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تقييم استجابة مرضى متلازمة المبيض المتعدد التكيسات لتحريض الاباضة لعقار كلوميفين سترات وحده مقابل كلوميفين سترات مع ن_اسيتايل سستين == Assesment of response of PCOS patients treatment for ovulation induction with Clomiphene Citrate alone versus to Clomiphene Citrate plus N_Acetylcysteine

Author name: سهى حسن حميد
Supervisor name: بتول عبد الواحد الخالدي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الوعي ,التوجه , واستخدام موانع الحمل للنساء بعمر الانجاب في مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي /النجف الاشرف == Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Contraception Among Women in Reproductive Age Attending Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Najaf

Author name: اسراء عبد الامير كاظم
Supervisor name: امال منير | دلال الجراح
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دور السونار في قياس سمك عضلة الرحم لتوقع الفترة بين تحطم الغشاء الامنيوني واعراض الولادة المبكرة حتى وقت الولادة == The Role of sonographic measurement of myometrial thickness in the prediction of latent period in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes

Author name: ديانا خالد عبد العالي
Supervisor name: لمى سعد زيني
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة تنشيط النطف البشرية باستخدام الوسط الزرعيHam's F - 12 ومادة البومين المصل البشري لمرضى العقم == An in vitro human sperm activation study Using Ham’s F - 12 medium and human serum albumin for infertile patients

Author name: محمد حسن شعبان
Supervisor name: محمد باقر محمد رشاد فخر الدين
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى التحقق من كفاءة الوسط الزرعي (Ham's F - 12) كوسط لتحضير النطف, كذلك فعالية مادة البومين مصل الدم البشري ( (Human serum albumin; HSA كمادة منشطة للنطف لاستخدامها في عمليات التنشيط لمرضى العقم. شملت هذه الدراسة مائة واربعون مريضا من المصابين بالعقم بسبب وهن النطف(Asthenozoospermia) او قله عدد النطف) (Oligozoospermiaاو كلاهما) (Oligoasthenozoospermia. كان معدل اعمارهم هو) 4.32±35.62 (عاماومعدل فترة العقم هو (6.06±0.22) سنة. تمت الدراسة في مستشفى الحسين العام وعيادة المصطفى الطبية الشعبية في كربلاء واستغرقت للفترة من شهر تموز 2006 الى شهر تشرين الثاني 2006 .تم تنشيط النطف خارج الجسم ( (in vitro sperm activation حيث استخدم الوسط الزرعي ( (Ham's F - 12 كمجموعة سيطرة(ضابطة) واستخدمت ثلاث تراكيز من مادة ( (HSA 5% و7.5% و10% وبفترتي حضن 15 و30 دقيقة. قسمت نماذج المني الى قسمين حيث حضرت المجموعة الاولى( 70 نموذج ) بتقنية النبذ والسباحة Centrifugation swim - up technique)) والسبعون الاخرى بتقنية السباحة المباشرة (Direct swim - up technique).تم فحص السائل المنوي لجميع المرضى قبل عملية التنشيط ثم قورنت النتائج مع نتائج بعد التنشيط ولجميع المرض وقورنت كذلك بعد استخدام التراكيز الثلاث المضافة من مادة ( (HSA . اظهرت النتائج ايجابية الوسط الزرعي Ham's F - 12) )لاستخدامه كوسط لتحضير النطف حيث لوحظ زيادة في حركة النطف , وكذلك زيادة في نسبة فعالية النطف A,B وكذلك زيادة في نسبة النطف السوية . كذلك لوحظ زيادة في حركة ونسبة فعالية النطف A, B وزيادة في نسبة النطف السوية ايضا بعد اضافة مادة ( (HSA وكان التركيز الافضل هو 5% وبفترة حضن 30دقيقة . وان افضل النتائج كانت للمرضى المصابين بوهن النطف مقارنة مع نتائج المرضى المصابين بقلة النطف او بقلة ووهن النطف. نستنتج من هذه الدراسة ان الوسط الزرعي Ham's F - 12) ) ذو فعالية جيدة كوسط لتنشيط النطف كما ان مادة الالبومين( (HSA يمكن استخدامها كمادة منشطة للنطف للمرض المصابين وهن النطف. | medium as sperm preparation medium and the effectiveness of human serum albumin HSA as sperm stimulator in in vitro human sperm activation for infertile patients. One hundred forty (140) infertile males were shared in present study. The mean ages of infertile males were 35.62± 4.32 years. The mean duration of infertility of them was 6.06 ±0.22 years with range of 1 - 11 year.Ham’s F - 12 medium was used as control group and three different concentrations of HSA were used (5%, 7.5% and 10%), with two incubation periods (15 and 30 minuets). Seventy semen samples were prepared using centrifugation swim - up technique, and the other seventy semen samples prepared using direct swim - up technique. The comparison was done between parameters of semen of all treated groups post - activation with pre - activation parameters and control group (Ham’s F - 12 medium).The results of the present study showed that a significant improvement in seminal fluid analysis parameters especially sperm concentration, percentage of sperm agglutination and round cells concentration were reduced significantly (P<0.01) in both technique. In contrast, percentages of sperm motility, progressive sperm activity (grades A and B) and normal sperm morphology were increased significantly (P<0.05) using both techniques.With the usage of Ham’s F - 12 medium also significant enhancement were reported in compared to pre - activation Sperm concentration, sperm agglutination percentage and round cells concentration were reduced significantly(P<0.01) in both techniques. On the other hand, percentage of sperm motility, percentage of progressive sperm activity (grades A+B) and normal sperm morphology (%) were increased significantly (P<0.05) using both techniques.The results showed that the addition of HSA to the culture medium enhances sperm motility (%), percentage of progressive sperm activity (grades A and B) and normal sperm morphology (%) using both techniques. Moreover, the best results were reported with 5% HSA and 7.5% HSA after 30 minutes of incubation. In addition to that, the results of sperm activation were better with asthenozoospermic patients than oligozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic patients

تقويم معدل الاستنبات ومستوى السايتوكينات في المريضات المصابات بالعقم الغير مفسر بعد الخضوع لخدش بطانة الرحم == Evaluation of Implantation Rate and Cytokines Level of unexplained Infertile Patients Undergoing Induced Endometrial Scratching

Author name: ايمان حسن فليح
Supervisor name: عفان عزت حسن | الفت محمد علي النقاش
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: العقم مشكلة عالمية تؤثر على الملايين من الازواج ،ان اقرب تعريف للعقم هو مرض يصيب الجهاز التناسلي ويؤدي الى الفشل في تحقيق الحمل السريري بعد مرور12 شهرا او اكثر من الجماع الجنسي غير المحمي.وقد اقترحت العديد من الدراسات وجود تاثير ايجابي في خدش بطانة الرحم المقصودة على معدل نجاح انغراس البيضة المخصبة، وخاصة في النساء اللاتي عانوا فشل متكرر او اجهاض متكرر او العقم بدون اسباب مبررة. احداث خدش في بطانة الرحم يعزز رد فعل التهابي وهو مفيد لتفضيل زرع الجنين. يتم تجنيد الخلايا القاتلة الطبيعية والبلاعم والخلايا الشجيرية في الموقع المصاب وكميات متزايدة من السايتوكينات وعوامل النمو والجاذبات الكيمياوية، مثل عامل النخر (TNF - α) وinterleukin - 6 (IL - 6) ، مما يعزز غرس ناجح.صممت الدراسة لتقصي تاثير خدش بطانة الرحم على افراز المصل والبطانة من TNF - α وIL - 6 ، وتاثيره على تعزيز عملية الزرع الناجحة. اجريت الدراسة في مستشفى العلوية التعليمي ومركزمتخصص لعلاج العقم في بغداد. سجلت هذه الدراسة مريضات يعانون من عقم غير مفسر لاكثر من سنة وبعمر اقل من 45 عاما. تم اجراء دراسة هرمونية اساسية ، وتم تقسيم عينة الدراسة كما هو محدد الى ثلاث مجموعات ، 31 (29.5 ٪) على الجماع العفوي الطبيعي ، 31 (29.5 ٪) للتلقيح داخل الرحم (IUI) و43 (41.0 ٪) للتخصيب الاصطناعي) الاخصاب خارج الجسم اوطفل الانبوب) ثم تعريض جميع المريضات الى خدش بطانة الرحم في اليوم 8 من الدورة الشهرية (الدورة التي سبقت دورة الاخصاب خارج الجسم اوطفل الانبوب في مجموعة الاخصاب الاصطناعي او طفل الانبوب) ، عن طريق استخدام الناظور الرحمي ، تم قياس TNF - α وIL - 6 في افرازات المصل والبطانة قبل وبعد الخدش.كانت معدلات الحمل 22 (33.33 ٪) ، 20 (30.30 ٪) ، و24 (36.4 ٪) عن مجموعة الجماع العفوي الطبيعي ، التلقيح داخل الرحم ، والتخصيب الاصطناعي، على التوالي ، وكانت حسابات الاختطار النسبي للحمل اعلى للمجموعة العفوية مع 1.194 RR ، 95٪ CI (0.892 - 1.1601) ، تليها مجموعة التلقيح داخل الرحم مع RR 1.038 ، 95٪ CI (0.757 - 1.423) ، وادنى في مجموعة التلقيح داخل الرحم ، مع RR 0.824 ، وCI 95٪ (0.600 - 1.131).من خلال قياس اثنين من اهم السيتوكينات في افرازات المصل والبطانة من المرضى المشاركين في هذه الدراسة قبل وبعد خدش بطانة الرحم ، وجد انه كان هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية (قيمة p <0.001) في TNF المصل والبطانة لانها كانت 3.84 ± 2.41 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر ، و3.81 ± 2.30 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر ، على التوالي ، وارتفعت الى 17.35 ± 6.39 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر في المصل و22.84 ± 9.67 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر في افرازات بطانة الرحم بعد خدش. كما اظهر IL6 اختلافا معنويا في المصل وفي افرازات بطانة الرحم ، حيث بلغ متوسط مستويات المصل IL6 4.27 ± 2.18 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر قبل الخدش وارتفع الى 16.46 ± 4.27 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر بعد الخدش ، في حين كان IL6 في افراز بطانة الرحم 3.86 ± 2.42 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر قبل الخدش وزيادة الى 22.35 ± 9.14 بيكوغرام / ديسيلتر بعد الخدش.كان تاثير خدش بطانة الرحم على مؤشر النبض ذو دلالة احصائية مع فارق متوسط 0.893 ± 0.393 حيث كان 3.584 ± 0.373 قبل الخدش وانخفض الى 2.690 ± 0.357 بعد الخدش ، مع تغير متوسط النسبة بنسبة 24.54٪ ± 9.95٪.كانت هناك علاقة ارتباط معتدلة ذات دلالة احصائية مهمة بين تطور الحمل وارتفاع مستوى المصل والـ TNF ، وكانت اعلى في افرازات بطانة الرحم من TNF المصل ، ولكن بالنسبة لـ IL6 لم يكن هناك سوى علاقة ضعيفة ذات دلالة احصائية بين بطانة الرحم IL6 والحمل.وخلصت هذه الدراسة الى ان خدش بطانة الرحم يزيد معدل الحمل في جميع مجموعات الدراسة ولكن الحمل العفوي اكثر من التلقيح داخل الرحم، والاخير اكثر من التخصيب الاصطناعي. يسبب خدش بطانة الرحم زيادة كبيرة في تركيزات المصل وافرازات البطانة من TNF - α وIL - 6. وارتبط ارتفاع مستويات TNF - α وIL - 6 مع نتائج حمل افضل. ان خدش بطانة الرحم يقلل من معدل مؤشر المقاومة الشريانية للشريان الرحمي الذي يعني معدل تدفق افضل للدم وبالتالي تحسين نتيجة الحمل. | Infertility is a worldwide problem, affecting millions of couples, and never an old subject. Infertility is “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Several studies have suggested a favorable effect of endometrial injury on the implantation success rate, especially in women with recurrent implantation failure or recurrent abortion or unexplained infertility. When local injury - induced in endometrial tissue this enhance an inflammatory reaction which is useful for favors implantation of embryo. Natural killer cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells are recruited to the injured site and increased quantities of cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines like Tumor necrosis factor - alpha, and interleukin - 6, all are secreted, thus resulting in a successful implantation. This prospective interventional study was designed to evaluate the effect of endometrial scratch on serum and endometrial secretion of Tumor necrosis factor - alpha and interleukin - 6, and its effect on promoting successful implantation. The study was done in Al - Alwia Teaching Hospital and privet infertility treatment center in Baghdad from January 2016 till December 2017. This study enrolled 105 female patients with unexplained infertility for more than 1 year and with age under 45 years. Basic hormonal study was done, and study sample was divided as indicated into three groups, 31 (29.5%) for natural conception, 31 (29.5%) for intrauterine insemination and 43 (41.0%) for in vitro fertilization program ,then all patients undergone endometrial scratch, at day 8 of menstrual cycle (in in vitro fertilization program group the scratch of endometrium done in the cycle that preceded the in vitro fertilization procedure ), by using hysteroscopy. Tumor necrosis factor - alpha, and interleukin - 6 was measured in serum and endometrial secretions before and after scratch. pregnancy rates for three groups was 22 (33.33%), 20 (30.30%), and 24 (36.4%) for Natural, Intra Uterine Insemination and In Vitro Fertilization , respectively and when calculate the relative risk (beneficial risk) for pregnancy it reveal that the highest for Natural conception group with 1.194 RR, 95% confidence interval (0.892 - 1.1601), followed by Intra Uterine Insemination group with RR of 1.038, 95% confidence interval (0.757 - 1.423), and lowest in In Vitro Fertilization group, with RR of 0.824, and 95% confidence interval (0.600 - 1.131). By measuring two of the most important cytokines in serum and endometrial secretions of patients involved in this study both before and after endometrial scratch, it was found that there was a highly significant difference (p - value <0.001) in serum and endometrial Tumor necrosis factor - alpha, as were 3.84 ± 2.41 pg/dl, and 3.81 ±2.30 pg/dl, respectively, and increased to 17.35 ±6.39 pg/dl in serum and 22.84 ±9.67 pg/dl in endometrial secretions after scratch. Also interleukin - 6 showed highly significant difference in serum and in endometrial secretions, as the mean serum levels of IL6 was 4.27 ±2.18 pg/dl before scratch and increased to 16.46 ±4.27 pg/dl after scratch, while the interleukin - 6 in endometrial secretion was 3.86 ±2.42 pg/dl before scratch and increased to 22.35 ± 9.14 pg/dl after scratch. The effect of endometrial scratch on pulsatility index was statistically significant with a mean difference of 0.893 ±0.393 as it was 3.584 ± 0.373 before scratch and decreased to 2.690 ± 0.357 after scratch, with mean percent change of 24.54% ± 9.95% reduction. There was a moderate statistically significant positive correlation between developing pregnancy and higher serum and endometrial Tumor necrosis factor - alpha, and that it was higher in endometrial secretions than serum Tumor necrosis factor - alpha , but for interleukin - 6 there was only a weak statistically significant correlation between endometrial interleukin - 6 and pregnancy. This study concluded that endometrial scratch increase pregnancy rate in all study groups but Natural conception is more than Intra Uterine Insemination and Intra Uterine Insemination is more than In vitro Fertilization - Embryo Transfer. Endometrial scratch causes a significant increment in serum and endometrial concentration of Tumor necrosis factor - alpha and IL - 6. Higher levels of Tumor necrosis factor - alpha and interleukin - 6 were associated with better pregnancy outcomes. Endometrial scratch decrease pulsatility index which mean better blood flow rate and good pregnancy outcome.

معدل عدوى الكلاميديا كسبب في الولادة المبكرة باستخدام طريقة اختبار سلسلة تفاعل البلمرة مقابل اختبار انزيم المناعية وتاثيره على نتيجة ولادة الجنين == The Rate of Chlamydia Infection as a Cause of Preterm Labour (Using PCR, Elisa) and effect on fetal birth out come

Author name: بان كاظم عبد الرحيم
Supervisor name: وسن وجدي ابراهيم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Background : Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium characterized by biphasic developmental cycle of replication. The organism is recognized as one of the causes of preterm labour in our country.Aim of the study : Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis as acause of preterm labour by using PCR versus ELISA, and effect of infection on fetal birth outcome.Design : Prospective Case - control study. Patient and methods : Endocervical swabs were collected from 80 pregnant women, with gestational age 28th—36th+ 6 weeks ,estimated from 1st day of last menstrual period and /or by 1st or 2nd trimester uttrasonographic assessment. These specimens were processed using molecular (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) and enzyme immunoassay (EIASA).Result : By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has a sensitivity of 80% to 95% and a specificity of 99% . in this study ,PCR test is better than ELISA test for the diagnosis the chlamydia infection ( P value 0.0001) in preterm labour.Conclusions : Nucleic acid amplification test by using Polymerase chain reaction proved to be superior and more efficient in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis than Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay ,and Chlamydia infection did not affect fetal birth outcome .

مقارنة استعمال عقار الاوكسيتوسين عن طريق زرقه داخل وريد الحبل السري مقابل صرف الحبل المشيمي في معالجة المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة == UMBILICAL CORD DRAINAGE VERSUS INTRAUMBILICAL CORD OXYTOCIN INJECTION In MANAGEMENT OF THIRD STAGE OF LABOUR

Author name: فرح سامي داود
Supervisor name: نجمة محمود الخزعلي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: نزيف ما بعد الولادة هو احد اهم اسباب الاعتلال والوفيات بين الامهات. هناك بعض الطرق الفعالة والفسيولوجية لمعالجة المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة. وتهدف هذه الدراسة الى تقييم ومقارنة فعالية حقن عقار الاوكسيتوسين داخل وريد الحبل السري والصرف الحبل المشيمي في معالجة المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة. : الاساليب في هذه التجربة السريرية تلقت 100 امراة 20 وحدة من الاوكسيتوسين بعد تخفيفه في 20 مل من محلول ملحي 0.9٪ وتم حقنه داخل وريد الحبل السري (المجموعة 1، عدد 30 )، وصرف الحبل المشيمي (المجموعة 2، عدد 34) او عدم التدخل (المجموعة 3، عدد 36). وكانت النتيجة الاولية تقليل مدة المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة. : النتائج وكانت المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة اقصر بكثير في مجموعة 1 و2 بالمقارنة مع مجموعة 3 مجموعة 1 تقصير مدة المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة بمقدار 3 دقائق والمجموعة 2 تقصير مدة المرحلة الثالثة من الولادة بمقدار 4.27 دقيقة لم تكن هناك تقارير عن الحاجة الى الازالة اليدوية للمشيمة او المشيمة المحتبسة.استنتاج : استخدام الحقن داخل الحبل السري الاوكسيتوسين والصرف الحبل المشيمي في المرحلة الثالثة من المخاض الى خفض كبير في مدة المرحلة الثالثة وبالتالي تقلل من احتمالية النزف بعد الولادة | Postpartum hemorrhage is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. There are some active and physiologic methods for management of third stage of labor. This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of intraumbilical vein injection of oxytocin and placental cord drainage in the management of third stage of labor. Methods : In this randomized controlled study , 100 women received 20 ml of a 0.9% saline solution with 20 units of oxytocin injected in the umbilical vein after clamping (Group 1 ,N = 30), placental cord drainage (Group 2, N = 34) or no intervention (Group 3, N= 36). The primary outcome was mean duration of third stage of labor. Results : The third stage of labor was significantly shorter in group 1 and 2 as compared to group 3 . Groups 1 shorten the duration of third stage of labor by 3 min. and group 2 shorten the duration of third stage of labor by 4.27 min. .There were no reports of need for manual removal of placenta or retained placenta. Conclusion : The use of intraumbilical injection of oxytocin and placental cord drainage in the third stage of labor significantly reduced the duration of the third stage.

العلاقة بين موقع المشيمة ومدة مراحل الولادة == Association between Site of Placenta and Duration of Stages of Labor

Author name: هناء محمد حيدر
Supervisor name: يسرى نعمان محمد
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Childbirth is a complex physiological, sociological and psychologicalevent. The third and fourth stages of labor are usually uneventful;although significant compilations can occur in this period, sites placentae have a significant clinical effect on the progress of labour , particularly the duration of third stage.Aim of studyTo investigate how the location of the placenta at term pregnancies affects the duration of the third stage of labor.Patients & MethodsA cross sectional study was carried out in a obstetric department of Baghdad Teaching hospital for period from 1st of November, 2013, to 1st of June, 2014 on sample of 300 pregnant women at term who selected randomly by simple random sampling. The data were collected by the researcher in labor room after completing examination of the selected patient by direct interview and filling a prepared questionnaire included demographic information, obstetric information and information about placental site.ResultsThe fundal placental site represented only 25.7% of the studied patients, the mean duration of third stage of labor was 8±3 minutes. ANOVA analysis revealed a significant association between women with fundal site of placenta and shorter duration of third stage of labor (p < 0.001). A significant association was observed between women with posterior placenta and shorter gestational ages of pregnant women (p = 0.04). Women with posterior placenta were highly associated with previous abortions (p = 0.02). Women with posterior placenta were highly associated with fetal birth weight : S 3.5 Kg (p = 0.04).Conclusions & Recommendations A fundal site of placenta may be closely related to shorter duration of third stage of labor and a posterior site of placenta may be closely related to longer duration of third stage of labor. It is important to doctors, nurses and midwives to be aware of placental site and encouraging larger studies to confirm the relation between placental site and duration of third stage of labor.

قياس محيط الراس بجهاز الامواج فوق الصوتية في التنبؤ بالمرحلة الثانية للولادة عند النساء الخروس (العديمات الاولاد) == Utrasound measurement of head circumference in prediction of 2nd stage duration of labor in nulliparous women

Author name: وفاء عبد الكريم عبيد
Supervisor name: معد مهدي شلال
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: المرحلة الثانية الطويلة من الولادة، تؤدي الى نتائج سلبية للام والجنين .التقييم الاصبعي لموقف راس الجنين اثناء المخاض هو اداة ذاتية، وعرضة لخلاف كبير بين الفاحصين .الامهات الخروس العديمات الاولاد ذوات اجنة بمحيط راس كبير عرضة لزيادة خطر العملية القيصرية الاولية والولادة المهبلية المتعلقة بالعمليات الجراحية . لقد مكنت الموجات فوق الصوتية اثناء الولادة مزيد من الفهم للفسلجة المعقدة لولادة للجنين وقد قدرت التكهن للولادة المهبلية المتعلقة بالعمليات الجراحية والعملية القيصرية الاولية.الهدف من الدراسة : الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم قدرة الموجات فوق الصوتية اثناء الوضع للتنبؤ بوقت المرحلة الثانية من المخاض عند النساء الخروس ( عديمات الاولاد )عن طريق قياس محيط راس الجنين وكذلك لتقييم محيط الراس بعد الولادة ومدة المرحلة الثانية.مكان الدراسة ونوعهادراسة مقطعية عشوائية اجريت بالفترة ما بين الاول من يناير 2014 ولغاية الاول من شهر مارس 2014 في مستشفى بغداد التعليمي. | Prolonged second stage of labor, has been associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Digital assessment of fetal head station during labor is a subjective tool, prone to considerable disagreement among examiners. Nulliparous mothers of large - FHC infants are at increased risk of primary cesarean section and operative vaginal delivery . Intrapartum ultrasonography has enabled further understanding of the complex physiology of childbirth. It has been shown to provide objective information on the dynamics of different stages of labor, and has also been used to assess the prognosis for operative vaginal delivery and primary cesarean section. AIM OF STUDY : The purpose of this study is to assess the ability of intrapartum ultrasound to predict the duration of second stage of labour in nulliparous women by measuring fetal head circumference and also to assess head circumference post - delivery and second stage duration

تحليل حمل اداء الارومة الغاذية في مستشفى بغداد التعليمي == Analysis of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease in Baghdad Teaching Hospital

Author name: حنان جواد كاظم
Supervisor name: رغد عبد الحليم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are important and interesting part of gynecological oncology. Women diagnosed with GTD should be counseled that about 8% become malignant and GTN is a significant cause of morbidity, loss of fertility and, rarely, mortality in young women. All form of GTD produce B - hCG and monitoring this hormone is an accurate biomarker for screening, diagnosis, therapeutic response and follow up.(1) Objectives : To analyze and determine the types, complications, management and outcomes of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and those with irregular follow - up in Baghdad Teaching Hospital through an observational descriptive based approach.Study design : Observational descriptive study Setting : Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baghdad Teaching Hospital - Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. Patients and methods : During the period from January 2013 to January 2014, (60) patients admitted to our hospital were diagnosed and registered to have GTD on the basis of histopathological report, were included in this study. During this period, analysis of patients′ data was done regarding their age, residence, parity, blood group, type of molar pregnancy, 1st clinical presentation, percentage of patients who developed persistent GTD and needed further management with chemotherapy and follow up, their outcome (remission, complications, lost to follow up), history of prior molar pregnancy, then complete medical and gynecological examination was done for each case. All patients were followed up by serial B - hCG titer according to WHO protocol except those who were lost to follow up. Each patient has a hand book in which her complete information about her condition is documented.Results : Thirty six patients out of 60 (60%) developed persistent gestational trophoblastic disease received chemotherapy, 20 patients (55.5%) out of those 36 patients required only single - agent chemotherapy (methotrexate). 12 patients (33.3%) required single then shifted to multi - agent chemotherapy while only 4 patients (11.1%) were required multi - agent chemotherapy since diagnosis, all 36 patients got complete remission after having their risk scoring system. Six cases (10%) got spontaneous remission following evacuation, while 18 patients (30%) had irregular or lost to follow up and presented later on with different presentation, One patient present with heavy vaginal bleeding and on examination and investigation cervical growth was diagnosed then hysterectomy was done followed by chemotherapy and got remission. Three patients presented with metastasis, one to the liver, another to the lung and both of them received multi - agent chemotherapy at oncology unite and got remission. Another one presented with advanced stage pulmonary metastasis and she unfortunately died due to adult respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure. Another patient presented many months later with heavy vaginal bleeding and large uterine size, also she died soon after admission. The results were established from the obtained data and then comparison was donewith other studies, two cases out of 18 died due to their neglection to our medical appropriate management and irregular follow up and presented later with advanced stage.Conclusion : The high proportion of GTD was in age group 15 - 25 years old, rural area, multiparity, blood group O, house wives. Complete molar pregnancy was the most common type of GTD in our study. Most of patients with irregular follow up are multiparous, from rural area, blood group A and below 18 years old.Chemotherapy is effective in treatment of persistent GTD. The management of gestational trophoblast disease in our hospital not differs from that protocol found in other centers in the world, However, Follow up of patients is the real problem for both patients and doctors because no special centers for GTD and no registration to a patients in proper way and poor knowledge and education of our population regarding this disease.

نسبة وفيات الامهات في قسم النسائية والتوليد في مستشفى بغداد التعليمي للعام 2013 == Causes of Maternal Mortality in Obstetrics& Gynecology Department in Baghdad Teaching Hospital for the Year 2013

Author name: سجى زيدان ضمد
Supervisor name: حيدر باقر الشماع
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Maternal deaths is the death of a women while pregnant or within 42days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and the site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental cause.Aim of study : To study the causes and risk factors related to maternal deaths in obstetrics &gynecology department in Baghdad teaching hospital & to provide information to improve maternal care.Objective : To study causes of maternal mortality in Baghdad teaching hospital and the possible measures that may be taken to reduce mortality rate. Study design : A retrospective study.Setting : The study was carried out in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Baghdad teaching hospital for the period 1st of January to end of December 2013.Method : A retrospective study carried out on 8 died women ,who referred to Baghdad teaching hospital with serious morbidity ,6 of them delivered by CS and 2 of them delivered vaginally, each case studied in depth to determine the most likely cause of death.Result : The total maternal deaths for Baghdad Teaching hospital in 2013 were 8 women and the live births were 10488; as a result, the maternal mortality ratio per 100000 live births was 76.3, many Factors analyzed included the sociodemographic characteristics of the women who died the main causes of death, pattern of health - seeking behavior for antenatal care / delivery, and place of labor and delivery.There is statistically significant difference for some of these factors as between employment and unemployment also there is significant difference between vaginal and cesarean delivery.Conclusion : Major causes of deaths in Baghdad teaching hospital was hemorrhage ,as agreed by WHO estimates of causes of maternal death.This provide stimulus for health providers, hospital managers ,individuals and government to maintain downward trends in our maternal mortality ratios to meet the expectation of the millennium goal of reduction of 75% in maternal deaths in 2015

مصل مستضد سرطان 125 ومصل بروتين "سي" الفعال ومولد الليفين في بلازما الدم عند النساء الحوامل المصابات بطليعه الارتجاج == CA - 125, plasma fibrinogen and C - reactive protein in correlation with severity of preeclampsia

Author name: رشا خضير عباس
Supervisor name: وسن وجدي ابراهيم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الخلفية : ارتفاع ضغط الدم هو من بين الاضطرابات الصحية الاكثر شيوعا اثناء الحمل ومعدل ارتفاع ضغط الدم يتراوح من 5٪ الى 6٪ لجميع انواع الحمل. وكان هناك اختلاف تبايني كبير بين مصل مستضد سرطان 125 ومصل بروتين "سي" الفعال ومولد الليفين في بلازما الدم مع شدة طليعة الارتجاج .الهدف من الدراسة : وكان الهدف من هذه الدراسة الى تحديد مستوى مصل مستضد سرطان 125 ومصل بروتين "سي" الفعال ومولد الليفين في بلازما الدم عند النساء الحوامل المصابات بطليعة الارتجاج وارتباطهم بشدة المرض. مكان الدراسة : قسم النسائية والتوليد - مستشفى بغداد / مدينه الطب. نوع الدراسة : دراسة حالة رقابية.وقت الدراسة : ابتداءا من شهر 1/كانون الثاني 2015 الى 1/حزيران 2015 تصميم الدراسة : دراسة تضمنت 140 امراة حامل. (35) امراة حامل مصابة بطليعة الارتجاج الشديدة.(35) امراة حامل مصابة بطليعة الارتجاج المتوسطة.(70) امراة حامل كمجموعة مقارنة. تتراوح اعمار حملهن مابين 28 - 40 اسبوعا واخضعت تلك الحوامل لفحص مصل مستضد سرطان 125 ومصل بروتين "سي" ومولد الليفين في بلازما الدم ومعدل الضغط الشرياني في المجموعات الثلاثة.النتائج : وجدت مستويات مصل مستويات سرطان 125 ومصل بروتين "سي" الفعال ومولد الليفين في بلازما الدم في حالات طليعة الارتجاج المتوسطة والشديدة مرتفعة بشكل ملحوظ عن المجموعه القياسية.الاستنتاج : ثبت ان المستويات المصلية لكل من مستضد سرطان 125 وبروتين "سي" الفعال ومولد الليفين في بلازما الدم في حالات طليعة الارتجاج المتوسطة والشديدة وكانت مرتفعة وهذه المستويات المرتفعة مرتبطة بصورة ملحوظة مع شدة المرض | Back ground : Hypertension is among the most common medical disorders during pregnancy and the rate of hypertension ranges from 5% to 6% for all types of pregnancy. There was a significant difference between CA 125, plasma fibrinogen and C - reactive protein to the severity of PE.Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the level of serum CA - 125, C - reactive protein and plasma fibrinogen in preeclampsia and their association with the severity of disease. Study design : A prospective - case control study. Setting : was carried out in the department of gynecology and obstetrics at Baghdad teaching hospital - medical city for a period from the 1st of January 2015 to 1st of June 2015.Patients & methods : One hundred forty women were included in this study; they were selected and divided into three groups : Group A : Thirty five (35) pregnant women with mild preeclampsia.Group B : Thirty five (35) pregnant women with severe preeclampsia.Both group A and B are selected according to the clinical signs, symptoms and investigations and admitted to obstetrics ward for evaluation.Group C : Control seventy (70) pregnant women, with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies.Women in group C were selected according to the maternal age and gestational age while attending to the antenatal care unit.Results : CA125, C - reactive protein and plasma fibrinogen levels in mild and severe preeclampsia patients were markedly higher than that of normal third trimester pregnant women.Conclusion : Serum cancer antigen - 125, Serum C - reactive protein and Serum plasma fibrinogen were significantly higher in preeclampsia groups in comparison to the control group and these increments was directly correlated with the severity of preeclampsia.

حصيلة الولادة للنساء اللاتي اجرين عملية قيصرية واحدة سابقا في مستشفى بغداد التعليمي == Delivery outcome for patients with previous one caesarean section in Baghdad Teaching Hospital

Author name: رفاه خليل ابراهيم
Supervisor name: عفراء محجوب النداوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الدلالة السريرية للزيادة في كل من الاقراص الدموية والمستضاد السرطاني (125) كاداة تنبؤ بالاورام الخبيثة في الكتلة النسائية الحوضية == CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THROMBOCYTOSIS AND CA125 AS PREDICTOR OF MALIGNANCY IN GYNAECOLOGICAL PELVIC MASS

Author name: عبير مكي خليل
Supervisor name: نجمة محمود الخزعلي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الهدف من الدراسه : تحديد كل من الزيادة في عدد الصفائح الدموية (>450X 10 9 / مايكروليتر) ومستوى المستضاد السرطاني 125 (> 35 وحدة/مل) كادوات تنبؤية مفيدة لتاكيد خبثية الكتلة النسائية الحوضية.طريقة العمل : دراسه انية مستندة على حالات سريرية وحالات ضابطه غير متشابه اجريت على 110 امراة والتي تم تسجيلهم في هذه الدراسة ومقسمين الى مجموعتين ، 60 امراة وهي المجموعة الضابطه (خالين من الكتلة الحوضية) والتي اعتبرت كدواخل مختارة في الدراسة. في حين المجموعة الاخرى تضمنت 50 امراة فوق 15 سنة مع كتلة نسائية حوضية وقد خضعن الى عمليات جراحية استكشافية وباستخدم مختلف الطرق التسخيصية مثل الفحص السرير وتنقنيات التصوير بـ (الامواج فوق الصوتية والمفراس الحلوزني والرنين المغناطيسي) والفحوصات المختبرية (عدد الصفائح الدموية ، المستضاد السرطاني 125 والنسيج المرضي)وان بياناتهم قد خضت الى تحليل الاحصائي لمعرفة الحساسيه وفاصل الثقه والدقه والقيمه التنبئيه السالبه والموجبه .محل اجراء الدراسه : قسم النسائية والتوليد في مستفى بغداد التعليمي / كلية الطب - جامعة بغداد .النتائج : قد اختبر كل من المستضاد السرطاني 125 في الدم وعدد الصفائح الدموية لمعرفة مدى صدق استخدامهما كتحليل تنبؤي بتشخيص الخبيثة في الكتلة النسائية الحوضية وان كلا التحليلين اظهرا صدقا عاليا في التشخيص اذ كان مساحة استقبال خاصية التشغيل > 0.95 وقد اظهر المستضاد السرطاني 125 هامش الصدق الاعلى مساحة استقبال خاصية التشغيل > 0.017 .وان كلا مساحة استقبال خصائص التشغيل ROC كانا ذا ذلالة اعلى من 0.5 للمساحة المرتبطة باختبار الشك (الغموض).لقد كانت افضل قيمة قطعية لعدد الصفائح الدموية هي (≥ 385) وان كل الدراسات توصلت الى ان ان كل حالة مع عدد صفائح دموية (≥ 385) هي خبيثة بينما كل حالة تحت هذه القيمة القطعية هي سليمة او معافى.وان اختبار المستضاد السرطاني 125 في الدم يكون سالبا في اعلى حالات الحساسية (100%) للقيمة القطعية (27.1≥ ) والتي يجب ان يتم استثناء احتمالية تشخيصها كورم خبيث في مقابل اعتبارها حالة سليمة وموثوقة (100%) وان اعلى قيمة قطعية هي (≥ 41.7) والتي هي ايضا ذات موثوقية (100%) ولذلك فهي (100%) تمثل القيمة القطعية للتشخيص.الاستنتاج : ان ازدياد كلا عدد الكريات الدموية (≥385X10 9 / مايكروليتر) ومستوى المستضاد السرطاني 125 في الدم (≥ 41.7وحدة /مل) هما ادوات تنبؤ مفيدة لاثبات خبثية الكتلة النسائية الحوضية. | Objective : We attempted to determine the increasing of platelet counts (> 450.000 /microliter) and CA125 serum level (> 35 U/mL) as useful tools for predicting and confirming malignancy in gynaecological pelvic mass.Patients and methods : A prospective unmatched hospital based case - control study carried out about One hundred & ten women were enrolled in our study, divided into two group 60 women were control group (free of gynaecological pelvic mass) which were considered as “eligible entrants” into the study. Other group include 50 women above 15 years old with gynaecological pelvic mass were all candidate for laparotomy and using different diagnostic methods like clinical examination, imaging techniques (U/S, CT scan and MRI) and laboratory test (platelet count, CA125 and Histopathology). The data of those were subjected to statistical analysis (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, NPV and PPV) which calculated to considered if it is statistically significant or not. Setting : Obstetrics And Gynaecology Department At Baghdad Teaching Hospital / College Of Medicine - Baghdad University.Results : Serum CA125 and blood platelets count were tested for validity when used as a test to predict a diagnosis of malignancy in gynaecological pelvic mass differentiating it from benign gynaecological pelvic mass. Both tests showed a very high validity in diagnosis (ROC area >0.95), with serum CA125 showing a marginally higher validity (ROC area larger by 0.017 only). Both ROC areas were significantly higher than the 0.5 area associated with an equivocal test.Platelets counts had a perfect cut - off value of ≥385.000 All study subjects with a blood platelets count equal or greater than 385.000 were malignant, while everybody below this cut - off value was healthy.For serum CA125 testing negative at the highest sensitivity (100% sensitive) cut - off value of (≥ 27.1( would excluded a possible diagnosis of malignancy in favor of being healthy with 100% confidence. The optimum cut - off value is ≥41.7, which is also the 100% specific and thus 100% diagnostic cut - off value.Conclusion : Both blood platelet count (≥ 385 X 103microlitter) & serum level of CA125 (≥ 41.7 U/mL) are useful predictor tools to confirm malignancy in gynaecological pelvic mass

ترداد المشيمة المتقدمة والنتائج الناجمة عنها في مستشفى بغداد التعليمي == The Frequency of Placenta Previa and its Outcome in Baghdad teaching Hospital

Author name: نضال عبد الرزاق حسين
Supervisor name: عفراء محجوب النداوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Placenta praevia is the implantation of the placenta partially or wholly in the lower segment of the uterus. It is graded in two ways, as either grade 1 - 4 or minor/major. It is a major cause of obstetrical hemorrhage which leads to increase in maternal morbidity & perinatal mortality, its incidence is still rising worldwide.Objectives : To determine the frequency and outcome of placenta previa at Baghdad teaching hospital Patients and methods : A prospective observational study was carried out during the period between 1st October 2013 and 31 January 2014 at Baghdad Teaching Hospital, medical city complex. During the study period, total number of deliveries was 4128, of them 2322 were delivered by cesarean section and 1806 were vaginal deliveries. Of all those, 92 pregnant ladies who had placenta previa diagnosed ultrasonographically& confirmed during cesarean delivery had placenta previa and were included. Pregnant ladies with normally situated placenta were excluded from the study. Data were collected through Detailed history taking, and clinical examinations of patients. Preparations and interventional procedures included cross matching of at least 6 pints of blood & preparation of fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate, Single course of antenatal corticosteroids was given. All cases in this study where delivered by ceserean section. All mothers were monitored for signs of complication like disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC during and after surgery and for post - partum hemorrhage. Official agreements and verbal consent of all women were obtained prior to participation. Statistical analysis performed by using the statistical package for social sciences and appropriate statistical tests were used with the aid of expert statician.Results : There were 92 women who had placenta previa out of 4128, and the proportion of placenta previa was 2.2%, The mean age of the studied group was 32.2 ± 5.9 (range : 20 - 44) years. More than half (56.3%) of the studied group were gravida 5 or more. Nulliparous were only 3 patients (3.3%). History of miscarriage was found in 23 patients (25%). One or more previous cesarean sections were found in 78 (84.8%) patients. At time of delivery 72 (78.3%) patients were at < 37 weeks of gestation and 20 patients (21.7%) were at ≥ 37 weeks. Cesarean sections were performed in 61 patients (66.3%).Caeserian hysterectomy was conducted in 31 patients (33.7%), internal artery ligation was performed in 7 patients (7.6%), uterine artery ligation in 5 patients (5.4%). Morbidly adherent placenta was the more frequent cause of hysterectomy in 18 patients represented (58.1%) and bleeding in 13 patients (41.9%). Conclusion : In the present study the incidence of placenta previa was increased with the advancing age, particularly > 35 years, the incidence of placenta previa was highest in the multiparous group than nulliparous and directly associated with parity and gravidity. Previous caesarean section was an important and significant risk factor and none of the cases died

فاعلية البرنامج الارشادي على معارف الممرضة - القابلة المتعلق بالثاليل التناسلية في مستشفى الكرخ للولادة في مدينة بغداد == Effectiveness of Instructional Program on Nurse / Midwife Knowledge Concerning Genital Warts in Al - Karkh Maternity Hospital at Baghdad City

Author name: حذام اسماعيل حمود
Supervisor name: سهاد حكمت خيري
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Background : Genital warts is one of the most common sexual transmitted infection. Education for nurses and midwives can play an important role in controlling and preventing this disease.Objectives : To assess the nurse/ midwife's knowledge concern genital warts, to determine the effectiveness of the outcomes of Instructional program, and to find out the relationship between the nurse/midwife knowledge and educational level and experience years Methodology : A quasi experimental study was conducted on a random sample of (100) nurses and midwives who is working at Al - Karkh Maternity Hospital , data was collected from 2ed February to 10th April 2017. Determined validity through a panel of experts of questionnaire and reliability through the pilot study of (10) of nurses and midwives descriptive and inferential statistic were used to analyze the data. Results : The finding of the study shows the highest percentage of study sample (19%)within age group (20 - 24) years , (47%) were married, half of them are graduated from midwifery secondary school, (42%) have less than one years' experience and work in maternity word, (81%)was heard about genital warts before and one third of them heard from another nurse, most of sample dose not participate in any educational course about genital warts, and half of them are treated with genital warts patients. The result of the study through pretest showed that the knowledge of nurse/ midwife is very weak information about genital warts. After the instructional program and through the posttest found a good progress of information which showed that there is a significant statistical relationship between instructional program knowledge and (educational level , years of experience ).

اكتفين ا كعلامة بيولوجية للحمل خارج الرحم والاجهاض المنسي == Activin A As A Biomarker For Ectopic Pregnancy And Missed Abortion

Author name: مي حامد حسن
Supervisor name: نورهان شاكر
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Background : Activin A is a member of transforming growth factor B family that is secreted from ovary and placenta, however, in pregnancy the main source is the trophoblast.Aim of study : Activin A measurement to differentiate between intrauterine pregnancy and failed (missed abortion and ectopic) pregnancies.Study design : a Case control study.Setting : Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the College of Medicine Kufa University in Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital.Material and Methods : This study is a case control study consisting of 90 patients on three groups : Group 1 ectopic pregnancies (EP) (n=30) , Group 2 missed abortions (MA) (n=30) and Group 3 healthy viable intrauterine pregnancies (IUP) (n=30) were came to hospital with lower abdominal pain and\or vaginal bleeding or both between 6 - 8 weeks of gestation. Serum samples were sent at initial visit before treatment for measurement of activin A using ELISA test.Results : Activin A concentrations were significantly lower in women with EP (n = 30, mean value of 89.9 pg/mL) and women with MA (n = 30, mean value of 164.9 pg/mL) compared to IUP (n = 30, mean value of 334.5pg/mL); P < 0.001. Activin A can discriminate an ectopic pregnancy from viable pregnancies also, it was able to discriminate a MA from an EP.Conclusion : In this study activin A could be considered a promising biomarker for the discrimination between an IUP and a failed pregnancy (MA or EP).

مستوى مصل الدم للهرمون مضاد مولر AMH كاداة تشخيصية للاستجابة لتحريض الاباضة في مرضى متلازمة المبيض المتعدد الكيسات PCOS == Serum Level Of AMH As A Prognostic Tool For Response To Ovulation Induction In Pcos Patients

Author name: فرح حسام الدين سعران
Supervisor name: صالحة علي حسين | بتول عبد الواحد
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: متلازمة المبيض المتعدد الكيسات (PCOS) هواضطراب شائع جدا التي تحدث في 4? الى 7? من النساء في سن الانجاب. من المعروف انPCOSغالبا ما يترافق مع الاصابة بالامراض التناسلية وزيادة خطرالاصابة بسرطان بطانة الرحم،والتشخيص له اهمية خاصة لانه يعتقد الان بانPCOS له ا | From the observation that some PCOS patients were known to have high serum level AMH and it has been shown to be useful in its diagnosis, however; the clinical significance of high serum AMH level in prediction of ovarian response to medical therapy was under studied we are doing this study aiming to test the value of serum AMH level as a marker of sever disease and may be subsequent resistance to medical therapy. (AMH) has glycoprotein dimmer structure.AMH is produced by the granulose cells. AMH level in the plasma of PCOS patient are two or three times higher than average and begin to decline five years later than healthy womenObjectivesThe main objective of the study is to estimate the AMH level as a prognostic factor in PCOS infertile women on ovulation induction, also to describe some risk factors of infertility and their association with the AMH level.MethodologyA cross sectional study has been carried out in the outpatient clinic at Al Sadr infertility center under supervision of specialist gynecologist on 60 patients. The data has been collected by a questionnaire which contains demographic characteristics, gynecological history, physical examination and some laboratory investigations. The data collected by simple random to select the case from the outpatient clinics in the fact of 4 - 5 infertile women one day/week, then a period of time required for following up them after the ovulation induction The data have been collected during the period from the 1st of February till the 30 of September 2015.ResultsThere was a high statistically significant difference (P 0.000) in mean AMH among the cases with negative PT from those with positive PT, also the higher level of AMH strongly linked (P 0.023) with the presence of acne as a symptom of PCOS. There was no correlation of AMH with the age, LH, FSH, prolactin, TSH, size of dominant follicle and infertility duration. While it was positively correlated (P 0.000) with the age of menarche, BMI (P 0.000), Serum testosterone (P 0.002) andendometrial thickness (P 0.000).Conclusions & RecommendationsAMH is a useful test to study folliculogenesis and ovarian potential in various situations of infertility and for identification of PCOS. High levels of AMH are commonly associated with pregnancy failure.So, a recommendation of AMH level measuring for all PCOS patients should be done in order to know the prognosis during the ovulation induction.

العلاقة بين البروتين التفاعلي عالي الدقة في حالات سمدمية الحمل مع او بدون تخلف نمو الجنين == Associationbetween Highly Sensitive C - Reactive Protein Level In Cases Of Preeclampsia With Or Without Intrauterine - Growth Restriction

Author name: روسم جاسم محمد
Supervisor name: الاء محمد صادق
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
Key words:
  • العلاقة بين البروتين التفاعلي عالي الدقة في حالات سمدمية الحمل مع او بدون تخلف نمو الجنين
First pages:
Abstract: سمدم?ةالحملھوخلل?ص?بتقر?با 4% منالنساءاثناءالحملوتترتبعل?ھمخاطركث?رةبالنسبةل?موالطفل. نعرفتسممالحملعللىانھا?صابةالحد?ثةغ?رالمسبوقةبارتفاعضغطالدماثناءالحملبعدا?سبوع 20 منالحملوالمصحوبةبوجودبروت?نفيالبول.البروت?نالتفاعليعاليالدقةھومؤشرك?م?ائيبامكانناق?اسھف | Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder that affects 4% of pregnant women , in which the exact cause cannot identified it is one of the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality as it causes death of more than 6300 women annually , also it puts a burden on perinatal outcome as prematurity and Intrauterine growth restriction.Continuous search for predictive markers of severe PE is important and can be used to target high risk women for effective preventive treatment.Aim of study : to evaluate that Highly Sensitive C - Reactive Protein can be used as maker for severity of PE and whether it can be used to predict development of Intrauterine growth restrictionPatients and methods : this is convenient a cross - sectional study includes 80 pregnant women with their age 18 - 35 years , their gestational age 32 - 40 weeks , admitted to AL - Zahraa teaching hospital , whose diagnosed as PE based on BP and proteinurea. Full history and clinical examination were performed, venous blood aspirated for each women for biochemical analysis, Liver functions tests, Renal function tests Highly Sensitive C - Reactive Protein, and Doppler ultrasound.Results : The patients divided into those with mild PE and severe PE, with or without IUGR. No significant difference between the level of hsCRP and the severity of PE as p value was(0.779), but there is significant difference between the presence of IUGR and the level of hsCRP when it is 2mg/L as the p value was(0.020).Conclusion : We conclude that s.hsCRP is not sign

دراسة علاقة طول عنق الرحم المقاس بالسونار الداخلي مزامنة مع كمية السائل الامنيوسي في توقع وقت حدوث الولادة المبكرة خلال سبعة ايام من تمزق غشاء السائل الامنيوسي المبكر == Transvaginal Cervical Length & Amniotic Fluid Index : Can They Predict Delivery Latency Following Preterm Premature Rupture Of Membrane

Author name: وسن غائب حسون غائب
Supervisor name: امال منير مبارك
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
Key words:
  • علاقه طول عنق الرحم المقاس بالسونار الداخلي مزامنة مع كمية السائل الامنيوسي في توقع حدوث الولادة المبكرة خلال سبعة ايام من تمزق غشاء السائل الامنيوسي المبكر
First pages:
Abstract: توقع حدوث الولادة عند الحوامل المصابات بتمزق غشاء السائل الامنيوسي المبكريساعد الحامل على تهيئه نفسها لدخول المستشفى لاجراء اللازم لها واعطاءالجرعةالمنشطةلرئة الطفل وادخاله الى وحده العناية المركزة لحديثي الولادة.هدف الدراسة : تهدف الدراسة الى قياس طول عن | Patients with PPROM are often hospitalized for a prolonged period of time and deliver premature infants who frequently require neonatal intensive care. These women and their infants contribute significantly to obstetric &neonatal health care costs. The prediction of delivery latency could help direct the need for specific interventions such as hospitalization, intensive monitoring, timing of antenatal steroids.Objective : To determine whether transvaginal CL, AFI,or a combination of both can predict delivery latency within 7 days in women presenting with PPROM.Methods and Study Design : This was a prospective observational study of TVCL measurements in 80 singleton pregnancies with PPROM between 24 - 34 weeks. Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed with TOSHIBA SSA - 340A(Tokyo - Japan) apparatus 7.5MHz transvaginal probe, to measure the CL&AFI. Delivery latency was defined as the period from the initial TVCL after PPROM to delivery of the baby with our primary outcome being delivery within 7 days of TVCL. The independent predictability of significant characteristics for delivery within 7 days was determined using multiple logistic regression.Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were used to determin, whether the presence of a short TVCL, AFI or a combination of both affected the risk of delivery within 7 days.Result : Our study in women with PPROM show the validity of CL in predicting labor when the cut off value2cm the sensitivity=52.6%, specificity=69%, PPV=60.6%, NPV =61.7% and Accuracy=61.25%.The validity of AFI when the cut off value 5cm the sensitivity=71.1%, specificity=50%, PPV=56.3%, NPV=65.6% and Accuracy=60%.With combination of CL&AFI in predicting time of labor after PPROM the sensitivity=50%, specificity=92.8%, PPV=86.4%, NPV=67.2% and Accuracy 72.5%.In women with PPROM the rate of gestational age ? 30 weeks that labored within 7 days 44.7% and those labored more than 7 days 55.3%.Also the rate of gestational age >30 weeks that delivered within and after 7 days are 50%.According to the parity we found the mean value of those delivered within 7 days are 1.24 and those after 7 days are 1.28.Conclusion : Our study shows there is increase in positive predictive value when combination of AFI and CL in prediction of time of labour so women with AFI?5 and CL?2 had 86.4% risk of delivery within 7 days after PPROM. Also the study found there was no significant association between gestational age, or parity with the prediction time of labor.

نسبة حدوث النزف بعد الولادة في حالات الولادات الطبيعية, الاصطناعية, القيصرية الطارئة والغير طارئة في مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي لسنه 2015 == The Incidence Of Postpartum Hemorrhage After Spontaneous And Induced Vaginal Delivery Versus Elective And Emergency Caesarian Section At Al - Zahraa Teaching Hospital In 2015

Author name: اسراء علي عباس
Supervisor name: ازهار موسى الطريحي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
Key words:
  • حدوث النزف بعد الولاده في حالات الولادات الطبيعيه
  • الاصطناعيه
  • القيصريهالطارئه والغير طارئه في مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي لسنه
First pages:
Abstract: خلال هذا البحث تم رصد حدوث النزف المهبلي بعد الولاده ومقارنته بين اربع مجاميع من المريضات اللاتي دخلن الى مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي من فتره الثاني من اذار الى الثاني من اب وكان عدد المريضات 9674 مريضه وكان عدد الولادات الطبيعيه 6137 منها 1352 كان عن طريق تح | The labour records of the patients admitted to the labour word and obstetrics word and theater in Al Zahra teaching hospital (9674 patients) during period of 5 months from 2nd of March to the 2nd of August, consequence study to compare the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage after : 1 - Spontaneous labour2 - Induced labour 3 - Elective caesarian section4 - Emergency caesarian sectionObjective : To compare the incidence of haemorrhage and risk factors among certain group of patients and to discover which group is more liable to develop PPH.Study design : Cross sectional studyMethodology : Estimating the blood loss for assessment of PPH by gravimetric method and collection of soaked packs method, evaluate the severity of bleeding and put the women in the proper PPH category to do the proper management plans.Finding and conclusion : The finding of our research is the incidence of PPH is 1.64% among all types of labour (159 patients had PPH during this period) and the main risk factor for PPH in study is the primigravidas in induced or augmented labour.Practical implication : These finding indicate that PPH is another complication of induction that needed to be taken into account when induction in being considered

لتقييم العلاقه بين الوزن الامومي وخطر العمليه القيصريه ,مده الولاده ومعدل توسيع عنق الرحم اثناء عمليه تحفيز الولاده == The Association Of Maternal Weight With Caesarean Risk, Labor Duration, And Cervical Dilation Rate During Labor Induction

Author name: رهام عبد الامير جاسم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة مقارنة لمرضى انعدام النطف ومرضى العقم الذكري في نتائج عمليات الحقن المجهري == Comparative Study Of The Outcomes Of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection In Azoospermic And Non - Azoospermic Infertile Men

Author name: حامد حسين مطلك
Supervisor name: صاحب يحيى حسن المرشدي | رائد طالب مدلول
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

العلاقة بين عدد الجريبات الناضجة والبيوض المستحصلة ومستوى هرمون الاستراديول مع نتائج عمليات الحقن المجهري == The Relationship Between Mature Follicle Number, Retrieved Oocytes And Estradiol Level With The Outcomes Of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Author name: اقبال عبد فهد
Supervisor name: صاحب يحيى حسن المرشدي | زينب حسن الخفاجي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

Predicting Uterine Rupture By Uterine Thickness Via Sonogram

Author name: ايمان مصطفى حسون
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
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