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التقدير الطيفي لبعض المركبات الفينولية ذوات الاهمية الصيدلانية == Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Phenolic Compounds of Pharmaceutical Importance

Author name: زينب طالب عبد الكاظم السلطاني
Supervisor name: قاسم حسن كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن الفصل الاول مقدمة عن تفاعلات الازوتة والازدواج واهميتها وتطبيقاتها في تقدير المستحضرات الصيدلانية، وتضمن ايضا عرضا لبعض الاستخدامات الطبية والصيدلانية للمركبات الفينولية الدوائية المدروسة واستعراضا موجزا للطرائق التحليلية المستخدمة في تقدير المرك | The first chapter included a common introduction on diazotization coupling reaction and their applications to the determination of pharmaceutical preparations. It also included a display of some of its pharmaceutical and medical uses. The chapter also demonstrates a brief review for the analytical methods that have been used for the determination of thymol, Sodium salicylate and Resorcinol in pharmaceutical preparations.The second chapter comprises to describe a simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of thymol in aqueous solution, based on the coupling of thymol with diazotized 4 - bromo aniline in strong alkaline medium to produce an intense yellow colored ,water - soluble and stable Azo - dye which exhibits maximum absorption at 464nm. Beer’s law was obeyed between 0.6 - 7.2 µg.ml - 1, with a molar absorptivity of 3.0284×104 l.mol - 1.cm - 1,average recovery was 100.002%, and RSD was 0.796%, the LOD was 0.04?g.ml - 1 and LOQ was 0.1333?g.ml - 1. The method has been applied successfully for the determination of thymol in pharmaceutical preparations (mouthwashes) and the analytical results were compatible with certified value of pharmaceutical preparations and with a standard method. Moreover, the accuracy and validity of the method was evaluated against a standard method using F and t - tests. It was found that experimental F and t values at 95% confidence level did not exceed the critical values indicating that the present proposed methods have a good accuracy and validity. The third chapter demonstrates the development of simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of microgram amounts of Sodium salicylate in some of its pharmaceutical preparations based on the coupling and Azo reaction to form an intense shine - yellow, water - soluble dye based on the coupling of Sodium salicylate with diazotized p - amino benzoic acid reagent in strong alkaline medium The dye formed has a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 452 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed between 2 - 30 µg.ml - 1, with a molar absorptivity of 8.5013×103 l.mol - 1.cm - 1, the LOD was 0.06?g.ml - 1 and LOQ was 0.213?g.ml - 1. The method had a good accuracy and precision, since the recovery was 99.702% and the RSD was 0.854%.. The method has been applied successfully in some pharmaceutical preparations including salicylic acid (topical solution). The analytical results agreed well with British pharmacopia method. Moreover, the accuracy and validity of this method were evaluated against pharmacopoeia method using F and t - tests. It was found that experimental F and t values at 95 % confidence level did not exceed the theoretical values indicating that the present method have good accuracy and validity. The fourth chapter comprises the description of a sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of resorcinol by diazotization reaction using a diazotized 4 - methoxy aniline reagent in strong alkaline medium, to form brown water - soluble colored dye. Which exhibits maximum absorption at 448 nm. The linear range was between 0.4 - 4.4 µg.ml - 1, with a molar absorptivity of 2.7844×104 l.mol - 1.cm - 1, average recovery of 101.017%, RSD was 1.02%, LOD was 0.019 µg.ml - 1 and LOQ was 0.065 µg.ml - 1. By the application of the proposed method on the some pure types resorcinol, it was found that the results agreed well with British pharmacopeia method. Moreover, the accuracy and validity of this method were evaluated against pharmacopoeia method using F andt - tests. It was found that experimental F and t values at 95 % confidence level did not exceed the theoretical values indicating that the present method have good accuracy and validity.

تحضير ودراسة بايوكيميائية للادوية المصاحبة الاسترية الحاوية على دواء الاسبرين او الايبوبروفين == Synthesis And Biochemical Study of Ester Prodrugs Containing Aspirin Or Ibuprofen

Author name: نوري محمد عزيز فياض الجبوري
Supervisor name: فراس شوقي عبد الرزاق | اياد سعدي حميد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الاسبرين والايبوبروفين من الحوامض الاريلية المستخدمة كادوية مضادة للالتهابات غير استيرويدية (NSAID) ولغرض التقليل من التاثيرات الجانبية السلبية للاسبرين والايبوبروفين من خلال ازالة التاثير السام لمجاميع الكاربوكسيل الحرة المرتبطة بهما، هدفت الدراسة ا | Aspirin and ibuprofen are aryl acids of (NSAID) with good analgesic , anti - inflammatory. For reducing the gastrointestinal toxicity accociated with Aspirin and Ibuprofen therefor the present work is aimed to synthesized a novel ester prodrugs of these two drugs, 1,2 : 5,6 - Di - O - isopropylidine - ? - D - glucofuranose is used a carrier alcohol for attachment of non - steroidal anti - inflammatory Drugs (Aspirin and Ibuprofen ).This work was accomplished according to the following steps.1 - Aspirin and Ibuprofen acid chlorides(1,2) were prepared through the reaction of the corresponding acid with thionyl chloride.2 - 1,2 : 5,6 - Di - O - isopropylidine - ? - D - glucofuranose is afforded by reaction D - Glucose with acetone and Lewis acid catalyst.3 - Esterification reaction of 3 - OH group in compound [AA] with compounds (1) and (2) yielded the corresponding Aspirin ester and Ibuprofen ester prodrugs [AB] and [AC].4 - Deacetonation of Compound [AB]. Using 70% acetic acid afforded Compound [AD].5 - The purity of the compounds synthesized was established by (TLC) and column chromatography.While the structures of their mutual prodrug was confirmed by (FTIR, H1NMR,C13NMR) and the result obtained given good evidence for structures proposed to their compounds.6 - Using through the study 36 rabbit, proximate in the weight and divided in to six groups. First group (six rabbit) control group did not have any dose, second group have (DMSO) dose ,third group have the Aspirin dose, fourth group have the Ibuprofen dose , Fifth group have the compound (AD) and sixth group have the compound (AC), After two hours withdrawal sample of blood from each rabbit, separated the serum to use in the biochemical study to the parameter at the following : The measured parameters include : enzymes activity (Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) , Acid phosphatase, creatinkinase (MB) , Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) , Gloutamate - pyrovate transaminase (GPT) , Glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) , cholinesterase , peroxidase) , and measured concentration of (Glutathione , malonldialdehdy ,creatinine , albumin , total protein , globulin , uric acid ) and some element’s (Mg ,Fe ,Cu ,Zn). Statistical data analysis revealed signification increase in the levels of creatinkinase activity (147.130±16.176) U/I،(157.785 ±21.590)U/I)، 146.995 ±29.314) U/I by effect Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. and alkaline phosphatase (121.933±13.061) U/I، (129.158±17.052)U/I by effect compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession.And Gloutamate - pyrovate transaminase (30.521 ± 6.365)U/I، (31.387 ± 3.005)U/I،(26.863±7.470)U/I، (22.973±6.052)U/I by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. And Glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase (72.731 ± 5.533) U/I، (75.366 ± 5.032)U/I، (77.560 ± 6.681)U/I by effect Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. and peroxidase enzyme(26.433±7.722) U/I، (29.500±3.555)U/I، 31.150 ±4.932)U/I by effect Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. And signification increase in the concentration of glutathione (4.897 ±0.448) µmol/L، (4.957 ± 0.501)µmol/L، (4.771 ± 0.366)µmol/L by effect Ibuprofen (D) , compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. And signification increase in the concentration of malonldialdehyde(11.507±1.841) µmol/L،(12.744±2.275)µmol/L، (14.240±2.861)µmol/L، (14.409 ±1.712)µmol/L by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. And signification increase in the concentration of creatinine (138.847 ± 16.116)µmol/L، (153.021 ± 14.307) µmol/L، (162.466 ± 19.269) µmol/L and (156.074±19.99) µmol/L by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession. And signification increase in the concentration of uric acid (108.994 ± 17.347) µmol/L، (90.972 ± 17.567) µmol/L، (101.322±18.090) µmol/L، (101.990±22.918)µmol/L by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession (All compared with the serum levels of the control group.The study also showed a signification decrease in level of cholinesterase activity (3140.43±295.54) U/I، (2964.57±351.77)U/I، (2708.40 ±348.29)U/I، (2748.90±464.21)U/I by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession.The study also showed a signification increase in level of Total protein by effect compound (AD) ,(AC) (64.821±3.116)g/Land (64.228±5.733)g/La succession.Results had also confirmed a presence of signification increase in the concentration of Mg (0.953±0.147) mmol/L by effect compound (AC). and signification increase in the concentration of Cu (23.964±2.043) µmol/L، (24.740±1.449)µmol/L، (25.367±1.656) µmol/L، 25.003±2.008) µmol/L by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession, compared with the serum levels of the control group. The study also showed a signification decrease in concentration of Zn (13.810±0.904) µmol/L،(16.112 ± 1.565) µmol/L،(12.025 ± 1.306) µmol/L، 11.654 ± 2.194) µmol/L by effect Aspirin (C) ,Ibuprofen (D), compound (AD), compound (AC) a succession, compared with the serum levels of the control group.The study also showed non - signification decrease in the activity of Lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase. and non - signification increase in the levels Albumin , Globulin and Iron. And no effect on the level Mg. compared with the serum levels of the control group.7 - To ensure the release of parent drugs (Aspirin, Ibuprofen) a hydrolytic studies of the ester prodrugs [AD],[AC] were done at different pH [ 2 , 4 , 10 ,12 ] and at constant temperature (25 C0) ,The results should that the hydrolysis at basic pH were faster than acidic pH then it mean that the most hydrolysis will obtain at intestine not at stomach.

تقدير الكميات الضئيلة من الخارصين (II) والنحاس (II) والنيكل (II) باستعمال الكاشف الجديد انتي بايرايل ازو (2,7) - نفثالين دايول بالطرق الطيفية == Determination of Trace Amounts of Zinc (II) , Copper (II) And Nickel (II) Using New Reagent of Antipyriyl Azo(2,7) - Naphthalindiol By Spectrophotometric Methods

Author name: مسار علي عواد عناد الزيادي
Supervisor name: حسين جاسم محمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذه الدراسة تفاعل الكاشف المحضر الجديد 1 - ('4 - انتي بايرايل ا?زو ) 2,7 - نفثالين دايول(1 - APANDOL) مع (11) ايون فلزي مع استحداث طريقة طيفية لتقدير كل من ايونات الخارصين (II) ,والنحاس (II) ,والنيكل (II) بهذا الكاشف اذ كان الطول الموجي للامتصاص الا | The research includes primary study of the reaction of 1 - ( '4 - anti pyriyl azo) 2,7 - naphthalindiol (1 - APANDOL) with (11) metal ions ,and development of Spectrophtometric method for the determination of Zinc (II) ,Copper (II) and Nickel (II)with this reagent. The wavelength of maximum absorption for the reagent was found at (453) nm and for the complexes formed between these ion with this reagent was found at (492,499,514) nm for Zinc (II), Copper(II) and Nickel (II), respectively in aqueous medium ,also the optimum conditions for the reaction of these ion with the reagent were employed ,such as the volume of reagent solution ,time ,temperature, order of addition and effectives of pH, The calibration curves of these complexes were constructed ,Beer,s law was obeyed in the range of (0.1 - 2.5) ppm for zinc (II) with a correlation coefficient of ( r =0.9976) and molar absorptivity( ? =1.3x104) L.mol - 1.cm - 1 and sandell sensitivity was (0.0049) ?g.cm - 2. For copper (II) the rang was (0.1 - 2.5) ppm with a correlation coefficient of (r =0.9979) molar absorptivity (? =1.9x104) L.mol - 1.cm - 1, and sandell sensitivity was (0.0032) ?g.cm - 2 , as for nickel (II), the range was (0.1 - 2.0) ppm with acorrlation coefficient (r =0.9962) and molar absorptivity (? =2.0x104) L.mol - 1.cm - 1 and sandell sensitivity was ( 0.0029) ?g.cm - 2 The stoichiometry of the formed soluble complexes among Zinc (II), Copper (II) and Nickel (II) with reagent was investigated by both the continuous variations method and mole ratio method ,the ratio (M : L) was (1 : 2) for complexes at pH(8,8 and 9) respectively.The stability constant (Kst) for the complexes were equal to (Kst = (Kst =0.29 x108L.mol - 1) (Kst =1.6 x1010L.mol - 1) and (0.128 x108L.mol - 1) for Zinc ,Copper and Nickel respectively. Precision and accuracy of the analytical procedure were showed for (0.5) ppm of Zinc(II) , Copper(II) and Nickel (II) that R.S.D% was equal to (1.41 , 0.77 and 0.63 %) and Erel % was found to be (0.53% ,0.65% and 0.95%) for these ions , respectively. the analytical procedure were showed for (1.0) ppm of Zinc(II), Copper(II) and Nickel (II) that R.S.D% was equal to (0.58, 0.36 and 0.4 %) and Erel % was found to be (0.28%,0.30% and 0.99%) for these ions , respectively.The interference of metal ions in the presence of related ions was determined , as well as masking of these ions by suitable masking agents was studied. The physical properties of precipitants were studied through the establishment of melting point, solubility and molar conductivity as well as the measurement of infrared spectra ,with the suggestion of structural formula of the formed complexes with the reagent (1 - APANDOL). The method was applied for the determination of the content of Zinc(II), Copper (II) and Nickel (II), in tea leaves.. Finally ,The biological activity of these complexes was tested with two types of bacteria.

دراسة طيفية وثرموديناميكية لعدد من معقدات انتقال الشحنة المشتقة من تفاعل 3 - ميثوكسي - 4 - هيدروكسي بنزلديهايد وعدد من الامينات الاروماتية مع عدد من المستقبلات الالكترونية == Spectral And Thermodynamic Studies For A Number of Charge Transfer Complexes Derived From The Reaction of 3 - Methoxy - 4 - Hydroxy Benzaldehyde And Number of Aromatic Amine With A Number of Electron Acceptors

Author name: اماني اياد حسين علي
Supervisor name: عبد الرحمن خضير عبد الحسين الطائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: الجزء الاول : وفيه تم تحضير تسعة من قواعد شف المشتقة من 3 - ميثوكسي - 4 هيدروكسي بنزلديهايد وعدد من الامينات الاروماتية متمثلة بالانيلين والانيلين المعوض ب ( 2 - هيدروكسي، 4 - هيدروكسي، 2 - امينو، 4 - امينو، 2 - كربوكسي، 4 - كربوكسي، 2 - نيترو، 4 | This work divided into three parts which is dealt with study of charge transfer complexes. Nine Schiff bases used in this work were prepared by mixing (1 : 1) mole 3 - methoxy 4 - hydroxy benzyldehyde and the corresponding aromatic amines (aniline ,2_hydroxy aniline , 4_hydroxy aniline , 2_amino aniline , 4_amino aniline ,2_carboxy aniline , 4_carboxy aniline , 2_nitro aniline , 4_nitro aniline).The electronic spectra in absolute ethanol solvent were used to study the intermolecular charge - transfer complexes between the considered Schiff bases as charge donor and five charge accepter molecules.Three of them are non - acidic acceptors such as (dinitro benzene DNB , Trinitro benzene TNB and Iodine I2 ) , another two are weak - acidic acceptors (Trinitro phenol TNP and p - nitro phenol p - NP ).The equilibrium constant of the CT complexes have been calculated by applying the Benesi - Hildebrands equation for (1x10 - 4 : 1x10 - 5 M) Schiff base : Acceptors concentration ratio. The equilibrium constants for complexes formation which are ranging between (1250 - 3000 mol - 1. dm3) with Iodine, (800 - 6000 mol - 1. dm3) with dinitro benzene, (833 - 4500 mol - 1. dm3 ) with trinitro benzene, (1000 - 5555 mol - 1. dm3 ) with para nitro phenol, (1000 - 6250 mol - 1. dm3) with Trinitro phenol ,The extinction coefficients have been determined were (3333 - 25000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with Iodine, (3333 - 25000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with DNB, (1111 - 20000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with TNB, (1111 - 20000 L. mol - 1.cm - 1) with p - NP , (2000 - 33333 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with TNP.The ionization potential (Ip) of these bases also have been determined and are (6.02 - 8.90 e.V) with Iodine ,(11.6 - 14.15 e.V ) with Dinitro benzene (8.10 - 9.20 e.V) with trinitro benzene , (8.57 - 9.64 e.V) with Para nitro phenol ,(6.26 - 8.15 e.V) with Trinitro phenol for the Schiff base association constant , It way noticed that the values of all the physical parameters of CTC and Schiff bases are affected by the substituted group due to the increases or decreases in the stability of the carbonium ion character of the azomethane.The another part of this work deals with study of the effect of temperature on the value of equilibrium constant KCT in the range (298 - 318)0k for charge - transfer complex formations in addition the values of ?H , ?G0 and ?S0 of the CT complexes were calculated from the dependence of KCT upon the temperature , The negative values of the enthalpy which proves that the formation of CTC are exothermic and could occur spontaneously.Finally , the third part of this work deals with studying the kinetic of formation and decomposition of the CTC in ethanol.The results indicated , the more stable CTC decomposes slower whatever was the nature of the acceptors , and the rate constant for formations and decompositions followed first order.

تطوير طرائق طيفية لتقدير السلفاميثوكسازول والسلفاديازين باستخدام تفاعل الاقتران الازوتي == Development of Spectrophotometric Method For The Determination of Sulphamethoxazole And Sulphadiazine Using Diazotization Coupling

Author name: امل حسين محيميد حسين
Supervisor name: سعدية احمد ظاهر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت هذه الرسالة على ثلاثة فصول : يتضمن الفصل الاول استعراضا موجزا لاملاح الديازونيوم والكاشف الثايمول واهمية ادوية السلفا فضلا عن بعض الطرائق الحديثة في تقدير ادوية السلفا والهدف من اجراء البحث.واشتمل الفصل الثاني على وصف طريقة طيفية بسيطة وحساسة | his thesis consists of three chapters : - the first chapter includes a short notes on the diazonium salt and thymol reagent demonstrates a brief review for, an assay of sulpha drugs and aim of the work.The second chapter describe a simple sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of microgram amounts of sulphamethoxazole in aqueous solution, based on the coupling of diazotized sulphamethoxazole with thymol reagent in alkaline medium to produce an intense yellow coloured ,water - soluble and stable azo - dye which exhibits maximum absorption at 473 nm. The determination limits of Beer’s law were 1 - 6 µg.ml - 1, with a molar absorptivity 2.1 × 104 l.mol - 1.cm - 1. The average recovery was 100.12 %, and RSD 0.492 %, the LOD is 0.0087 ?g.ml - 1 and LOQ is 0.029 ?g.ml - 1. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of sulphamethoxazole in pharmaceutical preparations where the analytical results are compatible with certified value of pharmaceutical preparations and with a standard addition procedure.The third chapter demonstrates the development of simple sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of microgram amounts 1 - 7 µg.ml - 1 of sulphadiazine , based on the formation of diazotized sulphadiazine by adding sodium nitrite in acidic medium; followed by removing the excess of nitrite by sulphamic acid, the formed diazotized sulphadiazine was then coupled with thymol in strong alkaline medium to get a yellow coloured azo dye. The produced dye is stable and soluble in aqueous medium and it has maximum absorption at a wave length of 469 nm. The molar absorptivity was 2.6 × 104 l.mol - 1.cm - 1 with LOD and LOQ 0.0077 and 0.025µg.ml - 1 respectively. The method had good accuracy and precision; The average recovery was 100.57 % and RSD 0.657 %. The method was applied on the pharmaceutical preparation of sulphadiazine (as cream), the analytical results were in agreement with certified value of pharmaceutical preparation and with a standard addition procedure.

تحضير وتشخيص ليكاندات ازو جديدة ومعقداتها ودراسة تطبيقاتها الصناعية والبكتيرية == Synthesis And Characterization of New Azo Ligands And Their Complexes And Studying Their Industrial And Bacteriological Application

Author name: زينب سلمان كاظم
Supervisor name: عامر جبار جراد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن هذه الدراسة تحضير ثلاثة ليكاندات ازو جديدة (L3 - L1) ارتكزت جميعها على 2،4 - ثنائي مثيل فينول، تمتلك الصيغ التركيبية الاتية : - شخصت الليكاندات المحضرة باستخدام (FTIR, UV - Vis, 1HNMR) والتحليل الكمي الدقيق للعناصرC.H.N) )، فضلا عن درجات الانصهار. | Three new azo compounds (ligands) L1 - L3 have been prepared all rest on the 2,4 - dimethylphenol as a back - bone of the prepared ligands having the following structures.The prepared ligands were characterized by melting points measurements, IR, 1HNMR and UV - Vis spectra and (C.H.N) analysis. The other part of this project refer to the synthesis of complexes of the ions Ni(II) and Cu(II) with all prepared ligands.All preparation was performed after fixing the ideal pH and molar concentration that obeyed Lambert - Beer’s law in the studied pH ranges. The structure of these complexes was deduced according to the molar ratio and Job methods depending on the spectroscopic studies of the complex solution of the above ions. However, ration of 1 : 2 M : L for all ions were obtained.The prepared complexes were characterized using IR and Uv - Vis spectra conductivity magnetic susceptibility and melting points measurements. The percentage of the metals in the complexes has been found by flameless atomic absorption technique. Micro elemental analysis (C.H.N.) were also measured, the results are in agreement with the calculated values. All the complexes are quite stable and could be stored for months without any appreciable change. According to the results obtained by elemental and spectral analysis, an octahedral structure was suggested for the prepared complexes with the ligand (L1) and mixed ligands (L1,L3)while tetrahedral for the all prepared complexes with the ligand (L2) and ligand (L3).In addition the dyeing performance of the prepared compounds was assessed. The dyes were tested for light and detergent fastness. Study of biological activities of the prepared compounds has also been performed. The study was carried out using Escherichia Coli, Staphylococcus aurous and Bacillus cereus in agar medium. Some of the complexes exhibit good bacterial activities.

تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمة لفصل واغناء المغنيسيوم (II) والخارصين (II) والنيكل (II) على هيئة ايونات سالبة وتقديرها طيفيا في نماذج بيئية وحياتية مختلفة == Cloud Point Extraction Method For Separation And Preconcentration of Mg 2+,Zn 2+,Ni 2+as Anions And Their Spectrophotometric Determination In Environmental And Vital Samples

Author name: اباء عدنان عزوز المحنه
Supervisor name: شوكت كاظم جواد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: قد استعملت تقنية CPEعلى مدى واسع من التطبيقات في اغناء وفصل واستخلاص العديد من المركبات البايلوجية والدوائية والمركبات العضوية والعديد من الايونات الفلزية على هيئة معقدات سالبة اوموجبة في محاليلها المائية.وتعد من التقنيات المهمة والسهلة والرخيصة والصديقة | Cloud point extraction CPE methodology is wide spread used for applications to separation or Preconcentration and extraction of many medic mental or biological compounds as well as organic compounds and several metal ions as negative or positive and neutral complexes for aqueous solutions, as well as this method considers an easy, cheap and important technique and one application of green chemistry with high sensitivity which isn’t use organic solvents. This study is an application for CPE methodology for extraction, separation and preconcentration of magnesium (II), zinc (II) and nickel (II) from aqueous solutions as anions coupled with spectrophotometric method for determination these metals in different vital and environmental samples. And the major thought of this study is to change the metal ion to anion complex in aqueous solutions, and then extracted as ion pair association complexes after combination with large suitable complexing agent and using surfactant as additional phase to extract ion pair association complexes formed and in this study surfactant TritonX - 100 was used. This study include extraction of Mg (II) as anion complex with Oxine [Mg (OX3) - ] after combination Mg2+with Oxine produced from 8 - hydroxy qunoline in basic solution NaOH, afterward formed ion pair association complex with Rhodamin - B.The first step in this study is the definition (?max ) for ion pair association complex formed and extracted spectrophotometricaly. The study show ?max was 648 nm according to mechanism below : Mg2+ + 3 OX - Mg (OX) 3 - Rhb+; Cl - + Mg (OX) 3 - [Rhb+; Mg (OX) 3 - ] + Cl Cloud point extraction CPE method is one of indirect method of extraction to submit to thermodynamic equilibria which is control extraction method.This study demonstrate (50µg/10 mL) giving best extraction with higher activity as well as this method need 0.08 M 8 - HQ for extraction, as well as 0.5 M NaOH to produce Oxine from 8 - HQ as well as need 1×10 - 4 M Rhodamine - B for favorable activity of extraction. Extraction of zinc (II) according to CPE method, by using PANN as new complexing agent prepared in this study to produce ion pair association complex in HCl media after change Zn2+ to ZnCl3 - , ZnCl4= , spectrophotometricaly show ?max = 414 nm for ion pair association complex formed and extracted. According to equilibria below : PANN + 2 HCl [2H - PANN] 2+; 2Cl - PANN + HCl HPANN+; Cl - Zn2+ +3 HCl - ZnCl3 - + 3H+ Zn2+ + 4 HCl ZnCl4= or HZnCl4 - + 3H+ or 4H+ HPANN+; Cl - + ZnCl3 - HPANN+; ZnCl3 - + Cl - HPANN+; Cl - + HZnCl4 - HPANN+; HZnCl4 - + Cl - [2H - PANN] 2+; 2Cl - +ZnCl4= [2H - PANN] 2+; ZnCl4= +2Cl - Hydrochloric acid HCl media play a major rule for change metal cation Zn2+ into anion complex ZnCl3 - or ZnCl4= , then study demonstrate 1M was optimum concentration of HCl giving higher activity of extraction Zn2+ with (20µg/10 mL). Extraction of nickel (II) according to CPE method by used DB18C6 with mechanism of extraction below : Ni2+ + 3H+Cl - NiCl3 - + 3H+ Ni2+ + 4 H+Cl - NiCl4=+ 4H+ Na+Cl - + DB18C6 [NaDB18C6] +; Cl - [NaDB18C6]+; Cl - + NiCl3 - [NaDB18C6] +; NiCl3 - + Cl - [NaDB18C6]+; Cl - + HNiCl4 - [NaDB18C6] +; HNiCl4 - + Cl - Higher activity of extraction was by use of 0.5 M HCl, 0.25 M NaCl, Ni2+ (50µg/10 mL) as well 1×10 - 4 M DB18C6. With study the effect of crown ethers and cryptand kinds. Which include thermodynamic and applications for spectrophotometric determination of these metals in different samples.

تحضير وتشخيص انواع جديدة من الاطيان الهجينة بطريقة ادخال ايونات المعادن باستخدام اطيان السمكتايت العراقية == Preparation And Characterization of Anew Hybrid Clays By Intercalaion With Metal Ions Using Iraqi - Smectite Clays

Author name: فرات لطيف يحيى شريف
Supervisor name: محمد حسن عبد اللطيف
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The aim of this study is to prepare two types of hybrid Iraqi Clays, which have been magnetic Properties by using the mothed of Intercalation.In this study, we have used two types of Iraqi clays (Bentonite and Attapulgite) with a saturated solution of ferrous chloride aqueous (FeCl2.4H2O) , ferric chloride aqueous (FeCl3.6H2O) and Super Magnet solution (Nd2 Fe14 B), the clays activate firstly by using the way of the ionic exchange with industrial Ionic exchanger on the formula (H - Form) , then we intercalate different percentage of iron ions and Super Magnet to that clays.They have used different analytical techniques in this study which include : Magnetic Susceptibility ,Infrared spectroscopy , X - ray diffraction spectrum and Scanning Electron microscopy. the results were have obtained as follows : 1 - The activation process has led to removal the impurities and thus led to increase of the proportion each of Montmorillonite and Attapulgite metal.2 - Magnetic Susceptibility of Initiated Clays are higher than the Magnetic Susceptibility of crude clays.3 - Magnetic Susceptibility increases due to intercalate two types of iron ions, as well as intercalated Super Magnet and has models depended in Table (3 - 2) as the higher models of Magnetic Susceptibility with bentonite clay and models in Table (3 - 13) are higher models of Magnetic Susceptibility with Attapulgite clay, 'the model number (1) is the highest Magnetic Susceptibility models of Super Magnet with clay bentonite, either Attapulgite clay has increased Magnetic Susceptibility by using all ratios in Table (3 - 27).4 - Infrared spectrum has showed appearance of clear peaks back to Hematite and Magnetite which have two types of iron oxides, which own magnetic properties and the peaks have notpresented in the spectrum of the raw clay for each of bentonite and Attapulgite as well as appearance of new peak back to hydroxide neodymium at intercalated the Super Magnet.5 - Powder X - ray diffraction spectrum has Showed an increasing in the intensity of each of the Montmorillonite and Attapulgite metal after activation process' After intercalation process we note a decrease in the intensity of Montmorillonite and Attapulgite metal because of the entry of different ratios of iron ions As well as (Nd2 Fe14 B) This is evidence formation of hybrid clays where the X - ray spectrum showed appearance of new peaks back to Hematite , Magnetite and Super Magnet, as well as an increase in the intensity peaks of Hematite in the original clay.6 - Scanning Electron microscopy image has shown on a clear change in the crystalline structures that have appeared on the surface of clay which show the success of intercalation process.Through the results we have obtained through this study that the method used in Activation of clay and intercalation of two type of iron as well as a Super Magnet is a successful method and can be depended in the preparation of Clays possess magnetic qualities can be used in high - efficiency adsorption and ion exchange applications.

طريقة مطورة لتقدير عقاري هيدروكلوريد البايريدوكسين واللايسينوبريل ببناء اقطاب بوليمرية انتقائية غشائية وبالطرائق الطيفية == Development Method For Determination of Pyridoxine Hydrochloride And Lisinopril Dihydrate Drugs By Construction of Selective Membrane Polymer Electrodes And Spectrophotometric Methods

Author name: فدعم متعب عبدون حمد الجبوري
Supervisor name: سهام توفيق امين
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: This study includes the determination of Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (PYR) and Lisinopril dihydrate (LIS) drugs by using Potentiometric and Spectrophotometric Analytical Methods.First : Potentiometric Methods : This method includes construction of membrane selective electrodes based on complexation of drugs with Phosphomolybdic acid (PM) and Phosphotungestic acid (PT) as an active materials and using Di - Butylphthalate (DBP) and Tri butyl phosphate (TBP) as a plasticizers , polyvinylchloride was used as a matrix for this electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1. For electrode PYR - PM using DBP as a plasticizer, the results were : 10 - 5 - 10 - 1, 52.4 mV/decade ,0.9969 , 2.37 x 10 - 7 M, 2.8 - 3.0 at 27oC for linear range, slope , correlation coefficient , limit of detection, optimum pH range respectively using internal filling solution of 10 - 3 M. The life time of the electrode was 23 days. 2. For electrode PYR - PT using DBP as a plasticizer, the results were : 10 - 5 - 10 - 1, 57.2 mV/decade ,0.9991 , 5.24 x 10 - 7 M, 2.5 - 2.7 at 25oC for linear range, slope , correlation coefficient , limit of detection, optimum pH range respectively using internal filling solution of 10 - 3 M. The life time of the electrode was 19 days.3. For electrode LIS - PM using DBP as a plasticizer, the results were : 10 - 5 - 10 - 1, 32.0 mV/decade ,0.9970 , 2.1 x 10 - 7 M, 3.6 - 3.9 at 27oC for linear range, slope , correlation coefficient , limit of detection, optimum pH range respectively using internal filling solution of 10 - 3 M. The life time of the electrode was 35 days.4. For electrode LIS - PM using TBP as a plasticizer, the results were : 10 - 5 - 10 - 1, 28.175 mV/decade ,0.9985 , 1.16 x 10 - 7 M, 3.2 - 3.5 at 25oC for linear range, slope , correlation coefficient , limit of detection, optimum pH range respectively using internal filling solution of 10 - 3 M. The life time of the electrode was 28 days.Second : Spectrophotometric Methods : 1. Oxidative Coupling : The drug PYR determined by oxidative with 1.8 ml of 0.1M Sodium periodate and 1.6 ml of the reagent 4AAP 0.05M , the absorption of the colored product is measured at 528 nm , for the range of concentration from 2.0 - 30 ?g.ml - 1.The molar absorptivity was 6126.88 l.mole - 1.cm - 1 and Sandel index 0.03356 ?g.cm - 2.2. Diazocoupling : The drug LIS determined by dizocoupling reaction , the drug react with excess nitrite in an acdic medium to produce the corresponding diazonium salt.After the removal of residual nitrate with sulphamic acid, the diazonium salt is coupled with the reagent 4AAP in basic medium to produce aso - dye an intense orange colored which exhibits maximum absorption at 453nm. Beer's law is obeyed over range from 40 - 320 ?g.ml - 1 with molar absorptivity was 1.0596×103 l.mole - 1.cm - 1 and Sandel index 0.416?g.cm - 2.

تحضير بعض بوليمرات قواعد شف ودراسة التشويب والتوصيلية الكهربائية لها == Synthesis And Characterization of Some Poly Schiff Base And Study Their Doping And Electrical Conductivity

Author name: عمار فراس ابراهيم الدليمي
Supervisor name: عماد طه بكر التكريتي | علي طه علي السامرائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: يتناول البحث تحضير المونومير ثنائي الامين (M1) الناتج من تفاعل 4 - امينو اسيتو فينون مع التيرفثالدهايد بطريقة تحضير الجالكونات وكذلك تحضير سبع بوليمرات من نوع بولي قواعد شف اذ استعمل ثنائي الامين (M1) في تحضير البوليمر (I) من خلال عملية تكاثف مع التيرفثال | This research handles preparation of seven polymers of poly Schiff bases , and The di amin (M1) has been prepared from reaction of 4 - amino acetophenone with terphthaldehyde by Chalcons preparing method , where terphthaldehyde was used to prepare ( VI , V , VII ) polymers through condensation with di amines { 2,6 - di amino pyridine , 4 - amino phenyl sulfone , di amino malono nitrile } , also phtaldehyde was used to prepare ( VII , IV ) polymers by condensation with di amines ( 2,6 - diamino pyridine , 4 - amino phenyl sulfone ) , and isophthaldehyde was used in preparation of polymer (III) by condensation with { 2,6 - di amino pyridine } and below is the structure of the prepared di amine (M1). All polymers have been characterized by FT - IR technique , and some of them were characterized by CHN and 1H - NMR , Pellets preparing of all polymers where prepared with thickness range (0.97 - 0.75) with range pressure (1000 - 2000) Kg\cm2 , and then a Volume Electric doped Conductivity has been measured for the samples in their pure and doped state by using different dopants (Iodine , Ferric chloride , Zinc chloride , and p - toluene sulphonic acid) , with different mole percentage , and also The Iodine doping was carried out by vaporization tecnique , electrical conductivity of polymers have been found in pure state (fist polymer to seven polymer) as follows : ( 1.19 - 11 , 1.22E - 11 , 2,76E - 11 , 3.00E - 11 , 2.28 E - 11, 2.33E - 10 , 8.00E - 11 ) the highest value for conductivity was for polymer ( VI ) which reached 2.33E - 10 , while the highest conductivity for the doped polymers was by using dopant iodine and reach to 9.66E - 6. the effect of changing the substitution benzene and the effect of dopants on increasing conductivity of polymers where the most effective factors for increasing the conductivity.

تحضير مشتق جديد للبايروزولون ازو واستعماله في تقدير الكميات الضئيلة لبعض الايونات الفلزية بالطرائق الطيفية == Preparation of New Pyrozolone Azo Derivative And Use It For Micro Determination of Some Metal Ions By Spectrophotometric Methods

Author name: شيماء حسن ملاح
Supervisor name: حسين جاسم محمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن البحث تحضير الكاشف الجديد 3 - (?4 - انتي بايرايل ازو) - 1 - نايتروزو - 2 - نفثول واجراء دراسة اولية مع (9) ايون فلزي واستحداث طريقة طيفية لتقدير كل من النحاس (II) والكوبلت (II) بهذا الكاشف في الوسط المائي، اذ كان الطول الموجي الاعظم للكاشف (374) نان | The research includes primary study of the reaction of 3 - (4? - Antipyriyl azo) - 1 - Nitroso - 2 - naphthol (APANN) with (9) metal ions and spectrophotometric method for the determination of copper (II) and Cobalt (II) ions with this reagent. The wavelength of maximum absorption (?max) for the reagent is (374) nm and for complexes formed between these ions with this reagent was found at (430.5) nm and (432) nm for both copper (II) and Cobalt (II( respectively in aqueous medium, also the optimum conditions for the reaction of these ions with the reagent were employed ,such as the volume of reagent solution, time, temperature, type of buffer, order of addition and effect of pH, calibration curves of these complexes were constructed. Beer's law was obeyed in the range (0.1 - 2.5) ppm of copper with a correlation coefficient (R2= 0.9971) and molar absorptivity ? = 1.83 × 104 L.mole - 1.cm - 1 and Sandell sensitivity was (0.00349) ?g.cm2 - , as for Cobalt, the range was (0.1 - 2.5) ppm with a correlation coefficient (R2= 0.9965) and molar absorptivity ? = ) 3.3×104 ( L.mol - 1.cm - 1 ,and Sandell sensitivity was (0.0018)µg.cm - 2. The stoichiometry of the formed soluble complexes between copper (II) and Cobalt(II) with reagent was investigated by both the continuous variations method and mole ratio method, the ratio (M : L) was (1 : 2) for Copper complex and Cobalt complex at pH (8.5) for both complexes. The stability constant (Ksta) for the complexes of copper (II) and Cobalt (II( was equal to (8.237 ×108 L.mol - 1) and (1× 108 L.mol - 1) respectively. Precision and accuracy of the analytical procedure were showed for (0.5) ppm of Cu (II) and Co (II) that R.S.D.% was equal to (0.97), (0.73) , (Erel, Re)% (0.6, 99.4)%, (0.4, 99.6)% for these ions, respectively. The analytical procedure were showed for (1) ppm of Cu (II) and Co (II) R.S.D.% was equal to (0.41,0.60) , (Erel, Re)% (0.3, 99.7)%,(0.2, 99.8)% for these ions respectively. The interference of metal ions in the presence of related ions was determined, as well as, masking of these ions by suitable masking agents was studied. The study of effect of three kinds of surfactants on the absorptions of the complexes and calculation of stability constants and treatment of the results statistically and make comparison with aqueous medium were done. The physical properties of precipitants were studied through the establishment of melting point, solubility and molar conductivity as well as the measurement of infrared spectra , and C.H.N, with the suggestion of structural formula of the formed complexes with the reagent (APANN). The method was applied for the determination of the content of copper (II) in tea leaves samples and Cobalt (II) in raw caw milk samples. Finally ,The biological activity of these complexes was tested with four types of bacteria.

تاثير بعض الادوية على بعض الانزيمات الناقلة لدى مرضى السكري النوع الثاني في محافظة بابل == Study Effect of Some Drugs On Some Transfer Enzymes In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 In Babylon Province

Author name: زينب غالب عبد الكريم الجبوري
Supervisor name: عودة مزعل ياسر الزاملي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: شملت الدراسة 100 مريضا بداء السكري من النوع الثاني )غير المعتمد على الانسولين( NIDDM، تراوحت اعمارهم بين ) 53 - 35 ( سنة وتم الحصول على النماذج من المرضى المراجعين الى مركز السكري في مدينة مرجان الطبية في محافظة بابل - العراق، بالاضافة الى 35 شخص ا اصحاء | This study involved 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2, with average of age between (35 - 63) years old. The patients were enrolled in the Diabetes Center in Merjan Medical City, in Babylon Province, Iraq at February 2014 to August 2014. In addition to 50 healthy persons who represent control group, and their age between (35 - 55) years old.The patients were divided into three groups as followingFirst : (28 patients were treated with Metformin (Glucophage) drug).Second : (30 patients were treated with Daonil (Glibeneclamide) drug).Third : (42 patients were treated with Metformin and Daonil).In addition to 50 healthy persons who are selected as control group (without chronic diseases or diabetic and without smoking).The Diabetes Mellitus type 2 was characterized as in WHO criteria which including that all patients in this study, (the patients who are not suffering from hypertension, the asthma, smoking, alcoholism and without using any other drugs over the essential diabetes drugs except that of (Metformin and Daonil) are dismissed in this study). Serum and whole blood were used to estimate the levels of fasting blood glucose, urea, creatinine, proteins, cholesterol, tri glyceride, fatty proteins (HDL - c, LDL - c and VLDL - c) and liver enzymes (ALT, AST and GGT) in the serum, HbA1c was detected in the whole blood. MDA and Glutathione in the erythrocytes. In this study, It was found that there are significant and insignificant differences for each of variables related to Diabetes for different types of drugs. Also, the glutathione S - transferase GST was purified from red blood cells (RBC) of control group by ionic exchange chromatography by means of DEAE Cellulose. After that, the electrophoresis of resulted enzyme was made to assess the molecular weight by using of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate - Poly Acrylamide Gel2Electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE). The same process was done by using NAITIVIN apparatus to separate the enzyme quantified, and the resulted enzyme from NAITIVIN was treated with the drugs taken by patients. After that, the activity of GST enzyme was measured to show the different drugs effect upon the GST enzyme activity. For the purified enzyme activity after treating it with drugs was 3.62 , 3.57, 3.66 ?mol / min / ml , for each of Metformin, Daonil, and Metformin & Daonil respectively, while the activity of GST purified enzyme without treating with drugs was 3.24 ?mol / min / ml.Through this study, it has been noticed that there is an increasing of enzyme activity after purifying and mixing it with drugs, and this increasing results from the drugs effect upon GST activity, for the enzyme use to transform these poisons (drugs) and resulted compounds outside the body.

تحضير وتشخيص بوليمرات جديدة مقاومة لللهب ودراسة خواصها الحرارية == Synthesis And Characterization of New Flame Retardant Polymers And Study Their Thermal Properties

Author name: محمود عودة مطشر
Supervisor name: محمد علي مطر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تستخدم البولي ايميدات الاروماتية على نطاق واسع في الصناعة لما لها من خصائص ممتازة في الثبات الحراري, الصلابة العالية ومقاومة اللهب, وهي واحدة من البوليمرات التجارية القوية جدا والعالية الاداء ولها استخدامات وتطبيقات واسعة في التكنلوجيا المتقدمة ,وتضمنت ال | Aromatic polyimides have been widely used in industry because of their excellent properties in thermal stability, high hardness and flame resistance. The present work involved preparation of new diamine monomers ( ABBB, ABAB, ABTB, ABDB, BPP, BCP, BDBP) containing (bromine, chlorine, phosphorus) as flame retardants and introducing them in reaction with different dianhydrides including )PMDA, BTDA, 6FDA) producing new aromatic polyimides (P1 - P7), as follows : - 1. preparation of aromatic diamine monomers containing bromine (ABAB and ABBB), and then introduced in reaction with dianhydride (PMDA) by solution polycondensation producing polymers (P1 and P2) respectively.2. preparation of aromatic diamine monomers which containing elemental (chlorine and bromine), a (ABDB, ABTB) and then reaction with dianhydride (BTDA and PMDA) respectively by solution polycondensation producing polymers (P3 and P4). 3. Preparation of aromatic diamine monomers which containing elemental phosphorus, (BDBP, BCP, BPP) and then their reaction with dianhydride (BTDA, 6FDA, BTDA) by solution polycondensation producing polymers (P5, P6, P7).The prepared monomers and polymers were characterized by (FT - IR and 1HNMR Spectra). The thermal stability of these aromatic polyimides were investigated by means of thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) in a argon atmosphere and at a heating rate of 10°C/min at 800°C and by comparing them with aromatic polyimides (PIPM, PIBT, PI6F) empty elements flame retardant, where proven polymers (P1 - P7) stability of heat is very high, where temperatures were at loss (50%) by weight (T50%) more than (800oC) while the aromatic polyimides (PIPM, PIBT, PI6F) ranging between (492 - 582oC), and the percentage of remaining at a temperature of 800 o C for polymers( P1 - P7) ranging between (59 - 71%) on reverse polymers (PIPM, PIBT, PI6F), the percentage of remaining range (20 - 42%) , has been proven polymers (P1 - P7) high resistance to flame through the rate ratios (Char yield%) at a temperature of 500 o C where it was ranging between (86 - 99%), while for polymers (PIPM, PIBT, PI6F) ranging between (48 - 56%) at the same degree. and has been studying and evaluating the solubility of polymers prepared where appearance polymers (P1 - P7) solubility is very high, especially in solvents (polar aprotic) and because the process of modification in its chemical composition, where the presence of groups hydroxide and flexible ether linkages averse polymers (PIPM, PIBT, PI6F), which showed a lower solubility.

تخليق قواعد شف جديدة مشتقة من انهدريد البايرومليتك == Synthesis ,Antibacterial of Some Novel Schiff Bases Derived From Pyromellitic Dianhydride

Author name: عذراء محمد سلوم
Supervisor name: امينة عبد الرحمن فياض | عماد تقي علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم تخليق قواعد جديده مشتقة من انهدريد ثنائي البايرومليتك بعدة خطوات. حيث حضرت مشتقات حامض البايرومليتك المتناظره a­c[ I ] من تفاعل انهدريد ثنائي البايرومليتك مع بعض الامينا ت الاورماتية الحاويه على (مجاميع ساحبه واخرى دافعة ) في الاسيتون كمذيب. واشتملت | The novel Schiff bases derived from pyromellitic dianhydride were synthesized by several steps reaction. A symmetrical diamic acide [I ]a - c was synthesized by the reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride with some aromatic amines (containing electron withdrawing , repulling groups ) in dry acetone.In the second step the diacids were converted to their corresponding diimide [II ]a - c using acetic anhydride and sodium acetate system as a dehydrating agent, via the intramolecular cyclization steps of amic acids.The third step was to synthesis the hydrazone derivatives from the reaction of diimides , with 80 % hydrazine hydrate at (50 - 60)C?.These hydrazone derivatives were allowed to react with several aromatic aldehydes to form new Schiff bases via step four at a temperature near by (80 - 85)C?. As shown in the following scheme (3.1). All the novel compounds and their structures have been ascertained by their melting points , mixed melting points , C.H. N analysis , FTIR , UV - Viss. and 1HNMR spectroscopy for some of them. Also the biological activity of some of them was studied which showed that these compounds have different activities towards the studied bacteria.

تحضير وتشخيص الليكاند 7 - ]2 - (بنزاميدازوليل) ازو [ - 8 - هيدروكسي كوينولين مع بعض ايونات العناصر الانتقالية ودراستها ضوئيا == Preparation And Identification of Ligand 7 - [2 - (Benz Imidazolyl)Azo] - 8 - Hydroxy Quinoline (BIAHQ) And With Some of Transition Elements Ions And Photo Study

Author name: سؤدد عبد الباقر جابر
Supervisor name: حسن عباس حبيب | خالد جواد العادلي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: لقد تضمنت هذه الرسالة تحضير نوع جديد من ليكاندات الازو العضوية غير المتجانسة حلقيا الحاوية على مجموعة ازو واحـدة وهو الليكاند 7 - ]2 - (بنزاميدازوليل ازو[ - 8 - هيدروكسي كوينولين(BIAHQ).وقد تم تشخيص هذا الليكاند بوساطة طيف الكتلة وبروتون طيف الرنين الن | This research included prepare a new ligand of azo organic heterocyclic ring containing one azo group which ligand 7 - [2 - (Benzimidazolyl azo) - 8 - hydroxy quinoline] (BIAHQ). Has been identification this ligand by mass spectrometry , proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra ,infrared and UV - visible as well as analysis of the elements(C,H,N), included the preparation of four complexes of ligand (BIAHQ) with metal ions Co 2+ , Ni 2+,Cu 2+ and Zn2+ also studied the spectra of infrared spectra of the complexes prepared, and when compared with the spectra of the free ligand gave the obvious changes have shown these spectra a new peaks were not already present in the spectra ligand This is due to corrdenation between the metal ions under study with the atoms donor nitrogen group azo and nitrogen atom imidazole ring (N3) in the molecule of ligand, suffered with other peakes obvious changes in the shape, intensity and location, and an indication of this process for corrdenation between the metal ions under study and ligand, also studied the spectra of UV - visible, as well as a rigorous analysis of the elements (C,H,N) has been shown by the results agreat compatibility between the ratios calculated theoretically and practically of acquired. Through the results that have been reached suggested formulas compositional complexes showing through which that ligand azo imidazole mono - azo behave as ligand Triplalt coordenat through a nitrogen atom imidazole ring (N3),nitrogen group azo away from the ring heterogeneous and Oxygen of hydroxy quinoline group, which leads to the formation of complexes hexagonal symmetry. Studied the kinetics of photochemical dissociation of these complexes claw through irradiation solution single - wavelength light 365=? nm issued by the mercury lamp low pressure and at a temperature of 25 ?c and show that the interaction of dislocation is first order for all complexes. Was calculated photolysis rate constant kd mediated follow spectral changes during the process of irradiation. For access to the optimum conditions for the dissolution of these complexes have been studying the impact of several factors on the behavior of photochemical included : study the effect of the change in the intensity of light on the rate of disintegration and found that the increas in the intensity of the incident light increased the rate of disintegration of the complexes , as well as the study of the disintegration of the complexes in the temperature range 30 - 15?c found it increasing the temperature increases rate of disintegration. Values were calculated activation energy for all complexes , also studied the effect of the acidic function within the range of 9.3 and found that the rate of the disintegration of the four complexes increases with increasing pH solution. It was the study of the effect of the solvent polarity on the rate of disintegration using solvents ( methanol , ethanol,1 - butanol and isopropanol ) and found that the higher the rate of the disintegration of the complexes have been achieved in methanol , while lower rate was in isopropanol.Also thermal stability studied for ligand and complexes were submitted to thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) activation thermodynamic data are calculated and determainTg ,Tc , Tm and Td.

تحضير ودراسة طيفية وامتزاز لمعقدات بعض ايونات العناصر الانتقالية لليكندات المشتقة == Synthesis Spectroscopic And Adsorption Studies of Some Ions Transition Metal Complexes For Ligands Derived From Sulfamethoxazole And Its Mixed Ligands

Author name: فرح علي داود
Supervisor name: ساهرة صادق عبد الرزاق | احمد ثابت نعمان
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الهدف من الدراسة هو تحضير وتشخيص ليكاند ثنائي السن : - [4 - (5,5 - dimethyl - 3 - oxocyclohex - 1 - enylamino) - N - (5 - methylisoxazol - 3 - yl)benzene sulfonamide]من تفاعل السلفاميثوكسازول مع الدايميدون لينتج الليكاند [H2L] باستخدام طريقة الصهر ا | The aim of the study is the preparation and characterization of bidentate Ligand [4 - (5,5 - dimethyl - 3 - oxocyclohex - 1 - enylamino) - N - (5 - methylisoxazol - 3 - yl) benzene sulfonamide]. The ligand was prepared by fusing sulfamethoxazole and dimedone at (170) ?C for half hour. The prepared ligand was characterized by FTIR,UV - Vis spectroscopy, H1,C3 - NMR spectra, mass spectra, molar conductivity measurement and melting point. The molecular structure for the ligand [H2L] which was proposed as drawn in the figure below : - Ligand [H2L]The complexes prepared using reflux in ethanol as solvent were two types namely : - 1 - Complexes of (1 : 1) mole ratio formula [M(H2L)(H2O)2]Cl22 - Complexes of (1 : 1 : 1) mole ratio formula [M(H2L)(HA)] in the presence of KOH as a base, Where : - M(II) = (Co ,Ni ,Cu) HA= 3 - amino phenol. Spectroscopic methods (FT - IR, UV - Vis spectroscopy) along with (A.A), chloride content and melting point were carried out in addition to molar conductance were done for the characterization of all complexes.The proposed tetrahedral geometry around the metal ions studied were concluded from these measurements. [M(H2L)(H2O)2]Cl2 [M(H2L)(HA)]Molar ratio method were used to determine M to L ratio at maximum wave length (?max=455nm ).The ratio were (1 : 1) mole for both complexes (1) and (4). Bentonite clay was used as adsorbent surface to gather with complexes (1) and (4). The adsorption time investigated was between (15 - 120) min at (25)°C as constant concentration for complexes being (70) mg/L for complex (1) and (50) mg/L for Complex (4) and mesh 75))?m. The results revered that the time needed to reach concentration equilibrium in the were 60 to 75 min for complex (1) and (4). during studying isotherm adsorption for the two complexes on bentonite surface, the results revealed that the trend of the adsorption isotherm was (L1) type according to Giles classification , which means that the adsorbent distributed horizontally on the bentonite surface to from a single adsorption layer type langmire.The adsorption phenomenon was studied at different temperatures (10, 25, 37.5, and 50) oC. The results of the adsorption for both complexes on bentonite surface were showed an increase with increasing temperature (endothermic process). Thermodynamic functions (?Ho, ?Go, and ?So) were calculated and the results were discussed. Generally, the increase in the pH of solution was showed an increase in quantity of both complexes that adsorbed on bentonite clay surface at a certain temperature. The study proved that an increase of adsorbent weight may be enhanced the adsorption process of both complexes. Moreover, the particle size of clay surfaces has an influence on the adsorption process showing an increase in adsorption quantity as the particle size decreased.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مشتقات الملئيمات الجديدة الحاوية على حلقات 2 - بايرازولين وبايرمدين - 2 - اون / ثايون ودراسة فعاليتها البايولوجية ثم بلمرتها ذايا او مع بعض معوضات الفاينيل == Preparation And Identification Some New Maleimide Derivatives Containing 2 - Pyrazoline And Pyrimidin - 2 - One/Thione Rings And Study of Biological Activity Then Homopolymerization Or With Some Substituted Vinyl

Author name: غزوان حسن عبد الوهاب الصميدعي
Supervisor name: احمد شهاب حمد الجنابي | خالد مطني محمد الجنابي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: ترتبط بعض الامراض النفسية مثل مرض الاكتئاب الشديد والفصام بتغيرات مناعية حتى ولو كان الشخص سليم من الناحية الجسمية. على الرغم من ان هذين المرضين لايعتبران حاليا من الامراض المناعية الاساسية لكن توجد ادلة تقترح كون الالتهاب يلعب دورا في عملية الاصابة بالاك | Psychiatric illnesses, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia, are associated with inflammatory processes even in individuals who are otherwise physically healthy. While it is unlikely that MDD and schizophrenia are a primary inflammatory disorder, evidence suggesting that inflammation plays a subtle role in the pathophysiology of MDD and schizophrenia has been obtained. Several studies have shown that proinflammatory markers have increased in these disorders. However, these studies have included patients with obvious inflammation, i.e., patients with C - reactive protein >6 mg/L. A comprehensive study concluding that these conditions are inflammatory disorders and inflammation is due only to these two disorders have not been performed. In the present study, the inflammatory natures of MDD and schizophrenia were investigated. To achieve this goal, serum levels of the interleukins - 6 (IL - 6) and interleukins - 18 (IL - 18), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF?), and soluble interleukin - 2 receptor (sIL - 2R) in MDD and schizophrenia were obtained and compared with those of the control group. The total serum and ionized levels of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the studied groups were then measured.Significant increases (p < 0.05) in the serum levels of IL - 6, IL - 18, TNF?, and sIL - 2R in the MDD and schizophrenic groups were observed in comparison with those of the control group. In general, the schizophrenic group showed higher levels of inflammatory markers than the MDD and control groups. These results indicate a clear inflammatory state in both disorders. The schizophrenic patients exhibited significant changes in the ratios of T. Ca/Mg and I. Ca/Mg in comparison with those of the healthy and MDD patients; this finding reveals that T. Ca/Mg and I. Ca/Mg ratios are better indicators of cation state than serum cation levels alone.Basing on the results of the present study, we concluded that the immunological responses of the MDD and schizophrenia are significantly stimulated. These conditions may be considered inflammatory disorders because of increased pro - and inflammatory factors in both disorders.Anti - inflammatory drugs may be potentially used as an adjuvant aid in treating schizophrenia and MDD. Future studies may involve investigating other proinflammatory markers and following up results of treated patients that utilized and did not utilize anti - inflammatory drugs.

تقدير السلينيوم بالطرق الطيفية في نماذج حياتية وبيئية == Estimation of Se By Spectrophotometric Method In Vital And Environmental Samples

Author name: داليا عبد الامير احمد
Supervisor name: صادق جعفر باقر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: يعد مرض السكري من الامراض المزمنة الواسعة الانتشار في العالم، ومن المشاكل الصحية الرئيسية في معظم دول العالم يضم هذا المرض مجموعة من الاضطرابات الايضية المختلفة (كاربوهيدرات، بروتينات، دهون )، اهمها ارتفاع مزمن في مستوى سكر الدم، حيث ان لتحلل الكلوكوز ف | Diabetes is a chronic disease widespread in the world and lt is amajor health problem. It is agroup of metabolic disorderd including carbohydrates , proteins and lipids. It is considerded as chronic high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). The glycolytic pathway in the cells play an important role to produce the serine which is formed by turning the phosphoglycerate in a series of steps. Serine is behaved as a donor of methyl group catalyzed by serine hydroxyl methyl transferase to produce homocysteine in a series of steps using vitamine B12 and tetrahydro folate (folate cycle) to control the lack of homocysteine that causes high damage to the lining of arteries and other organs , which in turn leads to partial decrease in insulin secretion or lack of insulin receptors. This may effect the eyes , kidneys , blood vessels, and nerves. This research includes people with diabetes type II. admitted to the teaching hospital in Tikrit, Samples have been taken from 40 patients (22 males and 18 females) and (5) samples of healthy males from the staff of the University of Tikrit, The study included two parts : - 1 - Biochemical study : - included the measurement of plasma level of homocysteine from the blood of patients with type II diabetes which showed : - 1 - Significant increase (P

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات قواعد شف الحلقية الجديدة ودراسة انتقائية معقداتها وبوليمراتها الكلابية == Synthesis And Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Schiff Bases And The Study of Their Metal Ions Selectivity Complexes And Chelating Polymers

Author name: دينا سعدي احمد مخلف الفلاحي
Supervisor name: علي طه علي السامرائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن هذه الدراسة تحضير مشتقات الاوكسادايازول (4,2,1 و4,3,1) ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية لبعضها وذلك بتحضير المركب 2 - امينوثايازول حامض الخليك (1) من تفاعل 2 - امينوثايازول مع كلورو حامض الخليك في الايثانول المطلق ثم تحضير معوضات الاميدواوكزيم (6 - 2) ا | This study deals with the synthesis of (1,2,4 & 1,3,4 - ) Oxadiazole compounds and evaluation their biological activity.The synthesis was outlined as follows : - 1 - 2 - aminothiazole acetic acid (1) was prepared through the reaction of 2 - aminothiazole with chloroacetic acid.2 - Some new amidoxime derivatives (2 - 6) were synthesized by the reaction of substituted aromatic nitriyle with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.3 - the reaction of compound(2 - 6) with 2 - aminothiazole acetic acid (1) in the presence of (DCC) afforded compounds (7 - 11) namlly; N - O - (subs) amidoximyl - thiazol - 2 - yl - amino carboxylate. cyclo dehydration reactions of compounds(7 - 11) by heating yielded the corresponding1,2,4 - oxadiazol (12 - 16).4 - 5 - pyridyl - 1,3,4 - oxadiazole - 2 - thiol (17) was prepared by the reaction of Nicotinic acid hydrazide with carbondisulfide (CS2) in alcoholic(KOH).5 - Reaction of compound (17) with aryl halides in the presence of alcoholic(KOH)yielded the corresponding thioethers (18 - 25). 6 - Some hydrazone derivatives (28 - 30) were prepared by the condensation reaction of benzoic acid hydrazide (27) with appropriale aromatic aldehyde , these hydrazone were cyclized to the corresponding1,3,4 - oxadiazoles (31 - 33) using(PbO2) in glacial acetic acid. These compounds were characterized by asins available spectroscopic methods (UV,IR and NMR) , the spectral data obtained are combatable with the structures assigned to these compounds , some of these compounds were tested againstThis study also include the evaluation of biological activity of some prepared (12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,31,32&33) on the growth of four types of pathogenic bacteria , (Escherichia coli, pseudomonas auruginosa, klebsela pneumoniae (gram negative) and staphylococcus aurous (gram positive) ).The results abtained are shown in tables (22 - 24).

تحديد الظروف الفضلى للتفكك الضوئي لصبغة الاليزارين الصفراء على سطح اوكسيد الزنك المعدل والمسند == Determination The Optimum Conditions For The Photo Degradation of Alizarine Yellow Dye On The Surface of Modified And Supported Zinc Oxide

Author name: سوزان ضياء رؤوف
Supervisor name: احمد كاظم عباس
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذا البحث تحضير عدد من مركبات قواعد شف الحلقية غير المتجانسة وكما في الجدول ادناه : التركيب الرمز جرى تشخيص المركبات المحضرة باستخدام درجات الانصهار,الطرق الطيفية , FT - IR , H1 NMR , CHN Analysis ثم درست قابلية المركبات على تكوين معقدات ملونة ذائبة | The synthesis of heterocyclic schiff bases was achieved as shown in the table below : structure codeIn the first part of this work all the compounds were characterized by their M.p,IR,H1NMR and Elemental analysis CHN.In the second part ,the new compounds were examined by (spot test) for their metal complexes only compound D gave coloured compound with Cu2+ ions.A detailed study for this complex was carried for L/M ratio by mole ratio and continous variation method , calibration curve of Cu2+ ions were established depending on compound D.In the third part ,compounds A,B,C were loaded on poly urethane foam with 5% of the compounds and compound E with 10% to the foam so that chelating polymers P1,P2,P3,P5 were prepared respectively.Compound D was copolymerized with bis phenol A because its phenolic schiff base to produce polymer P4 with 10% of compound D.A complete analytical study for the prepared polymers regarding their loading capacity for different ions specially transition metal ions and heavy metals like Pb2+ and Cd2+ which are a major source of pollution.The study included two major factors i.e treatment time and pH and was conducted by batch study.Polymers P1,P2 and P3 showed same behavior towards the studied ions , on the other hand polymer P4 showed the highest loading capacity for all ions while polymer P5 showed the lowest this can be shown as : - Loading capacity P5< P1 , P2 , P3 < P4The highest loading capacity in all polymers was for Pb2+ ions , other ions were different in their order according to each polymer.A study for the regeneration of loaded polymer P5 (as an example) was conducted using (4M) HCL. The %recovery of Cr3+,Pb2+ and Co2+ was almost 90% or higher but Ni2+ was only 30% recovered.

دراسة بعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية والمناعية في النساء المجهضات خلال الثلث الاول من الحمل == Study of Some Biochemical And Immunological Parameters In Abortifacient Women During First Trimester of Pregnancy

Author name: انتصار فاضل مصطفى
Supervisor name: صباح حسين خورشيد | نزار احمد ناجي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الرسالة تحضير العامل المساعد اوكسيد الزنك بطريقة الترسيب وقد تم تشخيصه بوساطة تقنية حيود الاشعة السينية XRD)) والاشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR) والاشعة فوق البنفسجية - المرئية (..(UV - Vis تم دراسة تاثير درجة حرارة التلدين على الفعالية الضوئية لاوكسيد الزن | This work included preparation of zinc oxide by precipitation method. characterization of sample prepared work by using X - Ray Diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectra (FTIR) and Ultraviolet - visible spectra (UV - Vis). The effect of calcination temperature was studied on the photo activity of zinc oxide and physical properties such as surface area and porosity and density. The results showed that annealing temperature 773K was the best for the preparation of zinc oxide , which gave a good physical properties. The adsorption of Alizarin gelb dye (A.G) on the surface of zinc oxide was studied and it was found that the equilibrium time required was 30 min.. The kinetics of photo reaction of dye was studied in the presence of catalyst and oxygen through the irradiation of the dye solution by medium pressure mercury lamp at a temperature of 298 K and it was found that the order of reaction was first order. The optimum conditions for photooxidation of the dye was determined by studying several factors such us : dye concentration at the range (30 - 70) mg/L and it was found the optimum concentration was 40 mg/L , weight of zinc oxide at the range (0.05 - 0.9) g and it was found that the optimum weight was 0.3 g , pH of the medium at the range (3 - 11) and it was found that the optimum pH was 8 , different oxidants (potassium dichromate, potassium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide) and it was found that the highest percentage of dye decolorization was by using of hydrogen peroxide, The effect of doping transition metal ions (Co2+,Ni2+,Cu+2) it was found that undoping zinc oxide possessed higher activity from doped oxide , Effect presence of support materials such as (alumina, silica, bentonite, activated charcoal) on the dye decolorization and it was found that the higher percentage was by using activated charcoal.

تحضير ودراسة حركية التفكك الضوئي لمعقدات الموليبدنيوم المخلبية مع ثنائي الكيل ثنائي ثايوكاربامات وN,N - ثنائي مثيل هيدرازين == Preparation And Kinetic Study Photodecomposition of Chelates Molybdenum Complexes With Dialkyl Dithiocarbamat & N,N - Dimethyl Hydrazine

Author name: حسن خضر ناجي
Supervisor name: حسن عباس حبيب
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تم تصميم الدراسة الحالية للتخلص من عقاري الباراسيتامول والبروكائين باستخدام الاشعة الفوق بنفسجية وبوجود اوكسيد الزنك كعامل مساعد، حيث سلطت الدراسه الضوء على اهمية كل من الضوء والعامل المساعد كعوامل اساسيه في التفكك الضوئي المحفز لكلا الدوائين.تضمنت الدرا | The current study is designed to treat the paracetamol and procaine by using UV light and ZnO as catalyst. This study explains the importance of the UV light and catalyst as a basic factors in the photocatalytic degradation for both paracetamol and procaine drugs. The study includes the measure of the rate of photocatalytic oxidation by measuring the absorbance of samples of aqueous solution for both drugs which is treated by UV light and ZnO. These absorbance are compared with the initial drug's absorbance. Some parameters which are effected on the rate of photocatalytic oxidation are studied in present research such as the amount of catalyst, initial concentration for the drug's solution, pH and the temperature for the drug's solution. The results show that the photocatalytic oxidation reaction for the paracetamol and procaine obey pseudo - first order according to the Langmuir - Hinshelwood relationship, and also it is found that the photoctalytic oxidation rate fits positively with the increase of the catalyst weight until the weights of ZnO equal to 0.025 g and 0.1 g are considered the optimum weights for paracetamol and procaine respectively where the best photocatalytic degradation is happened. So after these values, the photocatalytic degradation rate is decrease or stablized with the increase of the catalyst weight. In addition, the initial concentration increase for both drugs leads to reduce degradation rate. Also this study is found the increase of pH of reaction solution for both drugs has a positive effect represented by increasing the degradation rate until the pH 8 and 4 are the best acidic function of the paracetamol and procaine respectively. Regarding the change of the temperature has a little effect on the rate of photocatalytic degradation and it was noticed that the reaction rate increases with the increase of temperature. Activation energy is calculated according to the Arrhenius plot of lnK vs. 1/T, the slop of linear plot is equal to ( - Ea/R). Activation energy was found equal to 7.96 KJ. mol - 1 for paracetamol and 8.71 KJ. mol - 1 for procaine. The thermodynamic functions are calculated in current study for each drug and the results for paracetamol are as following : ?G = 63.61 ± 2.85 KJ.mol - 1?H = 5.40 ± 0.13 KJ.mol - 1?S = - 0.189 KJ.K - 1.mol - 1And the results of procaine are as following : ?G = 63.43 ± 2.81 KJ.mol - 1 ?H = 6.15 ± 0.13 KJ.mol - 1?S = - 0.186 KJ.K - 1.mol - 1The results of the suggested mechanism of degradation are shown that the final products for degradation are CO2, H2O and mineral acids.

تحضير ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض مشتقات الكرمارين الجديدة == Synthesis And Study Biological Activity of Some New Coumarin Derivatives

Author name: قاسم عبد الحسين جابر الشيباني
Supervisor name: نبيل عبد عبد الرضا
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذه الدراسة تحضير المعقدات على النحو الاتي : 1 - اوكسو 1,1 - ثنائي مثيل هايدرازيدو - ثنائي( ثنائي اثيل ثنائي ثايوكارباماتو) موليبدنيوم (VI) 2 - اوكسو 1,1 - ثنائي مثيل هايدرازيدو - ثنائي(ثنائي مثيل ثنائي ثايوكارباماتو) موليبدنيوم (VI) 3 - اوكسو 2,1 | In this study for complexes have been prepared are : 1 - Oxo 1,1 - dimethyl hydrazido - bis (diethyl dithiocarbamato) molybdenum (VI). 2 - Oxo 1,1 - dimethyl hydrazido - bis (dimethyl dithiocarbamato) molybdenum (VI) 3 - Oxo 1,2 - dimethyl hydrazido - bis (diethyl dithiocarbamato) molybdenum (VI). 4 - Oxo 1,2 - dimethyl hydrazido - bis (dimethyl dithiocarbamato) molybdenum (VI). Via two intermediate complexes are di oxo bis (diethyl dithiocarbamato) molybdenum (VI) and di oxo bis (dimethyl di thiocarbamato) molybdenum (VI). All complexes was characterized spectrophometically by UV - vis and FTIR. The kinetic of photo chemical reaction have been studied for these complexes by irradiate there solution by mono wave length light at (?= 366nm)supplied from medium pressure mercury lamp at 293 K for 90 minutes by using ethanol as solvent. Following the photo chemical reaction showed the order of photo dissociation reaction is pseudo - first reaction for all complexes and reaction rate constants were calculated , so the spectrum change were recorded during irradiation period. The effect of several factors have been studied included : period of irradiation , complex concentration , light intensity , PH value , solvent polarity and temperature. Where the periods of irradiation time were followed which last in the complex dissociation , were between 390 - 450 min. study of seven concentration of all complex where the dissociation rate was proportional inversty with concentration , so the dissociation increases when light intensity increase , and notice that changing in pH value between 4 - 10 lead to dissociation increment toward naturalization and decrease when alkalinity rise. According to the solvent effect , the photodissociation take the sequence for all complexes Isopropanol > 1 - butanol > Ethanol > Methanol. Besides the photo dissociation of all complexes was studied in the range 283 - 303 K and found that in the temperature rising the rate of dissociation rises and the activation energy for all complexes and study was calculated. Quantum yields have been calculated for all prepared complexes and the value was more than one , it raters to the photolysis was chain reaction and reaction done by heterogonous splitting of metal - ligand bond according to uv - vis spectrums where oxidation of ligand and the metal was reduced giving opposite complexes

دراسة طيفية لعدد من معقدات انتقال الشحنة لقواعد شف وحركيات الانحلال الضوئي للقواعد == Spectral And Photo Decay Kinetic Study For A Number of Charge - Transfer Complexes of Schiff Bases

Author name: بشرى كامل نجم الفراجي
Supervisor name: عبد الرحمن خضير عبد الحسين الطائي | نشوان عمر رشيد تبة باشي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis included the preparation of a number of new compounds derived from coumarin. In the first stage was to prepare two of the main compensators coumarin and published by preparation methods known , It was the preparation of compound 3 - acetyl coumarin [70] via Biginelli condensing and through reaction Salicyladehyde with ethyl acetoacetate in existence Piperidine. also prepared compound 3 - Carbomethoxy coumarin [85] in the same way by reaction Salicyladehyde with dimethyl malonate in existence Piperidine.Then, depending on the substituted groups in the two compounds [70] , [85] was the synthesis of other derivatives, namely : 1. Prepare derivatives [71] , [72]through reaction compound [70] with Phenyl hydrazine to produce derivative [71] or with 4 - Nitrophenyl hydrazine to produce derivative [72].2. Prepare derivatives [73] , [74] by Fischer reaction and through treatment of derivatives [71],[72] with poly phosphoric acid to produce a derivatives [73] , [74]respectively.3. Prepare derivatives [75] , [76] by Vilsmeier - Heack reaction and that the treatment derivatives [71] [72], with a mix of (DMF / POCl3) to produce a derivatives[75] , [76] respectively.4. Prepare derivatives [77] , [78] through reactance derivatives [71] , [72] with Copper acetate aquatic in acidic medium to produce a derivatives [77] , [78] respectively.5. prepare a series of derivatives [79 - 84] by Biginelli reaction and through treatment of compound [70] with a number of substitute aromatic aldehydes and urea in acidic medium and get on derivatives [79 - 84].6. prepare a series of derivatives [86 - 88] through reaction compound [85] with a number of primary aromatic amines in acidic medium and get on derivatives [86 - 88].7. prepare a series of derivatives [89 - 92] through reaction compound [85] with Piperazine and its derivatives in the acidic medium and get derivatives [89 - 92].In addition in this research was assigned the structures of some new derivatives via spectroscopic methods (FT - IR) and (1H NMR) and (13C NMR) and (HSQC, HMBC) in addition to accurate analysis of the elements (CHN), has demonstrated diagnostic studies the success of the chemical reactions and the health of chemical compositions of the derivatives prepared.As has been the study of biological effectiveness of some prepared compounds and the results showed a difference in their effect on bacteria and fungi, it was found that most of the derivatives prepared possess biological activity in the killing and inhibition of bacteria (E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus), as well as fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) so as to contain aldehyd and hydroxyl groups and fluorine atoms, chlorine, and heterogeneous episodes that make these derivatives are more effective than the base compound in inhibiting and killing bacteria.

تحضير بعض مشتقات المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة المتضمنة حلقات رباعية وخماسية وسباعية وحلقة البايرازولين وتقييم تاثيرها على انواع مختلفة من البكتريا والفطريات == Synthesis of Some Deriativel Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Four, Five, Seven - Membered Rings And Pyrazol - 5 - One And Evaluate The Biological Activity of Some Bacteria And Fungies

Author name: هبة حمزة رشيد لطيف التكريتي
Supervisor name: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن الدراسة عدة اجزاء : الجزء الاول : تحضير مجموعة من قواعد شف من تكثيف البنزلديهايدالمعوض بالمواقع بارا بمجاميع( بارا - برومو، بارا - كلورو، بارا - نايترو، بارا - N,N - ثنائي مثيل امينو بنزالديهايد ) مع معوضات الانلين المختلفة (بارا - امينو اسيتوفينو | This Work was accomplished through the following four part : Part one In this part nine Schiff bases derived from p - substituted benzaldehyde) with (p - bromo aniline , p - amino acetophenon, aniline, 2 - amino phenol were prepared.The electronic spectra in absolute ethanol solution were used to study the intermolecular charge - transfer complexes between the considered Schiff bases as charge donor , and iodine as charge acceptor molecules.The physical parameters of charge - transfer complexes were calculated by applying Bensi - Hildebrand equation. The equilibrium Constants for complexes formation were found to follow (3<4<9<6<7<8<5<1<2) arrangement. The energy of the complexes and extiztion coefficient were found to have the same arrangement shown above. The difference in the values of this physical properties are attributed to structural difference of the molecular (donating and withdrawing substituted groups). KCT values for the complexes were calculated from Bensi - Hildebrand equation and was found to fit the following arrangement ( 9<8<7<4<3<6<5<1<2 ), depending mainly on the types of substituted groups on aniline ring. Part Two Effect of temperature variation on equilibrium constant for the charge - transfer complexes formation were measured by applying Bensi - Hildebrand equation ,which used to estimate the thermodynamic parameter such as (?G0, ?S0 , ?H ) in absolute ethanol. Part Three The kinetic of the formation of charge - transfer complexes in absolute ethanol was studied.The results indicated that, the more stable charge - transfer complexes have higher rate constant formation and the kinetic of CTC was first order. Part Four Photo stability of (1 - 9) Schiff bases against direct sun light was investigated as solution in both ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO.The results indicated that, the rates of photo decay of the Schiff bases in ethanol were faster than in DMSO solvent and the photo decay kinetic was found to follow first order reaction in ethanol and second order in DMSO solution.

التقدير الطيفي للترايفلوبيرازين والكلوربرومازين في المستحضرات الصيدلانية باستخدام تفاعلات الاكسدة == Spectrophotometric Determination of Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride And Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride In Pharmaceutical Formulation By Oxidation Reactions

Author name: عمر عدنان هاشم شريف ال ابليش
Supervisor name: علي ابراهيم خليل الجبوري | محسن حمزة بكر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: This study contained ageneral introduction about the Ion - Selective electrodes and ageneral introduction about Schiff's Base and the determination of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (DPH) and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (PEH) and Metoclopramide Hydrochloride (METO) and Metformin Hydrochloride (METF ) drugs using new methods applying potentiometric (the first part) and using Schiff's Base as ionophor In ISES membranes ( the second part).The first part includes construction of membrane selective electrodes for DPH and PEH drugs based on complexation of drugs with Ammonium Reinckate (AR) and Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA) as an active substance using Di - n - Butyl phthalate (DBPH) as a plasticizers , poly vinyl chloride was used as a matrix for all electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1. For the Diphenhydramine - Ammonium Reinckate (DP - AR) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4.5 - 6.5), (20 - 30?C), 10 - 2 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.40) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9971, detection limit (8.88x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 34 days.2. For the Diphenhydramine - Phospho Molybdic acid (DP - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4.5 - 6.5), (20 - 30 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 90) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9960, detection limit (6.8x10 - 8 M )and life time of the electrode was 40 days.3. For the Phenylephrine - Ammonium Reinckate (PE - AR) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 30 ?C), 10 - 3 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.8) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9990, detection limit (2.22x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 24 days.4. For the Phenylephrine - Phospho Molybdic acid (PE - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 30 ?C), 10 - 3 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.5mv\decade), correlation coefficient r= 0.9990, detection limit (4.87x10 - 7 M ) and life time of the electrode was 26 days.The second part includes the use of Schiff's Base as ionophor in ISES MembranesThe second part includes construction of membrane selective electrodes for METO and METF drugs based on complexation of drugs Schiff METO and Schiff METF as Ionophor with Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA) as an active substance using Nitro benzene (NB) and Di - n - Butyl phthalate (DBPH) as a plasticizers , poly vinyl chloride was used as a matrix for all electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1.For the Metoclopramide - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METO - PMA) electrode using (NB) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4 - 6), (20 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (19.90) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9970, detection limit (4.5x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 122 days.2.For the Metoclopramide - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METO - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4 - 6), (20 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively. The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 70) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9950, detection limit (3.83x10 - 7 M )and life time of the electrode was 108 days.3.For the Metformin - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METF - PMA) electrode using (NB) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 30) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9970, detection limit (3.87x10 - 7M )and life time of the electrode was 102 days.4.For the Metformin - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METF - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 10) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9980, detection limit (2.37x10 - 7 M )and life time of the electrode was 90 days

دراسة تاثير الفسفاتين وبعض المتغيرات الحياتية على مرضى سوفان المفاصل المصابين وغير المصابين بداء السكري من النوع الثاني == A Study of Visfatin And Some Biochemical Variables In Osteoarthritis With And Without Diabetes Mellitus Type2

Author name: لمياء شاكر عاشور
Supervisor name: طارق محمد علي رجب الحكيم | حامد غفوري حسن
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن هذا الفصل مقدمة عن المركبات الدوائية الاتية وطرائق تقديرها وهي : • الترايفلوبيرازين هيدروكلوريد Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride • طرائق تقدير للترايفلوبيرازين هيدروكلوريد Methods for the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride • الكلوربروم | This thesis consists of four chapters : Chapter one : contains introduction about drug compounds listed below - Trifluoperazine hydrochloride. - Methods for the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride. - Chlorpromazine hydrochloride. - Methods for the determination of Chlorpromazine. - Aim of the research.Chapter two The Chapter includes the development of a new sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of a Trifluoperazine hydrochloride in aqueous solution. The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride with Sulphanilic acid reagent in a acidic medium pH 1.4 in the presence of Potassium Iodate to produce an intense violet coloured, water soluble and stable product , which exhibits maximum absorption at 544 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the arange 12 to 66 µg.ml - 1 of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride, with a molar absorptivity of 4804 L.mo1 - 1.cm - 1 , Sandell’s sensitivity index of 0.01 µg.cm - 2 , relative error range not more than 1.26% , and D.L 0.495 µg.ml - 1. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride in tablets.Chapter threeThe Chapter includes the development of a sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride in aqueous solution based on reduction of Fe3+ with Trifluoperazine hydrochloride. The Fe2+ formed is complexed with 2,2’ - bipyridyl at pH 4.2 to produce a red , water soluble and stable complex, which exhibits maximum absorption at 524 nm. Beer’s law obeyed in the concentration range from 2 to 50 µg.ml - 1 of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride. The molar absorptivity is 5284.4 L.mol - 1.cm - 1 and Sandell’s sensitivity index of 0.090 µg. cm - 2 , relative error from 1.64 % , and D.L 0.788 µg.ml - 1. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride in tablets.Chapter FourThe Chapter includes the development of a new sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of a Chlorpromazine hydrochloride in aqueous solution. The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction of Chlorpromazine hydrochloride with Sulphanilamide reagent in a acidic medium pH 3.2 in the presence of Ammonium ceric Sulphate dihydrate to produce an intense violet coloured, water soluble and stable dye, which exhibits maximum absorption at 530 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the arange 6 to 66 µg.ml - 1 of Chlorpromazine hydrochloride, with a molar absorptivity of 2842.28 L.mo1 - 1.cm - 1 , Sandell’s sensitivity index of 0.1250 µg.cm - 2 , relative error range not more than 2.49 % , and D.L 1.2028 µg.ml - 1. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of Chlorpromazine hydrochloride in tablets.

تحضيروتشخيص بعض المشتقات الجديدة لثنائي هيدروبريميدينون باستخدام تفاعل بكينيلي ودراسة فعاليتها البايلوجية == Synthesis And Characterization And Biological Activity Study of Some New Dihydropyrimidinones Derivatives Via Application Biginelli Reaction

Author name: احمد ماهر فهيم
Supervisor name: نبيل عبد عبد الرضا
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: The present work involved synthesis of new indole derivatives containing other heterocyclic ring. These derivatives could be divided into the following parts : 1. The first part involved synthesis and characterization of novel 1,3 - diazidine[XIII]a - d and [XIV]a - d by the following steps : Scheme(1).a. Synthesis of 3 - [(5 - hydrazinyl - 4 - phenyl - 1,2,4 - triazol - 3 - yl)methyl] - 1H - indole [VI], this compound is synthesized by neucleophilic substitution reaction of 1,2,4 - triazole - 5 - thiol compound [V]a with excess of hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol as a solvent.b. Synthesis of 2 - {5 - [(1H - indol - 3 - yl) - propyl] - 4 - phenyl - 1,2,4 - triazol - 3 - yl} - thio - acetohydrazide[VIII]b, by the reaction of ester compounds[VII]b with excess of 80% hydrazine hydrate in ethanol under reflux.c. Synthesis of new Schiff bases[IX]a - d and [X]a - d by condensation reaction of primary amino compounds[VI] or [VIII]b with different aromatic aldehyde in absolute ethanol as a solvent.d. Synthesis of new N - acyl derivatives[XI]a - d and [XII]a - d by reaction of acetyl chloride with the synthesized Schiff bases[IX]a - d, [X] a - d in dry benzene.e. Synthesis of 1, 3 - diazetine derivatives[XIII]a - d and [XIV]a - d by addition reaction of compound[XI]a - d or [XII]a - d with sodium azide in dimethylformamid as a solvent at (55 - 60)0C temperature.2 - While the second part involved synthesis and characterization of novel thiazolidine - 4 - one compounds[XXI]a - d and [XXII]a - d by the following steps : Scheme(2).a. Synthesis of 2 - [5 - (2 - methyl - 1H - indol - 3 - yl) - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazol - yl] - thio - ethyl hydrazide[XVIII] by the reaction of ester compound[XVII] with excess of 80% hydrazine hydrate in ethanol under reflux.b. Synthesis of 2 - {5 - [(1H - indol - 3 - yl) - methylene] - 4 - phenyl - 1,2,4 - triazol - 3 - yl} - IXthio - ethylhydrazide[XVIII], by the reaction of ester compounds[XVII] with excess of hydrazine hydrate in ethanol under reflux. Also synthesize new Schiff bases [XIX]a - d and [XX]a - d by condensation reaction of acid hydrazide compounds [VIII]a or [XVIII] with different aromatic aldehyde in absolute ethanol as a solvent.c. Synthesis of new thiazolidine - 4 - one derivatives, [XXI]a - d and [XXII]a - d by refluxing equimolar amounts from Schiff bases[XIX]a - d and [XX]a - d with excess of thioglycolic acid in dry benzene.3. The third part involved synthesis and characterization of new series of thiazolidine - 4 - one [XXVII]a - c and [XXVIII]a - c by many steps reaction as follows : Scheme(3).a. Synthesis of new Schiff [XXIII]a,b, [XXIV]a,b by condensation reaction of acid hydrazide [III]a,b with two types of aromatic aldehyde in absolute ethanol.b. Synthesis of another type from thiazolidine - 4 - one derivatives [XXV]a, b and [XXVI]a, b from the reaction of Schiff bases [XXIII]a,b, [XXIV] a,b with excess of thioglycolic acid in dry benzene. The alkoxy derivatives of compounds [XXVII] and [XXVIII]; 2 - (4 - N - alkoxyphenyl) - 3 - (2 - methyl - 1H - indol - 3 - yl)amido - 1,3 - thiazolidine - 4 - one[XXVII]a - c and 2 - (4 - N - alkoxyphenyl) - 3 - (1H - indol - 3 - yl) acetamido - 1,3 - thiazolidine - 4 - one [XXVIII]a - c were synthesized by the reaction of terminal OH group of compound[XXV]a or [XXVI]a with different n - alkyl bromide in alkaline media.4 - The fourth part involved synthesis and characterization of amide derivatives of 1,3,4 - thiadiazole[XXXI]a - d, [XXXII]a - d and [XXXIII]a - d by the following steps : Scheme(4)a. Preparation of 2 - amino - 5 - (2 - methyl - 1H - indol - 3 - yl) - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole[XXIX] by cyclization reaction of 2 - (2 - methyl - 1H - indole - 3 - carbonyl) hydrazine carbo - thio amide [XV] in conc. H2SO4 under reflux followed by neutralized with liquid ammonia. While 2 - amino - 5 - [(1H - indol - 3 - yl)methyl] - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole[XXX]aand 2 - amino - 5 - [(1H - indol - 3 - yl)propyl] - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole[XXX]b synthesized by cyclization reaction under reflux of indole - 3 - acetic acid or indole - 3 - butric acid with thiosemicarbazide in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride.b. Synthesis of new amide derived from 2 - amino - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole [XXXI]a - d, [XXXII]a - d and [XXXIII]a - d from the reaction equimolar of suitable 2 - amino - 1,3,4 - thiadiazoles[XXIX] and [XXX]a,b with different acid chlorides in DMF and pyridine as accepter.5. The fifth part involved synthesis and characterization of new hydrazones [XXXVII]a - d and [XXXVIII]a - d. These compounds were synthesized according to the follows steps : Scheme(5)a. Synthesis and characterization of 1 - (2 - methyl - 1H - indole - 3 - yl) carbonyl - 3 - methyl - pyrazol - 5(4H) - one[XXXIV] and 1 - [(1H - indol - 3 - yl) ethanoyl or butanoyl] - 3 - methyl - pyrazol - 5(4H) - one [XXXV]a, b by heating under reflux a solution of equimolar from acid hydrazides[III]a - c with ethylacetoacetate in absolute ethanol.b. Synthesis and characterization of 1 - [4 - acetyl - (1H - indol - 3 - yl)ethanoyl or butanoyl] - 3 - methyl - pyrazol - 5 - one [XXXVI]a, b through reaction of pyrazolone derivatives[XXXV]a,b with acetyl chloride in 1,4 - dioxane in presence of calcium hydroxide.c. Synthesis and characterization of novel hydrazones [XXXVII]a - d and [XXXVIII]a - d by the reaction of 4 - acetyl - pyrazolone compounds[XXXVI]a, b with phenyl hydrazine or substituted phenyl hydrazine in ethanol.The synthesized compounds have been characterized by their melting points, elemental analysis (C.H.N) and by their spectral data, FTIR, 1HNMR and Mass spectroscopy (of some of theme).Study of the biological activity of some of the synthesized compounds against Gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram - negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The results showed that most of the tested

تحضير دقائق مغناطيسيه متناهيه الصغر (نانو) ودراسة تقييدها لانزيم الزانثين اوكسيديز == Prepared of Magnetic Nanoparticles And Study The Immobilized For Xanthine Oxidase

Author name: مصطفى محمد كريم
Supervisor name: حسين كاظم الحكيم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The purpose of this thesis is to report quantum chemical investigations into a series of problems related to contemporary organometallic chemistry. In recent years density functional approaches have become the most commonly used theoretical methodology in organometallic chemistry. Alongside these developments, a number of new tools for analyzing electronic structure such as topological analysis of electron density (Atoms in Molecules theory) have emerged. As a result, theory is now in a position to compute ab initio many of the experimental observables that underpin modern organometallic chemistry.The bonding in the Triosmium carbonyl cluster 1 [Os3(? - H)(? - ?2 - dpa - N,N)(CO)10] and Triosmium carbonyl cluster 2 [Os3( ? - H)2(NHC)(CO)9] are explored using the Quantum Theory of Atoms - in - Molecules (QTAIM). The metal - metal and metal - ligand bond critical points properties ?(r), ?2?(r), H(r), G(r), V(r) and ellipticity, and also the bond delocalization indices ?(A, B), are correlated with the data from previous studies of the organometallic systems. These results have allowed a comparison between topological properties of different atom - atom interactions. In the core of dihydride triosmium cluster 2, Os3H2 part, the topological data recognizes the existence of a bond path in the dihydride bridged Os atoms, Os(1) - Os(3) edges, whereas in monohydride triosmium cluster 1 there is no direct bond path has been found for the interaction between the hydride bridged Os atoms, although a non - negligible delocalization index ?(Os(1)...Os(2)) has been obtained for this non - bonding interaction. A multicenter 4c - 4e interaction is proposed to exist in the core part, Os3H, in cluster 1 and bridged part, Os(1) - H(1) - Os(3) - (H2) in cluster 2. In addition, an interaction of 5c - 5e type is proposed to exist in the core part, Os3H2. All topological parameters calculated for the Os - N and Os - C bonds between the osmium atoms and the pyridyl and NHC ligands in compound 1 and 2, respectively, are similar, and they confirm that these interactions are pure ? bond. The analysis of the topological parameters of the NHC and pyridyl ligands bonds confirm the existence of ? - electron delocalization within the six - membered ring of pyridyl ligand and hindered ? - electron delocalization within the five - membered ring of NHC ligand with some double - bond character in the interaction of the carbine C atom with the adjacent N atoms.

دراسة الخواص الميكانيكية لخلائط المطاط الطبيعي باستخدام انواع مختلفة من البوليمرات والمالئات == Study of Mechanical Properties For Natural Rubber Blends Using Different Types of Polymers And Fillers

Author name: قصي خزعل موجر
Supervisor name: محمد علي مطر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تم تحضير مركبات نانو مغناطيسية جديدة باستخدام الكوليستيرول والسلفادايزين مع اوكسيد الحديد المغناطيسي. حضرت هذه المركبات باستعمال طريقة الترسيب المشترك لاوكسيدي الحديد الثنائي والثلاثي ومن ثم ربطه بالحامض بطريقة فوق الاشباع. تم تشخيص المركبات المحضرة بالطر | Two new magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared using magnetic iron oxides with cholesterol and sulfadiazine. These compounds were prepared by iron oxide (II and III) co - precipitation, and then the prepared MNP were incubated with cholesterol and sulfadiazine. The synthesized compounds were identified using multiple techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, diffractive light scattering, and thermogravimetric analysis. Results demonstrated the formation of new magnetic nanoparticles, namely, MNP@Cholesterol and MNP@Sulfadiazine. The interaction between the prepared MNPs and xanthine oxidase (XO) was evaluated as a potential method for the inhibition of the enzymatic activity. The inhibition of XO is an important issue to reduce the formation of uric acid, which is responsible for gout and kidney stone formation. Another potential application is the extraction of the XO enzyme from biological fluids, such as blood, or the immobilization of XO on the surfaces of MNPs as a new application of these insoluble particles.The interaction studies involved the incubation of XO solution with the suspension of prepared MNPs using XO solutions with different concentration and fixed MNP mass. The adsorption studies of XO on MNPs showed that the prepared MNPS can extract suitable amounts of XO from a solution. Slight differences in the XO quantities adsorbed on different MNPs were found. Adsorption isotherms followed the Sips equation, indicating slight heterogeneity in the adsorption active forces on MNPs. Circular dichroism study of the XO adsorption on the prepared MNPs showed significant changes in the secondary structures, namely, reduction of the ? - helix structure. Furthermore, fluorospectrophotometric studies showed changes in the tertiary structure of the XO caused by the interaction with the active sites of the prepared MNPs. The study of the inhibition of XO activity by the prepared MNPs showed mixed inhibition as a result of the changes in the original XO enzyme after interaction with the surfaces. Magnetic Fe3O4 showed the highest inhibition activity, followed by MNP@Sulfadiazine and MNP@Choleterol - XO.

التحضير والتشخيص الطيفي ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية لليكاندي البنزاميدازوليل ازو غير متجانسي الحلقة الجديدين وبعض من معقداتهما الفلزية == Synthesis, Spectral Characterization And Biological Activity Study For New Heterocyclic Benzimidazolyl Azo Ligands And Their Metal Complexes

Author name: بان عدنان حاتم
Supervisor name: خالد جواد العادلي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: نتيجة للتقدم العلمي الحاصل في مجال صناعة البوليمرات ظهرت الحاجة الى مواد بوليميرية بمواصفات معينة لا يمكن الحصول عليها من نوع واحد من البوليمرات , لذا كانت هناك محاولات لمزج نوعين او اكثر من البوليمرات للحصول على مزيج بوليميري بمواصفات صناعية مرغوب فيها و| As a result of scientific progress made in the field of polymer industry emerged the need for materials polymers with certain features has emerged can not be obtained from one type of polymers, so there have been attempts to blend two or more polymers for combination Self - leveling industrial specifications undesirable and the formation of a physical blends has the common characteristics of basic materials, and this depends on the type of polymers and blending mode. This study included the preparation Ajanta blends of natural rubber with thermoplastics, as follows : 1. Prepare Ajnat of natural rubber by (100phr) has been reinforced and the usual filers used black carbon types (HAFN330, ISAFN220, SAFN110) and adopted ratios (60,50,40,30,20,10 phr), and the results show that the increase in the content of black carbon leads to an increase in the mechanical properties (tensile strength, elastic modulus, hardness) and a decrease in (elongation at break and compressibility), and that the best ratio add was when (50phr) of all kinds of black carbon the study found that the best values of the properties of the species used from black carbon at (50phr) of type (SAFN110).2. Prepare Ajnat of natural rubber by (100phr) has been reinforced and enhanced using filer Nano (black carbon Nano, titanium dioxide Nano) rates (6,5,4,3,2,1 phr) and found that the increase during the study nano filers content leads to an increase in the mechanical properties (tensile strength, elastic modulus, hardness) and a decrease in the elongation at break and compressibility add that the best ratio was (5phr) of all kinds nano filers used. .3. Prepare Ajnat blends of natural rubber with thermoplastics (PP, PE, PS, PVC) adopted the blending ratios (55 / 45,70 / 30,85 / 15 phr), and the study found that an increase in plastics content leads to an increase in the hardness and low in compressibility, has been shown that the best mechanical properties (tensile strength, elastic modulus, elongation, and hardness, and compressibility) was when the proportion of blending (85phr) of natural rubber with (phr 15) of (PP, PS, PVC) and the proportion of blending (70phr) of natural rubber with (30phr) of (PE).4. The results of chemical analysis tests showed that blends prepared characterized by good resistance to chemical solutions (acids and bases) and a decrease in the degree of intumescent greater thermoplastics content ratio of(15phr) to (45phr) Ajnat in combination.5. The results show that the natural rubber blends with polyethylene showed chemical properties and good resistance to chemical solutions best compared with the plastics used in the preparation Ajnat.6. Determine compatibility blends by using technology (DSC) for blends prepared.

تحضير وتشخيص ليكاندات ازو جديدة غير متجانسة الحلقة مشتقة من 5,4 - ثنائي فنيل اميدازول ومعقداتها مع بعض الايونات الفلزية == Synthesis And Characterization of New Heterocyclic Ligands Based On 4,5 - Diphenyl Imidazole And Their Complexes With Some of Metal Ions

Author name: اسراء نور كاظم وتوت
Supervisor name: حسين عبد محمد صالح
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن العمل تحضير ليكاندين جديدين من ليكاندات الازو العضويه غير المتجانسه المشتقة من البنزامبدازول الاول هو اليكاند 2'] - 2 - (بنزايميدازوليل) ازو [ - 6,4 - ثنائي كلورو فينول Benzimidazolyl) Azo] - 4,6 - dichloro phenol (BIADClP)) 2 - [2' - والليكاند الثا | This study deals with the preparation of two new ligands from the heterogeneous organic azo ligands drived from Benzimidazol.The first) 2 - [6 - Benzimidazolyl) Azo] - 2,4 - dichloro phenol (BIADClP). The second is 2 - [6 - (benzimidazolylazo)] - 2,4 - dibromo phenol(BIADBrP).The heterogeneous chain in both ligands includes two nitrogen atoms. These two ligands have been identification by the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1H - NNMR) ,the mass spectrum, infrared, visibale ultraviolet as well as the analysis of the micro - elements (C.H.N).And two new series of the solid canine complexes for these ligands. The first series includes six solid complexes of the ligand (BIADClP) with the metallic ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II). The second series includes the preparation of six solid complexes of the ligand (BIADBrP) with the metallic ions mentioned above. The effect of the solvent and the complexes stsbility have been studied on the prepared ligands with the passage of time starting from the moment of the metallic ion solution reaction with the ligand solution and up to 170 minutes. Also, the stability constants for these complexes have been calculated spectrally by visbale - ultraviolet spectra.All results show that these complexes have high stability. The infrared spectra of the prepared complexes have been studied and when compared with the free ligand spedtra give obvious changes as these spectra show new bands not already found in the spectra of both ligands and this is due to the occurance of the correlation between the metallic ions under study with the donar atoms [the nitrogen atom azo group near the heterogeneous chain (N3) and nitrogen atom benzimidazole molecule (N3) , the oxygen atom of hydroxyl group in the heterogenous chain ] in the ligand molecule whereas the other band suffered from obvious changes in shape, intensity and location and this is a proof on the occurance of consistency process between the metallic ions under study and the tow ligands. Atomic absorption spectrometer is used for assigning percentages of the metallic ions in the prepared complexes as well as the analysis of micro - elements (C.H.N). These results indicate the great consistency between the percentages theoretically calculated and practically gained. The magnetic sensitivity indicated that Ni(II) - complex and Cu(II) - complex for both ligands have baramagnatic characteristics whereas the Co(III) - complex, Zn(II) - complex, Cd(II) - complex, Hg(II) complex have adia magnetic characteristics. Also , the study deals with the molar conductivity of the canine complexes dissolved in DMF nad ethanol in a concentration (1×10 - 3) molar and in lap temperature. The results show that the complexes of Ni(II) , Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) do not have ionic characteristics and they are solution of non - electrolytes nature whereas the complexes of Co(III) and for both prepared ligands (BIADClP) and (BIADBrP) have ionic characteristics of the electrolytes nature of type (1 : 1) whereas other remaining complexes do not have any ionic characteristics. Throughout the results that have been reached at, certain structural forms for the canine complexes have been suggested.It has been indicated that the azo Benzimidazol ligands under study behave as tridentate ligands where the consistency happens through the N atom benzimidazole chain (N3) and N azo group far from the heterogeneous chain (N3) oxygen hydroxyl group of the homogeneous chain which leads to forming canine hexagonal complexes having octahydral as steric form.The hybridization of these complexes is d2sp3 concerning Co(III) - complexes of the ligands (BIADClP) and (BIADBrP) whereas the other complexes have the hybridization sp3d2 with the tow prepared ligands under syudy. Moreover, the study deals with the biological activity of these ligands and metallic complexes in the growth of four types of bacterial spores (germs) by using the solvent DMSO and deployment technology as anti - bacterial such as Staphylococcus aureuse and Staph.lentus representative for Gram positive bacteria and enterobacte and Escherichia coli representative for Gram negative bacteria. It is found that ligands and there complexes have different effect as antidepressants in the inhibition and the growth of bacteria under study wheras the ligand (BIADClP) gave the ability in inhibition of the growth of bacteria more than the ligand (BIADBrO) this is due to the change of substituted group on the homogeneous chain and their different in both ligands which led to the emergence of such difference in the inhibition and growth of bacteria.

تخليق وتشخيص ودراسة الخصائص التفلورية والمضادة لفايروس نقص المناعة المكتسبة لبعض مشتقات البركنينولون الجديدة == Synthesis, Characterization, Fluorescence Properties, Anti - Hiv Activity And Molecular Modeling Study of Some New Pregenolone Derivatives

Author name: رواء علاوي كاظم القريشي
Supervisor name: نجم عبود لعيبي المسعودي | نبيل عبد عبد الرضا
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9.pdf
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: نظرا لما تتمتع به مركبات الازو من تطبيقات مهمة في كل من المجالين الاكاديمي والتطبيقي فقد تمحورت دراستنا على تحضير ستة ليكاندات ازو جديدة مشتقة من المركب 5,4 - ثنائي فنيل اميدازول ودراسة السلوك التناسقي لكل منها مع ستة ايونات فلزية هي Co(II) , Ni(II) , C | Azo compounds have important applications in both of academic and applied fields, Accordingly, our study based on the synthesis of azo compounds derived from 4,5 - diphenyl imidazole and characterization of these azo compounds with their metal complexese containing Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) ions. Mass Spectra of ligands and their complexes were supported their molecular formula, while H1NMR spectra of ligands agreed well with the suggested structures , The C.H.N. and Atomic absorption analysis showed a good agreement with the calculated values , The purity of ligands and their complexes were examined by TLC and the values of Rf were values measured.Electronic spectra of complexes showed a bathochromic shift comparing to ligands spectra as a result of the coordination between the metal ions and ligands. The concentrations that obeyed Beer - Lambert Law of the complexes were determined from calibration curves , Mole Ratio Method indicate a ratio (1 : 2) (Metal : ligand) for the complexes of (DPEPI) and (DPDED) while other complexes with other ligands show a ratio (1 : 1) (Metal : ligand).Satiability Constants of the complexes were calculated and found that the Stability constants of complexes of the first ligand (DPEPI) were ( 2.955×10 12) >(2.294× 1011 ) <(1.121×10 12 ) < (1.108 ×1011 ) varied in the arrangement as Co(II)< Ni(II) < Cu(II)> Zn(II) which agree with Irving - Williams Series. This arrangement was applied on the complexes of the other ligands. The Conductivity measurements of complexes showed non ionic character. Apparently the magnetic susceptibility values agree with their values of the octahedral high spin complexes for Co(II)) while the complexes of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II) were diamagnetic. IR Spectra of complexes showed obvious changes of the frequencies of ? (N=N) of azo group and ?(C=N) of heterocyclic imidazole ring as result of coordination with metal ions, While the frequencies of ?(C=N) of azomethine group did not show any significant change for complexes comparing to the ligands spectra ,New bands were appeared in the region (400 - 500) cm - 1 in the spectra of complexes that due to frequencies of ?(M - N) because of coordination process. From the previous results the purposed structures of the complexes can be summarized as shown in the following : Proposal structure of (DPEPI) Complexes Proposal structure of (DIDHP), (DIDMP),

دراسة حركية لتاثير بعض المركبات المخفضة للدهون الثيازينات والثياديازول على الكرياتين كاينيز و3 - هيدروكسي - 3 - مثيل كلوتاريل كو انزيم - اي ريدكتيز في امصال مرضى ارتفاع الدهون والفئران المختبرية التي تم حث ارتفاع الدهون فيها == Kinetic Study of The Effect of Some Novel Lipid Lowering Thiazines And Thiadiazole Compounds On Creatine Kinase And 3 - Hydroxy - 3 - Methyl - Glutaryl - Coa Reductase Activities In Sera of Hyperlipidemia Patient’s And Wister Mice With Induced Hyperlipide

Author name: تمارة احمد عبد الكريم العبيدي
Supervisor name: زينب منيب مالك الربيعي | غيد حسان عبد الهادي العبيدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تمثل الستيرويدات فئة هامة من العقاقير الطبيعية وكذلك الصناعية نظرا لقدرتها على اختراق الخلايا واداء بعض الوظائف البيولوجية الاساسية وبشكل رئيسي هي عوامل مضادة للفيروسات ومضادات للاورام. وتقسم الرسالة الحالية على ثلاثة فصول.يمثل الفصل الاول مقدمة عامة حو | Steroids represent an important class of natural as well as synthetic drugs because of their ability to penetrate cells and perform some of the most fundamental biological functions mainly as antitumor and antiviral agents. The present thesis is devided into three chapters.The first chapter represented a general introduction concerning the structures of some potent steroids, and the pathways of the synthetic adrenal steroids as well as their pharmacological importance in medicine, in general. This part is focused mainly also on the pregnenolone as an important potentially active steroid, including its structural modification at the hydroxyl and keto groups at C - 3 and C - 20 and their uses as antitumor agents. Mitsunobu, Suzuki reactions and aldol condensation as well as chalcon formation and their application at steroids have been described. The second chapter is concerned with the experimental work which included different synthetic methodology.The third chapter is the main part of the thesis, described the synthesis of new 3? - pregnenolone ester derivatives at C - 3 via Misunobu reaction of the carboxylic acid derivatives, such as : rhodamin B, indomethacin, naproxen, protocatecuic acid, vanillic acid and p - coumaric acid, which showed inversion in configuration at the ester group at C - 3. In addition, the synthesis of 17 - (4 - chloro - chalconyl)pregnen - 3? - ol has been described, which then treated with various substituted phenylboronic acids such as : 2,4 - difluoro - , 5 - carboxy - 3 - nitrop - ,4 - fluoro, 4 - thiomethyl - , 4 - hydroxy - , 2,4, - dimethoxy - , 4 - trimethylsilyl, 2 - triflouromethyl - , 3 - cyano, 4 - ethoxyphenyl boronic acids under Suzuki cross - coupling reaction conditions using Pd(PPh3)4 as a catalyst and Na2CO3 as a base to give the (E) - 3 - (substituted - [1,1’ - biphenyl] - 4 - yl) - 1 - (3? - hydroxy - pregnen - 17 - yl) - prop - 2 - en - 1 - one. Two compounds, 17 - acetyl - 5 - pregnen - 3? - yl) - 2 - (2,6 - bis(diethylamino) - 9H - xanthen - 9 - yl)benzoate, and 17 - ((E) - 3 - (4 - chlorophenyl)acryloyl) - 5 - pregnen - 3? - yl) - 2 - (2,6 - bis(diethylamino) - 9H - xanthen - 9 - yl)benzoate have been synthesized via coupling reaction using DCC as a coupling reagent to afford these ester with retention in configuration, aiming to study their fluorescence properties. Moreover, tritylation of the pregnenolone has been described to protect the alcohol at C - 3 during the structural modification of keto group at C - 20 under basic medium. The structures of all the synthesized compounds have been assigned from their 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, COSY, NOESY) spectroscopy as well the as theoretical calculations of the HOMO and LUMO energies of the trans and cis isomers of the chalconyl pregnenolone aryl derivatives to compare them with the NMR data, which showed that trans isomer is energetically more favoured.Furthermore, the flourescence proroperties of the two rhodainyl pregnenolone esters have been studies which one show remarkable quantum yield (?F) in comparison to Rhodamin B itself.The anti - HIV activity of some arylated chalconyl pregnenolone derivatives have been studies and one of these analogues having diflouro substituents exhibited remarkable activity against HIV - 1 and 2. Therefore, the molecular modeling study of this analogue is performed and showed two hydrophobic interactions and one hydrogen bonding with the amino acids residues of the reverse transcriptase enzyme of HIV.

تحسين حماية التاكل للمعادن (الخارصين، النحاس، الالمنيوم، الحديد الكربوني والحديد المقاوم للصدا 316) في ماء البحر الصناعي باستخدام الطلاء بالمواد النانوية == Corrosion Protection Enhancement Of; Zn, Cu, Al, Carbon Steel And Stainless Steel 316 In Artificial Seawater By Coating With Nanomaterials

Author name: رائد عبد شاكر محمود
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم محمد علي جبر السامرائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الهدف من هده الدراسة هو تقدير تاثير بعض مشتقات الثياديازول والثيازين الجديدة التحضير على فعالية كل من الانزيمين الكرياتين كاينيز و3 - هيدروكسي - 3 - مثيل كلوتاريل كو - انزيم اي ريدكتيز بالاضافة الى قياس صورة الدهون في مرضى ارتفاع الدهون والفئران المختبرية | The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of some novel prepared derivatives of thiadiazole and thiazine on the activities of creatine kinase (CK) and 3 - hydroxy - 3 - methylglutaryl CoA reductase(HMGR) in addition to lipid profile in sera of hyperlipidemic patients and in mice induced hyperlipidemia by feeding cholesterol rich diet.The study includes two parts; in vitro study : Sixty individuals with age ranged between (40 - 60) years were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups; first group (G1) consists of 30 healthy individuals as a control group with body mass index (BMI) (25.67). The second group (G2)consists of 30 patients with hyperlipidemia and BMI (26.48) which diagnosed by physician. The patients attended the Ibn - Al Naphes hospital during November 2013 to February 2014. Patients with high blood viscosity, diabetes mellitus, renal failure as well as those who are under treatment with statins were excluded. The serum which obtained used in the determination of lipid profile[total cholesterol(Tch),triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein(HDL - c), very low density lipoprotein(VLDL - c)], fasting blood glucose(FBG), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase(ALT) and C - reactive protein(CRP).Four organic compounds 3 - (4 - (dimethylamino) phenyl) - 2,3 - dihydro - 2 - (3 - nitrophenyl benzo[1,3 - e]thiazin - 4 - one[I], 5 - (4 - imethylamino)benzylideneamino) - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole - 2 - thiol[II], 2 - (4 - dimethylamino)phenyl) - 2,3 - dihydro - 3 - (5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazol - 2 - yl)benzo[1,3 - e]thiazin - 4 - one[III], and N - (4 - (dimethyl amino)benzylidene) - 5 - (isopropylthio) - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole - 2 - amine[IV] were used in this study to test their antihyperlipidaemic ability and their effect on CK and HMGR activities. The results revealed that compounds(III and IV)showed an activation effect in all concentrations on CK and HMGR activities, while compounds(I and II) showed an inhibitory effect in some concentrations for CK and in all concentrations for HMGR. Therefore, compounds (III and IV) were excluded from this study. The results showed that (10 - 4M) for compound I and (10 - 5M) for compounds II give the best inhibition percentage among the other concentrations on CK and HMGR activities which the kinetic study throughout with these concentrations for these compounds. Simvastatin, which considered as standard drug for lipid lowering, was used for comparsion with the potency of compounds I and II on HMGR activity in treatment of hyperlipidaemia. The results showed an inhibitory effect of simvastatin on HMGR activity with percentage inhibition 88%. The effect of compounds (I and II) on ALT and AST were examined in (10 - 4 M) for compound I and (10 - 5M) for compound II in vitro study. The results showed the inhibitory effect of compounds I in concentration (10 - 4 M) and compound II in concentration (10 - 5M) on ALT and AST activities.The Vmax, Km and type of inhibition for compounds I and II on CK and HMGR activities were studied by using Lineweaver - Burk plot. The results showed that also compound I at 10 - 4M was considered to be a noncompetitive inhibitor for CK activity with Vmax values (1000 and 344.82)U/L for uninhibited and inhibited enzyme respectively and Km value (10) mmol/L. The results also showed that compound II at concentration 10 - 5M was considered to be a competitive inhibitor for CK activity with Vmax value (588.23)U/L and Km values (5.51 and 4)mmol/L for the uninhibited and inhibited enzyme respectively.In vitro, the effect of compound (I) with concentration (10 - 4M) and compound (II) with concentration (10 - 5M) were examined in vivo study. The study was carried out with sixty male Wister mice aged seven to eight weeks and theirweight were (180 - 200 g) ,obtained from animal house , in College of Medicine, Baghdad University. The mice were grouped as follow : group one (12 mice) as control group, group(2) : consists of 48 mice in which the mice were daily administered cholesterol (25mg/k/day), in coconut oil 6% and creamy cheese for 28 days. Lipid profile were measured for twelve mice chosen randomly from G2 to diagnosis hyperlipidemia. Then group2 is subdivided into three groups as follows : group (2.A) : (12 mice) as positive control group in which the mice were daily administered simvastatin (40mg /day) as standard drug for hyperlipidemia, group 2B : (12 mice) in which the mice were daily treated with (10 - 4)M of compound (I)via drinking water for 20 days and Group(2.C) : (12 mice) in which the mice were daily treated with (10 - 5)M of compound II for 20 days. The results showed significant elevation in levels of Tch, TG, LDL - c and VLDL - c, while there is significant reduction in HDL - c levels in G2 comparing to control group(G1), after administration of fat rich diet. Simvastatin, compound I with concentration (10 - 4M) and compound II with concentration (10 - 5M) were administrated to G2A, G2B and G2C respectively. Also, the results showed that the activities of CK reduced for group G2B and G2C while it is increased for G2A. The results also showed that the activities of HMGR were reduced in the three treated groups. The results revealed that compounds I and II exhibit more potent antihyperlipidaemic effect than simvastatin. Also, compound I showed more potent antihyperlipidaemic effect than compound II.The results revealed that compounds I and II showed a noncompetitive inhibitor effect on CK with Vmax values(1000and 166.6) U/L for uninhibited and inhibited enzyme respectively and Km value (0.6) mmol/L for compound I, and with Vmax vales (1000 and 250)U/L for uninhibited and inhibited enzyme respectively and Km value (0.84) mmol/L for compound II.In conclusion, the novel synthetic compounds (I and II) seem to be of interest in the development of new antihyperlipidaemic agents that exhibit inhibition effect on CK while statins cause increase in this enzyme. Also these compounds exhibit inhibition effect on HMGR activity more than simvastatin, which is a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis.

تحضير ,تشخيص, دراسة فعالية مضادة للاكسدة ومضادة للسرطان لمعقدات الذهب (III) مع مركبات حلقية غير متجانسة == Synthesis ,Characterization ,Antioxidant And Anti - Cancer Activity Studies of Gold (III) Complexes With Heterocyclic Compounds

Author name: اية جمال عبد الحميد
Supervisor name: فراس عبد الله حسن
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: Al-Nahrain University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن موضوع البحث تحضير مركبات حلقيه خماسية وسباعية غير متجانسة متنوعة،من خلال اربعة اجزاء هي : الجزء الاول : - تضمن هذا الجزء تحضير مركبات مشتقات 1, 3, 4 - اوكسادايزول من مركب (ثنائي اثيل مالونيت)، كما موضح بالمخطط (1).الجزء الثاني : - تضمن هذا الجزء تحض | This work involves synthesis of different five, and seven membered heterocyclic rings, and divided into four different parts and the reaction steps for each part are summarized as shown below.First part : This part involved the synthesis of 1,3,4 - Oxadiazoles derived from diethyl malonate.Scheme (1).Second part : This part involved the synthesis of Oxazepine , tetrazoles, and thiazolidinone,from 4,4' - ((((methylenebis(1,3,4 - oxadiazole - 5,2 - diyl))bis(3,1 - phenylene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(N,N - dimethylaniline).(Scheme 2).Third part : This part involved the synthesis of 1,1' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(N - substitutedmethanimine) [C1 - 9] from terephthalaldehyde. (Scheme 3). Fourth part : This part involved the synthesis of 1,3,4 - Oxadiazoles derived from terephthalaldehyde and hydrazone carboxamide.In addition, this part deals with the evaluation of antibacterial activities of some of the synthesized compounds. These activities were determined in vitro using disc diffusion method against four pathogenic strains of bacteria (E.coli a, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Staphylococcus.), the results revealed that some of these compounds showed measurable activity. (Scheme 4).The liquid crystalline behaviors of the two series have been examined by means of hot - stage polarizing microscopy for the determination of phase transition temperatures and the type of mesophases. The prepared compounds are characterized through determining their melting points, colors physical properties) and (FT - IR, 1H - NMR,) spectroscopy, (C.H.N.S, DSC) analysis and checked by T.L.C.

دراسة البلمرة الكهروكيمياوية وخواص حماية التاكل لطلاء متعدد البايرول على الفولاذ الكاربوني والفولاذ المقاوم للصدا == An Investigation of Electropolymerization And Corrosion Protection Properties of Polypyrrole Coating On Carbon Steel And Stainless Steel

Author name: رواء عباس محمد
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم محمد علي جبر السامرائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم تحضير سلسلة من مشتقات 1, 2, 4 - ترايزول بواسطة تفاعلات الغلق ,حضر حامض البنزويك هيدرازايد (1) بواسطة تفاعل مثيل بنزويت مع الهيدرازين ثم تفاعل المركب (1) مع CS2 في محلول كحولي قاعدي ليعطي ملح البوتاسيوم (2). حضر المركب (3) بواسطة غلق ملح البوتاسيوم (2)م | A series of 1,2,4 - triazole derivatives were synthesized by cyclization reaction, the benzoic acid hydrazide (1) was synthesized by reaction of methyl benzoate with hydrazine hydrate then compound (1) was reacted with CS2 in solution of alkali ethanol to give potassium dithiocarbazinate salt (2) , the basic nucleus 4 - amino - 5 - phenyl - 1 - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole - 3 - thiol (3) was prepared by cyclization of potassium salt (2) with hydrazine hydrate using water as solvent under reflux condition. compound (3) was subjected to addition reaction with different aromatic aldehydes to synthesize Schiff bases (4a,b) which were cyclized by treating with thioglycolic acid to prepare compounds (5a,b).compounds (6) and (7) obtained by cyclization reaction of compound (3) with urea and thiourea. Also in this research, 1,3,4 - thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized by cyclization of thiosemicarbazied with substituted carboxylic acid and sulphuric acid, to yield 2 - amino - 5 - R - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole (8). Schiff bases formation (9a,b) were by reflux of aromatic aldehyde with 2 - amino - 5 - R - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole (8) in the presence of absolute ethanol. Compounds (10a,b) were prepared by cyclization reaction of compounds (9a,b) with thioglycolic acid.The Synthesized compound were confirmed by their melting point ,FTIR ,U.V - visible ,1HNMR spectra and evaluated for their antioxidant activity by using stable free radical 1,1 - diphenyl - 2 - picryl - hydrazyl DPPH. of all tested compounds. compound (5b) was the most active in all concentrations compared to standard Ascorbic acid with an IC50 value 5.84 ?g/ml. In this study, the cytotoxic effects for compounds (5a),(5b),(6),(7),(10a),(10b) were studied in one cultured cellular models (MCF7 cell line) breast cancer (at different concentration) compared to doxorubicin as positive control by cell viability assay (MMT assay), compound (5b) showed the highest cytotoxicity effect with an IC50 value =56.98?g/ml.Also, we examine the cytotoxic effects of gold III complex (AuL2) of bi - dentate ligand (5a) in one cultured cellular models (MCF7 cell line) by High Content Screening and analysis (HCS). The inhibitory effect of AuL2 on breast cancer cell growth was due to induction of apoptosis as evidenced by Annexin V staining and cell shrinkage. We found that AuL2 - mediated lead to disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cell membrane permeability, and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol. suggesting (AuL2 ) as a potential MCF7 inhibitor. Thus, we suggest that (AuL2) may have therapeutic value in breast cancer treatment worthy of further development. Bis(2 - (4 - Dimethylamino - phenyl) - 3 - (3 - mercapto - 5 - phenyl - [1,2,4]triazol - 4 - yl) - thiazolidin - 4 - one)gold(III) chloride. monohydrate

التقديرات الطيفية للمركبات الاحادية والمتعددة للادوية == Spectrophotometric Determination For Single And Multi Components of Drugs

Author name: مروه صباح يونس
Supervisor name: خالدة حميد محمد السعيدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Al-Nahrain University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن هذا البحث تحضير مشتقات جديدة لنوعين من قواعد شف هما نوع وكذلك [XI]a - d والبايارازولون [X]a - d ومشتقات البايارازول، [XIII]a - d و[XII]a - d ونوع جميعها تحتوي على وحدةالايزوكزولين او البيرمدين باستعمال الجالكون [VII]a - d الكوينولين - مادة اساسية. | The work involves synthesis of new two types from Schiff bases ([IV]a - f , [V]a - f and [XII]a - d, [XIII]a - d), pyrazoles[X]a - d, pyrazolones[XI]a - d and quinolones [VII]a - d derivatives containing isoxazoline or pyrimidine unit starting with chalcones. 4 - Bromoacetophenone was reacted with 4 - hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4 - hydroxyacetophenone was reacted with 4 - bromobenzaldehyde and 3 - Aminoacetophenone was reacted with 4 - bromobenzaldehyde or 4 - N,N - dimethyl aminobenzaldehyde in basic medium to give four chalcone compounds by Claisen - Schemidt reaction. The chalcons [I]a - d was reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to form isoxazolines [II]a - d, while, the chalcones type [I]c,d was reacted with thiourea to give pyrimidine - 2 - thiones [III]a,b in basic medium. The pyrimidine - 2 - thiones [III]a,b and isoxazolines [II]c,d reacted with 4 - or 3 - substituted benzaldehyde and coumarin to form Schiff bases[IV]a - f [V]a - f and quinoline derivatives[VII]a - d, respectively. On the other hand, compounds[II]a,b or [V]b,f were reacted with ethylchloroacetate in basic medium to get new ester compounds[VIII]a - d.The condensation of new ester[VIII]a - dwith hydrazine hydrate led to produce new acid hydrazide [IX]a - d. The later compound refluxed with 4 - substituted benzaldehyde in ethanol to give Schiff bases( [XII]a - d and [XIII]a - d) ,while the reaction of these acid hydrazides [IX]a - d with acetyl acetone and ethyl aceto acetate led to form pyrazoles[X]a - d and pyrazolones[XI]a - d,respectively. The synthesized compounds were characterized by melting points, C.H.N. analysis, FTIR, Mass and 1HNMR spectroscopy(of some of them). Some of the synthesized compounds have been screened for their antibacterial activities using two types of bacteria; E. Coli and Staph. Aureus. All the examined compounds did not show any biological activity towards E. Coli but some of them show activity towards Staph. Aureus.This work can be summarized by the following schemes :

تقدير التعكرية لفصائل منتخبة باستخدام التشعيع بمصفوفة من ثنائي وصلة باعث وبمتحسسات شمسية بتقنية الحقن الجرياني المستمر : دراسة وتطبيق == Turbidimetric Determination of Some Selected Species Via The Use of Linear Array Light Emitting Diode Irradiation With Solar Cell In Continuous Flow Injection Analysis : Study And Application

Author name: محمد كاظم حمود
Supervisor name: عصام محمد علي شاكر الهاشمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: في هذا البحث تم تقدير المركبات(SMX,TMP,CAF,HYO and PAR) باستخدام المشتقات الطيفية (الاولى , الثانية ,الثالثة والرابعة). على شكل امزجة ثنائية للادوية بواسطة تطبيق التقاطع الصفري كما يلي : 1 - مزيج السلفاميثاكسازول والترايميثوبريم باستخدام المشتقة الاولى و| This research includes determination of drugs SMX, TMP, CAF, HYO and PAR using derivative spectrophotometry (first, second, third and fourth derivative) were developed for binary mixture by applying zero - crossing technique for pure synthetic mixture and their pharmaceutical formulation as follows : 1. SMX with TMP mixture : SMX was determined by applying 1D&4D teach s at 288.0 and 257.8 nm (zero crossing point of TMP) with linear concentration ranges (2 - 30) and (2 - 25) mg/L , r = 0.9996 and r = 0.9992 LOD = 0.750 and LOD = 0.360 mg/L and TMP was determined by applying 4D teach at 251.5 nm (zero crossing point of SMX) with concentration range (2 - 30) mg/L , r = 0.9995 and LOD = 0.382mg/L. The RSD were 0.255, 0.280 and 1.136 for SMX and TMP respectively and applied for (TRIMOL - 400SMX, 80TMP mg) and (METHOPRIM - 400SMX,80TMP mg).2. PAR with CAF mixture : PAR was determined by applying 3D teach at 275.8 nm (zero crossing point of CAF).With linear concentration range (2 - 35) mg/L , r = 0.9987and LOD=0.445mg/L. And CAF was determined by applying 4D teach at 294.7 nm (zero crossing point of PAR). With linear concentration range (2 - 35) mg/L , r = 0.9995 and LOD = 0.162 mg/L. The RSD was 0.222 for PAR and 0.130 for CAF and applied for (PANADOL EXTRA - 500PAR, 65CAF mg).3. PAR with HYO mixture : PAR was determined by applying 1D&2D teach s at 297.4 and 303.5 nm (zero crossing point of HYO) with linear concentration ranges (2 - 30) and (2 - 30) mg/L , r = 0.9998 and r = 0.9987 LOD = 0.081 and LOD = 0.250 mg/L and HYO was determined by applying 1D teach at 215.9 nm (zero crossing point of PAR) with concentration range (2 - 25) mg/L , r = 0.9997 and LOD = 0.091mg/L. The RSD were 0.107, 0.400 and 0.342 for PAR and HYO respectively and applied for (SPAZMOTEK PLUS - 500PAR,10HYO mg). This thesis has mainly been structured in three different chapters, each one containing the following information : Chapter one provides a short historical review with the analytical performance characteristics of UV - visible are described. The applications of UV and DS in pharmaceutical and SMX, TMP, CAF, HYO and PAR analyses and their mixture.the general and specific objectives of thesis are reported. Chapter two corresponds to the experimental part. Reagents, instruments, procedures and detail protocols for the preparation of standard solution and pharmaceutical sample which used in this study are reported.Chapter three contains the experimental results and discussion that lead to the possibility of successful applications which used DS to determine the concentration of each material in drugs.

نمط جديد للتحليل بالحقن الجرياني المستمر باستخدام نظام تشعيع متعدد القنوات مرتبة بهيئة مصفوفة خطية واثنان من الخلايا الشمسية لقياس التعكرية لتقدير الفصائل التحليلية ذات الاهمية : دراسة وتطبيق == New Mode of Cfi Analysis Using Multiple Channel Irradiation System In A Linear Array Arrangement With Twin Solar Cells For Turbidimetric Determination of Analytically Interesting Species : Study & Application

Author name: عمر اياد ياسين القيسي
Supervisor name: نغم شاكر تركي العوادي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الفصل الاول : يشمل الفصل الاول مقدمة عن تفاعلات الترسيب، مبادئها، ميكانيكية تكوين الرواسب، انواع الرواسب. وكما يتضمن الفصل الاول مقدمة عن الضوء والنظرية الكهرومغناطسية، وتداخل الضوء مع المادة (الانعكاس، الانكسار، النفاذية، الامتصاص). ناقش الفصل الاول بشكل

تحضير وتشخيص ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية المحتمله لبعض مشتقات 5,4 - ثنائي فنيل ايميدازول == Synthesis, Characterization And Study of The Potential Biological Activity of Some - 4,5 - Di Phenyl Imidazole Derivatives

Author name: منار غياث عبد المطلب الموسوي
Supervisor name: حسن ثامر غانم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: برزت اهمية مركبات الثاياديازول لما لها من فعالية بايولوجية وتطبيقات دوائية، ونظرا لاهمية الازو صناعيا وبايولوجيا لذا تم تحضير مشتقات ازو للثايادايازولات باستخدام المشتق 2 - amino - 5 - thiol - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole كاساس في هذا البحث وكما ياتي : 1 - تحضير ا | Recently, the signifificance of thiadiazole compounds appeared form their biological activity and medical applications therefore.Azo thiadiazole derivatives were prepared by using 2 - amino - 5 - thiol - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole as starting material in this research.1. Preparation of (A1) 2 - amino - 5 - thiol - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole through ring cyclization thiosemicarbazide in the presence of anhydrous sodium carbonate and CS2.[A1]2. Preparation of diazonium salt (A2) by reaction of compounds (A1) with sodium nitrate and hydrochioric acid at low temperature(0 - 50C) with stirring. [A2]3. Preparation of new azo compounds[A3 - A15] by the reaction diazonium salt [A2] with different aromatic compounds. [A3 - A15]4. Schiff bases [A16 - A23] have been prepared from the reaations of azo compounds [A3 - A5] with different aromatic aldehydes.[A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21, A22, A23]5. Preparation of new thio ester derivatives[A24, A25, A27] by reaction of azo compounds [A6, A7, A8] with acetyl chloride in the presence of pyridine. [A24, A25, A27] 6. Preparation of new thio ester derivatives [A26, A28] by reaction of azo compounds [A8, A9] with 2 - chloro benzoyl chloride in the presence of pyridine. [A26, A28]7. Preparation of new thio ether derivatives [A29, A30] by alkylation of azo compounds [A11] with bromo butane and bromo pentane in the presence of NaOH. [A29, A30]8.Melting boints of all prepared compounds have been measured and some of physical properties were studied lnddition, the structure eluciclation of a bove compound was carried out by using some spectroscopic methods (F.T.I.R and UV).

تحضير وتشخيص بعض المشتقات البوليمرية الجديدة للبولي فاينايل الكحول == Synthesis And Identification of Some New Polymeric Derivatives of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)

Author name: باسل محمد احمد حيود الجميلي
Supervisor name: احمد عبد الحسن احمد الكاظمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذة الدراسة تحضير مركبات مختلفة لل 5,4 - ثنائي فنيل ايميدازول من خلال خطوات كثيرة : شملت الخطوه الاولى من البحث تحضير مركب الازو ايميدازول (H) وذلك عن طريق تفاعل الازدواج لل 5,4 - ثنائي فنيل ايميدازول مع املاح الديازونيوم 4 - امينو اسيتوفينون.اما ا | This study deals with the synthesis of new different compounds of 4,5 - di phenyl imidazole via many steps : The first part of this study includes synthesis of azo compounds of 4,5 - di phenyl imidazole by coupling reaction of 4,5 - di phenyl imidazole with Diazonium salts then of 4 - aminoacetophenone. The second part includes synthesis of new azo - chalcone derivatives (H1 - H4)by react on(H) coumpound with different derivatives of benzaldehyde.The third part includes the synthesis of oxazine compounds (H5 - H7) by reaction of (H1,H2,H3)respectively compounds with urea.The fourth part includes synthesis of Schiff base(H8 - H13) by the reaction of the compound(H) with different derivatives of aniline.The fifth part of includes synthesis of oxazepine derivatives(H14 - H21) from reaction of Schiff bases (H8 - H13)with phthalic anhydride and (H9,H10)with maleic anhydride,and synthesis of titrazoles derivatives (H22)from reaction of Schiff base(H12) with Sodium azid (NaN3).The final part of this research includes the biological activity study of some prepared compounds and showes that there is inhibitory activity against fungul.The chemical reaction are checked by using (T.L.C) Technique, all the prepared compounds were characterized by using FT - IR and (¹H - NMR) and (C.H.N) for some of these compounds , and these identification studies approved the correctness of structures for the prepared derivatives.The following schemes explains the stages of reactions for the prepared compounds

دراسة مستويات الفا ـ ل ـ فيوكوز وبعض الدوال الكيموحيوية في مصول دم النساء اللواتي عانين من الاجهاض المفرد للثلث الثاني من الحمل == Study of The Level ? - L - Fucose And Some Biochemical Parameters In Seram of Single Abortion At The Second Trimester of Pregnancy

Author name: فؤاد احمد عمر
Supervisor name: صباح حسين خورشيد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن البحث اجـراء بعض التحويرات الكيميائيـة الجديدة للبولي(فاينايل الكحول) وتضمنت التفاعلات تحوير مجموعة الهيدروكسيل الى مجموعة الزانثيت للحصول علـى ملح زانثيت الصوديوم البوليمري , وقد استخدم هذا الملح للتفاعل مع كل من : - 1 - اورثو كلورو بنزيل كلورايد و| This research includes some new chemical modifications which have been done on Poly(vinyl alcohol) through the hydroxyl group which has been converted to xanthate group to obtain the polymeric sodium xanthate salt and the later has been used for the reaction with the followings : 1 - O - chlorobenzyl chloride and 1,3 - Dibromopropane to get xanthate esters also the xanthate salt was reacted with ammonium chloride to form the polymeric ammonium xanthate salt.2 - The reaction with iodine to form the polymeric crosslinked Dixanthate.3 - The reaction with diazonium salts prepared from aniline , P - nitro aniline , benzidine , 4,4 - methylene dianiline to form the diazoxanthate polymers. 4 - The reaction with some transition metal ions such as (Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+) to form some polymeric complexes.The other part of the work includes the oxidation of Poly (vinyl alcohol) to get the oxidized form Poly(oxomethylene) which was reacted with hydrazines to prepare polymeric hydrazones and azine and also gallic acid has been used to esterify the poly(vinyl alcohol) to get poly(vinyl gallate) and phosphorus pentachloride to prepare polymeric trialkyl phosphate.Finally a thermal elimination experiment has been done on one of the polymeric xanthate ester to yield polyene.The polymeric products have been identified spectroscopically using the IR and UV technique , one of the products has been identified by NMR technique and some of the polymeric products have been analyzed for (C.H.N.S.) and also the magnetic susceptibility of some complexes have been measured.

تحضير عدد من المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة المشتقة من 2 - امينو - 6 - بروموبنزوثايازول وتقييم تاثيرها البيولوجي == Synthesis of Some Heterocyclic Compounds Derived From 2 - Amino - 6 - Bromobenzothiazole And Evaluation Their Biological Activity

Author name: خالد عبد العزيز عطية البدراني
Supervisor name: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي | احمد خضر احمد الخياط
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد الدوال المدروسة مع عينات عمرية لنساء مصابات بالاجهاض للثلث االثاني من الحمل ومستويات تركيزالفيوكوز الكلي Total fucose (TF), والفيوكوز المرتبط بالبروتين protein bound fucose (PBF), والسكريات السداسية المرتبطة بالبروتين (PBH) protei | The study was done to determine the relationship between the causes of abortion in women during the second trimester of pregnancy and total fucose (TF) level , protein bound fucose (PBF) , protein bound hexose (PBHex) and other biochemical parameter , which include : thyroid gland hormones ( T3, T4 ,TSH ) and testosterone , progesterone and Prolactin as well as the estimation of the levels of cholesterol , triglyceride , high density lipoprotein( HDL) , low density lipoprotein ( LDL) , and very low density lipoprotein( VLDL) Samples of ( 53) patientshave been collected from Azadi hospital and General Kirkuk hospital who have suffered from abortion where the agesranged between ( 16 - 45) years divided into three age groups first age group( 15 - 24) years & second age group( 25 - 34) years & third age group( 35 - 44) years. also the studyincluded (40) healthy persons at same age groups regarded as control groups1. Significant increase in the levels of (TF & PBF ) and Significantdecrease in the levels of (PBHex in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women2. Significant increase in thyroid hormone (T3) for the first & third age group, and there is no significant difference for the second age group in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. Significant increase in thyroid hormone (T4) for the first & third age group, and Significant decrease for the second age group in aborted womencompared with non - pregnant women. Significant decrease for the first & third age group and Significant increase for the second age group in thyroid hormone (TSH) in aborted women compared withnon - pregnant women.3. Significant increase in Testosterone hormone level For all age Groups in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women And Significant decrease in progesterone hormone level For all age Groups in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. 4. Significant increase in Prolactin level in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women.5. Significant decrease in( cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL) level in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. 6. Significant increase in the levels of ( HDL ) for the first age group, and there is no significant difference for the second& third age group in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women.

تحضير وتشخيص مركبات غير متجانسة حلقية متعددة من مشتقات الازو اوقواعد شف == Synthesi And Identifecation of Heterocyclic Multiple Ring Compounds of Azo Derivatives And Schiff Bases

Author name: ولاء فاضل عبد ضفير
Supervisor name: فائز عبد الحسين عبد الرماحي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تتضمن هذه الرسالة تحضير وتشخيص عدد من معقدات البلاديوم (??) والبلاتين (II) مع مزيج من ليكاندات الثايويوريا او الحلقات غير المتجانسة الحاوية على الامين مع السكارين او الثايوسكارين. وحضرت معقدات من النوع [M(L)2] حيث ان : M = Pd (??) , Pt (??) , L = PTUH ( | Work in this thesis includes synthesis and characterization of some palladium(??) and Platinum(II) mixed ligand complexes of thiourea or hetrocyclic amine and saccharin or thiosaccharine.Complexes of the type [M(L)2] were prepared, {M= Pd(??) , Pt(II) , L= PTUH}where : (PTUH) = {N - Pheny1 - N - (2 - thiazoyl)thiourea} by treatment of the appropriate ligand with Na2PdCl4 or K2PtCl4 to give square planer complexes, in which thiourea anoin ligand behave as a bidentate coordinate to metal through the S atom of thioamide group and the nitrogen atom of thiozolComplexes of the type trans - [MCl2(L)2] L =ABI , AT , M = Pd(?? ) , Pt(??)ABI = 2 - amino Benzimidazol وAT = 2 - aminothiazolwere prepared by treatment of the appropriate ligand with Na2PdCl4 or K2PtCl4 to give square planer complexes , in which benzimidazol and thiazol behave as monodentate coordinate to Pd(??) metal through the N atom while the Palladium thiazol complex showed two isomer the N and S - bonded isomer.Palladium (??) or Pt(II) complexes of the type trans - [Pd(sac)2(L)2] were prepared by treatment of trans - [PdCl2(L)2] with Nasac. Sac anion ligand behaves as a monodentate coordinate to Pd (??) metal through the N atom.Thiosaccharinate complexes of the type trans - [Pd(tsac)2(L)2] (L=ABI, AT) were prepared in which (L) behaves as a monodentate which coordinate to Pd(??) metal through the cyclic N atom while the thiosaccharin anion behaves as a monodentate ligand coordinated to palladium metal through the sulfur atom. The PTUH ligand was characterized by infrared spectra and (1H n.m.r).The prepared complexes were characterized by molar conductances, Elemental analysis, Infrared spectra, 1H n.m.r data also the structure of trans - [Pd(PTU)2] and cis - [Pt(PTU)2] were determined by single crystal x - ray diffraction.The complex trans - [Pd (PTU)2] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group p 21/c with a= 12.510(17) ? , ? = 5.6963 ?, C=15.322(2) ? ?=90° , ?=90.066(17) ° , ?=90° and Z=2 Molecules per unit Cell. The complex cis - [Pt(PTU)] crystallizes in orthorhombic space group with a=7.3021(5) ?, b=11.8025 (9) ?, C=25.6282(19) ?, ?=90 ?, ?=90(17) °, ?=90 and Z=4 Molecules per unit Cell.

تحضير ودراسة السلوك البلوري السائل ل الفا - بيتا (4 - n - الكوكسي - 6,5,3,2 - رباعي مثيل - 4? - اوكسي - ازوبنزين) ايثان == Preparation And Study The Behavior of The Liquid Crystalline ? - ? (4 - N - Alkoxy - 2,3,5,6 - Tetra Methyl - 4 - Oxy - Azobenzene) Ethan

Author name: نور محمود عبد الحسين التميمي
Supervisor name: ساجدة هادي رضا
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذة الدراسة تحضير مشتقات حلقية غير متجانسة مثل 2 - امينو - 4 - فنيل ثيازول(2 - Amino - 4 - phenyl thiazol)، والاوكسازبين(Oxazepine)، والتريازول(triazol)، والاميدازوليدين(Imidazolidine). ابتداءا من (2 - Amino thiazol) و(Acetophenon) كمركبات اساس | This Study include synthesis of some heterocyclic derivatives such as (2 - amino - 4 - phenyl thiazol) , (oxazepine) ,(tetrazole) and (Imidazolidine) ,starting from (2 - amino thiazol) and (acetophenon) This Work is divided in to three Parts : Part one : Include Foure StepsThe first step include synthesis of 2 - amino - 4 - phenyl thiazol from (acetophenon),(thiourea ),(Iodine) ,while second step repersents the formation of Azo derivatives of (2 - amino - 4 - phenyl thiazol) ,while third step includes the formation of schiff base derivatives through reaction of azo compound with (3 - hydroxybenzaldehyde) The fourth step includes the reaction of prepared shiff base with compound (? - alanine) These steps are explain in diagram (1)Diagram No.1Part two : Includes two stepsFirst step includes the formation of schiff base derivatives of (2 - amino thiazol) through reaction of (2 - amino thiazol) with several compound , while second step includes reaction of several compounds with prepared schiff base to formate five and seven ring Theses steps are explain in diagram(2) Diagram No.(2)Part Three : Includes two stepsThe first step includes reaction of (acetylaceton) and (isatine) with (2 - amino thiazol) to formate new schiff base , while second step includes reaction several compound with prepared schiff base to formate five and seven ring.These steps are explain in Digram (3) Diagram No.3The sequence of reaction steps are followed up by (TLC) technique , and by busing solvents (methanol and benzene(1 : 4)) and ethyl acetate.All compounds are identified by (FT : IR) ,and some compounds by H1 - NMR and (C.H.N.S)

تحضير الكاشفين DPIDBSA وMBDPI واستعمالهما في الدراسة التحليلية للايونات Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) بالطرق الطيفية == The Preparation And Use of The Two Reagents DPIDBSA And MBDPI In An Analytical Study of Ions Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) By Spectroscopic Methods

Author name: زينب جاسم خضير الربيعي
Supervisor name: سامي وحيد راضي الحسناوي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تم تحضير مركبات دايمرات ازوبلورية سائلة بالصيغة الاتية : no.on n = 2 - 7و تشخيصها بالطراق الطيفية المتمثلة بطيف الاشعه تحت الحمراء وطيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي للبروتون بالاضافة الى التحليل العنصر الدقيق وقد تبين من خلال التحليل الطيفي والتحليل العنصري | A new series of liquid crystal compound has been synthesized : no.on n=2 - 7 The identification of this new series had been done by IR and HNMR spectra in addition to C.H.N analysis. By using a hot stage polarizing microscope, it was found that the members n=2,3 show pure nematic phase and members n=4 - 7 show smectice (sc ) in addition to nematic phase. The effect of the number of carbon atoms on the side chains of the these compounds with TN - I shows odd - even effect transition temperatures was recognized. The TN - Sc show odd - even odd effect. The brodeniris groups (CH3) in terminal benzene rings decrease the transition temperature and has less effect on dimenshing the liquid crystalline properties than the monomers.

تحضير وتشخيص معقدات بعض العناصر الانتقالية مع ليكاندات نتروجينية ودراسة فعاليتها الحيوية == Preparation And Identification Complexes of Some Transition Metales With Nitrogeneus Ligands And Study Its Biological Activity

Author name: علي ابراهيم علي بكر الجبوري
Supervisor name: نهلة عبد الحميد عبد الجبار
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن البحث تحضير كاشفين جديدين هما الكاشف 3 - ((4,5 - diphenyl imidazole) diazenyl) benzene sulfonic acid ويرمز له (DPIDBSA) والكاشـــف2 - ((3 - methoxy phenyl) diazenyl) - 4,5 - diphenyl imidazole ويرمز له (MBDPI) وذلــــك من مفاعلة ملـح الديازونيـوم ل | This thesis included the preparation of the two new reagents 3 - ((4,5 - diphenyl imidazole) diazenyl) benzene sulfonic acid (DPIDBSA) and 2 - ((3 - methoxy phenyl) diazenyl) - 4,5 - diphenyl imidazole (MBDPI) by reacting adiazonium salt solution of (3 - aminobenzene sulfonic acid) and (3 - methoxyaniline) with (4,5 - diphenyl imidazole) in alkaline ethanoic Solution.The identity of these reagents have been characterized by spectral methods such as(UV - Vis) , FTIR , another physical properties (m.p.) and elemental analysis.The ionization constant of the reagent (DPIDBSA) was determine using spectroscopic method , the pKa was equal to 9.9.Six chelating complexes of the above reagents were synthesized with metal ions) Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+). The two wavelength of maximum absorption for the two reagents were found (422nm) and (416nm) respectively in ethanol and for the complexes formed between these ions with these reagents were found at (476, 492, 504nm) and (455, 458, 496nm) for cobalt(II) , nickel(II) and copper(II) respectively in aqueous medium.It has been prepared after fixing the optimum condition of concentration and acidity function, through the study of UV - Vis spectrum for reacting of metal solution and two reagents solution. For wide range of pH (5 - 11) and concentration which obey to Beer - Lambert Law.The structures were determine according to the mole ratio method and continuous variation method which is obtained from the spectroscopic studies of the complex solutions. The ratios of (metal : reagent) are equal to (1 : 2) for all the complexes ions.The stability of complexes in the solutions was also studied at the optimum conditions.Diagnosis the solid prepared complexes by UV - Vis spectrum in ethanol solution showed high chromic shift from as compared with free reagents in visible region to all the complexes prepared.Micro elemental analysis for all the complexes were prepared and the percentage of Co(II) and Cu(II) were determined , using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, it was noticed a great accord between theoretical and particle ratio.The infrared spectrum of chelating complexes also studied and it's compared with the two reagents spectrum. They give notice change with free two reagents spectrum. These showed new bands that were not found original in two reagents spectra but other bands have been changed in shape, in trinity and location. This may indicate that a coordination between the metal ions and the two reagents prepared.The Conductivity measurements for solutions at (1×10 - 3M) in ethanol solution have shown non - ionic character for all chelate complexes.From the above observations, it's suggested stereo shapes for complexes, that show the two reagents (DPIDBSA) and (MBDPI) behave as bidentit reagent, we can conclude that the proposed geometrical structure of all chelate complexes are octahedral.The study also included using spectrum method for determination stability constant of complexes in the thermal rang (25 - 45C?) for complexes with reagent (DPIDBSA) while the thermal rang was (10 - 30 C?) for complexes with reagent (MBDPI), and calculating ?G , ?H and ?S for complexes.The bacterial activity of the ligand and it's complexes were studied toward two type of bacteria : 1 - Pseudomonas. aurginosa 2 - StaphylloCoccus. aureusThe complex of Ni(II) with reagent (DPIDBSA) and the complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with reagent (MBDPI) and metal ions solution showed high bacterial activity on Pseudomonas. aurginosa while the solution of two reagents and all chelate complexes prepared also the aqueous solution of metal ions don't showed any activity toward the two type of bacteria (StaphylloCoccus. aureus) (G+ve).

دراسة بعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية على مرضى ضغط الدم

Author name: منال عدنان ابراهيم
Supervisor name: نزار احمد ناجي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن البحث تحضير مشتقات جديدة للقاعدة النتروجينية البيورينية (ثيوفلين) باضافة مجموعة ازو (Azo group) الى هذه القاعدة حيث تتصل بالطرف الاخر لمجموعة الازو الحلقية حلقة بنزين معوضة بمجاميع مختلفة مثل (SO3H , Br , NO2) وقد حضرت اربعة مشتقات للثيوفيلين1 - SA | This study include synthesis of new derivatives of nitrogen bases purin (theophylline) by adding azo group to these Bases where connecting in the other terminal with Banzen ring substituted by different group like (NO3, Br,...) Four derivatives of the theophylline where these are SAT , BAT , 4NAT , 3NAT these derivatives were used as ligand because of is abitity to from helating complex , these derivatives were reacted with eight metal ions these are (Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, La3+, Ce3+) these complex were characterized by many methods as molarratio, measuring of electrical conductivity electronic spectra , which helped us to find the chemical structure of those complex this study also found that ratio of ligand metal was 2 : 1 this study also include the study of biological effect for these ligand and complexes on four deferent pathogenic species (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus viridans ) ,(protens vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa ) the two first species are gram positive while the other are gram negative , finally (by using disk diffusion method) it was found that these compounds show different activity of inhibition on other growth of the Becteria.

استخدام تقنية كروماتوغرافيا الغاز باستعمال اطوار سائلة ثابتة لدراسة كفاءة فصل بعض مركبات الازو المشتقة من الباراكريزول == Use Gas - Chromatography Technique By Using Stationary Liquid Phases For Study of Separation Efficiency For Some Azo Compounds Derivative From P - Cresol

Author name: وداد ابراهيم يحيى خزاعل
Supervisor name: قاسم كاظم الاسدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: حضر كاشفين عضويين جديدين هما2 - [3 - Acyl methyl phenyl )azo] - 4,5 - diphenyl imidazol (3 - AMePADPI) 1 - [(2 - Pyridyl azo)] - 2 - naphthol (PAN) وقد استخدما في فصل واستخلاص والتقدير الطيفي لعناصر النحاس(II)، النيكل(II)والبلاديوم(II) على هيئة ايونات موج | Synthesized two organic reagent was 2 - [(3 - Acyl methyl phenyl)azo] - 4,5 diphenyl imidazole (3 - AMePADPI) and 1 - [(2 - pyridyl azo)] - 2 - naphthol (PAN), which is used for separation , extraction and spectrophotometric determination Copper(II) ,Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) as Cations according to solvent extraction method ,dependence on measurement absorbance of ion pair complex extracted at ?max as well Calculation distribution ratio (D). This Study include limitation of optimum conditions for Complex formation and extraction such as pHex. and the experimental shows optimum pH for extraction Copper(II) with (3 - AMePADP) (pHex=8) and (pHex=9) with (PAN) but for Nickel was(pHex=11) with both organic reagent as well (pHex=9) for palladium (II) with both organic reagents. The study about metal ions concentration effect on extraction methods demonstrate 40µg Cu2+ suitable concentration giving higher absorbance for ion pair complex extracted to organic phase and higher distribution ratio (D) with both organic reagent , also for Nickel(II) was 80µg Ni2+ with (3 - AMePADP) and 50µg Ni2+ with (PAN) , but for palladium(II) was 20µg Pd2+ with(3 - AMePADPI) and 15µg Pd2+ with (PAN). Kinetic energy has important role in extraction. method according to Solvent extraction , and this study show effect shaking time of two immiscible phase on qualification `of extracted and illustrate 15 min was suitable shaking time for Copper(II) and Nickel(II) with both organic reagent and 5 min for palladium(II) with both organic reagent to obtaining higher absorbance of ion pair complex extracted to organic phase and distribution ratio (D). Organic solvent effect study appear there is not any linear relation between dielectric constant (?) of organic solvents and distribution ratio (D) that’s is mean there is not any effect for polity of organic solvent on extraction method but there is an effect for organic solvent structure which is participate in the structure of ion pair complex extracted by formation ,Tight ion pair or loose ion pair as well experiment result illustrate dichloro methane organic solvent (DCM) was the best organic solvent in extraction Copper(II) ,Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) by organic reagent (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN. Study about determination more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted (stoichiometry ) by performance four spectrophotometric method for extraction Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ by (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN under optimum conditions and all experiment show the structure of ion pair complex extracted was (1 : 1) (metal : ligad) [Cu(3 - AMePADPI)]2+SO42 - . , [Cu(PAN)]+HSO4 - .[Ni(PAN)]+Cl - . [Ni(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - . [Pd(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - . , [Pd(PAN)]+Cl - . Declination of distribution ratio (D) frequently by reason of the organic reagent not gratify the coordination shell of metal ion and in this case water molecule participate to saturate the coordination shell and increase partition the complex to aqueous phase and increase dissociation of complex and decrease distribution ratio(D) as well probable to formation ion pair complex in structure of [M(L)]n+(OH) where M=Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ and L = (3 - AMePADPI) or PAN this complex favorite partition to aqueous phase and decrease distribution ratio. Thermodynamic study include Temperature effect on extraction efficiency the experimental results demonstrate the reaction was exothermic for Copper(II) with both organic reagent (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN but the Complextion reaction of Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) with organic reagent (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN endothermic reaction , after calculation thermodynamic data ?Hex , ?Gex , ?Sex show entropy values was high that is mean complexation reaction is entropic in region. The study about Interferences effect on extraction method of Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ by (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN to clarify metal cations of first group in periodic table Li+ , Na+ and K+ giving enhancement in distribution ratio in arranging Li+ >Na+>K+ by reason of high affinity of these ions to water and the thickness hydration shell increase with diameter decrease , this properties these ions being to contribute to destroy hydration shell of Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ and increase chances of association with organic reagent and increase distribution ratio (D) , but metal cations of second group in periodic table Mg2+ , Ca2+ has more charge density than metal cation of first group and has less thickness in hydration shell and the effective behavior on extraction method was less , but anions able to participate in electrostatic combination with cation complex and giving different effects by differ in molar volume , stereo structure and charge density. The study about synergism by used tributyl phosphate (TBP) and Methyl iso butyl Ketone (MBK) in the extraction the experimental results shows TBP and MIBK giving enhancement in distribution ratio (D) by participate molecular of these solvents in the structure of ion pair complex extracted install f water molecular in coordination shell of metal cation as well as the results show there is one molecular of TBP or MIBK participate in ion pair complex extraction [Cu(MIBK)(PAN)]+HSO - 4 , [Cu(MIBK)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+SO42 - [Cu(TBP)(PAN)]+HSO - 4 , [Cu(TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+SO42 - [ Ni (MIBK)(PAN) ]+Cl - , [ Ni (TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+ 2Cl - [ Ni (MIBK)(PAN) ]+Cl - , [ Ni (TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+ 2Cl - [Pd(MIBK)(PAN)]+Cl - , [ Pd(MIBK)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - [Pd(TBP)(PAN)]+Cl - , [ Pd(TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - The study about of effect of ethanol in aqueous solution on extraction method of metal in aqueous solution on extraction method of metal cation Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ by (3AMePADPI) and PAN the results show foundation of ethanol in aqueous solution with metal cations giving increase in distribution ratio and this increasing continue until reached optimum concentration of ethanol after this value distribution ratio (D) decrease. This study include used organic reagent (3AMePADPI) and PAN for spectrophotometric determination of Copper(II) ,Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) in different environmental and vital samples.

تحضير وتشخيص مركبات خماسية وسباعية غير متجانسة الحلقة لمشتقات الامينو بنزوثيازول == Synthesis And Identification of Five And Seven Membered Ring Heterocyclic Compounds of Amino Benzothiazole Derivatives

Author name: علي فتاح ناصر الحسيني
Supervisor name: فائز عبد الحسين عبد الرماحي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن الجزء الاول من البحث تحضير اربعة كواشف عضوية جديدة هي مشتقات ازو لمركب الباراكريزول وقد تم تشخيص الكواشف المحضرة من خلال اطياف الاشعة فوق البنفسجية - المرئية (UV - Vis) فضلا عن قياس اطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء IR)) وتم اجراء قياسات نسب العناصر الدقيق ( | The first part of this study included perpetrating four new organic reagents which are derivatives of P - cresol. Its identification was done by UV - Vis spectrophotometer, IR and C. H. N. Depending on the results, we found the correspondence between the theoretical calculation and the experimental ones with a way to suggest the final structures of the prepared reagents. The purity of these reagents was tested through thin layer chromatography.The prepared reagents are : 1. 2[(4 - Methyl phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (MePAMP)2. 2[(4 - Chloro phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (CPAMP)3. 2[(4 - Methoxy phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (OMePAMP)4. 2[(4 - Nitro phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (NPAMP)The second part deals with the study of chromatographic behavior of organic prepared reagents dissolved in ethanol according to gas chromatography on stationary liquid phases as capillary columns with different polarities as zebron (FFAT) which is characterized with high polarity, silica fused (BP10) with a medium polarity and poly phenyl siloxine (OV - 5) that appears with low polarity.Gas chromatography was equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and the nitrogen as carrier gas with flow rate 30cm3min - 1 at different column temperatures ranged 100C increments depending on columns maximum operation temperature, column inlet temperature and detector temperature were higher than the separation column (25,50) 0C respectively.This investigation attempts to find the optimum conditions for the sequential separation were defined for the azo compounds of all capillary columns such as injection, applied pressure inlet of column, gas flow rate as well as the conditions of the efficient separation.The order of elution and resolution of compounds on various stationary liquid phases were normal chromatographic behavior which is decrease in specific retention volumes with increase of column temperature through the relationship between logarithm of specific retention volume for the studied compounds against reciprocal of absolute column temperature which is observed generally linear relation for all compounds on different liquid phases by using (Clausius - Clapeyron) , then calculate the thermodynamic parameters ?H0 , ?S0 and ?G from the slope and intercept respectively the negative values of partial molar enthalpy ?H0 of solutions indicate to highest interaction between liquid phases and separated compounds. The results show that the zebron (FFAT) consider the high negative value of ?H and the reaction was exothermic, on other hand the highest negative value of ?s means less random of solutes on some liquid phase , so it was more selective towards to prepared azo derivatives of p - cresol. Also calculated separation factor (RS),number of theoretical plate (N), equivalent highest of one theoretical plate (HETP) respectively for mixture of studied compounds on various liquid phases.The precision and accuracy of the prepared organic reagent (MePAMP) from 0.06% to 1.44% for (CPAMP) from 0.91% to 1.5%, (OMePAMP) from 0.03% to 1.42% and finally for (NPAMP) from 0.06% to 1.6%

تاثير العكبر العراقي على مجاميع النتروجين الفعالة (RNS) لدى الجرذان المصابة باعتلال الكلى السكري == The Effect of Iraqi Propolis On Nitrogen Reactive Species In Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

Author name: امنة ناظم زغير العمري
Supervisor name: فردوس عباس جابر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة تحضير مشتقات حلقية غير متجانسة مثل الامينوبنزوثايازول(aminobenzothiazole) والبايرازول (pyrazole)، والاكسازيبيــــن (oxazipine) , والايميدازوليدين (Imidazolidine) ابتداء من (4 - amino acetophenone) (A0) و(benzidine) (B0) والمركب(2 - ami | This study includes synthsis of new heterocyclic derivatives such as (Thiazole), (Pyrazole), (Oxazipine), and (Imidazolidine), starting from (4 - amino acetophenone) (A0), (benzidine)(B0) and (2 - amino benzothiazole (C).This work is divided into three parts : Part one : Includes synthesis 2 - aminobenzothiazole derivatives (A) and (B) from (4 - amino benzothiazole) (A0) and (benzidine) (B0) respectively ,as starting materials. These steps are explained in diagram (1).diagram (1)Part two : includes two stepsThis part includes two steps : - The first step includes the formation of Schiff bases derivatives for 2 - amino benzothiazole derivatives (A) and (C).While the second step includes synthesis seven 1,3 Oxazpine rings derivatives by reaction with (phathalic anhydride).In addition to, synthesis (Imidazolidine) derivative (A11) from the reaction with ? - Alanine. These steps are explained in diagrams (2) and (3).diagram (2) diagram (3)Part three : includes two steps The first step includes preparation Azo derivative (A12) by reaction of (acetyl acetone) with the compound (A) (6 - acetyl - 2 - amino benzothiazole) , then (A12) was entered the reaction of cycliczation with hydrazine hydrate or their derivatives to formate various five pyrazole rings derivatives. These steps are explained in diagram (4).diagram (4)The Sequence of reactions steps are followed up by (TLC) technique, and by using solvents (methanol or acetic acid and benzene ( 1 : 4 )). All compounds are identified by (FT - IR) ,and some compounds by 1H - NMR and (C.H.N.S).

دراسة فيزيائية لتشخيص سطح البوكسايت والبوكسايت المعدل لامتزاز مادة التتراسيكلين عليهما عند درجات حرارة مختلفة == Physical Study of Bauxite And Modified Bauxite Surfaces Identification For Tetracycline Adsorption On Them At Different Temperatures

Author name: اسراء محمد راضي
Supervisor name: تقي الدين عبد الهادي حمدان
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن البحث تحضير وتشخيص استرات وبوليمرات مختلفة جديدة عن طريق تحضير مركبات الكيلية اوروماتية حاملة لمجاميع الهيدروكسيل عن طريق مفاعلة الكليسيرول مع (الريسورسينول , الكاتيكول , الهايدروكوينون ) بشكل منفصل.تم اجراء دراسة نظرية لنواتج الالكلة وبعض نواتج ال | This research includes the synthesis and Identification of new esters and polymers via new alkyl Aromatic containing hydroxyl groups. These compounds was prepared by reacting of glycerol with (resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone) separately.A theoretical study For the products of alkylation and Polymers was conducted and compared with results.This Work includes the following : - first step : - Alkylation of cyclic compounds (resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone) with glycerol to produce.2 - (2,4 - dihydroxyphenyl)propane - 1,2,3triol (H1) 2 - (2,5 - dihydroxyphenyl)propane - 1,2,3triol (H2) 2 - (3,4 - dihydroxyphenyl)propane - 1,2,3triol (H3)The resulting compounds were Identified by different techniques (FT - infrared spectra IR, NMR spectrum magnetic (1H - NMR, 13C - NMR) and Elemental analysis (CHN).Some physical properties of these compounds were studied.Step Two : - This step in clndes the preparation of ester compounds (Es1 - Es6) via reacting (H1, H2, H3) with Dicarboxylic Acid (malonic, Succinic) The resulting compounds were identified by different techniques physical properties of these compounds were studied Step Three : - Compounds (H1,H2,H3)were polymerized to produce new polymers (p1 - p9) via reacting with anhydride (maleic , phallic and succinic) by melting reaction (200 - 250) C.These Polymers were studied and Identified by different chniqnes including (FT - infrared spectrum, DSC, DLS, and studying solubility in different organic solvents, and measuring the percentage of swelling.Step Four : - The theoretical simulation of alkylation reaction of compounds (resorcinol, hydroquinone and catechol) with glycerol in existence of silicate aluminum were condncted. The transitional situation of these reactants and estimated energy values that leads to the suggestion interactive pathways, where studied. The prepared compounds (H1, H2, H3) were found haning a low value of total energy ( - 390.240 , - 390.232, - 390.251kCal \ mol), respectively, The study also these compounds possass less ? gab values (1.515,1.23, 0.68ev) respectively which was calculated density function calculations of DFT (minimal - STO - 3G).The comparison between the theoretical and obtained values of these compounds were conducted.The theoretical simulation of polymerization reaction (H1, H2, H3) to produce the polymers (p1,p4,p7)were done.The third is the most possible be cause it has the lowest values of total energy( - 126.625, - 126.491 , - 125.814 kCal\mol), respectively, and also has the lowest ?gab values (8.31,7.03.7.088ev).Polymers (p1,p4,p7) are theoretical produced by ring closure reaction and reaction and the possible energy values of these reactants are ( - 222.444, - 222.443, - 190288.29 kCal \ mol) calculated by semi - empirical calculations PM3.in conclusion, these polymers are formed through condensation reaction but not cyclic closure reaction.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض المشتقات الجديدة للمركب بارا - برومو انيلين ودراسة فعاليتها البايولوجية كمضادات (HIV) == Preparation And Identification of Some New Derivatives of P - Bromoaniline And Study In Vitro Anti - Hiv Assay

Author name: رعد سعد جهاد
Supervisor name: نجم عبود لعيبي المسعودي | نبيل عبد عبد الرضا
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: بهدف التوصل الى ايجاد سطوح انتقائية طبيعية وذات فعالية عالية في امتزاز بعض المواد الدوائية , اجريت دراسة متكاملة لانظمة الامتزاز للمادة الدوائية التتراسيكلين ( Tetracycline ( في درجات حرارية مختلفة على سطح البوكسايت والبوكسايت المعدل )البوليمر(.حيث تم ف | In order to reach to find a natural selective surfaces and highly effective in the adsorption of some pharmaceuticals, it has been a comprehensive study of the adsorption systems for the pharmaceutical substance Tetracycline in different conditions of temperature, on the surface of bauxite and modified bauxite. In this study the bauxite has been activated and used to prepare two complexes : bauxite - urea and bauxite - melamine, these complexes were merged and polymerized with to prepare the complex bauxite polymer - urea - melamine - formaldehyde (modified bauxite).The complexes bauxite - urea and bauxite - Melamine were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FT - IR), while the surface of bauxite and modified bauxite are characterized before and after the adsorption by X - ray diffraction techniques (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT - IR), atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where measurements showed that the presence of two types of minerals included in the structure of bauxite which they are Gibsite and Buhimite in addition to small amounts of other minerals.(UV - visb.) Technique was used to investigate the adsorption quantitatively on the surfaces of bauxite and modified bauxite at the following temperatures (293,298,303,308,313,318 K).Search has been expanded to include also the study of adsorption kinetics of the drug substance (tetracycline) on surfaces mentioned above. It has been found that the surfaces of bauxite and modified bauxite used in the study have a ranking below in its ability to adsorption of drug substance : Bauxite> PolymerResults of the study also showed the applicability of Frendilh equation model for adsorption of drug substance on the surface of the above - mentioned bauxite and applicability to Langmiur equation for the adsorption of drug substance on the surface of modified bauxite. The isotherms of adsorption takes shape (S2max) at low temperatures and then start to turn into shape (L2max) at high temperatures in the adsorption of tetracycline on the surface of bauxite, while taking shape (Lmax)at low temperatures and then start to turn into shape (Smax) at high temperatures when the adsorption of drug substance took place on the surface of the modified bauxite.Thermodynamic quantities Have been calculated, it’s found that the adsorption of drug substance on the surface of bauxite and modified bauxite is endothermic when the adsorption constant calculated at greatest concentration while the adsorption of drug substance on the surface of bauxite was endothermic and exothermic on the surface of modified bauxite if the adsorption constant calculated at infinite dilution.The kinetic study of the adsorption of the drug substance on the above surfaces according to the developed Lagergreen equation then the rate constant of the process has been calculated at temperatures (293,298,303,308,313,318 K), through these values the activation energy value and the value of Arhiniuos coefficient have been calculated adsorption process, it was found that the value of activation energy and the value of the Arhiniuos coefficient follow the order below : Polymer> BauxiteAlso the surface area of the surfaces of bauxite and modified bauxite follow the order : Bauxite> Polymer

تحضير ودراسة طيفية لمعقدات مزيج الليكاند لايونات بعض العناصر الانتقالية

Author name: عباس سامي عبد
Supervisor name: عبد الله محمد علي حبيبان | مسلم حسن محمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة تحضير عدد من المشتقات الحلقية غير المتجانسة بالاضافة الى بعض المشتقات ثنائية الاريل والتي تعد ذات اهمية في مجال الكيمياء الطبية ,ونواة لتحضير بعض المشتقات الكيميائية الاخرى للمركب بارا - بروموانيلين والتي درس بعضا منها كمضادات للـ(HIV). وك | A new series of heterocyclic derivatives together with new biaryl analogues of biological interest have been synthesized starting from p - bromoaniline. Most of the new synthesized analogues have been tested for their anti - HIV (anti - human immunodeficiency virus - AIDS) activity.The thesis included the preparation of four types of compounds which have been use for further reactions as followings : 1. Preparation of the analogue R1 and its derivatives from treatment of p - bromoaniline with chloroacetylchloride. Reaction of R1 with KSCN or NH4SCN afforded the analogues R2 and R3 bearing benzothiazole backbone, respectively, while treatment of R1 with thiourea, hydrazine hydrate and piperazine gave R4, R5 and R7, respectively. In addition, treatment of R5 with p - toluenesulphonyl chloride (TsCl) yielded R6, meanwhile, fusion of R7 with maliec and phthalic anhydrides gave R8 and R9, respectively (Scheme 1).2. Preparation of the analogue R10 and its derivatives from treatment of p - bromoaniline with NH4SCN in the presence of bromine. Nucleophilic substitution of bromro residue of R10 by ( - SCN) group under microwave irradiation (MWI) afforded R11. Fusion of the latter with maliec, phthalicand succinic anhydrides gave R12, R13 and R14, respectively. In addition, treatment of R10 with p - cyanophenylboronic acid, via Suzuki coupling reaction and under MW, furnished the analogue R21(Scheme 2).3. Preparation of the analogue R15 and its derivatives,via diazotization reaction, from reaction of p - bromoaniline with acetylacetone. Treatmet of R15 with hydrazine hydrate or phenylhydrazine afforded R16 and R17, respectively.Furthermore, treatment of R17 with substituted arylboronic acids, via Suzuki coupling reaction and under MW, gave R23, R24 and R25 (Scheme 3).4. Preparation of the analogue R15 and its derivatives from treatment of p - bromoaniline with dimethylaminobenzaldehyde to give the azomethane derivative, which has been subjected to reflex with maliec and phthalic anhydrides by using ethanol to give the analogues R19 and R20, respectively. Additionally, treatment of R18 with substituted arylboronic acids, via Suzuki coupling reaction and under MWI, gave R27 and R28 (Scheme 4). The structures of the new synthesized analogues have been assigned from their 1H, 13C NMR and the C.H.N. analysis. In addition, most of the compounds have been identified from their 2D NMR : HSQC, HMBC, COSY and ROESY spectra.The thesis included the biological active study of the most new synthesized derivatives against Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV - 1 and HIV - 2) (AIDS), which carried out at Rega medical institute college of medicine, Katholiek University, Leuven, Belgium. The study showed that five analogues exhibited remarkable anti - HIV activity, since the analogues, R6, R8, R13, R26 and R28 showed EC50> (3.19, 2.11, 3.41, 2.31 and 3.72) µg/mL. In conclusion, compound R8 being the agent of choice for further pharmacological evaluation by its structural medication which might optimizeits potential activity to be drug in the future for treatment of AIDS.

التفكك الضوئي لمعقدات الموليبدنيوم المخلبية مع ثنائي الكيل ثنائي ثايوكاربامات : دراسة حركية == Photodecomposition of Chelates Molybdenum Dialkyl Dithiocarbamat Complexes (Kinetic Study)

Author name: نادية باقر حسين
Supervisor name: حسن عباس حبيب
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:

تقدير بعض الملوثات العضوية وازالتها من محاليلها المائية باستخدام اطيان عراقية واطيان عراقية محورة وتطبيق برنامج شبه تجريبي لدراسة الامتزاز نظريا == Determination And Removal of Some Organic Pollutants From Aqueous Solution By Using Iraqi Clays, Modified Clays And Applied Semi - Empirical Program To Theoretical Adsorption Study

Author name: اقبال سلمان محمد
Supervisor name: سعدية احمد ظاهر | خلود عبد صالح
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذه الدراسة تحضير معقدات مخلبية للموليبدنيوم (V) مع ليكاندات ثنائي الالكيل ثنائي ثايوكاربامات وتشخيصها طيفيا" باستخدام مطيافية الاشعة المرئية والفوق البنفسجية ومطيافية الاشعة تحت الحمراء, وهذه المعقدات هي : 1 - فنيل هايدرازايدو - ثلاثي (ثنائي مثيل ث | This study included Preparation of chelate molybdenum(V) complexes with diethyldithiocarbat ligands and characterized them by (UV - Visible) and infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.These complexes are : 1 - Phenyl hydrazido - tris - dimethyldithiocarbato molybdenum(V) [Mo(N2ph)(S2CNMe2)3].2 - Phenyl hydrazido - tris - diethyldithiocarbato molybdenum(V) [Mo(N2ph)(S2CNEt2)3].3 - (2,4 - dinitro - Phenyl hydrazido) - tris (diMethyldithiocarbamato molybdenum(V). [ Mo( N2ph - (NO2 )2) (S2CNMe2)3 ]. 4 - (2,4 - dinitro - Phenyl hydrazido) - tris (diethyldithiocarbamato molybdenum(V). [ Mo( N2ph - (NO2 )2) (S2CNEt2)3 ].The study of the kinetics of chemical decomposition for these chelates complexes by using irradiation of these complexes solution, by using a mono wave light (? = 365nm) and temperature (25?C) for (60 min) in ethanol solvent. The result for all complexes were that the order of photochemical decomposition was first order reaction. As well as the rate constants of photo decomposition reactions (kd) were calculated by observed a spectral changes during irradiation process. To know the best conditions for decomposition of these complexes, it is necessary to study the effect of several factors on photo chemical behavior for complexes which included : Effect of concentration of complexes, where five concentrations of complexes have been studied and found that the highest decomposition rate have observed at lowest concentration (2.5x10 - 5M). In addition, study the impact of change in intensity of light on decomposition rate. The result was when the light intensity increase, rate of complexes decomposition also increased. Also study a decomposition of complexs at temperature range (25 - 40?C). The result was when increasing temperature, the rate of complexs decomposition was increas, also the values of activated energy of all complexes where calculated and the results where show in the table : Activated Energy (kj / mole) Complex24.808 B122.971 C120.209 B217.778 C2 Also study effect of pH value at ranging (3 - 11) and found that the rate of the complexes decomposition increased when pH of solutions decreases. The effect of four alcoholic solvent were studied such as (methanol, ethanol, 1 - butanol and isopropanol), and found that the highest decomposition rate of these complexes achieved in Methanol, while the lowest decomposition rate of these complexes achieved in Isopropanol. In addition study the effect of each of nitrogen gas, oxygen gas and the atmospheric air on the rate of complexes decomposition and compile the results with recorded results in normal conditions, the highest decomposition rate observed in presence of oxygen gas and the lowest decomposition in presence of nitrogen gas. The mechanism of photo chemical decomposition of these complexes has been interpreted by spectrophotometric technique, were the conclusion that have been obtained that there is (redox - reaction) happening in these complexes and the output of processes of homo cleavage of bond (M - L) that leading to reduction of metal ions and oxygenation of ligand and formation free radicals.

هرمون الانتي مولرين كدالة لمتلازمة تكيس المبايض في امصال النساء العراقيات == Serum Anti - Mullerian Hormone As A Marker of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In Iraqi Women

Author name: شهد فوزي عبيد عبد الواحد الخفاجي
Supervisor name: بشرى فارس حسن | غريد خليل محمد علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن البحث تنقية المحاليل المائية المخففة من الملوثات العضوية صبغة الرودامين وصبغة الكونغو الاحمر بطريقتين الطريقة الاولى كانت امتزاز هذه الصبغات على سطح البتونايت ضمن Al2O3، ZnO،TiO 005 ( جزء بالمليون استعلمت المركبات الثانوية 2 - مدى من التراكيز ) 05 ) | The present work deals with the purification of diluted aqueous solutions from organic pollutants Rhodamine B (RhB) and Congo red (CR) dyes with two methods. The first one was adsorption these dyes on bentonite in range (50 - 250)mgl - 1, Nanocompounds,TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3 and quaternary ammonium salts Hexadecyl tri methyl ammonium bromide (HDMAB), long chain hydrocarbon compounds Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) in different amounts (0.01 - 0.1)g/10g of bentonite were used to modify the adsorption capacity to remove the RhB and CR dyes from aqueous solutions. Both bentonite and modified bentonite are firstly characterized using SEM, AFM and FTIR techniques.The effect of dyes concentration, contact time, effect of initial dye concentration and contact time, adsorbent dosage, and amount of modifiers on the percentage removal have been studied. The modified bentonite with SDS. TiO2 , ZnO increased the percentage removal(R%) of RhB dye from 80% by natural bentonite to 99.3%,98.9% and98.7% respectively, the other dye CR modified bentonite with HDMAB,TiO2 ,ZnO, increased the R% from 81.3% to 99.6%, 99.0% and 98.8%,while adding Al2O3 did not success to increase the R% of RhB and CR on bentonite surface The study exhibits that Langmuir and Freundlich models gave geed fitted to the experimental adsorption at 25°C.The second method deals with advanced oxidation process by using photo - Fenton catalyst(Fe2+,H2O2 and UV light) to degradates of two dyes RhB and CR, the effect of Fe2+ concentration,H2O2 concentration , initial dye concentration and effect of pH at different interval time have been studied.results indicated that simultaneous utilization of UV irradiation with Fentons reagent increase the degradation degree of RhB and CR dyes quickly lose their color, indicating that the dissolves organics have been oxidized, the maximum color removal were obtained at pH 2.0,250 mgl - 1of Fe2+,300 mgl - 1of H2O2for RhB at 240 minute while for CR maximum removal were at pH 3.0,200 mgl - 1of Fe+2,350 mgl - 1of H2O2 at 270 minute.The photo - Fenton degradation process was monitored by HPLC chromatogram of RhB and CR dye solutions. The intensity of the peaks are gradually decreased with irradiation time.The irradiation time after three hours show no HPLC peaks detected, the results are in a good agreement with the results obtained from the UV visible spectrum.In this study semi - empirical methods are used to calculate the molecular orbital energies. This calculation let to suggest the best surface active material which can be used to modify the adsorption efficiency for RhB and CR on Iraqi bentonite surface. The theoretical study results are compared to experimental results achieved in experimental studies on some organic pollutants and modified bentonite by SDS and HDMAB. Using SDS led to the best adsorption efficiency for RhB while HDMAB lead to best efficiency for CR dye. The enthalpy of formation, dipole moment and energy of molecular orbital HOMO and LUMO energies levels were calculated for the two dyes and the two modifiers.

تحضير وتشخيص مركبات حلقية غيرمتجانسة ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لها == Synthesis And Identification of Heterocyclic Compounds And Study Their Biological Activity

Author name: رنا نعمة عطية
Supervisor name: ماجد جاري محمد | نغم محمود الجمالي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن هذا البحث تحضير سلسلة انواع جديدة من البولي يوريثين المتفكك احيائيا والحساس لــلدالة الحامضية والذي يحتوي على مشتقات البنزوكائين المتضمنة مجموعة الازو بالبلمرة التكاثفية لـ 1,6 - hexamethylene diisocyanate في درجة حرارة 80 م مع مونمرات الازو، كيميائ | In this work series of new types of biodegradable and pH - sensitive polyurethane containing azo derivatives of benzocaine were synthesized by the condensation polymerization of 1,6 - hexamethylene diisocyanate at 80 ?C with the azo monomers. The chemically controlled release methods have been applied in which the benzocaine (drug) with active group (NH2) linked up with the spacer group (dihydroxy monomers) by azo bond formation.The First stage : The monomers synthesized from the reaction of (cyclohexanone , 1 - naphthole, 2 - naphthole , 4 - bromophenol , 3 - chlorophenol , phenol , 4 - (2,4 - dihydroxyphenyl)but - 3 - en - 2 - one , 4 - (4 - hydroxyphenyl)but - 3 - en - 2 - one and p - hydroxy acetophenone ) with acetone in presence of HCl as catalyst under reflux condition. M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9The Second stage : The azo monomers were synthesized from the reaction of monomers : (M1 ,M2 ,M3 ,M4 ,M5 ,M6 ,M7 ,M8 ,M9 ,hydroquinone ,pyragollal ) with Benzocaine in presence of HCl , NaNO2 and NaOH 10% by stirring for one hour in ice bath at (0 - 5 ?C). AZO1 AZO2 AZO3 AZO4 AZO5 AZO6 AZO7 AZO8 AZO9 AZO10 AZO11 Where (R) : is the above monomers which shown in first and second stage.The Third stage : polyurethane azo was synthesized from the reaction between the azo monomers (which are shows in second stage) with 1,6 - hexamethylene diisocyanate in oil bath by refluxing for 8 hours at 80 ?C in dry nitrogene.where : ( R ) are the monomers which shown in first and second stage.The U.V - Visible , FT - IR , H1NMR techniques were used to confirm the chemical structure of the synthesized Polyurethane azo.A calibration curve between absorbance and concentration was constructed to stock solution of pure drug. the concentration of Benzocaine release was calculated by extrapolation of the result on the calibration curve every 24 hrs. The detection limit for Benzocaine was minimum used 0.001 gm/mol wavelength at 293 nm. Benzocaine was loaded into the polymeric matrix during in situ polymerization. The drug release from the benzocaine loaded was studied in two different medias ( pH=7.8, pH=4 ) at the human temperature.The results was shown that degradation of polyurethane azo in phosphate buffer solution was dependant in the pH value. In pH7.8 the polyurethane azo was rapidly released over 45 hrs. Incubation of polyurethane azo with rate cecal content at 37 ?C gradually released of benzocaine and the percentage of drug released was follow sequence (57% ,82% , 84% , 73% , 73% , 78% , 80% , 82% , 79% , 75% , 86% ) in 45 hrs. In pH=4 polyurethane azo was released slower than basic condition over 45 hrs. at 37 C, and the percentage of drug release was follow sequence (49% , 76% , 72% , 49% , 68% , 60% , 66% , 77% , 70% , 66% , 60%).The release rate of Benzocaine increased with increasing pH (i.e. , 7.8?4).

دراسات ثرموداينميكية وحركية لفعالية مركبات متعدد الفينولات الطبيعية للوقاية من التسمم بالرصاص == Thermodynamic And Kinetic Studies On The Effectiveness of Nutritional Origin Poly Phenols In Lead Poisoning Protection

Author name: نجدت رضا حميد علي الخفاجي
Supervisor name: الهام مجيد الرفيعي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن البحث تحضير مركبات حلقية غير متجانسة جديدة ( خماسية , سداسية وسباعية )ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لها.المرحلة الاولى : تتضمن مفاعلة بنزين ثنائي الامين مع ثنائي كبريتيد الكاربون في الايثانول المطلق للحصول على المركب [1] ليتفاعل مع ( حامض الماليك , حام | This research involves synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds(five , six , and seven - membered rings) and study their biological activity First Part : The o - phenylenediamine was condensed with carbon disulfide in abs. ethanol to yield compound [1] which reacted with(maleic acid and oxalic acid ) and presence of phosphorus oxychlorid to yield compounds [2,3].Second Part : The phthalic anhydride was condensed with glycine in aceton to give compound [4] which reacted with o - phenylenediamine in presence of phosphorus oxychlorid to give compounds [5] and with o - phenylenediamine in abs. ethanol to give compound [6] which reacted with maleic acid in presence of phosphorus oxychlorid to give compound [7]. Third Part : Thiosemicarbizide was condensed with carbon disulfide in abs. ethanol and presence of sodium carbonate to result compound [8] which reacted with different sugars (ribose , xylose and arabinose) in abs. ethanol and presence of glacial acetic acid to give new Schiff bases derivatives [9 - 11] respectively. The resulting imine derivatives were reacted with ( salicylic acid , 2 - mercaptobenzoic acid and glycine) to give compounds [12 - 14] respectively.Fourth Part : Study of biological activity of some synthesized compounds

دراسات كيمياء الكم لمركبات الروثينيوم العضوية الفلزية == Quantum Chemical Studies of Ruthenium Organometallic Compounds

Author name: دريد توفيق عريبي الكنبي
Supervisor name: محسن عبود محسن العبادي | حسين جاسم محمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: There are a wide variety of polyphenolic compounds named flavonids. These are extensively distributed in plants, and they are considered to be dietary antioxidants. They occur naturally in broad range of vegetables, fruits, and primarily recognized as the pigments.Many flavonoids have a metallic ion complexation capacity. The study of this capacity is important because it can be used in producing nutritional supplements, medicine, and heavy metal detoxification.Chelation therapy is the use of chelating agents (complexing agents) to detoxify poisonous metal such as mercury, arsenic, and lead by converting them to chemically inert form that can be excreted without further interaction with the body.Lead is considered as one of the most hazards and cumulative environmental pollutants that affect all biological system through exposure from air, water and food sources. It is toxic heavy metals which are known to induce a broad range of physiological, biochemical and behavioral dysfunction in humans. Because of its perverseness in the environment, lead poisoning still remains an important health problem.The polarographic measurements were carried out using differential pulse polarography (DPP), at hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) at the optimal conditions for flavonoids which were 1M HCl for Quercetin, Rutin, and Hespertin and 0.01M NaOH for chrysin as a supporting electrolyte.A well - defined two electron reversible reduction and diffusion controlled one wave for these flavonoide were observed, a linear relationship between concentration and diffusion current (id) was obtained with the value of correlation coefficient (r2) near to one, this obey Ilkovic equation. The values of n; the number of electrons transferred in the reduction process were obtained from the slop of the straight line corresponding to E vs. log i/id - i.Addition of flavonoides to a solution of Pb (II) ion, show the appearance of a new peak in a more negative potential than Pb (II) peak, with the gradual decrease in id of Pb (II) ion which suggests the complex formation between them.The stoichiometry and the stability constant of Pb (II) complex with flavonoids were calculated by Lingane equation; a plot of ?Ep vs. log [L] give a straight line, the slope of the line allows the determination of the coordination number (p), and the stability constant were determined from the intercept, the stoichiometry of these complexes were (1 : 1) with a stability constant of : Pb - Quercetine (5.5*107) ? Pb - Rutine (1.3*107) ? Pb - Hespertine (4*106) ? Pb - Chrysin (5.4*104)These measurements also includes the determination of the kinetic parameter of the electrode reaction (Kth, ?n) and the thermodynamic parameters such as ?H, ?G, and ?S.The spectrophotometric measurements were carried out in 50% methanol/water for Quercetin and Rutin, 30% methanol/water for Hespertin and in phosphate buffer of pH - 7 for Chrysin.The electronic spectrum of free flavonoides in methanol solution was mainly characterized by an important absorption band at ? 370 nm (band I) and a second one located at ? 256 nm (band II). Upon addition of lead (II) to the flavonoids solution significant changes are observed in the electronic spectra, a bathochromic shift in band (I) to the extent of ? 40 nm and a shift in band (II) to the extent of ? 7 nm, the change in ?max and the change in the intensities of the bands were due to the coordination between flavonoids molecules and Pb (II) ion.The stoichiometry of the formed complexes were investigated by the method of continuous variation and it were found (1 : 1), the stability constant were calculated also and were found to be in the order of ? 105 to 106.Thermodynamic parameters and kinetic studies were also determined which indicates a second order interaction between lead (II) and these flavonoides.Spectroscopic measurements for (EDTA) Complexation with lead (II) were carried out in order to compare its stability constant with that obtained for flavonoides complexes, due to its application in the treatment of metal poisoning.Stability constant of (EDTA) with Pb (II) complex were in the order of 108 which is much more efficient than flavonoides.

تاثير الصفائح النانوية على الخواص الفيزيائية والكهربائية لبعض المركبات البلورية السائلة == Effect of Nanosheets On The Physical And Electrical Properties of Some Liquid Crystalline Compounds

Author name: الاء فاضل سليمان داود
Supervisor name: عصام عبد الكريم عبد اللطيف | عمار هاني الدجيلي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هذه الاطروحة تمثل سلسلة من دراسات الكم من خلال التركيب الالكتروني للانظمة العضوية الفلزية. تتضمن نتائج الفصول خلاصة عمل تعود لكيمياء الروثينيوم (الفصل الثاني) واستخدام النظريات لتساعدنا على التشخيص التركيبي من خلال اجهزة الطيف الحاسوبية (الفصل الثالث والر | This thesis presents a series of quantum chemical studies into the electronic structure of organometallic systems. All of the results chapters are self - contained, summarising work related to Ruthenium chemistry (Chapter 2) and the use of theory to aid structural identification through computation of spectroscopic parameters (Chapters 3 and 4). Chapter 5 relates to distinct work done concerning to the Topological Analysis of the Electron Density in the dihydried Triruthenium Cluster, but the focus on the question of dihydried triruthenium motif represents a close link to the material covered in Chapters 3 and 4. In Chapter 2, Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to probe the structures of triruthenium clusters Ru3(CO)12. The researcher shed light on the equilibrium geometries and the best function (PBE1PBE) and basis set (SDD Ru/ SVP on (C, O)) can be used. On the basis of that, the global minimum found for Ru3(CO)12 is an unbridged (1D3) structure. In Chapter 3, DFT with PBE1PBE functional and (SDD Ru/ IGLOIII, TZVP P, H/ SVP on (C, O)) basis sets have been used to identify structures of species observed in hydrogenation reactions of alkynes using catalysts based on Ru3 clusters. The identification of the hydride intermediates observed by NMR spectroscopy is ambiguous, and is generally based only on 1H NMR and JP - H coupling constants for hydrides attached to the ruthenium metal centres. Our calculations propose that the experimentally observed species A and B do not contain the Ru3(? - H)(H) motif, as proposed by Duckett group but have Ru3(? - H)2. In Chapter 4, these studies were extended to the analogous dihydride triruthenium monodentate and bidentate phosphines. By computing energies, 1H chemical shifts, we propose that the experimentally observed species A1 and B1 do not contain the Ru(µ - H)(H) motif, as proposed by Duckett and co - workers, but rather the dibridging Ru(µ - H)2 structures common to A2 and B2. In addition, the results confirm that our methodology is able to model the environment of a terminal hydride correctly.Finally, Chapter 5 describes the Quantum Aim (QTAIM) topological analysis of the electron density in the Picolyl N - Heterocyclic Carbene Triruthenium cluster [Ru3(? - H)2(?3 - ?3C2,NHCpyCH2ImMe)(CO)8] (3 - methylimidazol - 2 - ylidene). However, this cluster has been chosen since, firstly, has Ru3(? - H)2 motif similar to triruthenium core proposed in chapters 3 and 4 , secondly, this particular cluster contains one hydride - unbridged and two hydride bridged Ru - Ru edges and a face - capping ligands with different types of Ru - C and Ru - N bonds , this allowing interesting comparisons between the topological properties of related but different atom - atom interactions, within the same molecule.

دراسة كيميائية حياتية لانزيم اللاكتيت ديهايدروجنيز (LDH) ومتناظراته المنقاة جزئيا من ادرار المرضى المصابين باورام البروستات == Biochemical Studies of Lactate Dehydrogenase And Its Isoenzymes Partially Purified From Urine of Patients With Prostate Tumors

Author name: عمر علي كنوش الجبوري
Supervisor name: فراح غالي الصالحي | نزار احمد ناجي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الرسالة ثلاثة فصول. يحتوي الفصل الاول على مقدمة لنبذة تاريخية للمواد البلورية السائلة وصفاتها الفيزيائية وبعض الامثلة لتطبيقاتها,وكذلك الخصائص الثرموديناميكية للمزيج الثنائي والثلاثي للمركبات البلورية السائلة. وتحتوي المقدمة ايضا على شرح مختصر لتق | This thesis consisted of three chapters. First chapter contained an introduction to explain the historical view, physical properties, application and thermodynamic characterization of binary and tertiary system mixtures of liquid crystalline materials. Also it contained an introduction to Nanotechnology and nanosheets like graphene oxide and its functionalization and a summary about the dielectric permittivity and conductivity. The second chapter explained the experimental part including the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) and its functionalization and general synthesis procedure of eight liquid crystalline compounds, which were outlined as follows : 1. N1,N4 - Bis(4 - subst. - benzylidene) benzene - 1,4 - diamine [3a - d] 2. N4,N4? - Bis(4 - subst. - benylidene) biphenyl - 4,4' - diamine [5a,b] 3. 3,3' - dimethyl - N4,N4? - Bis(4 - subst. - benzylidene)biphenyl - 4,4' - diamine [7a,b] The binary mixtures were prepared from a non - polar compound N1,N4 - bis(4 - methylbenzylidene) benzene - 1,4 - diamine and N1,N4 - bis(4 - bromobenzylidene) benzene - 1,4 - diamine as polar compound. The tertiary mixtures were prepared by mixing the mole fraction of the eutectic point (60%A) mixture [D] from the binary system and considered as the first compound A, the second compound was 3,3' - dimethyl - N4,N4? - bis(4 - bromobenzylidene)biphenyl - 4,4' - diamine as compound B.The tertiary system mixture at (13%B) showed the lower eutectic point, each concentration of the eutectic points in the binary and tertiary systems was mixed with graphene oxide and graphene oxide functionalized with polyaniline. The third chapter described the characterization of the prepared GO nanosheets with different functional groups.These nanosheets were characterized with multiple techniques (FT - IR , X - ray diffraction, SEM and AFM). The prepared liquid crystalline compounds were characterized by using FT - IR infrared and the liquid crystalline properties of compounds [3a - d], [5a,b],[7a,b] , the binary, tertiary systems and the mixtures with graphene oxide (GO) and GO functionalized nanosheets were examined with hot - stage polarizing microscopy, at the concentrations of the eutectic points , measured the dielectric permittivity and conductivity ?ac at the concentrations of the eutectic points. The addition of the nanosheets caused lowering of the transition temperatures of eutectic points in the binary and tertiary systems. It is worth noting, that in the two mixtures was appeared a new unknown (enantiotropic smectic ) phase.

دراسة بعض القياسات الكيموحياتية والمناعية في مرض الفصام واضطرابات الاكتئاب الشديد في مدينة النجف الاشرف == Study of Somebiochemical And Immunological Parameters In Schizophrenia And Major Depressive Disorders In Najaf Alashraf Province

Author name: دعاء عبد الزهرة محمد علي الرماحي
Supervisor name: حسين كاظم الحكيم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: شملت هذه الدراسة (56) عينة لادرار وامصال دم المرضى المصابين باورام البروستات ومقارنتها مع (62) عينة من الاصحاء وكانت اعمارهم تتراوح (40 - 80) سنة.ولقد اظهرت الدراسة النتائج الاتية : 1 - تم قياس نشاط انزيم اللاكتيت ديهايدروجنيز (LDH) في ادرار وامصال دم ا | This study was performed on (56) patients with prostatic tumors , in addition (62) apparently healthy subjects with ages ranged (40 - 80) years were investigated as a control group.This study showed the following results : 1 - Total serum protein in prostatic tumor patients showed a significant decrease in comparison to healthy subjects. While urinary protein and creatinine showed a significant increase. 2 - Patients with prostatic tumors showed a highly significant increase (P< 0.05) in serum and urine Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity compared to healthy subjects. 3 - A significant increased in activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) and prostatic acid phosphatae (PAP) was shown in serum of prostatic tumor patients compared to apparently healthy subjects.4 - The results revealed a positive correlation of age with (LDH) activity in patients urine and with (PAP) activity in patients serum in addition there was a positive correlation of (LDH) activity in patients urine with (PAP) activity in patients serum. 5 - LDH isoenzymes were isolated and partially purified from patients urine , by using gel filtration (Sephadex G - 150) and ion - exchange, chromatography (DEAE - Cellulose A - 50) with pH gradient.6 - Kinetic Studies of (LDH) isoenzyme were carried out , which included the effect of different concentrations of substrates (Sodium pyruvate and NADH) , pH and temperate. The Km values of isoenzym (LDH1) were 2.6 , 51.7 for sodium pyruvate and NADH respectively (by Lineweaver - Burk piot) and 2.57 , 50 (by Hans - Woolf plot) and the optimum pH was 7 , optimum temperature was 50 C0. 7 - The isoenzyme (LDH1) obeyed Arrhenius equation and its (Ea) and (Q10) constants were determined

التخليق الاخضر لدقائق الفضة متناهية الصغر باستخدام مستخلصات الكيوي الاخضر == Green Synthesis Of Silver Nanoparticles By Using Actinidia Deliciosa Extracts

Author name: حوراء سعد حمود الكواز
Supervisor name: لمياء عبد المجيد المشهدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: English
University location: Babylon
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص معقدات كاربوبلاتين جديدة للبلاتين II ودراسة خواصها الطيفية والفيزيائية == Preparation and Characterization of New Carboplatin Complexes of Platinum (II) and Studied their Spectral and Physical Properties

Author name: سماء مهدي حسن
Supervisor name: جاسم محمد عبد الحسين | سعدون عبد الله عودة
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

البلمرة التكاثفية لمشتقات الاثيلين ثنائي الامين رباعي حامض الخليك وتطبيقاتها == Polycondensation of Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid derivative and applications

Author name: حذام عبد علي عبد الحسين عبد علي
Supervisor name: داخل ناصر طه الزركاني | خضير جواد كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

التخليق الخضري لدقائق الفضة النانوية باستخدام مستخلص الزعفران وتخمين بعض تاثيراتها البايولوجية في سرطان الكبد المستحث في ذكور الجرذان == Green Synthesis Of Silver Nanoparticles Using Crocus Sativus L. Extracts And Evaluation Of Some Biological Effects In Induced Pre - Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Male Rats

Author name: نيران علي ثامر
Supervisor name: لمياء عبد المجيد المشهدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: English
University location: Babylon
First pages:

التقديرالطيفي لبعض المركبات الدوائية الامينية ذوات الاهمية الصيدلانية == Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Amino Drugs Compounds With Pharmaceutical Important

Author name: مروة سعد محمد سعد الحداد
Supervisor name: قاسم حسن كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

طرائق طيفية جديدة لتقدير هيدروكلوريد الرانتدين في المستحضرات الصيدلانية == New Spectrophotometric Methods For The Determination Of Ranitidine Hydrochloride In Pharmaceutical Preparations

Author name: امنين محمد عبد الكريم
Supervisor name: عباس نور محمد الشريفي | صادق جعفر باقر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: English
University location: Babylon
First pages:

الملوثات البيئية في نهر الفرات - تقدير وازالة ودراسة ثرموداينميكية وحركية == Environmental Pollutants In Euphrates River - Determination ,Removal And Thermodynamic - Kinetic Studies

Author name: محمد تركي خثي الركابي
Supervisor name: بشرى بشير قاسم | نعيمة احمد حكمت
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

علاقة تركيبة الاحماض الدهنية وبعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية لمصل دم عند النساء المصابات باحتشاء العضلة القلبية == Relationship of Fatty - Acid Composition and Some Biochemical Parameters in Serum for women Myocardial Infarction Patients

Author name: لمى عبد المنعم بكر البجاري
Supervisor name: اميرة عزيز محمود الجريسي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Education - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

التقدير الطيفي للانثانوم والفلوريد في نماذج مختلفة == SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY OF LANTHANUM AND FLUORIDE IN VARIOUS SAMPLES

Author name: هند احمد محمود العبيدي
Supervisor name: ناجح حسن شيخو
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص عدد من معقدات فلزات السلسلة الانتقالية الاولى وغير الانتقالية مع ليكاندات حاوية على الكبريت كذرة مانحة (الزانثيت) == PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES OF THE FIRST SERIES AND NON TRANSITION METALS WITH LIGANDS CONTAINING SULFUR AS DONER ATOM (XANTHATE)

Author name: رؤى كمال محمد الهلالي
Supervisor name: سعد عز الدين محمد المختار
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Al Mosul - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تخليق ودراسات طيفية لبعض معقدات العناصر الانتقالية لقواعد شف المشتقة من مركبات ثنائية الامين == Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies of Some Transition Metal Complexes of Schiff Bases Derived from Diamine Compounds

Author name: فاطمة فلیح حسن الهلالي
Supervisor name: ساھر عبد الرضا علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

Synthesis And Charactrazation Of Some New ? Lactams

Author name: صاحب عوض كاطع الجياشي
Supervisor name: محمود شاكر مكطوف التميمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص ودراسة بايولوجية لقواعد شف جديدة مشتقة من 2 - امينو - 5,3 - ثنائي برومو بنزالديهايد ومعقداتها مع بعض العناصر الانتقالية == Preparation, Identification, and Biological Activity of New Some Schiff Bases Derivative from 2 - amino - 3,5 - dibromobenzyldehyd and Their Complexes With Some Transition Metals

Author name: انغام طارق علي الشامي
Supervisor name: حيدر عباس مهدي | فالح حسن الموسوي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تحضير ووصف وتطبيق اوكسيد الخارصين لمعالجة صبغة المثيل الاخضر == Preparation, Characterization and Application of Zinc Oxide for Treatment of Methyl Green Dye

Author name: اعتماد صالح فاضل الحسناوي
Supervisor name: لمى مجيد احمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Preparation-Characterization-and-Application-of-Zinc-Oxide-for-Treatment-of-Methyl-Green-Dye.pdf
University location: Karbala
First pages:

تحضير تترازولات ثنائية التعويض في الموقعين 5،1 ودراسة فعاليتها ضد البكتريا == Synthesis of 1,5 - Disubstituted Tetrazoles and Study of Their Antibacterial Activity

Author name: نور الهدى محمد عبد الحسين الرماحي
Supervisor name: زيد حسن عبود الاعرجي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Synthesis-of-15-Disubstituted-Tetrazoles-and-Study-of-Their-Antibacterial-Activity.pdf
University location: Karbala
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مشتقات الاندول الجديدة ودراسة فعاليتها البايولوجية == Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Indole Derivatives and Study Biological Activity

Author name: حيدر عبد الامير عبد الهادي
Supervisor name: ناجي موسى علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تخليق وتشخيص بعض مركبات ? - لاكتام الجديدة == SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTRIZAITION OF NEW ? - LACTAMS

Author name: زينب يحيى كاظم الموسوي
Supervisor name: محمود شاكر مكطوف التميمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص بعض قواعد شف الجديدة المشتقة ن 2 - هيدروكسي - 1نفثالديهايد ومعقداتها مع بعض العناصر الانتقالية ودراسة فعاليتها كمضادات الاكسدة == Preparation, Identification of Some New Schiff Bases Derivative from 2 - Hydroxy - 1 - naphthaldehyde and Their Complexes With Some Transition Metals and study Anti Oxidant Activities

Author name: رباب لفتة زغير
Supervisor name: حيدر عباس مهدي | علي حسين الموالي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص معقدات مختلطة الليكاند لايونات [Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II] لقواعد شف والحامضين الامينين Glycine او L - Alanine == Synthesis and characterization mixed Ligand complexes Ni(II),Co(II) and Cu(II) ions of Schiff base and amino acids (Glycine or L - Alanin)

Author name: سارة عبد الحسين ثجيل الفهدي
Supervisor name: حيدر حميد محسن الحميداوي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص ليكاندي ازو غير متجانسي الحلقة جديدة ومعقداتهما مع بعض الايونات الفلزية == Preparation and Characterization of Two New Heterocyclic Azo Ligands and Their Complexes with Some Metal Ions

Author name: زينب محسن نجم الكلابي
Supervisor name: حسين عبد محمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

تحضير بعض المشتقات العضوية الجديدة ودراسة السلوك التفلوري لها == Synthesis of Some New Organic Derivatives and Their Spectrofluorescence Behaviors Study

Author name: عمار كريم مدلول
Supervisor name: ناظر نجم عبد الله | عباس نور الشريفي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: English
University location: Babylon
First pages:

دراسة حركية في معالجة المياه الصناعية لصناعة الجلود في مفاعل التكسير الضوئي المحفز باستخدام اوكسيد النيوبيوم == Kinetic Study of Leather Industry Wastewater Treatment in Photocatalytic Reactor Using Niobium Oxide

Author name: الاء سلمان حسين اللبان
Supervisor name: ندى يحيى فيروز
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: English
University location: Babylon
First pages:

تقدير الفناديوم الثلاثي والرباعي والخماسي بتقنية الحقن الجرياني (رحيل وتداخل المناطق) == Determination of Vanadium (III), (IV), (V) by flow injection analysis using merging zone technique

Author name: سلام محمد ناصر
Supervisor name: داخل ناصر طه الزركاني
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

دراسة تحضير خلية المغنيسيوم الحرارية العاملة في درجات الحرارة المحيطة == Preparation Study of Magnesium Thermal Cell Operating at Ambient Temperatures

Author name: سماء سعدي محمود
Supervisor name: عباس عبد علي دريع الصالحي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

تقدير الفناديوم (V)، الكروم (VI) والمنغنيز (II) باستخدام الكاشف اللوني hydroxyquinoline8 - (6 - bromo - 2 - benzothiazolylazo) - 7 - - : دراسة طيفية وثرموديناميكية == Determination of Vanadium (V),Chromium (VI) and Manganese (II)Using Chromogenic Reagent 7 - (6 - bromo - 2 - benzothiazolylazo) - 8 - hydroxyquinoline (Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Study)

Author name: زینب هادي حمید
Supervisor name: قاسم حسن كاظم | عباس عبد علي دریع
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Babylon - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص معقدات بعض العناصر الفلزية النشطة حيويا لقاعدة شيف مشتقة من السفيكسيم مع ليكاندات مختلطه من 8 - هيدروكسي كوينولين و3 - امينو فينول == Synthesis and characterization of some biological active metal ion complexes of Schiff base derived from Cefixime with mixed ligands 8 - hydroxyquinoline and 3 - amino phenol

Author name: امير منصور غناوي
Supervisor name: احمد ثابت نعمان الجبوري | حسام حيدر الطويل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقدير الزرنيخ لمرضى سرطان الثدي والافراد الاصحاء ICP - OES يسكنون مدينة كربلاء في العراق باستخدام == Determination of Arsenic in Breast Cancer Patients and Healthy Individuals Resident in Karbala, Iraq, by using ICP - OES

Author name: اياد كاظم فاضل
Supervisor name: باقر عبد الزهرة جودة | ميثم عبد الله سلطان
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:

دراسة تكمميه للتفكك الحراري للمركبات العطرية متعددة الحلقات بتواجد العوامل المساعدة وبدونها == quantum chemistry Study of Thermal Decomposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons With and Without Catalysts

Author name: قحطان عدنان یوسف
Supervisor name: مثنى عبد الجبار شنشل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تحضير بعض المشتقات من معوضات - 2 مركبتوبنزوثايازول ودراسة فعالية البايلوجية لها == Synthesis of some derivatives from substituted 2 - mercaptobenzothiazole, and study their biological activity

Author name: عذراء حكمت احمد حسن الجميلي
Supervisor name: محمد رفعت احمد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تصنيع ودراسة كفاءة الخلايا الشمسية ذات الصبغات باستخدام مواد نانوية DSSCs المتحسس == Fabrication and Study of the efficiency of Dye Sensitive Solar Cells DSSCs using nanomaterials

Author name: نور عبد الله حسن
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم محمد علي جبر السامرائي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
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تحضير وتشخيص مشتقات حلقية غير متجانسة جديدة ودراسة امكانية تطبيقها كمنشطات للسطوح ومضادات مايكروبية ومثبطات للتاكل == Synthesis, characterization of new heterocyclic derivatives, and studying the possibility for their applications as surfactants, antimicrobial agents and corrosion inhibitors

Author name: كفاء خلف حمود محمد العبيدي
Supervisor name: احلام معروف العزاوي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
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تحضير وتشخيص بعض المشتقات الجديدة ل سكرين - N == Synthesis and Characterization of Some New N - saccharin Derivatives

Author name: اسيل فرحان عبد الله
Supervisor name: احمد وحيد ناصر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
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دراسة طيف الاشعة تحت الحمراء وطاقات الكسر الحراري للاصرة C - O في بعض مشتقات الامبيسيلين الاسترية باسلوب ميكانيك الكم == Quantum Mechanical Investigations of IR Spectra and Thermal C - O Bond Rupture Energies in Some Ampicillin Derivatives

Author name: علي عبد السلام احمد
Supervisor name: رحاب ماجد كبة
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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تحضير ودراسة الخصائص الحرارية لريسولات (البس فينول - A والبس فينول - S) وكوبوليمراتها الجديدة المحتوية على معقدات بعض العناصر الانتقالية == Synthesis and Thermal Properties Study of Resols (Bisphenol - A and bisphenol - S)and New Copolymers containing Some Transition Metal Complexes

Author name: هدى سالم خضير النعيم
Supervisor name: وداد صالح حنوش | زكي ناصر كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
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دراسات طيفية لمعقدات انتقال - الشحنة لبعض الامينات الاروماتية ومشتقاتها مع مستقبلات الكترونية == Spectroscopic Studies of Charge Transfer Complexes of Some Aromatic Amines and Their Derivatives with Electronic Acceptors

Author name: احمد ثجيل بادي الزيدي
Supervisor name: انور ذيب محمود الذيب | وضاح ناجي جاسم السعيدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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نمذجة الاكسدة الضوئية المتقدمة لصبغة الاليزارين الحمراء بوساطة ثنائي اوكسيد التيتانيوم == Modeling of advanced photo oxidation for alizarine red dye using TITANIUM DIOXIDE

Author name: طارق هادي طالب
Supervisor name: رمزي رشيد علي العاني | مراد عباس الضامن
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Science
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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