة لتقييم اثر تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الاداء الاستراتيجي للشركات : دراسة ميدانية في الشركة العامة لموانئ العراق == Developing Balanced Scorecard For Evaluation The Effect of Information Technology On The Strategic Performance of Company : Field Study At State Company of Iraqi Ports

اسم المؤلف: عبد الكريم عبد الغني عودة اللايذ
اسم المشرف: فاطمة جاسم محمد السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2006
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: his study aims to evaluate the effect of information technology on he strategic performance of the companies , showing its importance and strategic role on the activities of the company through one of the modern accounting means which the researcher hypothesised ( using a developed module of Balanced Scorecard of Information Technology that it has a positive effect on the strategic performance) of the business due to the erratic evaluation of information technology as per the traditionalaccounting module merging the need to evaluate information technology and put financial and non - financial measurements as per its requirements.Researcher performed field study for State Company of Iraqi Ports as a pattern of the study, extracting the financial and non - financial measurements. Also, he prepared three questionnaire forms concerned the managers, employees and clients. It is evaluated the strategic performance of the company prior to use information technology and beyond it comparing it with the best performance.The study concluded that the information technology effects positively on all business activities, the strategic role of the accounting and its trend towards the outside of the company such as customer and competitors, measuring the strategic performance as per the proposed module by the balanced scores of one measure and showing the effect of accounting information on the support or modify the company strategy.

تطوير مدخل متكامل لتخصيص التكاليف غير المباشرة في الشركات الصناعية المتعددة المنتجات : دراسة تطبيقية في الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية

اسم المؤلف: عبد الكريم عبد الرحيم علي الربيعي
اسم المشرف: هاشم علي هاشم الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

امكانية تطبيق نظام المراجعة الادارية : دراسة ميدانية في الشركات العامة للصناعات الكيمياوية في محافظة البصرة == Ability To Applicate The Managerial Review System A Field Study In The General Companies of Chemical Industries In Governorate of Basrah

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن عبد الله عبد الرحمن
اسم المشرف: مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims to shed light on the extent of ability to applicate the managerial review system, and it has performed on manager in the general companies of chemical industries in the governorate of basrah. The study built on several theories, the most important one : using the organized managerial review system in the companies' which are studied to improve there performance. The conclusion from this study is : limited knowlgement of the companies administration (which are studied) to obvious official system of the total managerial `review

الامن والتنمية : دراسة حالة العراق للمدة 1970 - 2007 == Security And Development Studing Iraq Case For The Period 1970 - 2007

اسم المؤلف: عباس علي محمد
اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The relationship between security and development is at a large degree of overlap and imbrications ,where the security plays a positive role in achieving development by creating the appropriate atmosphere to achieve its objectives. Also ,the security destructs its pillars and blocks its steps if it is not available in a required extent and format. In other hand , development plays a role in achieving security through the provision of the potential financial and material needs. In the case of the absence of this support ,thedegradation and loss are the natural results of the security.So, the security and development represent the parties of the stability and prosperity equation.This reflects the situation in Iraq where the security and development walk in opposite directions ,especially at the beginning of the eighties of the last century ,despite the change that happens in 2003 ,which led to the interaction between the two.But ,the development after the planning to go in the right direction that has emerged through the improvement of economic and social indicators during the seventies ,results in slide and fall because of thinking in security through the provision of military capabilities. Atthe same time ,the security is weekend and missed as a result of the expansion of the armed and unarmed threats.All these give the great importance to this subject and the conducting of this study.

قياس استقرارية دالة الانفاق الاستهلاك العائل في الاقتصاد السعودي للمدة 1970 - 2009 == The Stability Measurement of Function Expenditure For Household Consumption In Saudi Economy For The Period (1970 - 2009)

اسم المؤلف: طالب هاشم جبار
اسم المشرف: مصطفى مهدي حسين
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2011
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Total consumption is considered one of the main determinants in the composition of national in come. It represents the largest share of total expenditure in many countries of the world, consumption also play major vole in the economic and its growth it is, also, one of the main components of total demand, which gives it special importance, marking it a lively area for research aiming to reach scientific facts that would help the decision market to realize a vision and to set future planning of economic policies in countries of the world in, eneral and is Saudi Arabian particular. This study aims to estimate a model for household consumption in Saudi Arabia spanning the period from 1970 to 2009, through determining the variables that influence household consumption expenditure according to economic theory. The model was built using partial adjustment method and building a dynamic short term (co - integration) that takes in to account error correction in the time path towards along term equilibrium. And to avoid falling in to imprecise results , a test was conducted for the stability variable entering the model of household consumption the Saudi Arabia, using the adjusted Diekey - Fuller test and Pilliphs Pearn test, A co - integration test was also performed between the variables of the model through estimating the long run equilibrium relationship equation , and performing the second random error test using( ADF) and (PP) tests, Then dynamic short term model was built that was based on error correction (ECM).

العوامل المؤثرة في سلوك تمهيد الدخل : دراسة في عينة من المصارف الاهلية في العراق == Factors Influencing Behavior of Income Smoothing A Study In A Sample of Iraqi Private Banks

اسم المؤلف: طارق توفيق يوسف العبد الله
اسم المشرف: فاطمة جاسم محمد السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study aims at demonstrating the importance of Income Smoothing behavior and internal and external factors, in addition to giving an insight about the most important studies, which dealt with this topic from all its aspects. The study was conducted on a sample of Iraqi private joint - stock banks in terms of whether or not these banks tend to the application of smoothing, as well as the influence of these factors on these banks.The study depended upon a set of hypotheses and reached to findings, the most important of them are the tendency of the study sample to practice smoothing behavior, and the great influence of internal and external factors on the research sample.It has beenclear that the internal factors have more influence than external ones, in varying degrees; in that the size factor has the greatest effect among other factors.The study presented a number of specific recommendations

مديونية العراق الخارجية : الواقع والاثار للمدة 1980 - 2006 == The External Debts of Iraq, The Status And The Effects, For The Period 1980 - 2006

اسم المؤلف: ضيدان طويرش هاشم المالكي
اسم المشرف: جليل شيعان ضمد البيضاني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The external debts are described as a shape of the external funds. The objective justification for that is the gap between the external and internal resources which belong to the historical roots of the early stages for the relationships among the countries of the excessive capital and the countries of deficit. This has been changed into a real debts crisis in the beginning of the eighties decade. of course this has been happened when the debts countries announced that they couldn’t paid those debts.The debts crisis belongs to many reasons some of those reasons are internal and others are external. In Iraq the crisis of debts belong to a mixture of external and internal reasons. Some of those debts were used to cover the war expenditures which some of them were because of the decline of the oil revenues in eighties. of course, this led to a decrease in the economic activities and inflation. Therefore this has been led to a deep economic impact according to the reflection of the debt volume and service of it on the economic and non - economic growth and development.Among these impacts is what would be resulted and resulted from the policy of coming out of this crisis across the international foundations which have the final judgment on the economic factors.All these thoughts would be studies taking into consideration the following hypothesis “the external debts help to attain the economic development”.This hypothesis could be tested by three chapters. The first deals with external funds discussing this chapter theoretically. The second one will discuss the status of the external debts in Iraq, while the third is going to deal with how to deal and solve the effects of the debts on Iraq. Finally, there are some suggestions and conclusions.

تحليل الفجوة التكنولوجية في بيئة اقتصاد المعرفة : بيئات الاسكوا ESCWA واليورو EURO حالة دراسية == The Technology Gap Analysis In Knowledge Based - Economy (ESCWA & EURO Environments Is A Case Study)

اسم المؤلف: صالح مهدي صاحي البرهان
اسم المشرف: اسعد جواد كاظم الانصاري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان البحث يتمحور حول ابعاد الاقتصاد النوعي عبر تحليل الفجوة التكنولوجية في بيئة اقتصاد المعرفة, بالتركيز على بيئات بلدان منطقتي الاسكوا واليورو كحالة دراسية تطبيقية، مستهدفا محاولة بناء منظور تكنو - اقتصادي جديد يدعم هيكل نظرية الاقتصاد التكنولوجي قيد ال | This research focuses the technology gap analysis in knowledge - based economy. ESCWA and EURO countries are a case study. The main objectives of this research are to build techno - economic perspective, approaching estimation of technological gap, provides paradigm enhancing confidence of decision makers with importance of technological factor for economic development. As well as, this research provides strategic vision is aimed bridging the technology gap between ESCWA and EURO regions during the period of the last twenty years ago. The importance research reflects technological crises factors, development of science and technology indicators is expected to provide policy - makers with abroad information base to assist national development. In addition, building a new perspectives and alternative options. The problem of research is the technology gap as complex and multi - dimension affected package of environmental factors such as economic, technological, political and social. This research based on a particular assumption is the technology gap in knowledge - based economy reflection international technological division of labor between innovated and cited environments, as well as the know - how is the function of education, research and development, innovation, and information and communication technologies. The research depends on meso - approach is including the interaction among deduction and induction logic, micro and macro analysis, positive and normative analysis, in addition benchmarking approach. The structure of research consist of five chapters discuss a conceptual framework, theoretical implications, technology gap perspectives and formatting of technological indicators as well as empirical evidence for estimating the technology gap between ESCWA and EURO countries.This research has conclusion to reflect the theoretical implications and empirical evidence outcomes with related two regions. As well as the research adoption package of recommendations for supporting suggested strategic framework which discuses the role of government, private sector, universities, research centers, civil society institutions and United Nations Agencies.

صناعة الغاز الطبيعي في العراق : الواقع وافاق المستقبل == Natural Gas Industry In Iraq The Fact And Future Horizons

اسم المؤلف: شكر محمود جاسم
اسم المشرف: عباس جبار الشرع
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2004
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Natural gas is considered one of the main sources of the power in the world as it is used in many fields. It becomes a strong competitor for crude oil. In Iraq , Natural gas is used as a source of power or raw material in different industries such as petrochemicals , steel and iron , Azotic Fertilizers , Construction, etc.Also, it is used in generating electric power and used in house and facilities and services as fuel. Iraq has a giant prudential quantities of natural gas 3159 million cubic meters in 2002..Its production and consumption is low and improper with these giant prudential quantities. In spite of the importance of natural gas as a sources of power, but it is burnt a great quantity of it without utilizing it yearly as to that most of natural gas in Iraq is of the associated gas with crud oil and it could not be controlled producing natural gas. Iraq has just liquid petroleum gas ( LPG ) could be utilized directly and discarded other quantities due to the absence of the specialized factories which can be utilized it as it represented by Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) Factory..This research study the methods and horizons of the optimist utilizing from Iraqi Natural Gas and the ability of utilizing from the experiences of some Arab countries in this field which realize good result such as Algeria which has long experience in this field and Qatar of the recent extremely experience. Also, this study discusses the actual fact of natural gas industry in Iraq and developing the prudential, production and consumption for the period from 1970 to 2002..

دور تدفق راس المال الاجنبي المباشر في تمويل المشروعات الصناعية في دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي == The Role of Direct Foreign Capital Flows To Finance The Industrial Projects In GCC

اسم المؤلف: سهام غالي حمود الدراجي
اسم المشرف: عباس جبار الشرع
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The industrial movement in the Arab countries suffered from great challenges. In front of these challenges is the existence of capitals to establish the industrial projects. The reasons behind this is the weakness of the public savings. So, because of the important role that the direct foreign capitals flows in the economic universal systems and increasing of its flows due to be considered as one of the important resource of finaucing the industrial development in the advanced countries and developing ones. Flows of Direct foreign capital became the important solution to cure the problem of financing the industrial projects. Therefore the GCC try. their best to get benefits from the movement of capitals, in order to get suitable revenues for their capitals which are invested in auother countries abroad. Also, these countries saw a great reception for the flows of foreign capitals, in order to establish many industrial projects and give a great push for their Development. GCC tried hardly to attract the foreign capitals by facilitating procedures and restrictions and make the informations very easy to get for the foreign investors. That, is in order to get advanced technology and new production methods besides, the technical managerial skills. Therefore the study depends on a hypothesis which said;"As long as the industrial projects in need of great capitals, there fore the flows of the Direct foreign capitals will perform the positive role in financing the industrial movement in the GCC. To test this hype thesis the study comes into three chapter trying to show the ways of attracting the foreign capitals in that countries and finally there are the suggestions and conclusions.

فاعلية الانفاق الحكومي في تحقيق الاستقرار الاقتصادي في العراق للمدة 1991 - 2006 == Effectiveness of The Governmntal Expenditure In Attainig The Economic Stabilization In Iraq For The Period 1991 - 2006

اسم المؤلف: سكنة جهية فرج
اسم المشرف: يوسف علي عبد الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:

واقع وافاق الاستثمار في صناعة تكرير النفط في العراق == Reality And Prospects of Investment In The Oil Refining Industry In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: سجاد صادق الهيد
اسم المشرف: اسعد جواد كاظم الانصاري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2011
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Oil industry is considered as one of strategic industries in the world because oil is the main source of word economy. It's importance to increase in developing countries such as Iraq. Iraq has a great oil resource of a bout 115 Billion barrel. This industry contributes in a great rate in the Iraqi economy.Oil industries are divided into several stages beginning from exploring and ending in refining and distribution. Oil refining industry has a special importance because it represent a join between crude oil and oil products and because if the additional value it adds to the Iraq economy. For these reasons , this research focuses on this industry by explaining it's stages , importance and it's real situation in Iraq from 1998 to 2008. It also focuses on the methods of reviving this industry by activating investment in this field. The researcher presented his views by concentrating on private sector and the mutual investments and supporting some supporting industries that support refining oil such as "gas to liquids ( GTL )". The research has three chapters. The first studies the concepts of oil industry in general and oil refining industry in particular, in addition to concepts of investment. The second studies the real situation of oil refining industry in Iraq during the period of study. The third presents the author's anticipation to revive this industry. The research ended with some conclusions and recommendations.

تحليل البيانات الثنائية لدراسة العوامل المؤثرة في حدوث التشوهات الولادية في مستشفى البصرة للنسائية والاطفال == Analysis of Binary Data : A Study of Factors Affecting Birthdefects In Basrah Hospital For Maternity & Children

اسم المؤلف: ساهر حسين زين الثعلبي
اسم المشرف: زهرة حسن عباس التميمي | عبد الكريم حسين صبر الجاروري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحصاء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Basrah can be considered as a city that has been suffering form pollution more than any other city in the world of today. This is due to the successive wars it has undergone, the waste of the petroleum, gas, and petrochemical factories leave behind as well as the electric power generating firms this city contains. Furthermore, the location of Basrah by the sea has made the city liable to have epidemics, diseases, and birth defect. The phenomenon of distorted births is but the focus of this thesis.The researcher draws the attention of those undertaking direct or indirect responsibility so as to arrive at appropriate basic solutions. This study is an attempt at pinpointing the factors that directly or indirectly lead to the distorted births in Iraq in general, and in the city of Basrah in particular. Statistics is in order. The hypothesis of this study is that radiation may be the most serious cause of birth distortion. To verify this very hypothesis, the city of Basrah is chosen as the population and The Basrah Hospital for Maternity and children as the sample that covers the files or reports of the new - born babies during the period January - April, 2007. This sample is called " sample A". This is on the one hand. On the other hand, a special form is developed by the researcher and it is this form that forms "Sample B".Since the data collected is of a binary or dichotomous type, it is concerned with whether there is some birth distortion or not. That is why the dependable variable is referred to by 1 or 0 respectively. This type of variable is often indicated to by responding with ither "Yes", if there birth distortion; or "No" hen there is no birth distortion in medicine research. Statistically speaking, the SPSS ready - made program has been applied to data. This program has been used in social sciences and medicine research with high accuracy. The present research worker has applied a logistic model or pattern so as to study the factors that influence the occurrence of birth distortion. Among the results arrived at by the researcher is the residence of the parents Thisresult confirms the hypothesis that states that the regions exposed to the uranium radiation plays an important role in spreading birth distortion. Relatives have also proved to be influential and this is what is referred to as the hereditary or genetics variable. Finally, Rh factor is very effective in this respect. For this reason, the researcher supports all the calls for the authorities of both the public and private sectors at regional national and international levels urging them to do all they can to save the society catastrophic errors

تحليل مقومات ادارة المعرفة علاقتها بالابداع : دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من منتسبي الشركتين العامة للصناعات البتروكيمياوية وصناعة الاسمدة

اسم المؤلف: زين العابدين جاسم محمد السالم
اسم المشرف: مسلم علاوي شبلي السعد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2005
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Knowledge management is a new organization concept, which recently has been commonly used ,and which is concerned with organizing and providing intellectual resources for a modern organizati0n through the adoption of management for applications andmechanisms that in courage innovation and , preference of competitive advantage , cost reduction , and quality improvement for the purpose of increasing the ability of organization to survive and grow in to days world.The study aims analyzing knowledge management , exploring its basic components & the relations among them , and reflection of this on the level innovation in the two sample companies.The study was conducted at tow companies : state companies for Petrochemical Industry , and Fertilizers Industry. A sample of ( 40 ) persons in each company were selected for the study purpose ,including ( top management , departments of R& D and trainingdepartments , in addition to distinct persons ( technicians and administrative personal ).For the purpose of data collection , a questionnaire of ( 12 ) ma in and minor variables was developed. The study was based on tow main hypotheses relating to correlation coefficient and variance.The study has arrived at a set of conclusions , the most important of which is the high interest and benefit by the subjects of study in knowledge management requisites , especially knowledge product , organizational culture leadership, human resources evelopment in enhancing innovation

اهمية ومتطلبات الاصلاح المصرفي في التنمية مع اشارة خاصة للعراق == The Importance of Requirements of Banking Reform In Development With Special Indication To Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زياد جواد لفتة الفيصل
اسم المشرف: جليل شيعان ضمد البيضاني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study shed a light on the relationship between reformation process and economic development and the consequences that affects the potential affects on economical development process through the main role of banking sector in providing the necessaryfinancial finance for investment operations in its different types whether production or service with special consideration to Iraq where this research titled (The importance of Requirements of Banking Reform in Development with special indication to Iraq)has emerged, so, the research deals with the study of the relationship of banking reforms and its potential affects on the development thorough the factor of Banking finance.The problem of the research represented by the fact that many countries including Iraq did not reach to the stability even to the organizational and framework levels in spite the fact that most of developing countries have early start of banking activitiesparticularly Iraq. The nature of Iraqi economy makes the banking activities can not keep up with the development of political and economical events and unable to meet the needs of economical development that we seek.The hypothesis of the research includes the activation of the role of banking system which depends on banking reforms which should overcome the forms and instruments of conventional works followed by Iraqi banking system, the we can reach the possibilityof promote the banking reality which can serve the economical development in this country in very best way.As for the methodology of the research, the research divided into three chapters, the first one deals with some economical relationships and concepts related to banking reform, and the second chapter deals with the role of some International economical andfinancial institutions in economical and banking reforms, and the third chapter dealt with Iraqi matter as for the economical and banking reforms and their role in transforming the economical developments.The result of the research comp up with the fact that the hypothesis of the research could not be achieved because the all banking reforms did not come up with positive results which can greatly affect the funding transformation and on the country accordingly.

الامكانيات والانتاج النباتي في محافظة البصرة للمدة 1990 - 2006 واجراءات تنميتهما في المستقبل == The Potentials And The Agricultural Production In Basrah During (1990 - 2006) And Its Developing Procedures In Future

اسم المؤلف: زاهد قاسم بدن الساعدي
اسم المشرف: عبد الرزاق يوسف نصر الله
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The agricultural sector is regarded one of the important productive sector in the developing and powerful countries. Its importance lies in the fact that agriculture is the main source of food stuff and it is One of the important sources to get incomes and jobs for a large proportion the population. There is a strong mutual relationship between industry and agriculture which provide raw material for Together with this is a domestic manufactures. large rate of the domestic industrial production lonsued by rural people.The agricultural sector is regarded a source for getting foreign currencies through exporting the spare agricultural goods abroad The agricultural sector in Iraq is characterized by the availability of land , water and human resources.Land resources ; it mean the total areas of land that are good for cultivation agriculture and to be used as a productive resource in the economic activity , the total area reaches ( 181,6) million of which (48) million are good for planting , this indicates the widepotentials of the vertical and horizontal expansion in agriculture in case all the appropriate and objective procedures are taken. As for mater resources which are rain and river water , then comes the lender ground water.As for Basrah , it has big agricultural potentials as good for planting areas reach (950,000) , besides water is available via Tigris and Euphrates as well as marshes water in Al - Huwaiza, ALHammar , mid - marshes and shatt - el - Arab , Also, the underground waters in AL - Zubair , Safuan, AL - Birjissiya and other areas in the province are available. There are large numbers of agricultural workers, and markets that are capable of consuming and exporting products in and out of the country.But it actually provide of agricultural crops for other provinces and abroad of the present , which indicates the presence of a drawback and shortage in manipulating these resources and potentials , consequently , this thesis sheds light on the available agriculture potentials in Basrah and the achieved production during ( 1990 - 2006 ) and the procedures taken to develop this reality in future.This thesis aims to determine and show the real available potentials for agricultural development and for increasing the efficiency of using the natural resources of the agricultural production in Basrah, it also aims to focus on the agricultural development crisis inBasrah and to make the agricultural sector an incentive power for the economic growth and defying challenges.This thesis adopt , the following hypothesis : The agricultural sector in Basrah suffers from negligence and weakness of the economic efficiency in manipulating the available agricultural potentials , which weakens it form covering the needs of the domestic in Basrah regarding food stuff during (1990 - 2006). To prove or disprove this hypothesis , this study has been divided in to four ehapters , the first chapter deals with the roles the agricultural sector in the Iraqi economy , this is done through four sections. The first section shows the roles the agricultural sector in making the total domestic production , the second is concerned with the above role in manipulating workers , whereas the third section explains the roles the agricultural sector in achieving the food security.The last one is concerned with studying this role in the foreign trade, The second chapter gives an analysis and a study of the agricultural resources and potentials in Basrah through three sections The first section deals with the agrarian lands and water resourcesin Basrah ,the second studies the working lands and the domestic markets regarding offers and demands in the province. the last section is concerned with studying the financial sources or the sources of provision Basrah agriculture during the study yearsThe third chapter deals with studying the agricultural production of some crops which Basrah produces during the study years. The first section studies dates production in the region of shatt - el - Arab the two regions of south Tigris and the marshes, the second dealswith studding to make crops and some vegetables in the western region. The last section studies wheat production in the two regions of south Tigris and the marshes. The study concludes with suggestions and conclusions by the researcher, the researcher deals with the analysis of the plant side in Basrah due to the shortage of data, information of the animal side and the stoppage of all station of breeding animals in Basrah as they were looted and destroyed. The researcher depends on two groups of sources , the first are the theoretical sources such as periodicals and theses ,etc.the second sources are field visits done by the researcher. these visits are to the formal of concern to the agricultural sector offices in Basrah. The aim of these visits is to get the necessary data and information to accomplish this study, also ,there are personal interviews with some of the agrarian officials, farmers and land owners by distributing forms to get enough information to be used as required
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